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Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 

in  2009  with  funding  from 

NCSU  Libraries 


http://www.archive.org/details/bibliographyofmoOOunit 


51st  CoNL^KESs,  I    HOUSE  OF  UK1'KE^^E^^TAT1VES.    j  Mis.  Doc. 
1a'/  Staaiun.      )  (No.  133. 


U.  S.  DEPARTMENT  OV  AGRICULTURE. 
DIVISION    OF    ENTOMOLOGY. 


BIBLJOC^KAPHY 


OF 


THE  MOKE  IMPOKTAXT  COXTKlBrTIONS 


AMERICAN  ECONOMIC  ENTOMOLOGY. 


PREPARED.  UY  AriHoRITV  OF  THE  SECRETARY  OF  AilRlCULTURE. 

r.v 

S  A  M  U  K 1.    H  K  N  S  H  A  W . 


Paris  I,  II,  and   III. 

THE    M  o  K' K    I  M  I'O  IMA  NT    WHITING'S 

BENJAMIN  DANN  WALSH 

AND 

CHARLES  VALENTINE  RILEY. 


WASHINGTON: 

GOVERNMENT  PRINTING  OFFICE. 

1890. 


U.  S.  DEPARTMENT  OF  AGRICULTURE. 

DIVISION    OF    ENTOMOLOGY. 


BTBLIOGKAPHY 


OF 


THE  MORE  IMPORTANT  CONTRIBUTIONS 


TO 


^AMERICAN  ECONOMIC  ENTOMOLOGY. 


PREPARKD.  V,\  ArTirORITY  OF  THE  SECRETARY  OF  AGRTCULU'RE. 

BY 

SAMUEL    HENSHAW. 


b  PART    I. 

)  THE  MORE  IMPORTANT  WRITINGS 

OF 

BENJAMIN  DANN  WALSH. 


WASHINGTON: 

GOVERNMENT  PRINTING  OFFICE. 

188  9. 


•    >  • 


FORTY-SEVENTH  CONGRESS,  FIRST  SESSION. 

Congress  of  the  Usitki)  States, 

In  the  House  of  Representatives, 

June  24,  1882. 
Resolved,  By  the  House  of  Rupieseutativcs  (the  Senate  concurring)  that  there  be 
printed,  for  the  use  of  the  Department  of  Agriculture,  one  thousand  copies  of  a  special 
report,  entitled  "Bibliography  of  Economic  Entomology." 
Attest : 

Ewn.  McPherson, 
Clerk. 
Passed  the  Senate  July  i>,  18S-2. 

F.  E.  Shober, 

Acting  Sicrciartj. 
A  true  copy. 

EwD.  McPherson, 

Clerk. 


LETTER  OF  TRANSMITTAL. 


U.  S.  Department  of  AgtRiculture, 

Division  of  Entomology, 
Washington,  D.  C,  June  12,  1889. 
Sir  :  In  the  absence  of  Professor  Eiley,  who  is  now  at  the  Paris  Ex- 
position in  official  capacity,  I  beg  to  submit  for  publication  Parts  I,  II,  and 
III  of  the  Bibliography  of  American  Economic  Entomology,  which  was 
ordered  by  Congress  in  July,  1882.  Owing  to  various  unforeseen  delays 
this  work  has  not  yet  been  completed.  Its  preparation  was  originally 
assigned  by  Professor  Riley  to  Mr.  B.  Pickman  Mann,  formerly  of  this 
Division,  and  upon  the  severance  of  his  connection  with  the  Depart- 
ment, in  the  fall  of  1885,  it  was  turned  over  in  an  incomplete  and  frag- 
mentary condition  to  Mr.  Samuel  Henshaw,  of  Boston,  who  has  added 
greatly  to  it  and  practically  rewritten  the  portions  already  prepared. 

The  extent  of  the  work  renders  it  advisable  to  publish  it  in  several 
parts,  and  as  there  is  unquestionably  a  more  urgent  need  on  the  part  of 
working  economic  entomologists  for  a  bibliography  of  the  writings  of 
B.  D.  Walsh  and  C.  V.  Riley  than  of  others,  on  account  of  their  great 
number  and  value,  these  portions  have  been  finished  first.  Their  imme- 
diate publication  will  probably  antecede  the  publication  of  the  final  part 
only  by  a  few  months. 

Very  respectfully,  yours, 

L.  O.  Howard, 

Acting  Entomologist. 
Hon.  J.  M.  Rusk, 

Secretary  of  Agriculture. 


BiSGAfiBEB 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS  TO  PARTS  I,  II,  AND  III. 


Page. 

Introduction 7 

The  writingsof  B.  D.  Walsh  (1860-1873) • 9 

The  Joint  writings  of  B.  D.  Walsh  and  C.  Y.  Riley  (18G8-1869) 51 

The  writings  of  C.  V.  Riley  (1863-1888) 97 

Systematic  index  of  the  new  names: 

By  B.  D.  Walsh  and  by  Walsh  and  Riley 373 

By  C.  V.  Riley 377 

Index -  381 


INTRODUCTION  TO  PARTS  I,  II,  AND  III. 

The  object  of  the  present  lists  is  to  record  the  principal  entomolog- 
ical writings  of  B.  D.  Walsh  and  C.  V.  Riley.  Few  will  be  likely  to 
criticize  the  association  of  the  names  of  Walsh  and  Riley  in  a  list  of  this 
kind,  so  largely  devoted  to  economic  entomology,  or  to  question  the 
desirability  of  collating  their  writings  in  advance  of  others. 

As  recognized  authorities  upon  entomology,  especially  from  an 
economic  standpoint,  their  writings  have  been  extensively  quoted 
sometimes  with,  but  frequently  without,  credit  in  the  agricultural  and 
horticultural  journals  of  the  day.  These  secondary  references,  though 
of  a  certain  value  when  the  original  is  inaccessible,  have,  as  a  rule, 
been  omitted.  In  citing  such  as  are  given  I  have  used  my  personal 
judgment.  To  have  given  all  would  have  increased  the  size  of  the  list 
considerably  with  but  a  slight  increase  in  its  usefulness. 

Occasionally,  a  publisher  to  meet  some  popular  demand  puts  the 
writings  of  an  author  into  book  form  without  the  knowledge  of  the 
latter.  Such  an  occurrence  has  happened  more  than  once  with  Dr. 
Riley's  writings.  To  mention  but  one :  In  1877  Messrs.  George  Rut- 
ledge  &  Sons,  of  London,  published  "  The  Colorado  beetle,  with  sug- 
gestions for  its  repression  and  methods  of  destruction,"  with  Dr.  Riley's 
name  upon  the  title-page  as  author.  This  is  a  partial  reprint  of  Potato 
Pests  entirely  unsanctioned  and  published  without  knowledge  of  the  au- 
thor. (See  London  Times,  October  17,  1887.)  These  publishers'  re- 
prints are  omitted  from  this  list.  The  "  S.-b."  after  the  reference  of  many 
of  the  articles  from  the  agricultural  and  other  journals  refers  to  the 
series  of  scrap-books  used  in  divisional  work. 

A  biographical  sketch  of  Dr.  Walsh  is  given  in  the  second  volume  of 
the  American  Entomologist,  Vol.  II,  No.  3,  pp.  65-68,  January,  1870. 

The  chief  facts  in  Dr.  Riley's  life  may  be  found  in  the  "Common- 
wealth of  Missouri"  (1875)  and  the  I\'ational Farmer, Seittember 20, 1883. 

In  the  preparation  of  the  list  I  have  freely  used  all  data  accumulated 
by  the  Division,  notably  the  work  of  Mr.  B.  P.  Mann  and  a  private 
list  of  Dr.  Riley's. 

Many  persons,  both  within  and  without  the  Department,  have  kindly 
answered  my  inquiries. — S.  H. 

7 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  THE  MORE  IMPORTANT  CONTRIBUTIONS  TO 
AMERICAN  ECONOMIC  ENTOMOLOGY. 


THE  WRITINGS  OF  B.  D.  WALSH  (1860-1873). 


1.  Walsh,  B.  D.     Bark-lice.     <  Western  Eural.     S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  11. 

Habits  of  Lecanium  compared  with  Aspidiotas  l=^M!jtilaspls'\. 

2.  Walsh,  B.  D.    Entomological  notes.     <Prairie  Farmer,  17  May, 

1860,  [v.  21],  n.  s.,  v.  5,  pp.  308-309,  figs.    S.-b.  No.  1,  pp.  42-43. 

Notice  of  Coccus  harrisii  n.  sp.  l^^Chionaspis  furfuruii'\;  figure  of  its  scales; 
description  and  figure  of  Capaus  oblineatits  [_=^Lijgus  pratensis'l  infesting 
apple,  quince,  and  i>ear  trees  ;  figure  of  larva  case  and  imago  and  descrip- 
tion of  Phycita  nebulo  [=:Aeroba>iifi  indiginellal;  figures  of  imago  and  of  in- 
juries of  Amphiceriis  bicaudatus;  habits  of  the  same  and  of  Scoli/tus  l=:Xyle- 
boru8'\  pyri,  Saperda  hlvlttata  [=ca»(rf(V?fl]  and  Chrynohothris  femorata  ;  means 
against  the  last. 

3.  Walsh,  B.  D.     "Cutworms."     <Prairie  Farmer,  9  August,  1860, 

[v.  22],  u.  s.,  V.  6,  pp.  82-83,  fig.     S.-b.  No.  1,  pp.  84-85. 
Account  of   the  larvje  of  Lachnosterna   qnercina  [^/HscrtJ  of  Elaterida'  of 
AgrotidcB  and  of  Pangus  l^Hai'palua'l  caliginosm  ;  figures   of  larvte  and 
images  of  the  same  or  allied  species;  also  of  Reteronychus  [=Ltgij/r««] 
relictus,  Lopha  [^::=Bembidium'\  4-macidatum  and  Agonoderus  palUpes. 

4.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Ips  quadrisignatus,  Say.]     <Prairie  Farmer,  1860, 

[v.  22],  n.  s.,  V.  0,  p.  — .• 
Ips  A-signatua  l=^fasciatu8'\  attacks  growing  ears  of  sweet  corn. 

5.  Walsh,  B.  D.]    "Insect  Life."    <  Proc.  Agric.  Con  v.;  Ann.  meet- 

ing 111.  Nat.  Hist.  Soc;  Comm.  Exerc.  State  Normal  Univ. 
[Bloomington,  111.],  1860,  pp.  11-12. 
Report,  compiled  from  Chicago  papers  of  address  delivered  before  the  Illi- 
nois Natural  History  Society ;  comparison  between  injurious  insects  and 
an  invading  army;  necessity  of  appropriations  for  carrying  on  entomologi- 
cal work;  economic  entomology  iu  Europe;  importance  of  beneficial  in- 
sects. 

9 


10  .    BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

6.  Walsh,  B.  D.     lusects  injurious  to  vegetation  in  Illinois.     <  Trans. 

111.  State  Agric.  Soc,  September,  1861,  v.  4,  pp.  335-378,  figs. 
1-11.    Separate:  18G1,  43  pp.,  1  pi.     Reprint  in  part :  <  Trans. 
111.  ISat.  Hist.  Soc.,  V.  1.     Prairie  Farmer,  G  December,  1861, 
.  fv.  — ],  n.  s.,  V.  — ,  pp.  370-371. 

Ravages  of  injurious  insects;  enemies  of  the  same ;  notes  on  Cecidomyia  de- 
structor, Saperd0  bioittata  \_=^candida^,  Chrysobothris  femorata,  Conotravhelus 
nenuphar  and  Blissus  leucopterus ;  natural  history,  ravages  and  means 
against  Leucania  uuipuncta ;  figures  its  larva,  pupa  and  imago;  descrip- 
tions and  figures  primary  and  secondary  parasites  of  the  army- worm;  fig- 
ures Rippodamia  (=^ MegiUa)  maculata,  Coccinella  niunda  l^sanguinea']  and 
a  larval  coccinellid. 

7.  Walsh,  B.  D.    From  Benj.  D.  Walsb.     <  Illinois  Farmer,  October, 

1861. 

Denies  statement  attributed  by  C.  Thomas  (Illinois  Farmer,  September-, 
1861),  that  he  (Walsh)  believed  in  the  hibernation  of  the  pupa  of  Leucania 
unipuncta. 

8.  Walsh,  B.  D.    The  army-worm  question.     <  Prairie  Farmer,  5  De- 

cember, 1861,  [v.  24],  n.  s.,  v.  8-,  pp.  370-371.     S.-b.,  No.  4,  p.  22. 

Replies  to  arguments  of  C.  Thomas  (Prairie  Farmer,  1861,  v.  8,  pp.  306-307), 
on  the  hibernation  of  Leucania  unipuncta. 

9.  Walsh,  B.  D.    The  army-worm  question.     Mr.   Walsh's  reply. 

<  Field  I^^otes,  14  December,  1861. 

Controversial  answer  to  the  assertion  of  J.  H.  Klippart  (Field  Notes,  30  No- 
vember, 1861),  that  the  larvae  of  Leucania  unipuncta  are  viviparous. 

10.  Walsh,  B.  D.    The  army-worm  and  its  enemies.     <Prairie  Farm- 

er, 1861,  [v.  24],  n.  s.,v.  8,  p.  4.  Reprint:  <Trans.  111.  Nat. 
Hist.  Soc,  V.  1.  Prairie  Farmer,  6  December,  1861,  [v.  24],  n.  s., 
V.  8,  pp.  370-371. 

Popular  account  of  some  of  the  parasites  of  Leucania  unipuncta. 

11.  Walsh,  B.  D.    The  army-worm.     <Prairie  Farmer,  1861-,  [v.  24], 

n.  s.,  V.  8,  pp.  257-258.  Reprint:  <Trans.  111.  State  Agric. 
Soc,  1861,  V.  4,  pp.  373-375. 

Hibernation  of  the  egg ;  spring  burning  as  a  means  against  Lucania  unipuncta; 
description  of  Hockeria  [:=HaItichella]  perpulclira  n.  sp. ;  notes  on  other 
parasites. 

12.  Walsh,  B.  D.      The  army-worm  and  its  insect  foes.     <Prairie 

Farmer,  1861,  [v.  24 1,  n.  s.,  v.  8,  pp.  322-323;  337-339;  354- 
355. 

Habits  and  description  of  larva  and  imago  of  Leucania  unipuncta;  hiberna- 
tion of  the  egg;  figures  of  larva,  pupa  and  imago;  also  of  Exorista  \_=Ne- 
mouPM']  leucania',  Pezomachus  minimus,  Microgaster  l^=Apanteles'\  militaris, 
Hockeria  [==:ffai<tc/ieZ/a]  perpulchra  and  Glyphe  viridascens. 

13.  Walsh,  B.  D.    Bug  preying  on  honey-bee.     <Prairie  Farmer,  1861. 

S.-b.,  No.  4,  p.  7. 

Unknown  heteropteron,  said  to  prey  on  Apis  melHfica. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOG.i'.  11 

14.  Walsh,  B.  D.    The  pea  uud  its  iusect  foe.     <Prairie  Farmer,  18G1. 

S.b.,  No.  4,  p.  12. 

Uuknown  leaf-mijier  aud  leaf-eater  on  pea;  directions  for  rearing  insects. 

15.  Walsh,  B.  D.    The  grain  weevil.     <Joiirn.  111.  State  Agric.  Soc, 

January,  1862,  tig.     Reprint:  <Trans.  111.  State  Agric.  Soc.  v. 
5,  pp.  484-485. 
Sitophilus  [=  Calandra'\  remotepunctata  infests  w^at. 

16.  Walsh,   B.   D.     [Ithyceriis  noveboracensis.]^    <St.    Louis  Valley 

Farmer,  March,  1862,  v.  14,  pp.  82-85,  fig. 
Ithyceru.s  noveboracensis  attacks  twigs  of  fruit  trees  in  nurseries. 

17.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Army-worm.]     <St.  Louis  Valley  Farmer,  1862,  v. 

14,  p.  161. 

Correction  of  mistake  of  E.  S.  Washington  (St.  Louis  Valley  Farmer,  1862, 
V.  14,  p.  IGl),  who  mistook  parasitic  larvie  for  young  Leucania  anipuncta; 
economy  of  parasites  of  army-worm. 

18.  Walsh,  B.  D.      [Brachytarsus    variegatus.]      <Journ.   111.   State 

Agric.  Soc,  March,  1862,  pp.  8-12,  fig. 
Brachytarsus  variegatus  parasitic  (?)  on  a  large  orange-colored  cecidomyid  (?) 
larva  in  stems  of  wheat. 

19.  Walsh,  B.  D.     A  new  insect  in  wheat,  Bruchns.     <Journ.    111. 

State  Agric.  Soc,  April,  1862.     Reprint:  <Tran8.  111.  State 
Agric.  Soc,  V.  5,  pp.  485-490. 

20.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Two  apple-tree  borers.]     <Jouru.  111.  State  Agric. 

Soc,  June,  1862,  pp.  21-23. 
Treats  of  Chrysobothris  femorata  and  Saperda  bivittata  [=ra«rfjda]. 

21.  Walsh,  B.  B.   [Colorado  potato  beetle.]  <St.  Louis  Valley  Farmer, 

July,  1862,  pp.  209-210.    Reprint  (?) :    <Prairie  Farmer,  6  June, 
1863,  V.  — ,  p.  356,  fig. 

Doryphora  lO-lineaia  infests  egg  plants,  potato  and  tomato  vines,  etc.,  in 
Kansas  and  Iowa. 

22.  Walsh,  B.  D.     Fire-blight.    Two  new  foes  of  the  apple  and  pear. 

<Prairie  Farmer,  6  September,  1862,  [v.  26],  n.  s.,  v.  10,  pp. 

147-149,  fig.     Separate:  pp.4. 
Fire-blight   defined ;    probably  caused   by  attacks  of   Chloroneura   vialefica 

[^=Empoasca  viridescens'\  and  C.  maligna  [-=/!J.  obtnm'\  ;  characters,  habits, 

and  ravages  of  the  same:  synoptic  separation  of  .several  genera  of  Typhlo- 

cybini',  two  (2)  new  genera  and  thirteen  (13)  new  species  are  described. 

For  a  list  of  the  same  see  the  SyHtnnatic  Index.     The  figures  show  C.  male- 

fica  and  C.  maligna  aud  the  venation  of  allied  forms. 
(NoTK. — The  descriptive  portion  with  figures  is  reprinted  in  Proc.  Bost.  Soc. 

Nat.  Hist.,  February,  1864,  v.  9,  pp.  314-318.) 

23.  Walsh,  B.  D.     Plant  lice,  the  corn-root  louse,  a  new  enemy  to  the 

corn.     <Journ.  111.  State  Agric  Soc,  September,   1862,  pp. 
8-13,  fig.     Reprint :  <Trans.  111.  State  Agric.  Soc,  v.  5,  pp. 
491-497,  fig. 
Aphis  viaidis  (?)  infests  the  roots  of  young  Indian  corn  as  well  as  the  stems  of 
the  roasting  ears. 


12  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

24.  Walsh,  B.  D.    List  of  the  Pseudoneuroptera  of  Illinois  contained 

in  the  cabinet  of  the  writer,  with  descriptions  of  over  forty  new 
species,  and  notes  on  their  structural  affinities.  <Proc.  Acad 
Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  September,  1862,  pp.  361-402. 

One  hundred  and  niDe(109)  species  are  enumerated;  two  (2)  new  genera  and 
forty  (40)  new  species  are  described.  For  a  list  of  the  same  see  the  Sys- 
tematic In  Hex.      ^ 

25.  Walsh,  B.  T>.     [Erythroneura  trieincta  Fitch.]     <  St.  Louis  Valley 

Farmer,  October,  1862,  pp.  305-306,  fig. 

Erythroneura  [  =  Tyi)hlocyba'\  trieincta  on  grape-vines. 

26.  Walsh,  B.  D.    Grasshoppers  and  locusts.     <  Journ.   111.   State 

Agric.  Soc,  November,  1862,  pp.  1-3.  Reprint:  <  Trans.  Ilh 
State  Agric.  Soc,  v.  5,  pp.  497-499. 

Injuries  of  locusts  in  the  Mississippi  Valley ;  differences  between  locusts  and 
Cicadas. 

27.  Walsh,  B.D.    On  the  genera  of  Aj)/tM(c  found  in  the  United  States. 

<  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Phil.,  December,  1862,  v.  1,  pp.  294-311,  figs. 
1-8. 

Synoptic  separation  of  the  genera ;  list  of  seventy  (70)  species  found  in  the 
United  States,  with  food  habitat ;  Aphis  1= Nectar 02}hora]  rudheckiw  Fitch,  A. 
vitis  ?  Scoji.,  A.maidis  ?  Fitch,  Lachnus  caryce  Harris,  Thelaxes  l=^Colopha'\ 
uhnicola  Fitch  are  described ;  one  (I)  new  genus  and  eleven  (11)  new  species 
are  described ;  see  the  Systematic  Index  for  a  list  of  the  same  ;  the  figures 
show  venation  and  other  details.  Two  (2)  new  ants,  Formica  aphidicola  and 
F.  l=Lasius']  latipes,  are  described. 

28.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Observations  on  Papilio  glaucus  and  P.  turnus.] 

<  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Phil.,  February,  1863,  v.  1,  pp.  349-352. 

Reasons  for  considering  turnus  and  glaucus  identical;  the  latter  a  dimorphic 
9  of  the  former;  distribution  of  the  two  forms;  citation  of  similar  case 
among  Pierida;  and  of  analogous  one  among  Dytiscidw  ;  description  of  larva 
from  which  a  black  J'  was  raised. 

29.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Katydid  eggs.]     <  Prairie  Farmer,  28  February, 

1863,  [V.  27],  n.  s.,  v.  11,  p.  132,  fig. 
Oviposition  of  katydid  eggs  on  apple-twigs. 

30.  Walsh,  B.  D.     Fire-blight.     <  Prairie  Farmer,  4  April,  1863,  [v. 

27],  n.  s.,  V.  11,  p.  212,  fig.     S.-b.,  No.  1,  p.  10. 

Description  and  figures  of  eggs  of  Chloroneura  malefica  \_=Em2)oasca  viride- 
8cens'\  and  the  slits  in  which  they  are  deposited  in  apple-twigs;  cause  of 
fire-blight ;  suggestion  of  remedies. 

31.  Walsh,  B.  D.    Insects  injurious  to  fruit  trees.     <  Prairie  Farmer, 

2  May,  1863,  [v.  27],  n.  s.,v.  11,  p.  276,  fig.     S.-b.,  :So.  1,  p.  9. 
Fruit  and  foliage  of  pear-trees  destroyed  by  Capsus  oblineatm  \_=Lygus  pra- 
tensis']  ;  description  and  figure  of  imago ;  habits,  food-plants,  and  remedies. 

32.  Walsh,  B.  D.    The  ten-striped  spearman.     <  Prairie  Farmer,  6 

June,  1863,  [v.  27],  n.  s.,  v.  11,  p.  356,  fig.     S.-b.,  No.  1,  p.  7. 

History,  ravages,  aud  means  against  Doryphora  lO-Uneata  ;  figure  of  imago  ; 
mentions  other  injurious  Phytophaga. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  13 

33.  Walsh,  B.D.    The  plmn-gouger;  anew  foe  of  the  plum.     <  Prairie 

Fiirmer,  13  June,  18G3,  [v.  27],  n.  s.,  v.  11,  pp.  372-373,  ligs.  1-3. 
S.-b.,  No.  1,  p.  6. 
Habits,  description,  and  figures  of  Anthonomiix  1  prunicida  n.  sp.   [=  Cocco- 
tonin  scntellarin],  injurious  to  phitns;  couiparisou  with   Conotracht;! us  nenu- 
phar ;  figure  of  the  latter. 

34.  Walsh,  B.  D.    The  plum-gouger.     <  Prairie'Farmer,  11  July,  18G3, 

[v.  28J,  u.  s.,  V.  12,  p.  21,  2  figs.     S.-b.,  No.  1,  p.  10. 
Distributiou  and  ravages  of  AnthonomiiH  prunicida  l=:Corc()lorus  ncutellaris]  ; 
list  of  insects  found  on  plum-trees ;  description  of  Conotrachelun  puncticollia 
n.  ep.  [=C  geminatus'];  usefulness  of  Eeduvius  raptatcriua  l=Sinea  dia- 
denia'\  ;  figures  A.  prunicida  and  B.  raptutorius. 

35.  Walsh,  B.  D.     A  new  fruit  foe.     <  Prairie  Farmer,  18  July,  18G3, 

[v.  28],  n.  s.,  V.  12,  p.  37,  fig.     S.-b.,  No.  1.,  p.  11. 

Description  and  figure  of  imago  of  Epiccprus  imh-icatus  ;  injuries  to  fruit  trees 
and  gooseberry-bushes;  supposed  habits  of  this  and  allied  species  ;  hiber- 
nation of  the  larva  of  Conotraohelus  ;  description  of  C.  cratcegi  n.  sp. 

3G.  Walsh,  B.  D.     Leaf-hopper.     <  Prairie  Farmer,  25  July,  1863,  [v. 
28],  n.  s.,  V.  12,  p.  53. 
Proconia  [=  Oncometopia'\  undata  injurious  to  grape-vines  in  southern  Illinois; 
its  eggs  laid  in  twigs. 

37.  Walsh,  B.  D.     Locust  borers.     <  Prairie  Farmer,  15  August,  1863, 

[v.  28],  n.  s.,  V.  12,  p.  101.    S.-b.,  No.  1,  p.  12. 

Description  and  habits  of  Clytus  [=  CyUene}  rohinm;  C!)jtus  of  Carya  does  not 
attack  Eobinia  ;  Cossus  rohiniw  mentioned  ;  larvae  and  imagos  of  XitiduUdce 
found  under  decaying  bark. 

38.  Walsh,  B.  D.     Insect  friends  and  insect  foes.    The  twice-stabbed 

lady-bird.  <  Prairie  Farmer,  1863,  [v.  28],  n.  s.,  v.  12;  22  Au- 
gust, p.  117,  figs.  1, 2 ;  29  August,  p.  133,  figs.  3,  4.  S.-b.,  No.  1, 
pp.  11-12. 
Description  and  figure  of  imago  of  Chilocorua  bivulnerua  ;  figure  of  larva;  de- 
struction of  injurious  insects  by  predaceous  insects;  brief  description  of 
and  means  against  Lytta  cinerea  \_=  Macrohanis  unicolor'\,  found  on  potato, 
English  bean,  and  apple,  and  L.  [_^Epicauta'\  vittata,  on  potato ;  figures  Lyita 
atrata  l=£picauia  pennsylvanica},  found  onaster  and  potato,  and  larva-cases 
of  Solenobia  sp.  from  under  bark  of  apple-trees ;  note  on  allies  of  Solenohia. 

39.  Walsh,  B,  D.     Observations  on  certain  N.  xV.  Neuroptera,  by  H. 

Hagen,  M.  D.,  of  Koeuigsberg,  Prussia ;  translated  from  the  orig- 
inal French  MS.,  and  published  by  permission  of  the  author,  with 
notes  and  descriptions  of  about  twenty  new  N.  A.  species  of 
Pseudoneuroptera.  <Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Phil.,  October,  1863,  v. 
2,  pp.  167-272,  fig. 
Dr.  Hagen's  comments  relate  to  the  species  described  in  No.  24  ;  the  author's 
•  notes  supplement  these  and  describe  three  (3)  new  geuera  and  twenty-three 

(23)  new  species  ;  for  a  list  of  these,  see  the  Systematic  Index;  descriptions 
of  previously  described  species,  with  notes  on  their  habits,  distribution, 
etc.,  are  also  given;  Beetis  interlineata  l=:Siphlurus  femoratua]  is  proposed 


14  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

39.  Walsh,  B.  D.— Continued. 

(p.  190)  iu  case  B.  [=aS'.J  /emorft/a  Walsh  is  distinct  from  B.  \^^  S.'\  fentorata 
Say ;  in  a  note  (p.  255)  OpMogomphus  mainensis  n.  sp.  is  described  from 
Packard's  manuscript;  the  venation  of  the  Odonata  and  the  terminal  ab- 
dominal characters  of  Sialia  infumata  are  figured. 

40.  Walsh,  B.  D.     On  certain  remarkable  or  exceptional  larvte,  coleop- 

terous, lepidopterous,  and  dipterous,  with  descriptions  of  sev- 
eral new  genera  and  species,  and  of  several  species  injurious  to 
vegetation,  which  have  been  already  published  in  agricultural 
journals.  <Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  February,  1864,  v.  9, 
pp.  286-318. 
Habits  of  the  larva  of  Coialpa  lanigera,  Pelidnota punctata,  Cratonychus  [=  Me- 
lanotus'\  incertus,  and  Xyloryctes  satyrus  ;  comparative  characters  of  the  larva 
and  imago  of  Halisidota  antipkoJa  n.  sp.  [^  iessellaris']  ;  description  of  larva, 
pupa,  and  imago  of  Sphingicampa  (n.  g.)  distigma  n.  sp.  l^hicolorl ;  char- 
acters and  affinities  of  Dryocampa  [=;  Sphingicampa']  bicolor  f ;  description  of 
imagos  of  Limacodes  scapha  and  L.  ?  [=  Phobetron]  hyalimis  n.  sp.,  and  of 
larva  of  the  last  and  L.  f  [=  Phobetron?']  tetradactylus  n.  sp. ;  description  of 
the  larva,  pupa,  and  imago  oi  HlpparcMscus  u.  g.  venustits  n.  sp.  \_^=^Aplodes 
mimosaria];  habits  and  description  of  the  larva  of  an  undetermined  Taba- 
nus,  description  of  the  pupa;  description  of  the  larva,  pupa,  and  imago  of 
Midas  fulvipes  n.  sp.,  habits  of  its  larva.  On  pp.  309-318  descriptions  of 
several  new  species,  with  brief  notes  of  food-habits,  etc.,  are  reprinted  from 
various  agricultural  journals. 

41.  Walsh,  B.  D.    On  dimori)liism  in  the  hymenopterous  genus  Cynips', 

with  an  appendix  containing  hints  for  a  new  classification  of 
Cynipidce  and  a  list  of  Cynipidcc,  including  descriptions  of  sev- 
eral new  species,  inhabiting  the  oak-g^lls  of  Illinois.  <Proc. 
Ent.  Soc.  Phil,  March,  1864,  v.  2,  pp.  443-500,  fig. 

Detailed  observations  proving  the  frequent  occurrence  of  dimorphism  in  the 
Cynijjidw;  Cynips  {_=^  Amphiholips]  aciculata,  a  dimorphic  form  of  C.  q. 
spongifica;  concludes  from  analogy  "  that  acicw/ato  9  generates  galls  which 
produce  by  parthenogenesis  $  sj>OH(/(^ca  exclusively,  and  that  $  9  spongi- 
fica coupling  in  June  with  these  $  $  oVip6sit  in  the  same  month  in  the 
young  buds  of  the  oak,  the  eggs  lying  dormant  till  the  following  spring, 
Avhen  some  of  the  eggs  produce  9  spongifica  in  June,  and  sontie  9  aciculata 
in  the  autumn  or  early  in  the  following  sj^ring,  which  last  in  their  turn,  as 
before  mentioned,  generate  $  spongifica  to  appear  in  the  following  June;" 
interesting  details  concerning  the  history  of  the  group  are  given;  relations 
between  the  true  gall-flies  {Psenides)  and  parasitic  Cynipidce  {Inquilince)', 
classification  and  characters  of  the  same ;  auatoniical  structure  and  homolo- 
gies of  the  family;  the  list  includes  fifteen  (15)  species  inhabiting  the 
various  oaks,  with  descriptions  of  their  galls  aud  of  several  new  species; 
seven  (7)  species  of  Inquilina;  are  described;  for  the  new  species,  see  the 
Systematic  Index ;  the  figures  illustrate  the  anatomy  of  the  abdomen  and 
ovipositor. 

42.  Walsh,  B.  T>.    The  four-humped  Curculio.    A  new-  foe  of  the  ap- 

ple. <Valley  Farmer.  Beprint :  <Prairie  Farmer,  27  August, 
1864,  [v.  30],  n.  s.,  v.  14,  p.  131,  2  figs.     S.-b.,  No.  1,  p.  28. 

Descrii)tion  and  figures  of  Anthononms  quadrigihbus,  a  foe  of  the  apple;  com- 
parison with  Conotrachclus  nenuphar  and  Anthonomus  prurAcida  [=  Cocco- 
torus  scuteUaris]. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  15 

43.  Walsh,  B.  D.    Ou  the  pupa  of  the  ephemeriuous  genus  Bcvtisca 

Walsh.     <Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Phil.,  August,  1864,  v.  3,  pp.  200- 
206,  fig. 
Description  and  figures  of  the  pupa  of  liatiaca  obexa  Hay. 

44.  Walsh,  B.  D.    On  certain  entomological  speculations  of  the  New 

England  school  of  naturalists.  <  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Phil.,  Au- 
gust-September, 1864,  V.  3,  pp.  207-249. 

Discussion  of  statements,  chiefly  by  Prof.  L.  Agassiz,  upon  questions  in  gen- 
eral entomology.  The  memoir  is  divided  into  sections  ;  in  the  first,  the  dis- 
tribution of  insects  in  North  America  is  discussed  in  opposition  to  the 
views  of  Agassiz  ;  in  the  second  section  the  Darwinian  theory  of  the  origin 
of  species  is  discussed  and  some  remarks  on  the  variation  of  several  species 
are  added;  in  the  third  and  fourth  sections  the  statements  of  Prof.  Agas- 
siz regarding  the  worm-like  larva  stage  of  insects  and  the  resemblances 
between  the  pupa?  of  insects  and  the  Crustacea  are  discussed  and  criticised; 
in  the  fifth  section  the  author  argues  that  the  relative  rank  of  the  diflfer- 
ent  orders  of  insects  must  be  determined  from  a  consideration  of  all  the 
characters  of  each  order  and  not  from  the  significance  of  any  one  character ; 
the  sixth  section  is  a  review  of  Dana's  classification  of  insects  on  the  prin- 
ciple of  cephalization  ;  and  in  the  seventh  section  several  erroneous  state- 
ments and  generalizations  in  the  same  author's  paper  on  classification  are 
pointed  out. 

45.  Walsh,  B,  D.    On  phytophagic  varieties  and  phytophagic  species. 

<Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Phil.,  i^ovember,  1864,  v.  3,  pp.  403-430. 

Many  species  feed  exclusively  upon  a  single  food-plant,  while  other  species 
feed  upon  many  kinds;  correlated  with  this  are  certain  larval  or  imag- 
inal  difi'erences :  when  these  different  forms  interbreed  they  are  considered 
the  same  species  and  are  termed  phytophagic  varieties ;  these  when  sepa- 
rated with  a  single  kind  of  food-plant  form  phytophagic  races,  and  these 
again  by  a  continuation  of  their  isolation  form  phytophagic  species.  Phy- 
tophagous forms  are  most  abundant  where  the  imago  is  wingless.  Dia- 
pheromera  velii,  Timjis  {_=Garga2)hia']  illia;  and  T.  [;=;(7.]  amorpho!  are 
described  as  new  ;  the  following  are  mentioned  in  the  remarks  upon  siiecies 
and  varieties:  Haltica  [_=  Disonycha']  alternata,  Chrysomela  scalaria,  Clytua 
[^  Cyllene']  rohinice,  C.  [=C.  J  pictus,  Dryocampa  [=  Sphingicampal  hicolor, 
Sphivgicamjya  distigma  [=  hicolor^,  Bomhyx  [=  Sericaria'}  mori,  Halisidota 
teaseJlaris,  H  caryce,  H.  antiphola  [=  teasellarisl,  Cynips  \_^  AmphiboUpa]  g. 
spongifica,  C.  \_-=  Andricual  q. punctata,  C.  [=  J.]  q.  2>odagra;,  and  C.  [=^m- 
phiboUjJs']  q.  inaniH. 

46.  Walsh,  B.  D.    On  the  insects,  coleopterous,  hymenopterous,  and 

dipterous,  inhabiting  the  galls  of  certain  species  of  willow. 
Part  1st— Diptera.  <Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Phil.,  December,  1864, 
V.  3,  pp.  543-044. 

Structural  characters,  habits,  metamorphoses,  etc.,  of  Ceeidomyidfr  ;  remarks 
on  the  unity  of  habits  in  genera ;  synopsis  of  cecidomyidous  galls  of  Salix  ; 
descriptions  of  new  species,  their  galls  and  in((uilines ;  for  a  list  of  the  aew 
species,  see  the  Systematic  Index.     See  No.  197  for  Part  2d. 

47.  W^ALSH,  B.  D.     The  borer.     <Colman's  Eural  World.     Reprint; 

<Prairie  F'armer,  G  May,  1865,  v.  15,  p.  ^Ho. 

Notice  of  soap  as  a  means  against  borers. 


K;  lilBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

48.  Walsh,  B.  D.   The  new  potato-bug  and  its  natural  hiscory.   <Pract. 

Eut.,  30  October,  1865,  v.  1,  pp.  1-4. 
Record  of  the  spread  eastwards  of  Doi-yp^ora  W-lineata;  description  of  the 
ejrg ;  food-plants,  enemies,  and  means  against  the  same  ;  comparative  char- 
acters of  D.juncta  and  V.  10-Uneata  ;  species  of  Meloidw  injurious  to  the 
potato. 

49.  [Walsh,  B.D.]    The  joint- worm.   <Pract.  Ent.,  27  November,  1865, 

V.  1,  pp.  11, 12. 

Reasons  for  disbelieving  that  the  joint-worm  is  the  larva  of  one  of  the  Chal- 
cididce. 

50.  Walsh,  B.  D.     On  phytophagic  varieties  and  phytophagic  species, 

with  remarks  on  the  unity  of  coloration  in  insects.  <Proc. 
Ent.  Soc.  riiil.,  November-December,  1865,  v.  5,  pp.  194-216, 
fig.  See  :  <Amer.  Journ.  Sci.,  September,  1865,  ser.  2,  v.  40, 
pp.  282-284.  <Ann.  and  Mag.  Nat.  Hist.,  November,  1865, 
ser.  3,  V.  16,  pp.  383,  384. 
Argues  for  the  origin  of  races  and  species  by  phytophagic  isolation  ;  refers  to 
Datana  ministra,  D.  contracta,  HalisidotatesseUaris,  H.  antiphola  \_—  H.  teasel- 
lari8'\,  n.  harrisil  [=  H.  tessellaris],  Arhopalus  I—  Cyllene'\  pictus,  A.  [=  C] 
robiniw,  A.  infaustiis  [=C.  decorws],  CalUdiuvi  aiitennatum,  C.  janthinum, 
Conotrachelm  nenuphar,  Doryplwra  10-lineata,  and  D.  juncta ;  unity  of  color- 
ation explained  by  assumption  of  a  genetic  connection  between  various 
species;  figure  showing  bulla;  on  wing  o{ Ichneumon. 

51.  W[ALSH],  B.D.     [Cicada  years.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  25  December,  1865, 

V.  1,  pp.  18-19. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  M.  S.  Hill;   Cicada   districts  of  the   United   States, 
as  given  by  Fitch  in  N.  Y.  Rept.  I,  p.  39;  habits  of  C.  [=  Tihiceii'\  septen- 
decim, 

52.  Walsh,  B.  D.     Insects  injurious  to  vegetation  in  Illinois.   <Tran8. 

111.  State  Agric.  Soc,  1865,  v.  5,  pp.  469-483,  figs. 

Notes  on  injurious  insects  in  Illinois  in   1861;    life-history  and  ravages  of 
Leuca7iia  unipimcta. 

53.  Walsh,  B.  D.     The  "Thrips"  of  the  vine-growers.     What  is  it? 

<Pract.  Ent.,  25  December,  1865,  v.  1,  pp.  20-21. 
The   ThripH  of  fruit-growers  probably  not   a  true    Thrips;    food-habits  of 
Thrip.i. 

54.  Walsh,  B.  D.    The  grub-worm.     <Colman's  Rural  World,  Decem- 

ber, 1865.     S.-b.,  No.  1,  p.  51. 

Habits,  ravages,  and  means  against  Laehnosternaquercina  [=/«sca]  ;  its  larva 
compared  with  that  of  LigyruH  relictus ;  vernacular  names  of  the  Lach- 
nostcrna  and  of  Allorhina  nitida. 

55.  Walsh,  B.  D.     Borers.     <Pract.  Ent.,  29  January,  1866,  v.  1,  pp. 

25-31,  figs.  1-8. 

Remarks  on  the  name  "borer;"  figures,  natural  history,  and  means  against 
Saperda  hivittata  \_^^  candidal,  Chri/sohothris  femorata,  Bostrichus  l=z  Amphi- 
cerus}  hicaudatm,  Jifjeria  \_==^  Sannina]  exitiosa,  A.  tipuUformis,  Clytiis  l=Cyl- 
lene']  robinia;  C.  [=C]  pictus,  and  Ccrasphorus  [=  C/ito»]  cinctus;  need  of 
State  aid  against  injurious  insects. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  17 

56.  [Walsh,  B.  D.|     [Attagemisf  injuring  feathers.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  26 

Februar}-,  1800,  v.  1,  p.  34. 
Auswer  to  iiuiuiry  of  I\.  Paruell ;  ravages  of  and  iiicaiiH  against  Dermestidce. 

57.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Codling    motb.J     <Pract.    Ent.,  2G  February, 

ISGG,  V.  1,  p.  34. 
Auswer  to  iniiuiiy  of  Isaac  Hicks;  uatural  history  and  means  against  C'ar- 
pocapaa  pomonella. 

58.  [Walsh,  B.  D.J     [Apliididcc]     <Pract.  Ent.,  26  February,  1866,  v. 

1,  p.  34. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  H.  Foster,  jr. ;  coraparative  characters  of  Erioaoma 
\^=  Scliizoneura \  lanigera  and  Pemphujnis  pijri  l=SchizoneHra  lanigej'a']. 

59.  [Walsh,  B.  D.J     [Mites  mistaken  for  plant-lice.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  20 

February,  1866,  v.  1,  p.  34. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  M.  Smith  ;  distinctive  characters  of  Insecta  and 
Arachuida  ;  description  and  habitat  of  the  eggs  of  Aphii  malt. 

60.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Saddle- back  caterpillar.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  20  Feb- 

ruary, 1806,  V.  1,  p.  34. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  1'.  M. ;  description  of  the  larva  and  imago  of  Emprelia 
stimulea  ;  urticating  properties  of  the  larva. 

61.  W[alshJ,  B.  D.     [Red-humped  prominent.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  20  Feb- 

ruary, 1806,  V.  1,  p.  35. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  D.  Wright;  life-habits  of  Noiodonta  [=  (Edema8ia'\ 
concinna. 

62.  Walsh,  B.  D.     The  joint-worm.     <Pract.  Ent.,  20  February,  1866, 

V.  1,  pp.  37-38. 
Habitats  of  the  larva  of  Cecidomyia  destructor  and  of  Bury totna  sp. ;  criticism 
of  A.  Fitch's  report  upon  the  latter. 

63.  W[alsh,  B.  D.].     Entomology  all  a  humbug.    <Pract.  Ent.,  26  Feb- 

ruary, 1866,  V.  1,  p.  39. 
Fewness  of  entomologists  and  the  multiplicity  of  their  duties  the  reason  why 
so  little  has  been  effected  against  noxious  insects. 

64.  W[alsh],  B.  D.     [Cocoons  of  Ichueumon-liies.J     <Pract.  Ent.,  26 

March,  1806,  v.  1,  p.  46. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  M.  S.  Hill;  life-habits  of  the  Microgasters. 

65.  W[ALSH],  B.  D.     [Mass  of  eggs.]     <Pract.  Ent,  20  March,  1866,  v. 

1,  p.  46. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  R.  Payne ;    characters   and   life-habits   of   Orgyia 
leucostigma. 

66.  [Walsh,  B.D.]     [Apple- tree  caterpillar;  parasites.]    <Pract.  Ent, 

26  March,  1860,  v.  1,  p.  46. 
Answer  to  inquiries  of  G.  E.  Brackett ;  food-plants  of  Vliaiocampa  americana  ; 
charact«rs  and  habits  of  Tachinida  ;  habits  of  secondary  parasites. 

67.  W[ALSH],  B.  D.     Apple-tree  borers.     <Pract  Ent.,  26  March,  1866, 

V.  1,  p.  47. 
Reprint,  with  remarks,  of  "Apple-tree  borers"  (Journ.  of  Commerce);  ex- 
tract from  A.  Fitch,  of  larval  habits  of  Saperda  bivitlala  [=  Candida'}. 

Sent 


18  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

68.  Walsh,  B.  D.    The  white  grub.     <Pract.  Ent.,  30  April,  186C,  v. 

1,  pp.  GO-62. 
Descriptions  and  habits  of  the  larval  states  of  Lachnosierna  quercina  l=^fusca-\ 
and  Ligyrus  relictus ;    ravages  and  food-habits  of  the  former;  the  hog  as  a 
white-grub  destroyer. 

69.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Apple-tree  scales.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  30  April,  1866, 

V.  1,  p.  64. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  L.  S.  Pennington;  descriptions  and  ravages  o{ Mytilaspis 
pomoru)n  and  Chloiiaspis  furfurus;  Cocci nellidw  as  a  means  against  the 
former  ;  petroleum  as  a  remedy  against  bark-lice. 

70.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Clothes-moths.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  30  April  1866,  v. 

1,  p.  64. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  Canby;  habits  and  means  against  Tineidw. 

71.  Walsh,  B.  D.    [Poplar  borer.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  30  April,  1866,  v.  1, 

p.  64. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  P.  C.  Truman;  larva  and  imago  of  Saperda  calcaraia 
infesting  cottouwood. 

72.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Worms  in  flour  and  rye.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  30  April, 

1866,  V.  1,  p.  64. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  L.  D.  Hunt;  descriptions  and  habits  of  Tenebrio  molitor 
and  Dermestes  lardarius. 

73.  Walsh,  B.  D.    Popular  remedies  for  noxious  insects.     <Pract. 

Ent.,  28  May,  1866,  v.  1,  pp.  71-74. 
Criticism  of  various  worthless  remedies  against  injurious  insects. 

74.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Serica  iricolor  Say.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  28  May,  1866, 

V.  1,  p.  77. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  B.  F.  Seibert ;  description,  ravages,  and  habitat  of 
Serica  iricolor. 

75.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Measuring- worms.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  28  May,  1866, 

V.  1,  p.  77. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  Siveter;  habits  of  Ennomoa  magnaria  \_=::alniaria'\ ; 
food-phiuts,  habits,  and  means  against  E.  [=::  Eudalimia~i  subsiguaria  and. 
Anisoptenjx  \_=.Palcacrita'^  ventata. 

76.  Walsh,  B.  D.     \Lygiis  pratensis.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  25  May,  1866,  v. 

1,  pp.  77-78. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  B.  Howarth;  habits  and  odors  of  Lijgus  pratensis  ; 
changes  insects  pass  through. 

77.  Walsh,  B.  D.    [Apple-tree  insects.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  28  May,  1866, 

V.  1,  p.  78. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  Cooke;  an  unnamed  tineid  moth  raised  from  cocoons 
off  twigs  of  apple-tree  ;  Hemiteles  sp.  and  Mici-ogaster  sp.  bred  from  cocoons 
attached  to  eggs  of  CUaiocampa  americana. 

78.  Walsh,  B.D.     [Destructive  currant- worm. J     <Pract.Ent.,28May, 

1806,  V.  1,  p.  78. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  M.  Smith;  cocoon  and  sexual  characters  of  Xematua 
ribis  1=^  ribeaii']. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  19 

79.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Ej?g  slits  made  by  Uonioptera.]     <Pract.  Ent., 

28  May,  18G6,  v.  1,  p.  78. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  Dadant;  slits  in  poar-twigs  caused  Ijy  Chloroneura 
malefica  [  =  Empoaaca  viridescens']  ;  Proconia  [=  OncomelojJia']  undata  oviposits 
in  grape-viucs. 

80.  Walsh,  B.  D.    [Plaut-lice.J     <Pract.  Ent.,  28  May,  1866,  v.  1,  p. 

78. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Flonrnoy ;  characters,  habits,  enemies,  and  moana 
against  Jphidido'. 

81.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Insects  injuring-  plum-trees.]     <Pract.  Ent,  28 

May,  1866,  t.  1,  p.  78. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  C.  Hammond;  JEgeria  [^^Sannina]  ejcitiom  and  an 
elaterid  larva  attacking  plum-trees;  the  latter  probably  attracted  by  de- 
cayed matter,  the  work  of  the  peach  borer. 

82.  Walsh,  B.  D.     Prof.  Dana  and  his  entomological  speculations. 

<Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  PhiL,  May-June,  1866,  v.  6,  pp.  116-121. 

Rejoinder  to  J.  D.  Dana's  reply  to  criticism  upon  the  classification  of  insects. 

83.  Walsh,  B.  D.    Clover- worms.     <Pract.  Ent.,  25  June,  1866,  v.  1, 

pp.  82-83. 

Summary  of  published  observations  ooncerning  Asopia  costulis  ;  points  which 
need  explanation  ;  probable  remedy. 

84.  Walsh,  B.  D.    Click-beetles.     <Pract.  Ent.,  25  June,  1866,  v.  1, 

p.  83. 

Note  toW.'s  "Click-beetles;"  snapping  of  Elateridw ;  Jaeger's  Life  of  N.  Am, 
Insects  and  Emmons'  N.  Y.  Report  unreliable. 

85.  Walsh,  B.  D.     Cut- worms.    <Pract.  Ent.,  25  June,  1866,  v.  1,  pp. 

85-86. 

Definition,  food-habits,  and  means  against  cut-worms ;  climbing  habits ;  cut- 
worms in  California.    See  Nos.  229,  281. 

86.  Walsh,  B.D.     The  canker-worm.     Finding  a  mare's  nest.     <Pract. 

Ent.,  25  June,  1866,  v.  1,  p.  87. 

Criticism  of  communication  in  Western  Rural ;  improbability  of  the  report 
that  Anxsopteryx  [^^=  Paleacr\ta'\  vernata  deposits  her  eggs  on  the  ground. 

87.  Walsh,  B.  D.     Driving  nails  into  fruit  trees.     <Pract.  Ent.,  25 

June,  1866,  v.  1,  pp.  87-88. 

Uselessness  of  nails  as  a  means  against  borers ;  extracts  from  various  sources, 
with  comments. 

88.  Walsh,  B.  D.    The  new  potato-bug.     <Pract.  Ent.,  25  June,  1866, 

V.  1,  pp.  88-89. 
Rdcords  Doryphora  lO-Uneata  at  Bloomington  and  Athens,  HI.  ;  rate  of  its 
eastern  progress  ;  need  of  legislative  action  against  injurions  insects. 

89.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [The  painted  borer.J     <Pract.  Ent.,  25  June,  1866, 

V.  1,  p.  89.     ■ 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  C.  Wright;  sexual  difference  in  the  antenna?  of  Cli/' 
tu8  [^  Ci/llene'\  pictu9  bred  from  hickory. 


20  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

90.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Bu^  allied  to  the  chincb-bag.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  25 

Juue,  18GG,  V.  1,  p.  89. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  B.  Howarth ;  comparative  characters  of  Blissus  leu- 
copteruH  and  an  unnamed  lygteid  of  similar  habits. 

91.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Canker-worms.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  25  June,  186G,  v.  1, 

p.  89. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  H.  W.  Wood;  means  against  Anisopteryx. 

92.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Apple-tree  tiueid.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  25  June,  1866,  v. 

1,  p.  89. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  Cooke  ;  food-plant  o{  Bucculalrix  pomifoUella. 

93.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Spittle  insect.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  25  June,  1866,  v.  1, 

p.  89. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  M.  V.  B.  Hathaway  ;  life-habits  of  species  of  Aphro- 
phora. 

94.  Walsh,  B.  D.    [Insects  named.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  25  June,  1866,  v.  1, 

p.  89. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  Hall;  occurrence  of  Dort/i>hora  lO-lineata  at  Athens, 
111. ;  Hippodamia  \_—  MegilW]  maculata  devours  the  eggs  of  the  same:  two 
species  of  Cansida  aflect  the  sweet-potato. 

95.  Walsh,  B.  D.    [Longicorn  borers.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  25  June,  1866, 

V.  1,  p.  90. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  Dr.  Trimble;  food-habits  of  Orthosoma  ci/lindricum, 
1=  hninneitm'],  Prionus  laticollis,  and  P.  imbricoriiis. 

96.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Canker-worms.  1    <Pract.  Ent.,  25  Juue,  1866,  v.  1, 

p.  90. 

Answer  to  in(iuiry  of  F.  K.  Phoenix;  season  of  ovipositiou  o{  Anisopteryx. 

97.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [White-pine  scale.]     <Piact.  Ent.,  25  Juue,  1866, 

V.  1,  p.  90. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  Shimer;  Aspidiotus  [-=  Chionaspisi  pinifolii  infesting 
Pinus  sti-obita. 

98.  Walsh,  B.  D.    Doctors  differ.    <Pract.  Eut.,  30  July,  1866,  v.  1, 

p.  96. 

Criticism  of  communications  in  agricultural  papers  ;  tanners' oil  injurious  to 
trees  ;  sulphur  plugged  in  trees  does  not  protect  the  leaves ;  sheep  in  an 
orchard  do  not  keep  away  Conotrachelus  nenuphar. 

99.  Walsh,  B.  D.    The  grain  plant-louse.    <Pract.  Ent.,  30  July,  1866, 

V.  1,  pp.  96-97. 

The  insect  attacking  small  grains  in  Georgia  is  iirobably  a  plant-louse. 

100.  Walsh,  B.  D.    Popular  names  for  insects.     <Pract.  Ent.,  30  July, 

1866,  V.  1,  p.  97. 

The  use  of  the  same  vernacular  name  for  different  insects  causes  uncertainty 
in  identifying  and  in  suggesting  means  against  injurious  insects. 

101.  Walsh,  B.  D.    Scientific  names.    <Pract.  Eut.,  30  July,  X§66,  v, 

1,  pp.  97-^99. 
Jixplaioi}  tb§  ftec§88it,y  of  using  Lq-tin  foy  §cieRtitte  n^ojes, 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  21 

102.  Walsh,  B.  D.    [Grape-viue  iusects.J     <Pract.  Eiit.,  30  July,  186G, 

V.  1,  pp.  09-100. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  S.  Jackson  ;  habits  of  an  undescribed  ii'idia;  injuries 
to  vines  l)y  plant-louse  {Aplih  vitisf);  enemies  of  Jjihididw. 

103.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Wire-worms.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  30  July,  18GG,  v.  1, 

p.  100. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  D.  Cbesebro  ;  summer  fallowing  as  a  means  against 
wire-worms. 

104.  Walsh,  B.  D.    [Bark  lice.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  30  July,  18G6,  v.  1,  p. 

100. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  L.  E.  Harmon ;  life-history  and  means  against  Coccidce. 

105.  Walsh,  B.  D.    [Tortoise  beetles.]     <Praet.  Ent.,  30  July,  18G6,  v. 

1,  p.  100. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  K.  Yaut:  food-plants  and  larval  habits  of  Cassididw. 

106.  Walsh,  B,  D.     [Grape  bark-louse. j     <Pract.  Ent.,  30  July,  1866, 

V.  1,  p.  100. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Bird  ;  description  aud  ravages  of  Lecanium  [=PmI- 
vinaria'\  vitis. 

107.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Plum  bark-louse.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  30  July,  1866, 

V.  1,  p.  100. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  O.  B.  Douglas ;  description  of  Lecanium  sp. 

108.  Walsh,  B.  D.  '  [Saw-tiy  eggs.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  30  July,  186G,  v.  1, 

p.  100. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  L.  D.  Morse ;  position  of  saw-fly  eggs  on  oak-leaf; 
characters  of  the  larvic  of  Tenthriditiida\ 

109.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Wheat  midge.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  30  July,  1866,  v. 

1,  p.  101. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  R.  F. ;  ravages,  description,  habits,  and  means  against 
Cecidomyia  [=Dip1oi)is'\  tritici. 

110.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Wheat  midge.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  30  July,  18GG,  v. 

1,  p.  101. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  M.  H.  Boye ;  Cecidomyia  [=Z>jj;/osi»J  triiici  not  infre- 
quently passes  from  larval  to  imaginal  state  in  the  same  season;  means 
against  the  same. 

111.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Grape  galls.]     <Pra€t.  Ent.,  30  July,  186G,  v.  1, 

]).  101. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  11.  Foster,  jr. ;  description  of  the  galls  and  larvje  of 
Cecidomyido'. 

112.  Walsh.  B.  D.   [Apple-tree  web-caterpillar.]   <Pract.  Ent.,  30  July, 

186G,  V.  1,  p.  101. 
Answer  to  iniiuiry  of  Marion  Hobart;  description  of  the  eggs  of  Cliiiocampa 
amei-icatia  ;  food-plants  of  the  same  and  of  Hyphaiitria  textor  [=  cunea}. 


22  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

113.  Walsh,  B.D.     [Grape-vine  beetles.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  30  July,  1866, 

V.  1,  p.  101. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  M.  S.  Hill ;  food-habits  of  the  larva  and  imago  of  Pelid- 
nota  punctata  and  of  Anomala  lucicola. 

114.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Bot  flies.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  30  July,  1866,  v.  1,  p. 

102. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  B.  Fisher;  habits  and  hosts  of  several  species  of 
(Estridce  ;  parasite  infesting  Triplax  [—  Tritoma'\  thoracica.     See  No.  153. 

115.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Spruce-tree  saw-flies.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  30  July, 

1866,  V.  1,  p.  102. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Barratt;  description  of  cocoon  and  imago  of  LopTiy- 
rus  ahietin ;  means  against  the  same.     See  Pract. -Ent.,  v.  1,  p.  114. 

116.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Stings  of  insects.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  30  July,  1866, 

V.  1,  p.  102. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  O.  Brickman ;  effects  of  the  stings  of  bees  and  other 
insects. 

117.  Walsh,  B.  D.    [Blackberry  scale.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  30  July,  1866, 

V.  1,  p.  102. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  E.  Brackett ;  characters  of  Lecanium  sp.  infesting 
blackberry. 

118.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Eggs  in  sumach.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  30  July,  1866, 

V.  1,  p.  102. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  M.  Smith ;  eggs  of  Orchelimum  sp.?  or  Xiphidium  sp.f 
in  pith  of  sumach. 

119.  W[ALSHJ,  B.  D.    The  "  new  potato-bug  "  in  Maine.     <Pract.  Ent., 

27  August,  1866,  v.  l,.p,  105. 
Extract  from  Maine  Farmer,  26  July,  1866,  with  comments;   the  larva  of 
Lema  trilineaia  mistaken  for  that  of  Dorijphora  lO-lineata. 

120.  Walsh,  B.   D.     [The  army-worm.]     <Pract.   Ent.,   27  August, 

1866,  V.  1,  p.  107. 
Extract  from  Western  Rural,  21  July,  1866,  with  comments ;    army-worm 
mistaken  for  canker-worm ;  need  of  precision  in  using  popular  names. 

121.  W[alsh],  B.  D.     [Fire-cure  for  potato-beetles.]     < Pract.  Ent.,  27 

August,  1866,  V.  1,  pp.  107-108. 

Extract  from  letter  from  M.  S.  Hill,  with  comments ;  burning  straw  effective 
as  a  means  against  Meloidw  infesting  potato-vines ;  its  use  against  Dory- 
phora  10-Uneaia;  hot  water  as  a  means  against  the  onion-maggot  and 
peach-borer. 

122.  Walsh,  B.  D.    A  new  humbug.    <  Pract.  Ent.,  27  August,  1866, 

V.  1,  pp.  108-110. 

Exposure  of  proposed  remedy  against  Cecidomyia  destructor;  life-habifcs  of 
the  same. 

123.  W[alshJ,  B.  D.    The  striped  bug.     <  Pract.  Ent.,  27  August, 

1866,  V.  1,  p.  110,  figs.  1,  2. 
Extract  from  Western  Rural,  21  July,  1866,  with  comments;  characters,  hab- 
its, means  against,  and  figures  of  Diabrotica  vittata  and  D.  12-punctata. 
See  No.  148. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  23 

124.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Grape-vine  caterpillars.]     <Pract.  Eut.,  27  Au- 

gust, 186G,  V.  1,  p.  111. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  B.  Borden  ;  description  of  the  early  stages  of  Procria 
l:^  Jcoloithus]  JahariiiH ;  characters  and  habits  of  the  species  of  Procria. 

125.  Walsh,  B.  D.    [Squasb-vine  insects.]     <Pract.  Eiit.,  27  August, 

186G,  V.  1,  p.  111. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Cope;  description  and  hahits  of  Epilachna  borealia; 
hahits  of  Coceinellidce ;  description  and  means  against  the  larva  of  2Vo- 
chilium  cucurbita'  [=^MeUttia  ceto']. 

126.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [tejurious  iusects.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  27  August, 

18CG,  V.  1,  p.  111. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  Couard  ;  larval  habits  and  means  against  Lema  tri- 
lineata;  work  of  the  grain  jjlant-louse  {Xectarophora  (jranaria)  and  of  Tro- 
chilinm  cucurbita'  [^=  McUttia  ceto']  ;  mention  of  some  of  the  enemies  of  bees. 

127.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Grape-leaf  galls.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  27  August,  186C, 

V.  1,  pp.  111,112. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  Daggy  ;  description  of  the  leaf-gall  of  PhyUoxera 
vitifolicv  1=  vastairixl  ;  reasons  for  including  it  in  the  Coccidw;  dipterous 
enemy  of  the  same.     See  No.  154. 

128.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Grapevine  insects.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  27  August, 

18G6,  Y.  1,  p.  112. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  H.  S. ;  description  and  means  against  an  unde- 
scrihed  gall  on  the  tendrils  and  leaf-stalks  of  a  grape-vine  ;  life-habits  of 
parasitic  Chalcididce.     See  No.  160. 

129.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Grape-vine  beetles.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  27  August, 

18GG,  V.  1,  pp.  112, 113. 

Answer  to  inciuiry  of  W.  J.  Lawrence  ;  food-habits  of  Pelidnota  punctata  and 

of  Colaspis  Jiavida. 

130.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Conjdalis  eormitus.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  27  August, 

186G,  V.  1,  p.  113. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  S.  Lewis;  natural  history  and  habits  of  Corydalis 
cornutua. 

131.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Tobacco-moth.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  27  August,  186G, 

V.  1,  p.  113. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  F.  W.  Noble;  transformations  and  food-plants  of 
Sphinx  1=  Protoparce']  Carolina;  food-plants  of  S.  b-maculata  [=.P.  cdcun]. 

132.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Datana  ministra.]    <Pract.  Ent.,  27   August, 

186G,  V.  1,  p.  113. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  S.  Lacy  ;  food-plants  and  transformations  of  Datana 
ministra. 

133.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Grape-vine  and  fuschia  beetles.]     <Pract.  Ent., 

27  August,  186G,  v.  1,  p.  113. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  F.  K.  Ph(t>nix;  Colaspin  Jiavida  injurious  to  grape-vine 
shoots;  Haltica  exapta  [=cari;»atol  destructive  to  fuschia;  means  against 
flea-beetles. 


24  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

134.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Blister-beetles.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  27  August,  1866, 

V.  1,  p.  113. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Barber;  food-plants  of  Lytta  manjinata  [=Epicauta 
cinerea-],  L.  [=£.]  vHlata,  L.  atrata  i^E.  jiennsylvanica],  and  L.  cinerea 
[=Macrobasiii  uuicolor']. 

135.  Walsh,  B.D.     [Colaspis  flavida ;  Letna  trilineata.]     <Pract.Ent., 

27  August,  1866,  v.  1,  p.  114. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  F.  Beuner ;  Colaspis  ^ai;ifZrt  destructive  to  grape-vines ; 
distribution  and  method  of  breeding  Lema  trilineata. 

136.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Green  worms  on  gooseberries  and  currants ;  Lema 

trilineata.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  27  August,  1866,  v.  1,  p.  114. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  Burt;  gooseberries  aui  currants  injured  by  larva  of 
a  saw-fly  ?  ;   effects  of  excessive  rain,    heat,  and  drought ;    food-plants  of 
Lema  trilineata. 

137.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Galls.J     <Pract.  Ent.,  27  August,  1866,  v.  1,  p. 

114. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  Shinier;  note  of  galls  made  by  Rhodites  radicum, 
Tnjpeta  solidaginis,  and  Thelaxes   l=zColopha']  uhnicola. 

138.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Potato  and  corn  insects.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  27  Au- 

gust, 1866,  V.  1,  p.  114. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  H.  Parsons,  scarcity  of  Lema  trilineata  in  Illinois; 
Doryphora  10-lineata  destroyed  by  turkeys,  but  not  by  fowls  ;  Gortyna  sp.  ? 
injurious  to  young  Indian  corn  ;  rules  for  breeding  insects. 

139.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Cocoons  on  apple-trees.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  27  Au- 

gust, 1866,  V.  1,  p.  114. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  M.  S.  Hill ;  description  of  cocoon  and  imago  of  Aitacus 
cecropia;  the  interaction  of  organisms. 

140.  Walsh,    B.    D.      Imported    insects;     the     gooseberry    saw-fly. 

<Pract.  Ent.,  29  September,  1866,  v.  1,  pp.  117-125,  fig.. 

List  of  some  injurious  European  insects  imported  into  America  and  of  Amer- 
ican insects  imported  into  Europe;  reasons  for  the  increase  and  abundance 
of  noxious  European  insects  in  America,  and  why  American  species  do  not 
flourish  in  Europe ;  natural  history,  description,  and  means  against  Nematus 
ventricosus  ['=ri6esii];  figure  of  currant-leaf,  showing  method  of  deposition 
of  eggs  and  work  of  larva ;  natural  history  and  description  of  larva  and 
imago  of  Pristijyhora  grosKulariw  n.  sp. ;  number  of  saw-flies  infesting  the 
gooseberry  and  currant  in  Europe. 

141.  Walsh,  B.  D.    [Borers.]    <Pract.  Ent.,  29  September,  1866,  v.  1, 

p.  126. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  H.  R.  Lykins ;  western  distribution  of  Clytus 
l  =  CyUene'\  robinia: 

142.  Walsh,  B.   D.     [Wheat  midge.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  29  September, 

1866,  V.  1,  p.  126. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  P.  Wickersham ;  destructiveness  of  Cecidomyia 
1=  Diplosis']  tritici ;  nature  of  its  cocoon. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  25 

143.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Crickets.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  29  September,  1866,  v. 

1,  p.  126. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  Marion  Hobart ;  characters  and  food-habits  of  Acheta 
\^=G-ri/UHs}  abbreviatua;  katydids  not  exclusively  vegetarians;  (Ecanthua 
niveus  found  feeding  on  plant-lice. 

144.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Walking-stick.J     <Pract.  Ent.,  29  September, 

1866,  V.  1,  p.  126. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  L.  W.  Taylor;  characters  and  habits  of  Spectrum 
[=  Diaphcromeral  femorata. 

145.  Walsh,  B.D.     [Apple-tree  iusects.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  29  September, 

1866,  V.  1,  p.  126. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  B.  Beegle ;  characters  and  food-plants  of  Limenitia 
Ursula;  description  and  food-plants  of  the  larva  of  Lagoa  opercularis ; 
characters  of  the  imago. 

146.  Walsh,  B.  D.     [Mites  on  grasshoppers.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  29  Sep- 

tember, 1866,  V.  1,  p.  126. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  Riddell ;  Astoma  1=  Tronibidium'i  locuatarum  infest- 
ing Caloptenus  femur-rubrum. 

147.  W[alsh],  B.  D.     Grasshoppers  and  locusts.     <Pract.  Ent.,  Octo- 

ber, 1866,  V.  2,  pp.  1-5,  22. 

Description,  migration,  and  ravages  of  Caloptenus  spretus  ;  limits  of  its  range 
and  means  of  preventing  its  increase  ;  confusion  caused  by  the  use  of  pop- 
ular names  of  insects.  On  p.  22  a  "note,"  accidentally  omitted,  gives  the 
comparative  length  of  the  wing-covers  and  antenna)  of  Caloptenus  spretus 
and  C.  feniur-ruhrum. 

148.  VY[alsh],  B.  D.    The  striped  cucumber-bug.     <Pract.  Ent.,  Oc- 

tober, 1866,  V.  2,  p.  5. 
Diabrotica  vittata  attacks  German  asters.     See  No.  123. 

149.  W[ALSH],  B.  D.    Fire-blight.    <Pract.  Ent.,  October,  1866,  v.  2, 

p.  7. 

Extract  from  Horticulturist,  with  comments;  cause  of  fire-blight  unknown; 
not  produced  by  Scoli/tus  1=^  Xi/leborus']  pyri. 

150.  W[ALSH],  B.  D.    The  Hessian  fly.     <Pract.  Ent.,  October,  1866, 

V.  2,  p.  7. 

Extract  from  Colman's  Rural  World,  with  comments ;  late  sowing  as  a  means 
against  Ceeidomn'ia  destructor. 

151.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]       [Injurious   caterpillars;     plant-lice    enemies.] 

<Pract.  Ent.,  October,  1866,  v.  2,  pp.  7-8. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  McGraw  ;  habits,  descriptions,  and  food-plants  of 
larva  of  Dryocampa  senatoria  and  of  Datana  ministra;  food-habits  of  larva 
allied  to  D>  viinistra;  description  and  habits  of  larva  of  Sci/mnns  sp.  ;  S. 
ha:morrhou8f  bred  from  gall  of  Thdaxes  l  =  Colopha'\  ulviicola. 

152.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Tomato-worm.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  October,  1866, 

V.  2,  p.  8. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  A.  Jackson  ;  description  of  the  larva  and  pupa  of 
Protoparee  celeus;  food-plants  and  harmlessness  of  the  larva. 


26  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

153.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Dipterous  larva  on  swallows,]     <Pract.  Ent., 

October,  18GG,  v.  2,  p.  8. 
Auswer  to  inquiry  of  J.  B.  Fisher;  larvfe  found  on  swallows  (see  No.  114)  be- 
long to  the  Muscidfe  and  not  to  the  (Estridw :  extract  from  letter  of  Osten 
Sacken  on  larval  habits  of  Mitscidw  found  with  birds. 

154.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Bark-louse  enemy.]     <Pract.   Ent.,   October, 

1866,  V.  2,  p.  8. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  Daggy  ;  see  No.  127  ;  according  to  Osten  Sacken  the 
bark-louse  enemy  belongs  to  Leucopis;  systematic  position  of  the  genus. 

155.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Parasitized  tomato- worm]     <Pract.  Ent.,  Oc- 

tober, 1866,  V.  2,  pp.  8-9. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  C.  Wright ;  habits  of  Microgaster,  Tparasitic  on  Pro- 
toparce  celeus;  habits  of  ichneumonized  larvse. 

156.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Beetles  on  buttercup  and  azalea.]    <Pract.  Ent., 

October,  1866,  v.  2,  p.  9. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  H.  Peck;  identification  of  Galeruca  \^=^ Adimonia'\ 
rufosanguinea,  found  on  Ranunculus  acris,  and  of  Prasocuris  varipes  on  Azalea 
nudiflora;  synoptic  table,  by  J.  L.  Leconte,  of  the  species  of  Prasocuris. 

157.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Flying-bug.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  October,  1866,  v. 

2,  p.  9. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  E.  Sheldon ;  Aphodius  mistaken  for  Cecidomyia  de- 
structor. 

158.  [Walsh,  B.  D.j     [Parasitic  cocoon.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  October,  1866, 

V.  2,  p.  9. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  W.  Howarth ;  description  of  cocoons  made  by 
Microgaster  and  Pezomachus ;  habits  of  Ichneumonidce. 

159.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Oak-bark  louse.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  October,  1866, 

V.  2,  p.  9. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  Meehan;  undetermined  Coccus  on  red-oak. 

160.  [Walsh,  B.  U.]     [Grape-galls.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  October,  1866,  v. 

2,  p.  9. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  H.  S. ;  see  No.  128;  larva  of  Leucopis  sp.,  an  enemy 
to  grape-vine  gall-louse;  probable  identity  of  the  maker  of  the  tendril  and 
leaf-galls;  varieties  of  grape  infested  by  Phylloxera  vastatrix. 

161.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     ["Saddle-back."]     <Pract.  Ent.,  October,  1866. 

V.  2,  p.  9. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  M.  Harvey ;  food-plants,  description,  and  urticating 
properties  of  Kmpretia  stimulea. 

162.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]    [Corn-worm.]    <Pract.  Ent.,  October,  1866,  v.  2, 

p.  9. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  B.  Ellis;  method  of  work  of  two  lepidopterous  larvjB. 

163.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Insects  named.]    <Pract.  Ent.,  October,  1866, 

V.  2,  p.  10. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  C.  Fish;  comparative  characters  of  Entilia  sinuata 
and  E.  \=Publilia^  concava. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  27 

164.  [Walsh,  B.  D.|     [Grape  insects.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  October,  1866, 

V.  2,  p.  10. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  .1.  H.  Garman  ;  description  and  habits  of  larva  of  Pro- 
cris  [^  IIarri)'hia'\  americana ;   I'roconia  [=  Oncomctop'ui^  nndala  and  Heveral 
species  of  Erythioneiira  [=  Typhlocybal  as  grape  enemies. 

165.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Datanaministra.]    <Pract.  Ent.,  October,  1866, 

V.  2,  p.  10. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  B. ;  increase  of  injuries  caused  by  Datatia  minxstra; 
distinctive  characters  of  the  larvie  of  (ieometridw. 

166.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Tulmmarginafns.]    <Pract.  Ent.,  October,  1866, 

V.  2,  p.  10. 

Answer  to  in(iuiry  of  T.  Wiggins;  characters  and  food  of  lulus  l^^SpirobolusI 
tnarginatus. 

167.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Midge.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  October,  1866,  v.  2,  p. 

10. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  G.  Morris ;  characters  and  habits  of  the  larva  and 
imago  of  Chironomus  sp. 

168.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Rat-tailed  larva.]     <Pract.  Ent,  October,  186G, 

v.  2,  p.  10. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  A.  Lapham  ;  characters  and  habitats  of  the  larvse  of 
rat-tailed  Syrphidcr. 

169.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Beetle  on  thistle.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  October,  1866, 

V.  2,  p.  10. 

Answer  to    inquiry  of   W.   S.   Robertson ;    characters    and   food-plants  of 
Phyllobrotica  [^^  Diabrollca^  longicornis. 

170.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]      [Grape-vine  AjMs.]     <Pract.    Ent.,  October, 

1866,  V.  2,  p.  10. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  H. ;  gr3,pe-vine  injured  by  Aphis  viiis. 

171.  W[alsh],  B.  D.    The  new  potato-bug-.     <Pract.  Ent.,  November, 

1866,  V.  2,  pp.  13-10,  fig. 
Eastern  progress  of  Doryphora  W-lineata;  rate  of  travel;  hand-picking  the 
only  effective  remedy  ;  description  of  a  horse  machine  for  their  destruc- 
tion ;  pecuniary  loss  intlicted  by  the  species. 

172.  W[alsh],  B.   D.    The  canker-worm    <Pract.   Ent.,  November, 

1866,  V.  2,  p.  16. 
Tarring  trees  effective  against  Paleacrita  vm-nata. 

173.  W[alsh],  B.  D.    The  canker-worni  again.    <Pract.  Ent.,  Novem- 

ber, 1866,  V.  2,  pp.  16-17. 
Critical  review  of  article  in  New  England   Farmer ;  value  of  tarring  as  a 
means  against  Paleacrita  vernata. 

174.  Walsh,  B.  D.    Notes  by  Beuj.  D.  Walsh.     <Pract.  Ent.,  Novem- 

ber, 1866,  v.  2,  pp.  19-20. 
Remarks  on  statement  of  H.  Shinier  in  his  paper,  "The  grape  leaf  gall-coc- 
cus" (Pract.  Ent.,  pp.  17-19);  number  of  eggs  to  each  9  ;  toiidril  and  leaf- 
galls  probably  produced  by  the  same  insect;  old  leaves  entirely  free  from 
bark-lice  by  the  end  of  summer;  characters  of  the  pupa  of  Leucopis;  sys- 
tematic position  and  food-habits  of  Thysanoptera;  criticism  of  paper  by 
H.  Shimer  in  Prairie  Farmer,  3  November,  1861. 


28  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

175.  W[alsh],  B.  D.     The  striped  bug.     <Pract.    Eut.,  November, 

1866,  V.  2,  p.  20. 
Remarks  on  note  by  A. ;  eflfects  of  plaster  as  a  means  against  Didbrotica 
vittata. 

176.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Currant  insects;  Psocus  venosus.]    <Pract.  Ent., 

November,  1866,  v.  2,  p.  20. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  I.  Hicks ;  occurrence  of  Pristiphora  grossulariw  in  the 
Eastern  States ;  Ellopia  [^ Eufitchia']  ribearia  injurious  to  currant;  date 
of  introduction  of  "sulphur-cure"  on  peach-trees;  characters  and  habits  of 
Psocus  venosus. 

111.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Worm  in  apple.]     <Pract.   Ent.,  November, 
1866,  V.  2,  pp.  20-21. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  Ward ;  description  and  ravages  of  larva  of  Trypeta 
pomonellaf 

178.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Insects  attracted  to  light.]    <Pract.  Ent.,  No- 

vember, 1866,  V.  2,  p.  21. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  Practical  Pomologist;  conditions  favorable  for  attract- 
ing insects  to  light ;  kinds  most  frequently  attracted ;  the  proportion  of 
injurious  species  attracted. 

179.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Zebra  caterpillar.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  November, 

1866,  V.  2,  p.  21. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  H.  Parsons;  description  of  the  larva  of  Mamestra 
picta;  times  of  transformation. 

180.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Inquiries  answered.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  November, 

1866,  v.  2,  p.  21. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Pettit ;  identification  of  several  beetles ;  galls  on 
golden-rod  made  by  Euryptychia  saligneana  and  Trypeta  soUdaginis  ;  charac- 
ters of  short-winged  form  of  Alicropus  l=^Blissus'\  leiicopierus ;  its  occur- 
rence in  Canada. 

181.  [Walsh,  B.D.J    [Worm  in  corn.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  November.  1866, 

V.  2,  pp.  21-22. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  B.  Ellis ;  description  of  larva,  habits,  transforma- 
tions, and  means  against  an  undetermined  noctuid. 

182.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Bag-worms.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  November,  1866, 

V.  2,  p.  22. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  P.  Wickersham  ;  characters  and  synonymy  of  Thyri- 
dop teryx  eph em erwfo rmis. 

183.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Ichneumon  cocoons.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  November, 

1866,  V.  2,  p.  22. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  A.  N. ;  characters  of  cocoons  of  Microgaster  sp,  ? 

184.  Walsh,  B.  D.    Note.     <Proc.  Eut.  Soc.  Phil.,  December,  1866, 

V,  5,  p.  260. 

Withdraws  assertion  attributed  to  C.  R.  Osten  Sacken. 

185.  W[ALSH],  B.  D.    The  old-fashioned  potato-bugs.     <Pract.  Ent., 

December,  1866,  v.  2,  pp.  25-27,  figs. 
Natural  history  and  means  against  Lema  trilineata,  Lytta  [=  Epicmda^  vittata, 
L.  atrata  [=  E.  jyennsylvatiiea],  L.  marginata  l==E.  cinerea],  audi,  cinerea 
i=Macro}>as\s  unicolor] ;  figures  L.  trilineata  and  E.  vittata. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  29 

186.  W[ALSHj,  B.  D.     Klippart's  wheat  plant.     <Pract.  Ent.,  Decem- 

ber, 1S66,  V.  H,  pp.  27-29. 
AdA'erse  criticism  of  the  eutomological  portion  of  the  above-named  book. 

187.  W[alsh],  B.  D.    Trimble's  insect  enemies  of  fruit  and  fruit  trees. 

<Pract.  Ent.,  December,  18GG,  v.  2,  pp.  29-30. 
Favorable  review  of  the  above-named  book. 

188.  W[alsh],  B.  D.    Answer  to  the  above,  by  B.  D.  W.     <Pract.  Ent., 

December,  1866,  v.  2,  pp.  31-33,  figs. 

Answers  to  questions  asked  in  J.  S.  Houghton's  "Insects  in  the  Orchard" 
(Pract.  Ent.,  pp.<30-31);  food-habits  and  hibernation  of  Conotrachelus 
nenuphar;  comparative  characters  and  figures  of  Aiipidiotua  conchiformis 
1=  Mf/tilaspis  pomorum]  and  Coccm  harrisii  [=  Chionaspis  furfuruHl;  nat- 
ural history  of  C.  harrisii;  means  against  and  enemies  of  the  two  species; 
figures  Chilocorits  bivulnerus  and  Hippodamia  l_=2IegiUa'\  maculaia;  food- 
habits  and  synonymy  of  Lytta  l^ Poinphopcca']  sayi;  flowing  as  a  means 
against  root-feeding  insects;  inefficacy  of  salt,  lime,  ashes,  etc.,  against  the 
same;  insects  attacking  evergreens  not  likely  to  injure  fruit  trees;  cannibal 
habits  of  spiders ;  habits  of  bees  and  wasps, 

189.  [Walsh,  B.  D.J     [Cicada;  gooseberry- worm.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  De- 

cember, 1866,  v.  2,  p.  33. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  M.  S.  Hill;  Cicada  [=Ti&tcen]  septendecim  compared 
with  an  undescribed  species ;  ravages  of  Priatiphora  groasularite  f  on  goose- 
berry bushes. 

190.  [Walsh,  B.  D.J     [Yespidce.]    <Pract.  Ent.,  December,  1866,  v.  2, 

pp.  33,  34. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  M.  Hobart ;  life-habits  of  Vespidw. 

191.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Meal-worms:  Timber-borers.]     <Pract.  Ent., 

December,  1866,  v.  2,  p.  34. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  M.  C.  D. ;  characters,  food-habits,  and  means  against 
Tenebrio  molitor  and  T.  obscurus  ;  characters  of  Ptinun  brunneus  infesting  pine 
timber;  corrosive  sublimate  as  a  means  against  timber  insects. 

192.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Corn-worm.]     <Pract.  Ent,  December,  1866,  v. 

2,  p.  34. 

Answer  to  J.  B.  Ellis;  number  of  broods  of  Heliothis  armigera  in  the  North- 
ern and  Southern  States. 

193.  [Walsh,  B.D.]    [Thousand-legged  worms.]   <Pract.  Ent.,  Decem- 

ber, 1866,  V.  2,  pp.  34-35,  fig. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  W.  Robinson;  description  and  figure  of  Iiiliis  ninlti- 
atriatus  n.  sp.  [:=Cambala  annulata'\ ;  habits  and  means  against  the  same. 

194.  [Walsh,  B.D.j     [Cranberry-galls,  etc.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  December, 

1866,  V.  2,  p.  35. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  C.  Fish  ;  occurrence  of  galls  made  by  Cecidomyia  sp. 
on  leaves  of  cranberry  ;  identification  of  several  insects. 

195.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]    Another  humbug.     <Pract.  Ent.,  December, 

1866,  V.  2,  p.  So. 
Extract,  with  comments,  from  Cultivator  and  Country  Gentleman,  22  No- 
vember, 1366,  exposing  worthlessoess  of  J*,  3,  Sheldon's  cojnpoBitiou  for  4©^ 
stroking  borefSt 


30  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

196.  [Walsh,  B.  D.J    Notices.    <Pract.  Ent.,  December,  1866,  v.  2, 

p.  35. 

Mention  of  several  agricultural  journals. 

197.  Walsh,  B.  D.    On  the  insects,  coleopterous,  hymeuopterous,  and 

dipterous,  inhabiting  the  galls  of  certain  species  of  willow. 
Part  2(1  and  last.  <Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Phil.,  December,  1866- 
January,  18G7,  v.  6,  pp.  223-288. 
See  No.  46  for  Part  Ist.  Supplementary  notes  on  the  Cecidomyidce  (gall-makers 
and  guest-flies) ;  criticism  of  statements  of  Fitch  and  Harris ;  discussion  of 
structure  and  habits  of  Tenthredinidw  and  insects  generally;  synopsis  of 
tenthredinidous  willow-galls;  descriptions  of  the  galls,  their  makers  and 
inqnilines ;  for  the  uew  species  described,  see  the  Systematic  Index ;  remarks 
on  species  and  varieties;  figures  fore-wings  of  Tenthredo  aud  Ichneumon. 

198.  W[ALSH],  B.  D.    Plant-lice— their  friends  and  enemies.    <Pract. 

Ent.,  January,  1867,  v.  2,  pp.  37-44,  figs. 
Method  of  work  and  mode  of  reproduction  of  Aphididce ;   their  relations  to 
ants  ;  plant-lice  enemies  ;  figures  Jjj/iis  mali  and  several  enemies  of  plant- 
lice  ;  means  against  Aphididw. 

199.  W[ALSH],  B.  D.    Birds  versus  insects.     <Pract.  Ent.,  January, 

1867,  V.  2,  pp.  44-47. 
Insectivorous  birds  not  necessarily  beneficial ;  a  bird  must  be  shown  to  eat 
at  least  thirty  (30)  times  as  many  injurious  insects  as  it  does  beneficial  ones 
before  it  can  be  considered  useful. 

200.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Insects  named.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  January,  1867, 

V.  2,  p.  47. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Pettit;  identification  of  many  species,  mostly  beetles ; 
characters  and  food-habits  of  Clems  nigripes  \^^A-giUtatus']  ;  habitat  of  Lep- 
iura  capitala  aud  Tingis  l  =  Coryihiica'\  ciliata. 

201.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Apple-tree  insects.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  January, 

1867,  V.  2,  p.  47. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  M.  Hobart;  increasing  distTihution  of  Aspidiotus  conchi- 
formis  [=  Mytilaspis pomorum'\  ;  enemies  of  the  same  ;  characters  of  the  eggs 
of  Aphis  mali. 

202.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Work  in  entomology.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  January, 

1867,  V.  2,  p.  47. 
Answer  to  G.  Scarborough ;  advice  for  the  study  of  entomology  by  beginners. 

203.  W[alshJ,  B.  D.     The  true  Thrijys  and  the  bogus  Thri2}s.     <Pract. 

Ent.,  February,  1867,  v.  2,  pp.  49-52,  figs. 

Natural  history,  characters,  habits,  and  figures  of  Thrips  sp.  ;  characters  of 
the  larva  and  imago  of  Haltica  chalybea  ;  figure  of  imago  ;  habits  of  species 
of  Erythronenr a  [=  Tyjyhlocyba^;  description  and  figures  of  JJ.  [=T'.]  vitis. 

204.  W[alsh],  B.  D.    Universal  remedies.     <Pract.  Ent.,  1867,  v.  2, 

p.  52. 

Exposure  of  proposed  universal  remedy  against  fruit-tree  insects. 

205.  W[ALSHJ,  B.  D.    Poisoning  noxious  insects.     <Pract.  Eat.,  Feb- 

ruary, 1867,  V.  2,  pp.  52-53. 
Sugaring  with  poison  as  a  means  against  Noctuidw, 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  31 

20G.  W[ALSH],  B.  D,     Remarks  by  B.  D.  W.     <Pnict.  Eut.,  February, 

1867,  V.  2,  p.  54. 

Comments  on  S.  S.  Katlivon's  '-Bag-worms"  (Pract.  P'nt.,  pp.  .53-54);  dis- 
tribution and  food-plants  of  Thyridopterijx  ephnncraformiH. 

207.  W[alsh],  B.  D.     Habits  of  the  tree  cricket  {(Ecanthus  niveus). 

<Pract.  Ent.,  February,  1867,  v.  2,  p.  54,  figs. 

Characters  of  e<i;gs  and  method  of  deposition;  characters,  food-habits,  and 
figures  of  the  imago. 

208.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     Importing  European  parasites.     <Pract.  Ent., 

February,  1867,  v.  2,  pp.  54-55. 

Imaginary  correspondence  between  Asa  Fitch  and  John  Curtis  on  the  im- 
portation of  parasitic  insects. 

209.  [Walsh,  B.  D.J     [Screw -worm.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  February,  1867, 

V.  2,  p.  55. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  L.  D.  Morse ;  undetermiui'd  larva  found  in  osage- 
orangeseed;  homiuivorous  habits  of  LuciUa  macellaria. 

210.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]      [Attacus  ceiropia.]     < Pract.  Ent.,  February, 

1867,  V.  2,  p.  55. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  T.  Smith  ;  characters  of  larva  and  imago  of  Attacus 
cea'opia ;  food-plants ;  method  of  issuance  from  cocoon  ;  nature  of  fluid 
discharged  when  emerging  from  cocoon. 

211.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Apple-worm.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  February,  1867, 

V.  2,  pp.  55-56. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  C.  Fish  ;  characters  of  the  pupa  of  Sciara  mali. 

212.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Oak-gall.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  February,  1867,  v.  2, 

p.  56. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  Muir;  characters  of  an  uudetermined  cynipid  gall 
on  oak. 

213.  [Walsh,  B.  D.|     [Cicada:  Grape-vine  Procris.]     <Pract.  Ent., 

February,  1867,  v.  2,  p.  56. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  M.  S.  Hill;  variations  in  the  imago  of  Cicada  [=  Tibi- 
cen'l  septendecim  aud  in  the  song  of  the  same;  characters  of  the  larva  of 
Procris  [=  Uarrisina']  americana. 

214.  [Walsh,  B.  D.J     \I^iUdulida\]     <Pract.  Ent.,  February,  1867,  v. 

2,  p.  bQ. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  H.  S. ;  food-habits  of  Ips  fasciatiia  and  2iitidula 
bipuntulata. 

215.  [Walsh,  B.  D.  I     [Turnip  enemy.]     <Pract.  Ent,  February,  1867, 

V.  2,  p.  56. 
Answer  to  inciuiry  of  F.  T.  Pember;  characters  aud  food-habits  of  Polydea- 
viitx  complaiiatuH. 

216.  [Walsh,  B.  D.J     [Wheat  midge.J     <Pract.  Eut.,  February,  1867, 

V.  2,  p.  57. 
Answer  to  in(iuiry  of  C.  P.  Wickershani ;  nature  of  the  membrane  envelop- 
ing the  full-grown  larva  of  Diplosis  tritici. 


32  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

217.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Queries  answered.]     <Pract.  Eut.,  February, 

1867,  V.  2,  p.  57. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  R.  Middleton ;  toads,   frogs,  and  spiders  beneficial ; 
eflfects  of  the  stings  of  various  insects. 

218.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Scales.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  February,  1867,  v.  2, 

p.  57. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  M.  M.  S. ;  characters  and  ravages  of  scales  on  oleander 
and  orange ;  means  against  Coccidw. 

219.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]    [Hundred-legged  worm.]    <Pract.  Ent.,  February, 

1867,  V.  2,  p.  57. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  P.  Mouks;  identification  of  Pohjdesmus  virginiensis  ; 
distinctive  characters  of  Myriapoda. 

220.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Bark- borers.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  February,  1867, 

V.  2,  pp.  57-58. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  V.  Riley;   synoptic  table  and  food-habits  of  several 
species  of  Scolytus;    descriptions  of    S.  fagi  n.    sp.  and  S.  caryce  n.  sp. 
[^i-spinosus']. 

221.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Aleurodes.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  February,  1867,  v. 

2,  p.  58. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  D.  F.  C;  characters  and  food-plants  of  an  undescribed 
species  of  Aleurodes. 

222.  W[alsh],  B.  D.    The  critic  criticized.     <Pract.  Ent.,  February, 

1867,  V.  2,  p.  58.    Answer  [by  C.  V.  Kiley].     <Prairie  Farmer, 
16  Marcli,  1867,  [v.  35],  n.  s.,  v.  19,  p.  169.     S.-b.,  No.  2,  p.  58. 
Criticism  of  article  by  C.  V.  Riley  (Prairie  Farmer,  19  January,  1867,  [v.  35], 
n.  s.,  V.  19,  p.  37). 

223.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     Obituary.    <Pract.  Ent.,  February,  1867,  v.  2, 

p.  58. 
Notice  of  the  late  Brackenridge  Clemens. 

224.  W[ALSH],  B.  D.    Wire- worms.     <Pract.  Eut,.  March,  1867,  v.  2, 

pp.  61-62,  figs. 

Characters  of  Myriapoda  and  larvaeof  Elaieridw,  popularly  called  wire-worms; 
food-habits  of  larva  of  Ludius  attenuatus;  figure  of  larva  and  imago  of  the 
same;  confusion  caused  by  the  use  of  the  term  "wire-worms"  by  corre- 
spondents of  the  Country  Gentleman. 

225.  W[ALSH],  B.  D.    Imported  insects.— The  onion-fly.     <Pract.  Ent., 

March,  1867,  v.  2,  p.  64,  figs. 

Figures  of  larva  and  imago  of  Anthomyia  veparum  and  of  Orialis  [=  Tritoxa'\ 
flexa;  comparative  characters  of  imagos;  distribution  and  means  against 
the  two  species. 

226.  W[ALSH],B.D.   [Means  against  cut- worms.]    <Pract.  Ent.,  March, 

1867,  V.  2,  p.  66. 

Recommends,  In  reply  to  J.  Townley's  inquiry,  sng^^ring  with  poisoned  rao« 
JftBSPs  ^8  a  means  agaipst  Pttt-wprw^,  " 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  33 

227.  W[alsh],  B.  D.     Entomology  indeed  run  mad.     <Pract.  Ent., 

March,  1867,  v.  2,  pp.  G6,  67. 

Reprint  of  "The  bud- worm"  (N.  C.  Rural  Journ.,  September,  1866),  with 
criticism  and  correction  of  some  of  the  errors. 

228.  W[alsh],  B.  D.    The  imported  gooseberry  saw-tiy.    <Pract.  Ent., 

March,  1867,  v.  2,  p.  67. 

Reason  for  re-appearance  in  June  and  for  the  non-appearance  of  the  second 
brood  of  Xematus  ventricostts  [=ri&f8ii]  in  New  York  in  lbG6. 

229.  W[ALsn],  B.  D.     Tree  cutworms.     <Pract.  Ent.,  March,  1867,  v. 

2,  p.  67. 

Cut-worm  described  (Pract.  Eut.,  v.  1,  pp.  8.^-86)  ideutified  as  Hadena  cheno- 
jjodii  l=^Manu'slra  trifo}i'\.     See  Nos.  85,  281. 

230.  W[alsh],   B.   D.     Doctoring    fruit   trees   again.     <Pract.   Eut., 

March,  1867,  v.  2,  pj).  67,  68. 

Extract  from  Industrial  Gazette,  15  December,  1866,  with  criticism  ;  calomel, 
sulphur,  and  substances  insoluble  in  water  not  absorbed  into  tlie  circula- 
tion of  trees. 

231.  W[ALSH,]  B.  D.     The  grape-vine  Colaspis  {Colasjris  flavida  Say). 

<Pract.  Ent.,  March,  1867,  v.  2,  pp.  68-69,  fig. 

Ravages  of  Colaspis  flavida;  comparison  with  allied  species;  remarks  on  the 
law  of  priority  and  on  certain  insects  becoming  suddenly  injurious;  figures 
C.  flavida. 

232.  W[axshJ,   B.   D.    Another    universal    remedy.     <Pract.    Ent., 

March,  1867,  v.  2,  p.  69. 

Extract  from  reprint  (?)  in  Cultivator  and  Country  Gentleman,  10  January, 
1867,  with  criticism  of  proposed  remedy  against  insects  injurious  to  trees. 

233.  W[AXSHj,  B.  D.    Borers.    The  plug-ugly  theory.     <Pract.  Ent., 

March,  1867,  v.  2,  p.  69. 

Criticism  of  theory  that  a  plug  driven  into  a  hole  in  a  tree  is  death  to  borers. 

234.  W[ALSH],  B.  D.    A  mass  of  mistakes.     <Pract.  Ent.,  March,  1867, 

V.  2,  p.  70. 

Correction  of  errors  in  "  Remedy  for  the  borer"  (Prairie  Farmer,  9  February, 
1867). 

235.  W[ALSHl,  B.D.    Hop-growing  in  the  West.     <Pract. Ent.,  March, 

1867,  V.  2,  p.  70. 
Extract  from  Country  Gentleman,  31  January,  1867,  showing  ravages  of 
Phorodon  humuli  in  Vermont ;  danger  of  its  introduction  into  the  Western 
States. 

236.  W[alsh],  B.  D.    Thousand-legged  worms.     <Pract.  Ent.,  March^ 

1867,  V.  2,  p.  70. 
Extract  from  letter  of  J.  H.  Parsons,  with  comments;  injuries  to  onions  by 

lulus  vudtisiriatns  [=  Cambala  ainiulata  ]  ;  /.  multistriatun  undistinguishable 

from  1.  varuho-cinctui. 
3  ENT 


34  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

237.  W[ALsn],  B.  D.    Fighting  the  Curculio.     <Pract.  Eut.,  March, 

1867,  V.  2,  p.  71. 
Extract  from  Genesee  Farmer  for  1853,  p.  125;  ridicule  of  additions  to  "jar- 
rin"-"  as  a  means  against  Conotrachclus  nenuphar. 

238.  W[ALSH],  B.  D.     ["  Bushels  of  butterflies."]     <Pract.  But.,  March, 

18G7,  V.  2,  p.  71. 
Extract  from  Cincinnati  Gazette,  August,  1866,  with  comments;  occurrence 
of  dead  imagos  of  Attacus  cecropia?  in  large  numbers  ("10  busbels")  in 
Newport,  Ohio;  food-plants  of  the  larva. 

239.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Scab  on  potato.]     <Pract.  Eut.,  March,  1807,  v. 

2,  pp.  71-72. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  L.  J.  Baldwin;  account  of  blister-like  scabs  on  po- 
tatoes, probably  caused  by  Sciara  sp. ;  means  against  the  same. 

240.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Mass  of  eggs.]     <Pract.  Eut.,  March,  1867,  v.  2, 

p.  72. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  Daggy  ;  egg-masses  of  Clisioeampa  americana  ;  food- 
plants  of  C.  americana  and  C.  sijhatica  [^zdisstria]. 

241.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Food  of  katydids.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  March,  1867, 

V.  2,  p.  72. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  M. ;  food  of  Microcentrum  retinervis  largely  carnivor- 
ous. 

242.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Caterpillar  nest  on  wild  cherry.]     <Pract.  Ent. 

March,  18G7,  v.  2,  p.  72. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  Morey ;  undetermined  larva  on  wild  cherry,  food- 
X^lants  of  Hyphantria  textor  [  =  c«Hea]. 

243.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Insect  eggs.]     <Pract.  Eut.,  March,  1867,  v.  2, 

p.  72. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  P.  Ferris ;  undetermined  eggs  of  Lepidoptera  and  Hemip- 
tera  on  apple-tree  twigs. 

244.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Attacus  poly phemus,  etc.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  March, 

1867,  V.  2,  pp.  72-73. 

Auswer  to  inquiry  of  M.  M.  S. ;  variations  in  Attacus  [=  Telea'}  polyphemus; 
habits  and  times  of  transformations  of  Arctia  1  =  Pyrrharctla'\  isabeUa; 
references  to  history  of  Dryocampa  rubicunda. 

245.  [Walsh,  B.  D.j      [Cossus  robinice,  etc.]     <Pract.  Eut,  March, 

1867,  V.  2,  p.  73. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Townley  ;  food-habits  and  injuries  of  Cossus  rohiniw; 
result  of  freezing  insects;  characters  of  some  wood-borers. 

246.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Museum  pests.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  March,  1867,  v. 

2,  p.  73. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  F.  L.  Van  Arsdale ;  means  against  Dermestida. 

247.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Katydid  eggs.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  March,  1867,  v. 

2,  p.  73. 
Answer  to  C.  M.  B. ;  characters  of  eggs  of  Microcentrum  retinervis. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  35 

248.  [Walsh,  C.  D.]     [Squash-viue  borer.]   <Pract.  Eut,  March,  1867, 

V.  2,  p.  73. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  Nason;  ravages  aud  means  against  Trochilium  ciicur- 
bita  [=  Melittia  C€to'\. 

249.  [Walsh,  B.  D,]     [Apple- twig  borers,  etc.|     <Pract.  Eut,  March, 

1867,  V.  2,  pp.  73-74. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  W.  Brumbaugh  ;  work  of  liostridxua  [=  Amp1nctruii'\ 
bicaudatus;  characters  ami  habits  of  Tcvnioptertjs  J'aKciata;  ravages,  habits, 
and  means  against  Macrodactylua  aubspinosus. 

250.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Hessian  fly.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  March,  18G7,  v.  2, 

p.  74. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  E.  Sheldon  ;  hibernation  of  the  larva  of  Cecidomyia 
destructor. 

251.  [Walsh,  B.  D.l     [Tree-cricket.J     <Pract.  Ent.,  March,  1867,  v.  2, 

p.  74. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  M.  Cole;  food-habits  of  (A'crtH^Ai/s  nire««;  characters 
of  its  eggs. 

252.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Tineids  iu  bee-hives.]     <Pract.  Eut.,  March, 

1867,  V.  2,  p.  74. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  H.  Hunt;  characters  of  case  and  larva  of  unde- 
termined tineid. 

253.  W[alsh],  B.  D.    Jumping  to  conclusions.     <Pract.  Ent.,  March, 

1867,  V.  2,  p.  74. 
Criticism  of  article  "  The  potato-bug"  (Wisconsin  Farmer,  2  March,  1867). 

254.  W[alsh],  B.  D.    The  common  Curculio  and  its  allies.     <Pract. 

Ent.,  April,  1867,  v.  2,  pp.  75-81. 

Characters  of  the  Rhijncophora  ;  characters,  ravages,  life-history,  food-habits, 
number  of  broods,  and  means  against  Conotrackelus  nenuphar-  ravages, 
habits,  characters,  and  means  against  Anthonomns  prunicida  [:=  Coccotorus 
acutellaris']  and  A.  A-ijibhus;  mention  of  additional  injurious  weevils;  com- 
parative characters  of  the  three  species. 

255.  W[ALSH],  B.  D.    Kemarks  by  B.  D.  W.     <Pract.   Eut.,  April, 

1867,  V.  2,  p.  82. 

Comments  on  C.  V.  Riley's  article,  "  The  imported  apple-tree  bark-louse  " 
(Prairie  Farmer,  23  March,  1867,  [v.  :{5J,  n.  s.,  v.  19,  p.  184). 

256.  W[ALSH],  B.  D.    Confessing  the  corn.     <Pract.  Ent.,  April,  1867, 

V.  2,  p.  82. 

Acknowledgment  of  mistake  in  quoting  from  Prairie  Farmer. 

257.  [Waxsh,  B.  D.j     [Bibio  albipennis.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  April,  1867,  v. 

2,  p.  83. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  Burt;  habits  of  larva  of  liibio  albijjennis. 

258.  [Waxsh,  B.  D.J     [Lice  on  horses.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  April,  1867,  v. 

2,  p.  83. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  L.  West;  comparative  characters  of  PedicuHna  and 
Mallophaga, 


36  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

259.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Cocoon  ou  wild  cherry.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  April, 

1867,  V.  2,  p.  83. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  A.  Baker;  sexual  differences  of  Jtlacus  promethea; 
food-plants  of  its  larva. 

260.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]   [Lepidopterous  case-bearer.]   <Pract.  Ent.,  April, 

1807,  V.  2,  p.  83. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  H.  Hunt;  larval  characters  of  case-bearing  Lepi- 
doptcra. 

261.  [Walsh,  B.   D.]     [''Thousand-legged    worms."]     <Pract.   Ent.,' 

April,  1867,  v.  2,  p.  83. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  H.  Parsons;  lulus  virgatus  eating  dead  seeds;  in- 
jurious habits  of  species  of  Polijdesvius. 

262.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Toads:    Glorified  squash-bug.]     <Pract.  Ent., 

1867,  V.  2,  p.  SS. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  F.  C.  Hill ;  food  of  toads ;  poisonousness  of  Prionotm 
novenarius  1=  Prionidus  eristatusl. 

263.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Galls  on  blackberry.]    <Pract.  Ent.,  April,  1867, 

V.  2,  pp.  83-84. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  H.  Tice;  identification  of  the  gall  of  Diastrophus 
nebulosus;  genera  of  Cynipidce  confined  to  single  plants. 

264.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Bark-lice.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  April,  1867,  v.  2,  p. 

84. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  Dr.  Houghton  ;  comparative  harmlessness  of  Coccus  har- 
risii  l^^^Chionaspis  fitrfurus~\;  means  against  Coccidw. 

265.  [Walsh,  B.  D.j     [Plant-lice.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  April,  1867,  v.  2,  p. 

84. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  Orton  ;  description  of  eggs  of  Lachnus  strohi ;  means 
against  Aphidida'. 

266.  [Walsh,  B.D.J    [Bag-worms.]    <Pract.  Ent.,  April,  1867,  v.  2,  pp. 

84-85. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Murphy  ;  food-habits  and  means  of  dispersal  of  Thy- 
ridopterijx  ephemeraformis. 

267.  [Walsh,  B.D.]     [Insects  injurious  to  grape.]    <Pract.  Ent.,  April, 

18G7,  V.  2,  p.  85. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Wood  ;  supposed  Curculio  punctures  in  grapes. 

268.  [Walsh,  B.D.]     [Attacus  promethea.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  April,  1867, 

V.  2,  p.  85. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  B.  Lyon;  mention  of  undetermined  parasite  of  Atta- 
cus promethea. 

269.  [Walsh,  B.  D.J    [Borer  in  hickory.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  April,  1867,  v. 

2,  p.  85. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  B.  Norris ;  characters  of  young  and  mature  larva  of 
Clytus  [=  Cyllene'i  pictus. 

270.  [Walsh,  B.  D.J     [Apple-tree  plant-lice.J     <Pract.  Ent.,  April, 

1807,  V.  2,  p.  85. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  W^iL^innj  ideatification  of  eggs  of  Aphis  mail;  ene- 
mies of  th*  same.  '  ^ 


BIBLIOGRAPHV    OF    KCONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  37 

271.  "[Walsh,  B.  D.J     [Tulip-tree  bark-louse:  Basket-worm.]     <Pract. 

Kut.,  Ai)ril,  1807,  v.  2,  p.  85. 

AuBwer  to  inquiry  of  L  Kicks;  parasites  and  enemies  of  undescribecl  bark- 
lonse  on  tulin-trcL" ;   Thyridopteryx  ephemvrnformiii  destructive  to  evergreens. 

272.  WjALSHj,  B.  1).     The  grape-vine  Fid ia.     {Fidia  viticida,  new  ape- 

cies.)     <Pract.  Ent.,  May,  18G7,  v.  2,  pp.  87-88,  tig. 

Kavages,  description,  and  figure  of  Fidia  viticida  u.  sp. ;  niodificatiou  of  the 
clasping  organs  of  insects. 

273.  W[alsh],  B.  I).     Enemies  of  the  rice  crop.     <Pract.  Ent,  May, 

1867,  V.  2,  p.  89. 

Injuries  caused  by  and  means  adopted  against  the  water-weevil  [=  Linsorbop- 
trus  .simplex']  and  the  rice-grub  ^IChahpns  trachypygus.l 

214:.  [Walsh,  B.  1).  I  The  canker-worm  once  more.  <Pract.  Ent.,  May, 
1867,  V.  2,  p.  89.  Abstract:  <Cultivator  and  Country  Gentle- 
man, 6  June,  1867,  v.  29,  p.  370. 

Extract  from  and  review  of  W.  G.  C.'s  "My  trials  with  the  canker-worms: 
remedy  "  (Iowa  Homestead,  13  March,  18ti7) ;  sorghum  as  a  means  agamst 
Anisoptvryx. 

275.  W[alshJ,  B.  D.     None  so  blind  as  those  who  shut  their  eyes. 

<Pract.  Ent.,  May,  1867,  v.  2,  pp.  89-90. 

Criticism  of  error  by  editors  of  agricultural  papers ;  rate  of  eastward  i)rog- 
ress  of  Doryphora  lO-Iineata. 

276.  W[alsh],  B.  D.     Sell-taught  entomologists.     <Pract.  Ent ,  May, 

1867,  V.  2,  pp.  91-92. 

Criticism  of  misstatements  foiind  in  agricultural  papers ;  first  occurrence  of 
Doryphora  lO-Jineata  in  Illinois  in  18G4. 

277.  W[alsh],  B.  D.     Pear-tree  and  apple-tree  insects.     <Pract.  Ent., 

May,  1867,  v.  2,  jip.  92-93. 

Food-plants  of  Attacus  cecropia,  Clisiocampa  americaiia,  and  Sapcrda  biriitata 
[  =  Candida']. 

278.  WfALSHj,  B.  D.     More  universal  remedies.     <Pract.  Ent.,  May, 

1867,  V.  2,  p.  93. 
Reprint  and  criticism  of  "  Destruction  of  insects"  (Mo.  Kept.  Hiireau  Agric, 
February,  1867,  ]».  (5(t). 

279.  W[alshJ,  B.  D.     Hop-growing  in  the  W>st.     <Pract.  Ent.,  May, 

1867,  V.  2,  pp.  93-94. 
Occurrence   in  Michigan  of  Phorodon  hitmiiU:    its  destructivcness;  i)opular 
ignorance  of  entomology. 

280.  W[axshJ,  B.  D.     The  wheat    midge— jumping  to   a   conclusion. 

<Pract.  Ent.,  May,  1867,  v.  2,  p.  91. 
Extract,  with  comment,  from  Maryland  Farmer  and  Mechanic,  August,  18().') ; 
Diphais   tritici  not   infested   with    parasites    in  America,    food-habits  of 
Tlirips. 


38  T3IBLI0GRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    P^NTOMOLOGY. 

281.  W[ALSHj,  B.  D.     Tree  cut-worms.     <Pract.  Ent,  May,  1867,  v.  2, 

p.  94. 

"Dark-sided  cut-worm"  an  Agrotis  and  not  Hadena  chenopodii  [=  Mamestra 
trifolii].     See  Nos.  85,2-29. 

282.  W[ALSH],  B.  D.     Quacks  and  physicians.     <Pract.  Ent.,  May, 

1867,  V.  2,  p.  95. 
Criticism  of  proposed  universal  remedy  against  insects  injurious  to  the  rose 
(Westeru  Rural,  30  March,  1867). 

283.  W[ALSH],  B.  D.     The  ephemeron  or  May-fly.     <Pract.  Ent.,  May, 

1867,  V.  2,  p.  95. 
Length  of  duration  of  life  of  Ephemerida;. 

284.  W[alsh],  B.  D.     a  groundless  fear.     <Pract.  Ent.,  May,  1867,  v. 

2,  p.  95. 
Extract  from  Mo.  Rept.  Bureau  Agric,  February,  1867,  p.  02  ;  food-habits  of 
larva  and  imago  of  Lytta  atrata  1=^  Epicauta  pennsylvanica^  ;    places  of 
oviposition. 

285.  W[alsh],  B.  D.     Fire-blight.     <Pract.  Ent.,  May,  1867,  v.  2,  p. 

90. 

Probable  cause. 

286.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Insect  eggs.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  May,  1867,  v.  2,  p. 

96. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  Willocli  ;  identification  of  eggs  of  (Ecanthus  niveus 
and  of  one  of  tbe  Memhracidcv  on  grape  twigs. 

287.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Attacus  cecropia.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  May,  1867,  v. 

2,  p.  90. 

Answer  to  inijuiry  of  J.  B.  H. ;  characters  o£  Attacus  cecropia. 

288.  [Walsh,  B.  D.J     [Twig  pruners.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  May,  1867,  v.  2^ 

p.  96. 

Answer  to  iuquirj'  of  M.  W.  Philips;  twigs  of  pear  and  other  trees  arapii 
tated  in  the  same  manner  as  oak  twigs  by  Elaphidion  putator  [=  vUlo8um\. 

289.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Blister-beetles.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  May,  1867,  v, 

2,  p.  97. 

*  Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  M.  Tracy ;  food-habits,  ravages,  and  means  against 
Lytta  [—  Pomphopua']  wuea;  food-plants  of  L.  [=P.']  tarsalis;  tabular 
separation  of  three  species  of  Lytta  [^=  Pomphopaea^. 

290.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Means  against  Curculio:  CEstridm.]     <Pract. 

Ent.,  May,  1807,  v.  2,  p.  97. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.   Greene;    ineffective  means  against   Conotrachelua 
nenuphar;   ffisirirfaMufestiug  the  ox  and  rabbit. 

291.  [Walsh,  B.  D.J     [Insect  eggs.|     <Pract.  Ent.,  May,  1867,  v.  2, 

p.  97. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  P.  Ferris  ;  identification  of  eggs  of  Cliaiocampa  sylvatica 
1^^=  disatria']  and  Aphis  mali. 


BIBLIOGKAPIIY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  39 

292.  W[ALSH],  B.  D.     The  wheat  midge.     <Pract.  Eiit.,  June,  1SG7,  v. 

2,  pp.  99-101. 

Extract  from  letter  from  S.  S.  Rath  von,  with  remarks;  natural  liistory  of 
Dijylosis  tritici. 

293.  W[alsh],  B.  D.    The  new  or  Colorado  potato-bug.    <Pract.  Eut., 

June,  18G7,  v.  2,  pp.  101-102. 
Distribution,  habits,  aud  extent  of  injuries  o(  Doryphora  lO-Uneata. 

294.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Gall-flies ;  saw-flies. j     <Pract.  Ent.,  June,  1807, 

V.  2,  pp.  102-103. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  M.  W.  Philips;  mention  of  various  insects  which  are 
gall-makers;  their  modes  of  life;  characters  of  the  larvte  of  Cecidomyida- 
and  Tenthredinidw. 

295.  [^VALSH,  B.  D.]     [Bark-beetles.]     <Praot.  Ent.,  June,  18G7,  v.  2, 

p.  103. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  C.  Fish  ;  identification  of  specimens  sent;  habits 
of  Tomicus  2)usillus  {:^  Pityojihthonts  miiiuiissimun}  and  of  T.  ramulorum 
l^I'.  microyraphu.s']. 

296.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Apple  tree  insects.]     <Pract.  Eut,  June,  18G7, 

V.  2,  p.  103. 

Answer  to  inqniry  of  S.  Cassi ;  characters,  food-plants,  and  ravages  of  ArciUi 
\^=  Spilosoma']  virginica;  supposed  work  of  Epicwrus  imtricatus. 

297.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Atfacus  cecrojna.]     <Pract.  Eut.,  June,  1867,  v. 

2,  p.  103. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  McGraw  ;  larv.-e  of  Attacim  cecropia  usually  solitary. 

298.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Grape-vine  flea-beetle.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  June, 

1867,  V.  2,  p.  103. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  Kelley;  hibernation  of  the  imago  of  Haltica  chaly- 
bea;  ravages  and  means  against  the  same. 

299.  [Walsh,  B.  I).]     [Sphyracephala  brevicornis,]     <Pract.  Ent.,  June. 

1867,  V.  2,  p.  103. 
Answer  to  inqniry  of  H.  B.  Howarth  ;  characters  and  habitat  of  Sphyrace- 
phala  hrevicorn'is. 

300.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [May-bug.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  June,  1807,  v.  2,  p. 

103. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  H.  R. ;  characters  and  food-habits  of  the  larva  of 
Lachnosterna  quercina  \_=fu8ca']. 

301.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Blister-beetles:  plant-louse  enemy.]     <Pract. 

Ent.,  June,  1867,  v.  2,  p.  104. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  Dr.  Houghton;  food-habits  of  Lytta  \_=  Pomphopaa'^ 
(pnea  and  L.  [=/'.]  sayi;   Chtlocorns  bivulneru-s  as  a  means  against  Coccidn: 

302.  [Walsh,  B.  I).]     [Blackberry  borers.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  June,  1867, 

V.  2,  p.  104. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  S.  Fuller;  cliaracters  of  undetermined  larva  {.lige- 
riaf)  and  of  Oberea pcrspicillata  \_—bimaculata]  boring  in  blackberrj-  stems; 
food-habits  of  j£gerid(v. 


40  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

303.  W[ALSiij,  B.  D.     Scientific  nomeuclature.     <Pract.  Ent.,  July, 

1SG7,  V.  2,  pp.  105-106. 
Criticism  of  the  practice  of  establishing  new  genera  upon  slight  characters, 
as  illustrated  by  the  American  silk-worms. 

304.  W[alsh],  B.  D.    Currant  plant-iice  {ApJiis  ribis).    <Pract.  Eut., 

July,  1867,  V.  2,  p.  106. 
Method  of  work  of  Aphis  l=:Mysus'\  riMs. 

305.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Lucanus  elaphus.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  July,  1867,  v. 

2,  p.  107. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  Hay  era  ft ;  characters  and  habits  of  Lucanus  elaphua  ; 
rarity  of  the  9  ;  use  of  prolonged  jaws  in  $  insects. 

306.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [New  York  weevil.]     <Pract.  Eut.,  July,  1867, 

V.  2,  p.  107. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  Gregg  ;  habits  and  distribution  of  Ithycerus  novebora- 
censis. 

307.  ["^Valsh,  B.  D.]     [Codling-moth.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  July,  1867,  v.  2, 

p.  107. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  Morey ;  number  of  broods,  habits,  etc.,  of  Carpocapsa 
pomovella. 

308.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Hickory  borer,  etc.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  July,  1867, 

V.  2,  p.  107. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  Wiggins;  times  of  emergence  of  Clytus  [=  Ci/Ueiie'] 
picius  and  C.  [^(7.]  roMniw;  habits  of  Corydalns  cornutus. 

309.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Wasps.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  July,  1867,  v.  2,  p.  107. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  W.  Smith;  food-habits  of  digger-wasps. 

310.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Parasitic  flies,  etc.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  July,  1867, 

V.  2,  pp.  107-108. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  P.  Monks ;  method  of  transformation  of  parasitic 
Hymenoptera  ;  use  of  Latin  plurals  for  English  words. 

311.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Workers  among  Hymenoptera.]     <Pract.  Ent., 

July,  1867,  V.  2,  p.  108. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  \V.  V.  Andrews;  economy  of  workers  among  the  social 
Hymenoptera. 

312.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Cut-worms.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  July,  1867,  v.  2,  p. 

108. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  V.  Abbey  ;  means  against  A(irotis  sp.  ? 

313.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Potato-beetle  enemies.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  July, 

1867,  V.  2,  p.  108. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  Smith;  scutellerid  enemy  of  larva  of  Doryphora  10- 
lineata ;  katydids  as  an  enemy  of  the  same. 

314.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Black-bug.]     <Prtict.  Ent.,  July,  1867,  v.  2,  p. 

108.  '         '  i- 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  R.  Tewksbury ;  characters  and  habits  of  Pirates 
{_=:  Melanolestes'l  picipes. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  41 

315.  fW'ALSU,  B.  D.]     jBurying-beetles.]     <Pract.  Eut.,  July,  1867,  v. 

2,  p.  108. 

Answer  to  iiupiiry  of  A.  D.  Strong;  characters  of  Xecrophorua  marginaiua ; 
liabits  of  Sil2)hidn' ;  uiite  parasites  of  Silphidw  and  other  beetles. 

316.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Insects  named.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  July,  1867,  v.  2, 

p.  108. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  M.  S.  Hill;  identification  of  specimens  sent;  food-i»lants 
of  larva  of  C/icysoHie/rt  l^=  Gastroidea'}  cyanea. 

317.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Spring-tails.J     <Pract.  Ent.,  July,  1867,  v.  2, 

pp.  108-109. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  Daggy ;  characters,  habits,  and  means  against  Po- 
durido\ 

318.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Blackberry  gall  insects.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  July, 

1867,  V.  2,  p.  109. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  Aculeus ;  number  of  abdominal  segments  of  Diastrophus 
and  Aulax  ;  reasons  for  considering  the  former  the  gall-maker  and  the  lat- 
ter the  guest-fly. 

319.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Pine  and  cedar  longicorns.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  July, 

1867,  V.  2,  p.  109. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Barratt;  sexual  characters  and  food-habits  of  Calli- 
dium  antennatutn  and  C.janthinium. 

320.  [Walsh,   B.   D.]     [White-pine  plant-louse,  etc.]     <Pract.   Eut., 

July,  1867,  V.  2,  p.  109. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  H.  Peck;  Lachnits  strobi  on  Pinus  strobus;  undeter- 
mined bark-louse,  with  enormous  lateral  thoracic  plates,  found  on  Rhiit 
glabra. 

321.  [Walsh,  B.  D.J     [Cut- worms.]     <Pract.  Eut.,  July,  1867,  v.  2,  p. 

109. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Townley  ;  food-habits  of  climbing  cut- worms. 

322.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Currant  plant-louse.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  July,  1867, 

V.  2,  pp.  109, 110. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  K.  L.  Walker;  CoccineUidce  as  a  means  against  Aphis 
[=  Myzus'i  ribis. 

323.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Beetles.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  July,  1867,  v.  2,  p.  110. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  I.  A.  Plucke ;  characters  and  food-habits  of  Tetraopes 
tornator  [^^^tetraophlkalmn8'\  and  of  T.  femoratus;  comparative  characters 
of  Chrysomela  bigsbyana  and  of  C.philadelphica  ;  characters  of  Chrysomelidw 
and  CoccincUidiv. 

324.  W[alsh],  B.  D.     Fertilizing  plants.     <Pract.  Ent.,  July,  1867,  v. 

2,  p.  110. 
Part  played  by  insects  in  fertilizing  plants. 

325.  W[ALSH],  B.  D.     The  peach-worm.     <Pract.  Ent.,  July,  1867,  v. 

2,  p.  110. 
LarviE  of  Ephestia  zew  [=  interpitncleUa'j  injurious  to  dried  peaches;  food- 
plants  and  enemies  of  the  same. 


42  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

326.  W[ALSHj,  B.  U.     Valedictory.     <Pract.  Ent.,  August-September, 

1SG7,  V.  2,  p.  111. 
Note  of  thanks  for  aid  received  in  editing  the  Practical  Entomologist. 

327.  W[alsh],  B.  D.     The  State  entomologist  of  Illinois.    <Pract.  Ent., 

August-September,  1867,  v.  2,  p.  111.   Eeprint :  <Can.  Farmer, 
1  October,  1807,  v.  4.     S.-b.,  No.  2,  p.  98. 
Bill  for  appointment  of  State  eutomologist  of  Illinois  not  carried  into  effect. 

328.  W[alsh],  B.  D.     The  three  so-called  army- worms.     <Pract.  Ent., 

August-September,  1867,  v.  2,  pp.  111-114. 

Coufiusion  caused  by  the  use  of  the  same  popular  name  for  Aiiomis  [=  AJetia^ 
xvlina,  Lencania umpuncta,  and CUsiocampas!ilvat\ca\^=:disstria'\ ;  habits,  etc., 
of  the  three  species ;  food-habits  of  their  larvte  ;  characters,  parasites,  and 
means  against  C.  sylvatica  \^=(Hsstria']. 

329.  W[ALSH],  B.  D.     The  little  Turk  and  its  crescent.     <Pract.  Ent., 

August-September,  1867,  v.  2,  pp.  114-115. 
Comments  on  letter  from  F.  C.  Hill';  oviposition  of  Conotrachehis  nenuphar. 

330.  [Walsh,  B.  D.J     Apple-worm.     [Garpocapsa pomo7iella.)     <Pract. 

Ent.,  August-September,  1867,  v.  2,  p.  115. 
Prevalence  of  C.  pomonella  in  1867 ;  food-habits  of  its  larva. 

331.  W[ALSHl,   B.   D.     Spindle-worms.     <Pract.  Ent.,   August-Sep- 

tember, 1867,  V.  2,  pp.  115-116. 
Habits,  etc.,  of  Achatodes  zew  and  of  Gortyna  nitela. 

332.  W[  ALSH],  B.  D.     A  plant  growing  out  of  an  insect.     <Pract.  Ent., 

August-September,  1867,  v.  2,  p.  116. 
Larv.'o  of  Lavhnosterna  fusca  infested  with  Cordyceps  turned  up  by  the  plow 
in  large  numbers;  lfirv;e  supposed  to  have  eaten  poisonous  seed  which  has 
germinated  after  killing  the  larvae ;  sowing  the  seed  as  a  means  against 
the  larvae. 

333.  [Walsh,  B,  D.j     The  imported  gooseberry  saAv-fly.     <Pract.  Ent., 

August-September,  1867,  v.  2,  p.  116. 

Changes  in  the  larva  of  Nemat us  ventricosus  [=  ri'&esti]  during  the  last  moult ; 
ravages  in  Columbia  County,  N.  Y. ;  extent  of  spread  from  Rochester,  N.  Y. 

334.  W[alsh],  B.  D.    The  Colorado  potato-bug.     <Pract.  Ent.,  Au- 

gust-September, 1867,  V.  2,  p.  116. 

Spread  of  Donjphora  10-lineata  into  southern  Michigan  and  western  Indiana. 

335.  W[ALSH],  B.  D.     Apple-tree  plant-lice.     {Aphis  mail.)     <Pract. 

Ent.,  August-September,  1867,  v.  2,  pp.  116-117. 

Effects  of  early  frosts  on  Aphis  mali. 

336.  W[ALSH],  B.  D.     The  tent-caterpillar  of  the  apple-tree.     {Clisio- 

campa  americana.)     <Pract.  Ent.,  August-September,  1867,  v. 
2,  p.  117. 

Scarcity  of  C.  americana  in  1867  due  to  the  abundance  of  an  egg  parasite. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    KNTOMOLOGY.  4-{ 

,337.  [Walsh,  B.  D.l     A  new  foe  of  the  corn.     <PrHct.  Ent.,  August- 
September,  18G7,  V.  2,  pp.  117-118. 

Ravages  and  lU'scription  of  Sphetiophonts  car  ii.  sp.  L='*c»i/p/j/j«]  ;  habits  of 
the  hirva  ami  imago. 

338.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Rhyssa   atrata.]     <Pract.   Eiit.,   August-Sep- 
tember, 1807,  V.  2,  p.  118. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  K.  Smith;  lihijsxa  [=  Tlialesmc]  atrata  ovipositing 
in  bicker  J- .  ' 

330.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Grape-vine  beetles. |     <Pract.  Ent.,  August- 
September,  18G7,  V.  2,  p.  118. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  L.  D.  Morse  ;  ravages  ami   food-plants  of  Fidia  viticida 
and  of  F.  longipes. 

340.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Currant  insects.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  August-Sep- 

tember, 1867,  V.  2,  p.  118. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  M.  Burns;  identification  o(  jEgeria  tipuIiformiH  ; 
mention  of  species  called  currant-worms;  destructiveness  of  2iemati(n  veii- 
iricosus  [=>n"&esiij. 

341.  [Walsh,  B.D.]     [Rascal  leaf-crumpler.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  August- 

September,  18G7,  V.  2,  p.  118. 
Answer  to  ini^uiry  of  J.  M.  K. ;  times  of  transformation  and  means  against 
Phycita  nebulo  l^^AcrobasiH  indiginella']. 

342.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Strawberry  enemy.]    <Pract.  Ent.,  August- 

September,  1807,  V.  2,  p.  118. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  Faxon  ;  characters,  habits,  and  means  against  Poly- 
desmus  serraius  ;  roots  of  strawberry  plants  injured  by  the  same. 

343.  [Waxsh,  B.  D.]     [Eight-spotted  forester.]    <Pract.  Ent,  August- 

September,  18G7,  V.  2,  p.  118. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  Gilbert;  charactei-s  and  food-plants  of  Ahjpia  octo- 
macula  ta. 

344.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Maple  bark-louse.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  August-Sep- 

tember, 1867,  V.  2,  p.  119. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  B.  W.  McLain  ;  characters  of  undescribed  coccid  on 
maple. 

345.  [Waxsh,  B.  D.j     [Apple-tree  bark-lice.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  August- 

September,  1867,  V.  2,  p.  119. 
Answer  to  in<]uiry  of  A.  Gilbert;  identification  of  Aspidiolnx  haninii  [=i  Chi- 
onasjiis  furf urns']  and  of  A.  conchiformia  [_=  MytUaapix  j>omonim]  on  applu- 
trees. 

346.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Habits  of  larvfe  and  pupa'.j     <Pract.  Ent., 

August-September,  1867,  v.  2,  p.  119. 
Answer  to  inciuiry  of  M.  M.  S. ;  insects  whicli  transform  under  ground  enter 
the  earth  in  the  larval  stage;  apparatus  used  by  i)U|i.e  in   forcing  their 
way  to  the  snrfact;  of  the  ground. 

347.  [Walsh,  B.D.]     [Potato  beetle.s:  Cicindela  sex'(/uttata.\    <Pract. 

Ent.,  August-Soi)tember,  1867,  v.  2,  }).  119. 
Answer  to  imiuiry  of  P.  B.  8il)iey  ;  mention  of  Lytta  cina'ea   [=:  J/acrofta«i» 
unicoiorli,  and  of  Doryphora  lO-Uneafa  as  destructive  to  potato  vines;  sup- 
posed larval  habits  of  Cicindela  nex-guttata. 


44  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

348.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Wavy-striped  flea-beetle.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  Au- 

gust-September, 1867,  V.  2,  p.  119. 
Answer  to   iiKiuiry   of    E.   T.    Snelling ;     food-habits   of    Haltica    striolata 
l=Ph\jUotntta  vittata']. 

349.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Parasites  of  cut-worms.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  Au- 

gust-September, 1867,  V.2,  p.  119. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Edgertou  ;  metamorphoses  of  tachinid  parasites  of 
Xocttiidw. 

350.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Eggs  on  sugar-maple.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  August- 

September,  1867,  V.  2,  p.  119. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  Prichard  ;  egg-rings  of  CUsiocampa  americana?  on 
sngar-maple. 

351.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Click-beetles.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  August-Septem- 

ber, 1867,  V.  2,  p.  119. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  H.  Foster,  jr. ;  food-habits  of  Melanotus  communis 
and  of  Monocrepidius  vespertinns. 

352.  [Walsh,  B.D.]     \Ghrysobofhrisfemorata.]    <Pract.  Ent.,  August- 

September,  1867,  V.  2,  p.  119. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  J.  Kelly;  food-hal)its  of  Chrysohothris  femorata. 

353.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Gall  on  chestnut.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  August-Sep- 

tember, 1867,  V.  2,  p.  119. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  Kite;  mention  of  an  undetermined  Phylloxera  gall 
on  the  flower-catkin  of  the  chestnut. 

354.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Grape-vine  beetle:  Bugs.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  Au- 

gust-September, 1867,  V.  2,  p.  119. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  B.  F.  Lazear;  habits  of  Pelidnota. punctata;  swarming 
of  Cofimelcena 2>i(Ucaria;  defensive  odors  of  Heteroptera. 

355.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Squash-vine  insects.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  August- 

September,  1867,  V.  2,  p.  120. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  H.  Parsons;  larval  habits  of  Diabrotica  vittata;  con- 
fusion caused  by  popular  names. 

356.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]    [Mites.]    <Pract.  Ent.,  August-September,  1867, 

V.  2,  p.  120. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  Carpenter;  characters  and  life-habits  of  Acarina. 

357.  [Walsh,   B.   D.]     [Haltica  cucumeris.]     <Pract.  Ent,   August- 

September,  1867,  V.  2,  p.  120. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  S. ;  food-habits  of  Haltica  [=  Crepidodera']  cucumeris. 

358.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Insects  named.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  August-Sep- 

tember, 1867,  V.  2,  p.  120. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  M.  H.  Boye  ;  food-habits  of  Conotrachehis  crata'gi, 
Melanotus  communis,  Pelidnota  punctata,  Deamocerus  palliatus,  Lucidota  afra, 
Podabrus  rugnlosus,  and  P.  nwdeitus;  variation  of  Haltica  l^Crepidodera^ 
IwJxines;  characters  of  Dolerus  arrensis. 


HIBLIOGKArilY    OF    ECUNUMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  45 

359.  (Walsh,  P..  D.]     [Insects  uamed.)     <Pract.  Ent.,  Auj,nist-Sep- 
tember,  18G7,  v.  2,  p.  120. 

Auswer  to  imiuiry  of  H.  Burt;  icIeDtification  of  aevenil  insects;  climbing 
habits  of  cut-woiius. 

300.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Hickory-galls.]     <Pract.  Eiit.,  August-Septem- 
ber, 18G7,  V.  2,  p.  120. 
Auswer  to  inquiry  of  W.  C.  Fish;   characters  of  galls  made  by  Phylloxera 
canjivglobuli  and  i'.  varjiwcaulis;  identification  of  several  beetles. 

361.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]      [Yellow  swallow-tail;    Rose-beetle.]     <Pract. 

Eut.,  August-Sei)tember,  1867,  v.  2,  p.  120. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Barratt ;  identification  of  i'ajjiZjo  turnuii;  transforma- 
tion and  ravages  of  Macrodactylus  subspinosua. 

362.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Blister-beetles.]     <Pract.  Eut.,  August-Sep- 

tember, 1867,  V.  2,  p.  120. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  D.  W.  Kauflfman  ;  food-plants  and  characters  of  Macro-' 
basis  murina  [=  MHico/or]  and  of  Epicauta  airata  [_= })enusi/lvanica']. 

363.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Tent-caterpillars.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  August-Sep- 

tember, 1807,  V.  2,  p.  121. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  R.  Williams;  occnrrence  of  Clisiocanwa  americana 
on  pear-trees  and  of  ('.  sylvatica  \_=distria'\  on  black-walnut. 

364.  [Walsh,  B.  D.]     [Currant-worms.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  August-Sep- 

tember, 1807,  V.  2,  p.  121. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  H.  Mills;  characters  of  the  larva  of  Xeinafiis  veiitri- 
cosiis  \^=7-ibesii'\,  oi  EUopial=^  Eufitchial  ribearia,  and  of  Pristiphora  groasu- 
1aria\. 

365.  [Walsh,  B.  D.j     [Potato-beetle  enemies.]     <Pract.  Ent.,  August- 

September,  1807,  V.  2,  p.  121. 
Answer  to  imiuiry  of  W.   Mans;  description  and  habits  of  Lebia  tjrandis; 
hemipterous  enemies  of  Doryphora  10-Uneata. 

366.  W[alsh],  B.  I).     The  Colorado  potato-bug.     <Pract.  Ent.,  Au- 

gust-September, 1867,  V,  2,  p.  121. 
Extract  from  Mo.  Kept.  U.  S.  Agric.  Bureau,  1866,  p.  344 ;  doubts  the  occur- 
rence of  Doryphora  lO-Uneaia  in  Pennsylvania. 

367.  [Walsh,  B.  D.J     Entomology.    < Prairie  Farmer,  December,  1867, 

[v.  36],  n.  s.,  V.  20,  pp.  358-350. 
Address,  with  discussion  by  others,  at  the  third  annual  meeting  of  the  South- 
ern Illinois  Fruit  Growers  and  Shippers' Association  ;  ravages  and  means 
against  Pemphigus  pyri  \_=  Sehizoneura  lauigcra],  Carpocapsa  pomonella, 
Trypeta  povionella.  Scmasia  l==Gra2)holitha'\  pruinivora,  CuUodcs  [~Crapo- 
nius]  inwqualis,  CouotracheUis  nenuphar. 

368.  Walsh,  B.  D.     The  grasshoppers.     <Iowa  Homestead,  15  Jan- 

uary, 1868  (V.  13'?),  p.  0.     S.-b.,  No.  2,  p.  119. 
Range  of  swarms  of  Caloptenua  apretua  in  Iowa  in  1867. 

369.  Walsh,  B.  D.     Birds  vs.  insects.     < Prairie  Farmer,  1868,  [v.  37], 

n.  s.,  V.  21;    30  May,  pp.  346-317;  6  June,  pp.  362-363;  13 
June,  pp.  378,  379. 


46  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

370.  Walsh,  B.  D.    The  seventeen-year  locust.     <Dixie  Farmer,  11 

June,  1868.     S.-b.,  No.  3,  p.  '23. 
Periodicity  and  local  distribution  of  the  various  broods  of  Cicada  [=  Tibicen} 
septendeclm. 

371.  Walsh,  B.  D.    Entomological.    Do  locusts  sting  |   <Chicago  Re- 

publican, 1868.     S.-b.,  No,  3,  p.  25. 
Sting  of  Cicada  not  poisonous;  sting  of  Stiziis  grandis  \_-=  Sphecius  specioaus'\ 
mistaken  for  it;  habits  of  the  Stizus. 

372.  Walsh,  B.  D.    The  bug-hunter  in  Egypt.     A  journal  of  an  ento- 

mological tour  into  south  Illinois  by  the  senior  editor.  <  Amer. 
Eut.,  1868,  V.  1;  September,  pp.  6-14,  figs.  1-7;  October,  pp. 
29-36,  figs.  23-29. 
Habits  and  tignres  of  Macronema  zebratum,  Falinrjema  [=  Hexagenial  bilineata, 
Cicada  sp.,  Stizus  grandis  [=  Sjihecius  sjjeriosus],  Xyiocopa  Carolina  [=  rtj-. 
ginica'\,  and  Anihophora  sjyonsa  [=  ubrtqjia}  ;  sting  of  Cicada  not  poisonous, 
that  of  the  Stizus  mistaken  for  it;  habits  of  Conotrachelus  nenuphar;  de- 
scription of  Hull's  Curculio-catcher;  Conotrachelus  anaghjpticus  and  Colas- 
pis  sp.  injurious  to  j)lum-trees  ;  figures  of  lUiopahis  sp.  and  Euryomia  [=  Eu- 
phoria'] melancholica  injurious  to  pear-trees ;  figure  and  habits  of  Metapodius 
nasalus  \^^:^  J'cmoratus~\  ;  predaceous  habits  of  Arma  1^=  Fodisiis'\  spinosus, 
Evagoras  viridis  [=  Diplodus  luridus'],  and  Stirelrus  fimbriatus  \^=z  anchoragoy, 
work  of  Aspidioius  harrisii  [=  Chionaspis  furfui-us]  upon  pear,  and  of  Ceci- 
domyia  [=  Dii)losis'\  tritici  in  wheat ;  occurrence  of  Endrosa  1= Laehnosterna'\ 
quercus,  Doryphorajuncta,  and  Trichius  delta  in  Illinois  ;  mite  enemy  of  Aspi- 
diotua  conrhij'ormis  [=  Mytilaspis pomorum'] ;  injury  to  fruit  by  Apis  melUfica  ; 
hot  water  as  a  means  against  Schizoneura  lanigera  ;  habits  and  figures  of 
Chrysopa  sp.  ;  figures  oi  Aspidoglossa  subangulata,  Harpalus  pennsylvanicus, 
and  Evarthrus  orbatus ;  figures  and  descriptions  of  larva  of  a  carabid  aud 
of  Chauliognathus  pennsylvanicus ;  Curculio-feediug  habits  of  Carabidw. 

373.  Walsh,  B.  D.    First  annual  report  on  the  noxious  insects  of  the 

State  of  Illinois.     <Trans.  111.  State  Hortic.  Soc.  for  1867,  n.  s., 
V.  1,  Appendix.     Separate:  <Chicago,  1868,  103  pp.,  tigs.  1-3. 

table  of  CONTENTS. 

Introductok Y 3 

ChaptkkI.  The  grape  Curculio.    Caliodes[=^  Craponius']  ina'gualisSaby. 

Its  history — Guest  insects,  parasites,  and  cannibals — Remedy 13 

Chai'TEU  2.  The  grape-leaf  gall-louse.     Dactylospiuvra  vitifoliw,  Fitch 
[=  Phylloxera  vastatrix^. 
Peculiar  to  the  Clinton  and  other  cultivated  varieties  of  Frost 

grape — Practical  inference  therefrom 21 

Chapter  3.  The  rose-bug.     Macrodactylus  subspinosus  Linn. 

Device  for  destroying  it  on  grape-vines 24 

Chapter  4.  The  grape-root  borer.     Nigeria  [:=  Sciapteron'\  polistiformis 
Harris. 

Its  history — Its  scientific  nomenclature — Remedies 24 

Chapter  5.  The  apple-worm  or  codling-moth.     Carpocapsa  pomonella 
Linn. 

Double-brooded — Practical  inference  therefrom — Remedies 27 

Chapter  6.  The  apple-maggot  fly.     Tr ypeta  2)omoneria  V^^a.\sb. 

Occurs  at  present  only  in  certain  Eastern  States  on  the  apple, 
though  it  was  found  long  ago  in  Illinois  on  the  crab— Its  history.        89 


BIBLIOGKAPHY    OIT    ECO.NOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  47 

373.  Walsh,  B.  D.— Continued. 

Chapter?.  The  rascal  leuf-ciuinpler.     rhyoita  vebulo  Wa\sh  \_=  Aero- 
basi>t  ivd'Kjinelhil. 
A  iJecnliarly  Xorthwestern  species,  not  found  either  East  or  South — 
Easilj'  destroyed 'M 

Chapters.  The  oyster-shell  bark-louse.    J.s2)idiotus  coiicliiJ'orini»  iinial. 
[=  2l!jiil(is2)is  pomorum'\. 

Its  history — Loses  almost  all  its  organs  when  only  a  few  days  old, 
and  becomes  thenceforth  as  stationary  as  a  cabbage — How  it 
spreads  from  tree  to  tree — Mites  and  their  natural  history — Plant- 
feeding  mites,  parasitic  mites,  and  cannibal  mites — The  bark- 
louse  largely  prejed  on  by  a  minute  cannibal  mite — Useless  and 

useful  remedies 34 

Chapter  9.  Harris'  bark-louse.      Aapidiotus  harrisii    Walsh    \_=Chi- 
onaspis  finfuru8'\. 

How  it  dili'ers  from  the  preceding — The  geographical  distribution.        53 
Chapter   10.    The    apple-root    plant-louse.       Pcmpliigus   pyri    Fitch 
[=  Schizonetira  laiii(jera'\. 

Often  confounded  in  Illinois  with  the  true  "Woolly  plant-louse" — 
The  differences — Its  history — Causes  a  form  of  "rotten-root" — 

Its  supposed  cannibal  foes — Remedies 55 

Chapter  11.  The  plum  Curculio.     ConoirachcluH  nenuphar  Herbst. 

Its  history — Its  peculiar  crescent  cut  explained — Double-brooded — 
Its  supposed  enemies,  the  so-called  "Cnrculio  parasite"  and  the 

Baltimore  oriole — Remedies 64 

Chapter  12.  The  plum-gouger.     Anthonomus 2)ri('ticidaVt'A\sh.[_=Coc- 
cotorus  ncutellari^l. 

Bores  a  round  hole  in  the  plum,  instead  of  a  crescent  cut — How 
and  why  it  does  this — Differs  in  many  other  respects  from  the 

Curculio - 72 

Chapter  13.  The    plum-moth.      Semasia    [=(7r«j>/io?i7//a]    jyrinnvora 
Walsh. 

Its  history — Probably  a  guest-moth,  and  therefore  not  injurious..         78 
(Chapter  14.  The  hateful  grasshopper,     Calopienm  spretiis  Walsh. 

The  Rocky  Mountains  its  natural  home — Invades  in  certain  years 
certain  neighboring  districts,  such  as  Texas,  Missouri,  Kansas, 
Nebraska,  and  Iowa — Lays  there  millions  of  eggs,  which  develop 
into  barren  grasshoppers  only — Invasion  of  180C — Damage  done 
by  the  young  grasshoppers  in  the  spring  of  1807 — In  Kansas 
about  one-eighth  of  the  field  crops  and  seven-eighths  of  the  gar- 
den crops  destroyed  by  them— Grashopper  invasions  of  A.  D. 
1820,  1856,  18.57,  1864,  and  1867— Probable  results  in  1868  of 
the  invasion  of  1867 — Has  never  yet  come  within  115  miles  of 
Illinois— Can  not  spread  into  Illinois  as  the  Colorado  potato-bug 
has  done— Reasons  why,  in  all  human  probability,  it  can  never 
reach  Illinois  at  all 82 

374.  Walsh,  B.  D.    A  friend  unmasked.     <Amer.  Ent.,  November, 

18G8,  V.  1,  pp.  51-o2,  lig.  55. 

Description  and  figures  of  larva  and  adult  of  t'hatiUognathns  penimjlvanicus  \ 
characters  and  habits  of  the  Telephoridce, 


48  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

375.  AVaish,  B.  D.    Appendix  to   the  article  ou  "Wasps  and  their 

habits,"  in  No.  7.  <Amer.  Ent.,  April,  1869,  v.  1,  pp.  162-164. 
Habits  of  Chrysididxp;  descriptious  of  .S/i^MS  \^Megasnzu8']  brevipevnis  n.  sp., 
Jgenia  subcorlicalis  n.  sp.,  A.  archfteciits  Say,  A.  cupida  Cress.,  A.  bombycina 
Cress.,  Ceropales  rufiventris  n.  sp.,aud  Ammophila  pictipennls  n.  sp. ;  -tabular 
separation  of  the  genera  of  Sphecidw.     See  No.  543. 

376.  Walsh,  B.  D.    Mr.  Couper's  thorn-leaf  gall.     <Ca.  Ent.,  15  April, 

1869,  V.  1,  pp.  79-80. 
Description  of  cecidomyidous  leaf-gall  on  Cratwgua;  mentions  of  three  addi- 
tional Cecidoniyidous,  and   an  Acaridous  gall  on  the  same;   Antlionomus 
cratayi  iuquilinous  in  gall  on  Cratwgus. 

377.  Walsh,  B.  D.    The  six  worst  insect  enemies  of  the  trait  growers 

in  northern  Illinois.  <Traus.  North.  111.  Hortic.  Soc.  for  1867- 
'68,  pp.  91-96. 
Treats  of  Carpocapsa pomonella,  Aspidiotus  conchiformis  l=-Myti1a8pi8pomorum'i, 
Aniaopteryx  [=  PaZeacrtto]  ceritaia,  Sapcrda  birittaia  l:^  caridida'],  Chrysu- 
hothria  femorata,  Conotrachelus  nenuphar,  and  Anthonomus  prunicida  l=Coc- 
cotorus  8cuteUaris'\. 

378.  Walsh,  B.  D.    Squash  borer.    <Cultivator  and  Country  Gentle- 

man, 30  September,  1869,  v.  34,  p.  256.  Extract:  <Prairie 
Farmer,  30  October,  1869. 

Characters  of  larva  and  imago  of  JEgeria  cucurbitw  [=  MelUtiaceto'] ;  natural 
history,  means  against,  and  distribution  of  the  same. 

379.  Walsh,  B.  D.    Apple-tree  borers.     <Journ.  111.  State  Agric.  Soc. 

Eeprint:  <Trans.  111.  State  Agric.  Soc,  v.  5,  pp.  499-501. 

Comparative  differences  between  Saperda  and  Chrysohothris;  son,]}  as  a  means 
against  the  same. 

380.  Walsh,  B.  D.    On  a  species  of  Hemiteles  {Ichneuynonidce),  ascer- 

tained by  the  editor  to  be  parasitic  in  Canada  on  the  imported 
currant-worm  fly  {Xematus  ventricosus  Klug).  <Can.  Ent.,  1 
October,  1869,  v.  2,  pp.  9-12. 

Division  of  Hemiteles  into  two  groups  ;  description  of  H.  nemativorus  u.  sp.; 
larval  and  pupal  history  of  the  same  by  C.  J.  S.  Bethune. 

381.  Walsh,  B.  D.    The  imported  currant-worm  fly  {Nematus  ventri- 

cosus Klug)  and  its  parasite  {Hemiteles  nemativorus  Walsh)* 
<Ca.  Ent.,  15  November,  1869,  v.  2,  pp.  31-33. 
Correction  of  errors  in  No.  380 ;  sexual  characters  of  Hemiteles ;  variation  in 
the  time  at  which  the  imago  state  is  assumed  by  hibernating  insects ; 
heteropterous  enemies  of  Nematus  ventricosus  l=ribesii']. 

382.  Walsh,  B.  D.    Larvse  in  the  human  bowels.    One  of  Mr.  Walsh's 

posthumous  articles.  <Amer.  Ent.,  March,  1870,  v.  2,  pp.  137- 
141,  fig.  93. 

Characters  and  habits  of  larval  Homalomyia;  description  of  the  larva  of  H. 
tvihoni,  H.  leidyi,  and  H.  prunivora  n.  spp. ;  mention  of  recorded  cases  of 
diptera  in  the  human  bowels;  figures  larva  of  H.  wdsoni. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  49 

383.  Walsh,  B.  D.   One  day's  journal  of  a  State  entomologist.    <Amer. 

Ent.  and  Bot.,  May,  1870,  v.  2,  pp.  197-199. 
Sketch  of  aa  average  day's  work  of  a  State  eatomologist. 

384.  Walsh,  B.  D.     On  the  group  Enrytomides  of  the  hymenopterous 

family  Chalcidichc,  with  remarks  on  the  theory  of  species  and 
a  description  of  Antigastcr,  a  new  and  very  anomalous  genus 
of  Clialcididce.  <xVmer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  1870,  v.  2,  September, 
pp.  297-301,  fig.  1,  2 ;  October,  pp.  329-335,  fig.  3-G ;  Decem- 
ber, pp.  367-370,  fig.  7-10. 

Descriptions,  habits,  and  figures  of  many  Eurytomides;  synoptic  tables  of 
the  species  of  Eurytoma  and  Decatoma.  For  a  list  of  the  new  species  see 
the  Systematic  Index. 

385.  Walsh,  B.  D.      Descriptions  of  North  American  Hymenoptera. 

<Traus.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  7  May— 0  June,  1873,  v.  3,  pp.  G5- 
166,  fig. 
Printed  posthumously,  with  notes  by  E.  T.  Cresson  ;  description  of  many  pre- 
viously described  Tenthredinidce  and  Ichneumonida;;  five  (5)  new  genera  and 
forty- five  (45)  new  species  of  Ichneumonidw  are  described,  for  a  list  of 
which  see  the  Systematic  Index;  figures  venation  of  front  wing  of  Ichneu- 
mon. • 

4  ENT 


U.S.  DEPARTMENT  OF  A(;RICULTURE. 

DIVISIOX    OF    ENTOMOLOGY. 


BIBLIOGEAPIIY 


THE  MOKE  IMPORTANT  CONTRIBUTIONS 


TO 


AMERICAN  ECONOMIC  ENTOMOLOGY. 


PREPARED,  BY  AUTHORITY  OF  THE  SECRETARY  OF  AGRICULTURE. 

Br 

SAMUEL    HENS HAW. 


PART    II. 

THE  MORE  IMPORTANT  JOINT  WRITINGS 

OF 

B.  D.  WALSH  and  C.  V.  RILEY. 


WASHINGTON: 

GOVERNMENT   PRINTING    OFFICE. 

1889. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  THE  MORE  IMPORTANT  COxXTRIBUTIONS  TO 
AMERICAN  ECONOMIC  ENTOMOLOCY. 


PART    II. 


380.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Kiley.]  Salutatory.  To  the  agricult- 
urists and  horticulturists  of  the  United  States.  <Amer.  Ent., 
September,  18G8,  v.  1,  pp.  1-3. 
Importance  aud  extent  of  the  ravages  of  insects  ;  practicability  of  the  dimi- 
niitiou  of  these  ravages;  vahie  of  entomological  work  ;  aims  of  the  Amiri- 
can  Entomologist. 

387.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]     Hogs  vs.  bugs.  <Amer.  Ent., 

September,  18G8,  v.  1,  pp.  3-G. 

Effectiveness  of  swine  as  a  means  against  Conotrachelus  nenuphar  and  Carpo. 
capsa  pomoneUa ;  qnotations  showing  good  results  from  pasturing  swine  in 
fruit  orchards. 

388.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]     Insect  changes.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  September,  18GS,  v.  1,  p.  G.     • 

Defiuition  of  the  different  stages  of  insect  transformation. 

389.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]    A  new  bark-louse  on  the 

osage  orange.     <Amer.  Ent.,  September,  18GS,  v.  1,  p.  14,  fig.  8. 
Seasons,  food-plants,  characters,  aud  figures  of  Lecanium  maclura    n.  sp., 
\_^  Pulvinaria  innumerahilis'}  and  of  L.  acericola  n.  sp.  [=  P.  innumerabiU>i'\ ; 
characters  and  economic  imjjortance  of  the  genus  Aspid'wtuH. 

390.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]     Entomological  ignorance  in 

the  South.     <Amer.  Ent.,  September,  1SG8,  v.  1,  pp.  14-1(1. 
Reprint  and  criticism  of  article,  "  How  to  destroy  the  cotton-worm — a  sug- 
gestion." 

391.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]    Grasshoppers.    <Amer.  Ent., 

September,  18G8,  v.  1,  p.  IG. 

Ravages  of  Acrididw  in  Illinois,  Iowa,  and  Missouri ;  mention  of  the  species 
committing  these  ravages ;  means  against  the  same. 

392.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Eiley.]    Tlie  old  and  the  new  ])hiloso- 

phy.     <Amer.  Ent.,  September,  18G8,  v.  1,  p.  17. 
Defense  of  the  practical  application  of  science. 

393.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Eiley.]   The  animal  kingdom.  <Amer. 

Ent,  September,  18G8,  v.  1,  pp.  17-18. 
Definition  of  the  "four  g^and  branches  of  the  animal  kingdom;"  mention 
of  their  respective  classes. 

53 


54  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

394.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Ad  interim  committees. 

<Amer.  Eut.,  September,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  18. 
Duties  of  ad  interim  committees  of  horticultural  societies  ;  the  Amerieari  En- 
tomologist ready  to  publish  any  scieutific  discoveries  or  observations  with 
regard  to  rots  or  diseases  of  a  vegetal  nature. 

395.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.J    On  our  table.    <Amer.  Ent., 

September,  18G8,  v.  1,  p.  18. 
Notice  of  W.  H.  Edwards's  "The  butterflies  of  North  America,"  pt.  1 ;  of  A. 
S.  Packard,  jr.'s  "  Guide  to  the  study  of  insects,"  pt.  2;  and  of  the  "Cana- 
dian Entomologist,"  v.  1,  No.  1. 

396.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    "Fire-flies."    <Amer.  Ent., 

September,  1808,  v.  1,  p.  19,  tig.  9. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  McC. ;  characters  and  transformations  of  Photinus 
pyralis ;  figures  larva,  with  details  of  structure,  pupa,  and  imago. 

397.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley^]    A  new  grape  root-borer. 

<Amer.  Eut.,  September,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  19. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  D.  F.  Lummis ;  characters  and  ravages  of  an  unde- 
termined lougicorn  larva;  food-habits  of  Orthosoma  cylindricum  [^^brun- 
neum'\. 

398.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Bugs  on  grape-vines  mistaken 

for  chinch-bugs.     <Amer.  Ent.,  September,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  19. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  F.   Hecker ;  characters,  ravages,  and  food-plants  of 
Blissus  leucojiterus  and  of  Piesma  cinerea. 

399.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Leaf-hoppers  of  the  grape. 

<Amer.  Eut.,  September,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  19. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  F.  Hecker;  characters  and  ravages  of  Proconia  [=  On- 
cometopia'\  iindata. 

400.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Leaf  bugs.    <Amer.  Ent., 

September,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  19. 

Answer  to  inciuiry  of  C  H.  Peck  ;  food-habits  of  Tingis  [=:  Gargaphia'\  tilice 
and  of  T.  [^  Coriithuca]  ciliata  ;  punctures  on  leaves  caused  by  Hemiptera. 

401.  [Walsh,  B.  D,,  and  0.  y.  Riley.]     Potato  bugs.    <Amer.*  Ent., 

1868,  V.  1,  October,  pp.  21-27,  fig.  10-19 ;  November,  pp.  41- 
49,  fig.  33-48. 
Failure  of  popular  authors  to  distinguish  between  the  different  insects  in- 
festing the  potato  plant;  brief  accounts  and  figures  of  one  or  more  stages 
of  the  following  species:  Gorti/na  nitela,  Bai-idiiis  [=  Trichobarisli  trinotata, 
Sphinx  b-macnlata  [=  Prokyparcc  ceUus],  Lytta  [=  Epicauta']  vittata,  L.  atrata 
[=£.  pennsijlvanicali,  L.  marginata  [=£.  cinerea'\,  L.  cinerea  \_^=Macro- 
hasis  unicolor'],  L.  murina  [=J/.  unicolor'],  Lema  trilineata,  and  Haltica 
l=Crepidodcra]  aicumeris;  migrations,  habits,  enemies,  and  means  against 
Dorgphora  10-Uneata ;  figures  of  all  stages  of  D.  lO-lineata  and  D.  juncta 
aud  of  numerous  enemies  of  the  former. 

402.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    "Grasshoppers."    Their  de- 

vastations in  western  Iowa  aud  the  good  that  has  resulted 
from  them.    <Amer.  Ent.,  October,  1868,  v.  1,  pp.  27-28. 
Letter  of  M.  C.  Nickerson,  with  comments;  seeds  of  Filfa  vaginceflora  carried 
by  "grasshoppers." 


UIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    KCONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  55 

403.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    An  apple  growing  on  a  grape- 

vine.    <Anier.  Ent.,  October,  18G8,  v.  1,  p.  L'8. 

Extract  from  liichmoud  (  Va.)  Whvj,  with  criticism  ;  a  gall  of  Cecuhmyia  riiia- 
pomum  mistaken  for  an  apple  growiug  on  a  grape-vine.     See  No8.  :132,4:J6, 

478. 

404.  [Walsh,  B.   D.,   and   C.  V.  Eiley.]     Ticks   and  Texas  fever. 

<Anier.  Ent.,  October,  18G8,  v.  1,  p.  28. 

Improbability  that  Ixodes  boi'io  is  the  canse  of  the  Texas  fever  of  cattle. 

405.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Kiley.]    Scientific  symbols.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  October,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  28.    Reprint :  <Op.  cit.,  Novem- 
ber, 18G9,  V.  2,  p.  50. 
Explanation  of  the  use  of  the  signs  designating  the  sexes. 

40G.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     A  swarm  of   butterflies. 
<Amer.  Ent.,  October,  1868,  v.  1,  pp.  28-29,  figs.  20-22. 
Record  of  swarms  of  Danais  archippus  ;  food-plant  of  larva;  ti<Tures  larva 
chrysalis,  and  imago. 

407.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    The  sting  of  the  17-year 

Cicada.     <Ainer.  Ent.,  October,  1868,  v.  1,  i)p.  .36-37. 
Communications  from  F.  W.  Collins,  R.  Richardson,  and  H.  Borden,  on  the 
reputed  sting  of  Cicada  [=  Tibicen'}  septendecim  and  on  the  habits  of  Stizua 
grandis  [=  Sphecius  speciosusl. 

408.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    On  our  table.    <Amer.  Ent., 

October,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  37. 

Notice  of  "The  insect  world,"  by  L.  Figuier. 

409.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]    Squash-bug ;  its  change  of 

color.    <Amer.  Ent.,  October,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  37. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Periam  ;  changes  of  color  of  Corcus  [=  Anasa]  tristis 
during  its  metamorphoses. 

410.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  RILEY^]     White  grub;  immunity  from 

it  next  year  in  Clinton  County,  Mo.     <Amer.  Ent.,  October, 
1868,  V.  1,  p.  37. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  P.  McCartney  ;  life-habits  of  Lack noaterna  fusca. 

411.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley\]    Insect  enemies  of  the  Colo- 

rado potato  beetle.     <Amer.  Ent.,  October,  1868,  v.  l,p.  37. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  H.  Kriedelbaugh  ;   identification  of  three  insect 
enemies  of  Doryphora  \0-Uneata. 

412.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  RILEY^]     "Harvest-bugs"  in  America, 

misnamed  "jiggers."     <Amer.  Ent.,  October,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  38. 
Answer  to  imjuiry  of  M.  McKenzio;  habits  of  parasitic  Acarina;  distribution 
of  and  injuries  caused  by  Sarcopsylla  penetrans. 

413.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Insects  named.    <Amer.  Ent, 

October,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  38. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  T.  Smith;  food-plants  of  Aphis  mali  and  of  Noto- 
donta  \^^ Qildcmasia']   concinna;   Canxpoplex  \^=^  Limneria'\  fiujiiiva  parasitic 
on  larva  of  Euchatea  egle. 

414.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]    Grapes  cut  off  by  the  tree 

cricket.     <Amer.  Ent.,  October,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  'dS^  fig.  30-31. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  H.  Tice;  food-habits  of  (Ecanthus  niveus ;  deposition 
of  eggs ;  figures  both  sexes. 


56  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF   ECONOMIC   ENTOMOLOGY. 

415.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    The  Buffalo  tree-hopper. 
<Amer.  Ent.,  October,  18G8,  v.  1,  p.  38. 
Aussver  to  inquiry  of  P.  Rickert ;  characters,  habits,  aud  means  against  Ce- 
resa  buhalus. 

41G.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     A  scavenger  mistaken  for  a 
foe.     <Amer.  Ent.,  October,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  38. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  Simmons  and  Tillson;  characters  aud  habits  of  the 
larva  of  Copris  Carolina. 

417.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Insect  foes  of  the  bark-louse. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  October,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  39,  fig.  32. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Weed;  habits  aud  figures  of  larva  and  imago  of 
Cliilocorus  bivulnerus;  food-habits  aud  figure  of  Epilachna  horealis. 

418.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Best  works  on  entomology. 

<Anier.  Ent,  October,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  39c 
Auswer  to  inquiry  of  B.  M.  Reynolds;  mention  of  several  important  works 
ou  entomology. 

419.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Larvse  in  plum-gum.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  October,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  39. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  P.  Rickert;  unknown  larva  (probably  dipterous)  found 
in  gum  of  plum  tree;  Mycetophila  sp.,  bred  from  gum  of  peach-tree. 

420.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Insect  foes  of  the  hop  vine. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  October,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  39. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  C.  Freeman  ;  characters  and  habits  of  larva  of  Sa- 
turnia  1= Hyperchiria']  io  and  of  Vanessa  \^=Grapta'\  interrogationis. 

421.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Insect  foe  of  the  apple-tree 

borer.     <Amer.  Ent.,  October,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  39. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  E.  Walker;  undetermined  carabid  larva  preying 
upon  larva  of  Saperda  Candida. 

422.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Oak  tree  caterpillars.  <Amer. 

Ent.,  October,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  39. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  W.  Daniells  ;  characters  and  habits  of  larva  oi Edema 
albifrons. 

423.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Bark-lice  on  apple  trees. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  October,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  40. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  G.  Fleck  ;  Mytilaspis  pomorum  destroyed  by  a  miHiite 
mite. 

424.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    The  "saddle-back"  cater- 

pillar.    <Amer.  Ent.,  October,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  40. 

Answer  to  inquiries  of  E.  Baxter  aud  O.  A.  Kenyon ;  characters,  habits,  and 
'  urticating  properties  of  the  larva  of  Empretia  stimulea. 

425.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  aud  C.  V.  Riley.]    The  regal  walnut  caterpillar. 

<Amer.  Ent,  October,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  40. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  M.   Copley;   characters  and  food-plants  of  larva   of 
Citlicronia  regalis;  times  of  metamorphosis  ;  characters  of  the  imago. 

426.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    The  Hessian  fly.     <Amer. 

Ent,  October,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  40. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  F.  D.  Carson ;  ravages  of  Cecidoviyia  destructor ;  late 
sowing  as  a  means  of  avoiding  the  same. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OP    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  57 

427.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Kiley.J    Red  cedar  caterpillar.  <Amer. 

Eut.,  October,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  40. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  II.  Peter ;  habits,  characters,  and  means  against  Thyri- 
dopleryx  ephemera'formis. 

428.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  aud  C.  V.  Riley.]     Wheat,-iuidf?e  winter  killed. 

<Amer.  Eut.,  October,*  18G8,  v.  1,  p.  40. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  P.  Alexander;  cause  of  the  scarcity  of  Diplosis  Iriticl. 

429.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Grape  vine  borer.     <Anier. 

Ent.,  October,  18G8,  v.  1,  p.  40. 
Answer  to  inquiries  of  A.  Barter  and  J.  H.  Hogau  ;  undetermined  cerambycid 
hxrva  injurious  to  grape-vines. 

430.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Popular  names  aud  scientific 

names.     <Amer.  Eut.,  November,  18G8,  v.  1,  p.  49,  figs.  49-51. 
Indetiuiteness  of  popular  names;  figures  Jnlus  sp.,  and  the  larva  and  imago 
of  one  of  the  Elateridce. 

431.  [Walsh,  B.  D,,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Entomological  ignorance  in 

the  North.    <Amer.  Ent.,  November,  18G8,  v.  1,  pp.  50-51, 
figs.  52-54. 

Confusion  existing  in  regard  to  the  meaning  of  the  word  locust;  habits  of 
Acridida  and  Cicadida- ;  figures  types  of  the  two  families  and  of  twig  with 
eggs  of  Cicada  sp. 

432.  [WALSH,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]    Tit  for  tat.    <Amer.  Ent., 

November,  18G8,  v.  1,  p.  52. 

Ridicule  of  an  absurd  entomological  item. 

433.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Grasshoppers.    <Amer.  Eut, 

November,  18G8,  v.  1,  p.  53. 
Abundance  and  ravages  of  several  species  of  Acrididw  and  of  Acheta  [=  Gryllnsl 
abbreviatus  in  the  northern  central  United  States,  aud  scarcity  of  the  same 
in  New  York  in  1868. 

434.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    To  keep  seed  peas  from  bugs. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  November,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  53. 
Habits  of  and  means  against  Bruchus  pisi. 

435.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Mind  how  you  pack  insects. 

<Amer.  Eut.,  November,  18G8,  v.  1,  p.  54. 

Care  needed  to  avoid  the  introduction  of  noxious  insects. 

436.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  aud  C.  V.  Riley.]    The  apple  growing  on  a  grape 

vine.     <Amer.  Ent.,  November,  18G8,  v.  1,  p.  54. 
The  "vegetable  phenomenon,"  see  Nos.  332, 403, 478,  proved  to  be  a  gftll, 

437.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    The  late  exhibition  of  useful 

and  destructive  insects  at  Paris.     <Amer.   Eut.,  November, 
1868,  V.  1,  p.  65. 
Notice  of  the  formation  of  the  Socidtd  d'Insectologie  Agricole  at  Paris,  and 
of  the  second  exhibition  of  the  society. 

438.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Destroying  black  ants  in  gar- 

deus.     <Amer.  Ent.,  November,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  55. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  S.  Patten  ;  means  against  Formicidw  in  gardens. 


68  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

439.  [Walsu,  B.  D.,  aud  C.  Y.   Riley.]     Entomological  quackery. 

<Aiuer.  Eut.,  November,  18G8,  v.  1,  p.  56. 
Keprint  of  "TheCurculio  (lowaHomestetid,  22d  July,  18GS).  with  comments; 
meaus  against  Conotrachehis  nenuphar: 

440.  [Walsh,  B.D.,  aud  C.V.Riley.]    The  cruel  bug-hunters.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  November,  1868,  v.  1,  p;  56. 
Insects  are  not  susceptible  of  such  feelings  of  pain  and  pleasure  as  are  felt 
by  higher  animals. 

441.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Honey  bees  eating  grapes. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  November,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  56. 
Eeprint  of  a  letter  by  T.  W.,  from  Ohio  Farmer,  with  comments  ;  Ap't8  melli- 
fica  as  an  enemy  of  sound  fruit. 

442.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]     Twigs  amputated  by  some 

unknown  animal.     <Amer.  Ent.,  November,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  57. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  Ikirnside  ;  method  of  work  of  an  undetermined  fruit- 
tree  primer  [=  Oncideres  cingulata  ?]. 

443.  [Walsh,  B.  D.^  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]     Twigs  girdled  by  some  ani- 

mal.'   <Amer.  Ent.,  November,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  57. 
Answer  to  inquiries  of  Judge  Brown  and  P.  Earle ;  method  of  work  of  an 
undetermined  fruit-tree  pruner  [^  Oncideres  cingulata'!]  ;  trees  affected. 

444.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]     Hop- vine  caterpillar.     < Amer. 

Eut.,  November,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  57. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  J.  Dunlap ;  larva  of  &rapta  interrogafionis  feeding 
on  hop-vines. 

445.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]     "  Galls"  on  leaves  of  soft  maple. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  November,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  57. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  L.  Child;  characters  of  undescribed  mite-galls  and 
their  architects;  mode  of  formation  of  leaf-galls  by  mites. 

446.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]    Unsightly  galls  on  the  cot- 

tonwood.     <Amer,  Ent.,  November,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  57. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  L.  Child  ;  character  of  galls  made  by  Pemphigus  va- 
gabondus  and  P.  populicaulis  ;  their  effects  upon  the  cottonwood  and  means 
against  them. 

447.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]    Insects  named.    <Amer.  Ent., 

November,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  57. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  Baxter;   Gordius  aquaticus  a  host  in   Orchelimum 
gracile;  Cetonia  [=  Euphoria]  inda  destructive  to  the  peach. 

448.  [Walsh,  B.  B.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]    The  stick-bug.    <Amer.  Ent., 

November,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  58.     Reprint :  <Can.  Farmer,  15  Jan- 
uary, 1870. 

Description,  vernacular  names,  and  habits  of  Spectrum  [^= Diapheromera] 
femorata. 

449.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]     Woolly  lice  on  the  beech. 

<Amer.  Ent,  November.  1868,  v.  1,  p.  58. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  F.  H.  Guiwits;  habits  and  food-plants  of  Pemphigus 
imhricator. 


lilBLIOGUAPllV    OK    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOOV.  59 

450.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  aud  C.  Y.  Kile  Y.J     The  sheep-botor  head-maggot. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  November,  1SG8,  v.  1,  p.  58. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  R.  W.  Scott;  (Estrus  ovia  ordinarily  oviparous*  Koine- 
times  the  og^js  batch  prematurely  inside  the  body. 

451.  [Walsh,  B.  B.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Leaf-miners  of  tlin  locust. 

<Anier.  Ent.,  November,  18G8,  v.  1,  [>.  58. 

Answer  to  infjuiry  of  R.  "\V.  Scott;  chai-acters,  babits,  ravages,  and  means 
against  Hispa  scuteUurin  [=  Odontoia  dorsalix']. 

45l'.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  aud  C.  V.  Riley.]      Leaf-hoppers  on    celery. 
<xVmer.  Ent.,  November,  1SG8,  v.  1,  p.  58. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  R.  Parnell ;  mention  of  two  undescribed  Tettigonidw 
infesting  early  celery. 

453.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     rarsnij)  caterpillars.— Scor- 

pions.    <Amer.  Ent.,  November,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  59. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  F.  Brewer;  food-plants  of  larva  of  PapUio  axierias  ; 
babits  of  the  imago;  babits  aud  sting  of  liuthits  carolinianus;  its  occur- 
rence in  Mi.ssouri. 

454.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley^.]      Noxious    insects    named. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  November,  18G8,  v.  1,  p.  59. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  H.  Parsons;  larval  characters  and  food-plants  of 
llijphantria  iextor  l=:cunea'],  Xotodonia  [=^  (Edemaaia'l  conchina,  Aictiu 
l^  Sjiiiosoma']  virginica,  Carpocapsa  pomomUa,  and  of  Tnjpeta pomoncUa. 

455.  [Walsh,  B.  1).,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Cut-worms  destroying  re- 

cently sown  wheat.     <  Amer.  Ent.,  November,  18G8,  v.  1,  p.  59. 

Answer  to  intiuiry  of  T.  \l.  Allen;  characters,  babits,  aud  means  against  un- 
determined Xoctuidw  attacking  wheat. 

45G.  [Walsh,  B.  B.,   and   C.  V.  Riley.]     The  spined   soldier  bug. 
<Amer.  Ent.,  November,  18G8,  v.  1,  p.  59. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  I.  Hicks;   Podisua  npinosus  as  an  enemy  of  Ilyphantria 
textor  [=  cunea']. 

457.  [Walsh,  B.  13.,  atul  0.  Y.  Riley.]     The  preying  Mantis,  alias 

Devil's  riding  horse,  etc.     <Amer.  Ent.,  November,  18G8,  v.  1, 
p.  59. 

Answer  to  incjuiry  of  A.  Pettit;  habits  of  Mantis  l^^Phasniomantis]  Carolina  ; 
egg-mass  of  the  same. 

458.  [Walsh,  B.D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]     The  pigeon  Tremex.     <Anier. 

Ent.,  November,  18G8,  v.  1,  p.  59. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  F.  l^rewer;  characters  of  Tremcs  columha;  fi>«d-habit8 
and  parasites  of  its  larva. 

459.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]     Flesh-worms.     <Amer.  Knt., 

November,  18G8,  v.  1,  p.  59. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  J.  Stuart;  larval  babits  of  an  undetermined  musciil- 

4G0.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]     Fall  web- worm  on  hickory. 
<Amer.  Ent.,  November,  ISGS,  v.  1,  p.  59. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  W.  Daniels;  transformation  of  Hyphautria  Iextor 
[=  cunea] ;  characters  of  its  larva  and  imago. 


60  BIBLIOGRAPHY   OF   ECONOMIC   ENTOMOLOGY. 

461.  [Walsh,  B.  D,,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Butterflies  named.    <Araer. 

Ent.,  November,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  60. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  W.  Butterfield;  characters  of  Colias  philodiee,  Va- 
nessa [=  Grapta'l  comma,  and  Danais  archipjius. 

462.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Museum  pest.     <Amer.  Ent., 

November,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  60. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  W.  Holt,  jr. ;  means  against  Dermestidcp. 

463.  [  Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Insects  named.    < Amer.  Ent., 

November,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  60. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Weed;  enemies  of  plant-lice  and  bark -lice;  food- 
plant  and  characters  of  the  larva  of  Papilio  tiirnus. 

464.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Grapes  spoiled  by  sometbing. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  November,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  60. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Wood;  grapes  injured  from  some  unknown  cause; 
juice  from  wounded  grapes  as  food  for  moths. 

465.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]    White-pine  worms.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  November,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  60. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  T.  Little;  food-plants  of  larva  of  Lopliyrus  abhotti; 
transformations  of  the  same. 

466.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  0.  V.  Riley.]    The  Tarantula  of  Texas. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  November,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  60. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Bell ;  manner  in  which  Pompiliis  [:=Pe|>8is]  formosa 
prepares  Mygale  henizii  for  food  for  its  larva. 

467.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Insect  foes  of  the  apple-tree. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  November,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  60. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  C.  Brackett;  characters  of  larva  of  Carpocapsa  po- 
mo7iella',  means  against  Datana  ministra  aud  Pemphigus pyri  l^^Schizoneura 
lanigera'\. 

468.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Grape-leaf  folders  eaten  by 

spiders.     <Amer.  Ent.,  November,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  60. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  A.  Hilliard;  larva  of  Desmia  maculaJis  destroyed  by 
a  spider. 

469.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Caterpillar  of  the  Troilus  but- 

terfly.    <Amer.  Eut.,  November,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  60. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  S.  Fuller ;  food-habits  of  larva  of  Papilio  troilus. 

470.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]   Potato  beetles.   <Amer.  Eut., 

November,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  60. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  P.   H.  Foster;  identification   oi  Epicauta  vittata  and 
Macrolasis  unicolor  as  enemies  of  the  potato. 

471.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  RILEY^]    Holes  round  the  roots  of 

young  ash  trees  in  the  nursery.     <Amer.  Ent.,  November, 
1868,  V.  1,  p.  60. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  I.  Hicks ;  characters  and  food-habits  of  the  larva  of 
Xyloryctes  satyrus. 

472.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Locust  borers.   <Amer.  Ent., 

November,  1808,  v.  1,  p.  60. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  U.  Bruner;   destructiveness  of  the  larva  of  Clytus 
[^  Cyllenel  rohiniw. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  61 

473.  I  Walsh,  B.  D.,  aiul  C.  V.  UiLEY.]   Thebell^nammitetly.   <Amer. 

Eut.,  December,  18GS,  v.  1,  pp.  G1-G2,  figs.  56-57. 
Habits  of  Corydalun  cornutus;  figures  the  lurva,  pupa,  aud  imago;  descrip- 
tion aud  figure  of  the  eggs  of  Belostoma  americanum  mistaken  for  those  of 
Corydalus. 

474.  [Walsh,  B.D.,  aud  C.V.Riley.]  The  periodical  Cicada.  <Amer. 

Eut.,  December,  18G8,  v.  1,  pp.  G3-72,  figs.  58-G4.     Extract : 
<Op.  cit.,  Juue,  18G9,  v.  1,  p.  202. 

Characterization  of  the  13-year  brood  of  Cicada  as  a  new  species,  C.[=  Tibicen] 
tredecim ;  dimorphism  of  the  same  and  of  C.  [=  T.  ]  septeiidtcim;  seasons,  nat- 
ural history,  transformations,  enemies,  sting,  aud  injuries  of  these  species; 
chronological  history  of  their  several  known  broods;  figures  the  several 
stages  of  C.  [=T.]  se})tendecim,  the  towers  made  by  the  pupa  and  twigs 
■with  eggs. 

475.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]  The  hateful  or  ColoracJo  grass- 

hopper, Calopteniis  spretus,  Uhler  aud  Walsh.  <Amer.  Eut., 
December,  18G8,  v.  1,  pp.  73-7G,  fig.  65. 
Comparative  characters  and  figures  of  Caloptenus  spretus  aud  C.  femur-ruhrum ; 
native  habitat,  migrations,  distribution,  and  ravages  of  the  former ;  harm- 
lessness  of  its  second  generation  in  the  Mississippi  Valley  as  compared  with 
the  first  generation ;  improbability  that  it  will  ever  become  a  permanent 
resident  in  that  region. 

476.  [Walsh;  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    The  twig-girdler,  Oncideres 

cingulatus,  Say.     <Amer.  Ent.,  December,  1868,  v.  1,  pp.  76- 
77,  tig.  66. 
*      Oviposition  and  food  habits  of  Oncideres  dngulaia ;  figure  of  imago  and  of 
amputated  twig.  » 

477.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    An  Ichneumon  fly  mistaken 

for  a  wasp.     <Amer.  Ent.,  December,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  77. 

Review  of  paper  in  Christian  Advocate  on  "The  stiletto  wasp"  ;  I'iinpla 
[=  Thalessa'\  atrata  probably  mistaken  for  a  wasp. 

478.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    A  plant  growing  out  of  an 

insect.     <Amer.  Eut.,  December,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  77. 

See  Nos.  332,  403,  436;  extract  from  Sedalia  Press,  with  comments;  larvji-  of 
Lachnoatcrna  fusca  infested  with  Cordyceps ;  larva'  supposed  to  have  eaten 
poisonous  seed,  which  has  germinated  after  killing  the  larvie  ;  sowing  the 
seed  as  a  means  against  the  larvie. 

471).  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Ou  our  table.    <Amer.  Ent, 
December,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  78. 

Notices  of  The  butterflies  of  North  America  by  W.  H.  Edwards.— The  Cana- 
dian Entomologist. — Guide  to  the  study  of  insects  by  A.  S.  Packard,  Jr. 

480.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.)     Eggs  of  the  white-marked 

tussock  moth.     <Amer.  Eut.,  December,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  79,  fig.  67. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  M.  Hannah;  characters  of  egg  and  larva  Of  Orgyia 
leucostigma  ;  sexual  differences;  parasites;  figure  of  the  larva. 

481.  [Walsh,B.  D.,  aud  C.V.Riley.]     Curraut  borers.     <Amer.Ent., 

December,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  79. 

Vnswer  to  inciniry  of  B.  N.  McKiustry;  means  against  Trorhilimn  [^  .Kgc- 
rja]  tip  id  if  or  mis,  T.  \_=  Alcathm'\  catidatam,  and  Psenocerus  sHpernotatus. 


62  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

482.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]    Insect  infesting  grape  seed. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  December,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  79,  fig.  G8. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  S.  Fuller  ;  characters  and  figure  of  larva  of  Isosoma 
vitis  infesting  grape  seed. 

483.  [Walsh,  B.D.,  and  C.V.  Eiley.]    Museum  pests  again.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  December,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  79. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Huggins ;  means  against  Anihreni  in  collections  of 
natural  history. 

484.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  0.  V.  Eiley.]     Grapevine  leaf-hoppers. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  December,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  79. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  P.  C.  Holmes ;  means  against  grape-vine  leaf-hoppers. 

485.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]    Apple-tree  borer.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  December,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  80,  fig.  69. 
Answer  to  inquiries  of  J.  T.  Zimmerman,  C.  H.  Eoberts,  and  C.  E.  Babbitt ; 
habits,  ravages,  and  figure  of  Bostrichus  {_=  Aviphicerus'\  hicaudatus. 

486.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]    The  murky  ground  beetle. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  December,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  80. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  T.  Dale ;  fcod-habits  and  bombardier  discharges  of 
Harpalus  caliginostts. 

487.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,   and  C.  V.  Eiley.]     Curculio  and   bark-lice. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  December,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  80. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  D.  A.  Compton  ;  hibernation  of  Conotrachelus  nenuphar; 
soft  soap  as  a  means  against  Coccidw. 

488.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]   Insects  to  be  named.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  December,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  80. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  B.  Beach ;  identification  of  several  lepidopterous 
larvie;  food-habits  of  Dryocampa  stigma  and  D.  pellucida  [^virginiensis^. 

489.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]    Young  pecan  trees  girdled. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  December,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  80. 

Answer  to  inq«iry  of  Mann  and  Redmond  ;  means  against  Oncideres  cingnlatn. 

490.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]   Insects  named.   <Amer.  Ent., 

December,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  80. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  T.  Dale  ;  identification  of  several  Coleoptera ;  sup- 
posed food-habits  of  Tragidionfulvipenne;  character  of  cocoons  of  two  spe- 
cies of  Microgaster  infesting  Protoparce  celeus. 

491.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]    Eggs  of  true  bugs.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  December,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  80. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  C.  Thornton ;  characters  of  eggs  of  Prionidus  cris- 
tatus.     See  Amer.  Ent.,  v.  1,  pp.  96  and  187. 

492.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]    Museum  pest  once  more. 

<Amer.  Ent,  December,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  80. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  M.  L. ;  larva;  of  Jnihrenus  mmworum  injuring  whale- 
bone, woolen  goods,  etc. 

493.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]    The  Tarantula  of  Texas  again. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  December,  1868,  v.  1,  p.  80. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  Peabody ;  distribution  o£  My  gale  hentzii  in  Missouri. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  63 

494.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley,  j     The  Hessian  fly  on  seed 

wheat.     <Amer.  Ent.,  December,  18158,  v.  1,  p.  80. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  U.  Scott ;  broods  and  times  of  trausforiuation  of  Ccci- 
domyia  destructor. 

495.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    The  apple-root  plant-louse. 

Eriosoma  (Pemphigus)  pyri.  Fitch.  <Amer.  Ent.,  January, 
1869,  V.  1,  pp.  81-84,  figs.  70-72. 
Habits,  ravages,  description,  enemies,  and  parasites  of,  and  means  against 
Eriosoma  pyri  l^=Schi:oneura  Ianigera'\;  figures  injured  root,  larva,  and 
adult  with  details  of  structure;  figures  adult  plant-louse  found  on  cotton- 
wood;  description  and  figure  of  larva,  pupariiini,  and  imago  oi  ripiza 
radicum  n.  sp. 

496.  [Walsh,  B.   D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Ants'  nests  in  gardens. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  January,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  84. 

Means  against  ants. 

497.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    The  parasites  of  the  human 

animal.    <Amer.  Ent.,  January,  1869,  v.  1,  pp.  84-88,  figs. 
73-74. 

Brief  accounts  of  Pediculus  humaims  1^=  vestimoiti'],  P.  cervicalis  l^  capitis'], 
F.  \_z^Pthirius']  pubis,  (Estrus  [=  Derwia/oftta]  hominis,  Pitlex  Irritaiis,  P. 
[^=^ Sarcopsylla ]  penetrans,  Acanthia  Icctidaria,  Coiiorhinus  sanguisiiga,  and 
Acarus  l::^ tiarcoptes']  scahici;  figures  and  habits  of  Reduvius  [=  Ojjsicatusi 
personatus  and  of  Pirates  \_=^ Rasahus']  higuttatus;  figure  of  Conorhinus  san- 
guisuga  ;  classificatory  relations  of  Pedicttlina  and  MaUophaga. 

498.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    The  coffee  borer.    <Amer. 

.  Ent.,  January,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  88. 
Unnamed  coffee  borer  injurious  to  coffee  trees  in  Madras. 

499.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.V.  Riley.]     Strawberry  worms.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  January,  1869,  v.  1,  pp.  89-91,  figs.  75-76. 
Description,  natural  history,  ravages,  means  against,  and  figures  of  larva  antl 
imago  of  Anchijlopera  [—  Phoxo2)teris'}  fragarice,  n.  sp. ;  figures  all  stages 
of  Emphtjtus  [_--=  Harpiphorus']  maculatus;  description  of  its  larva  and  pupa, 
its  natural  history,  and  means  against  its  ravages. 

500.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Fungoid  growths.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  January,  1869,  v.  1,  pp.  91-92. 
Mention  of  instances  of  the  growth  of  fungi  on  living  plants  and  animals  ; 
letter  of  S.  H.  Y.  Early  on  the  occurronco  of  fungoid  growths  on  the  larvaj 
of  Lachnosterna /u8ca. 

501.  [Walsh,  B.D.,  and  C.V.  Riley.]    Phims  for  the  million.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  January,  1869,  v.  1,  pp.  92-93. 
Means  against  Conotrackelus  nenuphar;  notes  on  varieties  of  plum  exempt 
from  the  attacks  of  the  same. 

502.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    The  "Colorado  grasshopper." 

<Amer.  Ent.,  January,  1869,  v.  1,  pp.  95-96. 

Answer  to  inquiries  of  W.  N.  Byers  and  V.  Devinny;  specific  names  indicat- 
ing particular  districts  can  not  be  changed  because  the  insect  is  found  in 
other  regions. 


64  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OP   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

503.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Universal  remedies.    <Amer. 

Eut.,  January,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  97. 
Criticism  of  an  advertisement  of  "  Best's  patent  fruit  tree  and  vine  invig- 
orator." 

504.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.J     Complimentary.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  January,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  98. 
Notices  of  several  notices  of  the  American  Entomologist. 

505.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  EiLEY.]     Paper-makers.     <Amer.Ent., 

January,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  98. 
Comparison  of  the  manufacture  of  paper  by  man  and  by  the  Vespida;. 

506.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]    On  our  table.    <Amer.  Ent., 

January,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  98. 
Notices  of  L'Insectologie  agricole — Cecil's  books  of  natural  history. 

507.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Look  out  for  the  eggs  of  the 

apple-tree  plant-louse.    < Amer.  Ent.,  January,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  99. 
Abundance  of  eggs  of  Aphis  mall  in  winter  of  1868-'69,  in  Missouri  and  Illi- 
nois ;  means  against  the  same. 

508.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Greenhouse  plants  [=  pests]. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  January,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  99. 

Means  against  Aphididce,  Coccidw,  and  Tetranychus  telarius. 

509.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]   How  to  hatch  pupae.   <Amer. 

Ent.,  January,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  99. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  D.  P.  Smith  ;  methods  of  raising  insects. 

510.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]    Drugstore  pests.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  January,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  99. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  M.  Good ;   characters  of  larva  of  undertermined 
ptinid;  food-habits  of  Ptimis  brunneus;  food-habits,  characters,  and  means 
against  Calandra  oryzce  and  C,  granaria.     (See  No.  551.) 

511.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]    Apple-tree  worms.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  January,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  99. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  J.Thomas;  habits,  food-planis,  and  means  against 
Phycita  nebuJo  {^^Acrohasis  indiginella'\. 

512.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]    Crane-fly  larvae.    Amer.  Ent., 

January,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  100. 
Answer  to  inquiries  of  R.  D.  Alexander  and  —  Hickman  ;  habits  of  Tipula  sp. ; 
food-habits  of  T.  trivittata. 

513.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,   and  C.  Y.  Riley.]    Punctured  grape  canes. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  January,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  100. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  B.  L.  Kingsbury ;  description  of  punctures  in  grape 
canes  probably  caused  by  Orocharis  saltator;  means  against  tree-crickets. 

514.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]    Insects  to  be  named.   <Amer. 
-     Ent.,  January,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  100. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  R.  Marine  ;  identification  of  several  insects  found 
in  apple  and  peach  nurseries. 

515.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]     Supposed  cause  of  yellows  in 

peach  trees.     <Amer.  Ent.,  January,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  100,  fig.  77. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  H.  Roberts  ;  yellows  of  peach-trees  a  vegetable  dis- 
ease ;  figure  of  healthy  and  diseased  limb ;  aflfected  trees  more  subject  to 
the  attacks  of  insects  than  healthy  trees. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  (15 

oKJ.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.J     Eggs  of  katydid.     <Amer. 
Eiit.,  January,  1SG9,  v.  ],  p.  100. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  A.  Hilliard;  ubaractcr  of  tho  »'j,'i;s  (if  Plaiyphyllum 
[=  Cyrtophy tins'}  concavus.' 

517.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Apple-twig  borer.     <Amer. 

Eut.,  January,  1800,  v.  1,  p.  100. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  T.  Zimmerman  ;  r av ages  of  Jiosthchus  [=  Amphicerua] 
bicaudatus. 

518.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Galls  and  their  architects. 

<Amer.  Eut,  February,  1869,  v.  1,  pp.  101-110,  tigs.  78-90. 
Definition,  classification,  and  variation  of  galls;  accounts  of  some  galls  made 
by  Cynipidce,  Cecidomyidiv,  and  Aphididte  and  of  the  gall-makers ;  natural 
history,  descriptions,  and  figures  of  Cynipsl  —  Amphibolipsj  q.-apongifica,  C. 
[=  J.]  q.inanis,  C.  [=  J-l  q.-prunus  u.  sp.,  Cecidomyia  ti.-strobiloides,  C. 
s.-brassicoides,  C.  r.-pomum  u.  sp.,  C.  v.-coryloides  n.  sp.,  remphirim  vaga- 
bundus,  P.  }7(ois  and  Colopha  uhnieola;  description  of  the  imago  of  Cyuips 
q.-prunus  and  of  Pemphiyns  ulmifusus  n.  sp.,  and  of  the  larvjc  of  the  new 
species  of  Cecidomyia;  dimorphism  of  gall-makers;  presence  of  inquilines 
and  parasites  in  galls.     (See  No.  821.) 

519.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C  V.  Riley'.J     The  bogus  Colorado  potato- 

bug,  Doryphorajuncta,  Germar.     <Amer.  Eut.,  February,  1869, 
V.  1,  p.  110. 
Food-habits  of  D.  juncta. 

520.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Ants  and  aphides.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  February,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  110. 

Inquiry  of  W.  Batchelor,  with  answer  ;  secretion  of  honey-dew  by  Aphididcit 
and  harvesting  of  the  same  by  ants. 

521.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.J    The  Tarantula  of  Texas,  My- 

gale  hentzii^  Girard.     <Amer.  Ent.,  February,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  11, 
fig.  91. 
Figure  of  Jlygale  hentzii:  habits  of  Pompilus  [^Pepsis]  formosa',    quotes 
from  G.  Linoecum's  "The  Tarantula  killers  of  Texas"  (Amer.  Nat,,  v.  1, 
pp.  137-141). 

522.  [Walsh,   B.   D.,   and   C.  V.   Riley.J     The  melancholy  chafer. 

<Aiuer.  Ent.,  February,  1809,  v.  1,  p.  111. 
Ravages  and  figure  of  the  imago  of  Euphoria  melanchoUva. 

523.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.J     Apple  worms  {Carpocapsa 

pomojiella,  Linn.).     <Amer.  Ent.,  February,  1869,  v.*  I,  pp.  112- 
114,  fig.  93. 
Natural  history,  ravages,  and  means  against  Carpocapua  pomonella ;  figures 
injured  apple,  larva,  pupa,  and  imago. 

524.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.J     The  asparagus  beetle  (Crio- 

ceris  asparayi,  Liuu.).     <Amer.  Eut.,  February,  1869,  v.  1,  pj). 
114-115,  fig.  94. 
Introduction  into  the  United  States;  natural  history,  ravages,  parasites  of, 
and  means  against  Crioceris  aspaiagi;  figure  of  eggs,  larvu',  and  imago  of 
the  same. 

5  m'x 


Q6  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

525.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,and  C.  V.  Riley.]     A  popular  delusion.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  February,  18G9,  v.  1,  p.  116. 

No  insect  passes  through  ;ill  the  stages  of  its  growth  within  one  day ;  life  his- 
tory of  Ephemeridw. 

526.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Rile  Y.J    The  squirrel  bot.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  February,  1809,  v.  1,  v.  117. 
Comments  on  paper  by  S.  S.  Rathvon;   emasculation  of  the  striped  squirrel 
by  Cuterebra  buccata. 

527.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  G.  V.  Riley.]     [Periodical  Cicada.]     <Amer. 

Ent,  February,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  117. 

Comments  on  letter  of  R.  H.  Warder;  oviposition  of  Cicada  l=zTibicen'\  sep- 
iendecim  in  evergreens. 

528.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Transformations  of  insects. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  February,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  118. 
Brief  statement  of  the  stages  of  growth  of  insects. 

529.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Bo  bees  injure  raspberries'? 

<Amer.  Ent.,  February,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  118. 
Comments  on  discussion  before  New  York  Fruit  Growers'  Club  as  to  the  ef- 
fects of  bees  on  flowers  and  fruits. 

530.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Best's  fruit-tree  invigorator 

again.     <Amer.  Ent.,  February,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  119. 
Notice  of  invention  of  a  new  "  invigorator  "  bj^  B.  Best. 

531.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     The  insect  extinguisher,  by 

Joseph  Treat,  X.  J.     <Amer.  Ent.,  February,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  119. 

Critical  review  of  pamphlet  by  J.  Treat. 

532.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     More  good  words.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  February,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  119. 

Notice  of  favorable  notices  of  the  American  Entomologist. 

533.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Lacewing  fly.     <Amer.  Ent., 

February,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  119. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Huggins ;  characters  of  Chrysopa  sp. ;  its  hibernation 
as  a  pupa  and  imago. 

534.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Gigantic  water-bug.   <Amer. 

Ent.,  February,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  119. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.    E.    Munford;    food-habits   of   Beloifioma    grandia 
[^^^  americanum]. 

535.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     The  white-marked  tussock 

moth  again.     <Amer.  Ent.,  February,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  120. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  S.  Fuller ;   mention  of  seven  parasites  attacking 
Orgijia  leucostigma. 

536.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]     Grasshopper  eggs— will  they 

hatch?     <AmcT.  Ent.,  February,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  120. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  J.  Jones;  frosts  not  likely  to  prevent  the  hatching 
of  the  eggs  of  Caloptenus  spretus. 

537.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]     Injured  apple-trees.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  February,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  120. 

Ansvrer  to  inquiry  of  G.  C,  Brot^dhe^dj  moans  against;  Chri/soQqthris  femorata. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    KMTCMOLOGY.  67 

53«.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Kiley.]     Bag  worms.    <Auier.  Ent., 
February,  1800,  v.  1,  p.  120. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  W.  Butterfield ;  means  against  Thyridopleryx  iphc 
mera^formh. 

539.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.j     Eggs  of  tlie  apple-tree  plant- 

louse.     <Amer.  Ent.,  February,  1869,  v.  1,  j).  120. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  M.  W.  Seaman  ;  eifect  of  fiosts  upon  the  eggs  and  larvii- 
of  Aphis  mali'. 

540.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Insects  named.    <Amer  Eut, 

February,  1SG9,  v.  1,  p.  120. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  B.  Merwiu;  identification  of  insects  sent ;  characters 
of  Vanessa  antiopa  and  Cynthia  ^^^ Fyi'ameis']  atalaitta. 

541.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]    White  grubs.    <A.mer.  Ent., 

February,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  120. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  C.   Holmes;    undetermined  white-grub  injuring 
grass  and  osage  orange. 

542.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]     The  polypbemus  moth,  Atta- 

cus  polyjihemus,  Linn.  <Amer.  Ent.,  March,  1869,  v.  1,  pp. 
121-122,  fig.  95. 
Attaeiis  [=^  Telea'\  polyphemus,  A.  cynthia,  and  Bomiyx  [^=Sericaria'\  mori  as 
silk-producers;  food-plants,  description  of  larva,  habits,  and  seasons  of  ^. 
1:=  T.I  jwlyphcmus;  figure  of  the  imago  ;  ravages  of  J.  cecroj^ia;  antenna; 
mistaken  for  wings  ;  mention  of  Lepidoptera  having  fissured  wings. 

543.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.J     Wasps  and  their  habits. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  March,  1869,  v.  1,  pp.  122-143,  tigs.  96-112. 

Structure,  classification,  and  habits  of  North  American  predatory  Hymenop- 
tera ;  comparative  characters  of  the  digger  and  true  wasps  ;  figure  to  show 
the  folding  of  the  wing  in  true  wasps;  habits  and  figures  of  imagos  of 
Chlorion  cceruleum,  Bembex  fasciaia,  Sphex  ichneumonea,  Ammophila  pictipcn- 
nis,  Pepsis  formosa,  Sti-us  grandis  [^=SpheciHS  speciosus'},  S.  [=5.]  speci- 
08US,  Pelopocus  lunatHS  \_=^ccmeniarim'},  Agenia  bombydna,  Tnjpoxylon  albi- 
tarse,  Ceropales  rujUuntris,  Eumenes  fraPrnus,  Vespa  maculata,  and  Polistes 
rubiginosus:  figure  of  imago  of  Cryjitus  [=ii«ocera.s]j«HC("8  and  of  several 
nests  of  wasps.     (See  No.  375.) 

544.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]    Do  toads  eat  worker  bees! 

<Amer.  Eut.,  March,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  144. 
Reprint  and  review  of  article  by  C.  Dadant,  and  of  commeuts  of  editors  of 
American  Bee  Journal ;  usefulness  of  toads. 

545.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]    Beat's  invigorator  once  again. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  March,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  145. 
Condemnation  of  B.  Best's  patent  fruit  tree  and  vine  invigorator. 

546.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]     On  our  table.    <Amer.  Ent., 

March,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  146. 
Notices  of  Nos.  I  and  2  of  Le  Naturaliste  Canadien. 

547.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]     Sugar-tree  borer.     <AMier. 

Ent.,  March,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  146. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  Simms;   characters   and  inoaus  agaiust  Arhopulu« 
l=Pla<jionotu8]  speciosiia. 


68  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

548.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Swelliugs  on  apple  scions. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  March,  18G9,  v.  1,  p.  146. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  Colwell ;  dipterons  galls  on  apple  scions  and  bass- 
wood  twigs. 

549.  [Walsh,  B.   D.,   and  C.   V.   Riley.]     Gas-waste  vs.  Curculio. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  March,  18G9,  v.  1,  p.  147. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  H. ;  merits  of  gas-waste  as  an  insect  destroyer. 

550.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  0.  V.  Riley.]     Eggs  of  the  apple-tree  plant- 

louse  again.     <Amer.  Ent.,  March,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  147. 
Answers  to  incjuiries  of  C.  Williams  and  W.  L.  French  ;  means  against  Aj)his 
mali. 

551.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Drug-store  pests.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  March,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  147. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  M.  Good  ;  food-habits  of  Lasiodeinna  serricorne.    See 
No.  510. 

552.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]     Small  galls  and  minings  on 

apple-twigs.     <Amer.  Ent.,  March,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  147. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  O.   O.  A.  Gardner;  characters  of  undetermined  galls 
and  borings  in  twigs  of  apple-trees. 

553.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,aud  C.  V.  Riley.]     Stinking  bugs.   <Amer.  Ent., 

March,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  147. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  L.  Janney;   habits  of  an  undescribed  Brachyrhyn- 
chus. 

554.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Eggs  in  peach-twigs.   <Amer. 

Ent.,  March,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  147. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  Fisher;  character  of  eggs  of  lEcantlius  niveus. 

555.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Flat-headed  apple-tree  borer. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  March,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  147. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  B.  F.  Madge  ;  means  against  Clirysoioihris  femorata. 

556.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  RILEY^]    A  bundle  of  entomological 

queries.     <Amer.  Ent.,  MarcU,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  148. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  W.  Butterfield ;  mentions  several  desirable  entomo- 
logical books. 

557.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.J     Grape-berry  moth.     <Amer. 

Ent,  March,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  148. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  M.  C.  Read  ;  means  against  Penthina  viiivorana  [=  Eu- 
danis  botrana']. 

558.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Hairy  caterpillar.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  March,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  148. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  S.  Gold  ;  characters  of  the  larva  and  imago  of  Arctia 
\_^=  Pyrrharctia'\  isabella. 

559.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  0.  V.  Riley.]    Borer  in  plum-twigs.   <Amer. 

Ent.,  March,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  148. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  Caldwell ;  undetermined  borer,  allied  to  the  oak. 
jiruuer,  in  pliim-twigs.     See  No,  606, 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  69 

560.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Rtley.J    lasects  uaiuetl.   <Amer.  Ent., 
'March,  18G9,  v.  1,  p.  148. 

Answer  to  iiKiuiiy  of  W.  W.  Butterfield  ;  identitiuatioii  of  iusecta  sent ;  com- 
parative clmractcrs  of  Arhopahis  [--=  Cyllene]  phtiis  and  A.  [^  C]  robiniir; 
variation  in  Clytuv  1=:  Xeuclytus]  caprwa  ;  generic  character.sof  JrAo]j(j/»<« 
aud  Clytus.     (See  No.  582. ) 

5G1.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  aud  C.  V.  Riley.]     Pear-root  borer.    <Ainer. 
Eut.,  March,  18C9,  v.  1,  p.  148. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  P.  Earle ;  larva  of  Prionnn  laticoUis  injurious  to  the 
pear  and  grape. 

562.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  0.  V.  Rlley.]    Insects  named.    <Amer.  Ent., 

March,  1809,  v.  1,  p.  148. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  M.  H.  Boye;   Gryllotalpa  longipennis  1  =  columbial  a  di- 
morphic form  of  G.  horealis. 

563.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]     The  joint- worm  {Lsosoma  hordei 

Harris).  <Amer.  Eut.,  April,  1809,  v.  1,  pp.  149-158,  tigs.  113- 
118. 
Natural  history,  variation,  parasites,  ravages,  aud  means  against  Isonoma 
hordei;  unity  of  habits  in  insects;  generic  classidcatiou  of  the  joint-worm 
fly;  figures  male  aud  female  imago  ;  figures  <?  and  9  imagos  of  SemiolcUits 
chalcidiphngus  n.  sp.,  Eiirytoma  sp.,  and  Decatoma  sp.,  and  of  9  imago  of 
Antigaster  \_^EupeImu8'\  mirabilis. 

504.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  aud  C.  V.  Riley.]  The  wavy-striped  flea-beetle. 
{Raltica  [Phyllotreta]  striolata  Illiger).  <Amer.  Eut.,  April, 
1869,  V.  1,  pp.  158-159,  fig.  119. 

Description,  habits,  and  ravages  of  Phyllotreta  striolata  \_=^vitlala'];  figures 
larva,  pupa,  aud  imago  of  the  same;  quotes  from  H.  Shimer's  "The 
wavy-striped  flea-beetle"  (Amer.  Nat.,  December,  l8Gd,  v.  2,  pp.  514- 
517). 

565.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]  Concerning  certain  smart  bugs. 
<Amer.  Eut.,  April,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  100. 

Preferences  of  Phylloxera  ritifolia^  [  =vastatrix'\  and  Macrodaciyhis  subspi- 
1108118  for  certain  varieties  of  grape-vines,  of  Doryphora  10-Unea1a  and 
Lema  trilineata  for  certain  varieties  of  potato-vines,  au<l  of  Mylilaspis 
pomicorticis  {_=pomorum'\  and  Carpocapsa  pomoneUa  for  certain  varieties  of 
apple. 

606.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  aud  C.  V.  Riley.]     Curculio  remedies.    <Amer. 
Eut.,  April,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  161. 
Comments  on  essay  of  L.  C.  Francis  on  the  plum ;  coal  oil  not  effective  against 
Conotrachelua  nenuphar. 

567.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  aud  C.  V.  Riley.]     How  great  wits  jump  together. 

<Amer.  Eut.,  April,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  161. 
Stopping  holes  with  hard  soap  ineffective  against  borers. 

568.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.J    On  our  table.    <Amer.  Ent., 

April,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  165. 
Notices  of  Harris's  Insects  injurious  to  Vegetation,  L'lusectologie  agricole, 
and  several  other  works  not  entomological. 


70  Bibliography  of  economic  entomology. 

569.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Eggs  of  the  oblong-winged 

katydid.     <Amer.  But.,  April,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  166,  fig.  120. 
Answer  to  inquiries  of  T.  A.  Thop,  J.  L.  Rice,  B.  J.  Campbell,  H.  Cheeney, 
and  A.  McMoore;  eggs  of  PhiiUopttra  [_=  Amblycorypha'\  oblongifolla  com- 
pared with  those  of  Platyphyllum  [_=  Cyrtophyllus']  concavum  ;  figures  of  the 
eggs  of  ^.  ohlongifolia. 

570.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]    Mossy  rose  gall.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  April,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  166. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  F.  W.  Collins  ;  characters  of  Rhodites  rosce  and  its  gall. 

571.  [Walsh,  B.  D,,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]     Caterpillars  on  lombardy 

poplars.     <Amer.  Ent.,  April,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  166. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  F.  Gurley ;  characters  of  larva,  habits,  food-plauts, 
and  parasites  of  Acronycta  acericola  [=  americana^. 

572.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]    Museum  pests.   <Amer.  Ent., 

April,  1S69,  v.  1,  p.  166,  fig.  121. 
Answer  to  inquiries  of  F.  W.  Hoit,  jr.,  G.  M,  L.,  and  J.  Huggins ;  figures 
larva,  pupa,  and  imago  of  Anthrenus  sp. ;  A.  varius  compared  with  A.  muse- 
orum. 

573.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]    Cockroach  eggs.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  April,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  166. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  C.  Freeman ;  character  of  the  egg-cases  and  adult 
o£  Platamodes  nnicolor;  occurrence  of  £cfo&ia  jrermattica  in  Illinois;  ravages 
of  species  of  Blattida. 

574.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]     Apple-tree  leaf-crumplers. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  April,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  166. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  F.  Jones  ;  result  of  the  work  of  the  larvfe  of  Phycita 
nebulo  \==  Acrobasis  indiginella']  on  the  growth  of  apple-trees. 

575.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]   A  most  precious  bug.   <Amer. 

Ent.,  April,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  167. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.   S.   Holmes;   characters  and  variety  of  Hyleccetus 
lugubris ;  destructiveness  of  Lymexylon  navale ;  use  of  the  maxillary  palpi 
in  the  <?  <?  of  Lymexylidce. 

576.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]     Blackberry-cane    borers. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  April,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  167. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  Parry;  characters  and  habits  of  larva  of  unnamed 
borer  [=  Bembecia  viarginata']  ;  plants  afifected  by  species  of  Mgeriadce. 

577.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]    Eows  of  eggs  in  pear-twigs. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  April,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  167. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  C.  Freeman;  characters  of  unknown  eggs  found  in 
pear-twigs. 

578.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]    An  orchard  giving  out. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  April,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  168. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  M.  Clemens ;  habits  and  means  against  Saperda 
bivittaia  [=  candidal  and  Chrysoboihris  femorata. 

579.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.   V.  Eiley.]    Plant-louse  eggs  on  apple 

and  mountain  ash.     <Amer.  Ent.,  April,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  168. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  Stewart;  eggs  of  Ajjhis  mali  on  apple-twigs  and 
probably  on  those  of  mountain  ash;  Aspidiotm  harriaii  [=  Chionaspia  fur- 
funia']  infests  both  trees. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  71 

580.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  ami  C.  V.  Riley.]    (iigantie  rhinoceros  beetle. 

<Amer.  Eut.,  April,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  1G8. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  F.  G.  Smith  ;  characters  of  Dynaxtc^  titijniH, 

581.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  ami  C.  V.  Kilky.]     Bee  queries.    <Amer.  Eut!, 

April,  18G9,  v.  1,  p.  1G8. 
Anawer  to  inquiry  of  W.  R.  Howard;  Galleria  cereana  always  injurious;  a 
new  swarm  composed  of  both  old  and  new  bees. 

582.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  ami  C.  V.  Riley.]     lusects  uaiued.    <Araer.  Ent., 

April,  18G9,  v.  1,  p.  1G8. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  \V.  W.  Butterfield  ;  characters  of  Chjtus  \_^iNeochjtu8] 
caprwa.     (See  No.  560.) 

583.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  aud  0.  V.  Riley.]    Elm-tree  borer.    <Amer.  Ent., 

April,  18G9,  v.  1,  p.  168. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  M.  Gregory ;  Saperda  lateralis  and  Dryobius  sexfasci- 
atus  attack  the  elm  in  the  larva  state.     (See  No.  u96.) 

584.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.)    The  chinch-bug  {Microjms 

leucopterus  Say).     <Auier.  Ent.,  1869,  v.  1,  May,  pp.  169-177, 
fig.  122 ;  June,  pp.  194-199,  figs.  135-139.     Reprint:  <2d  Ann. 
Rei)t.  State  Ent,  Mo.,  March,  1870,  pp.  15-37,  figs.  1-10. 
See  No.  1127  for  synopsis  of  contents. 

585.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  RILEY^]    The  grape-berry  moth  {Fen- 

tliina  vitivorana,  Packard).     <Amer.  Ent.,  May,  18G9,  v.  1,  pp. 
177-179,  figs.  123-125. 
Natural  history,  ravages,  and  means  against  Penthina  vitivorana  [^Eudemia 
hotrana} ;  figures,  larva,  pupa,  cocoon,  imago,  and  injured  grape. 

586.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Poisonous  flour.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  May,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  179. 
Application  of  the  term  weevil ;  vesicatory  properties  of  Sitojyhilus  [=  Calan- 
dra'\  granaria]    poisonous  nature  of  flour  made  from  wheat  iufested  by 
these  insects. 

587.  [  Walsh,  B.D.,  and  C.Y.Riley.]    Mounding  i)each-trees.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  May,  1869,  v.  1,  pp.  180-181,  fig.  12G. 
Mounding  as  a  means  against  Sannina  exitioaa ;  figures,? and  9 of  the  same. 

588.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Going  it  blind.     <Amer.  Ent., 

May,  1869,  v.  1,  pp.  182-183.  ' 
Remarks  on  the  failure  of  persons  to  observe  correctly. 

589.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Another  new  Curculio  hum- 

bug.    <Amer.  Ent.,  May,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  183. 
Extract  from  "  agricultural  paper,"  with,  comments  on  proposed  weans  against 
Coitotrachehis  nenuphar. 

590.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Rear  horses  vs.  grasshoppers. 

<Amer.  Eut.,  May,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  184,  figs.  127-128. 
Vernacular  names  of  Mantia  [=  Phaxmomaniis]  varolina  ;  its  uscfuluess;  fig- 
ures of  eggs  aud  ^  and  9  imago. 

591.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Ai)ple  tree  plant-lice.     [Aphis 

mall,  Linn.)  .  <Amer.  Ent.,  May,  1S69,  v.  1,  p.  184. 
Abundauee  of  Aphis  mali  in  several  localities  ;  its  comparative  haruilessness ; 
means  against  it. 


72  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

592.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Eiley.]     Crack-jaw  names.     <Amer. 

Eut.,  May,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  184. 
Coiiibiuation  of  vernacular  and  technical  names  for  the  accommodation  of 
different  classes  of  readers. 

593.  [Walsh,  B,  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Eiley.]     Send  plenty  of  specimens. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  May,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  185. 

Eeasous  why  several  specimens  of  insects  should  be  sent  for  examination. 

594.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Eiley.J    White-grub  fungus.    <Amer. 

Eat.,  May,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  186,  fig.  129. 
Answer  to  inquiries  of  J.  Smith  and  of  T.  J.  Freeman  ;  larva  of  Lachnosterna 
fusca  infested  with  Cordyceps  ravenelii ;  figure  of  infested  larva. 

595.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Eiley.]    "  Buck  fly."    <Amer.  Ent., 

May,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  186. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  W.  Copley  ;  characters  of  larva  and  imago  of  Satur- 
nia  [^  Hemileucal  viaia  ;  food-plants  of  the  larva. 

596.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Eiley.]    Swarms  of  minute  flies  in 

rooms.     <Amer.  Eut.,  May,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  186. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  S.  Rathvon  ;  habitat  of  larva  of  Sciara  sp. 

5S7.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Eiley.]     Worms  in  osage  orange  seed. 
<Amer.  Ent.,  May,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  186. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  Plant;  habits  of  the  larva  ot  an  undetermined  dip- 
teron  found  among  osage  orange  seed. 

598.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  aud  C.  Y.  EiLEY.j    Insects  to  be  named.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  May,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  186. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  X.  Q.  Z. ;  value  of  names  to  a  collection  of  insects. 

599.  [Walsh,  5.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Eiley.]   The  spotted  ladybird.  <Amer. 

Ent.,  May,  1869,  v,  1,  p.  186,  fig.  130. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  R.  Seevers  ;  value  of  Hippodamia  [=  Megilla'\  maculata 
as  a  destroyer  of  noxious  insects ;  figure   of  the  same. 

600.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  0.  Y.  Kiley.]     Eggs  of  the  white-marked 

tussock  moth.     <Amer.  Ent.,  May,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  186. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  G.  Knight ;  characters  of  eggs  of  Orgyia  lencostigma. 

601.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Eiley.]     Owl's  pellets.    <Amer.  Ent., 

May,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  187. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  H.  G.  ;   presence  of  injurious  insects  in  the  pellets 
disgorged  by  owls  [=  hawks].     See  No.  643. 

602.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Eiley.]    Crab-apple  borers.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  May,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  187. 
Auswer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Huggins ;  characters  of  undetermined  lepidopterous 
borer  infesting  cra"b-apple  trees. 

603.  [WAI.SH,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Eiley.J     Mosquitoes.     <Amer.  Ent., 

May,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  187. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  M.  Abbott;  life-habits  of  CuUdda;  benefits  derived 
from  the  same. 

604.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Eiley.]     Large  silken  cocoon.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  May,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  187. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  W.  Butterfield;  food-habits  of  Attacus prometliea. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  73 

605.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Bugs  iu  alcohol.     <Amer. 
Eiit.,  May,  18(i9,  v.  1,  p.  187. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  D.  P.  Smith ;  alcohol  as  a  means  of  proservin>j  iiisocts. 

GOG.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Borer  in  plum-twig.     <Auier. 
Eut.,  May,  ISGD,  v.  1,  p.  187. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  Colwell;  Elaphidion  parallelum  [_'=vUloniiin]  bn-d 
from  plum-twigs;  it  does  not  prune  the  twig.     See  No.  ^W. 

(;07.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  aud  C.  V.   Riley.]     Eggs  of  cutworm  moth. 
<Auier.  Eut.,  May,  18G9,  v.  1,  p.  188,  fig.  131. 

Answer  to  inquiries  oi"  G.  Pauls,  T.  A.  Thorp,  and  E.  S.  Foster;  characters 
aud  figure  of  eggs  of  Agrotia  inermx8\^=L8aucia']',  characters  and  habits  of 
the  larva. 

G08.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Snow  fleas.    <Anier.  Eut., 
May,  18G9,  v.  1,  p.  188. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  H.  G.  Bradt;  habits  aud  food  of  Podiira  [=  Jc7(- 
orutes']  nivicola. 

GOn.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Fuzzy  galls  on  blackberry- 
twigs.     <Anier.  Eut.,  May,  18G9,  v.  1,  p.  188. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.   Huggins;   characters  of  Diaatrophus  cuaeutceformia 
and  its  gall. 

010.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Pithy  galls  on  blackberry- 
twigs.     <Amer.  Ent.,  May,  1809,  v,  1,  p.  188. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  W.  Gordon  ;  characters  of  the  gall  made  by  iJiastro- 
phua  nebuloaus. 

611.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  aud  C.  V.  Riley.]    Moth  eggs.    <Amer.  jpnt.. 

May,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  188. 
Answer  to  inquiries  of  A.  M.  Shute  aud  of  J.  Huggins;  characters    f  the  oggs 
of  an  undetermined  moth. 

612.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V^.  Riley.]    Horse-hair  snakes.    <Araer. 

Ent.,  May,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  188. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  M.  Abbott ;  characters  and  habitats  of  Gordiacwa. 

613.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley'.]     Imitative  butterflies.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  June,  1869,  v.  1,  pp.  189-193,  figs.  132-134. 
Immunity  of  Danaidcv  from  and  liability  of  rieridw  to  the  attacks  of  preda- 
tory animals;  mimicry  of  Danaidw  by  Pieridw  and  of  Danaia  archippus  by 
Limeniiia  diaippus ;  hibernating  habits  aud  description  of  tlie  larva  of  the 
latter,  with  figures  of  its  larva,  chrysalis,  imago,  and  hibernaculum;  figure 
of  Danaia  arckippua;  theory  of  the  origin  of  mimicry. 

014.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Cabbage-worms  upon  gilly- 
flowers.    <Amer.  Ent.,  June,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  199. 
Habits  and  food-plants,  seasons,  and  synonyms  of  Phitdla  criici/trarum. 

615.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     "Wasps  and  their  habits." 
<Amer.  Ent.,  June,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  200. 
Comments  on  letter  of  S.  S.   Rathvou;  species  having  essentially  different 
habits  though  externally  indistinguishable  should  be  considered  specific- 
ally distinct. 
016.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     The  tsocial  wasps.     <Amer. 
Ent,  June,  1809,  v.  1,  p.  201. 
Comments  on  paper  by  D.  A.  A.  Nichols ;  habits  of  Feapa  crahro. 


74  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

617.  [Walsh,  B.D.,  and  C.V.EiLEY.]    Mounding  peach-trees.    <Amer. 

Eut.,  June,  1869,  v.  1,  pp.  201-202. 
Comments  on  letter  of  R.  L.  Wells  ;  success  of  tlie  moundiug  system  agaiust 
u3Sgeria  {_=Sanni)ia'\  exiiiosa. 

618.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Out  of  evil  there  cometh  good. 

<Amer.  Eut.,  June,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  202. 

Probable  abundance  of  the  fruit  crop  in  southern  Illinois  and  in  Missouri  in 
1869  due  to  the  pruning  of  the  trees  by  Tibicen  septendecim  in  18G8. 

619.  [  Walsh,  B.D.,  and  C.V.RiLEY.J    The  periodical  Cicada.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  June,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  202. 
Extract  from  No.  474 ;  request  for  information  of  the  appearance  of  Cicada 
[=  Tibicen']  septendecim  in  any  part  of  the  United  States  in  1869. 

620.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  0.  V.  Riley.]     The  Curculio  scarcer  than  last 

year.    < Amer.  Ent.,  June,  1869,  v.  1 ,  p.  202. 

Extract  from  letter  of  A.  M.  Brown  ;  comparative  scarcity  of  Conotrachelus 
nenuphar  in  1869. 

621.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  0.  V.  Riley.]     The  American  Entomological 

Society.     <Amer.  Ent.,  June,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  203. 

Notice  of  the  formation,  publications,  aims,  and  needs  of  the  American  Ento- 
mological Society  ;  proposition  for  the  raising  of  a  fund  for  the  supjiort  of 
the  society. 

622.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Remarkable  peculiarity  in  the 

insect  world.     <Amer.  Etit.,  June,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  204. 
Insects  contrasted  with  animals  of  other  groups ;  as  a  rule  they  produce  but 
•  one  brood  of  offspring  in  the  course  of  their  lives. 

623.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     On  our  table.     <Amer.  Ent., 

June,  1869,  v.  1,  pp.  204-205. 

Notices  of :  Tlie  Harris  correspondence ;  The  butterflies  of  North  America,  by 
W.  H.  Edwards;  Guide  to  the  study  of  insects,  by  A.  S.  Packard,  jr. 

624.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Cannibal  mites.     <Amer.  Ent., 

June,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  205. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  S.  Davis;   Tromhidium  sp.  found  preying  on  grass- 
hopper eggs. 

625.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Gnats.     <Amer.  Ent.,  June, 

1S69,  V.  1,  p.  205. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  O.  Hiskey  ;  distinctive  characters  of  Culex  and  Chi- 
ronomus;  appearance  of  "clouds"  of  Chironomus. 

626.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Cut-worms  severing  cabbage 

plauts.     <Amer.  Ent,  June,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  205. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  N.  C.  Burch ;  characters  of  tbe  larva  of  Agrotis  telifera 
[=  ypsilon']. 

627.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Beetle  named.    <Amer.  Ent., 

June,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  205. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  M.  Shaffer ;  Anisodactylus  haltimorensis  flying  in  great 
numbers  at  Fairfield,  Iowa. 

628.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Tiger  beetles.     <Amer.  Ent., 

June,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  205. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  M.  Shaffer;  habitat  of  Cicindela  vulgaris. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  75 

029.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,   and  C.  V.   Riley.J     Cocoons  and   chrysalids 

named.     <Atner.  Eiit.,  June.  18G9,  v.  1,  p.  200. 

Answer  to  iuquiry  of  A.  S.  Fuller;  characters  of  larva  aud  imago  of  Cerato- 
campa  [=  Vithfronia'\  regalis;  food-plants  of  its  larva;  characters  of  the 
cocoons  of  Attacus  promethea,  A.  cecropia,  A.  [=  Teha]  imlyphemuH.  luuX  of 
Thyridop teryx  ephem eraformia. 

030.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    White  lined  morning  Sphinx. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  June,  1809,  v.  1,  p.  200. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  Blanchard;  characters,  transformations,  habits,  and 
distribution  of  Deilephila  lineata;  food-plants  of  its  larva. 

031.  [Walsh,  B.   D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Insects  named.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  June,  1809,  v.  1,  p.  200. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  W.  Butterfield;  identification  of  insects  sent ;  dif- 
ferences between  the  spring  and  autumn  broods  of  Drasieria  erechtea. 

032.  [Walsh,  B.  D..  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Peach-twig  borer.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  June,  1809,  v.  1,  p.  200,  fig.  140. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  Muir ;  characters,  habits,  and  figure  of  the  larva  of 
Gortyna  nitela. 

033.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    The  apple-twig  borer.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  June,  1809,  v.  1,  p.  200,  fig.  141. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  Hinckley ;  habits,  sexual  differences,  and  figure  of 
Bostrichus  [^=  Amphicerus ]  bicaudatus. 

034.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Apple-tree  borers  on  south 

side  of  trees.     <Amer.  Ent.,  June,  1809,  v.  1,  p.  200. 

*  Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  F.  Wielandy;  preference  shown  for  the  south  and 

southwest  sides  of  trees  by  the  larva  of  Chrysobothris  femorata. 

035.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Cocoons  of  the  Cecropia  moth. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  June,  1809,  v.  1,  p.  200. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  W.  Gordon  ;  comparison  between  the  cocoons  of 
Telea polyphemua   aud  Attacus  cecropia. 

030.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Flea-beetles.  •  <Amer.  Ent., 
June,  1809,  v.  1,  p.  200. 
Answer  to  iuquiry  of  F.  Hecker;  characters  of  an  undescribed  Longitaraua 
infesting  wheat  fields. 

037.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Strawberry  bugs.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  June,  1809,  v.  1,  p.  207. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  M.  Pearson  ;  characters,  ravages,  and  means  against 
Corimelcena  pitUcaria. 

038.  [Walsh,  B.  I).,  aud  C.  V.  Riley.]    Eggs  on  apple-trees.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  June,  1809,  v.  1,  p.  207,  fig.  142. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.   Conipton;    characters  of  eggs  of  Sinea  diadema; 
figure  of  the  imago  ;  its  value  as  a  destroyer  of  canker-worms, 

039.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Lady-bird  larvae.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  June,  1809,  v.  1,  p.  207,  fig.  143. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  S.  Foster ;  characters  of  the  larva  of  Hippodamia  con- 
rergens ;  figures  its  larva,  pupa,  and  imago ;  usefulness  of  Coccinellidw. 


76  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

640.  [WlLSH,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Wbite-grub  fungus,  again. 

<Amer.  Eut.,  June,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  207,  fig.  144. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  C.  Holmes;  figures  larva  of  Lachnosterna  fusca  at- 
tacked by  Cordyceps  ravenelii. 

641.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Bag-worms.     <Amer.  Ent., 

June,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  207. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  Parry;  means  against  Thyridoptei-yx  ephemerceformls. 

642.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  0.  V.  Riley.]    Tent-caterpillar.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  June,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  208,  fig.  145. 
Auswer  to  inquiry  of  S.  Blanchard ;  characters  of  the  imago  and  figures  of 
the  early  stages  of  Clisiocampa  americana ;  means  against  the  same. 

643.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Hawk's  pellets.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  June,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  208.  . 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  H.  G. ;  insectivorous  habits  of  Buteo  pennsylvanicus. 
See  No.  601. 

614.  [Walsh,  B.D.,  and  C.V.Riley.]    Plant  lice  on  berberry.    <Amer. 
Eut.,  June,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  208. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  R.  Preston;  means  against  A2)hididai. 

645.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Tent-caterpillar  of  the  forest. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  June,  1869,  v,  1,  p.  208,  fig.  146. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  Whitcomb;  characters,  habits,  jiarasites,  means 
against,  and  figure  of  larva  of  CMsiocampa  sylvalica  [=  dis^tria']. 

646.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  0.  V.  Riley.]    Cotton  insects.     <Amer.  Ent, 

July,  1869,  V.  i,  pp.  209-214,  fig.  147-151. 

Descriptions  and  figures  of  all  stages  of  Aletia  xylina  and  of  Heliothis  a7-mi- 
gera;  habits,  seasons,  ravages,  food-plants  of,  and  means  against  the  same; 
figures  larva  of  Clisiocampa  sylvatica  {^^^dissiria]. 

647.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     The  true  Army-worm  {Leucania 

unipuncta  Haworth).     <Amer.  Ent.,  July,  1869,  v.  1,  pp.  214- 
217,  fig.  152-155. 

Descriptions  and  figures  of  larva,  pupa,  and  imago  of  Leucania  unipuncta ; 
seasons,  ravages,  and  enemies  of  the  same;  figure  of  Exorista  militaris 
[=  iVerftorcBtt  leucanioi']. 

648.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Belated  individuals  of  the 

I)eriodical  Cicada.    <Amer.  Ent.,  July,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  217. 

Occurrence  of  scattering  individuals  of  Tibicen  stptendecim  in  years  before  or 
after  their  regular  period. 

649.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Is  the  Curculio  scarcer  than 

it  was  last  year?     <Amer.  Ent.,  July,  1869,  v.  1,  pp.  217,  218. 
Record  of  observations  to  prove  the  comparative  scarcity  of  Conotraclielus 
nemipliar  during  I8G9. 

650.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    To  destroy  Colorado  potato 

bugs.     <Amer.  Eut,  July,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  219. 
Reprint  of  communication  of  G.  Liddle,  with  comments;   Paris  green  as  a 
means  against  Doryphora  10  lineata. 

651.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Dr.  Hull's  Curculio  catcher. 

<Amer.  Ent,  June,  1869,  v.  1,  pp.  220-221,  fig.  156. 
Description  and  figure  of  Hull's  Curculio-catcher. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    KNTOMOLOGY.  77 

C52.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    The  Kew  York  wee\'il  {I thy- 
ccrns  novcboracensis,  Forster).     <Anier.  Kiit.,  July,  ISGD,  v.  I, 
pp.  2131-222,  fig.  157. 
Habits,  iood-plaiits,  distributiou,  description,  and  figure  of  larva  and  imago 
of  Itliycenis  novcboracensis ;  luoaoH  against  tiio  same. 

653.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  aud  C.  V.  Riley.]    Mounding  peach-trees  again. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  July,  18G9,  v.  1,  p.  223. 
Letter  of  A.  Dean,  with  coniJients;   charactirs  aud  habitat  of  Mycetophila 
persica'. 

654.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Overcrowded.    <Amer.  Ent., 

July,  1869,  V.  1,  p.  223. 
Duties  of  a  State  entomologist ;  impossibility  of  answering  inqiiiries  received 
during  the  past  month. 

655.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    No  airholes  needed  in  send- 

ing insects.     <Amer.  Eat.,  July,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  223. 

Directions  for  sending  living  insects. 

656.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Plum-leaf  worms.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  July,  1809,  v.  1,  p.  223. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  D.  Iliskey;  characters  of  larva  of  Lyda  sp. 

657.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Seed-corn  maggot.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  July,  1869.  v.  1,  p.  224,  figs.  138-139. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  Pauls;  characters,  ravages,  means  against,  aud  figure 
of  larva  of  Anthomyia  zeas;   characters  of  the  imago;  figure  of  the  pu- 
parium. 

658.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  aud  C.  V.  Riley.]    Cut-worms.    <Amer.  Ent., 

July,  1869,  V.  1,  p.  224. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  N.  C.  Birch;  ravages  of  Agrofis  teUfcra  [_=  ijpsilon]. 

659.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    New  York  weevil.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  July,  1869,  v.  1.  p.  224. 
Answer  to  inquiries  of  D.   H.  Kauffmau  aud  of  W.  D.  Turrill;  ravages  of 
Ithyccrua  noveboraceiisix. 

660.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Insects  around  peach-trees. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  July,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  224. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  C.  Brodhead  ;  larvie  of  Asilus  sp.  aud  of  Mycetophila 
pcrsiccc  found  arouud  roots  of  peach-trees. 

661.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Large  green  worm  in  a  peach. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  July,  1809,  v.  1,  p.  224. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  Wilgus;    characters  and  food-habits  of  an  unde- 
termiued  larva  found  iu  a  peach. 

662.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Ichneumon  liies.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  July,  1809,  v.  1,  p.  224. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  Kliuehaus  ;  characters  atul  figure  of  cocoons  of  Mi- 
crogaslcr  sp. 

603.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Raspberry  worms.    <Amer. 
Ent.,  July,  1809,  v.  1,  p.  224. 
Auswcr  to  inquiry  of  B.  Bordenj  characters  and  ravages  of  ^dan^ria  \  =ilQ' 
jiophadnus'}  rub}, 


78  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

6G4.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V".  Riley.]     Hairy  grape-leaf  folders. 
<Ainer.  Eut.,  July,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  224. 
Answer  to  iuquiry  of  A.  C.  Davis ;  characters  of  larva  aud  imago  of  Piero- 
2)horus  [=  Oxyptilusi  periscelidactylus. 

665.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Row  of  eggs  in  maple-twigs. 

<Amer.  Eut.,  July,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  224. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Bovver;  characters  of  eggs  of  undetermined  katydid. 

666.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Butterfly  named.     <Amer. 

Eut.,  July,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  224. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  R.  Bodley;  characters  of  Papilio  marccllus;  food- 
plants  of  its  larva. 

667.  [WALSfl,  B.  D,,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Grasshopper s  eggs.    <Amer. 

Eut.,  July,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  224. 
Answer  to  iuquiry  of  E.  P.  Burlingame;  characters  of  the  eggs  of  an  unde- 
termined grasshopper  aud  of  the  imago  of  CEdipoda  1=^  Dissosteria]  Carolina. 

668.  [Walsh,  B.D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Asilus  fly  larvae.    <Amer. 

Eut.,  July,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  225,  figs.  161-162. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  Pauls;  characters,  habits,  and  figure  of  larva  of 
Asilus  sp. ;   food-habits  of  larva  aud  imago  of  A.  sericeus  ;  figure  of  the 
imago  of  the  same;  Trupanea  [=  Promachus]  apivorus  as  a  destroyer  of  bees. 

669.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    New  insect-foe  of  the  black- 

berry.    <Amer.  Ent.,  July,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  225. 
Answer  to  iuquiry  of  C.  Parry;   comparative  characters  of  Apliididce  and 
Psyllida",  habits  of  Psylla  rabi  [=  Trio:a  tripiuictata']. 

670.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley,  j    Array- worm.     <Amer.  Ent., 

July,  1869,  V.  1,  p.  225. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  H.  Butts;  ravages  and  food-jjlauts  of  Leucania  uni- 
puncta. 

671.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Green   grape-vine   worm. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  July,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  225,  fig.  163. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  Pauls ;  characters,  food-plants,  and  figure  of  larva 
of  PyropMla  pyrainidoides. 

672.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  aud  C.  V.  Riley.]    Rose  slug.    <Amer.  Ent., 

July,  1869,  V.  1,  p.  225. 
Answer  to  inquiries  of  G.  W.  Copley  and  B.  S.  Morris ;  characters,  ravages, 
aud  means  against  Selandria  [=.  Monostegia'l  rosce. 

673.  [Walsh,  B,  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.1     lusects  named.    <Amer.  Ent, 

July,  1869,  V.  1,  p.  225. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Weed  ;  food-habits  of  Leptostylus  acuUferus  and  of 
Podabrus  modestus. 

674.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Chrysalis  of  the  virgin  tiger 

motn.     <Amer.  Ent,  July,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  225. 
Answer  to  iuquiry  of  C.  Malliuckrodt;  characters  of  Arciia  virgo  ;  supposed 
food-plants  of  its  larva. 

675.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  0.  V.  Riley.]    Clover- worms.    <Amer.  Ent, 

July,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  226,  fig.  164. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  P.  Flanders  ;  characters  of  Asopia  costaUs ;  habits  of 
its  lavs'a:  figures  larva,  pujja,  cocooa,  and  imago. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  71) 

07«.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.J     Raspberry  brand.     <AnHM. 
Ent.,  July,  18G9,  v,  1,  p.  22G. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  M.  BeecliM- ;  larvadCsiiiall  jiiuil  Ircdin;;  on  rasplifiTy- 
hrand. 

Gil.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Rose  worms.     <Amer.  Eut., 
July,  18G9,  V.  1,  p.  226. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.   S.  Grover;  character,   ravages,  food-plants,  and 
means  against  Heliothis  margidens  \_=  I'l/rrhia  exprimeuH]. 

678.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Plum-tree  plant-lice.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  July,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  226,  figs.  165-167. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  W.  Gordon;  characters  of  Aphis  prunifolia'  and  A. 
[  =  Mij2U8'\  cerasi;  ravages,  enemies,  and  means  against  Jphidida",  figures 
larva  of  coccinellid,  syrphid  and  hemcrobi '. 

679.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Iclineumou-flies.    <Amer. 

Eut.,  July,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  226. 
Answer  to  inquiries  of  S.  J.  Throp  and  J.  E.  Trabue;   lilehabits  of  Micro- 
gaster  sp.  f 

680.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  RILEY^]    A  new  Curculio  humbug. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  July,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  226. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  P.  Flanders;  uselessnessof  a  patent  lamp  for  destroy- 
ing Conotrachelus  nenuphar. 

681.  [Walsh,  B.D.,  and  C.V.RiLEY.]     Sweet- potato  beetles.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  July,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  227. 
Answer  to  inquiries  of  Subscriber  and  A.  E.  Trabue;  food-habits  and  charac- 
ters of  larva  and  imago  of   Coptocyda  aiirichahea  and  of  C.  [=^  C<i8si<fa] 
birittata. 

682.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  RILEY^]     Injured  strawberry  and  grape- 

vines.    <Amer.  Ent.,  July,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  227. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  P.  Pierson;  ravages  of  Capsus  uhrnieatux  [=:  Lygim 
pratensis']. 

683.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]    Plum-tree  insects.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  July,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  227. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  F.  Waters ;  characters  of  Bibio  albipennis ;  food-habits 
of  its  larva. 

684.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]    Apple-tree  bugs.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  July,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  227. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  L.  Youse;  character  of  Brochymena  aunulata. 

685.  [Walsh,   B.   D.,    and   C.  V.   Riley.]     Hickory-stem  gall-louse. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  July,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  227. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  B.  F.  Long;  characters  of  galls  of  I'hyllorera  caiyw- 
cattlis ;  food-habits  of  Thrips. 

686.  [Walsh,  B.D.,  and  C.V.Riley. J   Grape-vine  leaf-hopper.   <Amer. 

Ent.,  July,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  227. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  R.  M.  Copelaud ;  means  against  Tettigonia  1=  Typhlo- 
cyba']  vitis. 

687.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]    Twelve-spotted  Diabrotica. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  July,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  227,  fig.  168. 

Answer  to  inquiries  of  E.  S.  Foster  and  R.  D.  Park.T  ;  characters  and  meuua 
against  Diabrotica  Vi-punctata;  figure  of  the  sauic, 


80  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

G88.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    The  caterpillar  of  the  forest. 
<Amer.  Ent.,  July,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  227. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  M.  McKenzie  ;   food-habits  and  means  against  CUsio- 
campa  sylvatica  [^^disstria']. 

689.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]   Strawberry  destroyer.  <Amer. 
Ent.,  July,  18G9,  v.  1,  p.  227. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  W.  Copley ;  habits  of  unknown  strawberry  destroyer. 

G90.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  (J.  V.  Eiley.]    Eggs  of  bugs  on  strawberry. 
<Aiuer.  Ent.,  July,  1809,  v.  1,  p.  227. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  S.  Fuller;  characters  of  eggs  of  unknown  reduvid 
attacked  by  parasites. 

691.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  0.  V.  Eiley.]    Frog-spittle  insects.   <Amer. 

Ent.,   July,   1869,   v.   1,   p.   228.     Eeprint:  <Cultivator   and 
Country  Gentleman,  29  July,  1869,  v.  34,  p.  82. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  B.  Hartwell ;   habits,  characters,  and  injuries  of 
Aphrophora  quadravgularis. 

692.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]  Eggs  of  ground-beetle.  <Amer. 

Ent.,  July,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  228. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  J.  Ayres ;  characters  of  eggs  of  undetermined  ground- 
beetle  found  under  bark  of  pear-twigs. 

693.  [VTalsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]    New  insect-foe  of  the  potato. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  July,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  228. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  I.  Hicks;  food-habits  of  Casaida  [=  Coptocyclal  clavata. 

694.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Eiley.]    Tomato-stalk  borer.  <Amer. 

Ent.,  July,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  228. 
Auswi  r  to  inquiry  of  E.  J.  Ayres ;  Gortyna  nitela  injurious  to  toipato-stalks. 

695.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  0.  V.  Eiley.]    Breeding  cages.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  July,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  228. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  S.  Redney ;  description  of  cage  for  breeding  insects. 

696.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]    Elm-tree  borer.   <Amer.  Ent., 

July,  1869,  V.  1,  p.  228. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  M.  Gregory ;    characters  and  food-habits  of  Phy- 
socnemum  breviUncum.     See  No.  583. 

697.  [Walsh,  B.  13.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]    Peach-twig  borer.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  July,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  228. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  Fisher;  means  against  undetermined  lepidopterous 
borer  in  twigs  of  peach. 

698.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]    Eggs  of  periodical  Cicada  in 

savin-twig.     <Amer.  Ent.,  July  18o9,  v.  1,  p.  228. 

Auswer  to  inquiry  of  J.  A.  Greasou  ;  Tihicen  seplendecim  ovipositing  in  twigs 
of  Junipei'us  saiina, 

699.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]    Elm-tree  saw-fly.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  July,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  228. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  R.  Whitney  ;  characters  of  larva  and  imago  of  Cim- 
hex  laporiei  [=rtnie>-ica>ia]  ;  food-plants  of  its  larva. 

700.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]     Snout-beetle.    <Amer.  Ent., 

July,  1869,  V.  1,  p.  228. 
Answer  to  iuquirjf  of  H.  Kleiuhaus;   supposed  ioQ^-la^hMa  of  ByloUm  con- 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  81 

701.  [Walsh,  B.  1).,  and  C.  V.  Riley. J     The  close  of  the  first  volume. 

<Amer.  Eut.,  Aufjust,  ISO!),  v.  1,  p.  L'LM). 
Prospectus  of  the  second  volume  of  the  Jincrican  Entomologist. 

702.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  RILEY^]     The  Royal  horned  caterpillar. 

{Geratocampa  {Citheronia)  regalia,  Fabr.).     <Amer.  Ent.,  Au- 
gust, 1869,  V.  1,  pp.  230-231,  pi.  1. 
Habits,  seasous,  sexual  characters,  food-plants,  and  vernacular   names  of 
Citheronia  regalis;  descriptions  and  Hgures  of  larva  and  pupa;  ligure  of 
larva,  pupa,  and  imago. 

703.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.J     Comparative  scarcity  of  the 

Curculio  again.     <Amer.  Ent.,  August,  18G9,  v.  1,  p.  241. 
Observations  on  the  comparative  abundance  of  Conotrachelua  nenuphar  during 
the  early,  summer  of  1869. 

704.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]    A  possible  cause  of  the  bee 

disease.     <Amer.  Ent.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  pp.  241-242. 

Reprint  of  article  by  P.  H.  Philbrook  (Amer.  Bee  Journal,  May,  ld69),  with 
comments ;  dipterous  enemies  of  the  honey-bee. 

705.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Ash  and  mountain  ash.   <Amer. 

Ent.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  pp.  243-244. 
Criticisms  of  paper  of  H.  Shimer  (Trans.  111.  State  Hortic.  Soc,  1868). 

706.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    How  the  Curculio  flies  by 

night.     <Amer.  Ent.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  244. 
Extract  from  lecture  by  I.  P.  Trimble,  with  comment. 

707.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    The  periodical  Cicada;  our 

ftrst  brood  established.     <  Amer.  Ent.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  244. 
Appearance  in  Connecticut  of  a  brood  of  Tihictn  septtndecim  in  1869. 

708.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Be  on  the  guard.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  244. 
Need  of  care  in  the  transportation  of  living  insects  ;  accidental  introduction 
of  Doryphora  lO-lineala. 

709.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Prophecy  fulfilled.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  244. 
Spread  of  Doryphora  10-lineata  through  Michigan. 

710.  [Waxsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     A  poisonous  worm.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  245. 
Extract  from  exchange  ;  larva  of  Protoparce  celeus  not  poisonous. 

711.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Wheat  midge,  alias  milk 

weevil,  alias  red  weevil.     <Amer.  Ent.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p. 
245. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  Corbit ;  characters  of  larva  of  Cecidomyia  1=  Di- 
ploais']  tritid;  change  in  heads  of  wheat. 

712.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Large  fish-fly.     <  Amer.  Ent, 

August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  245. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  R.  McCutchen  ;   characters  of  ChauUodes  pectini- 

cornis  ;  habits  of  the  larva  of  C.  rastricornis. 
6  ENT 


82  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

713.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  aud  C.  V.  Rile  Y.J   Cottouwood  leaf-galls.  <  A.mer. 

Eut,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  245. 
Auswer  to  inquiry  of  J.  B.  Taylor;  habits  of  Pemphujus  popuUcaiiUs  \  char- 
acters of  its  galL 

714.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley^j    Insects  named.    <Amer.  Ent., 

August,  1869,  V.  1,  p.  215. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  G.  Goodrich  ;  characters  of  Saperda  bivittata  [^  Can- 
dida']. 

715.  [Walsh,  B.  D,,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Four-lined  leaf-bug  on  currant. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  246. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  M.  B.  Bateman  ;  characters,  habits,  and  means  against 
Capsus  4-vittatu8  [=  Poecilocapsus  lineatus']. 

716.  [Walsh,  B.  D,,  and  C.  V.  Riley.J     Bee  moth.     <Amer.  Ent., 

August,  1869,  V.  1,  p.  246,  fig.  182. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  Blanchard  ;  ravages  and  means  against  Galleria  ce- 
reana ;  figures  larva,  pupa,  cocoon,  and  imago  of  the  same. 

717.  [Walsh,  B.   D.,   and  C.  V.  Riley,]     Canker-worm    parasites. 

<Amer.  Ent,,  August,  1869,  v,  1,  p,  246, 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Petit;  mention  of  Microgaster  sp.,  parasitic  on  Ani- 
sopteryx. 

718.  [Walsh,  B,  D,,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Beetles  swarming  about  the 

lawn.     <Amer.  Ent.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  246. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  Thoinpsou ;    characters  of  Gymnetis  [= JtiZorAina] 
nitida ;  habits  of  its  larva. 

719.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Tiger-beetle  larva.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  246. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  R.  J.  Dodge  ;  characters  and  habits  of  larva  of  Cicindel- 
idce. 

720.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Large  compound  gall  on  grape- 

vine.    <Amer.  Eut.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  247,  fig.  183. 
Answer  to  inquiries  of  A.  S.  Fuller  and  D.  W.  Kauffman ;  characters  and 
figure  of  gall  of  Lasioptera  vitis ;  habits  of  its  larva ;  enemy  and  parasite 
of  the  same. 

721.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Insects  named.     <  Amer.  Ent., 

August,  1869,  V.  1,  p.  247. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  M.  Treat ;  habits  of  larva  of  TemnochUa  [=  Trogosita] 
virescens,  of  Aplodes  [=  Synchlora']  rubivora,  and  of  Calosoma  calidum. 

722.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  RILEY^]     Destructive  larvai.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  247. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  B.  F.  Lee  ;  ravnges  of  an  undetermined  larva  ;  para- 
sites of  Saturnia  [=  Hcmileuca']  viaia. 

723.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Eggs  of  tree-cricket  on  grape- 

vine.    <Amer.  Ent.,  August.  1869,  v.  1,  p.  247. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  B.  F.  Lee;  characters  of  eggs  of  (Ecanthus  niveus;  car- 
nivorous habits  of  the  larva  of  the  same. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  83 

724.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Grape-vine  leaf-gall.     <Amer. 

Ent ,  August,  18G9,  v.  1,  p.  2iS,  tig.  184. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  A.  Hilliard  ;  characters  and  figure  of  tlie  leuf-gallH 
of  Phylloxera  vUifoVnv  [— rastafnx];  its  enemies  and  means  against  them; 
varieties  of  grape  infested  ;  identity  of  the  leaf-  ami  n.ot-galls;  criticism 
of  the  new  genera  and  families  of  H.  Shinier. 

725.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.J     Grape-vine  insects.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  August,  18G9,  v.  1,  p.  248. 
Answer  to  in(iuiry  of  G.   Pauls;  characters  of  Pelidnota  punctata;  its  larval 
habits;  characters,  habits,  and  food-plants  oi Enchophijllum  \_  =  EnchcHopa'\ 
binotata. 

726.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Museum  pests.    < Anier.  Ent., 

August,  1869,  V.  1,  p.  248. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  P.  Faulkner  ;  ravages  of  Dermestex  lardarius. 

727.  [Walsh,  B.D., and C.\^. Riley.]    Wheat  maggots.    <Amer.Ent., 

August,  1809,  V.  1,  p.  248. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  K.  Faulkner  ;  characters  of  larva  of  Aferomyza  ameri- 
cana  injurious  to  heads  of  wheat. 

728.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Parasites  on  "hateful  grass- 

hopper."    <Aiuer.  Ent.,  August,  1809,  v.  1,  p.  249. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.   K.   Faulkner;    characters  and   habits  of  Jstoma 
[^  TrombidiuinJ  locustarum. 

729.  [Walsh,  B.D.,  and  C.V.Riley.]    Crippled  moths.    <Amer.  Ent., 

August,  1869,  V.  1,  p.  248. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  P.  Faulkner;  conditions  needed  to  enable  moths  to 
expand  their  wings ;  means  by  which  insects  walk  on  smooth  surfaces. 

730.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.   V.  Riley.]    Insects  on  the  oleander. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  249,  tig.  185.         , 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  W.  Gordon  ;  means  against  undetermined  Coccid 
on  oleander;  habits  and  figure  of  Chilocorn8  bivulnerus. 

731.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Insects  found  on  apple-trees. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  249. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  W.  Waters;  identification  of  the  eggs  of  lieduviua 
raptatorius  l=^Sinea  diadevia']  ;  habits  of  Chilocorus  bivulnerun. 

732.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Beetles  named.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  249. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  M.  Shafter ;  Lytta  atrata  {j^  Epicauta  pennnylranira] 
caught  on  rag- weed. 

733.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Gigantic  water-bug.    < Amer. 

Ent.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  249,  tig.  186. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  M.  Downing  ;  habits  and  figure  of  Beloatoma  ijrandM 
[^=  americanum'\, 

734.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.J    Worm  eating  into  green  to- 

matoes.    <Amer.  Ent.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  249. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  D.  L.  Hall;  food-habits  of  Gortyna  iiitela. 


84  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

735.  rWALSH,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Eiley.]     Miscellaneous.    <Amer.  Ent., 

August,  1869,  V.  1,  p.  249. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  W.  Copley  ;  food-habits  of  Chnjsochits  auratus,  Semi- 
leuca  maia,  and  Apliin  \^^^Myzus']  ribis;  habits  of  Lozotcenia  1=  Caccecia'] 
rosaceana. 

736.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C,  V.  Riley.]     Insects  named.    <Amer.  Ent., 

August,  1869,  V.  1,  p.  250. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  A.  Muuger ;  food-habits  of  Cassida  pallida  [=  Co2>- 
tocycla  aurichalcea],  Lytta  murina  \^^  Macrobasis  uni€olor'\,  and  of  the  larva 
of  the  species'  of  Prionus. 

737.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]     Lightning-hoppers.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  250. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  W.  Gordon;  characters  and  habits  of  Poeeiloptera 
pruinosa  ;  vernacular  names  of  Fulgoridce,  Membracida;,  and  Jassidw. 

738.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y,  Eiley.]     Bag-worms.     <Amer.  Ent., 

August,  1869,  V.  1,  p.  250. 

Answer  to  inquiries  of  T.  W.  Gordon  and  S.  Thompson  ;  food-habits  of  Thy- 
ridopteryx  ephemerceformis. 

739.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Eiley.]     Woolly  gall  on  white  oak. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  250,  fig.  187. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  S.  Fuller ;  characters  and  figure  of  the  gall  of  Cynips 
[=  AitdricKs']  seminator. 

740.  [WiLSH,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Eiley.]     Cabbage  peats.    <Amer.  Ent., 

August,  1869,  V.  1,  p.  250. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  A.  Williams ;    characters  and  habits  of  an   unde- 
termined elaterid  larva  ;  means  against  the  larvse  of  ElateridcB. 

741.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  EILEY^]    Bugs  gathering  on  pear  shoots. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  250. 
Afiswer  to  inquiry  of  E.  J.  Ayres ;  characters  and  habits  of  Corimehena  puli- 
caria. 

742.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Eiley.]     Potato-bug.     <Amer.  Ent., 

August,  1869,  V.  1,  p.  250. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  B.  Cart-well ;  food-habits  of  Cmsida  [=  CoptocycW] 
clavata. 

743.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Eiley.]     Insects  named.    <Amer.  Ent., 

August,  1869,  V.  1,  p.  251. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  T.  Birch;   Trochilium  [_=^^geria']  acerni  bred  from 
maple. 

744.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Eiley.]     Apple-tree  worms.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  251. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  Waters;  abundance  of  undetermined  moth  {Corycia 
vestaliata?)  ;  larva  of  the  same  on  apple-trees. 

745.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  0.  Y.  Eiley.]    Oak-fig  gall.    <Amer.  Ent., 

August,  1869,  V.  1,  p.  251. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  Fendler;   characters  of  the  gall  of   Cynips  [_=  Bio- 
rhizal  forticornis  and  of  a  guest-lly,  Ceroptres  ficus,  inhabiting  the  same. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OK    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  85 

740.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley. J    lusccts  uamod.     <Amer.  Ent, 
August,  1860,  V.  1,  p.  251. 
Auswer  to  inquiry  of  D.  L.  Pliarcs;  irrej^iilar  apitoaranec  of  Cicada  tredecim 
l—Tihicen  septeudeciin']  ;  food-habits  of  Oncidenn  chigulaia. 

747.  f  Walsh,  B.D.,  and  C.V.Riley.]   Small  apple-leaf  worms.  <Amer. 

Ent.,  August,  1809,  v.  1,  p.  251. 
Answer  to  iiKjuiry  of  H.  Compton  ;  means  against  Spiloiiota  ocitlana  [    -  Tine- 
toceiu  ocellaua'\. 

748.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Rose  bug  on  apples.    <Ainer. 

Ent.,  August,  18G9,  v.  1,  p.  251. 
Answer  to  in(|niry  of  A.  Dean  ;  food-plants  and  means  against  Macrodactylun 
auhnpinosun. 

749.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley\]     Unicorn  apple-tree  caterpillar. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  251. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  C.  Brodhead ;  characters  of  the  larva  and  imago  of 
Xotodonfa  [=  Cncloda-'iys']  nnicornis  ;  food-plants  of  the  larva  of  the  same. 

750.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley^]     Large  water  beetle.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  251. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  E.   Mumford ;    characters  of    Citbister  fmhriolafus. 
See  No.  816. 

751.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley\]     Beetles  around  peach-trees. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  252. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  Hollister,  jr. ;  characters  and  habiis  of  Helops  piil- 
his  [=<pre»/s]. 

752.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     A  quick  traveler.     <Amer. 

Eut.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  252. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  C.  Brodhead ;  characters  and  harmlessness  of  Cei'ma- 
tia  forceps. 

753.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Unknown  moth.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  252. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  G.  Barton ;  distribution  of  Jnnonia  laviiiia  in  Illinois. 

754.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]  '  Corn-borer.    <Amer.  Ent., 

August,  1869,  V.  1,  p.  252. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  F.  M.  N. ;  identification  of  the  larva  of  Gortyva  nitela 
injurious  to  corn. 

755.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Horns  of  stag-beetle.    <Amer. 

Eut.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  252. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  R.  Ed^ijards;  larval  habits  of  Lucanun  elaphus. 

756.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V,  Riley.]     Imported  gooseberry  worms. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  August,  J869,  v.  1,  p.  252. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  P.  Faulkner  ;  means  against  Xematux  ribesii. 

757.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Wortn  on  bark  of  walnut-tree. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  252. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  F.  8.  Fuller;  undetermined  notodontoid  larva  on  the 
bark  of  walnut. 


86  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

758.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Eotteii  root.     <Amer.  Eut., 

August,  1869,  V.  1,  p.  252. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  M.  Beecher;  scavenger  habits  of  undetermined  larva 
feeding  on  dead  roots  of  apple-trees. 

759.  [Walsh,  B,  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]     Large  dragon-fly.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  252. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  S.  Grover :  characters  and  usefulness  of  .JUschna  con- 
stricta. 

760.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Stinging  larvae.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  252. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  H.  King ;  characters  and  urticating  properties  of 
Saturnia  \_^=  Remileuca^  viaia;  peach-blow  potatoes  avoided  hj  Doryphora 
10-rtneata. 

761.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Raspberry  worms.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  252. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  H.  Beebe ;  characters  of  larva  of  Selandria  \_:=Mo- 
nojjhadnusl  rnbi. 

762.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Leaf-galls  and  caterpillars  on 

the  sugarberry.     <Amer.  Ent.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  252. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  L.  Scotield ;  undetermined  gail  on  leaves  of  Celtis 
occidentalis ;  Orgyia  leucostigma  feeding  on  the  leaves  of  the  same. 

763.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Dark  grape-worm.     <Amer. 

Ent,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  252. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  ^Y.  G. ;  characters  and  food-plants  of  Thyreus  ahbotii. 

764.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Too  fond  of  honey.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  252. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  W.  Gordon ;  Cermatla  forceps  found  in  a  jar  of  honey. 

765.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]     Caterpillar  of  polyphemus 

moth.     <Amer.  Ent.,  August,  1869,  v.  1,  p.  252. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  De  Wyl ;  larva  of  Telea  polyphemus  feeding  on  plams. 

766.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C  Y.  Riley.]     Why  noxious  insects  increase 

upon  us.    <Amer.  Ent.,  September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  pp.  1-2. 
Eeasons  why  noxious  insects  increase  ;  review  of  articles  by  E.  S.  Hull,  H. 
W.  Beecher,  and  Puritan. 

767.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]     Tortoise-beetles.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  pp.  2-5,  figs.  1-3. 
Resemblances  of  insects  to  other  animals  or  to  their  surroundings ;  distribu- 
tion, food-plants,  and  figure  of  Deloyala  [=  Coptocycla'\  clavata  ;  description 
and  figure  of  Physonota  qmnque-pnnctata  n.  sp.  [=  unipuncfata^;  figure  of 
the  larva  of  the  same ;  conespondence  of  structural  differences  in  larvie 
with  those  in  imagos  of  Cassidida;  and  with  differences  in  food-plants;  list 
of  insects  injurious  to  Solanum  ;  figure  of  pupa  and  imago  of  Chelymorpha 
cribraria  [=  argils']. 

768.  [Walsh,   B.   D.,   and   C.  Y.   Riley.]     Scientific  nomenclature. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  pp.  5-8. 
Rules  observed  in  giving  specific  names  to  animals  and  plants  ;  the  law  of 
priority;  nature  and  extent  of  generic  subdivisions. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OP    KCOXOMIC    KNTOMOJ.OGY.  S? 

769.  [Walsh,  B.  I).,  and  C.  V.  Rilev.J     Killin<;  iii)ple-wonns  by  111:1 

chiuerj.     <Ainer.  Ent.,  Septembcr-Ocrober,  ISGi),  v.  L',  p.  '.». 
Extract  from  article  ot'  L.  P.  Hiiskell,  with  (.nmnicnt ;  iisi^  of  rags  in  |ilart«  of 
hay-bauds  as  traps  for  Carpocapsa  pomonella:  destruction  of  the  inseets 
caught  by  means  of  a  clothes-wriuger. 

770.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  aud  C.  V.  Riley.]    A  potter  wasp  {Odynerus  Jfa- 

ripes  f  Fabr.).  < Amer.  Ent,  September-October,  1809,  v.  L', 
p.  10,  fig.  4. 
Method  employed  by  Eumenidce  to  provision  their  nests;  construction  of  the 
same  by  species  of  Odynerus;  habits  of  0.  flavlyes  in  provisiouing  a  nest 
with  several  species  of  larvie  ;  figure  of  the  imago  of  the  same  aud  of  the 
uest  of  a  species  of  Odynerus;  structure  of  wiugs  aud  habits  of  Vespidce, 
Eumenidte,  and  fossorial  wasps. 

771.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Tomato- worms  not  poisonous. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  11. 

Prejudices  in  regard  t<>  tertaiu  animals;  presence  of  the  horu  on  the  larv;e 
of  almost  all  Sphingidce ;  larva  of  Protoparce  celeiis  not  i^oisouous. 

772.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  aud  C.  V.  Riley.]    Gooseberry  aud  currant  worms. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  September-October,  1809,  v.  2,  pp.  12-22,  figs. 
5-11. 

Need  of  precision  in  nomeuclature;  relations  and  distribution  of  the  North 
American  species  of  i?i"6cs;  insect  enemies  of  the  same;  natural  history  and 
description  of  EUopia  [^  Eufitchia']  ribearia,  Xcmatns  ventricosus  [_^  rihesii], 
and  Pristiphora  grossularia;;  figures  larvje  and  imagos  of  the  three  species 
aud  the  pupa  of  the  Eufitchia. 

773.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Strii)ed  cucumber  beetle. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  24,  figs.  17-19. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  M.  M.  Gray;  description  of  larva,  aud  habits,  ravages 
of  and  means   against  the  larva  and  imago  of  Diabrotica  vitiata;  figures 
larva,  pupa,  aud  imago  of  the  same. 

774.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Leafy  oak  gall.    <Amer.  Ent., 

September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  25,  fig.  20. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  B.  H.  B. ;  description  and  figure  of  the  gall  of  Cijnips 
q.-frondosa. 

775.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Drop  of  gold.    <Amer,  Ent, 

September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  25. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  B.  H.  B. ;  egg  of  atheroma  regalis?  on  shellbark-hick- 
ory ;  characters  of  eggs  and  oviposition  of  Metapodius  nasuhts  [=fenior'atu8'\. 

776.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     The  luna  moth.    <Amer.  Km., 

September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  25. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  W.  Kinuey  ;  characters  of  Attacus  [_=  Actios']  luna: 
food-plants  of  the  larva  of  the  same. 

777.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  aud  C.  V.  Riley.]     Hag-moth   larva.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  25,  fig.  21. 
Answer  to  inquiries  of  C.  T.  Farndl  aud  M.  B.  Baldwin  ;  characters  of  cocoon 
and  imago  of  Limacodes  1=  Phohetron]  pithecium;  number  of  broods  of  the 
moth  in  the  year ;  figure  of  the  larva  ;  occurrence  of  Barpactor  [  =  Mili/as] 
cinctns  in  Illinois. 


88  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

778.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  EiLEY.]     StiugiDgbug.     <Amer.  Ent., 

September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  25. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  M.  Sbalier;  habits  and  characters  of  Phymata  erosa, 

779.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,-  and  C.  V.  Eiley.J     Pear-tree  worms.     < Amer, 

Ent.,  September-October,  3869,  v.  2,  p.  25. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  B.  Hathaway;  larva  of  Notodonta  \_=  CEdemasia']  con- 
cinna  found  on  pear-tree  leaves. 

780.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Kiley.]     "Dobson.''    <Amer.  Ent., 

September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  25. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  Fisherman ;  ignorance  as  to  what  the  larva  called 
•'Dobson"  is. 

781.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley'.]     White-pine  weevil.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  26,  fig.  22. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  S.  Fuller;  seasons,  ravages,  and  means  against  Pis- 
sodes  strohi;  i3gures  larva,  pupa,  and  imago  of  the  same. 

782.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  G.  V.  Riley^]    Unnatural  secretion  of  wax. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  26. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  F.  Brewer ;  description  of  a  case  of  excessive  secretion 
of  wax  by  Apis  melUfica. 

783.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Raspberry  borer.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  26. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  F.  A.  Gates ;  ravages  of  the  larva  of  Oberea  persincillata 
l^bimaculata']  in  blackberry  and  raspberry  bushes;  characters  of  the 
imago  of  Dryocanipa  senatoria;  food-plants  of  the  larva  of  the  same. 

784.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley^]     Cocoon  of  horn-bug.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  26. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  R.  McClutchen ;  characters  of  cocoon  of  Lucanus 
dama? 

785.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Insects  named.     <Amer.  Ent., 

September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  26,  fig.  23. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  R.  Muhlemau ;  characters  and  figure  of  Amphipyra 
l^  PyropIdla'\  pyramidoides;  food-plants  and  larva  of  the  same  and  of  A. 
pyramidea  of  Europe;  characters  of  the  larva  and  imago  oi  Agnomonia  ani- 
lis;  supposed  food-plants  of  its  larva. 

786.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  0.  V.  Riley.]    Cecropia  moth  caterpillar. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  26. 

Answer  to  inquiries  of  H.  G.  Lewelliug  and  S.  H.  I.  Green  ;  characters  and 
food-plants  of  the  larva  of  Attacns  cecropia. 

787.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     How  cut-worms  originate. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  26. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  W.  Gordon;  cut- worms  are  larvse  produced  from 
eggs  of  certain  Noctuidw. 

788.  [Walsh,  B.D.,  and  C.V.Riley.]  Red-humped  caterpillar.  <Amer. 

Ent.,  September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  27,  figs.  24-26. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  D.  W.  Kauffman  ;   habits,  characters,  food-plants,  and 
means  against  larva  of  Notodonta  [=  dJdemasia}  concinna;  figures  larva, 
pupa,  and  imago  of  the  same ;  poisonousness  of  the  fluids  of  certain  insects. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  89 

789.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,audC.V.  KiLEY.]     Insects  named.     <Amer.Ent., 

September-October,  186i),  v.  li,  p.  27. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  W.  G[orilon]  ;  characters  and  food-plants  of  r/ic/ia 
himaculata  and  of  larva  of  Procrix  1=^  Harrixina'\  (inuricana  and  Eudamux 
fitj/nts ;  characters  of  the  imago  of  the  last. 

790.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     (iilt  gold-beetle.    <Amer. 

Eut.,  September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  27. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  H,  Martin  ;  characters  and  foQd-plants  of  Chryaochns 
auratus. 

791.  [Walsh,   B.   D.,  and   C.  V.  Riley.]    The  trumpet  grape-gall. 

<Amer.  Eut.,  September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  28,  fig.  27. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  I).  McClaine;  description  and  figure  of  galls  of  Cecido- 
viyia  vitisUtuus  [^t'iticola'\;  occurrence  of  similar  galls  on  several  varieties 
of  grape-vines  and  on  leaves  of  hickory  and  hackberry. 

792.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Grape-berry  moth.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  28. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  C.  Barnard  ;  ravages  of  Penthina  rithorana  [^  Eu- 

(hmis  hotrana']. 

793.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]     Oak  pruner.     <Amer.  Ent., 

September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  28. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  J.  Plumb;  occurrence  of  Elaphidion  putator  [  =  r»/- 
/osMWi]  at  Madison,  Wis. 

794.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley'.I     Potato-bugs.    <Amer.  Ent., 

September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  28. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.    R.    Shelmire  ;    lavages   and  food-plants  of  Lytta 
1=  Epicaittal  viitata;  means  against  potato-eating  J/e/oido' ;  characters  of 
an  unknown  lepidopterous  larva  boring  in  a  potato-stalk  ;  directions  for 
packing  insects. 

795.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.   Riley\]    Blood-sucking  cone-nose. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  September-October,  18  .9,  v.  2,  p.  28. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  W.  C. ;  effect  of  the  "bite"   of  Coiiorhitius  sangui- 
siiga;  food-habits  of  the  same. 

796.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley'.]     Woolly  slug-like  worm  on 

apple.     <Amer.  Ent.,  September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  29. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  A.  Green;  food-plants  and  characters  of  larva  of 
Lagoa  opercularis  ;  characters  of  the  imago  of  the  same  ;  improper  method 
of  packing  living  insects. 

797.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]    A  water-bug.     <Amer.  Ent., 

September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  29. 
Answer  to  inqui^y  of  W.  V.  Smith  ;  characters  of  Panatra  funcii ;  habits  an<l 
habitat  of  Xepida;. 

798.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.   Riley.]    Goldenrod  galls.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  29. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  W.  C. ;  characters  of  galls  of  Trypeta  solidaginiH 
and  Cecidomyia  sohdaginis. 


90  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

799.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]     Oak-leaf  gall.     <Amer.  Ent., 

September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  29. 
Auswer  to  inquiry  of  B.  H.  Broaduox;  description  of  galls  of  Cecidomyia 
quercus-pilula;  and  C.  q.-siimmetrica ;  Cynipidw  inquilinous  in  galls  of  Ceci- 
doviyidce]  differences  between  larvie  of  Cynipidce  and  Cecidomyidw ;  trans- 
formations of  C.  q.-piluloe  and  of  the  Cynips  sp.,  inquilinous  in  its  gall ; 
distinction  between  groups  of  oaks. 

800.  [Walsh,  B.D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Humble  bees.     <Amer.  Eut., 

September-October,  18G9,  v.  2,  p.  30. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  S.  Davis;  number  of  species  and  distribution  of  the 
genus  Bombus  in  North  America ;  habits  of  and  differences  between  the 
several   forms  composing  a   society  of  social  insects ;   habits  of  Bombus 
pennsylvanicus,  Halicim  sp.,  and  Andrena  sp. 

801.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  aud  (1  V.  Riley.]    Can  land  be  insured  against 

cut- worms  and  other  insects?     <Amer.  Ent.,  September-Oc- 
tober, 1869,  V.  2,  p.  30. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  Willis ;  means  against  larvje  of  cut-worms. 

802.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Beetles  named.     < Amer.  Ent., 

September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  30. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  W.   Hoyt,  jr. ;  characters  of  Cassida  1=  Coptocycla^ 
aurichalcea  and  Brachinus  atnericanus;  effect  of  the  discharge  made  by  Bra- 
chinus  sp.  upon  the  inside  of  the  human  mouth. 

803.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Royal  horned-caterpillar. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  30. 
Answer  to  inquiries  of  W.  C.  Holmes  and  M.  G.  Kern  ;  larva  of  atheroma  re- 
galis  found  feeding  on  Syringa. 

804.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Parsnip  caterpillar.     <Amer. 

Ent..  September-October,  1869,  v.  2.  p.  30. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  W.  Hoyt,  jr.  ;  characters  of  larva  of  Papilio  asterias. 

805.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Insects  named.     <Amer.  Ent., 

September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  31. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  P.  Faulkner ;  identification  of  several  beetles ;  habits 
of  Creophilus  villoaus,    Listotrophus  cingulatus,    Scarites  subterraneus,    and 
Uloma  impressa. 

306.  [Walsh,  B,  D.,  aud  C.  V.  Riley.]    Beetle  named.     < Amer.  Ent., 
SeiJtember-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  31. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  Keyes ;  habits  and  characters  of  larva  of  Calopteron 
ferminale;  distinctness  of  C  reticulatum  from  C.  termhiale. 

807.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  0.  V.  Riley.]    Moth  named.     <Amer.  Ent., 

September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  31. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  G.   Barton  ;  food-plant  of  larva  a,nd  characters  of 
imago  oi  Alaria  [=  Rhodoplwra']  florida. 

808.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  0.  V.  Riley.]    Worm  boring  into  cucumber. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  31. 

'Answer  to  inquiries  of  G.  W.  C,  O.  L.  Barler,  and  E.  S.  Smith;  characters 
of  larva  and  imago  of  I'hakellura  {=^Eiidioptis'\  nitidalis;  food-plants  of  larva ; 
characters  of  undetermined  larva  found  boring  in  cucumbers. 


lUniJOGRArilV    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOOY.  91 

800.  I  Walsh,  B.  I).,  and  C.  V.  Kiley.J     Caterpillar  oF  the  io  moth. 
<Amer.  Eut.,  September-October,  18G9,  v.  2,  p.  31. 
Answer  to  iuqnirv  of  ilrs.  Tildesley ;  characters  of  larva  and  imago  of  Sa- 
tiirnia  [=  Hyperchiria]  io;  food-plant  and  urticating  propertios  of  the  larva. 

810.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Apple-tree  worms.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  September-October,  18G9,  v.  2,  p.  32. 
•    Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  K.  Vickroy ;  habits  and  characters  of  larva  of  Acro- 
hasis  [=^  Pempelia'i  hammondi ;  habits  of  larva  of  Phycita  ttebulo  [^Acrobaain 
indiginella'}. 

811.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.   Riley.]     Stinging  larvje.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  32. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  C.  Falls;  meaning  of  the  vernacular  and  technical 
names  of  Empretia  stimidea;  urticating  properties  of  lepidopterous  larvse. 

812.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Lappet  caterpillar  on  apple- 

tree.     <Amer.  Eut.,  Sei)tember-October,  1809,  v.  2,  p.  32. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  Stark ;  characters  of  larva  of  Gastropacha  amerieana. 

813.  [W^ALSH,  B.  D.,  and  0.  V.  Riley.]     Spined  spider.    <Amer.  Ent, 

September-October,  18G9,  v.  2,  p.  32. 

Answer  to  inquiries  of  G.  W.  Kinney  and  T.  W.  Gordon ;  characters  and 
synonymy  of  Epeira  [=  Acrosoma]  spinea. 

814.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Dangerous  looking.     <Amer 

Eut.,  September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  32. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  M.  M.    Kenzie;  characters  and  sting  of  MutiUa  coc- 
cinea  [^  SplKerophthahua  occidental  is"]. 

815.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Bag-worms  again.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  32. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  C.  Tipton  ;  ravages  of  Thyridopferyr  ephemera- formiH; 
harmlessness  of  larva  of  Protoparce  celeus ;  habitat  of  larva  of  ilit8ca  do- 
mestica. 

816.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  v.* Riley.]    Large  water-beetle.    <Amer. 

Eut.,  September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  32. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  E.  Munford  ;  secondary  sexual  characters  in  elytra 
of  Cyhisterjimbriolatus.     See  No.  750. 

817.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Beetles  under  dead  fish. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  32. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  Ferrell ;  food-habits  and  characters  of  Silpha  peltata 
[^amerieana]. 

818.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.V.  Riley.]     Universal  remedies.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  November,  1869,  v.  2,  i)p.  33-35. 

Worthlessness  of  any  one  substance  as  a  means  against  insects. 

819.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Tent-caterpillars  and  fall- 

web-worms.     <Amer.  Ent.,  November,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  39. 
Critical  review  of  article  in  Western  Rural,  August  2(5,  18()!);  seasons,  habits, 
food-plants,  and  characters  of  CUsiocampa  amerieana  and  Uyphanlria  textor 


92  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

820.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  aufl  C.  V.  Eiley.]     The  boll- worm  or  corn-worm. 

2d  article.     {Heliothis  armigera,  Hiibner.)     <Amer.  Ent.,  No- 
vember, 18G9,  V.  2,  pp.  42-44,  fiff.  29. 
Seasons,  food-plants,  ravages  of,  and  means  against  Seliothis  armigera ;  figures 
of  larvse,  pupa,  cocoon,  and  imago  of  the  same;    food-plants  of  Gortyna 
nitela. 

821.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]     Galls  and  tbeir  architects. 

2d  article.  <Amer.  Ent.,  18G9-1870,  v.  2:  ISTovember,  pp.  45- 
50,  figs.  30-32 ;  December-January,  pp.  70-74,  figs.  45-47 ;  Feb- 
ruary, pp.  103-106,  figs.  08-71. 
See  No.  518;  definition  and  classification  of  galls;  descriptions  and  figures 
of  galls  and  larvae  of  Nematus  salicis-jyomuvi,  Euura  s.-ovnm,  and  E.  s.- 
gemma  [_=orMtalis'\  ;  habits,  seasons,  and  descriptions  of  the  same;  habits 
and  seasons  of  Anthonomus  sycoplianta,  Batrachedra  saVicipomoneHa,  and 
Nematus  mendicus  ;  differences  between  gall-makers  and  guest-flies;  occur- 
rence of  distinct  genera  of  gall-insects  on  plants  of  distinct  genera;  de- 
scriptions and  figures  of  galls  of  Cynips  [=  JnrfricHs]  qiiercus-seminator  and 
C.  q.-frondosa;  synoptic  table  of  North  American  gencm  of  Cynipida;  Pse- 
nides;  description  of  Antistrophus  n.  g.  and  of  A.  lygodesmia^-pisimi  n.  sp. 
and  its  gall;  description  and  figure  of  the  larva  and  iu>ago  of  Agrilus  rufi- 
collis  and  its  gall;  habits,  food-plants  of,  and  means  against,  the  same; 
figure  and  description  of  Baridius  \^^=  AmpeJoghjpter']  sesostris  and  its  gall; 
habits,  foo<l-plants  of,  and  means  against,  the  same;  characters  of  Madams 
ampeJopsidos  \_^=  Amptloglypter  ater'\  and  its  gall;  habits  of  Buprestidw. 

822.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley'.]     Toads  in  gardens.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  November,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  50. 
Value  of  toads  as  a  means  against  noxious  insects,  etc.,  in  gardens. 

823.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]     Notes  on  the  Tarantula-killer. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  November,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  52. 
Comments  on  note  of  C.  Peabody ;  occurrence  of  Mygale  hentzii  and  Pejjsis 
formosa  in  Missouri. 

824.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley^]    Swarms  of  lady-birds.   <Amer. 

Ent.,  November,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  o5. 
Occurrence  of  countless  millions  of  Cocc'mellidce  in  England  ;  their  origin  and 
movements. 

825.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Eiley.]    The  squash-bug  does  not  touch 

the  white  bush  scollop.     <Amer.  Ent.,  November,  1869,  v.  2, 
p.  55. 

Coreus  1  =  Anasa']  tristis  does  not  attack  the  white  bush  scollop  variety  of  the 
squash-vine  ;  means  against  the  same. 

826.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]     [Scientific  names.]     <Amer. 

Ent.,  November,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  57. 
Use  of  English  and  scientific  names  of  insects. 

827.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]     On  our  table.    <Amer.  Ent., 

November,  1869,  v.  2,  pp.  57-58. 
Notices  of:  Record  of  American  entomology  for  the  year  1868. — The  Canadian 
entomologist. — The  butterflies  of  North  America,  by  W.  H.  Edwards.— 
Guide  to  the  study  of  insects,  by  A.  S.  Packard,  jr.,  etc. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  93 

828.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  au»l  C.  Y.  Riley.  1     Locust  borer.    <Amer.  Ent., 

November,  1SC5),  v.  2,  p.  58. 
Answer  to  iii([uiry  of  J.  Bagbj- ;  Jrhopahix  [^Ci/llene]  robinitp  9  undistin- 
guisbable  from  .1.  [-=  C^j^idMs  $  . 

829.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Saddleback  larva.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  November,  1SG9,  v.  2,  p.  59,  tig.  30. 
Answer  to  iiuiuirv  of  0.  T.  Cost;  figure  of  the  larva  of  Emprelia  xtimulen 
found  on  Indian  corn. 

830.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Silk  spiders.     <Amer.  Ent., 

November,  1809,  v.  2,  p.  59. 
Answer  to  inquiries  of  G.  Howe  and  C.  W.  Spaulding;  characters  of  Epeira 

[=^  Argiopel  riparia  and  ye2)lnla  phimipcu. 

831.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]    Entomological  works.   <Amer. 

Ent.,  November,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  59. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  W.  Cowles ;  mention  of  works  containing  descrip- 
tions of  North  American  Coleoptera  and  Lepidoptera ;  food-plants  of  the 
larva  of  Eudrijaf  itiiio. 

832.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]     Insects  named.     <Amer.  Ent., 

November,  1809,  v.  2,  p.  59. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  H.  K.  Bryant ;  characters  of  the  cocoon  of  Jttacus 
ceeropia  and  the  imago  of  Alutilla  cocchua  [:=  S2)ha'rophthalma  occidentalia']. 

833.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]    A  new  bee  enemy.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  November,  1809,  v.  2,  p.  59. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  F.   Brewer ;  characters  of  an  undetermined  carabid 
larva  found  eating  Jpis  mdlifica. 

834.  [Walsh,   B.   D.,   and  C.  Y.   Riley.]     Tbousand-legged  worms. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  November,  1809,  v.  2,  p.  59. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  W.  ilerchant ;  characters  and  poisouousness  of  Sc4>- 
lopetidra  castaneicejjs ;  Julussj).  and  rolydesmus  sp.  injurious  to  strawberries. 

835.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and'C  Y.  Riley.]    Cabbage- worms.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  November,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  00,  figs.  37-38. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  C.  Holmes;  figures  larva,  pupa,  and  imago  of  Pieris 
protodice;  means  against  cabbage-worms. 

836.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley'.]     The  rape  buttertly.    Amer. 

Ent.,  November,  1809,  v.  2,  j).  00. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  E.  Chase;  occurrence  of  Pieris  raptr  in  Bangor.  Me. 

837.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]     Bad  packing.     <Amer.  Ent., 

November,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  60. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  C.  Beardslee  ;  characters  and  food-plants  of  Kmpre- 
tia  slimulea:  I'ood-plant  of  Darapsa  1=  Jmj)ehphaga]  inyron  ;  directions  for 
sending  larva-  by  mail. 

838.  [Walsh,  B.D.,  and  C.Y.Riley.]    Grauddaddy  long-legs.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  November,  1809,  v.  2,  p.  60. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  \V.  R.  Howard  ;  vernacular  names  and  habits  of  Pha- 
langid(F. 

839.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]     Borer  in  apple-twig.     < Amer. 

Ent.,  November,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  60. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  C.  Brackett :  habits  of  liovtrichun  1=  Amphioerual 
bicaudatus  and  Elaphidion  parallel um  [=ri7Zo«HmJ. 


94  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

840.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Etley.]    Grape-vine  leaf-galls.    <Amer. 

Ent,  i^overaber,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  61. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  T.  Heildrup  ;  habits  and  means  against  Phylloxera 
rastafrix;  varieties  of  grape  infested  by  the  same. 

841.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Kiley.]     Maple- worms.     <Amer.  Ent., 

November,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  61. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.   K.  Vickroy  ;  characters  and  ravages  of  iJryocampa 
ruhicunda  and  Ac.ronycta  amencana;  food-plants  of  Telea  pohjphemus  and 
Attacus  cecropia. 

842.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Melancholy  chafer  in  apples. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  November,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  61,  tig.  39. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  F.  Fulton;  figure  of  Eiiryomia  \^^^Etiphoria'\  vielan- 
cholica  found  boring  in  apples. 

843.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  y.  Riley.]     Worms  boring  in  cucumbers. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  November,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  61. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  B.  Ramsou  ;  food-habits  of  Phacellura  [=  Eudio2}lis~\ 
nitidalis. 

844.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley^]     Lilac-borer.     <Amer.  Ent., 

November,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  61. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  J.  Freeman  ;  characters,  affinities,  and  means  against 
^geria  1=^  Podosusial  syringa'. 

845.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]     Burying  beetles.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  November,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  61. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  H.  Osborn  ;  habits  of  Xecrophorus  marginaius  and  of 
Silphidw  generally;  characters  of  Hylohim  stupidus  [^^ Pachylohius  pici- 
DOj'Hs]  found  on  plum-trees. 

846.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.   Riley^]     Wire- worms  in  potatoes. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  November,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  62. 
Answer  to   inquiry   of  W.  R.  Shelmire ;  characters   of  larva   {Melatiotus  in- 
certusf)   boring  in    potatoes;    food-habits   and   means   against  larvae   of 
Elateridw. 

847.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Insects  named.     <Amer.  Ent., 

November,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  6>. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  F.  Waters ;  unknown  tortricid  and  Limacodes  sp., 
found  on  apple-tree;  characters  of  Chariesterus  antennator. 

848.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Girdled  pear  twigs.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  November,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  62. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  A.  Thorp  ;  pear  twigs  girdled  by  Oncideres  cingulata. 

849.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Insects  named.    <Amer.  Ent., 

November,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  62. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  T.  Dale  ;  food-habits  of  Rippodamia  glacialis,  Strachia 
l^=  Murgantia^  histrionica  and  Blepliarida  rhois;  figure  of  Hippodamia  gla- 
cialis. 

850.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.-V.  Riley.]  Tomato-feeding  wcfrm.  <Amer. 

Ent.,  November,  1869,  v.  2,  p.  62,  fig.  41. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  C.  Davis ;  description,  seasons,  and  food-plants  of 
larva  of  Prodenia  commeUnw ;  figure  of  dorsal  surface  of  a  segment  of  the 


BIBLIOGUAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  95 

851.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Cocoons  of  Icliueumou  flies. 

<Amer.  Eut.,  November,  1809,  v.  2,  p.  ()2. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  Mitcliell ;  cocoous  of  Microyastcr  .sp.  lotiiul  on  larva 
of  I'rotoparce  ceieiis. 

852.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  aud  C.  V.  Riley.]    Gall  on  si)otted  touch-me-not. 

<Amer.  Eut.,  November,  18G9,  v.  2,  p.  03,  li^^  42. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  N.  Prentiss ;  description  aud  figures  of  tlie  gall  of 
Cecidomyia  impatientis  found  on  Impatiens  J'uha. 

853.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Unknown  larvie.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  November,  1809,  v.  2,  p.  03. 
Answertoinquiryof  J.M.  Harold;  charactersof  unknown  larva  allied  to  Xa^/oa. 

854.  [Walsh,  B.   D.,  and  C.  Y.  Riley.]    Bloodsucking  cone-nose. 

<Amer.  Eut,  November,  1809,  v.  2,  p.  03. 
Answer  to  inquirj  of  D.  B.  Watson  ;  occurrence  of  Conorhinun  sanguisugus  at 
Saint  Louis,  Mo. 

855.  [Walsh,  B.D.,  and  C.V.  Riley.]    Eggs  on  a  grape-cane.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  November,  1809,  v.  2,  p.  03. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Cochrane;  difiSculty  of  identifying  eggs  of  insects. 

856.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  RILEY^]     Gregarious  willow-worms. 

<Amer.  Eut.,  November,  1809,  v.  2,  p.  03. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  C.  Brackett;  characters,  habits,  and  food-plants  of 
the  larva  of  Clostera  americana  l^Ichthyura  inclusa']. 

857.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Caterpillars  named.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  November,  1809,  v.  2,  p.  63. 
Answer  to  iuiiiiiries  of  G.  W.  Copley  and  W.  D.  Butler;  food-habits  of  larvae 
of  Eudamus  litijrus  and  PapUio  troUus. 

858.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Insects  named.    <Amer.  Ent, 

November,  1809,  v.  2,  i).  03. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  L.  G.   Saffer;   vernacular   name   of  Mutilla  cocdnca 
[=  Spharophthalma occidentalis'} ;  characters oiSfi~us  [=  Sjthecius'l  apeciosua. 

859.. [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Range  of  the  rear-horse. 
<Amer.  Ent.,  November,  1809,  v.  2,  p.  03. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  V.  T.  Chambers;  northern  range  of  Mantis  1:=^  Phasmo- 
viantis']  Carolina. 

860.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Eiley.]    Royal   horned-caterpillar. 
<Amer.  Ent.,  November,  1809,  v.  2,  p.  04. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  D.  L.  Phares;   Cithironia  regalia  more  abundant  in  the 
South  than  in  the  North. 

801.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley',]     Hair-worm  or  hair-snake. 

<Amer.  Ent,  November,  1809,  v.  2,  p.  04. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.   H.  King;  Gordiun  sp.  parasitic  in  (he  pupa  of  Or- 
chelimum  sp. 

802.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]    Dahlia-stalk  borer.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  November,  1809,  v.  2,  p.  04. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  C.  Broadhead  ;  larva  of  Gorti/na  nitcla  boring  in  stalk 
of  dahlia. 

803.  [Walsh,  B.  D.,  and  C.  V.  Riley.]     Parsnij)  worm.     <Amer.  Ent, 

November,  1809,  v.  2,  p.  04. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Adams ;  larva  of  Vapilio  aateriaa  feeds  on  parsnip. 


U.  S.  DEPARTMENT  OF  AGRICULTURE. 

DIVISION    OF    ENTOMOLOGY. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY 


OF 


THE  MORE  IMPORTANT  COXTRIBUTIOXS 


TO 


AMERICAN  ECONOMIC  ENTOMOLOGY. 


PREPARED,  BY  AUTHORITY  OF  THE  SECRETARY  OF  AGRICULTURE. 

BY 

SAMUEL    HENSHAW. 


PART   III. 

THE   MORE    IMPORTANT   WRITINGS 

OF 

CHARLES  VALENTINE  RILEY. 


WASHINGTON: 

GOVERNMENT   PRINTING   OFFICE. 

1889. 
7  ENT  97 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  THE  MORE  IMPORTANT  CONTRIBUTIOXS  TO 
AMERICAN  ECONOMIC  ENTOMOLOGY. 


PART     III. 


864.  R[ILEY],  C.  [^'.J     The  liouse-tiy.     <Prairie  Farmer,  3  May,  18G3, 

[v.  27],  H.  s.,  V.  11,  pp.  27(3-.!77.     S.-b.  No.  1,  p.  9. 
Stomoxifs   calcitrauK   distingnished   from    Miisca   domestira ;    habits  of  each  : 
trauslormations   of  the   latter;    liabit   of  larvu'  of  collecting  underueath 
boards. 

865.  E[iLEY],  C.  [V.]     The  May-beetle.     <Prairie  Farmer,  6  Juue,  1863, 

[v.  27],  n.  s.,  V.  11,  p.  356.     S.-b.  Xo.  1,  p.  7. 

Ravages  of  Phyllopliaga  qucrcina  [=  Lachnosterna  /usca] ;  descriptiou  and 
habits  of  larvte  and  images;  remedies. 

8(;<i.  R[iley],  0.  V.  Larvae  of  the  ten-striped  spearman.  <Prairie 
Farmer,  8  August,  1863,  [v.  28],  n.  s.,  v.  12,  pp.  85-86,  fig.  S.-b. 
No.  1,  p.  11. 

Description  of  eggs;  figure  and  first  description  of  larva  of  Doryphora  Id- 
lineata;  habits  of  larva  ;  seasons;  remedies;  enemies  o£  larva. 

867.  R[iley],  C.  v.     The  squash-bug.     <Prairie  Farmer,  8  August, 

1863,  [v.  28],  n.  s.,  v.  12,  p.  86.     S.-b.  No.  1,  p.  11. 
Description  of  imagos  and  larvas  of  Coreus  [=  Ana>ia'\  triHtiit;  habits,  seasons, 
remedies. 

868.  Riley,  C.  V.     The  cut  worm.     <Prairie  Farmer,  12  March,  1864, 

[v.  29],  u.  s.,  V.  13,  p.  169. 
Answer  to  communication  of  G.  R.  Huffman  ;  habits  and  transformations  of 
Agrotidida' ;  means  against  them. 

869.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Entomological.     <Prairie  Farmer,  21  May,  1864, 

fv.  29],  n.  s.,  V.  13,  p.  361. 

Answer  to  communication  of  J.  S.  Lawver ;  ravages  of  unknown  caterpil- 
lars, probably  cut-worms,  and  of  Ithijcertis  novehoracemia  on  young  apple- 
trees  :  means  against  these  insects. 

870.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     Apple-borers.     <Prairie  Farmer,  14  January,  1865, 

[v.  31],  n.  s.,  V.  15,  p.  21,  5  figs.     S.-b.  No.  1,  p.  30. 

Description  and  figure  of  larva  and  imago  of  niiprrstii  [=  ChryHohothrix^femo- 
raUt;  injury  done  by  the  larva;  remedies.  Figure  of  imago  of  Saprrda 
bifUtafa  1=^  candidal. 


100  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOxMOLOGY. 

871.  [Riley,  C.  V.  |    Peach-tree  borers.     <Prairie  Farmer,  25  Febru- 

ary, 18G5,  [v.  31],  n.  s.,  v.  15,  pp.  122-123,  6  figs.  -  S.-b.  ^o.  1, 
pp.  30-31. 

Descriptions  and  fi<i;ures  of  larva,  pupa,  cocoon,  and  $  and  9  imagos  oi  Mge- 
ria  [=<SaKwiMa]  exitiosa ;  description  of  egg ;  seasons  and  habits  of  larva  and 
imago  ;  remedies.     Figure  of  imago  of  Dicerca  divaricaia. 

872.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Entomology.     <Prairie  Farmer,  22  April,  1865, 

[v.  31],  n.  s.,  V.  15,  p.  306.     S.-b.  No.  1,  pp.  32-33. 
Coming  forth  of  insects  in  spring ;  desirahility  of  observing  noxious  insects 
and  of  recording  observations;  abundance  of  eggs  of  Orgi/ia  this  season; 
methods  of  destroying  them. 

873.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Flea-beetles  and  Curculio.     <Prairie  Farmer,  27 

May,  1865,  [v.  31],  n.  s.,  v.  15,  p.  418,  fig.     S.-b.  No.  1,  p.  33. 
Prevalence  of  and  means  against  Halticida' ;  habits  of  and  means  against 
Conotraclielns  nenuphar;  figure  of  pupa. 

874.  [Riley,  C.Y.]     Apple-tree  caterpillars.     <PrairieFarmer,  3  June, 

1865,  [v.  3]],  u.  s.,  V.  15,  pp.  437-438.     S.-b.  No.  1,  p.  34. 

Answer  to  communication  from  J.  C.  Brown  ;  descriptions  of  larva,  pupa,  and 
imago,  of  Clta'tochiltis  ponieteUus;  habits  of  the  same;  other  caterpillars 
injurious  to  the  leaves  of  apple  trees  and  means  against  them. 

875.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     Curculio  catcher.     <Prairie  Farmer,  10  June, 

1865  [v.  31],  n.  s.,  \.  15,  i).  457,  fig. 
Figure  of  E.  S.  Hull's  Curculio  catcher,  with  explanatory  text. 

876.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     The  army- worm.     <Prairie  Farmer,  8  July,  1865, 

[v.  32],  u.  s.,  V.  16,  pp.  3-4,  3  figs.     S.-b.  No.  1,  pp.  36-37. 
Answer  to  communication  from  W.  R. ;  descriptions  and  figures  of  larva, 
pupa,  and  imago  of  Leucania  unipuncta;  number  of  broods  unknown;  rem- 
edies. 

877.  [Riley,  C.  Y.j    The  currant- worm.    <Prairie  Farmer,  15  July,  1865, 

[v.  32],  u.  s.,  V.  16,  p.  27,  4  figs.     S.-b.  No.  1,  p.  36. 
Description  of  eggs;  descriptions  and  figures  of  larva,  pupa,  and  imago  of 
Eiifitchia  ribearia;  habits,  seasons,  remedies. 

878.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]  'Swallows.    <Prairie  Farmer,  15  July,  1865,  [v.  32], 

B.  s.,  V.  16,  p.  27.     S.-b.  No.  1,  p.  36. 
Usefulness  of  swallows  in  the  destruction  of  noxious  insects. 

879.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     Another  insect  friend.     <Prairie  Farmer,  22  July, 

1865,  [v.  32],  n.  s.,  v.  16,  p.  50.     S.-b.  No.  1,  p.  35. 

Rogas  n.  sp.  parasitic  on  \ixi:\-&oi Sesia pelasgus  ''!  [=;  Hemaris  ihyshc']  ;  economic 
benefits  of  parasitism. 

880.  [Riley,  C.  Y,]     Singular  caterpillar.     <Prairie  Farmer,  22  July, 

1865,  [v.  32],  n.  s.,  v.  16,  p.  50.     S.-b.  No.  1,  p.  35. 
Descriptions  of  larva,  pupa,  and  imago  of  iVo/orfonirt  \^=^  Ccelodasys'\  unicornis; 
habits ;  food-plants. 

881.  [Riley,   C.   Y.]     Collecting    and   preserving    insects.     <Prairie 

Farmer,  5  August,  1865,  [v.  32],  u.  s.,  v.  16,  pp.  101-102,  fig. 

Interest  and  importance  of  entomology ;  directions  for  the  construction  of 
nets  and  cabinets,  and  for  the  capture,  killing,  preparation,  and  preserva- 
tion of  insects. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  101 

882.  ElLEY,   C.   V.     The   grass-biii;    and    its    liahits :  (Jiirraiit  worms. 

<Ciiltivator  and  Country  CuMitleman,  10  Aii;;nst,  180.j,  v.  2(i, 
p.  98.     Reprint:   <Boston  Cultivator,  19  August,  18G5,  v.  37, 
p.  259.     S.-b.  No.  1,  p.  60. 
Habits  of  Cercopididw;  nature  of  the  imago  of  currant-worms. 

883.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Apple  plant-louse.     <Prairie  Farmer,  19  August, 

1865,  [v.  32],  n.  s.,  v.  16,  p.  127.     S.-b.  No.  1,  p.  40. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Doron  ;  habits  and  fecundity  of  Aphin  mall ;  meau8 
against  it. 

881.  R[iley],  C.  [V.]     Seventeen-year  locust.     < Prairie  Farmer,  19  Au- 
gust, 1865,  [v.  32.J,  n.  s.,  v.  16,  p.  127.     S.-b.  No.  1,  pp.  40-41. 

Agrees  with  S.  P.  G.  in  doubting  that   Cicada  l^  Tibicen']  neptcndeciin  Uvea 
seventeen  years  immature,  and  gives  reasons  for  his  d.oubt. 

885.  [Riley,  0.  Y.]    Tobacco-worra.     <Prairie  Farmer,  2  September, 

1865,  [v.  32],  n.  s.,  v.  16,  p.  165.     S.-b.  No.  1,  p.  41. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  B.  Knowlton ;  habits  of  MacronUa  quinquemactilata 
[=  Protoparce  celeits], 

886.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    The  chinch-bug.     <Prairie  Farmer,  9  September, 

1865,  [v.  32],  n.  s.,  v.  16,  p.  190.     S.-b.  No.  1,  pp.  50-51. 
Criticism  of  communication  by  D.  H.  Sherman ;  Blissus  leucopierus  does  not 
always  deposit  its  eggs  on  grain  of  wheat,  if  it  ever  does  so ;  proposed  rem- 
edy therefore  inefficient. 

887.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  sheep  gad-fly.     <Prairie  Farmer,  14  October, 

1865,  [v.  32],  n.  s.,  v.  16,  pp.  288-289,  figs.  1-6.     S.-b.  No.  1,  pp. 
48-49. 
Answer  to  inquiries  of  a  subscriber;  figures  and  descriptions  of  larva,  pupa- 
case,  and  imago   of  CiphaJvmyia  [^^(Estrm^   oris;    habits  of  and  means 
against  it;  imago  viviparous. 

888.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Chinch-bug  not  in  seed  grain.     <Prairie  Farmer, 

21  October,  1865,  [v.  32],  n.  s.,  v.  16,  p.  308.     S.-b.  No.  1,  p.  4. 
Supposed  evidence  that  the  eggs  of  Blissus  Iciicopieriis  are  not  dejtosited  and 
do  not  winter  in  seed  wheat. 

889.  [Riley%  C.  v.]     Lice  on  calves.     <Prairie  Farmer,  13  January, 

1865,  [v.  33],  n.  s.,  v.  17,  p.  24. 
Directions,  on  the  authority  of  Robert  Jennings,  for  freeing  calves  of  lice. 

890.  [RiLEi',  C.  v.]     The  chinch-bug  once  more.     A  reply  to  D.  H. 

Sherman.  '<Waukegan  [111.]  Gazette,  20  January,  1866,  v.  16, 
No.  18,  p.  4. 
Critical  review  of  article  of  D.  H.  Sherman. 

891.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  chinch-bug.     <Prairie  Farmer,  3  March,  1866, 

[v.  33],  n.  s.,  V.  17,  p.  133.     S.-b.  No.  1,  p.  71. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  \V.  R.  Everett ;  means  against  BUssiix  leucopterns;  hab- 
its, hibernation,  and  oviposition. 

892.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Wire-worms.     <Prairie  Farmer,  3  March,  1866, 

[v.  33],  n.  s.,  V.  17,  p.  133,  figs.  4-5.     S.-b.  No.  1,  p.  71. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of Creswoll ;  means  against  larva;  of  Elaterida. 


102  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

893.  R[iLEY],  C.  V.     Eutoinoiogical.     <Prairie  Farmer,  24  March,  1866, 

[v.  33J,  u.  s.,  V.  17,  p.  192,  figs.  5-6.     S.-b.  Xo.  1,  p.  68. 
Answers  to  inquiries  of  E.  T.  Nelson,  J.  Dorou,  and  H.  W.  Shore;  habits  and 
figures  of  Amphicerus  bicaudatus  ;  remedies.     Apple-twigs  pierced  by  one  of 
the  Uroceridce. 

894.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  chinch-bug.     <Pract.  Ent.,  26  March,  1866,  v. 

1,  pp.  47-48. 

Criticism  of  D.  H.  Sherman's  commuuicatiou  on  this  insect ;  Blissus  leucop- 
terus  does  not  oviposit  in  the  fuzzy  end  of  wheat-grain ;  brief  life-history. 

895.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  chinch-bug  once  more.     <Waukegan  fill.]  Ga- 

zette, 31  March,  1866,  v.  16,  No.  28,  p.  4.     S.-b.  No.  1,  p.  70. 
Reply  to  D.  H.  Sherman's  second  communication ;  Blissus  leucopterus  does 
not  deposit  its  eggs  in  the  grain  of  wheat ;  means  against  it. 

896.  [Hiley,  C.V.]     Bark-lice  remedy.    <Prairie  Farmer,  7  April,  1866, 

[v.  33J,  n.  s.,  V.  17,  p.  229.     S.-b.  Ifo.  1,  p.  79. 

Answers  to  inquiries  of  a  subscriber  and  of  S.  J.  B.  ;  means  against  Mytilas- 
pis  pomicorticis  [=j;omo)*(/?»]. 

897.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     "  Bug"  on  melon,  etc.     <Prairie  Farmer,  7  April, 

1866,  [v.  33],  n.  s.,  v.  17,  p.  229.     S.-b.  No.  1,  p.  79. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  M.  E.  W. ;  means  against  JJiabrotica  vitiata. 

898.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Warbles.     <Prairie  Farmer,  21  April,  1866,  [v. 

33],  n.  s.,  V.  17,  p.  276. 
The  occurrence  of  lumps  on  the  back  of  cattle  caused  by  larvae  of  Hypoderma 
bovis  is  not  unusual  or  alarming. 

899.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  ailanthus  silk-worm.    <Prairie  Farmer,  28 

.  April,  1866,  [v.  33],  u.  s.,  v.  17,  p.  289,  fig.  S.-b.  No.  1,  p.  93. 
Partial  reprint:  <New  York  Tribune,  29  May,  1866,  v.  26,  No. 
7844,  p.  7.  S.-b.  No.  1,  p.  92. 
Describes  attempts  to  introduce  Bombyx  arrindia  and  Samia  l^=  Attacus"] 
cynthia  into  Europe  for  commercial  purposes.  Describes  and  figures  egg, 
larva,  and  imago,  and  figures  pupa  of  Samia  [=^  Attacus'\  cyiithin:  habits, 
seasons,  and  hardiness,  and  disadvantages  for  purposes  of  silic  culture  of 
this  species;  superiority  of  native  species. 

900.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Lice  on  pigs.    < Prairie  Farmer,  28  April,  1866, 

[v.  33],  n.  s.,  V.  17,  p.  292. 
Means  against. 

901.  Riley,  C.  Y.    Novel  facts  about  cut-worms.     <Prairie  Farmer, 

2  June,  1866,  [v.  33],  n.  s.,  v.  17,  pp.  371, 372,  figs.  3-8.     S.-b.  No. 
1,  p.  89. 

Climbing  habits  of  the  larvje  of  Agrotididw  ;  figures  and  descriptions  of  the 
larvae  of  Agrotis  cochranii  [=  A.  messoria^,  A.  clandestina,  and  ?  Hadena  sub- 
juncta  ;  enemies  of  cut- worms. 

902.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    The  canker-worm.     <Prairie  Farmer,  16  June, 

1866,  [v.  33],  n.  s.,  v.  17,  p.  412.     S.-b.  No.  1,  p.  96. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  a  subscriber  ;  means  against  Anisopteryx. 

903.  R[ILEY],  0.  v.    Large  fish-fly.     <Prairie  Farmer,  16  June,  1866, 

[v.  33],  n.  s.,  V.  17,  p.  412.     S.-b.  No.  1,  p.  96. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  B.  Knowltou;  habits  and  distribution  of  Ferla  dor- 
aata. 


BIBLIOGUAPMV    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  103 

904.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  bee-moth.     <CuUivator  and  Country  Geutle- 

luaii,  21  June,  18GG,  v.  27,  p.  399.     S.-b.  No.  1,  p.  97. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  S.  Fowler;  habits  of  Gallcria  ccnana. 

905.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  potato-bug.     <Prairie  Fanner,  2.i  June,  186C, 

[v.  33],  n.  s.,  V.  17,  p.  432.     S.-b.  No.  1,  p.  97. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.   D.   Ellington ;  eastwunl  sprcadiuoj  of  and  means 
against  Dortiphora  decemUncata. 

90(5.  [Kiley,  C.  v.]     Army-worm.     <Prairie  Farmer,  23  June,  1800,  [v. 
33],  n.  s.,  V.  17,  p.  432.     S.-b.  No.  1,  p.  97. 

Occurrence  of  Leiicania  Hnipnncta  in  various  parts  of  Illinois. 

907.  Rilp:y,  C.  V.     White  willow  insects.     <Prairie  Farmer,  30  June, 

18GG,  [v.  33],  n.  s.,  v.  17,  p.  452.     S.-b.  No.  1,  p.  101. 
Answer  to  in<i[niry  of  L.  G.  H. ;  descriptions  of  larva,  pupa,  and  imago  of 
Vani'sxa  antinpa;   description  of  YikV\&  oi  Nemaius  venfraVia;   habits  of  and 
means  against  these. 

908.  Riley,  C.  V.     Still  they  come.     <  Prairie  Farmer,  30  June,  18G6, 

[v.  33],  n.  s.,  V.  17,  p.  452.     S.-b.  No.  1,  p.  101. 

Answer  to  int^uiry  of  S.  D. ;  means  against  Doryphora  decemlineata. 

909.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  worm  question.     <  Ohio  Farmer,  7  July,  1860, 

V.  15,  p.  209.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  17. 
Comments  on  a  controversy  between  J.  K.  and  J.  Brocket  concerning  Pyrrh- 
arcfia  Isabella;  molting,  pupation,  and  cocoon-making  of  this  and  other 
caterpillars. 

910.  Riley,  C.  V.     Army-worm  and  canker-worm  wisdom.     <  Prairie 

Farmer,  21  July,  18GG,  [v.  34],  n.  s.,  v.  18,  p.  3%.     S.-b.  No.  1, 
p.  101 ;  No.  2,  p.  40. 
Comments  on  entomological  ignorance  amongst  members  of  the  Fruit  Grow- 
er's Society  of  Western  New  York  ;  efficacy  of  ipeans  against  Anisopteryx. 

911.  R[iLEYj,  C.  V.     [Attacus  cecropia.]      < Prairie  Farmer,  21  July, 

186G,  [v.  34],  n.  s.,  v.  18,  p.  40.     S.-b.  No.  1,  p.  104 ;  No.  2,  p.  40. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  F.  T. ;  habits  of  J »ac«s  cecropia;  its  nsefuluess  for  silk. 

912.  R[iley],  C.  V.     [Cantharis  cinerea.]     <  Prairie  Farmer,  21  July, 

18GG,  [v.  34],  n.  s.,  v.  18,  p.  40.     S.-b.  No.  1,  p.  104 ;  No.  2,  p.  40. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  D.  Iloord  ;  criticizes  the  figure  of  Lytta  Jahrivii 
l:=Macrohasi8  wnicoior]  in  Harris'  Insects;  usefulness  of  the  Meloidw  as 
vesicants;  habits  of  and  means  against  M.  iinicolor. 

913.  Riley,  C.  V.     [Edema  albifrons.\     <Prairie  Farmer,  1    August 

18GG,  [v.  34],  u.  s.,  V.  18,  p.  73.     S.-b.  No.  1,  p.  110. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  II.  Kennedy;    probability  of  unknown   notodoutoid 
proving  Edema  aUnfrons. 

914.  Riley,  C.  V.    Practical  entomology  in  reality.     <Maine  Farmer, 

2  August,  186G.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  21. 
Critical  review  of  Brackett's  Practical  Entomology  No.  9 ;  some  cut-worms 
do  climb  trees:  CEstrus  oris  is  viviparous. 

915.  Riley,  C.  V.     [Clytus  speciosiis.]     <  Prairie  Farmer,  4  August, 

18G6,  [v.  34],  n.  s.,  v.  18,  p.  73.     S.-b.  No.  1,  p.  110. 

Answer  to  in(iuiry  of  C.  L.  Edwards;  habits  of  and  means  against  f'lytus 
1=  Phujionotits]  aptcioHua  injuring  maple-trees:  description  of  larva  of 
Anisota  1=  Dryucampa'\  riihicitnda  which  feeds  upon  maple  leaves. 


104  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

916.  Riley,  C.  V.     Grape-leaf  louse.     <  Prairie  Farmer,  4  August, 

1866,  [v.  34],  n.  s.,  v.  18,  p.  73.     S.-b.  No.  1,  p.  110. 

Answer  to  inquiries  of  ''Subscriber";  description,  babits  and  development 
of  Pemphigua  vitifoUw  [=  Phylloxera  vuf^tatrixj. 

917.  KiLEY,  C.  V.     White  willow  worm.     <  Prairie  Farmer,  4  August, 

1866,  [v.  34],  11.  s.,  V.  18,  p.  73.     S.-b.  No.  1,  p.  110. 
Descriptions  of  larva  and  imago  of  Nematus  ventralis ;  food-plants ;  ravages 
and  number  of  broods. 

918.  Riley,  0.  V.    Insects  in  timber.        <  Prairie  Farmer,  4  August, 

1866,  [v.  34],  n.  s.,  v.  18,  p.  73.     S.-b.  No.  1,  p.  110. 

Unknown  species  of  Tortricidcf  injurious  to  forests  in  Brown  and  Schuyler 
Counties,  Illinois,  in  1865. 

919.  Riley,  C.V.  DerneueKartoii'elKafer.  <Deutsche  Prairie  Farmer, 

August,  1866,  2  figs.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  14. 
Descriptions  and  figures  of  larva  and  imago  of  Doryphora  decemVineata;    its 
eastern  migrations;  habits;  nieaus  against  it. 

920.  Riley,  C.V.    Cicadas  and  walking-sticks.     <Prairie  Farmer,  1 

September,  1866,  [v.  34],  u.  s.,  v.  18,  p.  136.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  41. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.   D.  Swain;  condensed  aoconnt  of  Cicada  canicularis 
1  =  tibicen'\  ;  comparison  with   C.  \_=  Tiblcen~\  aeptendecim ;  mentions  Spec- 
trum [=  Diaplieromera']  femoratum. 

921.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Locust-borer.    <Prairie  Farmer,  1  September, 

1866,  [v.  34],  n.  s.,  v.  18,  p.  140. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  O.  H.  S. ;  nearly  all  of  the  locust  groves  in  the  West 
have  been  destroyed  by  Clytiis  [==  Cyllene']  robinke;  no  remedy  known. 

922.  Riley,  C.  V.    Apple-tree  caterpillars.     <Prairie  Farmer,  8  Sep- 

tember, 1866,  [v.  34],  n.  s.,  v.  18,  p.  152.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  41. 
Answer  to  inquiries  of  S.  Caveruo  aud  H.  M.  Lymau ;  habits,  descriptions  of 
larv£e,and  imagos  of  Datana  ministra  and  Notodonta  [=  ffif^ejwasia]  con- 
cinna;  means  against  them;  description  of  pupa  of  Dalana  rninistra. 

923.  Riley,  C.  V.     Joint- worm.     <Prairie  Farmer,  8  September,  1866, 

[v.  34],  n.  s.,  V.  18,  p.  152.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  41. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  W.  Conklin  ;  habits  of  and  means  against  laosoma 
hordei. 

924.  Riley,  C.  V.     [ISfefnatus  ventralis. \     <Prairie  Farmer,  8  Septem- 

ber, 1866,  [v.  34],  n.  s.,  v.  18,  p.  152. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  E.  W. ;  ravages  of  Xematus  ventralis  in  Kalmar,  Minn. 

925.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Ten-lined  potato-beetle.     <Prairie  Farmer,  8  Sep- 

tember, 1866,  [v.  34],  u.  s.,  V.  18,  p.  152.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  42. 
Larva  of  Lema  trilineata  on  potato  plants  in  Maine  mistaken  for  that  of  Do- 
ryphora decemlineata. 

926.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Locusts.     <Prairie  Farmer,  3  November,  1866,  [v. 

34],  n.  s.,  V.  18,  p.  290. 

Occurrence  and  ravages  of  Calopteriua  spretus  in  portions  of  Kansas  and  west- 
ern United  States  in  1866. 

927.  Riley,  C.  V.    Caterpillars  on  the  pine.     <Prairie  Farmer,  10  No- 

vember, 1866,  [v.  34],  n.  s.,  v.  18,  p.  30 L     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  42. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  N.  R.  Strong  and  A.  L.  Joues;  detailed  description  of 
larva  of  Lophyrus  abbotii;  habits  of  larva;  means  against  the  insect. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  105 

928.  Riley,  C.  V.    Elm-  and  pear-tree  borer.    <Prairie  Farmer,  10  No- 

vember, 18CG,  [V.  34],  n.  s.,  v.  18,  p.  301.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  42. 
Answer  to  inquiry  ol'  James  Matteson  ;   description  and  habits  of  Treviex 
columba. 

929.  Riley,  C.  V.     Grasshoppers  and  locusts.     <Prairie  Farmer,  24 

November,  1866,  [v.  34],  u.  s.,  v.  18,  p.  333.     S.-b.  No.  2,  pp.  43- 
44. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  N. ;  distinguishes  grasshoppers  from  locusts;  char- 
acterizes Achetadw  {=  GnjUida;'\,  GrylUd<e  \_=^  Locu8tid(B'\,  and  LocustidtB 
{_=^  Acridida; \  ;  ovipositiou,  transformations,  ravages,  and  migrations  of 
Aci-ididw ',  recognition  of  Caloptenun  apretus. 

930.  Riley,  C  V.     Black-knot  once   more.     <Gardeners'  Mo.   and 

Hortic,  November,  1866,  v.  8,  pp.  331-332.     S.-b.  No.  2,  j).  31. 
Fungoid  origin  of  black-knot  [iS/;/ifpria«ior&osa]  ;  larv*  of  Conotrachelus  nenu- 
phar present  in  the  swellings. 

931.  I\[ileyJ,  C.  V.     Brimstone  for  borers.     <Prairie  Farmer,  8  De- 

cember, 1866,  [v.  34],  n.  s.,  v.  18,  p.  365.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  44. 
Criticism  of  a  communication  bj'  \V. ;  sulphur  inserted  in  trunks  of  trees  in- 
eftectual  as  a  means  against  insects. 

932.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  wire-worm.     <Cultivator  and  Country  Gentle- 

man, 27  December,  1866,  v.  28,  p.  414.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  34. 
Critical  review  of  J.  D.  Gros'  "The  wire-worm;"  myriapods  and  the  larvae 
of  Elateridce  are  called  wire-worms ;  separable  by  the  number  of  their  legs ; 
means  against  them. 

933.  [RiLEY',  C.  Y.]     Tilden  tomato  and  the  tobacco- worm.     < Prairie 

Farmer,  5  January,  1867,  [v.  35],  n.  s.,  v.  19,  p.  5. 
Remarks  on  comiiiunieation  of  T.  B. ;  tomato  plants  eaten  by  tobacco-worms 
[Protoparce  Carolina]  in  preference  to  tobacco  plants;  possibly  the  worms 
observed  were  tomato-worms  [P.  celeits']. 

934.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     Remarks  on  Saperda,  Chrysobothris,  Carpocapsa, 

and  Conotrachelm.     < Prairie  Farmer,  12  January,  1867,  fv.  35], 
n.  s.,  V.  19,  p.  23. 
Report  of  remarks  made  at  the  annual  meeting  of  Southern  Illinois  Fruit 
Growers'  Association. 

935.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]    Bark-lice.     <Prairie  Farmer,  12  January,  1867, 

[v.  35],  n.  s.,  V.  19,  p.  24. 
Washing  apple-trees  with  lye  effective  against  bark-lice. 

936.  RiLEY',  C.  Y.     Insects  in  the  flower  garden.     A  troublous  time. 

< Prairie  Farmer,  19  January,  1867,  [v.  35],  n.  s.,  v.  19,  p.  37. 
S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  45. 
Answer  to  communication  by  Kate  Sherman;  describes  larva  of  \_HeUothin 
phlogophagus']  injuring  Phlox. 

937.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     Salt  and  vinegar  for  insects.     <Prairie  Farmer, 

19  January,  1867,  [v.  35],  n.  s.,  v.  10,  p.  37.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  45. 

Review  of  T.  Glover's  Report  of  the  U.  S.  Entomologist  for  1865,  T.  Glover's 
Entomological  exhibition  in  Paris,  and  W.  C.  Lodge's  Fruits  and  fruit 
trees  of  the  Middle  States;  use  of  salt  and  vinegar  as  means  against  in- 
sects ;  criticism  of  errors.     See  Nos.  222,  939,  942. 


106  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

938.  Riley,  C.  V.    Hickory  bark  borer,  Scolytus  cart/w,  n.  sp.     <Prai- 

rie  Farmer,  2  February,  1867,  [v.  35],  u.  s.,  v.  19,  pp.  68,  69,  6 
figs.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  50. 
Descriptions  and  figures  of  larva  and  imago  of  Scolytus  caryce  n.  sp.  l=4-sphio- 
SMs]  and  of  its  boriugs  in  bark  aud  wood  of  Carija;  habits  and  ravages; 
figure  of  the  pupa  of  IS.  destructor  of  Europe. 

939.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Correction.     <Prairie  Farmer,  2  February,  1867, 

[v.  35],  n.  s.,  V.  19,  p.  69.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  50. 
Correction  of  statement  made  in  No.  937 ;  T.  Glover  not  responsible  for  calling 
Saperda  hiviitata  l^=  Candida']  a  butterfly.     See  Nos.  222,  937,  942. 

940.  EiLEY,  C.  V.     Dahlia  aud  aster  stalk-borer,  Gortyna  niiela  Gue- 

nee.     <Prairie  Farmer,  23  February,  1867,  [v,  35],  n.  s.,  v.  19, 
p.  116,  2  figs.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  58. 
Description  of  larva,  pupa,  aud  imago  of  Gortyna  nitela;  habits  of  and  means 
against  this  insect.  ,  . 

941.  E[iley],  C.  V.     Borers  aud  cauker-worms.     <Prairie  Farmer,  9 

Marcb,  1867,  [v.  35],  n.  s.,  v.  19,  p.  151.  S.  b.  No.  2,  p.  61. 
Critical  review  of  E.  H.  C.'s  "  Remedy  for  the  borer"  and  of  J.  Huggius' 
"Canker-worm;"  indefiniteuess  of  the  word  borer;  borers  confined  to  par- 
ticular trees  according  to  species;  relations  between  Clytus  \_=  Cyllenel 
pictiis  and  C.  [^  C]  rohinia",  habits  of  and'means  against  canker-worms. 
See  No,  954. 

942.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     The  critic  criticised.     <Prairie  Farmer,  16  March, 

1867,  [v.  35],  n.  s.,  v.  19,  p.  169.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  58. 
Reply  to  B.  D.  Walsh's  "The  critic  criticised;"  insists  upon  the  correctness 
of  one  criticism  made ;   acknowledges  incorrectness  of  another.     See  Nos. 
222,  937,  939. 

943.  Riley,  C.  V.     [Solenobia.]     <,Prairie  Farmer,  16  March,  1867,  [v. 

35],  u.  s.,  V.  19,  p.  169.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  58. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  C.  Plumb;  brief  description  of  the  larva  of  f  Sole- 
nobia ;  habits  of  the  genus. 

944.  Riley,  C.  V.     Bark-lice.     Their  history,  together  with  sundry 

remedies.  <Prairie  Farmer,  23  March,  1867,  [v.  35],  n.  s.,  v.  19, 
p.  184.  S.-b.  No.  2,  pp.  61-62.  Extract:  <Cultivator  and 
Country  Gentleman,  23  May,  1867,  v.  29,  p.  334.  <Pract.  Ent., 
April,  1867,  v.  2,  pp.  81-82. 
Criticisps  several  patent  remedies  for  ravages  of  bark-lice,  Coccida';  igno- 
rance of  entomology  amongst  intelligent  writers;  natural  history  oi Myti- 
laspis  pomicorticis  \^  =  pomorum']. 

945.  Riley,  C.V.     The  phlox- worm.    <PrairieFarmer,  6  April,1867,  [v. 

35],  n.  8.,  V.  19,  p.  219,  2  figs.     S.  b.  No.  2,  pp.  63,  64. 
Describes  and  figures  larva  and  imago  of  Heliothia  phloxiphaga ;  describes 
pupa;  seasons  and  habits. 

946.  Riley,  C.V.    The  potato-beetle.     <Prairie  Farmer,  6  April,  1867, 

[v.  35],  n.  s.,  V.  19,  p.  219.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  64. 
Answer  to  inquiries  of  H.  Tilden;   Doryphora  decemUneata  remains  perma- 
nently in  regions  invaded  by  it ;  hibernates  as  an  imago  under  ground. 


lUHLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    KNTOMOLOGY.  107 

047.  Riley,  C.  V.     Meadow-worms.     <Prairie  Fanner,  0  April,  1867, 
[v.  35],  u.  s.,  V.  19,  p.  219.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  04. 
Answer  to  iiKiuiry  of  H.  S. ;  habits  of  Tipula  in  all  Hta^jcs. 

948.  Riley,  C.  V.     Clover- worms.     <Prairie  Farmer,  18G7,  [v.  3.j],  n. 

s.,  V.  19,  20  Ai)ril,  pp.  200-201, 10  tigs.;  27  April,  p.  279.     S.-b. 
No.  2,  pp.  07,  08. 
Habits  and  ravages  of  Pyralis  olinalis  \_^=A8opia  costaUs]  ;  figures  and  detailed 
descriptions  of  larva,  pupa,  cocoon,  and  imago. 

949.  Riley",  C.  V.     The  apple-leaf  criimi)ler.     < Prairie  Farmer,  27 

April,  1807,  [v.  35 1,  n.  s.,  v.  19,  p.  279,  4  figs.     S.  b.  No.  2,  p.  08. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  H. ;  description  of  pupa,  figure  of  larva-case  and 
imago  of  PItycifa  nebulo  [=z  Acrohaais  indigineUa'];  babits  and  means  against 
the  same. 

950.  Riley,  C.  V.    Cocoous  on  the  flowering  ash.     <Prairie  Farmer, 

27  April,  1807,  |v.  35J,  n.  s.,  v.  19,  p.  279.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  08. 
Answer  to  intiuiry  of  A.  B.  Pierce;  descriptions  of  larva,  cocoon,  and  imago 
of  Attacus  promethea;    food-plants  of  larva;   method  of  emergence  from 
cocoon. 

951.  Riley,  C.  V.    Scarred  apple-trees.    Prairie  Farmer,  27  April,  1867, 

[v.  35],  n.  s.,  V.  19,  p.  279.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  08. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  P.  M.  Williamson;  descnptionsof  the  injuries  to  apple- 
trees  caused  by  Te/^V/o h ia  sp..  Coccus  han-isii  \^^Chionaspis  furfurus'\,  and 
Mytilaspis  pomicorticis  1:=  pomornm'\. 

932.  Riley,  C.  V.    Aphides.     <PrairlQ  Farmer,  18  May,  1807,  f v.  35,], 
u.  s.,V.  19,  p.  332.     S.-b.- No.  2,  p.  7.3. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Taylor;  color  and  propagation  of  Aphis  viali;  means 
against  the  same. 

953.  Riley,  C.  V.    Tree-cricket.    Prairie  Farmer,  18  May,  1867,  (v.  35], 

n.  s.,  V.  19,  p.  332.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  73. 
Answer  to  iuquiry  of  A.  N.  Prentiss;  habits  of  CEcanthus  nivens. 

954.  Riley,. C.  V.     Note.     <Prairie  Farmer,  IS  May,  1807,  [v.  35],  n.  s., 

Y.  19,  p.  .332.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  73. 
Correction  of  No.  941 ;  criticism  unfounded. 

9.55.  Riley*  C.  V.  The  strawberry-worm,  EmpJn/tus  macnlatus  Nor- 
ton. <  Prairie  Farmer,  25  May,  1807,  [v.  'Srt],  n.  s.,  v.  19,  p.  348, 
9  figs.  S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  72. 
Descriptions  and  figures  of  all  stages,  geographical  distribution,  seasons, 
habits,  and  oviposition  of  and  means  against  Emphytus  {=UiirpiphoruH'\ 
maculatus. 

950.  Riley,  C.  V.     White-pine  worm:     Lophijrus  ahhotii.     <  Prairie 
Farmer,  25  May,  1807,  [v.  35],  n.  s.,  v.  19,  p.  348,  7  figs.     S.-b. 
No.  2.  p.  72. 
Description  of  imago  of  Lophyrus  abbotii;    figures  larva,  pupa,   cocoon,    9 
imago  and  ^  and  9  antennse  ;  habits  and  seasons  of  larvae. 

957.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Stag-beetle.     <  Prairie  Farmer,  25  May,  1867, 
[r.  35],  n.  s.,  v.  19,  p.  348.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  72. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  Barrier;  habits  of  Lucanus  elaphus. 


108  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

958.  [KiLEY,  C.  v.]     The  Curculio.     <  Prairie  Farmer,  1  June,  1867, 

[v.  35],  n.  s.,  V.  19,  p.  368.     S.b.  No.  2,  p.  73. 
Successful   results  from  the  use  of  macliiues  for  destroyiug   Conotrachelus 
nenuphar;  this  insect  hibernates  in  the  imago  state. 

959.  Riley,  C.  V.    Fifteen-spotted    ladybird.     <Prairie  Farmer,  8 

June,  1867,  [v.  35j,  n.  s.,  v.  19,  p.  381. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.   B.  Kuowlton ;  food,  variable  coloration  of  imago, 
and  usefulness  of  Mysia  \^Anatis'\  15-2)uiictata. 

960.  Riley,  C.  V.    Cherry  Aphis.     <Prairie  Farmer,  8  June,  1867,  [v. 

35],  n.  s.,  V.  19,  p.  381. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  Lee ;  habits,  ravages  of  and  means  against  Myzus 
cerasi. 

961.  Riley,  C.  V.    Tree-cricket.     <Prairie  Farmer,  8  June,  1867,  [v. 

35],  n.  s.,  V.  19,  p.  381. 

Eggs  of  CEcavthus  niveits  deposited  in  raspberry  canes  cause  the  death  of  the 
wood  above  them. 

962.  RiLEY",  C.  V.     Apple-tree  borer.     <Prairie  Farmer,  8  June,  1867, 

[v.  35],  n.  s.,  V.  19,  p.  381. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  B.  Campbell ;  commends  D.  B.  Wiers  remedy  against 
the  apple-tree  borer;  Saperda  hinttata  [=  Candida']  goes  through  its  trans- 
formations in  two  years,  though  commonly  believed  to  require  three  years. 

963.  Riley,  C.V.    Insects  affecting  apple-tree  roots.    < Prairie  Farmer, 

15  June,  1867,  [v.  35],  n.  s.,  v.  19,  p.  397.     S.-b.  Ko.  2,  p.  100. 

Letter  from  O.  B.  Galusha,*with  answer;  descriptions  of  yi)ung  and  mature 
wingless  individuals  of  the  root-iuhabiting  form,  Pemphigus  pyri,  of  Schiso- 
neura  lanigera;  habits,  seasons,  and  reproduction  of  this  form;  its  gall- 
making  and  means  against  it ;  description  of  larva  of  Cecidomyia  species 
found  with  the  lice ;  and  of  larva  and  imago  of  Myceiophila  persica  [n. 
sp.  ?];  seasons  of  the  latter;  larva  of  Saperda  calcarata  bores  in  roots  of 
apple;  larva  of  Helops  micans  feeds  on  decaying  apples;  Julus  [Spirobolus'] 
marginatus  infested  with  Gamasus  juloides. 

964.  Riley,  C.  V.    A  chapter  on  cut- worms.      <Prairie   Farmer,  22 

June,  1867,  [v.  35],  n.  s.,  v.  19,  pp.  413-414,  7  tigs.  S.-b.  No.  2, 
pp.  79-80. 
Extract  from  J.  Townley's  "Do  cut- worms  destroy  tree  bucls ? ".  Buds  of 
fruit  trees  destroyed  by  the  larv;B  of  Agrotidida' ;  other  ravages  and  means 
against  the  same;  descriptions  of  the  larxiP,  of  Agi-otis  suhgothica  [=J. 
herilis  and  A.  tricosa'],  A.  telifera  [^  A.  ypsilon],  and  Celama  1=  Hadena] 
renigera;  description  of  A.  cocliranis  n.  sp.  [^  J.  messoria];  figures  larva 
and  imago  of  A.  cochranis,  A.  telifera,  and  CeUena  renigera;  and  imago  of  ^. 
subgothica;  habits,  seasons,  and  vernacular  names  of  Agrotididw. 

965.  [Riley,  0.  V.]     Strawberry-worm.     <Prairie  Farmer,  22  June, 

1867,  [v.  35],  n.  s.,  v.  19,  p.  414.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  80. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  R.  Whitney ;    geographical  distribution   of   Em- 
2}hytus  1=  Harp  i})!!  or  US']  maculafus. 

966.  Riley,  C.  V.     Insects  stripping  the  bur-oak.     <Prairie  Farmer, 

13  July,  1867,  [v.  36],  u.  s.,  v.  20,  ]).  21.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  81. 
Answer  to  iuquiry  of  A.  B.Price;  Imhits  of  LacJuiosterna  jnlosicollis  [_=  tristis.'] 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  109 

9G7.  Riley,  C.  V.     Borers.     <Prairie  Fanner,  13  July,  18G7,  [v.  3G],  u. 
s.,  V.  20,  p.  21.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  81. 
Answor  to  iuquiry  of  J.  Wentworth  ;  means  agaiust  ClytuN  I—  Cyllene']  robi- 
nin-  aud  Xyhutes  l;=Cosnus'\  robiniiv. 

9G8.  KiLEV,   C.  V.     Potato-beetle.     <Prairie  Fanner,   i;'>  July,  18G7, 
[v.  3GJ,  n.  s.,  V.  20,  p.  21.     S.-b.  No.  2,  pj).  81-82. 

Auswer  to  inquiries  of  J.  L.  W.  and  G.  L.  Merriwetber ;  Donjphoru  \Q-Uneata 
throe-brooded  ;  its  occurrence  at  Sbipnian,  111. 

9G0.  [IviLEY,  C.  v.]     Smith's  patent  Curculio  trap.     <Prairie  Farmer, 
13  July,  1867,  [v.  3GJ,  n.  s.,  v.  20,  p.  21.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  82. 
Communication  from  N.  C.  Coffman,  with  reply;  condemns  J.  Smith's  Cnr- 
culio  trap. 

970.  EiLEY,  C.  V.     [Aphis  rihis.]     <Prairie   Farmer,  3  August,  1867, 

[v.  36],  u.  s.,  V.  20,  p.  69.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  81. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  J.  Eckbart;  means  against  Mtjzus  ribis. 

971.  KiLEY,  C.  Y.     Mantis  Carolina.     <; Prairie  Farmer,  3  August,  1867, 

[v.  36],  n.  s.,  V.  20,  p.  69.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  81. 
Answer  to  communication  of  J.  H.  GraTes;  vggsoi  Mantin  [=  I'hasmomanti>i'\ 
Carolina  found  in  Ogle  County,  111. 

972.  RiLEY,  C.  V.    Lappet  caterpillars  on  tbo  apple.    <Prairie  Farmer, 

3  August,  1867,  [v.  36|,  n.  s.,  v.  20,  p.  69.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  81. 
Answer  to  communication  of  Perkins  and  Congdon  ;  description  of  the  larva, 
pupa,  cocoon,  and  imago  of  Gastropacha  [=  Tolype']  velleda. 

973.  Riley,  C.  V.     Apple-bark  lice  on  pears.     < Prairie  Farmer,  3  Au- 

gust, 1867,  [v.  36],  n.  s.,  v.  20,  p.  69.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  81. 
Mytilaspis pomicorticis  l=vomorum'\  on  the  fruit  of  pear-trees;  said  to  occur 
on  currants,  plum,  and  black  oak. 

974.  Riley,  C.  V.     Currant  bush  borer.     <Prairie  Farmer,  3  August, 

1867,  [v.  36],  u.  s.,  V.  20,  p.  69.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  81. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  B.  Kinne;  habits,  description,  and  means  against 
J^germ  tipnliformis. 

975.  Riley,  C.  V.     Apple-leaf  crumpler.     <Prairie  Farmer,  3  August, 

1867,  [v.  36],  n.  s„  v.  20,  p.  69.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  81. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  C.  Clock;  habits  and  means  against  Phycita  nebulo 
[^^croftasjs  indiginella']. 

976.  Riley,  C.  V.     Tomato-stalk  borer.     <Prairie  Farmer,  3  August, 

1867,  [v.  36],  n.  s.,  v.  20,  p.  69.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  81. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  O.  G.  Xevins;  food-plants  of  Gortyna  nitela. 

977.  Riley,  C.  V.     A  few  errors  corrected.     <Wisc.  Farmer,  17  Au- 

gust, 1867.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  83. 
Habits  of  Doryphora  lO-Uneata  and  of  Carpocapsa  pomoneUa . 

978.  Riley,  C.  V.     Curculio.     <Prairie  Farmer,  7  September,  1867,  [v. 

36],  n.  s.,  V.  20,  p.  148.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  82. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Shearer;  means  against  VonofrachcJuH  nenuphar. 

979.  Riley,  C.  V.     Hop- vine  caterpillars.     < Prairie  Farmer,  7  Septem- 

ber,  1867,  [v.  36],  n.  s.,  v.  20,  i).  148.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  82. 
Communication  from  J.  H.  Graves,  with  answer ;  Mantis  {^  PhanmomantlH^ 
Carolina  breeds  as  far  north  as  Ogle  County,  HI.     Description  ot  larva  aud 
imago  of  Hy pen  a  humuli  l  =  >tcabra]  ;  means  against  it. 


110  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

980.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    Wheat- worms.     <  Prairie  Farmer,  7  September, 

1867,  [v.  36],  n.  s.,  v.  1>0,  p.  148.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  82. 
Coinmuuicatiou  from  C.  Campbell,  with  answer;  description  of  larva  and 
imago  and  babiis  of  Fyralis  [^:=z  Asopia']  farinalis ;  ravages  of  Teiiebrio  tnoli- 
toy;  means  against  both  species. 

981.  RiLEY',  C.  V.     [Koot- borer.]     <Prairie  Farmer,  7  September,  1867, 

[v.  36],  u.  s.,  V.  20,  p.  148.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  82. 
Communication  from  S.  T.   Kelsey,  with  answer;  ravages  of  au  unknown 
cerambycid  larva  which  destroys  the  roots  of  various  plants. 

982.  Riley,  G.  V.     Bark-lice  on  the  pear.     <Prairie  Farmer,  7  Septem- 

ber, 1867,  [v.  36],  n.  s.,  v.  20,  p.  148.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  82. 

Letter  from  T.  D.  Plumb,  with  answer;  MytUaspis  pomicortich  [^^=pomori(m'\ 
lives  on  fruit  of  pear  and  crab-apple;  the  scale  a  secretion;  extent  of  in- 
juries caused  by  this  insect. 

983.  Riley,  C.  V.     A  imisauce  made  useful.     <Prairie  Farmer,  7  Sep- 

tember, 1867,  [v.  36],  ij.  s.,  V.  20,  p.  148.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  82. 
Means  against  Doryphora  10-lineata  discredited. 

984.  Riley,  C.  V.     Strawberry  leaf- roller.      <  Prairie  Farmer,  5  Oc- 

tober, 1867,  [v.  36],  u.  s.,  V.  20,  p.  212.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  100. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  N.  R.  Strong;  Anchylopera  {^=  Fhoxopteris']  fraguricB 
injures  strawberry  leaves;  larvie  of  Selandria  \_—  Monostegia}  ronw  also  eat 
leaves  of  the  strawberry. 

985.  Riley,  C.  V.     False  caterpillars  on  the  pine.     < Prairie  Farmer, 

5  October,  1867,  [v.  36],  u.  s.,  v.  20,  p.  212.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  101. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  S.  Fuller ;  habits  and  description  of  Lophyrns  lecontei. 

986.  Riley,  C.  V.     An  unknown  worm.     <Prairie  Farmer,  5  October, 

1867,  [v.  36;  u.  s.,  V.  20,  p.  212.     S.-b,  No.  2,  p.  101. 
Extract  from  Beaver  Dam  Citizen,  with  comments ;  habits  and  description  of 
Eristalis  sp. 

987.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Bark-louse.     <Prairie  Farmer,  19  October,  1867, 

[v.  36],  n.  s.,  V.  20,  p.  — .     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  75. 
Benzine  and  soap  as  a  means  against  bark-lice. 

988.  [Riley,  G.  V.]     Editorial  excursion   to  the   Rocky  Mountains. 

<Prairie  Farmer,  7  December,  1867,  [v.  36],  ii.  s.,  v.  20,  pp.  353- 
354.     S.-b.  No.  2,  pp.  112-113. 
List  of  plants,  insects,  and  mammals  observed. 

989.  Riley,  G.  V.     Bark-lice.     <Prairie  Farmer,  21  December,  1867, 

[v.  36],  u.  s.,  V.  20,  p.  389.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  112. 
Answer  to  inquiries  of  G.  Backster  and  J.  C.  Cobbey  ;  means  against  Mytilas- 
pis  jjoinicorticis  1=:  j)omorum'\. 

990.  Riley,  G.  V.    Root  Aphis.     <Prairie  Farmer,  21  December,  1867, 

[v.  36],  n.  s.,  V.  20,  p.  389.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  112. 
Answer  to  inc^uiry  of  .1.  M.  Jordan  ;  means  against  the  root  and  stem  forms  of 
Schizoiieura  lanU/era. 

991.  [Riley,  G.  V.]     The  Golorado  potato-beetle.   <Prairie  Farmer,  21 

December,  1867,  [v.  36],  n.  s.,  v.  20,  p.  389.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  112. 

Conmiunications  from  C.  W.  Murtfeldt  asserting  the  jjossessiou  of  poisonous 
qualities  by  the  larvie  of  Doryplwra  10-lineata. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  Ill 

992.  Riley,  C.  V.    Cut-wonu.     Fall  and  spiiii-i-  plowiiit;.     <Moore'8 

Rural  New  Yorker, ,  18G7.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  94. 

Criticism  of  article  by  Ajjricola. 

993.  RiLEY,  C.  V.     Eiitoinology.     <Prairic  Farmer  Aimual  [No.  1  for 

18G8],  1867,  pp.  53-39,  0  tigs.  S.-b.  No.  2,  i)p.  125-12G ;  No.  U, 
pp.  21C-219. 
Descriptions  aud  figures  of  larva,  pupa,  and  imago  of  Coptocjicla  L  =  t'a'<*irfa] 
hh-ittata  ;  habits,  seasons,  aud  means  against  it ;  list  of  Caxxididw  injurious 
to  sweet-potato.  Descriptions  of  larva,  nidus,  aud  inuigo  of  Denmia  inucu- 
lali'i,  lig;ires  pupa  ;  habits  aud  seasons  of  aud  means  agaiust  it.  Figures 
Colaspin  Jlarida;  describes  its  supposed  habits.  Food-plants  of  Ilvliothix 
arm'ujera.  Figures  larva  and  imago  oi'  Gortj/uu  iiitvht;  its  food-plants, 
seasons,  aud  hibernation.  Figureslarvaandimagoof  H(?io?/M«^j/i/o,</ojj/ia,«/Mw; 
synonymy, geographical  distribution,  and  means  against  it;  remarks  on  the 
balauce  of  nature.  B^igures  larva,  pupa,  cocoon,  aud  imago  of  Asopla  cur- 
tails; its  sj'uonymy  aud  ravages. 

994.  KiLEY,  C.  V.     Bark  lice.     <Prairie  Farmer,  15  February,  1868, 

[v.  37],  n.  s.,  V.  21,  p.  100.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  118. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Hawkins;  natural  limitation  and  parasites  of  Myti- 
laspis  jmmicorticis  l^pomornm'];  it  attacks  healthy  aud  unhealthy  trees; 
means  against  it;  experience  with  washes. 

995.  Riley,  C.  V.    Potato  beetle.    <Prairie  Farmer,  22  February,  1868, 

[v.  37],  n.  s.,  V.  21,  p.  117.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  119;  No.  3,  p]  58. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  F.  T.  Moore;  invention  of  a  machine  for  killing  Dory- 
pkora  10-Uneata;  hand-picking  and  heavy  mulching  the  most  available 
remedies. 

996.  Riley,  C.  V.    Apple-tree  plant-lice.     <Prairie  Farmer,  22  Feb- 

ruary, 1868,  [v.  37J,  n.  s.,  v.  21,  p.  117.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  119 ;  No. 
3,  p.  58. 
Letter  from  L.  M.,  with  answer;  habits  of  and  meaos  against  Aphis  mali. 

997.  Riley,  C.  V.    Apple-root  blight.     <Prairie  Farmer,  22  Febru- 

ary, 1868,  [v.  37],  n.  s.,  v.  21,  p.  117.     S.  b.  No.  2,  p.  119 ;  No.  3, 
p.  58. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  S.  J.  ;  Schizoucura  lanigcra  not  the  cause  of  "rotten 
root." 

998.  Riley,  C.  V.     Apple  leaf- crum pier.     <Prairie  Farmer,  22  Feb- 

ruary, 1868,  fv.  37],  n.  s.,  v.  21,  p.  117.     S.-p.  No.  2,  p.  119 ;  No. 
3,  p.  ij'6. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  M.  Pearson  ;  means  against  Phycita  nibiilo  [=  Acro- 
basis  indUjintUa'\. 

999.  Riley,  C.  V.     Tree-cricket.     <Prairie  Farmer,  14  March,  1868, 

[v.  37],  u.  s.,  V.  21,  p.  164.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  120;  No.  3,  p.  58. 

Letter  from  J.  J.  Huggins,  with  answer;  place  of  ovipositiou  of  (Kianlhua 
niveus;  list  of  plants  in  which  this  species  oviposits. 
1000.  RiLEY',  C.  V.    Egg-masses  and  cocoons  on  apple-trees.     <Prairie 
Farmer,  14  March,  1868,  [v.  37],  n.  s.,  v.  21,  p.  164.     S.-b.  No.  2, 
p.  120;  No.  3,  p.  58. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  a  correspondent;  description  of  egg-ma.s.sisand  of  larva 
of  Orgyia  leucostujma  ;  beueticial  influence  and  means  of  encouraging  para- 
sites. 


112  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1001.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    Hop  insects;  Hop  Aphis.     <Prairie  Farmer,  21 

March,  1868,  [v.  37],  n.  s.,  v.  21,  p.  184.     S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  58. 
Brief  account  of  and  means  against  Hypena  humuli  {^^=scabra'\  and  Phorodon 
humuli. 

1002.  EiLEY,  C  V.     Supposed  eggs  of  the  preying  Mantis.    <Prairie 

Farmer,  28  March,  1868,  [v.  37],  n.  s.,  v.  21,  p.  201.     S.-b.  No.  2, 
p.  121 ;  No.  3,  p.  59. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  H.  Graves;  cocoons  of  Bhogas  sp.  attached  in  a  mass 
to  twigs  of  an  apple-tree. 

1003.  Riley,  G.  V.     Oak  tree  borer.      <  Prairie   Farmer,  28  March, 

1868,  [v.  37],  n.  s.,  v.  21,  p.  201.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  121 ;  No.  3,  p. 
59. 

Answer  to  inquiries  of  E.  G.  Mygatt ;  habits  and  food-plants  of  Xylentes 
[ :=  Co8sus'\  robini(e ;  means  against  it. 

1004.  Kiley,  C   V.    Maple-bark  lice.     <Prairie  Farmer,  28  March, 

1868,  [v.  37],  n.  s.,  v.  21,  p.  201.     S.b.  No.  2,  p.  121 ;  No.  3,  p. 
59. 

Lecanium  sp.  found  on  twigs  of  sugar-maple. 

1005.  Riley,  C.  V.     Eggsof  the  katydid.     < Prairie  Farmer,  28  March, 

1868,  [v.  37],  II.  s.,  V.  21,  p.  201.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  121 ;  No.  3,  p. 
59. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  Colwell ;    habits  and  food-plants  of  Flatyphyllum 
[:=  Cyrtophyllus']  voncarus. 

1006.  Riley,  C.  V.    Eggs  of  tree-cricket  in  raspberry  canes.     <Prairie 

Farmer,  28  March,  1868,  [v.  37],  n.  s.,  v.  21,  p.  201.     S.-b.  No.  2, 
p.  121 ;  No.  3,  p.  59. 

Letter  from  E.  T.  Nelson,  with  answer;  oviposition  of  (Ecanthus  niveus  in 
raspberry  canes;  means  against  this  insect. 

1007.  Riley,  C.V.    Bark-lice.    <Prairie  Farmer,  28  March,  1868,  [v.  37], 

n.  s.,  V.  21,  p.  201.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  121 ;  No.  3,  p.  59. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  D.  Robinson  ;  means  against  Myiilaspis  pomicortids 
\_=zpomorum'\. 

1008.  Riley,  C.  V.     Bark-lice   again ;  the  native  species.     <Prairie 

Farmer,  28  March,  1868,  [v.  37],  u.  s.,  v.  21,  p.  201.     S.-b.  No.  2, 
p.  121 ;  No.  3,  p.  59. 
Letter  from  N.  Coleman,  with  answer ;  comparative  characters  of  Mytilaspia 
pomicortids    \^^^pomoi-mn~\   and   Biaspis  hariisii   \_:=Chionaspis  furfuru8'\; 
food-plants  of  the  latter. 

1009.  Riley,  C.  V.    Dahlia- stalk  borer.     <Prairie  Farmer,  28  March, 

1868,  [v.  37],  n.  s.,  v.  21,  p.  201.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  121;  No.  3,  p.  59. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  M.  Wierman ;  means  against  Goriyna  nitela. 

1010.  Riley,  C.  V.  •  Apple-worm.     <Prairie  Farmer,  28  March,  1868, 

[v.  37],  n.  s.,  V.  21,  p.  201.     S.-b.  No.  2,  p.  121 ;  No.  3,  p.  59. 
Answer  to  communication  of  S.  J.  C. ;  Carpocapsa  pomonella  hibernates  as  a 
larva  within  the  cocoon. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  113 

1011.  Riley,  C.  V.    False  caterpillars  on  the  Scotch  and  Austrian  pines. 

<Prairie  Farmer,  2  May,  1868,  [v.  HI],  n.  s.,21,  p.  285,  tig. 
Description  and  figures  of  larva,  cocoon  and  imago,  and  of  male  antenna  of 
Lophi/rits  leconfei;    food-plants  and   babits  of  larva;    value  of  technical 
science. 

1012.  RiLET,  C.  V.    Prevention  of  bark-lice.     <Prairie  Farmer,  9  May, 

1868,  \v.  37],  n.  s.,  v.  21,  p.  301.     S.-b.  No.  3,  ]).  60. 
Means  against  Mi/tUaspiK po>nicortici>i{^=pomorum'\iin(l  Pbycita  iiebulol=  Acro- 
banis  indiginella'];  tiginc  of  the  latter. 

1013.  RiLEY,  C.  V.     Beetles  in  stomach  ot  meadow-lark.     <Prairie 

Farmer,  9  May,  1868,  [v.  37],  n.  s.,  v.  21,  p.  301.    S.-b.  No.  3, 
p.  60. 

Fragments  of  Xottlglossa  1=  Oncometopia'}  nndata  and  of  Platynun  excavatus 
or  P.  aruginosus  found  in  the  stomach  of  Sturiiella  magna. 

1014.  RiLEY,  C.  V.     Beetle  on  sugar-maple.     <Prairie  Farmer,  9  May, 

1868,  [v.  37],  n.  s.,  v.  21,  p.  301.     S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  60. 
Ehuria  quadrigeminata  found  under  bark  of  a  felled  sugar-maple,  also  on 
honey-locust. 

1015.  Riley,  C.  V.     White  worms  in  wells.     <Prairie  Farmer,  9  May, 

1868,  [v.  37],  n.  s.,  v.  21,  p.  301.     S.  b.  No.  3,  p.  60. 
Fish  or  frogs  placed  iu  wells  will  free  them  from  worms. 

1016.  Riley,  C.  V.    Tanzy  for  borers.     <Prairie  Farmer,  9  May,  1868, 

[v.  37],  n.  s.,  V.  21,  p.  301.     S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  60. 
Means  against  borers  in  apple-  and  peach-trees. 

1017.  Riley,  C.  V.     Peach-borer.     <Prairie  Farmer,  9  May,  1868,  [v. 

37],  n.  s.,  v.  21,  p.  301.     S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  60. 
Refers  to  articles  on  means  against  ^geria  [=  Satinina']  exitiosa. 

1018.  Riley,  0.  Y.    Black  grape-vine  caterpillars.     <Prairie  Farmer, 

9  May,  1868,  [v.  37],  n.  s.,  v.  21,  p.  301.     S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  60. 
Descriptions  of  larva  and  imago  of  Thyreus  abbotii ;  the  abundance  of  para- 
sites prevents  serious  iujury  by  the  larva. 

1019.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  potato-beetle.     <CuItivator  and  Country  Gen- 

tleman, 21  May,  1868,  v.  31,  p.  378.  • 
Criticism  of  article  on  the  "  Colorado  potato-bug"  (Cultivator  and  Country 
Gentleman,  23  April,  IdGS,  p.  309) ;  use  of  hellebore  against  Doryphora  10- 
lincata. 

1020.  RiLEY%  C.  V.    The  May-beetle ;  white  grub.     < Journ.  of  Agric, 

1868,  4  figs.     S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  10. 
Habits,    food-plants,    enemies,    and   meaus    against   Lachnoaterna    quercina 
[  =  /usca];  figures  the  larva,  pupa,  and  imago  of  the  same. 

1021.  RiLEY,  C.  V.    Canker-worm.     <Colman'8  Rural  World,  1868. 

S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  16. 
Habits  of  and  means  against  Auisopteryx  1=  Paleacrita]  vcrnata. 

1022.  RiLEY,  C.    V.     The  apple-worm    or    codling-moth.     <Colmau's 

Rural  World,  18(J8,  tig.     S.  b.  No.  3,  j).  16. 
Seasons  of  and  meaus  against  Carpocapsa  poviontUa ;  figures  all  stages  except 
egg. 

8  ENT 


114  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1023.  Riley,  C.  V.    Remedy  for  the  apple-borer.     <Colraau"s  Rural 

World,  1868.     S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  16. 

Means  against  Saperda  hivUtata  [^=candida']. 

1024.  Riley,  C.  V.     Grape-vine  hoppers.     <Colman's  Rural  World, 

1868.     S.  b.  No.  3,  p.  16. 
Tettigonia  coagulata  injurious  to  leaves  of  grape-vines. 

1025.  Riley,  C.  V.     Thousand-legged  worm.    <Colman's  Rural  World, 

1868.    S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  16. 

Habits  of  Julus  1=  Spirobolus']  marginatus. 

1026.  Riley,  C.  V.     Honey-locust  seed-weevil.     <Prairie  Farmer,  20 

June,  1868,  [v.  37],  n.  s.,  v.  21,  p.  397.     S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  59. 
Habits,  description  ot,  and  means  against  Spermopliagus  rohinm. 

1027.  Riley,  0.  V.    Potato-beetle.     <Prairie  Farmer,  20  June,  1868, 

[v.  37],  n.  s.,  V.  21,  p.  397.     S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  59. 
Natural  history  of  and  means  against  Doryphora  10-lineata. 

1028.  Riley,  C.  V.    Large  moth  on  apple-tree.     <Prairie  Farmer,  27 

June,  1868,  [v.  37],  n.  s.,  v.  21,  p.  410.     S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  60. 
The  larva  of  Attacus  cecropia  spins  its  cocoon  on  apple  and  other  trees. 

1029.  RiLEY%  C.  V.      Will    unimpregnated    eggs  hatch?      <Prairie 

Farmer,  .27  June,  1868,  [v.  37],  n.  s.,  v.  21,  p.  410.    S.-b.  No.  3, 
p.  60. 

Remarks  upon  the  statement  by  H.  D..  of  Champaign,  111.,  concerning  the 
hatching  of  unimpregnated  eggs  of  Attacus  cecropia  ;  mentions  the  families 
and  genera  of  insects  iu  which  parthenogenesis  occurs. 

1030.  [Riley,.  C.  v.]     Wire-worms:  Experiments  in  killing.     <Prairie 

Farmer,  27  June,  1868,  [v.  37],  u.  s.,  v.  21,  p.  410.     S.-b.  No.  3, 
p.  60.    ^ 

Effect  of  several  liquid  preparations  upon  the  larvae  of  "Elateiida^  immersed 
in  them ;  corn  soaked  in  turpentine  grew  unmolested  by  wire-worms. 

1031.  [RiLEY",  C.  v.]     [Pear-slug  and  currant-worm.]    <Prairie  Farmer, 

27  June,  1868,  [v.  37],  u.  s.,  v.  21,  p.  410.     S.-b.,  No.  3,  p.  60. 
Means  against  Selandria  \_=^  Eriocamjja']  cerasi  and  Nematus  rentricosus  \^=^ri- 
he8ii'\. 

1032.  Riley,  C.  V.    What  becomes  of  bumble-bees?    <Cultivator  and 

Country  Gentleman,  2  July,  1868,  v.  32,  p.  18. 
Answer  to  Anna's  "Bumble-bees;"  only  the  queens  of  Bomhus  survive  the 
winter;  new  colonies  formed  by  hibernated  queens. 

1033.  KiLEY,  C.  V.    Large  gray  straight-horned  snout-beetle.     <Prai- 

rie  Farmer,  4  July,  1868,  [v.  38],  u.  s.,  v.  22,  p.  2-3,  figs.     S.b. 
No.  3,  pp.  31,  56. 
Descriptions  and  figures  of  larva  and  imago  of  Ithycerus  noveboracensis ;  method 
of  oviposition;  injuries  to  apple,  oak,  and  other  trees. 

1034.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  seventeen-year  Cicada.     <Prairie  Farmer,  4 

July,  1868,  [v.  38],  n.  s.,  v.  22,  p.  2.     S.-b.  No.  3,  pp.  31,  56. 

Dates  and  localities  of  occurrences  of  Cicada  [=  Tibiceni  septendecim ',  occur- 
rence of  C.  [=:  T.]  tredmm  in  Misvsouri. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  115 

1035.  Riley,  C.  V.    Raspberry  canes  dying.    <Prairie  Farmer,  11  July, 

18G8,  [v.  38],  u.  s.,  V.  22,  p.  10,  1  tig.     S.-b.  No.  3,  pp.  31,  50. 
Answer  to  iuquiry  of  J,  A.  Jackson  ;  death  of  raspberry  canes  diHciiHsed;  in 
this  case  not  the  result  of  injury  by  insects. 

1036.  Riley,  C.  V.     Bag-worms.     <Prairie  Farmer,  11  July,  18U8, 

[v.  38],  n.  8.,  V.  22,  p.  10.     S.-b.  No.  3,  pp.  31,  56. 

Letter  from  B.  B.  Warfield,  with  answer;  habits,  food-plants,  and  means 
against  Thyridopterijx  ejihemerdformis;  description  of  the  female. 

1037.  Riley,  C.  V.    Oak  and  rose  galls.     <Prairie  Farmer,  11  July, 

1868,  [v.  38],  n.  s.,  v.  22,  p.  10.     S.-b.  No.  3,  pp.  31,  32,  56. 
Answer  to  inqniry  of  F.  H.  G.;  descriptions  of  galls  and   imagos  of  Cijmps 
[:=zz  Uhodites'\  bicolor  on  rose  and  of  Cynips  1=^  Andricun']  ><€mi»aior  on  white 
oak;  occurrence  of  Cicada  [=  Tibicen}  neptcndecim  in  Michigan. 

1038.  Riley,  C.  V.     Apple-borer  and  root  Aphis.     <  Prairie  Farmer,  11 

July,  1868,  [v.  38],  n.  s.,  v.  22,  p.  10.     S.-b.  No.  3,  pp.  32,  56. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  >  olwell ;  ravages  of  Saperda  biiittata  [^Candida} 
and  of  Schizoneura  lanifjera. 

1039.  Riley,  C.  V.     Evergreen  plant-lice.     <Prairie  Farmer,  11  July, 

1868,  [v.  38],  n.  s.,  v.  22,  p.  10.     S.-b.  No.  3,  pp.  32,  56. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Cochrane;  balsam  fir  injured  by  Lachnua  strobiV, 
means  against  it. 

1040.  Riley,  C.  V.     Bark-lice  again.     <Prairie  Farmer,  18  July,  1888, 

[v.  38],  n.  s.,  V.  22,  p.  18,  2  figs.     S.-b.  No.  3,  pp.  34,  54. 
Answer  to  inquiries  of  J.  Hodgeson,  S.  D.,  J.  Sutherland,  and  J.  H.  G. ;  de- 
scriptions and  figures  of  the  scales  of  Mytilaspis  pomicoriicis  \_  =  pomorum^ 
and  Diaspis  harrisii  [=r  Chionaspia  furfurun'\. 

1041.  Riley,  C.  V.     Larvae  of  grape- vine  flea-beetle.    <Prairie  Farmer, 

18  July,  1868,  [v.  38],  n.  s.,  v.  22,  p.  18.     S.-b.  No.  3,  pp.  34,  54. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  A.  Pettingil ;  leaves  of  grape-vine  eaten  by  larv;e  of 
Haltica  chalybca  ;  description  of  larva;  habits  and  means  against  it. 

1042.  [Riley,  C.  Y.J     A  corn  Curculio    <Prairie  Farmer,  25  July,  1868, 

[v.  38],  n.  s.,  V.  22,  p.  26.     S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  33. 
Communication  from  L.  V.  Smith,  with  answer;  seasons  and  ravagesof  Sphe- 
nophorus  scul2)liUs. 

1043.  Riley,  C.  V.     Ephemera  flies ;  a  hard  story.     <  Prairie  Farmer, 

15  August,  1868,  [v.  38],  n.  s.,  v.  22,  p.  50.  S.-b.  No.  3,  pp.  36, 57. 
Extract  from  Peoria  (111.)  Transcript,  with  letter  of  J.  Cochrane,  of  Havana, 
111. ;  notes  on  the  above  ;  appearance  of  swarms  of  I'alingenia  [--  Hexage- 
Mia]  bilineala  in  Illinois  and  of  other  may-flies  in  Europe;  life-history  of 
Ephemerida . 

1044.  Riley,  C.  V.     Driving  potato-beetles.     < Prairie  Farmer,  15  Au- 

gust, 1868,  [v.  38],.n.'s.,  v.  22,  p.  50.     S.-b.  No.  3,  pp.  36. 

Doryphora  lO-Uneata  can  not  be  driven;  MacrobasiH  unkolor  can;  care  should 
be  taken  in  sending  the  former  through  the  nuiil,  so  as  not  to  increase  its 
distribution. 

1045.  Riley,  C.  V.    Gregarious  walnut  caterpillar.     < Prairie  Farmer, 

15  August,  1868,  [v.  38],  n.  s.,  v.  22,  p.  50.     S.-b.  No.  3,  pp.  36,  57. 

Answer  to  iuijuiry  of  "  a  subscriber;"  leaves  of  walnut  destroyed  by  larv* 
of  Datana  ministra  ;  habits  and  means  against  the  same. 


116  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1046.  Riley,  C.  V.    Bugs  on  grape-vines.     <Prairie  Farmer,  15  Au- 

gust, 1868,  [v.  38],  n.  s.,  v.  22,  p.  50.     S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  36. 
Letter  from  J.  H.  Biugham,  with  answer;  new  growth  of  stems  and  leaves 
of  grape-vines  injured  by  Corimelwna pulicaria  ;  means  against  it. 

1047.  Riley,  C.  V.    Corn-worms.     <Prairie  Farmer,  15  August,  1868, 

[v.  38],  n.  s.,  V.  22,  p.  50.     S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  36. 
Letter  from  E.  Daggy,  with  answer;  injury  to  maize  by  an  undescribed  spe- 
cies of  Hadenaf. 

1048.  Riley,  C.  V,     Large  worm  on  apple-tree.    <Prairie  Farmer,  15 

August,  1868,  [v.  38],  n.  s.,  v.  22,  p.  50.     S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  36. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  M.  Devore ;  description  of  Papilio  turnus,  9 ,  form 
glaucus,  which  pupated  on  trunk  of  apple-tree. 

1049.  Riley,  C.  V.     White-pine  trees  killed  by  borers.     <Prairie 

Farmer,  26  September,  1868,  [v.  38],  n.  s.,  v.  22,  p.  98. 

1050.  Riley,  C.  V.     Swarms  of  butterflies.     <Prtnrie  Farmer,  26  Sep- 

tember, 1868,  [v.  38],  n.  s.,  v.  22,  p.  98. 

1051.  Riley,   C.   V.     Worms    feeding    on    tbe    hawthorn.    <Prairie 

Farmer,  26  September,  1868,  [v.  38],  n.  s.,  v.  22,  p.  98. 

1052.  Riley,  C.  V.    Twig  borers,  sack-bearers,  etc.    <Prairie  Farmer. 

19  December,  1868,  [v.  38],  n.  s.,  v.  22,  p.  194. 

1053.  Riley,  C.  V.    Oil  beetles.     <Prairie  Farmer,  19  December,  1868, 

[v.  38],  n.  s.,  V.  22,  p.  194. 

1054.  Riley,  C.  V.    Apple-tree  caterpillars.     <Prairie  Farmer,  19  De- 

cember, 1868,  [v.  38],  n.  s.,  v.  22,  p.  194. 

1055.  Riley,  C.  V.    Twigs  punctured  by  periodical  Cicada.     <Prairie 

Farmer,  19  December,  1868,  [v.  38],  n.  s.,  v.  22,  p.  194. 

1056.  Riley,  C.  V.     Reportof  committee  on  entomology.     <Trans.  111. 

Hortic.  Soc.  for  1867,  1868,  n.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  105-107,  figs.  1-8. 
Criticism  of  previous  reports;  effect  of  cold  on  Aphis  mall;  distribution, 
food-plants,  and  means  against  Dorijphora  10  liiieata;  distinctions  between 
D.  10-lineata  and  D.  juncta;  ravages  of  Lytta  [=^Epicatita']  vlttata,  L. 
[  =  £.  ]  cinerea,  and  L.  alrata  [=  E.  penrisylvamca'l  on  potato,  and  L.  [=  Pom- 
phopoea']  wiiea  on  fruit-trees;  means  against  them;  ravages  of  Haltica 
\^=  Crepidodera']  cucumeris  on  potato;  habits,  ravages,  and  specific  charac- 
ters of  Cassididw  found  on  sweet  potato;  Saperda  bivittata  \^=^ca)ididu'\  bi- 
ennial ;  history  and  development  of  Mytilaspis  pGmicorticis  \^=pomomin'\ ; 
its  food-plants,  supposed  hermaphroditism  [parthenogenesis]  and  mode  of 
production  of  scale  of  this  species;  difficulty  of  explaining  the  jiroduction 
of  galls;  habits,  characters,  food-plants,  and  ravages  of  Conotrachelus 
nenuphar,  Carpocapsa  pomonella,  Heliothis  armigera,  Gorti/na  nitela,  Mamestra 
picta,  Procris  [  =  ifarj'is/«a]  americana,  Selandria  vitis  [^=  Blennocampa 
pygma'a'],  Darapsa  {^=  Ampelophaga  myron,  and  Desmia  macula'is;  notes  on 
other  insects  injurious  to  grape,  apple,  and  wheat,  and  on  Myceiophila  per- 
sica,  Emphytusl=Hatpiphoriis'\  maeulatus,  Jgroiift  [^=  Hadena']  devastatrix, 
and  Hadena  juncta ;  note  on  recent  writings  by  the  author. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  117 

1057.  KiLEY,  C.  V.     Eutomology.      <Prairie  Farmer  Annual  [No.  2 

for  18G9],  18G8,  pp.  30-41,  6  figs.  S.-b.  No.  14,  pp.  220-22G. 
Directions  for  collecting  and  preserving  insects;  descriiitions  of  apparatus 
and  cabinets  ;  means  against  cabinet  pests  ;  descriptions  and  tiguresofall 
stages,  except  egg,  of  LophijruH  abbotii  and  /..  lecontet;  habits  and  food- 
plants  of  and  means  against  both  species ;  figures  of  eggs,  pupa,  and  imago 
of  Cicada  [=Ti7)ice.H]  Kepicndecim  and  of  twig  punctured  by  imago;  dates 
and  localities  of  occurrence  of  this  species  and  of  C.  [=?'.]  tredecim;  C. 
{_=  T. ]  cansiiiii  a  form  of  this  insect ;  figures  larva,  i)Ui)arium,  and  imago  of 
Cephalemijia  [  =  (Estrus'\  ovih  ;  habits  and  ravages  of  and  means  against  it ; 
imago  viviparous  in  the  nostrils  of  sheep. 

1058.  EiLEY,  C.  y.     The  American  Merorayza,  Meromyza  americana, 

Fitch.  Attacking-  wheat  just  before  it  ripens.  <Moore's  Rural 
New  Yorker,  30  January,  1869,  v.  20,  p.  71,  fig.  S.-b.  No.  3, 
p.  83. 

Habits  and  ravages  of  Meromyza  americana  ;  figures  larva,  pupa,  and  injured 
stalk  of  wheat;  related  European  species  have  similar  habits;  remedies 
and  natural  enemies. 

1059.  EiLEY,  C.  V.     First  annual  report  on  the  noxious,  beneficial, 

and  other  insects  of  the  State  of  Missouri,  made  to  the  State 

Board  of  Agriculture,  pursuant  to  an  appropriation  for  this 

purpose  from  the  legislature  of  the  State.     <4th  Ann.  Kept. 

State  Board  of  Agric.  for  1808,  March,  1869,  pp.  182-187,  98 

figs.     Separate:  <JeflFerson  City,  Mo.,  March,  1869,  pp.  182- 

187,  2  pL,  98  figs.     Notice  :  <Amer.  Eut.,  April,  1869,  v.  1,  p. 

165. 

CONTENTS. 

Page. 

Introductory 3 

noxious  insects. 

The  bark-lice  of  the  apple-tree 7 

Two  species  known  to  occur  in  the  United  States,  7 — Harris's  bark- 
louse  not  numerous  enough  to  do  material  damage,  7. 
The  oyster-shell  bark-louse,  Mytilanpis  pomorum 7 

Diftexence  in  the  scales  of  the  two  species,  7 — Introduction  of  the 
oyster-shell  bark-louse  from  Europe  and  its  spread  in  the  United 
States,  8 — Precautionary  measures  to  prevent  its  introduction 
into  Missouri,  8— Its  habits  studied  by  diflerent  observers  in 
1867,  9 — Seasonal  notes  on  the  development  of  the  insect,  10 — 
Only  one  annual  brood  in  Missouri,  12— Formation  and  nature  of 
the  scale,  12— Rare  occurrence  of  males,  14— Difference  of  opinion 
among  observers  as  to  the  mode  of  growth  of  the  scale,  14 — Diffi- 
culty of  explaining  the  spread  of  the  insect  from  one  tree  to 
another,  15 — Its  occurrence  upon  other  kinds  of  trees,  15 — Nat- 
ural enemies,  IG— Artificial  remedies,  IG— Examination  of  young 
trees  before  planting,  IG— Washing  with  alkalies,  etc.,  17— Scrub- 
bing the  branches  with  a  stiff  brush,  17— Fumigating,  17— Appli- 
cation of  sheep-manure,  17— Washes  in  general  ineffective,  17— 
The  insect  can  most  successfully  be  fought  during  three  or  four 
days  of  the  year  only,  18. 


118  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1059,  Riley,  C.  V.— Continued. 

The  periodical  Cicada,  Tibicen  septendecim , 18 

Its  singular  life  history,  18 — Seventeen  and  thirteen  year  races, 
19 — The  two  races  not  distinct  species,  19 — Two  distinct  forma 
occurring  in  both  broods,  20 — Season  of  their  appearance  and 
disappearance,  22 — Natural  history  and  transformations,  22 — 
Elevated  chambers  of  the  pupa,  22 — The  larvae  frequently  occur- 
ring at  great  depth  in  the  ground,  24 — The  operation  of  emerging 
from  the  jiupa,  24 — Only  the  males  are  capable  of  singing,  24 — 
Trees  in  which  the  females  deposit  their  eggs,  24 — Mode  of  ovi- 
position,  24 — The  newly  hatched  larva,  25 — The  W  on  the  wings 
of  the  Cicada,  25 — Enemies,  26— Fungus  infesting  the  imago, 
26 — The  sting  of  the  Cicada,  26 — Wide-spread  fear  of  the  insect 
on  account  of  its  supposed  stinging  powers,  26 — Explanations  of 
the  sting,  27 — Injury  caused  by  the  insect,  29 — by  the  larva,  29 — 
by  the  imago,  29 — Fruitless  attempts  to  stop  the  injury,  30 — Chro- 
nological table  of  all  well-ascertained  broods  in  the  United  States, 
30 — The  insect  will  appear  during  the  next  17  years  somewhere 
in  the  United  States  every  year  except  in  1873,  41 — Number  of 
broods  that  will  appear  in  the  next  17  years  in  the  ditferent 
States,  42. 

Apple-tree  borers 42 

The  round-headed  apple-tree  borer,  Saperda  Candida 42 

It  is  more  numerous  in  trees  on  high  land  than  on  low  ground, 
42 — Extent  of  its  injury,  43 — Its  larva,  43 — Appearance  of  the 
imago,  43 — The  hole  made  by  the  young  larva,  44 — It  remains 
nearly  three  years  in  the  larva  state,  44 — Its  pupa  state,  44 — 
Remedies,  45 — Alkaline  washes,  45 — Killing  the  larva  by  hot 
water,  45 — Cutting  out  the  larva,  46. 

The  flat-headed  apple-tree  borer,  Chrf/soiothria  femorata 46 

Diiferences  between  it  and  the  foregoing  species,  46 — Habits  of  the 
beetle,  47— Amount  of  injury  caused  by  it,  47 — Parasite  attacking 
it,  47 — Remedies,  47.  , 

The  peach  borer,  Sannina  exitiosa 47 

Its  nature,  47 — Differences  in  the  sexes,  48 — Remedies,  48 — The 
mounding  system  the  best  remedy,  48 — Testimony  as  to  the 
value  of  the  mounding  system,  48 — Other  remedies,  49. 

The  plum  Curculio,  Conotrachelus  nenuphar 50 

Difference  of  opinion  among  authors  on  some  points  in  its  natural 
history,  50 — Reasons  for  this  difference  of  opinion,  51 — Facts  in 
its  natural  history,  52 — It  causes  the  spread  of  the  peach-rot,  52 — 
Fruit  trees  attacked  and  those  not  attacked  by  it,  53 — It  may 
hibernate  as  larva  or  pupa,  but  does  generally  as  imago,  53 — 
Mode  of  egg-laying,  54 — It  has  one  annual  brood,  55 — Walsh's 
experiments  to  show  that  it  is  two-brooded,  55 — Natural  reme- 
dies, 56— No  parasites  known  to  infest  it,  56 — Enemies,  57;  The 
Pennsylvania  soldier-beetle  and  its  larva,  57;  Lacewing-larva, 
57;  The  subangular  ground-beetle,  58;  Ground-beetle  larva, 
probably  of  the  Pennsylvania  ground-beetle,  59— Hogs  as  Cur- 
culio destroyers,  59 — Artificial  remedies,  60 — Jarring  the  trees 
the  most  effectual  method,  60 — Dr.  Hull's  Curculio  catcher,  60 — 
Lessons  for  the  fruit-grower  from  the  account  of  the  Curculio,  62. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OV    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  119 

1059.  Riley,  C.  V.— Coutimied. 

The  codling  moth  ok  atplk  worm,  Carpocapsa  pomoneUa G'2 

It  is  coiniiiun  wbcii-vfr  apples  are  yrowii,  {\2 — Description  of  the 
iusect  in  it8  tliffereut  states,  G3 — Its  life-history,  6:?— Other  fruits 
attacked  by  it,  G4 — Remedies,  ()"> — Pickiuff  up  the  fallen  fruit, 
65 — Entrapping  the  worms  the  best  remedy,  6G — Trimble's  hay 
band  system  and  how  to  apply  it,  GG — Attracting  the  moth  by 
fires,  67. 

CUT-WOKMS G7 

The  natural  history  of  twelve  distinct  species,  67 — DeSnitiou  of 
the  term  "cut-worm,"  67 — Habits  of  cut-worms,  67 — Their  nat- 
ural bistory  briefly  given,  68 — Difficulty  of  breeding  them  in 
captivity,  69 — Climbing  cut-worms,  69 — Injury  done  by  them  to 
orchards,  69 — Fruit  trees  and  shrubs  they  attack,  70 — They  at- 
tack large  trees,  71. 

The  variegated  cut- worm,  Agrotis  nauc'ui 72 

The  full-grown  larva,  72 — The  eggs,  72 — Habits  of  the  larva,  72 — 
Cut-worm  moths  deposit  their  eggs  on  the  leaves  and  not  on  the 
ground,  73 — The  imago,  73 — Description  of  the  insect  as  larva, 
pupa,  and  imago,  74. 

The  dark  sided  cut- worm,  Agrotis  messoria 74 

General  characters  of  the  larva,  74 — Habits  of,  and  injury  done  by 
it,  75 — Description  of  imago,  75;  of  the  larva  and  chrysalis,  7G. 

The  climbing  cut- worm,  Agrotis  scandeun 76 

Injury  done  by  the  larva,  77 — General  characters  of  the  larva,  77  , 
of  the  moth,  78 — Description  of  the  larva,  78;  of  the  imago,  78. 

The  w-marked  cut-worm,  Agrotis  clandestina 79 

General  characters  of  the  larva,  79 — Plants  it  attacks,  79 — Char- 
acters of  the  moth,  79 — Description  of  the  larva  and  chrysalis,  79. 

The  greasy  cut- worm,  Agrotis  ypsilon 80 

The  larva  very  variable  in  coloration,  80 — Its  injury  to  tomato  aud 
tobacco  plants,  80 — General  characters  of  the  moth,  80 — Descrip- 
tion of  larva,  chrysalis,  and  imago,  81. 

The  western  striped  cut-worm,  Agrotis  herilis 81 

Resemblance  of  its  larva  to  that  of  the  corn  rustic,  81 — General 
characters  of  the  worm  and  moth,  82 — Description  of  the  larva. 
82. 

The  dingy  cut-worm,  Agrotis  subgothica 82 

DiflFerence  between  it  and  the  foregoing  species,  82 — General  char- 
acters of  pupa  and  imago,  )^2— At  least  three  species  of  onr  cut- 
worms are  difficult  to  distinguish,  83— Description  of  larva,  chrys- 
alis, and  imago,  83. 

The  glassy  cut- worm,  Hadena  devastatrix 83 

Habits  and  general  characteristics  of  the  larva,  8;i— Characteris- 
tics of  the  moth,  84— Description  of  larva  and  chrysalis,  84. 

The  speckled  cut-worm,  Hadena  suhjunrta 84 

Characteristics  and  habits  of  the  insect,  84— Description  of  larva, 
chrysalis,  and  imago,  85. 

The  small  white  bristly  cut-worm,  Hadena  renigera 

Habits  of  the  worm,  HG— Characteristics  of  the  moth,  8G— Descrip- 
tion of  larva,  chrysalis,  and  imago,  86. 

Other  cut- worms 

Fitch's  account  of  the  corn  cut-worm  and  the  yellow-headed  cnt- 


86 


87 


worm,  8/. 
The  wheat  cut-worm 

Injury  caused  by  it,  87 — Description  of  the  larva,  88. 


87 


120  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1059.  EiLEY,  C.  v.— Continued. 

Cut-worms — Continued. 

Remedies  against  cut- worms 89 

Natural  enemies,  89;  Microgaster  militaris,  89;  Paniscus  geminatus, 
89;  The  spined  soldier-bug,  89;  The  cut-worm  lion,  89 — Other 
enemies,'  90 — Artificial  remedies  for  climbing  cut-worms,  90;  for 
common  field  cut- worms,  91. 

Insects  infesting  the  potato 91 

General  remarks,  91 — Number  of  species  affecting  the  potato,  92. 
The  stalk-borer,  Gortyna  nitela 92 

Habits  of  the  larva  and  imago,  92 — Remedy,  93. 
The  potato  stalk- weevil,  Trichobaris  trinotata 93 

Its  geographical  distribution,  93 — Its  habits,  93 — Remedy,  95. 

The  potato-  or  tomato-worm,  Protoparce  celeus 95 

'  It  can  not  sting  with  its  horn,  95 — Its  chrysalis,  95 — How  the 
imago  differs  from  the  tobacco- worm  moth,  95 — Remedies  and 
parasites,  96. 

Blister-beetles,  Meloidce 97 

The  striped  blister-beetle,  96 — The  ash-gray  blister-beetle,  97 — 
The  black-rat  blister-beetle,  98 — The  black  blister-beetle,  98 — 
The  margined  blister-beetle,  98 — Synouymical  remarks^  98 — 
Remedies  for  blister-beetles,  99. 

The  three-lined  leaf-beetle,  Lema  frilineata 99 

Merdigerous  habit  of  the  larva,  99 — It  has  two  annual  broods, 
100— Other  notes  on  the  habits  of  the  insect,  100. 

The  cucumber  flea-beetle,  Crepidodera  cucumeris 101 

The  Colorado  potato-beetle,  Dori/phora  lO-Uneata 101 

Its  past  history  and  future  progress,  101 — Its  native  home,  101 — Its 
gradual  spread  eastward,  102 — Its  confusion  with  the  bogus  Colo- 
rado potato-beetle,  103 — How  the  two  species  differ  in  habits, 
104  ;  in  their  larval  states,  104  ;  in  tbe  egg  state,  105 — Descrip- 
tion of  the  larva  of  Dorypliora  juncta,  106 — Differences  in  the 
imagos  of  the  two  species,  106 — Habits  of  the  Colorado  potato- 
beetle,  107— When  it  appears  and  disappears,  107 — Number  of 
eggs  laid  by  each  female,  107 — Food-plants,  107 — Singular  fact 
that  D.  juncta  has  not  acquired  the  habit  of  attacking  the  potato, 
108 — Natural  remedies,  109 — Complicated  economy  of  nature, 
109 — Decrease  in  the  number  of  potato-beetles  on  account  of  in- 
crease in  the  number  of  parasites,  109 — The  Colorado  potato-bee- 
tle parasite.  111 — Its  general  character  and  habits.  111 — Descrip- 
tion of  Lydella  doryphorw,  111 — Lady-birds  and  their  larvje, 
112 — The  spined  soldier-bug,  113 — The  common  squash-bug,  erro- 
neously considered  an  enemy  of  the  potato-beetle,  113 — The  bor- 
dered soldier-bug,  114 — The  many  banded  robber,  114 — The  ra- 
pacious soldier-bug,  114 — The  Virginia  tiger-beetle,  115 — The 
fiery  ground-beetle,  115— Blister-beetles,  115— The  larvse  not 
touched  by  fowl,  115 — Artificial  remedies,  116 — Ineffectiveness 
of  mixtures  tried,  116— Killing  the  beetle  early  in  spring,  lie- 
Pincers  for  crushing  the  insect,  116 — Benson's  machine,  116 — 
Proper  choice  of  varieties  of  potatoes,  117 — The  pest  will  over- 
run the  Eastern  States,  117 — Carelessness  in  transmitting  speci- 
meus  of  the  beetle,  117. 


\ 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  1 L*  1 

1059.  KiLEY,  C.  v.— Continued. 

TiiK  APPI.E-ROOT  I'LAST-hOVSK,  Schhoneura  loHigcra 118 

Thieo  distiuct  kinds  of  rots  ail'ectinj^  tln^  roots  of  apple-trees, 
118 — The  root-louso  the  cause  of  one  of  these  rots,  118 — Tlio  cause 
of  the  other  rots  still  hidden,  119 — The  root-louse  especially  in- 
jurious iu  southerly  latitudes,  119 — It  occurs  also  on  other  parts 
of  the  tree  besides  the  root,  120 — Description  of  the  winged  louse, 
120 — Fitch's  description  of  the  winged  form  refers  to  another 
species,  I'^O  —  The  root-louse  belongs  to  the  genus  Erionoma, 
121 — Natural  enemies,  121 ;  Chalcis-Hy,  121  ;  ihe  root-louse  Syr- 
phus-dy,  121  ;  ScymtiuH  cervicalis,  122 — Artificial  remedies,  123. 

The  woolly  elm  trkk  louse,  Schhonctira  rileyi 123 

Its  general  appearance  and  habits,  123 — Description  of  the  winged 
form,  124. 

Insects  ixjukioits  to  the  c.kape-vixe 124 

The  new  grape-root  borer,  Prionun  laticoUis 124 

Reports  on  the  damage  caused  by  it,  124 — Description  of  the  larva, 
12G — It  belongs  probably  to  the  cylindrical  Orthosoma,  126 — 
Former  accounts  of  the  natural  history  of  this  beetle,  127 — Its 
injury  known  for  several  years,  127 — Remedies,  128. 

The  grape  curculio,  Craponius  inwqualis 128 

Nature  of  the  damage  done  by  it,  128 — Its  larva,  128 — The  perfect 
beetle,  129 — No  iujury  done  by  it  in  1868,  129. 

The  grape-seed  Curculio,  laosoma  vitis 129 

General  appearance  of  the  maggot,  129 — Mr.  S.aunders'  account  of 
the  damage  done  by  it,  130. 

The  grape-caue  gall  Curculio,  Ampeloglypter  .sesostris 131 

The  gall  caused  by  it,  131 — The  larva,  131 — Its  transformation, 
i31 — Description  of  the  beetle,  132 — Differences  between  it  and  a 
closely  allied  species,  132 — The  gall  caused  by  the  punctures  of 
the  female  beetle,  132 — Remedy,  132. 

The  grape-vine  Fidia,  Fidia  viticida 132 

It  is  very  injurious  in  Missouri,  132 — Habits  of  the  beetle,  132 — 
Remedies,  133. 

The  grape  fruit-worm,  Etidemis  hofrana 133 

Amount  and  extent  of  the  injury  caused  by  it,  133— Characteristics 
of  the  larva,  134— Transformations,  134 — Description  of  larva, 
chrysalis,  and  imago,  135 — Remedies,  135. 

The  eight- spotted  forester,  Ahjpia  H-macuUita 1^56 

Characteristics  of  the  larva,  136— It  is  not  numerous  enough  to 
cause  serious  iujury,  136 — Other  caterpillars  resembling  it,  136. 

The  grape-vine  plume,  Oxyptilus  perisceUdactylus 137 

Work  of  the  larva,  137— Its  habits  and  characteristics.  137— The 
moth,  137— Remedy,  138. 

The  snowy  tree-cricket,  (Evanthua  nireus 138 

Characteristics  of  the  insects,  138— It  is  injurious.  138— Nature  of 
the  iujury  caused  by  it,  138 — Remedy,  139. 

The  ua.spherky  CtF.omktfai,  Synchlm-a  mbiforaria ••'9 

Habits  of  the  larva,  139— Parasite  attacking  it,  139— Characteris- 
tics of  the  moth.  139— Description  of  the  larva,  139 :  of  the  imago, 
140. 

The  gooseheury  fkl'IT-WORM,  Daknnna  convohitella 140 

Accounts  of  the  injury  caused  by  it,  140— Habits  of  the  worm,  140— 
The  moth,  141— Remedies,  141— Description  of  larva,  chrysalis, 
and  imago,  141. 


122  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1059.  Riley,  C.  V.^Continued. 

The  strawberry  leaf-roller,  Phoxopteris  fragarice 142 

Extent  and  nature  of  the  damage  caused  by  it,  142 — Habits  of  the 
insect,  142 — Accounts  of  its  injury  in  Indiana  and  Illinois,  142 — 
Remedy,  143— Description  ot  the  imago  and  larva,  143. 

The  white-marked  tussock-moth,*  Orgyia  leucostigma 144 

The  egg-mass,  144 — The  larva  and  larval  changes,  144 — The  full- 
grown  larva,  145 — Habits  of  the  larva,  145 — Mode  of  casting  ofl" 
the  larval  skin,  145 — The  cocoon,  146 — The  imago,  146— Two  an- 
nual broods,  146 — F'ood-plants,  146 — Remedies,  147. 
The  bag-worm,  alias  basket-worm,  alias  Drop-worm,  Thyridopteryx 

ephtnuiriformxs - 147 

Its  geographical  distribution,  148— Injury  caused  by  it,  148 — The  . 
egg,  148 — The  Iai*va  and  its  growth,  148 — Habits  of  the  larva, 
149— The  chrysalis,  149 — The  sex  distinguishable  in  the  chrysa- 
lis state,  149— The  imago,  149— Food-plants,  150 — Parasites,  150 ; 
Cryptus  inquiaitor,  150;  Hemiteles  thyridopterygis,  n.  sp.,  150 — 
Remedies,  151. 

The  ailanthus-worm,  (Eta  punctella 151 

Injury  done  to  the  Ailanthus  tree,  151 — Habits  of  the  larva,  151 — 
The  chrysalis,  151 — Tbe  imago,  152 — Geographical  distribution, 
152 — Remedy,  152 — Description  of  larva  and  chrysalis,  152  ;  of 
the  imago,  153. 

The  walnut  Tortrix,  Cacwcia  rileyana , 153 

Habits  of  the  larva,  153 — General  appearance  of  the  moth,  153 — 
Phjtophagic  form  of  the  insect  on  suowberry,  153 — Description 
of  larva,  chrysalis,  and  imago,  154;  of  the  variety  symphoricarpi, 
154. 

The  seed-corn  maggot,  Anthomyia  zeas 154 

Accounts  of  damage  caused  by  it,  154 — The  maggot,  155 — Trans- 
formation, 155 — Description  of  the  imago,  155 — Remedy,  155 — 
Habits  of  Anthomyia  larvie,  156. 

The  white  grub,  Lachnosterna  fasca 156 

Account  of  the  damage  caused  by  it,  156 — Injury  done  by  the  per- 
fect insect,  157 — R6sume  of  its  life-history,  157 — Remedies,  157 — 
Regularity  in  the  ajipearauce  of  the  beetle,  158 — Accounts  of  the 
fungus  infesting  the  white  grub,  158. 

The  American  Meromyza,  Meromyza  amerieana 159 

Nature  of  the  damage  caused  by  it,  159 — Characteristics  of  larva, 
chrysalis,  and  imago,  160 — European  Diptera  with  similar  habits, 
160— Remedies,  161. 

The  sheep  bot-fly  or  head-maggot,  (Estrus  ovis 161 

The  insect  in  its  different  states,  161 — Its  larva,  162 — Pupa,  162 — 
Characteristics  of  the  imago,  162 — Fatal  results  of  the  presence 
of  the  maggot  in  the  head  of  the  sheep,  163 — Rabbits  attacked 
by  gad-fly,  164 — Testimony  regarding  the  viviparous  habits  of 
the  bot-fly,  164 — Remedies,  165. 

Insect  enemies  of  the  honey-bee 166 

The  bee-moth  or  wax- worm,  GaUtria  cereana 166 

General  appearance  of  the  moth,  166 — There  are  no  moth-proof 
bee-hives,  166 — Habits  of  the  worm,  167 — How  its  presence  in  the 
hive  may  be  recognized,  167 — Prevention  and  remedy,  167. 

*  Reprint:  <Cultivator  and  Country  Gentleman,  14  May,  le74,  v.  39,  pp.  310-311, 
3  figs. 


HIHLIOGRAPHV    OK    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  12.') 

1059.  Riley,  C.  V.— Continued. 

Insect  k.nkmiks  of  thk  hoxkv-bf.e— Continued. 
The  bee-killiT,  ProtnaclniH  (tpivoru8 • 1G8 

It  is  an  Asilul  lly,  1(•,^;_M^.  Thompson's  account  of  tho  fly,  168— 
How  it  captures  and  kills  bees,  168— No  remedy  known,  168. 

BENKFICIAL  INSKCTS. 

The    KEAK-IIOKSE,  (iUtts   CAMEL-CRICKET,  alian   OEVIL's   KlDING-HOnSE, 

riiasmomauytH  caroHna 169 

Its  food,  16'.)— IIow  it  grasps  its  prey,  169— Difl'ereuce  in  the  sexes, 
ITO  — The  hirva,  170— The  e<r<r-niass,  170— Tho  mode  of  egg-lay- 
ing, 170— Voracious  disposition  of  the  Mantis.  171 — Its  beneficial 
influence,  171 — Trachina  parasite  of  the  Mantis,  171. 

IXXOXIOUS   INSECTS. 

The  Solidago  gall-motu,  (ielechia  gaUasolidaginis 173 

Gall  caused  by  Trjiptla  HoVulagims,  173 — Gall  produced  by  the  Soli- 
dago gall-moth,  173-  Its  natural  history,  173— Provision  of  the 
larva  for  its  protection  within  the  gall,  174— Previous  account  of 
the  gall,  174 — Gall  caused  by  Cochylis  hilurana  on  ArtcmiHia  cam- 
pcstris,  175— Description  of  the  Solidago  gall-moth  as  larva, 
chrysalis,  and  imago,  17.")— Parasites  attacking  it,  17.");  the  in- 
flating chalcis,  176;  Eurntnmn  holtirl,  n.  sp.,  176;  Hemitelen  (1) 
cressonii,  n.  sp.,  177;  Microgaster  gelech'uv,  n.  sp.,  177;  other 
parasites,  178 — Oberea  larvae  intruding  in  the  gall,  178. 

The  chickweed  [=kxotweei)]  Geometer,  Hn-matopin  grataria 179 

Its  natural  history,  179 — De.^scription  of  larva  and  chrysalis,  179. 

The  thistle  plcme,  Platyptilus  carduidactijlm 180 

Work  of  its  larva  on  thistle- heads.  180 — Description  of  the  larva, 
chrysalis,  and  imago,  180. 

1060.  EiLEY,  C.  y.  Eggs  of  the  Mantis  or  rear-horse  <Moore's 
Rural  New  Yorker,  10  Ai)ril,  1869,  v.  20,  p.  234,  2  tigs.  S.-b. 
No.  3,  p.  52. 

Answer  to  iqquiry  of  T.  C.  Bartle;  description  of  Mantis  [^z  Phasmomaiilix] 
Carolina;  its  food,  habits,  oviposition,  and  ])ara8ites  :  ligiires  its  egg-ma.sses 
and  those  of  rhyUoptera  l.hnhlycorypha']  ohloiigi/oHa. 

1001.  Riley,  C.V.     Native  barii-lice  ou  apple-trees.     <Prairie  Farmer, 
17  April,  1800,  [v.  .39],  n.  s.,  v.  23,  p.  122,  1  tig.     S.-b.  No.  .3,  p. 
57. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  B.  Gardner ;  life  history  of  and  means  against  Dias- 
pix  liarriHii  [=  Chionasjnx /ur/iiniH]  ;  figure  of  the  same. 

1062.  Riley,  C.V.  Curculio.  <Prairie  Farmer,  17  April,  1807,  |  v.  39 1, 
n.  s.,  V.  23,  p.  122.     S.-b.  No.  .3,  p.  57. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  .Tames  Weed;  habitsof  and  ituans  ;it;:iinst  ('onotrncheliiH 
nenuphar. 

106.3.  Riley,  C.  V.  Cherry-tree  borers.  <  Prairie  Farmer,  17  April, 
1869,  [v.  39],  u.  s.,  V.  23,  p.  122.     S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  57. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  Onargo  Horticultural  Society;  larvie  of  Buprentis 
l=Dircera'\  divaricata  and  of  Trochilinni  sp.,  injurious  to  cherry-trees  ;  soft- 
maple  attacked  by  T.  {=.-Egeria'\  arerni;  means  against  these  insects. 


124  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1064.  EiLEY,  C.  Y.     White-grub  fnngus.     <Prairie  Farmer,  15  May, 

1860,  [v.  39],  n.  s.,  v.  23,  p.  154.     S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  76. 
Letter  from  D:  W.  Tindall,  with  answer;  ravages  of  LaoJinosterna  quercina 
[=/Msca]  in  Gliuton  County,  Mo.,  in  1868;  Torrubia  growing  on  the  larvae 
in  1869. 

1065.  Riley,  C.  V.     The   canker-worm,    Anisopteryx    vernata    Peck. 

<Moore's  Eural  New  Yorker,  29  May,  1869,  v.  20,  p.  345,  figs. 
S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  73. 
Description,  figures,  and  natural  history  of  canker-worms  ;  the  two  species 
are  confounded. 

1066.  RiLEY",  G.  Y.    The  seed-corn   maggot,  Anthomyia  zeas^   Riley. 

Destroying  the  seed  after  it  is  planted.     <Moore's  Rural  New 
Yorker,  June,  1869,  fig.    S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  81.    Advance  print,  with 
changes :  <lst  Ann.  Rept.  State  Ent.  Mo.,  March,  1869,  pp. 
154-156,  figs.  86-87. 
See  No.  1059  for  synopsis  of  contents. 

1067.  RiLEY,  0.  Y.     Cherry-tree  plant-lice.     <Moore's    Rural    New 

Yorker,  10  July,  1869,  v.  20,  p.  443.     S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  83. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  J.  Magee  ;  means  against  Aphis  [=^  Mtjzus'\  cerasi. 

1068.  Riley,  C.  Y.    Gooseberry  span-worms.     <Moore's  Rural  New 

Yorker,  10  July,  1869,  v.  20,  p.  443.     S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  83. 

Letter  from  A.  Yancey,  with  answer;  occurrence  oi  Eufitcliiaribearia  in  Iowa; 
habits  and  means  against  it;  habits  of  and  influence  of  weather  on  Blissus 
leucopterus ;  bcarcity  of  Doryphora  10-lineata  in  Iowa. 

1009.  Riley,  G.  Y.  Ai^ple-leafcrumpler  mistaken  for  Gurculio.  <Prai- 
rie  Farmer,  10  July,  1869,  [v.  40],  n.  s.,  v.  24,  p.  218,  fig. 
S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  80. 
Letter  from  B.  T.  Taylor  ;  improper  use  of  the  word  Cnrculio  ;  figures  larva- 
case  and  imago  of  Phycita  vebulo  [=  Acroiasis  indiginella'];  means  against 
it ;  outline  figure  of  Conotrachclus  nenuphar. 

1070.  Riley,  C.  Y.    Peach-tree   borer.     <Prairie   Farmer,  10  July, 

1869,  [v.  40],  n.  s.,  v.  24,  p.  218.     S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  80. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  Allen  ;  habits  of  and  means  against  JEgeria  [=zSan- 
nina'\  exitiosa. 

1071.  Riley,  G.  Y.    To  protect  plums  from  Gurculio.     ^.Prairie  Farmer, 

10  July,  1869,  [v.  40],  n.  s.,  v.  24,  p.  218.     S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  80. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  H.  S. ;  recommends  the  collection  of  the  imago  of 
ConotracheluH  nenuphar  by  jarring. 

1072.  Riley,    G.    Y.     White-grub;    information    wanted.       <Prairie 

Farmer,  28  August,  1869,  [v.  40],  n.   s.,  v.  24,  p.  274,  4  figs. 
S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  95. 
Letter  from  A.  T.  V.,  with  answer  ;  habits  of  and  means  against  Lachnosterna 
quercina  [_=fu8ea']  ;  figures  of  larva  and  imago. 

1073.  Riley,  G.  Y.     Unknown  corn  pest.     <Prairie  Farmer,  28  Au- 

gust, 1869,  [v.  40],  n.  s.,  v.  24,  p.  274.     S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  95. 
Letter  from  E.  B.  Hickey,  with  answer ;  ravages  of  cut-worms  and  of  an  un- 
known pest  on  maize;  brief  descriptiou  and  habits  of  the  latter. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  125 

1074.  Riley,  C.  V.     Larva  of  the  grape  vine  flea-beetle.     <Moore'8 

liural  New  Yorker,  28  August,  1800,  v.  20,  p.  5.~)5.     S.-b.  No. 
3,  pp.  100, 103. 
Auswer  to  inquiry  of  D.  D.  Voaburgh ;  habits,  ravafjes,  and  means  against 
Graptodera  [^  Ifaltica']  chalybea.  t 

1075.  Riley,  C.  V.     Rose  bug.     <  Moore's  Rural  New  Yorker,  28  Au- 

gust, 1869,  v.  20,  p.  555.     S.-b.  No.  3,  pp.  100, 103. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  a  subscriber;  description  of  iiiiaj;o,  transformations  of 
and  means  against  MacrodactyluH  nubspinosiix. 

1070.  Riley,  C.  V.    Large  greeu  caterpillar  ou  the  apple.     <Moore's 
Rural  New  Yorker,  28  August,  1809,  v.  20,  p.  o3o.     S.-b.  No. 
3,  p.  100. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  E.  A.  Palmer ;   descriptions  of  larva  and  imago  of 
Attacus  cecropia  ;  its  habits  and  seasons. 

1077.  Riley,  C.  Y.    Couical    galls    on    leaves    of   wild    grape-vine. 

<  Moore's  Rural  New  Yorker,  28  August,  1809,  v.  20,  p.  555. 
S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  100. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  D.  McClaine;  description  of  galls  of  Cecidomyia  vitis- 
riticola;  characters  of  the  larvae  of  Cecidomyia. 

1078.  Riley,  C.  V.     A  strange  bug.     <Moore's  Rural  New  Yorker,  28 

August,  1809,  V.  20,  p.  555.     S.  b.  No.  3,  p.  100;  No.  4,  p.  3. 
The  insects  described  in  North  Carolina's  "  A  strange  bug,"  were  probably 
Psocus  venosus;  habits  of  the  genns  lumens. 

1079.  Riley,  C.  V.     Currant-worms  and   black-currants.     <Moore's 

Rural  New  Yorker,  28  August,  1809,  v.  20,  p.  555.  S.b.  No.  3, 
p.  100;  No.  4,  p.  3. 

Critical  review  of  Addi  on  currant- worms;  in  North  America  three  species 
of  larvw  feed  ou  the  leaves  of  currants,  and  two  species  of  borers  live  within 
the  stem. 

1080.  Riley,  C.  V.    Curculio.     <Moore's  Rural  New  Yorker,  28  Au- 

gust, 1809,  V.  20,  p.  555.     S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  100;  No.  4,  p.  3. 

Commendation  of  an  editorial  criticism  of  Northwest's  article  on  the  Cur- 
culio. 

1081.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Insects  injurious  to  the  grape- vine.     [No.  1.] 

<Amer.  Ent.,  August,  1809,  v.  1,  pp.  231-234,  figs.  109-173. 
Reprint,  with  slight  changes:  <2d  Ann.  Rept.  State  Ent.  Mo., 
March,  1870,  pp.  87-91,  figs.  00-03. 

Treats  of  Prionns  laticollis  and  P.  imhricorni-s.  See  Xo.  ll'27  for  synojisis  of 
contents. 

1082.  [RiLEY%0.  Y.]     Insects  infesting  the  sweet-potato.    <Ai!i('r.  Ent., 

August,  1809,  v.  1,  pp.  234-238,  figs.  174-181.     Reprint,  with 
slight  changes:  <2d  Ann.  Rept.  State  Ent.  Mo.,  March,  1870, 
pp.  56-04,  figs.  20-38. 
Treats  of  tortoise-beetles,  Cassidida:     See  No.  1127  for  synopsis  of  contents. 

1083.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  borers.     <Western  Rural,  September,  1869. 

S.-b.  No.  4,  p.  2. 

Means  against  .Eyeria  cuciirhiUr  [==  ^felittia  eeto]. 


126  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1084.  EiLEY,  C.  V.     Supposed  bark- lice  eggs  in  Missouri.     <Prairie 

Farmer,  4  September,  1809,  [v.  40],  n.  s.,  v.  24,  p.  282.     S.-b.  No. 
3,  p.  95. 

Letter  from  J.  Reed,  with  answer ;  eggs  of  a  moth  mistaken  for  those  of 
Mytilaspis  pomicorticis  \_=pomonim'\;  the  latter  nuknowu  in  Missouri. 

1085.  EiLEY,  C.  Y.    New  York  weevil  ou  apple-trees.    <Prairie  Farmer, 

4  September,  1869,  [v.  40],  n.  s.,  v.  24,  p.  282,  3  figs.     S.-b.  No.  3, 
p.  95. 

Letter  fromR.  M.  Guy,  with  answer;  figures  of  larva  and  imago,  description 
of  imago,  geographical  distribution,  methods  of  oviposition,  food-plants, 
and  means  against  Ithycerus  noveboracensis. 

1086.  [EiLEY,  C.  Y.]  Insects  injurious  to  the  grape-vine.  No.  2.  <Amer. 

Ent.,  September-October,  1869,  v.  2,  pp.  22-24,  figs.  12-16.    Re- 
print, with  slight  changes.     <2d  Ann.  Kept.  State  Ent.  Mo., 
March,  1870,  pp.  71-73,  figs.  44-48. 
Treats  of  Chwrocampa  pampinatrix  [=^  Ampelophaga  myron~\;  see  No.  1127  for 
synopsis  of  contents. 

1087.  Riley,  C.  Y.     Larva  of  the  imperial  moth.     <Prairie  Farmer,  9 

October,  1869,  [v.  40],  n.  s.,  v.  24,  p.  322.     S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  92. 
Letter  of  C.  IJ.  Thayer,  with  auswer;  description  of  larva,  pupa,  and  imago 
of  Ceratocampa  [=^Eacles']  imperialis;  food-plants  of  the  same  and  of  C. 
[=Ct///ero«(a]  rcjiitlis. 

1088.  Riley,  C.V.  Apple  snout-beetle  or  four-humped  Curculio.  <Prai- 

rie  Farmer,  9  October,  1869,  [v.  40],  n.  s.,  v.  24,  p.  322.     S.-b.  No. 
3,  p.  92. 

Letter  from  R.  W.  Gandy,  with  answer :  habits  and  description  of  Anthono- 
mus^quadrigibbus  ;  recommends  jarring. 

1089.  Biley,  C.  Y.     That  veuomous  potato-worm !      <Moore's  Rural 

New  Yorker,  20  November,  1869,  v.  20,  p.  — .     S.-b.  No.  3,  pp. 
107;  112. 

Critical  review  of  several  recent  articles  upon  tomatt)- worms ;  structure  and 
harmlessness  of  larva-,  o(  SpMngidw;  geographical  distribution  of  Sphinx 
l^ Protoparce'\  Carolina  and  <S'.  quinquemaculata  [=/*.  celeus]. 

1090.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     The  bag-worm,  alias  basket-worm,  alias  drop- 

worm,  Thyridopteryx  ephemeraformis,  Haw.  <Amer.  Ent.,  No- 
vember, 1869,  V.  2,  pp.  35-38,  fig.  24. 
Geographical  distribution,  fooii-plants,  seasons,  tranaformations,  parasites, 
copulation,  and  oviposition  of  and  means  against  Thyridopteryx  ephemerw- 
formis;  figures  and  descriptions  of  larva.,  larva-cases,  pupa,  and  imago; 
description  of  eggs  ;  abodes  constructed  by  insects. 

1091.  [Riley,  C.Y.]  Insects  injurious  to  the  grape-vine.  No.  3.  <Amer. 

Ent.,  November,  1869,  v.  2,  pp.  54-55,  figs.  33-35.     Reprint, 
with  slight  changes.     <2d  Ann.  Rept.  State  Ent.  Mo.,  March, 
1870,  pp.  74-76,  figs.  49-51. 
Treats  of  Philampelus  achemon;  see  No.  1127  for  synopsis  of  contents. 

1092.  Riley,  C.  Y.    The  saddle-back  caterpillar.     <Moore's  Rural  New 

Yorker,  4  December,  1869, v.  20,  p.  _,  fig.     S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  103. 

Letters  from  A.  W.  Baker  and  G.  T.  Cost,  with  answer ;  figures  and  charac- 
terization of  the  larva  of  Eit^pretia  siimulea;  food-plants,  urtlcating  prop- 
erties, and  transformations ;  description  of  the  imago. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  127 

1093.  KiLEY,  0.   V.     The  seventeen-year  Cicada.     <Prairie  Farmer, 

ISGl).     S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  55. 

Answer  to  cominunicatioii  of  W.  J.  B.,  coucerning  Cicada  [  =  Tibicen  ]  nrpten- 
decim. 

1094.  Riley,  C.  V.    Death  of  a  ben.    <Rural  New  Yorker, 1809, 

fig.     S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  75. 

Occurrence  of  GoniocoUn  hologaater  in  {^reat  numbi-rs  on  iilicn  ;  niouns  a<'aiu8t 
the  same;  tigure  of  it. 

1095.  Riley,  C.  V.     Cut-worm  eggs.     <Prairie  Farmer, 1809. 

S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  81. 

Habita  and  place  of  ovipositiou  of  Agroiis  inermia  [;=  aaucia}  ;  description  of 
it8  eggs  and  larvie. 

1096.  Riley,   C.  V.     Potato   bugs.      <Prairie  Farmer, 1869. 

S.-b.  No.  3,  p.  81. 

Means  against  Doryphora  lO-lineata. 

1097.  RiLEY^C.V.     That  glow-worm.    <Cultivator  and  Country  Gen- 

tleman, 6  January,  1870,  v.  35,  p.  5,  fig.     S.-b.  No.  4,  p.  23. 
Reprint:  <Amer.  Ent.,  October,  1880,  v.  3,  n.  s,,  v.  1,  p.  254, 
tig. 
Figures  larva  and  imago  of  Photnris  penusylvamca  ;  VhotinuH  piiralix  also  lu- 
minous in  larval  and  adult  stages ;  comparison  with  Lampyris  noclUuca. 

1098.  [RiLEY",  C.  v.]     In  memoriam.     <Amer.  Ent.,  December,  1869- 

January,  1870,  v.  2,  i)p.  65-68. 
Biographical  and  obituary  notice  of  B.  D.  Walsh. 

1099.  [RiLEY,  C.  v.]     The  harlecjuiu  cabbage-bug,  Strachia  histrioniea, 

Hahu.  <Amer.  Ent.,  December,  lS69-January,  1870,  v.  2,  pp. 
79-80,  fig.  56. 
Enumeration  of  the  enemies  of  the  cabbage  in  the  United  States;  methods 
of  their  iujurj';  importation  and  spread  of  some  species;  figures  of  the 
imago  ;  description  of  eggs,  habits,  geographical  distribution,  seasons,  and 
odors  of  Strachia  1=  Murffa)itia'\  Idslrionica;  extract  from  G.  Lincecum's 
"Texan  cabbage-bug." 

1100.  [RiLEY,  C.  V.J     An  entomologist  caught  napping.    <Anier.  Ent., 

December,  1869-January,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  84. 
Criticism  of  the  view  that  trees,  grasses,  or  any  other  particular  forms  of 
vegetation  are  the  natural  coverings  of  the  earth  ;  this  criticism  applied 
especially  to  John  Curtis. 

1101.  [RiLEY,  C.  v.]     Poisonous  qualities  of  the  Colorado  i)otato  bug. 

<Anier.  Ent.,  December,  1809-January,  1S70,  v.  2,  pp.  85-SO. 
Extract  from  "  Winona  Republican,"  with  remarks  ujiou  the  poisonous  nature 
of  the  blood  of  Doryphora  10-lineata. 

1102.  [Riley,   C.   V.J     Insects   injurious   to   the  grape-viue.     No.   4. 

<Amer.  Ent ,  December,  1869-Jaiuuiry,  1870,  v.  2,  pp.  S!>-9(>, 
figs.  58-59.     Reprint,   with  slight  changes:  <2d  Ann.  Jtept. 
State  Ent.  Mo.,  .March,  1870,  pp.  70-78,  figs.  52-53. 
Treats  of  r/ij/om^dH.t  saMlitia  \_  =  pandoras];  see  No,  ir-'7  for  synopsia  of 
coQteuta. 


128  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1103.  |EiLEY,  C.  V.|    Toads  vs.  bugs.     <Amer.  Ent.,  December,  1869- 

January,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  91. 
Translation  of  extracts  from  Fogt's  "Noxious  aud  beneticial  animals; "  exist- 
ence of  a  commerce  in  toads  between  France  aud  England ;  usefulness, 
tameness,  and  gratitude  of  toads. 

1104.  [Riley,  C.  V.J    The  tomato-worm  again.     <Amer.  Ent.,  Decem- 

ber, 1869- January,  1870,  v.  2,  pp.  91-92. 
Reprint,  with  comments,  of  article  entitled  "The  tomato-worm,"  from  Syra- 
cuse Standard ;  absurd  nature  of  newspaper  accounts  of  insects. 

1105.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     Mr.  Walsh's  successor.    <Amer.  Ent.,  December, 

1869-January,  1870,  v.  2,  pp.  92-93. 
Condition  in  which  B.  D.  Walsh  left  the  ofiBce  of  State  Entomologist  of 
Illinois  at  his  death ;  plans  of  his  intended  second  report ;  provisions  for 
the  preparation  of  the  same  and  the  filling  of  the  office. 

1106.  [RiLEY",  C.  V.J    To  our  subscribers.     <Amer.  Eut.,  December, 

1860-January,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  93. 
Proposed  change  in  the  character  of  the  American  Entomplogist. 

1107.  [RiLEY',  C.  V.J    The  Walsh  entomological  collection.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  December,  1869-January,  1870,  v.  2,  pp.  93-94., 

Statement  of  the  conditions  under  which  the  Walsh  collection  of  insects  Is 
to  be  sold ;  expression  of  preferences  in  regard  to  its  disposition  ;  extent 
aud  method  of  preservation  of  the  collection. 

1108.  [RiLEY,  C.  V.J     A  State  entomologist  for  Minnesota.     <Amer. 

Eut.,  December,  1869-January,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  94. 
Commendation  of  resolutions  passed  by  the  Minnesota  State  Horticultural 
Society  recommending  tbe  appointment  of  a  state  entomologist ;  promo- 
tion of  entomological  studies  by  appropriations  from  the  several  States. 

1109.  RiLEY',  C.  V.     [Field  for  the  entomologist  in  the  South.J    <  Amer. 

Ent.,  V.  2,  December,  1869-January,  1870,  p.  94 ;  February, 
1870,  p.  121. 

Extent  and  novelty  of  entomological  work  in  the  southern  United  States; 
J.  P.  Stelle  at  work  in  this  field. 

1110.  [RiLEY,  C.  V.J     On  our  table.     <Amer.  Ent.,  December,  1869- 

January,  1870,  V.  2,  pp.  95,  96. 
Notices  of  J.  T.  C.  Ratzeburg's  works  on  "Forest  trees"  and  "Weeds  of 
Germany  and  Switzerland." 

1111.  [Riley,  C.  V.J    Information  wanted.     <Amer.  Ent.,  December, 

1869-January,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  96. 
Answertoinquiry  of  M.  A.  Kendall;  hahits  o{ Xylocojya  Carolina  [=  ro'jf/wica], 
Uhyssa  \j=Tlialessa\  lunator,  and  Spectrum  \^=^ Diapheromera'\  femorata. 

1112.  IRiLEY",   C.   V.J     The  Cecropia  moth,    Attacus   cecrojna,   Linn. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  February,  1870,  v.  2,  pp.  97-102,  fig.  59  [bisJ-67. 
Descriptions  aud  figures  of  larva,  cocoon  and  imago  of  Attacus  cecropia ; 
figure  of  pupa;  descriptions  of  egg  and  of  young  larva  at  its  several 
stages;  nomenclature,  food-plants,  aud  parasites;  its  value  as  a  silk-worm  ; 
figures  aud  descriptions  of  Opidon  macrurum,  Exorista  cecropioj  n.  sp.,  and 
Chalcis  [=  Sjjilochalcis'i  marice  n.  sp. ;  figui-e  of  larva  of  Ophion  macrurum  and 
of  cocoons  of  Cryptusnuvcius;  habits  of  these  parasites;  Exorista  cecropia} 
considered  a  variety  of  E.  militaris  l=Nemoi'(ea  leucania'']. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  129 

1113.  Riley,  C.  V.     Report  of  the  committee  on  entomology.     Read 

.  .  .  before  the  Missouri  State  IlorticuUural  Society.  <  A.mer. 
Ent.,  February,  1870,  v.  2,  pp.  lOG-109.  Reprint :  <2d  Ann. 
Rept.  State  Eut.  Mo..  March,  1870,  pp.  5-8,  13-15. 

See  No.  ir27  for  synopsis  of  contents. 

1114.  [Riley,  C.  V.J     Silk-worm  eggs.     <Amer.  Eut.,  February,  1870, 

V.  2,  p.  109. 

Seveuty-eijjbt  packages  of  silk-worm  eggs,  valued  at  $.-^00  per  package  and 
weighing  two  tons,  shipped  from  Yokohama  to  France  via  California  and 
the  Pacific  Railroad. 

1115.  Riley,  C.  V.     Imported  insects  and  native  American  insects. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  February,  1870,  v.  2,  \)p.  110-112,  tig.  72-75. 
Reprint:  <2d   Ann.  Rept.  State  Ent.  Mo.,  March,  1870,  pp. 
8-12. 
See  No.  1127  for  synopsis  of  contents. 

111(3.  [RiLEY,  C;  v.]     The  trumpet    grape-gall,   Vitis  viticola  O.  S. 
<Amer.  Eut.,  February,  1870,  v.  2,  pp.  113-114,  fig.  76. 
Figure  of  the  gall  of  Cecidomyia  vitis-viticola.     C.  v.-lituiis  a  synonym;   oc- 
currence of  similar  gall  in  England  on  Tilia  probably  caused  by  mitea. 

1117.  [Riley,  C.  v.]     The  goat-weed  hutter^y,  Paphia  glyceriumBou- 

bleday.     <Amer.  Ent.,  February,  1870,  v,  2,  pp.  121-123,  tigs. 
81-83.     Reprint,  with  slight  changes.     <2d  Ann.  Rept.  State 
Eut.  Mo.,  March,  1870,  pp.  124-128,  figs.  94-90. 
See  No.  1127  for  synopsis  of  contents. 

1118.  [Riley,  0.  v.]  Insects  injurious  to  the  grape-vine.  No.  5.  <Amer. 

Eut.,  February,  1870,  v.  2,  pp.  123-124,  fig.  84.     Reprint,  with 
slight  changes.     <2d  Ann.  Rept.  State  Eut.  Mo.,  March,  1870, 
pp.  78-79,  fig.  54. 
Treats  of  Thyreus  abbotii;  see  No.  II27  for  synopsis  of  contents. 

1119.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Scorpion  in  Kansas.     <Amer.  Ent.,  February, 

1870,  V.  2,  p.  12G. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  K.  Kelsey  ;  occurreuce  of  Buthits  carolhiianus  in  Texas, 
Missouri,  and  Kansas. 

1120.  [Hiley,  C.  v.]    The  grain  Bruchus  of  Europe  just  imported. 

<Anier.  Ent.,  February,  1870,  v.  2,  pp.  120-127,  fig.  85. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  S.  Fuller;  notice  of  the  recent  importation  into 
New  York  of  the  European  Bruchus  granarius;  danger  of  and  remedy  for 
such  importation;  habits  and  ravages  of  and  means  against  the  beetle  iu 
Europe  asdescribed  iu  J.  Curtis's,  '"Farm  Insects;"  tigureof  the  imago  and 
of  infested  beans;  figures  of  larva,  pupa,  and  imago  of  B.  pisi  and  of  in- 
fested pea. 

1121.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Locust  borer.     <Amer.  Ent.,  February,  1870, 

V.  2,  pp.  127-128,  figs.  86-89. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  M.  Shaffer  ;  habits,  food-plants,  seasons,  and  ravages 
of  and  means  against  Xyleuteiil=  C'o8«««]  robiniw;  figures  larva,  impa.  aud 
male  and  female  imagos. 
9  ENT 


130  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1122.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Eggs  of  snowy  tree-cricket  on  raspberry  canes. 

<Amer.  Eut.,  February,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  128. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  B.  Root;  oviposition  of  and  means  against  Qi^canthus 
niveus. 

1123.  [Riley,   C.  V.]    Spotted  rove-beetle.     <Amer.  Ent.,  February, 

1870,  V.  2,  p.  128. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Huggins ;  habits  of  Stajyhylinus  mactdosus  and  of  rove- 
beetles  in  general. 

1124.  [RiLEY',  C.  v.]    Raspberry  gouty  gall.     <  Amer.  Ent.,  February, 

1870,  V.  2,  p.  128,  fig.  90. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  Carpenter;  ravages  of  and  means  against  Agrilus 
riificoUis ;  description  and  figure  of  larva. 

1125.  [RiLEY,   C.   v.]     Parasitic  cocoons.     <Amer.   Ent,   February, 

1870,  V.  2,  p.  128,  fig.  91. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  C.  Brackett;   figures  cocoons  and  conjectures  as  to 
tbe  habits  of  lAlicrojjlitis  ceratomice  var.  aciHOsus'\. 

1126.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     The   pigeon   Tremex  in   apple.     <Amer.   Ent., 

February,  1870,  y.  2,  p.  128. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Huggins;  habits  and  food  plants  of  Tremex columba  ' 
description  of  imago;  Rhyssa  1=  Thale8sa'\  lunator  destroys  the  larva. 

1127.  Riley,  C.  V.     Second  annual  report  on  the  noxious,  beneficial, 

and  other  insects  of  the  State  of  Missouri,  made  to  the  State 
Board  of  Agriculture,  pursuant  to  an  appropriation  for  this 
purpose  from  the  legislature  of  the  State.  <5th  Ann.  Kept. 
State  Board  of  Agric.  for  1869,  March,  1870,  pp.  136  4  6, 99  figs. 
Separate:  < Jefferson  City,Mo.,  March,  1870,  pp.  136+6, 99  figs. 

contents. 

Preface 3 

noxious  insects. 

Report  of  the  committee  on  entomology  of  the  State  Horti- 
cultural Society 5 

Noxious  insects  less  injurious  in  Missouri  in  1869  than  usual,  5 — 
The  army-worm  and  the  grain  plant-louse  considerably  injurious 
in  Missouri  in  1869,  5 — The  chinch-bug  and  the  codliug-moth  less 
injurious,  6 — A  species  of  Thrips  destroying  great  numbers  of  the 
Curculio,  6 — Eggs  of  the  apple-tree  plant-louse  destroyed  by  in- 
sect foes  and  birds,  6 — According  to  Dr.  Hull  the  "scab  "  in  ap- 
ples is  caused  by  the  apple-tree  plant-louse,  7 — The  jjickle-worm 
doing  great  damage  during  1869,  7 — Importance  of  preventing 
the  introduction  of  injurious  insects,  7 — Cultivation  causes  in- 
sects to  multiply  unduly,  8 — More  attention  paid  in  Europe  to 
injurious  insects  than  in  this  country,  8. 
Imported  insects  and  native  American  insects 8 

The  imported  currant-worm  much  more  injurious  than  the  native, 
8 — Other  instances  showing  the  greater  destructiveness  of  im- 
ported insect  enemies  than  of  their  native  representatives,  9 — Al- 
most all  our  worst  insect  pests  and  pernicious  weeds  have  been 
introduced  from  Europe,  10 — Few  American  insects  and  plants 
have  become  naturalized  in  Europe,  11 — The  American  fauna  and 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  131 

1127.  KiLEY,  C.  V. — Continued. 

flora  not  so  highly  improved  and  doveh>pt'd  as  in  Europe,  12— 

Australian  fauna  still  more  "  old-fashioned  "  than  America,  I'J 

Tho  parasites  of  injurious  insects  aro  not  imported  with  the  in- 
sects themselves,  13 — Government  aid  shouM  he  solicited  to  ex- 
terminate recently  imported  injurious  insects,  13 — But  little 
attention  given  so  far  by  our  Government  to  assist  the  study  of 
economic  entomology,  14 — Danger  of  introducing  the  oyster-shell 
bark-louse  into  Missouri,  15 — Immunity  of  the  Pacific  States 
from  many  of  our  fruit  insects,  15. 
The  ciiinch-bug,*  liUssus  Icucopterus 15 

It  is  the  most  injurious  of  all  insects  infesting  grain,  1(5— Its  past 
history,  17;  it  was  known  in  South  Carolina  in  Revolutionary 
times,  17;  it  was  injurious  in  Missouri  as  early  as  1854,  17;  no- 
ticed in  Illinois  in  1S40,  17;  it  was  very  injurious  in  Missouri  in 
1868,  17;  but  hardly  noticed  in  1869,  17 — Probable  reason  why  it 
was  not  noticed  in  Missouri  in  former  times,  18 — Why  it  is  not 
injurious  in  Massachusetts  and  New  York,  18 — Its  natural  his- 
tory, 18 — The  pupa  state  in  the  diflferent  insect  orders,  18 — Time 
required  for  different  insects  to  complete  the  cycle  of  develop- 
ment, 19 — The  chinch-bug  is  two-brooded  in  Missouri,  19 — Its 
winter  quarters,  20 — Its  rapid  multiplication,  20 — Dr.  Shimer's 
account  of  its  nuptial  flights,  21 — It  deposits  the  eggs  under- 
ground on  the  roots  of  the  plant,  21 — The  egg,  22 — Dimorphous 
forms  of  the  chinch-bug,  22 — Its  destructive  powers,  22 — Account 
of  its  appearance  in  immense  numbers,  23 — Heading  off  the 
marching  bugs  by  a  barrier  of  pine  boards,  23 — Heavy  rains  de- 
structive to  the  chinch-bug,  24 — Moisture  injurious  to  the  egg, 
24 — The  chinch-bug  is  always  worse  in  a  dry  season  than  in  a  wet 
one,  24 — Dr.  Shimer's  theory  on  epidemic  disease  affecting  the 
chinch-bug,  25 — Cannibal  foes  of  the  chinch-bug,  25;  several 
species  of  ladybirds,  25;  the  weeping  lacewing,  26;  how  the 
lacewing  larva  seizes  its  prey,  26;  the  insidious  flower-bug,  27; 
the  common  quail,  28 — Amount  of  damage  done  by  the  chinch- 
bug,  28 — Remedies,  28— Burning  in  winter  the  old  corn-stalks 
and  other  dead  stuff  on  and  near  the  fields,  29 — Mixing  winter 
rye  among  spring  wheat,  29 — Intercepting  the  marching  bugs 
by  fence-boards,  29 — Sowing  gas-lime,  30 — Other  remedies,  30 — 
Bogus  chinch-bugs,  31 — Several  species  of  Heteroptera  con- 
founded with  the  true  chinch-bug,  31 — The  smell  emitted  by  the 
half-winged  bugs,  32 — The  insidious  flower-bug.  32 — The  ash- 
gray  leaf-bug  and  its  injury  to  grape-vines,  33 — The  flea-like 
negro-bug,  33;  injury  caused  by  it  to  raspberry,  strawberry,  and 
garden  flowers,  34— Two  other  species  of  negro-bug,  '.ib — Reca- 
pitulation of  the  natural  history  of  the  chinch-bug,  36. 
The  army-worm,  Leucania  unipuncta ^ 

Four  distiuct  caterpillars  designated  as  army-worms  in  this  coun- 
try, 37. 
The  tent-caterpillar  of  the  forest,  Clisiocampa  disstria 37 

It  can  not  properly  be  called  an  army-worm,  37. 
The  cotton- worm,  Alefia  xi/lina 37 

Historical  data  on  the  injury  caused  by  it,  38 — The  egg,  :W — The 
worm  and  its  habits,  39 — Mr.  Lyman's  incorrect  account  of  its 
development,  39— The  moth  and  its  habits,  40-Its  hibernation, 
40 — Remedies,  41. 
•  Extract  in  <Rept.  State  Board  Agric,  Kansas  for  l»73-'74,  pp.  129-13L 


132  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1127.  Riley,  C.  V.— Continued. 

The  Southern  grass-worm,  Laphtjgma  frugiperda 41 

It  resembles  iu  habits  the  veritable  army-worm,  41. 
The  true  array-worm 41 

Its  past  history,  41 — Rev.  Powers's  account  of  its  invasion  in  the  New 
England  States  in  1770,  42 — Accounts  of  later  invasions  previous 
to  1861,  4;^ — Years  of  its  appearance  in  Illinois,  43 — The  invasion 
of  the  year  1861,  44 — Its  appearance  in  Missouri  in  1869,  44 — Its 
sudden  appearance  and  disappearance,  45 — Reason  for  the  ap- 
parently sudden  appearance,  45 — Army-worm  years  are  wet  with 
the  preceding  year  dry,  46— Reason  for  the  increase  and  decrease 
of  the  number  of  worms,  46— Its  natural  history,  47 — Previous  ac- 
counts.of  its  natural  history,  47 — When  the  eggs  are  laid,  47 — 
Where  they  are  laid,  48 — Misdirected  instinct  in  insects  and 
birds,  48 — Exceptions  to  the  normal  habit  of  the  worm,  48 — Color 
of  the  worm,  49 — The  chrysalis  and  imago,  49 — Parasites,  50  ; 
the  red-tailed  Tachina-fly,  50 ;  its  beneficial  work,  50 ;  it  in- 
fests also  other  insects,  50  ;  Walsh's  description  of  the  fly,  51 ;  it 
has  been  redescribed  as  Exorista  osten  sackenii,  51 ;  the  yellow- 
tailed  Tachina-fly,  51  ;  description  of  the  fly,  51;  the  glassy  Me- 
sochorus,  52;  the  diminished  Pezomachus,  52;  the  military 
Microgaster,  52;  the  purged  Ophion,  53;  the  army-worm  Ich- 
neumon-fly, 53 — Habits  of  the  army-worm  and  suggestions  for 
its  destruction,  53 — Burning  grass  meadows  iu  winter  or  early 
spring,  54 — Plowing  late  iu  the  fall,  54 — The  marching  of  the 
worms,  54 — Plants  they  prefer,  54 — They  become  beneficial  by 
devouring  the  chess  in  the  fields,  55 — Ditching,  55 — Description 
of  the  insect  as  larva  and  imago,  56. 

Insects  infesting  the  sweet-potato 56 

Tortoise-beetles 57 

•  The  clubbed  tortoise-beetle  affects  the  Irish  potato,  56 — Its  gen- 

eral appearance,  57 — Characteristics  of  tortoise-beetles,  57 — 
Merdigerous  habits  of  tortoise-beetles  and  others  of  the  same 
family,  58 — General  appearance  of  the  larvie,  58 — Their  dang 
parasol,  59 — Larval  molts,  59 — Egg  of  tortoise-beetles,  60 — The 
chrysalis,  60 — Habitsof  and  injury  done  by  the  beetles,  60 — Rem- 
edies, 61. 

The  two-striped  sweet-potato  beetle,  Cassida  hlvitlata 61 

It  seems  to  be  confined  to  that  plant,  61 — The  larva  and  the  use  of 
its  fork,  61 — Its  j)npa  and  imago.  61. 

The  golden  tortoise-beetle,  Coptoctjcia  aiirichahea .'..         62 

Food-plants  and  characteristics  of  the  larva,  62 — Brilliant  color  of 
the  beetle,  62. 

The  pale-thighed  tortoise-beetle,  Coptocycla  aurichalcea 62 

It  is  hardly  distinguished  from  the  foregoing  species,  62. 

The  mottled  tortoise-beetle,  Coptocycla  guttata 63 

Characteristics  of  the  beetle,  63;  of  the  larva,  63. 

The  black-legged  tortoise-beetle,  Cassida  nigripes 63 

Characteristics  of  the  imago  and  larva,  63. 

The  pickle-worm,  Eudioplis  nitidalis 64 

Other  insects  infesting  cucurbitaceous  vines 64 

The  squash-borer,  64 — It  seems  to  be  confined  to  the  Eastern  States, 
64 — The  striped  cucumber-beetle,  64 — Injury  done  by  the  beetle, 
64  ;  by  the  larva,  65 — The  larva  and  pupa,  65 — Number  of  annual 
generations,  65 — Remedies,  66 — Extent  of  the  injury  caused  by 
it,  66 — The  12-spotted  Diabrotica,  66. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  133 

1127.  EiLEY,  C.  v.— Continued. 

The  pickle- worm 67 

Characteristics  and  description  of  the  worm,  67 — Its  habits,  67 — 
Characteristics  of  the  moth,  68 — Accounts  of  injury  done  by  the 
worm  in  Missouri  and  Illinois,  69  ;  in  other  portions  of  the  coun- 
try, 70 — It  was  not  known  before  as  injurious,  70 — Remedy,  70. 

Insects  injurious  to  the  grape-vixk 71 

The  hog-caterpillar  of  the  vine,  Ampelophaija  viyron 71 

The  egg,  71— Characteristics  of  the  larva,  71 — Its  habits  when 
about  to  transform,  72 — The  chrysalis  and  imago,  72 — It  is  one- 
brooded  North  and  two-brooded  farther  South,  72— It  is  very  in- 
jurious, 73 — The  Microgaster  parasite  and  its  development,  73 — 
Habits  of  caterpillar  infested  with  the  parasite,  73. 
The  acbemou  Sphinx,  Philamptlus  achemoii 74 

Appearance  and  habits  of  the  larva,  74 — The  chrysalis,  75— The 
insect  is  single-brooded,  75 — The  moth  and  its  issuing  from  the 
pupa-shell,  75 — No  parasites  known,  76. 
The  satellite  Sphinx,  Philampclitu  j)andoru!i 76 

How  to  distinguish  its  larva  from  that  of  the  foregoing  species,  76 
— Development  of  the  larva,  76 — Variations  in  color  of  the  larva, 
77 — Its  position  when  at  rest,  77 — The  moth,  78. 
The  Abbot  Sphinx,  Thyreits  abbotii 78 

Its  distribution,  76 — The  larva  varies  much  in  color,  78 — The  chrys- 
alis and  imago,  79. 
The  blue  caterpillars  of  the  vine 79 

The  eight-spotted  forester,  Alypia  octomacnlata,  80 — Larva  pre- 
viously mistaken  for  it,  80 — Habits  and  characteristics  of  the 
larva,  80 — Harris's  description  of  the  larva,  81 — The  moth,  81 — 
Mr.  Andrews's  account  of  its  ravages,  81 — Remedies,  82. 

The  beautiful  wood  nymph,  Eudri/afi  grata,  83 — Characteristics  of 
the  moth,  83 — Close  resemblance  between  the  larva  of  this  and 
the  foregoing  species,  83 — The  differences  pointed  out,  83 — De- 
velopment of  the  insect,  83. 

The  pearl  wood  nymph,  Eudryas  unto,  83— It  greatly  resembles  the 
beautiful  wood  nymph,  83 — Its  probable  larva,  84 — Practical  im- 
portance of  distinguishing  these  closely  allied  species,  84. 
The  American  Procris,  Harrisina  amerieana 85 

Work  of  its  larva,  85— Description  of  full-grown  larva,  86— The 
moth,  86— It  is  not  very  destructive,  86 — Two  annual  broods  of 
the  insects,  86 — Parasite  of  the  American  Procris,  87. 
The  new  grape-root  borer,  Prionus  laticollis ^ 

Correction  of  opinion  formerly  expressed,  87. 

The  broad-necked  Prionus,  87— Duration  of  the  larva  state,  87— 
Its  transformation,  88 — It  bores  also  in  apple  roots,  88— Great 
damage  done  by  the  borer,  88 — No  good  remedy  known,  88. 

The  tile-horned  Prionus,  Prionm  imbricornis,  89— How    it  differs 
from  the  foregoing,  89— Its  occurrence  on  prairie  land,  90— Small 
dimorphous   male   form,  90— The  larva  subsists   also  upon  the 
roots  of  herbaceous  plants,  90 — Practical  considerations,  91. 
The  grape-seed  maggot,  hosoma  vitis ^ 

The  grape-seed  Curculio  larva  of  the  first  report  is  that  of  a  hymen- 
opterous  insect,  92— The  perfect  insect  is  closely  allied  to  the 
joint-worm  fly,  92— Mr.  Saunders'  account  and  description  of  the 
imago,  93. 


134  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1127.  RiLEY,  C.  V. — Continued. 

The  canker- wo  rm,  Paleaerita  vernata :  Anisopteryx  pometaria 94 

The  .eggs,  94 — The  larva  and  larval  changes,  95 — Importance  for 
the  orchardists  to  recognize  the  true  canker-worm,  95 — The  im- 
ported elm  leaf-beetle  mistaken  for  it,  95 — Description  of  the 
larva,  96 — Its  food-plants,  96— The  chrysalis,  96— Only  one  an- 
nual brood  in  the  latitude  of  St.  Louis,  97 — The  moth  and  its 
varieties,  97 — It  is  less  injurious  in  Missouri  than  in  the  Eastern 
States,  97 — Remedies,  98 — Classification  of  remedies  proposed, 
98— The  trough  and  bandage  systems,  99 — Muriate  of  lime  as 
remedy,  100— Jarring  the  tree,'  101 — Late  fall  plowing,  101 — 
Summer  plowing,  102^Efficiency  of  hogs,  102 — Enemies,  102; 
birds,  mites,  and  parasites,  102;  ground-beetles,  103;  the  fraternal 
potter-wasp,  103. 

Cabbage- WORMS 104 

The  Southern  cabbage  butterfly,  Pieris  protodice 104 

Its  geographical  range,  104 — Injury  caused  by  it  in  Missouri,  104  • 
— Description  of  the  larva,  105 — The  chrysalis  and  imago,  105 — 
Habits  and  other  food-plants,  105. 

The  potherb,  butterfly,  Pieris  olearacea,  105 — It  is  a  Northern  spe- 
cies, 105 — It  will  very  likely  never  occur  in  Missouri,  106 — Geo- 
graphical range  of  insects  principally  influenced  by  temperature, 
106 — Isentomic  lines,  106 — Southern  insects  found  near  St.  Louis, 
106. 

The  imported  cabbage  butterfly,  Pieris  rapce,  106 — Amount  of  dam- 
age caused  by  it  in  Canada,  107 — Its  spread  westward,  107 — It 
will  undoubtedly  spread  to  St.  Louis,  107 — The  insect  in  Eu- 
rope, 107 — History  of  its  introduction,  107 — The  insect  in  its  dif- 
ferent stages,  108 — Its  food,  108 — Remedies,  109 — Parasites,  109. 
The  cabbage  Plusia,  Plusia  brassica^ 110 

Characteristics  and  habits  of  the  larva,  110— Its  transformations, 
111 — Remedies,  111 — Description  of  larva,  chrysalis,  and  imago, 
111 — A  similar  worm  occurring  on  thistles,  112. 
The  zebra  caterpillar,  Mamestra  picta 112 

Habits  and  characteristics  of  the  larva,  112 — The  chrysalis  and 
the  moth,  113 — Two  annual  broods,  113 — Food-plants,  113. 
The  tarnished  plant-bug,  Lygus  pratensis 113 

Injury  caused  by  it  to  various  trees  and  plants,  114 — It  is  a  very 
variable  species,  114 — Its  development,  114 — No  effective  remedy 
known,  115 — Preventive  measures,  115. 
The  philenor  swallow-tail,  Papilio  philenor 116 

Its  food-plant,  116 — Damage  done  by  it,  116 — Characteristics  and 
development  of  the  larva,  116 — Description  of  the  larva,  117 — 
The  pupa,  117 — The  imago,  117 — Prevention,  118. 
The  COTTONWOOD  dagger,  Acronycta  lepuscidi)ia 119 

General  appearance  of  the  larva,  119 — Two  annual  broods,  119 — 
Chrysalis  and  moth,  119 — Larvse  of  other  species  belonging  to 
the  genus  Acronycta,  119 — Parasites,  120 — Description  of  larva 
and  imago,  120 — Characters  and  habits  of  other  species  of  the 
same  genus,  121. 
The  Missouri  bee-killer,  Proctacanthus  viiliertii 121 

The  true  scienti  fie  name  of  the  Nebraska  bee-  killer,  121 — Wing-veins 

of  the  genera  Asilus,  Promachtis,  and  Erax,  122 — Description  of 

the  Missouri  bee-killer,  122— How  to  destroy  the  flies,  123 — Habits 

and  life-history  of  Asilus-flies,  123— Description  of  larva  and  pupa 

of  Erax  hastardi  (?),  124 — Synonymical  notes  on  the  imago,  124. 


i;ii;liogkai'iiv  of  economic  EiNTumoluuy.  135 

1127.  Riley,  C.  V.— Coutiiiued. 

INNOXIOUS  INSECTS. 

The  goat-wekd  butterfly,  Paphia  ghjcerium 125 

Its  geographical  distiibiuion  and  positiou  in  classilication.  12.V— Its 
food-plaut,  125— Habits  of  the  larva,  r26-Larval  changes,  126— 
Conformity  in  the  color  of  the  larva  with  that  of  the  l.-aves, 
127— Description  of  the  full-grown  larva,  127-Transformation 
of  the  larva  to  chrysalis,  127-The  two  sexes  of  the  imago,  127— 
Hibernation,  126. 

The  black  breeze-fi,y,  Tabanus  atratus 128 

Breeze-flies  beneficial  in  the  larva  state,  128— Tormenting  power 
of  breeze-flies,  128-Their  mode  of  fligjit,  129-Our  knowledge 
of  their  larval  character  and  habits,  129— General  characters  of 
the  larva  of  the  black  breeze-fly,  129— It  is  semi-aquatic,  129— 
Walsh's  description  of  the  larva,  130— Habits  and  food  of  the 
larva,  l:}0— Its  transformations,  131— Description  of  the  pupa, 
131— Probable  habits  of  breeze-fly  larv*  on  the  Western  prai- 
ries, 132. 

Galls  .made  by  moths 132 

The  false  lxdigo  gall-moth,  walahia  amorphella 132 

The  gall  and  its  structure,  132— Genern.1  appearance  of  the  larva 
and  the  moth,  133— Description  of  larva  and  imago,  133. 

The  misna-Med  gall-moth,  Euryptychia  saligneana 134 

Is  it  a  true  gall-maker  or  an  inquiline?,  134— Walsh's  description 
of  the  larva,  134— Description  of  the  imago,  134— Generic  char- 
acters, 134— Reasons  why  the  insect  is  an  intruder  and  not  a  gall- 
maker,  134— Enumeration  of  the  known  gall-making  moths,  135 — 
How  the  gall  is  formed,  135. 

1128.  [RiLSY,  C.  v.]    Mr.  Walsh's  portrait.    <Amer.  Ent.,  March,  1870, 

V.  2,  p.  129. 

Remarks  accompanying  the  portrait  of  B.  D.  Walsh :  resolutions  passed  on 
the  death  of  Walsh  by  the  London  branch  of  the  Entomological  Society  of 
Ontario  ;  by  the  American  Entomological  Society,  the  Illinois  State  Horti- 
cultural Society,  and  by  the  Kansas  State  Horticultural  Society. 

1129.  Riley,  C.  T .    The  plum  Curculio,  Conotrachelm  nenuphar  Herbst. 

< Amer.  Ent.,  March,  1870,  v.  2,  pp.  130-137,  fig.  93. 
Paper  read  before  the  Illinois  State  Horticultural  Society  at  its  14th  annual 
meeting;  summary  of  esta,blished  facts  and  discussion  of  mooted  points  in 
the  life-history  of  CoHO<;-ac7ie/H8  nenuphar;  seasons,  haliits,  transformations, 
food-plants,  enemies  of  and  means  against  the  same ;  descriptions  and 
figu.es  of  larva  and  imago;  figure  of  pupa:  hibernation  and  the  eflijcts  of 
climate  on  the  prolongation  of  the  life  of  insects. 

1130.  Riley,  C.  V.    Insects    injurious    to    the    grape-vine.    No.    6. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  March,  1870,  v.  2,  pp.  150-1.53,  figs.  100-102. 
Reprint,  with  .slight  changes  :  <2d  Ann.  Rept.  State  Ent.  Mo., 
Marcli,  1870,  pp.  80-82,  fig.  55. 
Treats  of  Alypia  octomaculata ;  see  No.  1127  for  synopsis  of  contents. 


136  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1131.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Pithy  blackberry  gall.     <Amer.  Eut.,  March, 

1870,  V.  2,  pp.  159-160,  fig.  103. 
Answer  to  inrxuiry  of  C.  W.  ["  S.  C."  J  Spauidiug  ;  descriptions  and  figuresof 
larva  and  gall  oi  Diastrophus  nebulusus;  ligure  of  pupa;  seasons,  food- 
plant,  guest-fly  IPerlcUsliis  si/lvestris'],  and  parasite  \^Eurytoma  dlastrojjhi] 
and  means  against  this  species;  the  genus  X>tas<roj>/n/.s  confined  to  Rosa- 
cea?, Cynips  to  Cupiiliferw  and  Antistrophus  to  Compositce. 

1132.  [Riley,  0.  V.]     Clover- worms.     <Amer.  Ent.,  March,  1870,  v.  2, 

p.  160. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  Pauls ;  geographical  distribution,  food-habits,  ver- 
nacular names  and  synonymy  of  and  means  against  Asopia  costalis. 

1133.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Seed  ticks  under  bark  of  apple-trees.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  March,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  160. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  O.   B.   Galusha ;  character  of  insects  as  regards  the 
number  of  legs  ;  occurrence  of  Ixodtn  uniptmctata  under  outer  bark  of  ap- 
ple-trees at  Morris,  111. 

1134.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Parasitic  cocoons.     <Amer.  Eut.,  March,  1870, 

V.  2,  p.  160. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  W.  Beckworth ;  occurrence  of  a  mass  of  cocoons  of 
IMicroplitii^  ceratomio?  var.  actaosus'\  under  red-oak  at  South  Pass,  111. 

1135.  [Riley,  C.  V.J    Is  any  knowledge  useless?    <Anier.  Ent.  and 

Bot.,  April,  1870,  v.  2,  pp.  164-166. 
Reprint  of  article  from  Manufacturer  and  Builder,  November,  1869  ;  minute 
investigations  in  science  may  be  of  great  practical  importance;  cases  in 
which  a  knowledge  of  life-history  of  Galeruca  calmariensis  l^xanthomelcena^, 
Conotrachelus  nenuphar,  and  Lymexylon  navale  was  or  might  have  been  of 
great  value. 

1136.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Tomato  fruit-worm.     <Amer.  Eut.  and  Bot., 

April,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  172. 
Notice  of  statement  by  J.  J.  Weir  that  Reliothis  armigera  was  bred  from 
larvae  which  fed  on  the  fruit  of  tomato  in  England;  food-plants  of  this  in- 
sect. 

1137.  Riley,  C.  V.    Insects  injurious  to  the  grape-vine.    No.  7.    <Amer. 

Ent.  and  Bot.,  April,  1870,  v.  2,  pp.  173-174,  figs.  107-108. 
Reprinted,  with  slight  changes,  from  <2d  Ann.  Rept.  State 
Ent.  Mo.,  March,  1870,  pp.  85-87,  figs.  58-59. 
Treats  of  Procris  [=flan*t8irea]  americatia;  see  No.  1127  for  synopsis  of  con- 
tents. 

1138.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     The  death  web  of  young  trout.     <Amer.  Ent. 

and  Bot.,  April,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  174. 

Reprint,  with  review,  of  Seth  Green's  ''An  ^nemy  to  young  trout;"  young 
trout  and  young  white-fish  killed  by  the  web  of  an  unknown  aquatic  larva, 
probably  one  of  the  caddis-flies  ;  habits  of  the  larvje  of  Fhryganeido'.  See 
No.  1160. 

1139.  fRiLEY,  C.  v.]    "  Scab  "  in  apple  V.  apple-tree  plant-lice.   <Amer. 

Ent.  and  Bot.,  April,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  178. 

Notes  the  freedom  of  apple-trees  in  1870  from  the  eggs  of  Aphis  mali,  and 
the  opportunity  to  test  the  question  of  the  connection  of  these  insects  with 
the  "scab." 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  137 

11-40.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]  Insects  uained.  <Amer.  But.  and  Bot,  April, 
1870,  V.  2,  p.  ]  70. 
Answer  to  imiuiry  of -M.  llobart;  identification  of  several  insects;  food- 
plantaof  Grapla  comma,  Geometra  l=Zerenc'\  cateiiaria,  Serica  respcrtina,  and 
Tetraopes^^-maculatus;  geograpliicul  distribution  of  (^rajjfa  comma;  descrip- 
tion of  larva  of  Ecpantheria  scribonia. 

1141.  [Riley,  0.  V.]     Supposed  trout  enemy.     <Amer,  Ent.  and  Bot., 
April,  1870,  v.  2,  pp.  179-180. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  F.  Mather;  identification  of  several   insects;  habits 
and  occurrence  of  Capnia  minima:  occurrence  of  Piophila  caaei  and  PHnus 
brunneus  at  Honeoye  Falls,  N.  Y. 

1112,  fRiLEY,  C.  Y.j  -  Food  for  trout.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot,  April, 
1870,  V.  2,  p.  180. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  Seth  Green  and  Collins:  with  knowledge  of  the  char- 
acter of  the  worms  which  forms  a  desirable  food  for  young  trout,  it  may 
be  possible  to  suggest  some  method  of  propagating  the  worms  artificially. 

1143.  [RiLEY,  C.  v.]     Hair-snakes.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,   April, 

1870,  V.  2,  p.  180. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  W.  M. ;  parasitic  habits,  abodes  and  prolificacy,  and 
classificatory  relations  of  Gordius  variiia  and  G.  aquations. 

1144.  [RiLEY,  C.  v.]     Egg-sack  of  some  unknown  spider.     <Amer. 

Ent.  and  Bot.,  April,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  180. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  Eugelmann  ;    figure  of  egg-sack  of  Epeira  sp.  ? 

1145.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Do  worker  bees  sting   the  drones   to  death ! 

<Anier.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  April,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  180. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  M.  W.  V. ;  there  is  no  good  reason  to  doubt  that  worker 
bees  sting  the  drones  to  death  when  the  mission  of  the  latter  is  ended. 

1146.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Red  spider.    <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  April,  1870, 

V.  2,  p.  180. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  R.  H.  Warder ;  Trombidium  [=  Tetranychua']  telarius  im- 
ported from  Europe  ;  size,  color,  and  abodes  of  and  means  against  the  same. 

1147.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Insect  named.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  April, 

1870,  V.  2,  p.  180. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  M.  Barrett;  food-habits  of  Psocus  venosutt  and  other 
Psocidce. 

1148.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]    To  destroy  plant-lice.     <Amer.  Enl.  and  Bot., 

April,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  180. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  B.  F.  Lazear ;  means  against  Aphididce  on  house  plants. 

1149.  [Riley,  O.  Y.]     Raspberry  root  gall.    <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot., 

April,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  181,  fig.  110. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  K.  Parsons ;  description  and  figure  of  gall  of  Rhoditea 
radicum  occurring  on  roots  of  Roaavew;  genera  of  parasites  raised  from  it; 
interest  of  the  question  of  the  manner  and  extent  of  parasitization  of  this 
gall. 

1150.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Spined  slug- worm.    <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot,,  April, 

1870,  V.  2,  p,  181. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  L.  G.  Saflfer  and  A.  R.  Bodley  ;  brief  description  of  the 
larva  of  Limacodea  sp. 


138  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1151.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Apple-tree  insects.    <Amer.   Ent.   and  Bot., 

April,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  181. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  L.  Camfield  ;  identification  of  specimens  and  directions 
for  the  destruction  of  Orgijia  leucostigma  and  Phycita  nebulo  l=Acroba8ii 
indiginella^. 

1152.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     IiJ^ative  apple-tree  bark-lice.    <Amer.  Ent.  and 

Bot,  April,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  181,  fig.  111. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  C.  Hammoud ;  food-plants  of  and  means  against 
Diaspis  harrisii  [=  Cliionaspis  furfurus]  ;  figure  of  infested  twig  of  apple  ; 
the  presence  of  enemies  and  parasites  prev'ent  this  species  becoming  a 
formidable  pest. 

1153.  [Riley,  O.  V.]    The  hedge-hog  caterpillar.     <Araer.  Ent.  and 

Bot.,  April,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  182,  fig.  112. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  Burt ;  descriptious  and  figures  of  larva  and  imago 
of  Arctia  [  =  Pyrrliarctia']  isaheUa  ;  figure  of  pupa  and  cocoon  ;  habits  and 
hibernation ;  its  larva  and  that  of  Ecpantheria  scrihonia  called  "  fever- 
worm,"  and  ignorantly  supposed  to  cause  malarial  fevers;  food-habits  of 
Horinus  [=  Merinusi  Icevis. 

1154.  [Riley^,  C.  v.]     Chick-weed  Geometer.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot., 

April,  1870,  V.  2,  p.  182. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Huggins;  identification  of  specimens;  reference  to 
account  of  Bcematopis  grataria  ;   Cermaiia  forceps  common  in  houses  in  the 
latitude  of  St.  Louis,  Mo. ;  the  sulphur  remedy  for  canker-worms  absurd. 

1155.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Bean- weevil.    <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  April,  1870, 

V.  2,  p.  182. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  W.  Copley;  specimens  identified;  occurrence  and 
ravages  of  Bruchus  obsoJetus  in  Illinois. 

1156.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Bag- worm  at  South  Pass,  111.     <Amer.  Ent.  and 

Bot.,  April,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  182. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  H.  Baker ;  occurrence  of  Thyridopieryx  ephemerce- 
formis  at  South  Pass,  111. ;  importance  of  its  destruction. 

1157.  [Riley%  C.  v.]     Eggs  of  oblong-winged  katy-did.     <Amer.  Ent. 

and  Bot.,  April,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  182. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  D.  Ladd  ;  diiferences  between  the  eggs  of  Phyllop- 
tera  [=  Avibhjcorypha']  oblongifolia  and  those  oi  Plaiyphylluin  [_=^Cyrtophyl- 
?M8]  concavus ;  the  former  occur  on  currant  and  various  trees. 

1158.  [RiLEY"^,   (J.   v.]     Insects   iujurious  to   the   grape-vine.     J^o.   8. 

<Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  May,  1870,  v.  2,  pp.  208-209,  fig.  127. 
Reprint,  with  slight  changes:  <3d  Ann.  Kept.  State  Ent.  Mo., 
April,  1871,  pp.  61-63,  fig.  24. 
Treats  of  Desmia  maculaUs;  see  No.  1301  for  synopsis  of  contents. 

1159.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    The  periodical  Cicada  alias  the  17-year  and  13- 

year  locust.     <Ainer.  Ent,  and  Bot.,  May,  1870,  p.  211. 

Quotes,  from  the  1st  Ann.  Kept.  State  Ent.  Mo.,  the  localities  in  which  Cicada 
[=:  Tibicen'\  septendecim  and  C.  [^=  T.  ]  tndecim  will  appear  in  1870,  with  re- 
quest for  reports  of  the  occurrence  of  these  insects.     * 

1160.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    The  death-web  of  young  trout.    <Amer.  Ent.  and 

Bot.,  May,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  211. 
Supplementary  to  No.  1138;  the  larvae  mentioned  belong  to  the  genus  <Si- 
mulium. 


lilHLlOCiKAlMIV    OK    ECOXOMlt"    ENTOMOLOGY.  139 

llGl.  [KiLEY,  C.  Y.J     Worms  under  mulch  hay.     <Amer.  Eiit.  aud 
Bot.,  May,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  212. 
Answer  to  iaquiry  of  J.  F.  Flagg;  description,  season,  liabitH,  and  ravages 
of  and  means  against  the  larv;v  of  Tipula  sp. 

1162.  [liiLEY,  C.  Y.]     A  new  pear-tree  insect.     <Amer.  Ent  and  Bot., 

May,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  212,  fig.  129. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  J.  Ayres;  food-habits  and  ravages  of  and  means 
against  PJatyceru8  quercua;  figure  of  imago. 

1163.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Apple-twig  borer.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  May, 

1870,  V.  2,  p.  212. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  B.  Myers;  Boatrichiis  [^^  Jmphicertis'i  bicaudatuH  hores 
into  the  axil  of  limbs  of  pear-trees. 

1164.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     Cocoons  of  polyphemus  moth.     <Amer.  Ent. 

and  Bot.,  May,  1870,  v.  2,  212.' 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  J.  Duulap  ;  cocoon  of  Attacus  [=  Teleal  poh/phemns 
found  on  Morello  cherry-tree. 

1165.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     Galls  on  supposed  dock.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot., 

May,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  212. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  V.  Summers;  Gelechia  gallw-soUdaginis  forms  galls  on 
stems  of  Solidago;   Gastrophysa  [^=:  Gaatroidea ]  cyaiiea  breeds  on  Rnmex. 

1166.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     Mossy  rose-gall.    <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot,  May, 

1870,  V.  2,  p.  213,  fig.  130. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  M.  Locke;  description  of  gall,  larva,  and  imago  of 
Bhodites  rosw;  figure  of  the  gall;  description  of  a  parasitic  larva. 

1167.  [Riley%  C.  Y.]     Punctures  on  the  rose-twig.     <Amer.  Ent.  and 

Bot.,  May,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  213,  tig.  131. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  W.  Copley  ;  punctures  in  rose-stem  ;  eggs,  probably 
of  a  cricket,  imbedded  in  pitli  of  the  same  ;  description  of  the  egg  aud  figure 
of  injured  stem. 

1168.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     Snout-beetle.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  May,  1870, 

V.  2,  p.  213. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  Mary  Treat ;  Hylobiua  confusus  a  timber  borer  and  usu- 
ally in  pine. 

1169.  [Riley,  C.  Y.J     The  oyster-shell  bark-louse  in  Missouri.     <  Amer. 

Ent.  and  Bot.,  May,  1870,  v.  2,  pp.  213-2U,  tig.  132. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  B.  P.  Hanan  ;  occurrence  of  Aspidiotus  conchiformis 
\_^Mi/(ila8pi8 2>omorum']  in  Missouri;  importance  of  the  thorough  extirpa- 
tion of  the  insect;  figure  of  a  piece  of  bark  infested  by  the  same. 

1170.  [Riley,  C.  Y.J     The  pod-like  willow-gall.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot, 

May,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  2U,  tig.  133. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  R.  Muhlenian ;   description  and  figure  of  the  gall  of 
Cecidomyia  salicis-siUqiia  •  figure  of  larva;  food-plants,  synonymy,  and  de- 
scription of  the  pupa  of  the  same. 

1171.  [Riley,  C.Y.J    Bee-nest    <  Amer.  Ent  and  Bot,  1870,  v.  2;' May, 

p.  214,  fig.  134;  September,  p.  307. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  R.  Muhleman;  description  and  figure  of  larva  nf 
ProHopis  affinis  in  hot,  low  currant-stem;  probability  that  Ceratina  dupla 
breeds  twice  a  yea^. 


140  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1172.  [RiLEY,'C.  v.]     Beetles  named.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  May, 

1870,  V.  'J,  p.  214. 

Auswer  to  inquiry  of  S.  V.  Summers;  specimens  identified;  difference  be- 
tween Canthon  Iwvis  and  C.  chalcites. 

1173.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     Great  discovery :  Curculio  extermination  possi- 

ble! <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  June,  1870,  v.  2,  pp.  225-227. 
]!^otice  :  <Cultivator  and  Country  Gentleman,  9  June,  1870,  v. 
35,  p.  361. 
Reprint  of  articles  by  J.  E.  Chamberlain  and  Mrs.  H.  Wier  on  the  destruction 
of  the  Curculio  ;  letter  from  W.  B.  Ransom  ;  criticism  of  the  same  ;  means 
against  Conotraclielus  nenuphar ;  distinctions  between  C.  nenuphar  and  An- 
thonomus  qiiadrigibhua. 

1174.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]    The  death-web  of  young  trout.     <Amer.  Ent. 

and  Bot.,  June,  1870,  v.  2,  pp.  227-228,  figs.  143-144. 
Value  and  progress  of  fish-culture  ;  habits  of  SimuUum  piscicidium,  with  the 
observations  of  Seth  Green  and  Sara  J.  McBride;  figures  larva  and  pupa 
of  S.  piscicidium  and  the  imago  of  S.  molestum. 

1175.  [RiLEY,C.Y.]   Insects  injurious  to  the  grape-vine.   15^0.9.  <Amer. 

Ent.  an^  Bot.,  June,  1870,  v.  2,  pp.  234-235,  fig.  148.     Reprint, 
with  slight  changes :  <3d  Ann.  Rept.  State  Ent.  Mo.,  April, 

1871,  pp.  G5-68,  fig.  27. 

Treats  of  Pterophorua  [:=  Oxyptilusl  periscelidactylus ;  see  No.  1301  for  synopsis 
of  contents. 

1176.  [RiLEY,  C.  Y.J     The  apple  Curculio.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot., 

Juue,  1870,  V.  2,  p.  243,  fig.  152. 
Figures  of  the  imago  of  Anthonomus  quadrigiiius. 

1177.  [RiLEY,  0.  Y.]     The  new  Curculio  remedy.     <Amer.  Eut=  and 

Bot.,  June,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  243. 
Results  of  experiments  in  the  use  of  Ransom  chip-trap  for   Conotrachelus 
nenuphar. 

1178.  [KiLEY,  C.  Y.]     Tarantula  of  Texas.     <Amer.   Ent.   and  Bot., 

June,  1870,  V.  2,  p.  244. 

Answer  toinquiry  of  L.  J.  Stroop;  the  ^gwve  of  My  gale  lientzii  g\\&n.  in  volume 
one  is  somewhat  incorrect. 

1179.  [Riley,  C.  Y.j     Ailanthus  silk- worm  naturalized.     <Amer.  Ent. 

and  Bot.,  Juue,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  244. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  S.  Fuller;  introduction  and  naturalization  of  Atta- 
cus  cynihia. 

1180.  [RiLEY^,  C.  Y.  ]      Cypress-gall.      <Amer.  Ent.   and  Bot.,  June, 

1870,  V.  2,  p.  244,  tig.  153. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  P.  Stelle;  description  and  figures  of  gall  and  descrip- 
tion of  gall  and  imago  of  Cecidomyia  cupressi-ananassa  n.  sp.  on  cypress; 
figures  breast-bone  of  the  larva. 

1181.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     Tent-caterpillar  of  the  forest.     <Amer.  Ent.  and 

Bot.,  June,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  245. 
Answer  to  the  inquiries  of  A.  M.  Brown  and  J.  H.  Evans ;  habits,  food-plants, 
and  ravages  of  Cliaiocampa  sylvatlea  [=rfissfr«f  ]  and  C.  americana. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  141 

1182.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Worm-boring  into  peach.    <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot., 

June,  1870,  v.  2,    p.  245. 
Answer  to  inquiries  of  W.  C.  Flagg,  A.  C.  Haiunioiul,  and  M.  M.   Hooton  ; 
food-plants  and  description  of  larva  of  Xylina  cinerea  l^^Lithophane  anten- 

vaia']. 

1183.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Insects  named.        <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  June, 

1870,  V.  2,  p.  245. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  Engelnianj  descriptions  of  Sinilia  auriculata  apd 
Memhracis  am2}elop>iidis ;  both  species  common  on  grape-vines. 

1184.  (Riley,  C.  V.]     Lice  on  '^ snow-balls.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot., 

June,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  245. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  Mrs.  C.  L.  Seymour;  means  against  Aphldido'. 

1185.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Twig-borer.    < Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  June,  1870, 

V.  2  p.  245,  fig.  154. 
Answer  to  inquiries  of  S.  H.  Kriedelbaugh  and  G.  F.  Merriam ;  figures  of 
male  and  female  Bostrichus  [:=Joijj/iicej-Hs]  bicaudatus,  which  bore  iuto  the 
axils  of  grape-buds. 

1186.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Bee  enemy.    <Amer.Ent.  and  Bot.,  June,  1870, 

V.  2,  p.  245. 

Answer  lo  ini[uiry  of  F.  Brewer ;  StaplujUnus  maculosus,  found  eating  a  bee, 
IS  rather  a  scavenger  tbau  an  insect  of  prey. 

1187.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Knots  on  apple-tree  roots  caused  by  root-lice. 

<Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  June,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  246. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  B.  N.  McKinstry ;  ravages  of  and  means  against  Schi- 
zoneura  lanigera  on  roots  of  young  apple-trees. 

1188.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Beetles  named.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot,  June, 

1870,  V.  2,  p.  246. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  W.  Df^niells;  Ithycerm  noveboracensis  injures  apple- 
leaves. 

1189.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Bag-worm.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  June,  1870, 

V.  2,  p.  246. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  M.  M.  Hooten  ;  occurrence  of  young  larva  of  Thyridop- 
teryx  ephemeraformis  on  peach-trees;  manner  in  which  they  carry  their 
cases. 

1190.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     XJie  larder-beetle.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  June, 

1870,  V.  2,  p.  246. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  H.  Kriedelbaugh;  food-habits  and  description  of  the 
larva  and  imago  of  Derinestva  lardariitH. 

1191.  [Rlley,  G.  V.l     Water-bug.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  June,  1870, 

■  V.  2,  p.  246. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  H.  Harrington;   habits  anil  description  of  nanatia 
fmca. 

1192.  [Riley,  C.  V.J     Gregarious  worms  on  horse-chestnut.     <Amer. 

Ent.  and  Bot.,  June,  187X),  v.  2,  p.  246. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  R.  Howard;  oviposition,  food-plant,  and  parasite 
of  Tortrix  [=  Cacoecia'\  rileyana. 

1193.  [Riley,  G.  V.J     Pupa  of  the  disippus  butterfly.    <Amer.  Ent.  and 

Bot.,  June,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  246,  tig.  155. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  Montgomery  ;  figure  and  colors  of  pupa  oi  Limenitia 
disippus ;  food-plants  and  hibernations  of  larva. 


142  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1194.  [Riley,  0.  V.]     Prickly-rose  gall.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  June, 

1870,  V.  2,  p.  24C. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Cochrane  and  J.  P.  Stelle ;  brief  description  of  the 
gall  of  Bhodites  bicolor  on  wild  rose. 

1195.  [BiLEY,  C.  v.]    Insects  feeding  on  sap  of  black-walnut.    <Amer. 

Ent.  and  Bot.,  June,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  246. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  M.  Barrelit ;  food-habits  of  Psociis  venosus. 

1196.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Locust-borer.    <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  June,  1870, 

V.  2,  p.  246. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  "Arbor;"  means  agaiust  Arhopalus  [^  Cyllenel  robiuia'. 

1197.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     To  exterminate  cockroaches.     <Amer.  Ent.  and 

Bot.,  June,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  246. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  R.  F.  Weitbree ;  means  against  cockroaches. 

1198.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    The  white-lined  morning  Si)hinx.    {BeilepMla  lin- 

eata,  Fabr.)     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  July-August,  1870,  v.  2, 
pp.  257-258,  figs.  162-164.     Reprint,  with  additions  and  slight 
changes  :    <3d  Ann.  Rept.  State  Ent.  Mo.,  April,  1871,  pp. 
140-142,  figs.  60-62. 
Treats  of  Deilephila  lineata ;  see  No.  1301  for  synopsis  of  contents. 

1199.  [Riley,  C.  V.J     Descriptive  entomology.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Boi., 

July-August,  1870,  v.  2,  pp.  258-261.     Abstract:  <Cultivator 
and  Country  Gentleman,  6  April,  1871,  v.  36,  p.  218. 
Critical  review  of  a  remark  by  J   A.  Lintner ;  calculation  of  the  cost,  labor, 
and  extent  of  a  work  containing  the  description  and  figure  of  every  ex- 
isting species  of  insect. 

1200.  [Riley,  C.  v.]     The  tent-caterpillar  of  the  forest.     {Clisiocampa 

sylvatica,  Harr.)  <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  July-August,  1870, 
V.  2,  pp.  261-266,  figs.  165-168.  Reprint,  with  additions  and 
slight  changes:  <3d  Ann.  Rept.  State  Ent.  Mo.,  April,  1871, 
pp.  121-129,  figs.  52-54. 
Treats  of  Clisiocampa  sylvatica  1=:  disstria']  ;  see  No.  1301  for  synopsis  of  con- 
tents. 

1201.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    The  Ransom  Curculio  remedy.    <Amer.  Ent.  and 

Bot.,  July-August,  1870,  v.  2,  pp.  268-271. 
Discussion   of  the  efficacy  of  the  Ransom  chip-trap  against  Conotrachelva 
nenuphar  ;  extracts  from  and  criticism  of  articles  by  E.  S.  Hull,  W.  B.  Ran- 
som, and  others  on  this  subject. 

1202.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Insects   iujurious  to  the  grape-vine.    No.  10. 

<Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  July-August,  1870,  v.  2,  pp.  272-273, 
fig.  170.     Reprint,  with  additions  and  slight  changes.     <3d 
Ann.  Rept.  State  Ent.  Mo.,  April,  1871,  pp.  68-69,  fig.  28. 
Treats  of  Spilosoma  virginica;  see  No.  1301  for  synopsis  of  contents. 

1203.  [Riley,  C.  v.]    The  Walsh  entomological  cabinet.    <Amer.  Ent. 

and  Bot.,  July-August,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  275. 

Remarks  on  the  purchast?  and  disposal  of  the  entomological  collection  of  B. 
D.  Walsh. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  143 

1204.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     The  currant- worm !     < Anier.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  July- 

August,  1870,  V.  2,  p.  275. 
Coinuieuts  upon  the  coufusiug  way  in  which  some  horticultural  pnhlications 
treat  of  </ie  carraut-\v«)nii,  without  discrimiuation  of  species. 

1205.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Water  larva.    <Amer.  Eut.  aud  Bot.,  July-Au- 
-      gust,  1870,  V.  2,  p.  275. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  F.  Mather ;  hahits  of  the  larvic  of  Eplumeridce. 

1206.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Large  black  potato- beetles.     <Aiiier.  Ent.  and 

Bot.,  July- August,  1870,  v.  2.  p.  275. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  R.  S.  Elliott;  Epicauta  corvhmf  injuring  potato-vines 
in  Kansas. 

1207.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Destroying  cherry  plant-lice.     <Amer.  Ent.  and 

Bot.,  July-August,  1870*  v.  2,  p.  275. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  C.  Braekett ;  means  against  J/(/cms  cerasi. 

1208.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Caterpillars  on  grape-vines.     <Amer.  Ent.  and 

Bot.,  July-August,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  275. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  A.  Watson  ;  larvje  of  Alypia  octoniaculata  and  Aero- 
nycta  ohlinita  found  on  grape- vines ;  food-plants  of  the  latter  species. 

1209.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Ash-gray  blister-beetle.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot., 

July-August,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  275. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  P.   H.   Foster;  Lytia  cinerea  1=  Macrobasia  unicolor'\ 
feeding  on  the  three-thorned  Acacia. 

1210.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Specimens  lost.     <Amer.  Eut.  aud  Bot.,  July- 

August,  1870,  V.  2,  p.  276. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  H.  Roberts;  food-habits  and  description  of  larva  of 
Gortyna  uitela  and  of  an  undetermined  moth  on  peach-trees. 

1211.  [Riley,  C.  v.]    White  willow  worm.   <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  July- 

August,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  276. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  H.  K. ;  food-plants  and  description  of  larva  of  and 
means  against  Xematus  ventralis. 

1212.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     Bark-lice  on  grape-vine  and  raspberry  saw-fly. 

<Amer.  Ent.  aud  Bot.^  July-August,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  276. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  Thompson  ;  Lecanium  [^  I'ulvinaria'\  vitis  common  on 
grape-vines  in  Europe  and  North  America;  its  oviposition  and  occurrence 
in  Illinois;  description  and  means  against  the  larva  of  Selandria  {_=  Mono- 
phadmiH'}  rubi. 

1213.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Apple-tree  borer ;  variations  in  the  two-striped 

Saperda.     <Amer.  Eut.  aud  Bot.,  July-August,  1870,  v.  2,  p. 
276. 

Answer  to  iuijuiry  of  D.  B.  Wier;  colorational  variations  in  Saperda  birittata 
[^candidal;    abundance  and  ravages  of  Capsus  oblineatiiH  [^^Lygnn  pra- 

1214.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    The  plum  Curculio  breeds  in  apple.    <Anier. 

Ent.  and  Bot.,  July-August,  1870,  v.  2,  j).  276. 
Answer  inquiry  of  E.  Leming;   Covotrachel us  nenuphar  hreeda  in  the  fruit  of 
apple. 


144  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1215.  [Riley-,  C.  V.]    Cecropia  worm.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  July- 

August,  1870,  V.  2,  p.  276. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  F.  Thompson;  occurrence  and  ravages  of  the  larva 
o£  Attacus  cecropia  on  apple-trees. 

1216.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Gigantic  rhinoceros  beetle.     <Amer.  Ent.  and 

Bot.,  July-August,  1870,. v.  2,  p.  276. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  L.  G.  Safter;  variations  in  coloration  of  Dynastes  htyus. 

1217.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Roman-nosed  pupa.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot., 

July-August,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  276. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  D.  Van  Winkle;  food-habits  of  Limenitis  Ursula  and 
L.  disijypus ;  the  j)upte  of  the  two  species  are  alike. 

1218.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    The  onward  march  of  the  Colorado  potato-bee- 

tle.    A  word  to  our  Canadian  neighbors.     <Amer.  Ent.  and 
Bot.,  September,  1870,  v.  2,  pp.  289-291,  fig.  181. 
Remarks  on  the  spread  of  Dorypliora  decemlineata  into  Ontario,  and  means  of 
checking  it;  efficacy  and  proper  use  of  Paris  green  ;  other  remedies  ;  Lebia 
grandis  a  natural  enemy  of  the  larvte. 

1219.  [Riley,  C.V.J  The  tarnished  plant-bug.    {Capsusoblineatus^^iiy). 

<Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  September,  1870,  v.  2,  pp.  291-293,  fig. 
182.  Keprinted,  with  additions  and  slight  changes,  from  <2d 
Ann.  Rept.  State  Ent.  Mo.,  March,  1870,  pp.  113-115,  fig.  83. 

Treats  of  Capsus  ohlineaius  l=Lygus  pratensisi ;  see  No.  1127  for  synopsis  of 
contents. 

1220.  [Riley,   C.   V.]    Osage    orange    for    the  mulberry   silk-worm. 

<Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  September,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  293. 

Reprint  and  critical  review  of  S.  Cornaby's  article  on  the  above;  imj)ortant 
articles  should  not  be  published  anonymously. 

1221.  [Riley,  C.  V.]      Insects  injurious  to  the  grape-vine.    No.  11. 

<Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  September,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  295,  fig.  185. 
Eeprint  with  slight  changes.     <3d  Ann.  Rept.  State  Ent.  Mo., 
April,  1871,  pp.  77-79,  ftg.  34.    • 
Treats  of  Pelidnota  punctata;  see  No.  1301  for  synopsis  of  contents. 

1222.  [Riley,  C.   V^.]     The  slug  on  pear  and  cherry  trees.    <Amer. 

Ent.  and  Bot.,  September,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  296. 
Reprint  and  critical  review  of  "  Addi  "  on  the  above  ;  ravages  of  and  means 
against  Selandria  1=  Eriocampa~\  cerasi. 

1223.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Appendix  to  joint- worm  article  published  in  vol. 

1,  No.  8  <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  September,  1870,  v.  2,  pp.  296- 
297. 

Introduction   to   and   explanation   of  the   preparation   and   iJublication  of 

Walsh's  Eurytomides.     See  No.  384. 

1224.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Entomology  indeed  run  mad !     <Amer.  Ent.  and 

Bot.,  September,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  305. 
Critical  review  of  Mark  Miller's  article  on  the  currant-worm  ;  Nematus  ven- 
tricosus  [=j'i&esii]  confounded  with  Eujifchia  ribearia. 

1225.  [Riley,  C.  V.J    Red  spider.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  September, 

1870,  V.  2,  p.  305. 

,  Ravages  and  transformations  of  Tetranychus  telarlus. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  145 

1226.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Insects  named.    <Amer.  Eut.  iiiul   Bot.,  Sep- 

tember, 1870,  V.  2,  p.  306. 

Answer  to  iuquiry  of  J.  K.  Kidd  ;  food-habits  of  Sllplin  peltata  l=anierkaiia  | 
and  allied  forms,  of  Calomma  scrutator  and  of  Laphria  [=  2>o«^//i«]  thoracica] 
uiiniicry  between  Laphria  and  Jiombua  and  its  use. 

1227.  [Riley,    C.   V.]     Caterpillar  of   white-marked    tussock    moth. 

<Amer.  Ent.  aud  Bot.,  September,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  306,  li<;^.  186. 
Answer  to  inquirj^  of  G.  C.  Brackett;  liguro  of  larva  and  diiscription  of 
imago  of  Orgyia  leucostu/ma ;  posture  of  male  iu  repose;  habits  of  fi-malo; 
Saperda  bivittata  1^=^ Candida'^  usuall;  ])erishes  if  it  has  not  changed  to  a 
pupa  before  the  death  of  the  tree;  Chrysobothris  femorata  lives  for  weeks 
on  dead  wood. 

1228.  [Riley,  0.  V.]     Does   the   apple  Curcnlio   go  underground  to 

transform  ?     <Amer.  Eut.  and  Bot.,  September,  1870,  v.  2,  p. 
306. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  Muir;  Anthonomus  quadrigibbua  transforms  within 
the  fruit ;  it  does  not  attack  stone  fruit. 

1229.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Waluut   caterpillars.     <Amer.  Ent.   aud  Bot., 

September,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  306. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  M.  Levette ;  seasons,  habits,  and  food-plant  of  aud 
means  against  Datana  sinistra  ;  description  of  larva. 

1230.  [Riley,  C.  V.J     Striped   blister-beetle.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot., 

September,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  306,  fig.  187. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  Gait;  means  against  Epicauta  vittata  and  other  Me- 
loidcB  on  potato  vines;  figure  of  Epicauta  vittata. 

1231.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Grape-viue  Fidia.    <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  Sep- 

tember, 1870,  V.  2,  p.  307,  fig.  188. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.   Hetzel ;  habits,   ravages,  and  food-plants  of  aud 
means  against  Fidia  viticida  ;  figure  of  this  species. 

1232.  [Riley,  C.  v.]     Some  interesting  insects.     <Amer.  Ent.  andBot., 

September,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  307. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  S.  Fuller;  ravages  of  Bruchua  obaoletua  in  Lima  beans ; 
of  Butalia  cerealella  in  flint  corn  iu  stems  aud  of  Lobeaia  l=:^Eudemia'\  bolrana 
in  blossoms  of  blackberry ;  description  of  the  larva  case  of  riii/cita  iiebulo 
[  =Acrubaaia  indiginellaj aud  of  galls  of  Cecidomyia  tnbicola  on  Carya. 

1233.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    The  green  hag-moth.     <Amer.  Eut.  aud  Bot., 

September,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  307. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  B.  Shaw  ;  food-plants,  aud  synonymy  of  Caltochlora 
viridia  1=  Paraaa  chlorisi ;  description  of  larva  aud  imago;  the  larva  do- 
scribed  by  Reakirt  does  not  belong  to  this  species. 

1234.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    The  antiopa  butterily.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot., 

September,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  307. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  S.  Moss;  description  of  larva  and  imago  of  Fa- 
neaaa  antiopa  ;  the  larva  feeds  on  willow;  vernacular  name  and  compara- 
tive abundance. 

1235.  [Riley,   C.   V.J     Rose-gall   aud  pupa  of  archippus  butterily. 

<Amer.  Eut.  and  Bot.,  September,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  307,  fig.  180. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of   L.   li.   Custar;   figure  of  pupa  of  Dunaia  archippua; 
descriptions  of  three  undetermined  galls  on  rose-leaf  formed  by  Jihoditea  sp.f 
10  ENT 


146  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1236.  [Riley,  C..  V.]    White  grnbs  in  strawberry  beds.     <Amer.  Ent. 

aud  Bot.,  September,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  307. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  B.  Miller;  food-habits  of  larva  and  descriptiou  of 
imago  of  Cyclocephala  immaculata. 

1237.  [Riley,  C.  V.j     Larva  of  the  thoas  swallow-tail.     <Amer.  Ent. 

aud  Bot.,  September,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  308. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  H.  Sprague ;  food-plant  and  description  of  larva  of 
Papilio  thoas  l=zcresj)hoittes'\  ;  the  larva  rare  in  Missouri. 

1238.  [Riley,  C  V.]     Larva  of  clubbed  tortoise-beetle.     <Amer.  Ent. 

aud  Bot.,  September,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  308. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  R.  Bodley  ;    Cassida,  Coptocyda  aud  Deloyala  feed  on 
Convolvulacece  with  the  exception  of  Deloyala  l—CoiJtocyclal  vlavata  which 
feeds  on  Solanacew. 

1239.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    The  banded  Ips  in  calyx  of  pear.     <Amer.  Eut. 

and  Bot.,  September,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  308. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  C.  Brackett;  food-habits  and  description  of  Ips 
faseiatus. 

1240.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     The  larder-beetle.     <Amer.  Eut.  and  Bot.,  Sep- 

tember, 1870,  V.  2,  p.  308,  fig.  191. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  F.  S.  Sleeper;  figures  of  larva  and  imago  and  of  mag- 
nified hair  of  larva  of  Dermcstes  lardarius;  ravages  in  collections  of  pre- 
served animals. 

1241.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]    Moth  named.     <Amer.  Ent.  aud  Bot.,  September, 

1870,  V.  2,  p.  308. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  M.  Hale;  description  of  Ctenurlia  latreillana  [  =  (vr- 
ginica]  ;  its  abundance  in  1870  in  the  vicinity  of  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

1242.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     The  little  Cicada.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  Sep- 

tember, 1870,  V.  2,  p.  308. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  O.  Hardeman  ;  occurrence  of  Cicada  \_=Melampsalta'\ 
parvula  in  Missouri. 

1243.  [Riley,  0.  Y.j    The  brown  mantispian.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot., 

September,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  308. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  C.  Bracket ;  Mantispa  hrunnea  common,  prerlaceous, 
and  beneficial. 

1244.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Small  reddish  snout-beetle  on  apple.     <Amer. 

Ent.  and  Bot.,  September,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  30. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Weed;  food-habits  aud  description  of  Anthonoimis 
cratwgi. 

1245.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]    Prickly  rose-gall.     <Amer.  Ent.  aud  Bot.,  Sep- 

tember, 1870,  V.  2,  p.  309,  fig.  192. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  "  Subscriber  ;  "  descriptiou  aud  figure  of  galls  and  de- 
scription of  Bhodites  hicolor. 

124G.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     QuestiQus  answered.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot., 
September,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  309. 

Answer  to  inquiries  of  K.  Parsons;  formation  and  use  of  portable  cases  by 
Tineina ;  habits  and  character  of  the  young  of  Mytilaspia  pomieorticis 
[=2>amorMm]  ;  food-habits  of  ants. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  147 

1247.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Uo'r-ciiterpillar  of  the  vine  infested  with  parasites. 

<Aiuer.  Eut.  aud  Hot.,  September,  1870,  v.  13,  p.  309. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  M.  WiLson  ;  occurreuce  of  larva  of  Uarapna  [     Am- 
pelophaga}  myroti  para.siti/.ed  by  Jpaiilchs  con<jri<jatu8. 

1248.  [Riley,  C.  v.]     Larva  of  Abbot  Sphiux.     <Aiiier.  Eut.  and  i]ot., 

September,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  309. 

Answer  to  iuqniry  of  S.  E.  Todd;  occnrreuce  of  larva  of  Thijieus  abbulii  on 
grape-vine ;  means  against  the  same. 

1249.  [Riley,  C,  V.]    Cecropia  worm.    <Amer.  Eut.  aud  Bot,  Sep- 

tember, 1870,  V.  2,  p.  309. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  G.  Hofraau  ;  occurrence  of  Attacm  cecropia  oui)lnm. 

1250.  [Kiley,  0.  v.]     Flat  headed  borer  in  soft  maples.     <Amer.  Eut. 

and  Bot.,  September,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  309. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  L.  R.  Elliott;  ravages  of  and  means  against  Chnjuo- 
hothris  femorata  on  soft  maple  ;  ravages  of  Arhopahis  [=  Cyllene']  robinicv  ou 
black-locust. 

1251.  [Riley,  C.  V,]     Cherry  plant-lice  and  their  foes.     <Amer.  Ent. 

and  Bot.,  September,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  309,  fig.  193. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  H.  Roberts;  occurrence  on  cherry-trees  of  Jphia 
[=J/^^«s]  cerasi,  aud  of  its  enemies,  the  iarva  of  Flippodamia  convergens 
and  Syrphits  sp. ;  lignre  of  the  larva,  pupa,  and  imago  of  the  former;  posi- 
tions in  which  both  species  transform. 

1252.  [Riley,  C.  V.J     Grape-vine  flea-beetle.    <Auier.  Eut.  aud  Bot., 

September,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  309. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  H.  Roberts  ;  ravages  of  Haliica  chahjhca  ;  means 
against  this  species  and  Selandria  viiis  \^^=  Blennocampa pygma'a'\  on' grape- 
vines. 

1253.  [Riley,  C.  \.\     Bloodsucker  and  pear-slug.     <Amer.  Eut.  and 

Bot.,  September,  1870,  v.  2,  p./309. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  G.  A.  Watson  ;  food-habits  of  Pirates  [^=:  McJanolestes'l 
picipes  and  of  Hemiptera  in  general ;  means   against   Stlandria  [=  Erio- 
cavipal  cerasi. 

1254.  [Riley,  C.  v.]    The  codling-moth.     {Carjwcajysa  pomonella,  Liu- 

uaeus.)     <Amer.  Ent.  aud  Bot.,  October,  1870,  v.  2,  pp.  321-322. 
Reprint:   <3d  Auu.   Rept.  State  Ent.  Mo.,  April,  1871,  pp. 
101-104. 
Treats  of  Carpocapm  pomonella  ;  see  No  1301  for  synopsis  of  contents. 

1255.  [Riley,   C.  V.]     Insects   injurious  to   the  grajie-viue.     Xo.  12. 

<Amer.  Eut.  and  Bot.,  October,  1870,  v.  2,  j)p.  327-328,  figs. 
204-205.  Reprint,  with  slight  changes:  <3d  Ann.  Rept.  State 
Ent.  Mo.,  April,  1871,  pj).  79-81,  figs.  35,30;  Cultivator  ami 
Country  Gentleman,  1  June,  1871,  v.  36,  ]).  343. 
Treats  of  Graptodera  [_^=  Haltica]  chalybea  ;  sec  No.  1301  for  synopsis  of  con- 
tents. 

1256.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     The  fall  army-worm.     <Amer.  Eut.  and  Dot., 

October,  1870,  v.  2,  pp.  328-329,  figs.  206-207. 
Seasons,  food-plants,  aud  ravages  of  Laphyamn  J'rii>iipcrda  ;  figures  larviB  of 
Leucania  itnipuncta  and  Laphygma  frugipvrda ;  comparison  between  the  lat- 
ter and  Heliothis  armigera. 


148  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1257.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    The  rape  butterfly;    our  new  cabbage  pest. 

<Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot,  October,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  338. 
Spread  of  and  means  against  Pieris  rupee. 

1258.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Paris  green  for  the  Curculio.     <Amer.  Ent.  and 

Bot.,  October,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  338. 

luefficacy  of  the  use  of  Paris-green  against  Conotrachelus  nenuphar. 

1259.  [EiLEY,  C.  v.]     Beetles  working  in  wheat,  oats,  and  rye;  the 

grain  Silvauus.    <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  October,  1870,  v.  2,  p. 
339,  fig.  208. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  M.  H.  Boye  ;  figure,  description,  and  ravages  of  Silvan  hs 
surinamensis ;  means  against  the  same  and  against  Calandra  granaria  in 
grain;  habitat  and  probable  origin  of  the  Silvanus. 

1260.  [Riley,  C.V.J    Beetles  in  dried  English  currants.     <Amer.  Ent. 

and  Bot.,  October,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  339. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  V.  Munson ;  Silvanus  surinamensis  breeding  abun- 
dantly in  dried  English  currants. 

1261.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     The  same  in  flouring  mills.     <Amer.  Ent.  and 

Bot.,  October,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  339. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  Blanchard;  abundance  ol  Silvanus  surinamensis  in 
flouring-mills. 

1262.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Carolina  Sphinx.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  Octo- 

ber, 1870,  V.  2,  p.  339. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  K.  Howard;  the  larva  of  Macrosila  \_^^ Protoparcc'\ 
Carolina  feeds  on  tobacco. 

1263.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Insects  clustered  on  apple-trees.    <Amer.  Ent. 

and  Bot.,  October,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  339. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  R.  L.  Ham  ;  habits  and  food  of  Psocus  renosus. 

1264.  [RiLEY',  C.  v.]     Larvae  named.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  October, 

1870,  V.  2,  p.  339. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  W.  Gordon;  stinging  powers  of  the  larvfp  of  Empre- 
tia  stimnlea  and  Hyperchiria  raria  \^=io'\;  Microgaster  sp.  parasitic  upon 
Macrosila  quinquemaculata  [=/Vo<ojjarce  ce/eus]. 

1265.  [RiLEY',  C.  v.]     Mite-gall  on  sugar-maple.    <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot., 

October,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  339. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  Furnas  ;  description  of  gall  of  Acarus  aceris-crumena 
n.  sp.  on  leaves  of  sugar-maple;  similar  mite-galls  occur  on  plum  and 
cherry. 

1266.  [RiLEY,  C.  V.J    Cheese-fly  and  blow-fly.    <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot., 

October,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  339. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  B. ;  skippers  in  cheese  are  larvse  of  Piophila  casei ;  those 
found  in  bacon  of  CalUphora  vomitoria. 

1267.  [RiLEY,  C.  V.J     Fall  army-worm.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  Octo- 

ber, 1870,  V.  2,  p.  340. 
Answer  to  inquiries  of  K.  Kelsey  and  G.  Pauls;  seasons,  ravages,  and  food- 
plants  of  Laphygma  frugiperda  ;  seasons  and  food-plants  of  Leucania  uni- 
puncta. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  149 

1268.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     Larva   of  imperial   iiiotli:    Tlioas  swallow-tail. 
<Ainer.  Eiit.  and  liot.,  October,  1870,  v.  li,  ]>.  340. 

Answer  to  in<iuiry  of  G.  M.  Dodge  ;  larva  of  Ceratocamita  [_—  Eaclea']  imperi- 
<i?i«  feeds  on  maple. 

1L'G9.  [IliLEY,  C.  v.]     Largo  Asilns  fly.     <Anier.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  Octo- 
ber, 1870,  V.  2,  p.  340. 
Answer  to  iiKiuiry  of  L.  G.  Satfer;  food-habits  of  PromacUns  rertibratus,  P. 
l=Erax'\    bastardii,   aud   Aailus   missonriensis   I—  Proctdcnulhim  milbcrtii']; 
occurrence  of  mideteriuined  galls  under  white-oak  trees. 

rj 70.  flliLEY,  0.  v.]     Mole  cricket.    <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  October, 
1870,  V.  2,  p.  .340. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  V.  K.  Deyo ;  habits  of  Grijllotalpa  borealis. 

1271.  [Riley*,  C.  V.]     A  rare  capture  in  Illinois.    <Amer.  Ent.  and 

Bot.,  October,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  340. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  S.  Bontell ;  geographical  distribution  of  Callidryas 
philea  ;  occurrence  of  Thysania  zenobia  in  Iowa. 

1272.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Hag-moth  larva.    <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  Octo- 

ber, 1870,  V.  2,  p.  340,  fig.  209. 
Answer  to  inquiries  of  D.  M.  Hunter  aud  G.  Pauls;  figure  of  larva  and  de- 
scription of  imago  o{  LimacodeH  [_^=  Phobeintm'\  ^itheciuvi ;  larva  found  on 
apple-tree  ;  formation  of  its  cocoon. 

1273.  [Riley,  C.  v.]    Insects  named.    <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  October, 

1870,  V.  2,  p.  340. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  Mrs.  E.  IT.  B. ;  larva  of  Papilio  asterias  feeds  on  pars- 
nip; that  of  Alaria  {_= Rhodophora}  florida  on  evening  primrose;  habits  of 
the  imago  of  the  latter. 

1274.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Some  friends  and  foes.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot, 

October,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  340. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  W.  Spaulding;  food-habits  of  Ilarpactor  [  =  Mil!ian'] 
cinctus,  Mysia  [^Anathl  \b-punctata,  undi  Calosoma  calidiim;  Priotiun  iinbri- 
cornis  bred  from  grape-vine  roots. 

1275.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     The  royal-horned  caterpillar.     <Amer.  Ent.  and 

Bot.,  October,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  340. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  T.   Hodgen  ;  larva  of  Ceratocampa   l=Ciiheronitt'\ 
regalia  found  on  persimmon. 

127C.  [Riley,  C.  V.J  Caterpillars  named.  <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  Oc- 
tober, 1870,  V.  2,  p.  341,  fig.  210. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  H.  King;  food-plants  and  descriptions  of  larv:c  of 
Papilio  asterias  and  of  Acronycta  oblinita;  function  of  the  osmateriuni  of 
the  former;  vernacular  name  aud  figure  of  larva,  cocoon,  and  imago  of  the 
latter. 

12:7.  [Riley,   C.   V.]      The  Abbot  Sphinx  ;    parasites  on  its  larva. 
<Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  October,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  341. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  W.  Gordon;  description  of  Tliyreita  abbotii;  life-hi.s- 
tory  of  Microgaster  sp.  parasitic  on  larva?  of  S[)hingida'. 

1278.  [Riley,  C.V.j     Crane-flies;  rose-bugs;  ants.     <Amer.  Ent.  and 
Bot,  October,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  341. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  W.  Potts ;  food-habits  of  Tipula  sp.  and  of  Mnrro- 
dactylua  aubspinosua;  structure  and  habits  of  the  several  sexes  of  Formicida. 


150  BIBLIOGRAPHY   OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1279.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Ciibbage-worms.     <Ainer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  Octo- 

ber, 1870,  V.  2,  p.  341. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  B.  H.  Foster  ;  ravages  of  and  means  against  Pieris  rapce. 

1280.  [KiLEY,  C.  V.J     The  uuicoru  promiuent.     <Amer.  Eut.  and  Bot., 

October,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  341. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  Payne  ;  description  of  larva  and  imago  of  Notodonia 
\_=^  Coelodasys]  unicornis;  food-plants  and  mimicry  of  the  larva. 

1281.  [BiLEY,  C.   V.\     Insects  injurious  to  the  grape-vine.     No.  13. 

<Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  December,  1870,  v.  2,  pp.  353-359,  figs. 
218-219.    Beprint  with  changes:  <3d  Ann.  Bept.  State  Ent. 
Mo.,  April,  1871,  pp.  84-96,  figs.  37-40.     See:  <Bull.  de  la 
Soc.  Cent.  d'Agric,  1870. 
Treats  of  Phylloxera  vastairix;  see  No.  1301  for  synopsis  of  contents. 

1282.  [BiLEY,  C.  V.J     The  fall  army-worm.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot., 

December,  1870,  v.  2,  pp.  363-365,  figs.  221-223. 
Descriptions  of  egg,  larva,  pupa,  and  imago  of  Prodenia  autumnalis  n.  sp. 
[_=Lapht/gnia  frugiperdal;  variation  of  the  imagos  ;  seasons,  habits,  aud 
ravages  of  and  means  against  the  same ;  figures  of  larva  and  imago  of 
Prodenia  commelincc  and  of  imago  of  Leucania  iimpuncia. 

1283.  [BiLEY,  C.V.J    The  so-called  web- worm  of  youDg  trout.     <Amer. 

Eut.  aud  Bot.,  December,  1870,  v.  2,  pp.  360-367. 
Editorial  remarks  appended  to  S.  J.  McBride's  communication  ;  description 
of  Simulium  piscicidium  n.  sp. 

1284.  [BiLEY,  C.  v.]     Hybrid  between  a  grape-vine  and  a  hickory. 

<Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  December,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  373.* 
Correction  of  error  in  mistaking  a  gall  of  Cecidomyia  vitis-pomum  for  a  hybrid 
fruit. 

1285.  [BiLEY,  C.  V.J    Death  of  noted  entomologists.     <Amer.  Ent.  and 

Bot.,  December,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  373. 
Notice  of  death  of  Julius  Lederer  and  J.  T.   Lacordaire. 

1286.  [BiLEY,   C.   V.J     Osage  orange  for    the    mulberry   silk- worm. 

<Amer.  Eut.  and  Bot,  December,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  373. 

Explanation  of  diff  rences  in  experience  in   feeding  silk-worms  on  osage 
orange. 

1287.  [Riley,  C.V.J     Insects  named.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  Decem- 

ber, 1870,  V.  2,  p.  373. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  Mrs.  M.  Chappellsmith  ;  Astoma  [=  Tromhidium]  locusta- 
rmn  parasitic  on  grasshoppers  ;  similar  mites  on  other  insects  ;  food-habits 
of  Nemobius  vittatus  and  Orocharis  saltator. 

1288.  [BiLEY,  C.  V.J     Locust-borer.     <Amer.  Eut.  and  Bot.,  December, 

1870,  V.  2,  p.  373. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  R.  Howard  ;  seasons  and  method  of  oviposition  of 
Arhopalus  [—  Cyllem']  rohiniie  in   black-locust ;  description   of  eggs  and 
imago  of  the  same. 

1289.  [Riley,  C.  V.J     The  northern  lady-bird ;  its  larva?.    <Amer.  Ent. 

and  Bot.,  December,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  373. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  E.  Billings;  food-habits  aud  description  of  larva  of 
Epilachna  hbrealis. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  151 

1290.  [Riley,  C.  Y]    Not  eggs,  but  parasitic  cocoons.     <Amer.  Ent. 

and  But.,  December,  1870,  v.  ti,  \).  373. 
Auswer  to  inquiry  of  R.  Couch ;  occurrence  aud  true  naturo  of  cocoons  of 
Microgaster  sp.  ou  larva  of  Darapsa  L=  Ampelophaga]  inyron. 

1291.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]    The  cabbage  riutella.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Dot., 

December,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  374. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.E.Bessey;  ravages  of  PlutcUa  crucifemnim  on  cab- 
bages. 

1292.  [Riley,  C.  Y.J    Gigantic  rhinoceros  beetle.    <Amer.  Ent.  and 

Bot.,  December,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  374,  fig.  224. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  "  Subscriber;  "  figure  of  male  and  description  of  the 
male  and  female  of  Dynastes  tityus  ;  distribution  ;  food-habits  of  larva. 

1293.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     Bee-bread  devoured  by  worms.     <Amer.  Ent. 

and  Bot.,  December,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  374. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  L.  C.  Francis;  food-habits  of  i'^j/ie.s/ia  zcw  [_^  interpunc- 
tellaJi  and  Galleria  cereana ;  ravages  of  the  former  in  old  beehives. 

1294.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]    Rape  butterfly.    <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  Decem- 

ber, 1870,  V.  2,  p.  374. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  E.  Cowden;  ravages  of  Pieris  rapw  on  cabbages. 

1295.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]    Grape-leaf  gall.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  Decem- 

ber, 1870,  V.  2,  p.  374. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  C.  Beardslee ;  occurrence  of  PhyUoxera  vasfairix  at 
Painesville,  Ohio. 

1296.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]    Beau  weevil.    <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  December, 

1870,  V.  2,  p.  374. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  Kleinhaus;   ravages  and  distribution  of  Bruchua 
obsoletus. 

1J97.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]    Cabbage  insects.    <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  De- 
cember, 1870,  V.  2,  p.  374. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  R.  Howard;  ravages,  distribution,  and  synonyma 
o{  Plutella  critci/erarum;  first  occurrence  of  6'fmc/iia  [=  .l/«?-i?an^a]  hintri- 
onica  in  Missouri. 

1298.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]    Two-striped  walking  stick.    <Amer.  Ent.  and 
Bot.,  December,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  374. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  R.  Edwards ;  occurrence  of  Spectrum  bii-ittalum  in 
Kentucky. 

12:)9.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     Ladder  spider.     <Amer.  Ent.  and  Bot.,  Decem- 
ber, 1870,  V.  2,  p.  374, 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  L.  G.  Saffer;  explanation  of  the  vernacular  name  of 
Epeira  \_^Argiope'\  riparia. 

1300.  [Rile Y%  C.Y.]     Sugaring  for  moths;  preserving  larvte.    <Amer. 
Eut.  and  Bot.,  December,  1870,  v.  2,  p.  374. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  S.  Boutwell;  occurrence  of  Papilio  thoaa  [=cr€8- 
phonles'\  in  Illinois;  directions  for  the  preparation  of  a  lluid  for  preserving 
caterpillars. 


152  BIBLIOGRAPHY   OP   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1301.  Riley,  C.  V.  Third  annual  report  on  the  noxious,  beneficial,  and 
other  iusects  of  the  iState  of  Missouri,  made  to  the  State  Board 
of  Agriculture,  pursuant  to  an  appropriation  for  this  purpose 
from  the  legislature  of  the  State.  <6th  Ann.  Kept.  State 
Board  of  Agric.  for  1870,  April,  1871,  pp.  176+7,  73  figs.  Sep- 
arate: Jefiferson  City,  Mo.,  April,  1871,  pp.  176+7,  73  figs. 

CONTENTS. 
Preface 3 

noxious  insects. 

SXOUT-BEETLES,  Bhynchophova  .- 5 

The  whole  vegetable  kiuodom  and  every  part  of  each  plant  serve 
as  food  for  insects,  5 — Enumeration  of  insects  afl'ecting  the  dif- 
ferent parts  of  the  apple-tree,  5 — Other  food-habits  of  insects,  7 — 
Vast  extent  of  the  science  of  entomology,  8 — Beauty  and  sim- 
plicity of  classification  in  entomology,  8  —  Each  family  distin- 
guished by  its  general  appearance,  8 — Unity  of  habits  in  each 
family,  9 — Distinguishing  characters  of  snout-beetles,  9 — Their 
lai'Vie,  10 — They  are  among  the  most  injurious  beetles,  10 — In- 
jurious snout-beetles  in  Europe,  11. 

The  common  plum  Cnrculio,  Con otrachelus  nenuphar 11 

It  is  single-brooded,  11— Experiments  to  prove  this  fact,  12— It 
hibernates  as  beetle,  13 — Form  of  the  egg,  13 — Feeding  habits  of 
the  beetle,  13 — Creaking  noise  produced  by  it,  14 — Stridulation 
in  other  insects,  14 — It  is  nocturnal  rather  than  diurnal,  14 — 
Habits  of  the  beetle  at  night,  14 — Eemedies,  15 — The  Eansom 
chip-trai)  process,  15 ;  explanation  of  the  process,  15 ;  it  is  not  so 
successful  as  anticipated,  15  ;  it  is  not  a  new  discovery,  16;  num- 
ber of  Curculios  caught  by  it,  16;  its  success  dependent  on  the 
character  of  the  soil,  17;  directions  for  using  the  process,  17; 
more  experiments  needed,  17 — Offering  premiums  for  collecting 
specimens,  17 — Absurdity  of  the  application  of  Paris  green  for 
the  Cnrculio,  18— Jarring  by  machinery,  18 — The  Hull  Curculio- 
catcher  defective  in  several  respects,  18 — The  Ward  Curculio- 
catcher,  20;  how  it  could  be  improved,  20;  rules  for  using  the 
machine,  21 — Curculio-catcher  invented  by  Claxton  &  Stevens, 
22 — Hooten's  Curculio-catcher,  22 ;  its  advantages  and  mode  of 
operation,  24— Two  true  parasites  of  the  Plum  Cnrculio,  24— The 
Sigalphus  Curculio  parasite,  24 ;  Fitch's  account  of  it,  25;  Walsh's 
doubt  about  its  being  parasitic  on  the  Curculio,  25  ;  experiments 
and  observations  proving  that  it  is  a  parasite  of  the  Curculio, 
25 ;  its  development  and  frequent  occurrence  around  St.  Louis, 
25;  it  attacks  also  other  soft-bodied  larvae,  26  ;  points  in  its  nat- 
ural history,  26;  its  position  in  the  system,  27;  description  of 
the  imago,  larva,  pupa,  cocoon,  and  of  tlie  var.  rufus,  27 — The  Pori- 
zon  Curculio  parasite,  28;  how  it  differs  from  the  foregoing,  28; 
description  of  the  imago,  28— Importance  of  the  work  of  these 
parasites  of  the  Curculio,  29 — Artificial  propagation  and  distribu- 
tion of  parasites,  29. 

The  apple  Curculio,  Anihonomus  quadrigibhus 29 

How  it  differs  from  the  plum  Curculio,  30 — Its  natural  history,  30 — 
Food-plants,  30— The  punctures  it  drills  into  the  fruit,  31 — The 
egg,  31 — The  larva  and  its  habits,  31 — The  larva  transforms 
within  the  fruitj  32 — Amount  of  damage  it  does,  33 — How  its 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OP    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  153 

1301.  ElLEY,  C.  v.— Continued. 

work  in  tlio  fruit  can  bo  (listinguishcil  lioni  that  of  other  insects, 
33— It  is  verj'  injurious  in  Southern  Illinois  and  jiarts  of  Mis- 
souri, 33— It  18  less  injurious  to  apph-s  tlian  the,  plum  Curcnlio, 
33— Injury  done  by  it  to  pears,  33— The  rot  in  apples  principally 
produced  by  it  and  by  the  plum  Curcnlio,  :{4— Season  of  its  ap- 
pearance, 34— Remedies  and  preventive  measures,  34— Descrip- 
tion of  larva  and  pupa,  3;'). 

The  (luince  Curcnlio,  Conotrachchis  cratwgi X, 

Its  food-plants,  35— It  is  very  injurious  to  the  quince  in  the  East, 
36— Dr.  Trimble's  account  of  the  damage  done  by  it,  3(5— How 
the  beetle  differs  from  the  two  preceding  Cnrcnlios,  30— Its  trans- 
formations and  habits,  37— Its  puncture  on  the  fruit,  37— It  hiber- 
nates in  the  larva  state,  37— Its  larva  mistaken  by  Dr.  Fitch  for 
that  of  the  plum  Curcnlio,  38— The  imago  state  lasts  only  two 
months,  38— It  does  not  attack  the  apple,  38— Remedies,  38— De- 
scription of  the  larva  and  pupa,  39. 

The  plum-gouger,  Coccotonis  acutellaris 39 

How  it  ditfers  from  the  preceding  species,  39- Injury  caused  by  it, 
39— Food-plants,  40— It  is  often  mistaken  for  the  plum  Curcnlio, 
40 — Season  of  its  appearance,  40— Holes  bored  by  it  in  the  fruit, 
41 — The  larva  lives  within  the  kernel  of  the  fruit,  41— Remedies,  41 

The  strawberry  crown-borer,  Tyloderma  jragarice 42 

Distribution  of  the  insect,  42 — Injury  done  by  it,  42 — Habits  and 
characters  of  the  larva,  43 — Habits  of  the  beetle,  43— Remedies, 
43 — Parasite,  44 — How  the  larva  difters  from  that  of  the  grape- 
vine Colaspis,  44 — Description  of  the  imago  and  larva,  44. 

The  pea-weevil,  Bnichus  pisi 44 

Insect  enemies  of  the  garden-pea,  44 — Characters  of  the  Bruchidce, 
45 — Habits  of  other  species  of  Bruchidce,  45 — Frequent  occurrence 
of  its  larva  in  green  peas,  45 — Characteristics  of  the  beetle,  46 — 
It  is  in  all  probability  an  indigenous  North  American  insect,  46 — 
The  beetle  does  not  sting  the  peas,  4G — The  eggs  are  fastened  by 
the  female  beetle  on  the  outside  of  the  pod.  47 — The  larva  and 
its  habits,  47 — Its  transformations,  47 — Remedies  and  prevent- 
ives, 48 — Examination  of  peas  intended  for  seed,  46 — Concerted 
action  necessary  to  exterminate  the  insect,  48 — Mr.  SauiUlers's  ac- 
count of  the  occurrence  of  the  pea-weevil  in  Canada,  49 — Other 
preventive  measures,  49 — Birds  destroying  the  insect,  50. 

The  grain  Bruchns,  Brnchus  granariua •'•^ 

Its  introduction  from  Europe,  50 — How  it  ditiers  from  the  pea- 
weevil,  50 — Curtis's  account  of  its  habits  in  Europe,  51. 

The  American  bean-weevil,  Bruchns  fahw .52 

Food-plants,  .52 — Its  geographical  distribution,  52 — Accounts  of 
damage  done  by  it  in  New  York  and  Pennsylvania,  .52 — It  has 
only  lately  become  injurious,  53 — Habits  of  the  larva  and  beetle, 
54 — The  proper  nomenclature  of  the  species,  54 — Description  of 
the  imago,  5.5 — Its  differences  from  allied  species,  55 — Note  on 
descriptions  based  upon  individual  variations,  56. 

The  New  York  weevil,  JthyceruH  noveboraccnhix 57 

Damage  caused  by  it  to  fruit  trees,  .57 — Former  descriptions  of  the 
insect,  57— Its  breeding  habits,  57 — The  pear  blight  not  caused 
by  the  beetle,  58. 

The  imbricated  snout-beetle,  Epiccerus  imbricatus 58 

Injury  done  by  it  to  vegetation,  58 — Its  natural  history  still  un- 
known, 58 — General  appearance  of  the  beetle,  58. 


154  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF   ECONOMIC   ENTOMOLOGY. 

1301.  EiLEY,  C.  v.— Continued. 

The  corn  Spheuopborus,  Sphenophovus  sculptilis 59 

Damage  caused  by  it  to  corn  plants,  59 — Characteristics  of  the 
beetle,  59 — Its  larval  history  still  unknown,  59 — Probable  habits 
of  the  larva,  59 — Walsh's  description  of  the  iniago,  59. 

The  cocklebur  Sphenophorus,  Rhodobanms  I'i-punciatus 60 

It  is  not  injurious,  60 — Coloration  of  the  beetle  and  its  probable 
identity  with  S.  VS-piinctatus,  60 — The  larva,  60 — Enumeration  of 
other  injurious  suout-beetles,  60, 

Insects  injurious  to  the  grape-vine 61 

The  grape  leaf-folder,  Desmia  maculaUs 61 

Its  geographical  distribution,  61 — Generic  characters,  61 — Charac 
ters  of  the  moth,  61 — Sexual  differences,  62 — Habits  of  the  larva, 
62 — Remedy  and  prevention,  62 — Natural  enemies,  62 — Descrip- 
tion of  the  larva,  62. 

The  grape-vine  epimenis,  Psychomorpha  epimevis 63 

Its  larva  formerly  mistaken  for  that  of  the  pearl  wood  nymph,  63 — 
Characters  of  the  moth  and  sexual  differences,  63 — Habits  of  the 
larva  when  about  to  transform,  64 — Its  grape-vine  feeding  hab- 
its formerly  unknown,  64— Description  of  the  larva,  64  ;  of  the 
chrysalis,  65. 

The  grape-vine  plume,  Oxyptilus  jjertaceUdaetylus 65 

Work  of  its  larva  and  of  that  of  the  grape-vine  Epimenis,  65 — Both 
larv;e  rather  beneficial  when  not  too  numerous,  65 — Characters 
of  the  larva,  66 — Peculiar  form  of  the  pupa,  66 — Protective  mim- 
icry of  the  pupa,  67 — Habits  and  appearance  of  the  moth,  67 — Is 
it  single  or  double-brooded,  67. 

The  common  yellow  bear,  Spilosoma  virginica 68 

How  the  young  larvae  differ  from  the  mature  larva  of  the  grape- 
vine plume,  68 — Food-plants,  68 — Color  variations  in  the  larvae, 
69 — The  chrysalis,  69 — The  imago,  69  —Parasite,  69 — Remedy,  69. 

The  smeared  dagger,  Acronycta  obUnita 70 

The  larva  is  polyphagous,  70 — Characters  of  the  larva,  pupa,  and 
imago,  70 — Remedy,  70 — Parasites,  71 — Description  of  imago  and 
larva,  71 ; '  of  the  pupa,  72. 

The  pyramidal  grape-vine  worm,  PyrophiJa  pyramidoides 72 

Distinguishing  characters  of  the  worm,  72 — Its  food-plants,  72 — 
Its  transformations,  72 — It  is  single  or  double-brooded  according 
to  latitude,  73 — Its  closely  allied  congener  in  Europe,  73 — Rem- 
edies, 73 — Description  of  the  larva,  73;  of  the  pupa  and  imago, 
74 — How  it  differs  from  AmpMpyra  pyramidea,  74 — Description  of 
the  larva  and  imago  of  the  spattered  copper  under-wing,  75. 

The  grape-root  borer,  Sciapteron  poVistiformis 75 

Its  distribution,  75 — Distinguishing  characters  of  the  larva,  76 — 
Its  transformation,  76 — Characters  of  the  moth,  76 — Description 
of  the  imago  and  its  sexual  differences,  76 — Work  of  the  larva  on 
grape-roots,  77 — Remedies,  77. 

The  spotted  Pelidnota,  Pelidnota  punctata 77 

It  is  usually  not  injurious,  77 — The  larva  and  its  habits,  78 — The 
beetle,  78 — Description  of  the  larva,  78. 

The  grape-vine  flea-beetle,  Haltica  chalybea 79 

It  is  well  known  to  the  grape-grower  in  Missouri,  79 — Its  distri- 
bution and  food-plants,  80 — Hibernation,  80 — Damage  done  by 
the  beetle  in  spring,  80— The  eggs,  80 — Damage  caused  by  the 
larvae,  80 ;  their  transformation,  80— Remedies,  80 — Description 

of  the  larva  and  pupa,  81. 

t 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  155 

1301.  EiLEY,  C.  v.- Continued. 

The  grape-vine  Colaspis,  Colaspis  flavida Bl 

Fitch's  account  of  the  insect,  82— Varieties  of  the  beetle,  82— The 
larva  in  all  probability  attacks  sometimes  that  of  the  leaf-folder, 
82  — It  lives  on  the  roots  of  the  strawberry,  H-J— Larva  of  tlu^  En- 
ropeau  Colaspisbnrbara,  82— Difference  in  habitsof  larva'  of  allied 
species,  83 — Sinirnlar  characters  of  the  larva  of  the  grape-vine 
Colaspis,  83 — Work  of  the  larva  on  strawberry  roots,  83— Rem- 
edy, 84 — Description  of  the  larva,  84. 

The  grape-leaf  gall-louse,  PhifUoxera  rastatrix 84 

Its  life-history  not  yet  fully  studied,  84— Previous  accounts  of  the 
insect  by  Fitch,  Shimer,  and  Walsh,  85— The  root  disease  in 
France,  85 — The  I'lujUoxera  vaatatrix  recognized  as  the  cause  of 
this  disease,  85 — Identity  of  the  gall-louse  with  the  root-inhabit- 
ing insect,  86 — The  American  and  European  insects  are  identical, 
86 — Remedies  tried  in  France,  86 — The  disease  directly  caused 
by  the  Phylloxera,  87 — Injury  done  by  the  Phylloxera  in  Mis- 
souri, 87 — Forming  of  the  gall,  87 — Propagation  of  the  lice  and 
multiplication  of  the  galls,  88 — The  gall-lice  descend  in  the  lat- 
ter part  of  the  season  to  the  roots,  88 — Change  of  the  insect  after 
passing  from  the  leaves  to  the  root,  88 — Questions  still  to  be  settled 
in  the  life-history  of  the  Phylloxera,  88— Rare  occurrence  of  the 
winged  form,  89 — The  insect" can  be  transported  from  one  place  to 
another  on  roots,  89 — It  hibernates  on  the  roots,  89 — Grape-vines 
that  should  be  planted,  89 — Number  of  indigenous  species  of  the 
grape-vine,  90 — Grape-vines  which  are  most  seriously  infested 
with  the  grape-leaf  louse,  90 — Danger  in  planting  the  Clinton 
among  other  grapes,  91 — Insects  acquiring  different  food-habits 
as  illustrated  in  the  apple-maggot  and  the  pine-leaf  scale,  92 — 
The  ditierent  forms  of  the  grape-leaf  louse,  93 — Discussion  on  the 
proper  place  of  the  insect  in  the  classification,  93 — On  Dr.  Shi- 
nier's  proposed  new  families  Dactylosjyhwridw  and  Lepidoxaphidw, 
93 — Objections  to  Fitch's  specific  name  vitifolUr,  95 — Identity  of 
the  European  with  the  American  insect,  95 — The  apple-root  louse 
is  identical  with  the  woolly  Aphis,  95— The  gall-inhabiting  form 
of  the  Phylloxera  identical  with  the  root-inhabiting  type,  96 — 
Charactersof  the  genus  Phylloxera  and  its  place  ia  the  system,  96. 

The  Coujkado  potato-beetle  again,  Boryphora  lOUneata 79 

Its  onward  march,  97 — It  invades  the  Dominion  of  Canada,  97 — 
How  it  crossed  Lake  Michigan,  97 — It  will  probably  spread 
through  Ontario  Tinless  preventive  measures  are  taken,  98 — Ex- 
cellent chance  to  prevent  its  spread  in  Canada,  9d — The  Paris 
green  remedy,  99 — It  is  eflBcient  if  judiciously  applied,  99— It 
does  not  affect  the  tuber,  99— Natural  checks  to  the  increase  of 
the  potato-beetle,  100— The  great  Lebia  destroying  the  larv:c, 
100— Bogus  experiments,  100— The  true  remedy,  101— How  to 
prevent  the  insect  from  becoming  too  numerous,  101 — Planting 
early  varieties  of  potatoes,  101. 

The  codlixg-moth  agaik,  Carpocapua  pomonella 101 

Hay-bands  around  the  trunk  of  the  tree  more  eftectual  than  rags 
placed  in  the  fork,  102— The  codling-moth  is  single-brooded  in 
the  more  northern  countries,  but  double-brooded  in  the  latitude 
of  St.  Louis,  102— Sexual  differences  of  the  moth,  103— Sexual 
characters  in  the  genera  Argynnis  and  Grapta,  103— The  codling- 
moth  also  infests  peaches,  103. 


156  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1301.  KiLEY,  C.  v.— Continued. 

The  corn- worm  alias  boll-worm,  HeUothis  armigera 104 

Its  geographical  range,  104 — Injury  done  by  it  to  corn,  104 — It  at- 
tacks tomatoes  and  other  i^lants,  105— Food-plants  of  the  stalk- 
borer,  105 — The  egg  of  the  corn-worm,  105 — Mr.  Glover's  account 
of  the  habits  of  the  boll-worm,  106— The  larva  is  very  variable  in 
color,  107— Its  transformations,  107— Number  of  annual  broods, 
107 — Amount  of  damage  done  by  it,  107— Remedies,  108— Attract- 
ing the  moth  by  sweets,  108— Heard's  moth-trap,  109, 

The  fall  army-worm,  Laplnjgma  friigiperda 109 

Reports  of  its  appearance  in  1870,  and  how  it  was  generally  mis- 
taken for  the  true  army-worm,  109— It  was  also  mistaken  for  the 
boll- worm.  111- Injury  caused  by  it,  HI— How  it  differs  from 
the  true  army-worm,  112— It  is  a  very  variable  species  in  the 
imago  state,  113 — The  spiderwort  ow  let-moth,  and  how  it  differs 
from  the  fall  army-worm  moth,  113— Number  of  annual  broods 
and  time  of  appearance  of  the  fall  army-worm,  114— The  eggs 
and  how  they  are  deposited,  114— Preventive  measures,  115— It 
is  never  injurious  during  two  consecutive  years,  115 — Parasitic 
checks,  116 — Description  of  the  imago,  116  ;  of  the  varieties  and 
the  earlier  states,  117. 

The   apple-tree  tent-caterpillar,  or  American  lackey-moth, 

Clisiocampa  americana 117 

The  wt^b-nests  of  the  caterpillar  and  importance  of  their  destruc- 
tion, 118— «The  egg-mass,  118— The  caterpillar  and  its  habits,  119— 
Transformations  of  the  insect,  119— The  imago  very  variable  in 
color,  119— Food-plants  of  the  caterpillar,  120— Remedies,  120— 
Parasites  and  enemies,  120. 

The  tent  caterpillar  of  the  forest,  Clisiocampa  disstria 121 

The  egg-mass  and  how  the  eggs  are  deposited  by  the  female  moth, 
121 — Development  of  the  larva,  122 — Fitch's  description  of  the  full- 
grown  larva,  123 — Confusion  arising  from  want  of  uniform  rule 
in  describing  larvae,  123— The  cocoon,  124— The  chrysalis  and  the 
moth,  124— The  web  spun  by  the  caterpillar,  124— Mr.  Ferris's 
observations  on  differences  in  habits,  appearance,  and  food-plants 
of  the  caterpillar,  125 — Phytophagic  varieties  or  species,  127 — 
Food-plants  of  the  caterpillar,  127 — Its  destructive  powers,  127 — 
Remedies,  128— Natural  enemies  and  parasites,  128— Summary, 
129. 

The  fall  web-worm,  Eyphantria  cnnea 130 

It  is  often  mistaken  for  the  tent-caterpillars,  130 — It  feeds  upon  al- 
most every  kind  of  tree  and  shrub,  130 — The  web  spun  by  the 
worm,  130 — General  appearance  of  the  worm,  130 — The  chrysalis 
and  imago,  131 — Number  of  annual  broods,  131 — Plants  it  pre- 
fers, 131 — How  it  differs  from  the  tent-caterpillar,  132 — Reme- 
dies, 132 — Description  of  the  larva,  132. 

The  blue-spangled  peach-worm,  CalUmorpha  Jecontei 132 

Winter  retreat  of  the  larva,  132 — General  appearance  of  the  larva, 
133 — Chrysalis  and  imago,  133 — CaUimorjiha  vestalis  Packard 
synonymous  with  C.  fulvicosta,  133 — Food-plants,  134 — Descrip- 
tion of  the  larva, 134. 

The  ash  gray  pinion,  Lithophane  cinerea 134 

Food-plants  of  the  larva,  135 — Transformations  of  the  insect,  135 — 
Characters  of  the  moth,  135 — Description  of  larva  and  imago, 
135— Remarks  on  allied  species.  136. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  157 

1301.  EiLEY,  C.  v.— Continued. 

UEXEFICIAL  INSECTS. 

The  glassy-winged  soldikk-uug,  CampyUmcura  vitripennis i:j7 

It  i)reys  upon  (liHVient  species  of  leaf-hoppt-rs,  l:!7 — Its  larva  aud 
pupa,  138 — How  it  seizes  its  prey,  lliS — Coloralion  of  the  insect, 
138— It  was  never  observed  before  to  attack  the  leaf-hoppers  of 
the  grape-vine,  139 — Habits  of  the  I'hytocorida;  139. 
INNOXIOUS  INSECTS. 

The  WHITE-LINED  MORNING  Sphinx,  DcUephila  Uneata 140 

Kesemblauce  of  the  moth  to  a  humming  bird,  140 — Interest  at- 
tached to  the  study  of  lepidopterous  larva-,  140 — Larval  varia- 
tions in  the  same  species,  141 — Food-plants  of  the  larva,  141 — 
The  light  aud  dark  colored  forms  of  the  larva,  142 — Its  geograph- 
ical range,  142 — Parasite,  142. 

Two   OF   OUR   COMMON   BUTTERFLIES 142 

The  archippus  butterfly,  Danain  archippus 143 

Synonymy  of  its  specific  name,  143 — Its  geographical  distribution, 
143 — Characters  of  the  Danaidw,  143 — Sexual  difl'erences,  143 — 
Food-plants,  144 — Hibernation,  144 — Two  annual  broods,  144 — 
Description  of  the  egg,  144— The  larva  and  its  larval  changes, 
145 — How  the  horns  of  the  larva  become  longer  at  each  molt, 
145 — The  full-grown  larva,  146 — Interest  attached  to  the  meta- 
morphoses of  insects,  146 — How  the  larva  becomes  a  chrysalis, 
147 — The  hardened  chrysalis,  147 — Duration  of  the  chrysalis  state, 
147 — The  issuing  of  the  butterfly,  148 — Protective  colors  of  in- 
sects, 148 — Nauseous  odor  of  the  archippus  butterfly  in  all  its 
stages,  149 — The  Tachina-parasite'  of  the  archipjjus  larva,  149 — 
Action  of  the  parasitized  larva,  149 — How  the  Tachina  larva  and 
other  insects  prepare  the  lid  of  their  pnparia,  149— Characters 
of  this  Tachina-fly,  150 — DiflQculties  of  the  study  of  the  Tachi- 
naricv,  150 — Two  forms  occurring  in  Tachina  archippivora,  150 — 
The  butterfly  often  congregating  in  immense  swarms,  151 — Prob- 
able reasons  of  this  assembling  in  swarms,  152. 

The  disippus  butterfly,  Lhnenitis  dmppna 153 

Distinguishing  characters  of  the  Nymphalida;,  153 — Food-plants 
and  geographical  range,  153— The  egg,  153 — Description  of  the 
egg,  154 — Development  of  the  larva,  154 — I)escrij)tion  of  the  ma- 
ture and  young  larva,  154 — The  insect  hibernates  as  young  larva, 
155 — Case  prepared  by  the  larva  for  its  winter  quarters,  1.55 — 
Modifications  of  the  case,  15G— Peculiar  habit  of  the  autumnal 
larvae,  156— Parasites,  157— Tachina-fly,  157— The  Disippus  egg- 
parasite,  157 — The  disippus  Microgaster,  158. 

Mimicry  as  illustrated  by  these  two  butterflies,  with  some  remarks 

on  the  theory  of  natural  selection - 159 

Conformity  of  color  between  animals  and  their  surroundings,  159 — 
Definition  of  the  term  "mimicry,"  160— Pungent  odor  possessed 
by  the  Danaidw,  160— Their  mode  of  flight,  160— Protection  they 
derive  from  their  peculiar  odor.  161 — r'uridw  and  Danaidw  in  the 
valley  of  the  Amazon,  161 — Mimetic  forms  of  r'uridw,  161 — E.\- 
planation  of  the  origin  of  mimetic  forms,  162 — Mimicry  between 
the  archippus  and  disippus  butterflies,  1(;3 — The  Ursula  butter- 
fly, 163 — Its  cateri)illar  and  chrysalis  undistinguishable  from 
those  of  the  Disippus,  163 — Its  imago  has  no  protective  color, 
164— Mr.  Bennett's  objections  to  the  theory  of  natural  selection 
producing  mimetic  forms,  16.5-^r.  Scudder's  objections,  166 — 
Discussion  of  Mr.  Scudder's  arguments,  167— Mr.  Murray's  ob- 


158  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1301.  Riley,  C.  V.— Continued. 

jections  to  the  connection  between  mimetic  resemblances  and 
natural  selection,  170 — Natural  selection  not  the  only  power  pro- 
ducing mimicry,  171 — Reasons  for  discussing  in  this  report  the 
theory  of  natural  selection,  172 — Natural  selection  involves  be- 
lief in  the  doctrine  of  evolution,  173— Darwinism  is  neither  irre- 
ligious nor  atheistic,  174. 

1302.  Riley,  C  V.     Snout-beetles  injurious  to  fruits.     <Trans.  111. 

Hortic.  Soc.  for  1870,  1S71,  n.  s.,  v.  4,  pp.  89-124,  tigs.  1-11. 
Reprint,  with  additions  and  omissions:  <3d  Ann.  Rept.  State 
Ent.  Mo.,  April,  1871,  pp.  5-14,  figs.  1,  3,  4,  7-14. 

See  No.  1301  for  synopsis  of  contents. 

1303.  Riley,  C.  V.    Bark-lice  on  rose  bushes.    <Moore's  Rural  New 

Yorker,  21  June,  1871,  v.  23,  p.  393.     S.-b.  No.  4,  p.  3. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  A.  French ;  occurrence  of  and  means  against  Le- 
canium  rosce  l^=olece'\  and  Diaspis  rosm  on  rose  bushes. 

1304.  Riley,    C.    V.    Canker-worms;    not    army- worms.      <Moore's 

Rural  New  Yorker,  24  June,  1871,  v.  23,  p.  393. 

1305.  Riley,  C.  "V.     How  to  distinguish  between  Limenitis  disippus 

Godt.,  and  X.  Ursula  Fabr.,  in  their  preparatory  states.     <Ca. 
Ent.,  July,  1871,  v.  3,  pp.  52-53,  fig.  24. 
Description  and  figures  of  structural  characters  distinguishing  the  larva  and 
pupa  oi  Limenitis  disippus  from  those  of  i.  iirsula  ;  see  No.  1306. 

1306.  Riley,  C.  V.    Friendly  notes.     <Ca.  Ent.,  September,  1871,  v. 

3,  pp.  117-119. 

Distinctive  structural  characters  of  pupae  of  Limenitis  disippus  and  L.  insula  ; 
criticism  of  W.  Couper's  articles;  description,  food,  and  habits  of  Gelecliia 
[^^i^IIolcocera^  glanduJella  n.  sp, ;  review  of  statements  concerning  the 
dimorphism  of  Grapta  interrogationis. 

1307.  Riley-,  C.  Y.    Friendly  criticism.     <Gardener's  Mo.  and  Hortic, 

November,  1871,  v.  13,  p.  341. 
InefiBcacy  of  the  roller  remedy  for  potato-beetles  and  grasshoppers ;  identifies 
^^Melolontha philophaga"  as  Lachnosterna  quercina  l^fusca']. 

1308.  Riley,  C.  Y.    Parasites  on  fowls.    The  chicken  mite.     <Moore's 

Rural  New  Yorker,  16  December,  1871.     S.-b.  No.  5,  p.  31. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  Hales;  injuries  to  fowls  caused  by  Dermaiigssus  gal- 
liucef     [:^at"tM»i]. 

1309.  Riley,  C.  Y.    The  American  Entomologist.     <Cultivator  and 

Country  Gentl.,  21  December,  1871,  v.  36,  p.  809.  Reprint: 
<Gardener's  Mo.  and  Hortic,  January,  1872,  v.  14,  p.  23.  <Ca. 
Ent.,  January,  1872,  v.  4,  p.  19. 

Announcement  of  the  continued  suspension  of  ijublication  of  the  American 
Entomologist. 

]3(l9rt.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     {Lxodes  hovis.)     <Rept.  Comm.  of  Agric.  on  the 
diseases  of  cattle.     Washington,  1871,  p.  118,  fig. 

Description  and  figure  of  Lxodes  bovis  n.  sp. 

1310.  Riley,  C.  Y.    The  acorn  moth.     Holcoeera  glandulella,  n.  sp. 

<Ca.  Ent,  January,  1872,  v.  4,  pp.  18,  19. 

Description  of  larva  and  imago  of  Holcoeera  glandulella  n.  sp. ;  habits  of 
larva ;  food-plant  and  description  of  larva  of  Balaninus  rectus. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.'  159 

1311.  Riley,  C.  V.  Fourth  auimal  report  on  the  noxious,  beneficial, 
and  other  insects  of  the  State  of  Missouri,  made  to  the  Stat<' 
Board  of  Agriculture,  i)ursuant  to  an  ai)i>ropriati()n  for  this 
purpose  from  the  legislature  of  tiie  State.  <7th  Ann.  Kept. 
State  Board  of  Agric.  for  1871,  April,  187l',  pj).  140+0,  G(> 
tigs.  Separate:  <Jeflersou  City,  Mo.,  April,  1872,  ]>p.  140  +  0, 
CO  figs.  Notice:  <Horticulturist,  August,  187L*,  v.  !i7,  p.  L'ol. 
<Ent.  Mo.  Mag.,  July,  1872,  v.  9,  p.  47. 

CONTENTS. 
Preface 3 

noxious  insects. 
Notes  of  the  year r> 

The  Colorado  potato-beetle,*  Doryphora  10-lineata 5 

Its  iujiiriea  in  1871,  5 — Ita  appearance  in  great  numbers  in  early 
spring,  5 — Exorbitant  price  of  Paris  green,  G — Natural  enemies 
of  the  beetle  very  abundant,  6 — Diminution  in  numbers  of  the 
beetle  later  in  tbe  season,  7 — Causes  of  such  diminution,  7 — Dam- 
age caused  by  the  potato-beetle  in  Missouri,  7 — It  invaded  Can- 
ada in  1870,  8 — The  three-lined  potato-beetle  mistaken  for  it  in 
New  York  and  Massachusetts,  8 — Its  further  spread  eastward  ir- 
resistible, 8 — Slow  spread  of  the  insect  in  the  South,  9 — Its  pres- 
ent extent  northward,  9 — It  spreads  but  does  not  leave  the  dis- 
tricts already  invaded,  9 — It  is  not  injurious  to  potatoes  in  Col- 
orado at  a  certain  altitude,  10 — New  food-plants,  10 — It  feeds 
upon  cabbage,  10 — Its  hibernatiou,  11 — Objections  raised  against 
the  use  of  Paris  green,  11 — Paris  green  is  an  efficient  remedy  and 
now  in  general  use,  12 — Box  for  dusting  Paris  green,  I'i — Mixing 
the  poison  with  diluents,  12 — No  serious  cases  of  poisoning  have 
come  to  knowledge,  13 — Antidote  for  Paris  green,  I'.i — Other  ap- 
plications, 13 — Messrs.  Saunder's  and  Reed's  experiments  with 
various  substances,  14 — Experiments  ijith  decoctions  of  various 
plants,  15 — Air-slacked  lime  as  a  remedy,  15 — Mechanical  means, 
15 — Squire's  brushing  machine,  15 — Creighton's  improved  patent 
insect  destroyer,  15 — Disadvantage  of  all  mechanical  means,  16 — 
A  simple  and  eftective  way  of  brushing  oil'  and  killing  the  bugs, 
16 — Natural  enemies  increasing,  16 — Chickens  acquiring  a  taste 
for  eggs  and  larv;e  of  the  beetle,  16 — Spiders  are  among  its  ene- 
mies, 17— The  15-spotted  lady-bird  and  its  larva,  18— The  icy 
lady-bird,  18— The  ring-banded  soldier-bug.  19— The  dotted-legged 
plant-bug,  19 — The  spined  soldier-bug  in  its  earlier  states,  20 — 
The  Nebraska  bee-killer,  21 — The  Kansas  bombardier-beetle,  21 — 
Rove-beetles  of  the  genera  Philonihtis  and  Quedius,  21. 

The  codling-moth  again,  Carpdcapaa  pomonella 22 

Time  of  year  that  the  first  moths  appear,  22— Time  reiiuired  for  de- 
velopment, 22 — Proper  time  to  apply  the  bandages  around  the 
tree,  22— It  attacks  peaches,  22— Best  kind  of  bandages,  23— 
Wier's  apple-worm  trap,  23— Advantages  and  disadvantages  of 
the  trap, 24— Overestimating  the  valueof  Wier's  trap,  25— Jarring, 
25— Mr.  Chapin's  method  of  knocking  down  the  wormy  apples, 
26— When  tliis  operation  should  begin,  26— Fires,  lights,  and 
bottles  of  liquid  not  to  be  recommended  asaremedy,  27 — rt'orth- 
lessness  of  Todd's  book,  "The  apple  culturist,"  28— Natural  eue- 

*  Extract  in  <Sci.  Amer.,  25  May,  1872,  v.  25,  p.  351. 


160  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1311.  EiLEY,  C.  v.— Continued. 

inies,  28— The  Pennsylvania  soldier-beetle  and  its  larva,  28— The 
two-lined  soldier-beetle  and  its  larva,   29 — Description  of  the 
larva  of  TeUphorus  Ulineatus,  30— Summary,  30. 
The  periodical  Cicada,  Tibicen  septendecim , 30 

Reproduction,  with  corrections  and  additions,   of  the  chronolog- 
ical table  of  Broods  I  to  VI  from  Report  I,  31. 
The  grape-vine  Colaspis  again,  Colaspis  flavida    34 

Redescription  of  the  larva  from  well-preserved  specimens,  34. 
The  harlequin  cabhagf.-bv g,  Murganiia  histrionica 35 

It  was  not  known  in  Missouri  prior  to  1870,  35— Its  geographical 
range  and  color  variations,  35 — Insect  enemies  of  the  cabbage- 
plant,  35 — Dr.  Lyncecum's  account  of  its  habits  and  injury 
caused  by  it  in  Texas,  36— Its  appearance  in  Missouri  in  1870, 
36 — The  egg,  37— The  larva  and  pupa,  37— Several  annual  broods, 
37— The  mature  bug,  37— Injury  caused  by  it,  37— Its  congener 
in  Europe,  38. 
The  rascal  leaf-crumpler,  Acrobaais  indignella 38 

Its  proper  scientific  name,  38— It  is  hardly  noticed  in  summer  time, 
.38 — Injury  caused  by  it,  39 — It  hibernates  as  larva,  39 — Habits  of 
the  larva,  39 — The  larval  case,  39 — Characteristics  of  the  moth, 
39 — Food-plants,  39 — Remedies,  40  —  Natural  enemies,  40 — Le 
Baron's  description  of  TacliinaphijcitK,  40 — Limneria  fugitiva,  41 — 
Description  of  imago,  larva,  and  chrysalis  of  the  rascal  leaf- 
crumpler,  41 — Description  of  the  variety  nebulella,  42. 
The  walnut  case-bearer,  Acrobasis  juglandis 42 

Other  case-bearers  enumerated,  42 — The  case  of  the  walnut  case- 
bearer,  42 — Differences  between  the  motli  and  that  of  the  rascal 
leaf-crumpler,  43 — Natural  enemies,  43 — Description  of  Perilitus 
indigator,  43. 
The  apple-leaf  skeletonizer,  Fempelia  hammondi 44 

Its  work  on  the  leaves  of  apple-trees,  44 — The  worm  and  the  chrys- 
alis, 44 — Appearance  of  the  moth,  45 — Mr.  Hammond's  account 
of  the  injury  caused  by  the  worm,  45 — The  European  Aa-obasis 
consocieUa,  45 — Remedies  and  parasites,  45 — Description  of  the 
imago,  larva,  and  impa,  46. 
The  green  apple  leaf-tyer,  Teras  Cinderella  1...        46 

It  occurs  almost   always  in  company  with   the   foregoing,  46 — 
Characters  and  habits  of  the  worm,  46 — The  chrysalis,  47 — De- 
scription of  imago,  larva,  and  chrysalis,  47. 
The  lesser  apple  leaf-folder,  Teras  malivorana  47 

Its  larva  and  jjupa  closely  resemble  those  of  the  foregoing  species, 
47 — Mr.  Wier's  account  of  its  habits,  48 — Remedy,  49. 
The  apple-leaf  bucculatrix,  Bucculatrix  pomifoliella 49 

It  is  not  very  injurious  in  Missouri,  49 — Account  of  damage  caused 
by  it  in  New  York,  50 — The  worm  and  its  habits,  50— Its  trans- 
formations, 50 — Season  of  the  appearance  of  the  moth,  50 — Rem- 
edies, 50 — HaAntfiot  Bucculatrix  thuiella,  51 — Description  of  larva 
and  pupa  of  the  apple-leaf  Bucculatrix,  51. 
The  apple-twig  borer,  AmphicerHn  bicandatus 51 

Its  frequent  occurrence  in  Missouri,  51 — Characters  of  the  beetle, 
52— The  holes  made  by  it  in  the  twigs,  52 — The  holes  are  made 
only  for  food  and  protection,  52— The  insect  breeds  probably  in 
the  sap-wood  of  forest  trees,  52— The  larva  of  Sinoxylon  basilare 
mistaken  for  that  of  the  apple-twig  borer,  52 — Remedy,  53. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  161 

1311.  Riley,  C.  V.— Continued. 

Inskcts  injurious  to  tiik  orape-vixe 53 

The  red-shonlderetl  Sinoxylon,  Sinoxi/lon  basilare 53 

Characteristics  of  the  insect  as  imago,  larva,  and  pii])!!,  r)4— Dam- 
age done  by  it  to  grape-vines,  frnit  trees,  and  hiciiory,  54 — De- 
scription of  the  larva  and  pupa,  54. 
Grape  disease  55 

The  grape-leaf  gall-louse.  Phylloxera  vastatrix 55 

Its  scientific  name,  55 — The  law  of  priority,  55 — European  grape- 
vines valueless  in  the  eastern  United  States,  55 — Deterioration 
of  some  of  our  native  vines,  56 — Climatic  reasons  for  the  failure 
of  European  vines,  50 — The  principal  cause  of  this  failure  is  the 
Phylloxera,  56 — Further  proof  of  the  identity  of  the  American 
with  the  European  insect,  57— Reasons  for  the  identity  of  the 
gall-louse  with  the  root-lonse,  57  —  Further  facts  respecting 
the  habits  of  the  root-louse,  58 — Underground  forms,  58 — The 
young  lice  and  their  habits,  59 — Hibernation,  59 — The  pupa,  59 — 
The  winged  female,  59 — Susceptibility  of  different  vines  to  the 
attacks  of  the  louse,  60 — Classification  of  the  North  American 
grape-vines  according  to  their  practical  importance,  60 — Synopsis 
of  the  true  grape-vines  of  the  United  States,  by  Dr.  George  En- 
gelmann,  00 — Difficulty  of  separating  the  cultivated  varieties  of 
grape-vine,  61 — Importance  of  a  proper  classification  of  culti- 
vated grape-vines,  62  —  Importation  into  Europe  of  resisting 
American  vines,  62 — Enumeration  of  the  cultivated  varieties  and 
their  susceptibility  to  the  disease,  63 — No  variety  is  entirely  ex- 
empt from  the  attacks  of  the  root-louse,  64 — American  vines 
which  resisted  the  root-louse  in  Europe,  64 — Means  of  contagion 
from  one  vine  to  another,  64 — The  spread  of  the  root-lice  from 
one  vine  to  another,  64 — Transportation  of  the  louse  upon  the 
roots  of  seedlings  and  cuttings,  64 — Spread  of  the  disease  in 
France,  64 — The  winged  female  of  the  root-louse  and  her  func- 
tion, 65 — The  vernal  leaf-gall,  65 — Preference  of  the  winged 
Phylloxera  for  the  Clinton  grape  and  its  allies,  65 — Power  of 
flight  of  Phylloxera  caryafolia;  66 — Deposition  of  the  eggs  upon 
the  leaf,  66 — Probable  reasons  why  the  injuries  of  the  Phylloxera 
are  greater  in  Europe  than  in  America,  66 — Outward  and  more 
visible  effects  of  the  root-disease,  67 — Practical  suggestions,  07 — 
No  need  to  destroy  the  Clinton  vines,  67 — Influence  of  soil  on 
the  intensity  of  the  disease,  67 — Remedies,  68 — Destruction  of 
the  gall-lice,  68 — Destruction  of  the  root-lice,  68 — Results  of  ex- 
periments in  France  with  various  substances,  68 — Irrigation  and 
submersion,  09 — R<5suin6  of  the  insect's  history,  69 — No  need  of^ 
unnecessary  alarm,  70. 

beneficial  insects. 

Silkworms 72 

Introductory 72 

The  Morns  multicauUa  fever  and  its  reaction,  72 — Increasing  atten- 
tion lately  given  to  silk-culture  in  America,  72 — North  America 
well  adapted  to  the  raising  of  silk,  73 — General  outlines  of  the 
natural  history  of  the  eight  species  of  silkworms  treated  of  in 
this  report,  74. 
11  ENT 


162  BIBLIOGRAPHY   OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1311.  Riley,  0.  V.— Continued. 

The  mulberry  silkworm,  Sericaria  moi'i 75 

Its  past  history,  75— Earliest  silk-culture  in  China  and  India.  75— 
Its  introduction  into  Europe,  76 — Value  of  silk  produced  iu 
Frauce,  76— The  "Silk  Supply  Association"  in  England,  and  its 
objects,  76— Countries  exporting  raw  silk,  77— The  name  given 
to  silk  by  different  nations,  77 — History  of  the  mulberry  silk- 
worm in  America,  77 — Its  introduction  and  failure  of  earlier  ef- 
forts, 77 — Renewal  of  silk-culture  within  the  past  decade,  77 — 
Silk  manufacture  in  the  United  States,  78 — Favorable  prospects 
for  raising  silk  in  this  country,  78 — Silk-growing  in  California, 
79 — Mr.  Prevost's  "California  Silk-grower's  Manual,"  79— False 
statements  and  exaggerations  in  Prevost's  book,  79 — Sale  of  Cal- 
ifornian  silkworm  eggs,  80 — Disastrous  effect  of  the  Franco- 
Prussian  war  on  the  egg  trade,  81 — Success  of  silk-culture  in  Cal- 
ifornia dependent  on  the  ability  to  reel  the  silk,  81 — Silk-culture 
in  Kansas,  82 — Mons.  Boissi^re's  silk  establishment  and  its 
chances  of  success,  82 — Silk-growing  in  Missouri,  83 — The  fall 
season  in  Missouri  eminently  propitious  for  rearing  silkworms, 
84 — Natural  history  of  the  silkworm,  84 — Races  of  the  silkworm 
produced  by  domestication,  84 — Effects  produced  on  the  insect 
by  domestication,  85 — The  egg,  86 — Larva  and  larval  changes, 
86 — Cocoon,  chrysalis,  and  moth,  87 — No  insect  parasite  of  the 
silkworm  in  Europe,  87 — The  "  Uji"  disease  in  China  and  Japan, 
87 — Diseases  of  the  silkworm,  88;  the  Muscardine,  its  effect  and 
cause,  88;  the  Pehrlue  disease,  its  symptoms  and  cause,  89; 
nature  and  origin  of  these  diseases,  90 — Other  diseases  of  the 
silkworm,  91 — Best  varieties  or  races,  90 — Different  forms  of  co- 
coons produced  by  different  races,  92 — How  best  to  rear  silk- 
worms, 92 — Rearing  a  very  simple  process,  92 — Character  of 
climate  of  the  Japanese  silk  districts,  93 — Keeping  the  eggs  dur- 
ing the  winter,  93 — Hatching  of  the  eggs,  93 — Room  and  building 
for  the  rearing  of  the  worms,  93 — The  feeding  net  or  fillet,  94 — 
Importance  of  carrying  all  the  worms  simultaneously  through 
their  molts,  94 — Regularity  of  feeding,  95— Regulating  the  tem- 
perature, 95— Cocoonery,  96— Choking  the  chrysalis,  96 — Egg- 
laying,  97 — Selecting  and  fastening  the  cocoons  for  breeding  pur- 
poses, 97 — Treatment  of  the  female  moths  after  copulation,  97 — 
Preservation  of  Jhe  eggs,  97— Reeling,  98— Great  skill  required 
to  accomplish  the  work  properly,  98— Classification  of  raw  silk, 
98— Preparing  the  cocoons  for  reeling,  98 — Objectsof  and  manip- 
ulations in  reeling,  99— Best  food  for  the  worms,  100 — Varieties 
of  the  mulberry,  100— Cultivation  of  the  mulberry,  100— Osage 
orange  as  silkworm  food,  100— Introduction  of  the  osage  orange 
into  France,  100 — Experiments  in  America  with  feeding  silk- 
worms on  osage' orange,  101— Advantages  and  disadvantages  of 
the  osage  orange,  102. 

The  cecropia  silkworm,  Attacus  cecropxa 103 

Changes  made  in  its  scientific  generic  name,  103 — General  appear- 
ance of  the  moth,  103— Fitch's  explanation  of  the  specific  name, 
104— Food-plants,  104— The  cocoon,  104— Value  of  the  cocoon  as 
compared  with  that  of  the  polyphemus  moth,  105— How  the 
moth  issues  from  the  coco  .n,  lOr,— The  moth  immediately  after 
hatching,  106— The  eg;;,  106— Description  of  the  larval  changes, 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  163 

1311.  Riley,  C.  V.— Coiitiuued. 

lOG — Strange  habit  of  birds  of  using  the  empty  cocoon  ns  a  store- 
house, 107 — The  cecropia  worm  cau  not  be  classed  as  an  injurious  ^ 
insect,  107 — Sainia  Columbia  ought  to  be  considered  a  variety  of 
cecropia,  107 — Parasites,  107 — The  h)ng-tailed  Ophion,  107;  its 
mode  of  ovipositiou,  lOd;  habits  of  its  larva,  108 — The  cecropia 
Tachina-tly,  108;  how  it  ati'ects  its  victim,  108;  its  larva  and 
imago,  lO'J— The  Mary  Chalcis-lly,  109 ;  how  it  escapes  from  the 
cocoon  of  the  moth,  109;  description  of  the  imago,  110 — The  ce- 
cropia  Cryptns,  110;  its  habits,  110;  description  of  the  two  sexes, 
111 ;  how  it  differs  from  the  allied  specii's,  111. 

The  Allan  thus  silkworm,  Attucns  cynthia 112 

Difference  between  the  silkworms  of  the  castor-beau  and  Ailaiithus, 
112 — Introduction  of  the  Ailanthus  silkworm  into  Europe,  113 — 
Ailanthiculture  iu  Europe,  113 — Its  introduction  into  America, 
114 — Disadvantages  of  the  Ailanthus  silkworm,  115 — Its  acclima- 
tization iu  America  and  Australia,  115 — Valueof  the  cocoon,  115 — 
Mr.  Forgemol's  device  for  unwinding  the  cocoon,  IIG — Natural 
history  of  the  Ailanthus  silkworm,  117 — The  egg  and  mode  of 
egg-laying,  117 — Larval  changes,  117 — Pupation,  118— The  imago 
and  its  variations,  118 — Food-plants,  118 — Directions  for  raising 
the  worms,  119 — A  good  word  for  the  Ailanthus  tree,  120. 

The  promethea  silkworm,  A  ttacus  promethea 121 

Value  of  the  cocoon,  121 — Mode  of  egg-laying,  121 — Larval  changes, 
121 — How  the  cocoon  is  fastened  to  the  twig,  122 — Striking 
sexual  difference  in  the  moth,  122 — CaUosamia  angulifera  ought 
not  to  be  considered  as  a  diflerent  species,  122 — Food-plants  of 
the  worm,  123 — Natural  enemies,  123. 

The  luna  silkworm,  Actias  luna 123 

The  beautiful  appearance  of  the  moth,  123 — The  cocoon,  124 — Food- 
plants,  124 — Larval  changes,  124 — Season  when  the  imago  issues, 
125 — No  parasites  of  the  worm  known,  125 — Actias  selene  proba- 
bly identical  with  luna,  125. 

The  polyphemus  silkworm,  Telea polyphemus 125 

Mode  of  egg-laying,  125 — The  egg,  126— Food-plants,  126— Larval 
changes,  126 — Tiie  cocoon,  126 — Mr.  Tronvelot's  account  of  the 
issuing  of  the  moth,  127 — Wonderful  vitality  of  the  chrysalis, 
127 — Characters  of  the  moth  and  its  variations,  12-i — The  broad 
antenuic  of  the  male  moth  mistaken  for  a  third  pair  of  wings, 
.  128 — Difficulty  of  reeling  the  cocoon,  129— Number  of  annual 
broods,  129— Parasites,  129. 

The  yama-mai  silkworm,  Antherwa  yama-mai 130 

Its  native  home  ami  food-plant,  130 — Its  introduction  into  Europe 
and  Australia,  130 — Attempts  at  raising  it  in  America,  130 — The 
egg  and  how  it  should  be  kept  over  winter,  131 — Climate  most 
favorable  for  the  worm,  131 — The  worm  and  its  resemblance  to 
the  leaf,  132 — Food-plants,  132 — Larval  changes,  132— The  co- 
coon and  the  value  of  its  silk,  133 — The  moth  and  its  habits, 
133 — Difficulties  of  rearing  the  worm,  133 — Mr.  Adams's  account 
of  rearing  the  yama-mai  worm  in  .Japan,  134 — The  Lji  parasite, 
136, 

The  pcrny  silkworm,  Aniherwa  peruyi    i:j7 

Its  native  home,  l:;7 — How  it  ditlcrs  from  the  preceding,  137— Lar- 
val changes,  137 — The  cocodu  and  its  silk,  137 — The  moth,  i;57 — 
Its  culture  iu  China,  138 — The  tusseh  silkworm.  13S. 


164  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1311.  Riley,  C.  V.— Continued. 

Summary 138 

Successful  silk  culture  possible  in  this  country,  138— Comparative 
value  of  the  different  species  of  silkworms,  138. 

INNOXIOUS  INSECTS. 

The  horned  Fassai,vs,  Passalus  comutus 139 

Its  frequent  occurrence  in  old  logs,  139 — The  noise  produced  by  the 
beetle,  139 — It  occurs  only  iu  decaying  wood,  140 — The  larva 
and  its  exceptional  character,  140 — Description  of  the  larva, 
140 — Previous  description  of  Passalus  larvae,  141 — Description  of 
the  pupa,  141. 
The  great  leopard  moth,  Ecpantheria  scribonia 141 

Characters  of  the  larva,  141 — Food-plants,  142 — Hibernation  and 
transformations,  14"2 — The  imago,  14^ — The  larva  able  to  resist 
extreme  cold,  143 — Description  of  the  larva,  143. 
The  ISABELLA  TIGER  MOTH,  Pyrrharctia  isabella 143 

Characters  of  the  larva,  143 — Food-plants,  143— Cocoon  and  chry- 
salis, 143 — The  moth,  144— The  popular  name  "  fever- worm  "  in 
the  South,  144 — No  parasite  known  of  this  and  the  preceding  spe- 
cies, 144. 
The  ACORN  moth,  Holcocera  glandulella   144 

The  egg  laid  in  acorns  that  have  been  ruined  by  Balaninus  rectus, 
144 — Habits  of  the  larva,  144 — Characters  of  larva  and  moth, 
145 — Description  of  imago,  larva,  and  pupa,  145. 

1312.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    Thomas  Wier's  apple- worm  trap.     <Amer.  Agric, 

A.pril,  1872,  v.  31,  pp.  142-143,  1  fig. 

Description  and  figure  of  Wier's  apple- worm  trap. 

1313.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Eemarkable  parasitic  fungus.    <Sci.  Amer.,  25 

May,  1872  [v.  40],  n.  s.,  v.  26,  p.  347. 
Description  and  figure  of  unidentified  fungus  infesting  the  larva  of  the  white 
grub,  Lachnosterna  fusca. 

1314.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    Cut- worm  lion.     <Colman's  Rural  World,  15  June, 

1872,  fig.     S.-b.  No.  5,  p.  47. 
History  of  the  larva  and  imago  of  Calosoma  calidum,  an  enemy  to  cut-worms. 

1315.  EiLEY,  C.  V.     Cut- worms.    <Cultivator  and  Country  Gentleman, 

20  June,  1872,  v.  37,  p.  392. 
Dandelions  and  other  weeds  furnish  food  for  young  cut-worms  which  hatch 
in  the  fall ;  land  should  be  kept  clear  of  weeds  at  that  season. 

1316.  Riley,  C.  V.    Flat-beaded  apple  tree-borer  in  borse  chestnut. 

<Colman's  Rural  World,  22  June,  1872,  fig.     S.-b.  No.  5,  p.  47. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  S.  E. ;  natural  history  of  larva  and  imago  of  Chri/no- 
bothris  femorata. 

1317.  Riley,  C.  V.    A  new  insect.     <Western  Planter,  29  June,  1872. 

S.-b.  No.  5,  p.  49. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  F.  Halsinger;  Nysius  n.  sp.,  very  destructive  to  po- 
tatoes. 

1318.  Riley,   C.  V.     Codling  -  moth ;   jarring    down    infested    fruit. 

<Cultivator  and  Country  Gentleman,  4  July,  1872,  v.  37,  p.  422. 

Excrement  outside  of  the  fruit  indicates  the  exit  of  the  worm,  with  some 
varieties ;  with  others  the  worm  may  be  often  found  after  the  excrements 
are  visible. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  165 

1319.  KiLEY.  C.  V.     Food  for  silkvrorms.     <Colinan's  Rural  World,  13 

July,  1872.     S.b.  No.  o,  p.  40. 
Osage  oruuye  superior  to  red-mnlberiy. 

1320.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  ai)i)le  maggot-fly,  Tnjpeta  pomonella  Walsh. 

<Amer.  Agric,  July,  1872,  v.  31,  pp.  203-201,  2  ligs. 
Answer  to  letter  of  J.  H.  Spatter;  coinparative  descriptions  and  figures  of 
larvie.  pu]);e,  and  iniagos  of  Tri/peta  pomonvUa  and  Carpocapsa  jwmonclla; 
tignres  showing  injnries  of  both  species ;  distribution  and  means  .against 
Triipeta  pomonella. 

1321.  Riley,  C.  V.     Worms  ou  Dutchman's  pipe.     <Colmaii's  Rural 

World,  3  August,  1872,  fig.     S.-b.  No.  5,  ]).  130. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  T.  C. ;  life-history  of  Papilio  philenor. 

1322.  Riley,  C.  Y.    Apple-leaf  worm.     The  apple-leaf  sTveietoDizer. 

<Colmau's  Rural  World,  10  August,  1872,  fig.     S.-b.  No.  5, 
p.  138. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  L.  R.  Bryant ;  habits  and  times  of  appearance  of  Pem- 
pelia  hammondi. 

1323.  Riley,  C.  Y.    Eggs  in  grape-canes  and  apple-twigs.     <Amer. 

Agric,  August,  1872,  v.  31,  p.  302,  figs.  1-7. 
Figures  of  eggs  and  of  twigs  ininciurod  by  Urocharis  saltator,  CEcanthus  niveus, 
and  Ceresa  buialus  ;  figures  imagos  of  the  same  ;  habits,  descriptions  of  eggs, 
and  imagos  of  the  three  species. 

1324.  Riley',  C.  Y.     Borers   iu  evergreens.     <Gardener's   Mo.   and 

Hortic,  December,  1872,  v.  14,  p.  373. 
Larvse  of  Monohammus  titillator  the  worst  enemy  of  the  white-pine;  another 
species  of  Cei-ambycidce  injurious  to  red-cedars ;  a  host  of  bark-borers  aflfect 
all  kinds  of  evergreens. 

1325.  Riley,   C.   Y.    Einige  unserer    schiidlicherer    Insekten.     <St. 

Louis,  Mo.,  1872,  p.  35,  il.     S.-b.  No.  11),  pp.  174-190. 

Causes  of  the  decadence  of  viticulture  in  the  United  States;  habits,  ravages, 
specific  identity,  and  figures  of  several  stages  of  the  leaf-inhabiting  and 
root-inhabiting  forms  of  Phylloxera  vastatrix;  identity  of  the  European 
and  American  grape  Phylloxera;  susceptibility  of  the  dift'erent  species  of 
grape  to  the  attacks  of  the  same ;  principal  manifestations  of  attack  ;  pre- 
ventive and  remedial  measures;  description  and  figures  of  Conotrachelus 
nenuphar;  habits,  ravages,  parasites,  enemies,  and  means  against  it;  de- 
scription of  Ransom's  trap,  Hull's,  Ward's,  and  Hooten's  machines  for  cap- 
turing the  imagos  ;  figures  of  the  machines.  Natural  history,  food-plants, 
distribution,  enemies,  parasites,  and  means  against  Z)an/^>/iora  decemlineata; 
figures  of  all  stages  of  the  same  ;  use  of  Paris  green  and  other  powders ; 
mechanical  devices  for  collecting  the  insects. 

1320.  Riley,  C.  Y.  Harvest  mites.  <Amer.  Nat.,  January,  1873,  v. 
7,  pp.  10-19,  fig.  5.  p]\tract :  <Cobnan's  Rural  World,  21  June, 
1870,  2  figs.     S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  170,  171.  ' 

List  of  insect  parasites  on  man  ;  description,  figures,  habits  of  and  means 
against  Leptus  [=  Tetranychus']  americanus  n.  sp.  and  Z.  [=  T.  ]  irrilans  n.  sp. 

1327.  Riley,  C.  Y.     Vanessa  antiopa.     <Eut.  Mo.  Mag.,  January,  1873, 
V.  9,  p.  195. 
Habits  and  food-plants  of  Faneasa  antiopa. 


166  BIBLIOGRAPHY   OP   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1328.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    Entomological  correction.    <Cultivator  and  Coun- 

try Gentleman,  6  March,  1873,  v.  38,  p.  149. 
Lema  trilineata  does  not  occur  in  southwestern  Missouri,  as  stated  by  W.  R. 
Howard. 

1329.  BiLEY,  0.  V.     Fifth  annual  report  on  the  noxious,  beneficial,  and 

other  insects  of  the  State  of  Missouri,  made  to  the  State  Board 
of  Agriculture,  pursuant  to  an  appropriation  for  this  purpose 
from  the  legislature  of  the  State.  <8th  Ann.  Rept.  State  Board 
of  Agric.  for  1872, 18  April,  1873,  pp.  160+8,  75  figs.  Separate: 
<Jefiferson  City,  Mo.,  18  April,  1873,  pp.  160  +  8,  75  figs.  Re- 
view by  A.  S.  Packard,  jr. :  <Amer.  Nat.,  August,  1873,  v.  7, 
pp.  471-477,  figs.  115-130.  Reply  to  Packard  and  rejoinder  by 
Packard  :  <Amer.  Xat.,  Marcli,  1874,  v.  8.  pp.  181-188. 

contents. 
Preface , , 3 

Entomology,  its  relations  to  agriculture  and  its  advancement* 5 

Definition  of  entomology,  5 — The  term  "insect,"  5 — The  four  sub- 
kingdoms  of  the  animal  kingdom,  6 — Characteristics  of  insects, 
7 — Classification  of  insects,  8  —  Hymenoptera,  9  —  Coleoptera, 
10 — Lepidoptera,  11 — Hemiptera,  12 — Diptera,  13 — Orthoptera, 
14 — Neuroptera,  14 — Osculant  and  aberrant  groups,  15 — Import- 
ance of  entomology  as  a  study,  17 — Economic  importance  of  en- 
tomology, 18 — Relation  of  insects  to  agriculture,  18 — Damage 
inflicted  by  insects  to  agriculture  and  horticulture,  19 — Progress 
of  economic  entomology,  19 — Economic  entomology  in  Europe, 
19 — Insects  in  America  much  more  injurious  than  in  Europe,  21 — 
State  entomologists  and  entomologists  in  public  positions  in  the 
United  States,  21 — How  to  counterwork  noxious  insects,  23 — 
Prevention,  24 — Checking  the  spread  of  injurious  insects,  24 — 
Cure,  25— Modification  of  Dr.  Hull's  Curculio-catcher,  25— En- 
couragement of  the  natural  enemies  of  injurious  insects,  26— 
Duties  of  a  State  entomologist,  27 — Annual  report,  27 — Corre- 
spondeuce  and  other  duties,  28— How  to  collect,  preserve,  and 
study  insects,  29— Appliances  for  collecting,  29— Use  of  the  um- 
brella, 29— The  knapsack,  30— The  hand  net,  30— The  frame  of 
the  net,  30— The  bag  of  the  net,  31— Use  of  the  sieve,  31— Sugar- 
ing, 32— Attracting  moths  by  light,  32— How  to  kill  insects,  32— 
The  cyanide  bottle,  32— Use  of  chloroform,  33— Entomotaxy, 
34— Insect-pins,  34— How  to  pin  insects,  34— How  to  mount  small 
insects,  34— Spreading-board,  35— Drying-box,  36— Insect  boxes 
and  cabinet,  37— Mr.  Lintner's  boxes  for  Lepidoptera,  38— Sub- 
stances for  lining  insect-boxes,  40— Preserving  insects  in  the 
collection,  41— Relaxing  specimens,  41— Breeding  insects,  41— 
Breeding-cage,  42— Note-book  of  the  collector,  43— How  to  trans- 
mit insects,  44— Text-books,  44. 

noxious  insects. 
Notes  of  the  Year 46 

The  codling-moth,  Carpocapsa pomonella ...• 4C 

Experiments  with  Wier's  apple-worm  trap,  46— Value  of  different 
materials  for  bandages,  47— Jarring,  48— Occurrence  of  the  apple- 


*  Pages  17-27  were  reprinted  under  title  Entomology  in  <Rept.  State  Board  Agric. 
Kansas  for  1873,  1874,  pp.  266-274. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  167 

1329.  EiLEY,  C.  v.— Continued. 

worm  iu  Caliloriiia,  49 — Enemies  and  parasites,  49 — The  ring- 
legs^ed  Pimpla,  49 — Tht5  delicate  longstiug,  50 — Other  enemies, 
51 — Efficiency  of  the  spiued  soldior-bug,  51 — False  doctriueH  for 
exterminating  the  codliug-moth,  51. 
The  Colorado  potato-beetle,  Dorypliora  lO-lhieala 52 

Its  companitivo  harmlessness  in  1872,  52 — New  food-plants,  52 — 
Its  progress  eastward  up  to  1872,  52 — Experiments  wiili   Paris 
green,  53 — New  enemies,  53 — The  rust-red  social  wasp,  54 — The 
rose- breasted  grosbeck,  54. 
The  apple-twig  borer,  Amphicerus  bicaudaius 54 

It  attacks  also  pear  twigs,  54— It  has  been  bred  from  grai)e  canes 
by  Dr.  Shimer,  54. 
Egg  of  the  horned  Passalus,  Passalus  cornutus 55 

The  egg,  55 — The  newly  hatched  larva,  55 — Rapid  development  of 
the  insect,  55. 
Egg  of  the  common  May  beetle,  Lachnosterna  fusca 55 

Description  of  the  eggs  and  how  they  are  deposited,  55. 
Egg  of  the  broad-uecked  Fvionns,  rrionus  laticollis 56 

Characteristics  of  the  eggs  and  where  they  are  deposited,  56. 
Eggs  of  American  tent-caterpillar,  Clisiocampa  nmericana 56 

Correction  of  the  figure  given  iu  Report  III  of  the  egg-belt,  56. 
Counterworking  the  tobacco-worm,  Proioparce  celeiis 56 

Mr.  White's  method  of  planting  the  Jamestown  weed  among  the 
potatoes  and  poisoning  the  blossoms  thereof,  56. 
The  grape  Phylloxera,  Phylloxera  vastatrix 57 

Its  popular  name,  57 — Accounts  of  the  unusual  mortality  among 
grape-vines  in  the  spring  of  1872,  57 — Causes  of  this  mortality 
given  in  the  accounts,  59 — Excessive  drought  and  overbearing, 
60 — The  Phylloxera  is  the  true  cause,  60 — Actual  proof  of  the 
Phylloxera  haviug  caused  the  mortality  among  grape-vines,  61 — 
Influences  that  favored  the  increase  of  the  lice  in  1«72,  61 — Im- 
portance of  a  full  understanding  and  management  of  the  Phyl- 
loxera, 62 — Its  range  iu  North  America,  62 — Its  spread  in  Europe, 
63— Inconstancy  in  the  habits  of  the  gall-lice,  63 — The  leaves  of 
the  Clinton  vine  no  longer  affected  by  the  gall-lice  since  1871, 
63— Method  of  formation  of  the  leaf-gall,  64— Relative  immunity 
of  American  vines  in  Europe,  64 — Propagating  American  varie- 
ties from  cuttings,  65 — Appreciation  of  American  vines  in  Eu- 
rope, 66 — Careless  statement  published  as  to  the  immunity  of 
Labnisca  vine,  66— Grafting  the  grape-vine,  67— New  theories, 
67 — The  Phylloxera  is  the  true  cause  and  not  the  effect  of  the 
disease,  67— 3Ir.  Laliman's  theory  that  the  insect  has  always  ex- 
isted in  Europe,  C)8—0i(Ut<m  tuckcri  of  Europe  and  America  iden- 
tical, 69— Mr.  Saunders's  account  of  the  presence  of  Oidinm  incleri 
in  America,  70 — Means  of  contagion  of  the  disease  from  one  vine  to 
another,  69— Flying  capacity  of  the  winged  Phylloxera,  70 — The 
male  louse,  71— Remedies,  71— Efficacy  of  carbolic  acid  and  soot, 
71— Value  of  submersion  orirrigation,  72— Sprinkling  with  quick- 
lime, ashes,  etc.,  72— Mr.  Lichteustein's  experiments  to  allure 
the  lice,  72 — Experiments  with  carbolic  acid,  73. 
The  oyster- shell  bark-louse  of  the  apple,  Mytilaspin  pomonivi..        73 

Its  occurrence  iu  Missouri,  74— lis  appearance  iu  Luray  County, 
Missouri,  74— Mr.  Ilanan's  account  of  its  spread,  75— Its  occur- 
rence in  Southern  Missouri,  76— Its  occurrence  in  Mississippi  and 
Georgia,  78— Its  appearance  in  Kansas,  79— It  is  double- brooded 


168  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1329.  Riley,  C.  V.— Continued. 

iu  the  South,  79— The  waxy  secretion  of  Homoptera,  80— The 
newly  hatched  louse,  80 — The  larval  scale,  81 — Development  of 
the  female  scale,  81 — Growth  of  the  male  scale,  82— The  male 
louse,  83— Rare  occurrence  of  the  winged  male,  84— Agamic  mul- 
tiplication, 85— Mode  of  spreading,  85— Food-plants,  86— Varie- 
ties of  the  apple-tree  preferred  by  it,  86— Enemies  and  parasites, 
87 ;  mites,  87;  Aphelinus  mytilasjndis  and  Dr.  Le  Baron's  account 
of  its  habits,  88— Easy  transportation  and  introduction  of  the 
Aphelinus,  90 — Remedies,  90— Application  of  oily  substances, 
90— Bibliographical  and  descriptive,  91— The  generic  name,  91 — 
Signoret's  classification  of  the  Coccidw,  92 — Specific  name,  92 — 
Characteristics  and  habits  of  three  allied  species,  93 — A  new  name 
necessary  for  our  apple-tree  species,  94 — Description  of  the  eggs 
and  the  winged  male,  95 ;  of  the  male  and  female  scale  and  of 
the  female  louse,  96. 

The  pine-leaf  scale-ixsect,  Chionaspis  jnnifolii 97 

Nature  of  the  malady  caused  by  it,  97 — Natural  history  of  the  in- 
sect, 98 — The  male,  99 — There  are  two  annual  broods,  99 — It  is 
confined  to  the  pines  proper,  100 — Natural  enemies,  100 ;  the 
twice-stabbed  lady-bird,  100 ;  the  painted  lady-bird  and  descrip- 
tion of  its  larva,  101 — Remedies,  101 — Stripping  the  old  leaves, 
102 — Application  of  powdered  and  liquid  substances,  102. 

The  HICKORY  bark-borer,  Scohjtus  A-spinosm 103 

Accounts  of  the  damage  caused  by  it  in  Missouri,  103 — Habits  of 
the  European  Scolyius  destructor,  104 — Various  kinds  of  hickory 
attacked  by  the  hickory  bark-borer,  105 — Its  natural  history, 
105 — Natural  enemies,  106 — Description  of  the  three-banded 
Spathius,  106 — Mr.  Cresson's  description  of  Bracon  scolytivorus, 
106 — Remedies,  107 — Description  of  the  imago,  107 — Is  it  differ- 
ent from  Scolytus  A-spinosiis?  107. 

The  rose  chafer,  Alacrodactylns  siihspinosus 108 

Great  damage  caused  by  the  beetle  in  1872,  108 — Remedy,  109 — 
Harris's  account  of  its  natural  history,  109. 

The  false  chinch-bug,  Nysius  angustatus Ill 

It  was  not  known  as  injurious  before  1872,  111 — Accounts  of  injury 
done  by  it,  111 — How  it  differs  from  the  true  chinc!i-bug,  112 — 
Its  probable  natural  history,  112 — Description  of  imago,  larva, 
and  pupa,  113 — Variation  in  the  imago,  113 — Its  great  abundance 
in  the  fall  of  1872, 114. 

Insects  injurious  to  the  GRAPE--saNE 114 

The  grape-vine  apple-gall,  Ctcidomyia  vitis-pomum 114 

The  breast  bone  of  gall-gnat  larvae,  114 — The  gall  mistaken  for  an 
apple,  114 — Form  of  the  gall,  115— Habits  of  the  larva,  116. 

The  grape-vine  filbert-gall,  Cecidomyia  vitis-coryloides 116 

Appearance  of  the  gall,  116 — Larva  of  the  gall-maker,  117. 

The  grape-vine  tomato-gall,  Lasioptera  vitis 117 

Its  curious  resemblance  to  a  tomato,  117 — Various  shapes  assumed 
by  it,  118— The  larva,  118— Enemies  of  the  larva,  118. 

The  grape-leaf  trumpet-gall,  Cecidomyia  viticola 118 

Characteristics  and  occurrence  of  the  gall,  118. 
Eggs  in  and  on  canes  and  twigs  * 119 

*  Pages  119-125  were  reprinted  under  title  Insect  punctures,  in  <^Rept.  State  Board 
Agric.  Kansas  for  1873,  1874,  pp.  274-279,  figs.  47-59. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    FX'ONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  169 

1329.  Riley,  C.  V.— Contiuuecl. 

Probable  eggs  of  the  jumping  tree-cricket,  Orocharis  saltator,  119 — 
The  egg-puucturea  ou  grape-cane,  119 — Characters  of  the  egg, 
119 — General  appearance  of  the  cricket,  120. 

Eggs  of  the  snowy  tree-cricket,  GicanthuH  niveus,  VIO — Trees  and 
shrubs  attacked  by  this  cricket,  1-20— Tin;  egg.  120— Habits  and 
natural  history,  120— Injury  done  by  it,  121 — The  eggs  mistaken 
by  Fitch  for  those  of  tlie  Buffalo  tree-hopper,  121. 

Egg-punctures  of  the  Buffalo  tree-hopper,  Ceresa  bubahta,  121 — De- 
velopment of  the  larva,  121 — Cbaracters  and  habits  of  the  per- 
fect insect,  122 — Egg-punctures  of  some  unknown  tree-hopper, 
122. 

Egg-punctures  of  the  frosted  lighteuing-hopper,  Pceciloptera  prui- 
iiosa,  122 — Development  and  habits  of  the  inject,  122. 

Egg-punctures  probably  of  Urchclimum  glaberimum,  12"3 — The  egg, 
123 — Characters  and  habits  of  the  imago,  123. 

Eggs  of  the  oblong-winged  katydid,  Amhtycorypha  oMongifolia, 
123 — They  have  been  mistaken  by  Harris  for  those  of  the  broad- 
winged  catydid,  123— Ovipositors  and  modes  of  egg-laying  in 
the  three  katydids  occurring  in  Missouri,  124— Increase  in  thick- 
ness of  katydid  eggs  before  hatching,  124. 
Stinging  la.rv^ 125 

The  potato-worm  falsely  considered  as  a  stinging  caterpillar,  125 — 
General  harmlessuess  to  man  of  insect  larvie,  125 — Stinging  cat- 
erpillars in  Europe  and  North  America,  126 — List  of  such  larva) 
in  United  States,  126— Description  of  larva  and  chrysalis  of 
Acronycta  xylinoides,  126. 
The  buck  moth  or  maia  moth,  Hemileuca  maia 127 

Flight  and  characteristics  of  the  moth,  127— The  egg  and  mode  of 
©gS-iaying,  128 — Appearance  of  the  full-grown  larva,  129 — 
Larval  changes,  129 — Color  variations  of  the  larva,  130 — Habits 
of  the  young  larva,  130— The  sting  of  the  larva,  131— The  pupa, 
131— Issuing  of  the  moth,  132 — Irregularity  and  retardation  in 
development,  132;  the  species  benefits  thereby,  132— Food-plantB, 
132 — Natural  enemies,  132. 
The  io  moth,  Hyperchiria  io I'«i3 

The  male  and  female  moth,  133— The  egg,  134— The  larva  and  its 
urticating    power,   134  -Larval    changes,  135 — Pupation,   135 — 
Food-plants,  136 — Parasites,  136. 
The  green-striped  maplk-wokm,  Dryocamjya  rubicnnda 137 

Account  of  its  occurrence  in  great  numbers  in  Kausas,  137 — Injury 
done  by  it  to  soft  maples,  138— The  egg,  138— Larval  changes, 
138— The  chrysalis,  139- The  imago,  139— Natural  enemies,  139— 
Description  of  BelvoUia  bifasciata,  140 — Remedies,  141. 

innoxious  insects. 

The  hellgrammite  fly,  Corydalus cornutus 1^3 

The  eggs,  143— Respiratory  apparatus  of  the  larva,  143— Habits  of 
tbe  larva  when  about  to  transform,  143— The  pupa,  144— Sexual 
difference  in  the  imago,  145. 
The  goat-weed  butterfly,  Paj^^ia  «//.i/ce/-ium 1'*^ 

The  egg,  146— Habits  of  the  larva,  146— Larval  changes.,  146— 
Transformation,  147— New  food  plant,  147— Simulation  of  the 
color  of  the  food-plant  by  the  larva,  147— Two  annual  broods, 
148— Hibernation  of  the  imago,  148— Natural  enemies,  149. 


170  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF   ECONOMIC   ENTOMOLOGY. 

1329.  Riley,  C.  V.— Continued. 

On  a  new  genus  in  the  lepidopterous  family  Tineid.e  with  re- 
marks ON  THE  FERTILIZATION  OF  YucCA,  Protiuba  iiuccasella 150 

Generic  cbaructers  of  Pronuba,  150 — Description  of  Pronuba  yuc- 
caaella,  151 — Plants  requiring  tbe  aid  of  insects  for  fertilization, 
152 — Fertilization  of  orchids,  152 — Fructification  of  Yucca,  153 — 
Yuccas  must  rely  on  insects  for  fertilization,  153 — Insects  fre- 
*  qnenting  Yuccas,  154 — Diurnal  and  nocturnal  habits  of  Pronuba, 

154 — How  tbe  female  moth  fertilizes  the  plant,  154 — Oviposition, 
155 — The  larva  within  the  young  fruit,  155 — Description  of  the 
larva,  155 — Only  a  small  percentage  of  fruit  not  infested  by  the 
larva,  156 — The  larva  leaves  tbe  capsule  and  enters  tbe  ground 
for  hibernation,  156 — Mutual  adaptation  of  plant  and  insect, 
156 — The  moth  doubtless  occurs  wherever  Yuccas  grow  wild, 
157 — Easy  transportation  of  tbe  cocoon,  158 — Further  facts  re- 
garding the  fructification  of  Yucca  filamentosa  and  gloriosa,  158 — 
Yuccas  seeding  in  Europe,  159 — Range  of  tbe  insect,  159 — Mr. 
Stainton's  opinion  on  the  characters  on  the  Yucca  moth,  160. 

Note. — Pages  1-44  were  also  printed  as  a  separate,  with  title-page  cover. 
< Jefferson  City,  Mo.,  1873.     S.-b.  No.  19,  pp.  150-173. 

1330.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    New  York  without  a  State  entomologist.  <Moore's 

Rural  New  Yorker,  5  May,  1873.     S.-b.  No.  8,  p.  103. 

Needs  of  a  State  entomologist  for  New  York  ;  Salix  humilis  infested  with 
larva  of  Plectrodera  scalator. 

1331.  Riley,  C.  V.    Tent-caterpillar  of  the  forest.     <N.  Y.  Tribune, 

23  May,  1873.     S.-b.  No.  8,  pp.  64-65. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  T.  Gilbert;  means  against  eggs  of  Clisiocampa  syl- 
vatica  \_=^  disstria^. 

1332.  Riley,  C.  V.    Apple-tree  borer.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  23  May,  1873, 

S.  b.  No.  8,  p.  64. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Durbin  ;  means  agaihst  Saperda  bivittata  [=  candidaj. 

1333.  Riley,  C.  V.    Punctured  grape-canes.   <N.  Y.  Tribune,  23  May, 

1873.     S.-b.  No.  8,  p.  64. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  Snyder;  food-habits  and  means  against  (Ecanthus 
niveus. 

1334.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  codling  moth.    Weir's  trap.     <Amer.  Agric, 

May,  1873,  v.  32,  p.  184,  figs. 
Unsatisfactory  results  of  experiments  with  the  Weir  trap;  relative  value  of 
materials  used ;  criticism  of  J.  S.  Parker's  theory  for  tbe  extermiuation  of 
Carpocapsa  pomonella ;  this  species  breeds  in  apples,  wild  crabs,  pears, 
peaches,  and  plums ;  figures  females  and  tbe  abdomen  of  tbe  males  of  Pimpla 
annulipes  and  Macrocentrus  delicatus  parasitic  upon  the  apple-worm. 

1335.  Eiley,  C.  V.     Influence  of  extreme  cold  on  the  Curculio.    <Gar- 

dener's  Mo.  and  Hortic,  May,  1873,  v.  15,  pp.  137-139. 

Critical  review  of  T.  T.  Southwick's  article  of  same  title ;  extract  from  3d 
Ann.  Kept.  State  Ent.  Mo. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  171 

133G.  KiLEY,  C.  Y.  Oil  a  new  genus  in  the  lepidopterous  family  Tine- 
idw,  with  remarks  on  the  fertilization  of  Yucca.  <Trans. 
Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  June,  1873,  v.  3,  pp.  55-04,  2  figs.  Ite- 
printed,  with  omissions  and  slight  changes,  from  <5th  Ann. 
Kept.  State  Eut.  Mo.,  18  April,  1873,  pp.  150-100,  tigs.  74-75. 
Review  by  P.  C.  Zeller:  <Verli.  k.-k.  zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wien, 
1876,  Jahrg.  1875,  Bd.  25,  pp.  340-342.  Reply  to  Zeller: 
<Trans.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  January-March,  1870,  v.  3,  pp. 
325-320. 
Descriptiou  and  figures  of  Pronuba  n.  g.  and  of  larva  and  imago  of  /'.  yucca- 
sella  n.  sp.     See  No.  13'29  for  synopsis  of  contents. 

1337.  Riley,   C.   V.     Su[)plementary  notes    on    Pronuba    yuccasella. 

<Traus.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  June,  1873,  v.  3,  pp.  178-180,  tig. 
3.  Extract:  <Oth  Ann.  Rept.  State  Ent.  Mo.,  April,  1874,  pp. 
131-135,  fig.  3. 
Descriptions  and  figures  of  male  and  female  pupa  of  J'ronuba  yuccasella;  hi- 
bernation, imagination,  seasons,  and  distribution  of  the  same;  species  of 
Yucca  pollinated  by  it. 

1338.  RiLEY',  C.  V.    [To  destroy  the  cotton- worm.]    <I11.  Jour,  of  Agric, 

June,  1873.  Reprint:  <Colmau's  Rural  World,  1873 j  <Rural 
Alabamian,  July,  1873,  v.  2,  pp.  289-293 ;  <Mobile  Register, 
1873 ;  <Farmer's  Advocate,  1873.  Extract :  <Oth  Ann.  Rept. 
State  Ent.  Mo.,  1874,  pp.  17-18. 

Ravages  of  Aletia  argillacea  l=xyUna']  in  the  cotton  fields  of  Southern  United 
States;  inefficiency  of  measures  hitherto  employed  against  them;  recom- 
mends the  use  of  Paris  green;  directions  for  its  use;  natural  history,  de- 
scription of  egg,  larva,  and  imago  of  the  Aletia  ;  hibernation  of  the  imago. 

1339.  Riley,  O.V.     [Imported  plants  and  insects.]    <Trans.  Acad.  Sci. 

St.  Louis,  July,  1873,  v.  3,  pp.  42-43  Proc. 
Verbal  communication  ;  inequality  of  the  exchange  of  plants  and  insects  be- 
tween Europe  and  North  America;  extent  and  causes  of  the  same. 

1340.  RiLEY  C.  V.     [Mimicry  and  protective  resemblances.]    <Trans. 

Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  July,  1873,  v.  3,  pp.  44-45  Proc. 

Verbal  commuuication  ;  mimicry  of  Danain  archippux  liy  Limenitis  disippus 
and  consequent  greater  abundance  of  the  latter  than  of  L.  ursula. 

1341.  RiLEY,  C.  V.     [Silk-worms   fed  with  osage  orange.]     <Traiis. 

Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  July,  1873,  v.  3,  p.  47  Proc. 
Verbal  communication  ;  successful  reariug  of  silk-worms  on  Madura  auran- 
tiaca;  exhibition  of  cocoons  made  by  these  worms. 

1342.  Rlley,  C.  V.     [On  the  cause  of  deterioration  in  some  of  our  na- 

tive grape-vines.]     <Trans.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  July,  1873, 
V.  3,  pp.  51-52  Proc. 
Verbal  communication  ;  abstract  from  4th  Ann.  Rept.  State  Ent.  Mo. ;  failure 
of  grape-vines  attributed  largely  to  the  ravages  of  Phyllorcra  vaHtatrU. 

1343.  Riley,  C.  V.     [Insects  affecting  the  ailanthus.]     <Trans.  Acad. 

Sci.  St.  Louis,  July,  1873,  v.  3,  pp.  53-54  Proc. 
Mentions  (Eta  compta  i— imnctclla']  and  Attacus  cynthia. 


172  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECOXOMIJ    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1344.  KiLEY,  C.  V.     [Posthumous  papers  by  B.  D.  Walsh.]     <Trans. 

Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  July,  1873,  v.  3,  p.  77  Proc. 
Verbal  communication;   disposition   of  sundry  entomological   manuscripts 
left  by  B.  D,  Walsh. 

1345.  Rlley,  C.  V.    [Remarks  on  Shnuliumpiscicidium.]    <Traus.  Acad. 

Sci.  St.  Louis,  July,  1873,  v.  3,  p.  79  Proc. 
Verbal  communication ;  nature  and  supposed  ravages  of  Simulium  piscicidium. 

134G.  Elley'^,  C.V.  [On  An^/jerfmyawa-mat  as  a  silk-producer.]  <TraDS. 
Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  July,  1873,  v.  3,  p.  84  Proc. 

Verbal  communication;  superiority  of   Antheraa  yama-mai  to   other    silk- 
worms tried  as  substitutes  for  Sericaria  mori. 

1347.  Riley,  C.  V.     [On  galls  growing  on  wild  sage.]     <Trans.  Acad. 
Sci.  St.  Louis,  July,  1873,  v.  3,  p.  84  Proc. 
Verbal  communication;  occurrence  of  tiiree  distinct  undescribed  galls  on 
•Artemisia  tridentata  in  Utah. 

i;]48.  Riley,  C.  V.  [On  a  larva  of  Scenopinus  sp.  from  the  human 
lungs.]  <Trans.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  July,  1873,  v.  3,  p.  90 
Proc. 

Verbal  communication ;  a  larva  of  Scenopinus  sp.  found  in  human  expectora- 
tion; usual  food-habits  of  the  larvae  of  this  genus. 

1349.  Riley,  C.V.  Agricultural  editorial  excursion.  < Prairie  Farmer, 
1873,  V.  44 :  2  August,  p.  241 ;  9  August,  p.  248 ;  16  August,  p. 
256 ;  23  August,  p.  265  ^  30  August,  p.  273 ;  6  September,  p. 
281.  Reprint :  <Colmau's  Rural  World,  1873,  2,  9,  16,  23,  and 
30  August,  6  and  13  September.  See :  <Colorado  Mountaineer, 
1  August,  1877.  S.  b.  No.  14,  p.  102. 
Brief  notes  on  locusts. 

l.joO.  Riley,  C.  V.    Enemies  of  the  elm.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  7  August, 
1873.     S.-b.  No.  8,  pp.  56-57.     Reprint :  <Gardener's  Mo.  and 
Hortic,  August,  1876,  v.  18,  p.  246. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  S.  Watson  ;  natural   history  of  and  means  against 
Galeruca  calmariensis  [=  xanthomelxpna^. 

1.351.  Riley,  C.  V.    Entomological  information.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  16 
August,  1873.     S.-b.  No.  8,  p.  58. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  W. ;  description  of  a  number  of  traps  for  alluring 
and  destroying  insects. 

1352.  Riley,  C.  V.  "Controlling  sex  in  butterflies."  <Amer.  Nat., 
September,  1873,  v.  7,  pp.  513-521.  Separate :  <Salem,  Mass., 
August,  1873,  pp.  9. 
Critical  review  of  Mary  Treat's  article  of  same  title;  females  require  more 
nourishment  than  males  ;  sex  determined  in  the  egg  ;  ovipositior.  of  rapilio 
and  Anisota  [^  Dryocampa']  ;  larvae  can  not  be  forced  to  eat  more  than  is 
natural  to  them;  experiments  on  Thyridopteryx  ephemerceformis,  Orgyia 
leucostigma,  Clisiocamjfa  americana,  Hyperchiria  io,  Hemileuca  maia,  and  Ani- 
sota  1^=  Dryocampal  rubicunda  to  determine  the  eflect  of  the  stinting  of 
food  upon  the  deterrnination  of  sex  ;  eft'ect  of  this  upon  the  number  of  molts 
and  the  longevity  of  Orgyia  leucostigma  and  Megatoma  serra  ;  note  on  alter- 
nation of  generations  in  Cynips  [=  Andricus'}  quercus-ojierator  and  C.  [  =  -<4.] 
quercus-ojyeratola',  nature  of  parthenogenesis. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  173 

1353.  Riley,  C.  V.      Cotton    caterpillar.— Boll-worm.      <Rural   Ala- 

bamian,  October,  1873.     S.  b.  No.  10,  p.  121. 

Criticism  of  recent  articles  on  Anomis  \_=  Aletial  xylina,  HeUothi»  armigtra, 
aud  Phylloxera  I'astatiix. 

1354.  Riley,  C.  V.     On  the  oviposition  of  the  Yucca  moth.     <Amer. 

Nat.,  October,  1873,  v.  7,  pp.  619-023.  Abstract:  <Trans. 
Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  10  December,  1873—25  April,  1874,  v.  3, 
pp.  208-210.  Reprint,  with  slight  changes  and  omissions. 
<6th  Ann.  Rept.  State  Ent.  Mo.,  April,  1874,  pp.  131-135, 
fig.  38. 
See  No.  1363  for  synopsis  of  contents. 

1355.  Riley,  C.  V.     Phylloxera:  correction.      <Gardener's  jMo.   aud 

Hortic,  November,  1873,  v.  15,  p.  342. 
Critical  review  of  report  of  remarks  before  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences  of 
Philadelphia. 

1356.  Riley,  C.  V.     Hackberry  butterflies.     Descriptions  of  the  early 

stages  of  Apatura  lycaon,  Fabr.,  and  Apatura  herse,  Fabr. ; 
with  remarks  on  their  synonymy.  <Trans.  Acad.  Sci.  St. 
Louis,  10  December,  1873,  v.  3,  pp.  193-208,  figs.  3-6.  Reprint, 
with  slight  changes.  <6th  Ann.  Rept.  State  Eut.  Mo.,  April, 
1874,  pp.  136-148,  figs.  39-42. 
Treats  of  A.  lycaon  [=c'e?fi8]  and  A.herse  \_=clyton'\.  See  No.  1363  for  synopsis 
of  contents. 

1357.  Riley,  V.  C.     Economic  entomology.     <Traus.  Kansas  State 

Board  Agric.  for  1872,  1873,  pp.  292-325,  18  figs. 
Extract :  <Sci.  Amer. 

Characterization  of  entomology;  importance  of  and  means  against  noxious 
insects;  list  of  imported  noxious  insects  and  plants;  chapters  on  Anisota 
{^=: Dryocampa  rubicunda'],  Eriosoma pyri  1=^  Schizoyieura  Iaiiigera'\,  I'aleacriUi 
vernata,  Galleria  cereana,  OJstrus  oris,  Bruchus pisi,  Macrodactylus  sitbgpiiiotus, 
Couotrachelus  nenuphar,  and  Xysiua  destrudor  l=angustatu8'].  In  general, 
descriptions  and  figures  of  the  several  stages  and  accounts  of  the  habits  and 
food-plants  of  and  means  against  these  insects,  with  some  accounts  aud 
figures  of  their  enemies  and  parasites,  are  given.  Describes  especially  larva 
of  A nisota  [=/.».]  riibicinida  and  of  J'aleacrita  vernata  and  of  all  active 
stages  of  JN'//8i«s  destructor  [^^angustntus'\.  Figures  larva,  puparium,  and 
imago  of  Pipica  radicum,  imagos  of  Xothrua  oi'iron/x,  Microga.<<ter  [^  Apnn- 
/c/e«]  militarix,  Caloaoma  scrutator,  C.  calidum,  aud  BUhsus  leucopterus  and 
imago  and  nests  of  Eumenes  fraternus. 

Some  of  the  chapters  are  based  upon  and  some  are  reprinted  from  the  1st, 
2d,  and  3d  Ann.  Repta.  State  Ent.  Mo. 

1358.  Riley,  C.  V.     Curculios  on  pears.     <I11.  Journ.  Agric,  1873. 

S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  109-110,  figs.  1-2, 
Habits,  history,  and  means  against   Conoirachclua  nenuphar,  C.  cratwgi,  and 
Anthonomtis  quadrigibbua  ;  figures  the  two  last-named  species. 

1359.  Riley,  C.  V.     Length  of  thread  of  the  silk-worm.    <Popular  Sci. 

Monthly,  February,  1874,  v.  4,  p.  508. 
Correction  of  statements  in  A.  de  Quatrefage's  "  Silk-worms  and  sericulture" 
as  to  the  length  aud  weight  of  the  liber  in  a  single  cocooiPuf  <be>iaoia  won. 


174  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1360.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    A  new  (?)  segerian  maple-borer.     <Amer.  Nat., 
February,  1874,  v.  8,  pp.  123-124. 

Critical  review  of  P.  Gennadius's  "A  new  segerian  maple-borer."  TrochiUum 
acericolum  is  tbe  well-kuown  JSfieria  acenii,  injurious  to  maple-trees. 

1301.  Elley,  C.  V.    Eutomology  in  Missouri.     <Amer.  Nat.,  March, 
1874,  V.  8,  pp.  181-188. 
Reply  to  criticisms  of  A.  S.  Packard;  discussion  on  tbe  number  of  segments 
in  tbe  bead  of  an  insect,  on  classification,  aud  ou   Alylilaspis  pomicorticis 
[= pomorum']. 

1362.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    Economic  eutomology.    <  Amer.  Nat.,  March,  1874, 

V.  8,  pp.  189-190. 

Demand  for  more  attention  to  and  better  representation  of  tbe  agricultural 
interests  of  tbe  country.  Inadequacy  of  measures  propounded  for  tbe 
wbolesale  destruction  of  noxious  insects. 

1363.  EiLEY,  C.  Y.     Sixth  annual  report  on  the  noxious,  beneficial,  and 

other  insects  of  tlie  State  of  Missouri,  made  to  the  State  Board 
of  Agriculture,  pursuant  to  an  appropriation  for  this  purpose 
from  the  legislature  of  the  State.  <9th  Ann.  Eept.  State  Board 
of  Agric.  for  1873,  March,  1874,  pp.  169+12,  55  figs.  Separate: 
< Jefferson  City,  Mo.,  March,  1874,  pp.  169+12,  55  tigs. 

Table  of  contents  3 

Preface 6 

NOXIOUS  insects. 

Notes  of  the  year *9 

Tbe  codling-motb,  Carpocapsa  pomonella 9 

Failure  of  tbe  apple  crop  in  1873,  9 — Dr.  Le  Baron's  observations  on 
tbe  babits  of  tbe  worm,  9 — Proportion  of  worms  leaving  tbe  fruit 
before  it  falls,  10 — How  it  atlects  pears,  10 — Time  and  metbod  of 
using  bandages,  10 — Westward  spread  of  tbe  insect,  10. 
Tbe  Colorado  potato-beetle,  Doryphora  10-lineata • 11 

How  it  bas  affected  tbe  price  of  potatoes,  11 — New  food-plants, 
11 — Its  progress  eastward  during  1873,  12 — Improved  metbodsof 
using  Paris  green,  13 — Device  for  jarring  off  tbe  bugs,  14 — Euro- 
pean publications  on  tbe  insect,  15 — Danger  of  its  introduction 
into  Europe,  15 — Precautionary  measures  to  be  taken  in  Europe, 
16. 
Tbe  cotton- worm,  Alefia  xyliiia 17 

Paris  green  suggested  as  remedy,  17 — Address  before  tbe  National 
Agricultural  Congress,  17 — Mr.  Glover's  summary  on  experience 
witb  Paris  green,  19— Experiments  witb  tbe  poison,  19— Jobn- 
son's  sprinkling  macbine,  20— Patents  on  Paris  green,  20 — Tbe 
Royal  mixture,  21— Hibernation  of  tbe  insect,  22 — Natural  ene- 
mies, 23— Geographical  range,  23— Position  of  tbe  motb  wben 
aligbting,  24. 
Tbe  canker-worm,  Paleacrita  vernata;  Anisopteryx pometaria 24 

Dr.  Le  Baron's  summary  of  remedies,  24— Mr.  Milliken's  experience 
witb  tbe  rope  aud  tiu  trap,  25— Tbe  Paris  green  remedy,  26— A 
new  trougb,  26— Birds  which  destroy  the  worm,  27— Mr.  Mann's 
observations  on  tbe  insect,  28— Two  species  have  hitherto  been 
confouuded,  28— The  English  sparrow  and  the  increase  of  the 
white-marked  tussock-moth,  29. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  175 

1363.  KiLEY,  C.  v.— Continued. 

IXSKCTS    INJURIOUS  TO  THE  GRAPE-VINE 30 

The  o rape  Phylloxera,  Phyllvxera  vastatrix ;jO 

The  term  "Phylloxera,"  30— Bibliographical  history,  30— Charac- 
ters of  the  geuus  and  its  position  in  the  system,  33— Biological 
history,  33— Diflerent  forms  which  the  insect  assumes,  33 -The 
gall-inhabiting  form,  34— The  root-inhabiting  form,  38— Balbi- 
ani's  discovery  of  the  true  sexual  individuals  and  the  winter  egg 
of  Phylloxera  qitercua,  41— The  winter  egg  not  essential  to  the 
winter  life  of  the  grape  Phylloxera,  42— Polymorphism  in  Phyl- 
loxera, 43— Conclusive  proof  of  the  identity  of  the  root-  and  gall- 
lice,  44— Practical  considerations,  44— The  more  manifest  and  ex- 
ternal effects  of  the  disease,  44— Mode  of  spreading,  45— Swarm- 
ing of  winged  specimens  of  Phylloxera  carya-folm,  45— Power  of 
flight  in  the  grape  Phylloxera,  45— Spread  of  the  disease  through 
the  winged  females,  46— Susceptibility  of  difterent  vines  to  the 
disease,  46— Practical  importance  of  knowing  the  more  resisting 
and  more  susceptible  vines,  46— List  of  the  cultivated  species 
and  varieties  of  vines  indicating  their  relative  susceptibility  to 
Phylloxera,  47— Prophylactic  means  of  coping  with  the  disease, 
48— Grafting  the  more  susceptible  on  to  the  roots  of  resisting 
vines,  48— Other  preventive  measures.  50— Natural  enemies,  50— 
Insect  enemies  of  the  gall-louse,  50— Enemies  of  the  root-louse, 
52— The  Phylloxera  mite,  52— Difl:*erent  forms  assumed  by  mites 
in  their  development,  'o-2— B oplophora  arctata,  53— Peculiarities 
of  the  Oribatidw,  54— Direct  remedies,  55— Submersion  a  perfect 
remedy,  55— Application  of  pure  insecticides  without  satisfactory 
results,  56— Range  of  the  insect  in  America,  57— Injury  caused  by 
it  in  America,  58— Reasons  why  the  insect  is  more  injurious  in 
Europe,  59— False  theories,  60— The  Phylloxera  is  the  cause  and 
not  the  effect  of  the  disease,  60— It  is  a  native  American  insect 
and  has  been  imported  into  Europe,  62— It  is  peculiar  to  the 
grape-vine,  63— The  American  oak  Phylloxera  and  its  natural 
history,  64— Conclusion,  65. 

Appendix  and  notes  to  the  article  on  grape  Phylloxera 66 

Diagnosis  of  Phylloxera  vastatrix,  66— Influence  of  the  insect's 
puncture,  67— The  supposed  male  of  the  gall-louse,  67— The  non- 
cultivation  of  the  Clinton  grape,  67— Transient  nature  of  the 
leaf-galls,  68— Constancy  of  the  diflerences  between  the  forms 
assumed  by  the  insect,  68— Supposed  sexual  individuals,  68— 
Number  of  generations  annually  produced,  69— Number  of  molts, 
69— Transplanting  root-lice  on  to  the  leaves,  69— Nature  of  the 
•swelling  on  the  roots  produced  by  Phylloxera,  70— The  tiue 
grape-vines  of  the  United  States,  by  Dr.  G.  Engelmaun,  70— 
Exceptional  instances  where  the  European  vine  has  succeeded 
in  America,  76— Grafting  the  more  susceptible  on  to  the  roots  of 
the  resisting  varieties,  78— Descriptions  of  Tyroylyphm  phylloxera: 
and  Hoplophora  arctata,  81— Efficacy  of  inundating  the  vineyards, 
82— Facts  showing  that  the  disease  of  grape-vines  in  America  is 
principally  caused  by  Phylloxera,  82— Description  of  Phylloxera 
rileyi,  86— The  true  sexual  individuals  and  the  winter  egg,  86. 
The  blue  caterpillars  of  the  vine 87 

1.  The  grape-vine  Epimenis,  Paychomorpha  epimenia,  87— Habits  and 
characters  of  the  larva,  87— Descrijition  of  larva  and  chrysalis,  SS. 

2.  The  beautiful  wood  uyniph,  Eiidryas  //rrr/^,  88— Characters  and 
food-plants  of  the  larva,  88-The  moth  aad  the  egg,  89— Descrip- 
tion of  the  e-jg  and  lurva,  89— Of  the  chrysalis,  90. 


176  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1363.  Riley,  C.  V.— Continued. 

Insects  injurious  to  the  Grape-vine— Continued. 

3.  The  pearl  wood  nymph,  Eudryas  unio,  90 — Its  larva  almost  un- 
tlistinguishable  rom  that  of  the  foregoing  species,  90— Food- 
plant,  91— Distinguishing  characters  of  the  moth,  91 — Mr.  Lint- 
uer's  description  of  the  larva,  92 — Mr.  Liutner  on  the  diiference 
between  the  larva  of  Eudryas  grata  and  E.  unio,  93. 

4.  The  eight-spotted  forester,  Alypia  octomaculata,  94 — Description 
of  the  larva,  94  ;  chrysalis  and  imago,  95. 

Summary,  95— Comparison  of  the  larvae  of  these  four  species,  95 — 
Remedies  9G. 
The  red-legged  ham-beetle,  Necrohia  rufipes 96 

Its  popular  name,  96 — It  has  been  the  cause  of  an  interesting  law- 
suit, 9G;  entomological  information  necessary  to  a  just  verdict, 
9b — Another  case  before  a  jury  requiring  botanical  knowledge, 
98— Injury  cajised  by  the  beetle  in  St.  Louis,  99— The  eggs,  and 
how  they  are  deposited,  99 — The  larva  and  its  habits,  99— The 
pupa,  99 — Prevention,  100— Other  species  associated  with  it,  100 — 
Habits  of  other  species  of  Cleridce,  101 — How  Necrohia  ruficollia 
saved  the  life  of  Latreille,  101 — Description  of  the  larva  of  Ne- 
a-obia  rufipes,  101 — Description  of  the  pupa,  102. 
The  clover-hay  worm,  Asopia  costalis 102 

Its  geographical  distribution,  102 — It  has  probably  been  imported 
from  Europe,  101 — Its  past  history  and  accounts  of  damage 
caused  by  it,  102 — Its  natural  history,  105 — Remedies,  105 — De- 
scription of  larva  and  chrysalis,  106 ;  of  the  imago,  107 — Its  al- 
lied congener,  Asopia  olinalis,  107. 
The  legged  maplk-borkr,  JSgeria  aeerni 107 

The  burrows  of  the  larva,  108 — Appearance  of  the  moth,  108 — Re- 
marks on  the  nomenclature  of  the  species,  108 — lujury  caused 
by  it  to  maples,  109 — It  attacks  only  trees  already  injured  by 
some  cause  or  another,  109 — Remedies,  110 — Description  of  imago, 
larva,  and  pupa,  110. 
The  RASPi'ERRY  ROOT-BORER,  Bembecia  marginata Ill 

Work  of  Oberea  perspiciUata  in  canes  of  raspberry  and  blackberry, 
HI — Injury  caused  by  the  root-borer.  Ill — General  appearauce 
and  habits  of  the  worm,  112 — Description  of  imago  and  larva, 
113. 
The  Northern  brenthian,  Eupsalis  minuta 113 

Its  occurrence  and  distribution,  113 — Characteristics  of  the  beetle, 
114 — Fighting  habits  of  the  males,  114 — How  the  male  assists  the 
female  in  ovipositing,  115 — How  much  time  is  required  for  the 
transformations  of  the  insect,  115— Habits  of  the  larva,  115— De- 
scription of  the  larva,  115;  of  the  pupa,  116— Real  position  of 
the  breuthians  in  the  system,  IIG — The  specific  and  generic 
names,  116 — How  another  larva  has  been  mistaken  for  that  of  the 
Northern  brenthian,  117 — Description  of  this  larva,  which  evi- 
dently belongs  to  the  Tenebrionida,  118. 
The  jumping  sumach-beetle,  Blepharida  rhois 118 

Sumach  industry  in  Europe  and  America,  118— Species  of  sumach 
possessing  economic  value,  119— Appearance  and  habits  of  the 
beetle,  119 — The  egg-masses,  120— Development  and  habits  of 
the  larv.i,  120— Tiausformation,  120— The  two  annual  broods, 
120— Injury  caused  by  it  to  the  sumachs,  121 — Geographical 
range,  121- Remedies,  121— Description  of  larva  and  pupa,  121 — 
Variations  of  the  beetle.  122. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  177 

1363.  Riley,  C.  Y.— Continued. 

BENEFICIAL  INSECTS. 

The  unadorned  Tiphia  or  white  gruii  parasite,  Tiphia  inornata  ..  123 
Other  enemies  of  the  whito-<^rub,  1*23 — Cocoon  anil  larva  of  Tiphia, 
123 — It  is  uudonbtedly  a  parasite  of  the  white-grub,  124 — Char- 
acters of  the  geuiis  Tiphia,  124 — Habits  of  Tiphia  femorata,  124 — 
Habits  of  the  Tiphia  larva,  124 — Characters  of  the  Unadorned 
Tiphia,  125 — Beetle  parasitic  upon  it,  125 — Description  of  larva 
and  imago,  12G — The  species  has  been  described  under  thiee  dif- 
ferent names,  126. 

INNOXIOUS  INSECTS. 

The  DOMINICAN  case-bearer,  Cosciitoptera  dominicana 127 

Characters  of  the  beitle,  127 — Mode  of  oviposition,  128 — Oviposi- 
tion  of  Chlamys  plicata,  128 — The  young  larva  and  its  food- 
habits,  129 — The  case  of  the  larva,  129 — Characters  of  the  larva, 
130 — Time  required  for  its  development,  130. 

The  Yucca  moth,  Fronuha  yuccasella 131 

Its  natural  history  completed,  131 — Description  of  the  chrysalis, 
131 — Hatching  of  the  chrysalis,  132 — Method  of  oviposition,  133 — 
Oviposition  is  followed  by  pollination,  134 — ^The  egg  in  the  young 
fruit  and  the  embryo  larva,  134 — It  is  the  only  insect  that  can 
well  fertilize  the  Yuccas,  135. 

Hackberry  butterflies 136 

The  European  purple  Emperor,  136 — Insufficient  former  account  of 
their  earlier  states,  136 — Species  of  Celtis  in  Missouri,  137. 

The  eyed  Emperor,  Apatura  celtis 1.37 

.  The  full-grown  larva,  137 — Habits  of  the  larva,  138 — Pupation, 
138— ^The  imago,  139 — The  egg  and  the  young  larva,  139 — Two 
annual  broods,  139— Hibernation  of  the  young  larva,  140. 

The  tawny  Emperor,  Apatura  dyton 140 

How  it  diflfers  from  the  eyed  emperor,  140 — The  egg,  141 — Larval 
changes  and  habits,  141 — Egg  parasite,  142. 

Bibliographical 142 

The  generic  name,  142 — The  specific  names  of  the  two  species, 
143 — Fabricius's  original  description  of  hjcaon  and  herae,  144 — 
Other  species  of  the  genus  in  the  United  States,  145 — On  the 
validity  of  alicia,  145 — Descrii)tions  of  the  earlier  states  of  both 
species,  146 — Their  popular  names,  148 — The  scientific  specific 
names,  149. 

Katydids 150 

General  considerations,  150 — Spring  in  Europe  and  America,  151 — 
Stridulating  noise  produced  by  crickets  and  grasshoppers,  152 — 
Sounds  inaudible  to  man,  152 — Grasshoppers,  katydids,  locusts, 
153 — Habits  and  general  appearance  of  our  katydids,  154 — They 
oviposit  above  ground,  154 — Their  ovipositors  not  rudimeutal, 
1.55. 

The  angular-winged  katydid,  Microcentrnm  retinerve  155 

It  is  the  most  common  species  in  Missouri,  155 — General  character 
*of  the  insect,  155 — The  eggs,  1.55— Erroneous  statement  concern- 
ing the  egg,  156— How  the  female  deposits  the  eggs,  1.56— Num- 
ber of  eggs  laid  by  the  feniale,  158 — Hatching  of  the  larva,  158 — 
Food  of  the  larva,  158 — Changing  from  the  pupa  to  the  perfecti 
12  ENT 


178  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1363.  Riley,  C.  V.— Contiuued. 

state,  159 — Its  song,  159 — It  is  capable  of  doniesticatioa  to  a  cer- 
tain degree,  160— Description  of  the  immature  states,  161 — Nat- 
ural enemies,  162— The  back-rolling  Wonder,  an  egg-parasite, 
162 — Curious  habit  of  the  female  Antigaster,  162 — Description  of 
Aniigaster  mirabiUs,  163 — Striking  sexual  differences,  163. 

The  narrow-winged  Katydid,  Scudderia  curvicauda 164 

Distinguishing  characters,  164 — Method  of  oviposition,  165 — The 
egg,  165 — Its  song,  166 — Description  of  larva  and  pupa,  166. 

The  broad-winged  Katydid,  CijrtophyUus  concavus 167 

It  is  the  true  katydid,  167 — Distinguishing  characters,  167 — Mode 
of  oviposition  as  observed  in  conlinement,  167 — Mr.  Jaeger's 
erroneous  statement  regarding  the  oviposition,  168 — Its  song, 
168. 

The  oblong- winged  katydid,  Amilycori/pha  oilongifolia 169 

It  has  not  yet  been  found  in  Missouri,  169 — Distinguishing  charac- 
ters, 169 — The  eggs  not  yet  known,  169 — Abnormal  female  speci- 
men, 169. 

1364.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    The  Colorado  potato-beetle  abroad.     <N.  Y.  Tri- 

buue,  1  April,  1874.     S.-b.  No.  10,  i).  37. 

Criticism  of  some  articles  on  Doryphora  decemlineata  published  in  Europe ; 
danger  of  the  importation  of  the  insect  into  Europe,  and  suggestion  of 
means  to  prevent  such  introduction. 

1365.  KiLEY,  C.  V.     Cabbage-lice.    <N.  Y.  Tribune,  8  April,  1874. 

S.-b.  No.  10,  ])p.  33-34. 
Answer  to  letter  from  Mrs.  M.  Walker ;  means  against  Aphis  irassicw. 

1366.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    Peach-borers.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  8  April,  1874. 

S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  34. 

Answer  to  letter  from  W.  J.  Clary  ;  a  peach-tree  whose  base  was  surrounded 
by  ice  in  winter  was  free  from  borers;  this  observation  of  slight  signifi- 
cance. 

1367.  RiLEY,  C.  V.    Apply  soap.    <N.  Y.  Tribune,  8  April,  1874.    S.-b. 

No.  10,  p.  34. 

Answer  to  letter  from  T.  H.  Wakeley ;  means  against  Saperda  Mvitiata  [=cari- 
dida"]  and  Chrysohothris  fcmoruta. 

1368.  Riley,  C.  V.    Meadow  enemy.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  8  April,  1874. 

S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  34. 

Answer  to  letter  from  D.  Freeman  ;  ravages  of  a  species  of  Tipula  in  grass 
lands  in  California  ;  characters  of  the  genus;  habits  of  and  means  against 
the  same. 

1369.  Riley,  C.  V.    A  remedy  for  the  cotton-worm.     <N.  Y.  Tribune, 

22  April,  1874.     S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  25-26.     Reprint :  <Vicksburg 
Herald,  1  May,  1874. 

Experiments  with  Paris  green;  advocacy  of  its  use  against  Aletia  argillacea 
l=xylina'}  ;  directions  for  and  successful  results  of  this  use. 

1370.  Riley,   C.   V.    Descriptions  of  two  new  subterranean   mites. 

<Trans.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  25  April,  1874,  v.  3,  pp.  215-216, 
figs.  8-9. 
Description  and  figures  of  Tyroglyphus  phylloxera;  n.  sp,  [p.  215J  and  of  Hoplo- 
phora  arctata  n.  sp.  [p.  216J ;  food-habits  of  the  same. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  179 

1371.  ElLEY,  C.  Y.    The  habits  of  Polistes  and  Pelopccm.    <Amer.  Nat., 

April,  1874,  v.  8,  pj).  229-231. 
Critical  review  of  P.  R.  Uhler's  article  "  Ou  a  remarkable  wasp's  nest  found 
in  a  stump  in  Marylantl ; "  probably  tlio  nests  and  specimens  of  Pelopw.ua 
lunatus  \^^cemeniariu!i'\  were  mistaken  for  those  of  PoHstes  fnscatns  [:=»ie- 
iricits],  in  which  case  the  observations  criticised  present  no  remarkable 
features. 

1372.  Riley,  0.  V.    The  pliim  Cnrculio ;  natural  history  and  how  to 

catch  him.  <N.  Y.  Semi-weekly  Tribune,  1  May,  1874.  S.-b. 
No.  10,  pp.  18-19;  38-40.  Extract:  <Cultivator  and  Couutry 
Gentleman,  14  May,  1874,  v.  39,  p.  310.  <New  England  Farmer, 
18  July,  1874,  [v.  53,]  n.  s.,  v.  29,  p.  1.  See  :  <Indust.  Record, 
5  February,  1875.     S.-b.  No.  1«,  pp.  46-48. 

Natural  history  of  and  means  against  Conotrachelus  nenuphar  ;  figures  of  the 
several  stages  of  the  insect  and  of  machines  for  catching  the  same. 

1373.  BiLEY,  C.  V.     The  apple-worm;  natural  history  ;  remedies.    <N. 

Y.  Tribune,  20  May,  1874.     S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  8-9;  37-38. 

Description  and  figures  of  the  several  stages  of  Carpocapsa  pomonella ;  habits 
of  and  means  against  the  same. 

1374.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  grape  Phylloxera.     < Popular  Sci.  Monthly, 

May,  1874,  v.   5,  pp.   1-16,   7   figs.     Reprinted,   with   slight 
changes,  from  <6tli  Ann.  Rept.  State  Ent.  Mo.,  April,  1874, 
pp.  30-46. 
See  No.  1363  for  synopsis  of  contents. 

1375.  Riley,  C.  Y.    Rose  chafers  on  grape-vines.     <Colman's  Rural 

World,  20  June,  1874,  fig.     S  -b.  No.  17,  pp.  103, 104. 

Natural  history  and  means  against  Macrodactylus  subspinosus ;  tigure  of  the 
same. 

1376.  RiLEY',  C.  Y.    More  about  the  grape-vine  pest.    <Popular  Sci. 

Monthly,  June,  1874,  v.  5,  pp.  158-170, 10  figs.    Reprinted,  with 
changes  and  omissions,  from  <6th  Ann.  Rept.  State  Ent.  Mo., 
April,  1874,  pp.  47-60,  04-65. 
See  No.  1363  for  synopsis  of  contents. 

1377.  Riley,  C.  Y.    Scale  insects  on  magnolia.    <N.  Y.  Tribune,  15 

July,  1874.    S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  24. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  R.  H.  Day  ;  occurrence  of  an  undescribed  Lecanium  sp.  ? 
on  the  leaves  of  Magnolia  fuscata. 

1378.  Riley,  C.  Y.    Confounding  friend  with  foe.    <N.  Y.  Tribune,  15 

July,  1874,  2  figs.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  24. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  J.  Day;  usefulness  of  Arrna  [-z  Podisus}  sjyinosus 
figure  of  the  same.  lujury  to  j)lums  by  Anthonomiiii  2)rnnicida  [=CoccotorM» 
scuiellarisl ;  figure  of  and  means  against  the  same. 

1379.  Rlley,  C.  Y.    The  Colorado  potato-beetle  in  New  York.     <N.  Y. 

Tribune,  15  July,  1874.     S.b.  No.  10,  p.  24. 
Answer  to  letter  from  J.  11.  P. ;  eastern  limit  of  the  range  of  Doryphora  do. 
cemHneata  in  1873  and  1874, 


180  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1380.  Riley,  C.  V.    Large  willow-worm.    <N.  Y.  Tribune,  15  July, 
1874.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  24. 
Answer  to  letter  of  J.  H.  P. ;  food-plants,  habits,  and  means  against  Cimhex 
laportei  [_^  ainericana']. 

1S81.  Riley,  C.  V.    Black  blister-beetles  on  iwtatoes.     <N.  Y.  Tribune, 
22  July,  1874.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  17. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  Barr;  ravages  of  and  means  against  Epicauta  puncti- 
collis. 

1382.  Riley,  C.  V.    Pear-tree  slug.    <N.  Y.  Tribune,  22  July,  1874. 

S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  17. 
Answer  to  letter  of  C.  S.  B. ;  means  against  Selandria  \_=:  Erioeampa']  ceraai, 

1383.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  plug-ugly  theory.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  22  July, 

1874.    S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  17. 
Answer  to  letter  of  O.  J.  B. ;  insertion  of  sulphur,  calomel,  and  similar  pow- 
ders in  the  trunks  of  trees  has  no  effect  upon  the  sap  or  upon  the  insects 
which  injure  the  trees. 

1384.  Riley,  C.  V.    Cockscomb  elm-gall.    <N.  Y.  Tribune,  22  July, 

1874.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  17. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  S.  Ruby ;  Thelaxes  [=  Colopha"]  ulmicola  forms  ex- 
crescences on  the  American  elm. 

1385.  Riley,  C.  V.    Pitcher-plant  insects.    < Hartford  [Conn.]  Daily 

Courant,  15  August,  1874,  v.  38,  No.  195,  p.  1.  See :  <N.  Y. 
Tribune  Extra :  Lecture  and  Letter  series  No.  21,  August,  1874, 
pp.  56-58,  fig.  Reprint:  <Nature,  8  October,  1874,  v.  10,  pp. 
463-465,  figs.  1-2.  Abstract :  <Sci.  Amer.,  12  September,  1874 
[v.  45],  n.  s.,  V.  31,  p.  168.  <Amer.  Nat.,  November,  1874,  v.  8, 
pp.  684-087.  Reprint  of  abstract :  <Hardwicke's  Science 
Gossip,  December,  1874,  v.  10,  pp.  272-275,  figs.  179-182.  Ex- 
tract: <Ca.  Ent.,  November,  1874,  v.  6,  pp.  207-214,  figs. 
25-26.  Reprint  of  extract:  <Proc.  Amer.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci. 
for  1874,  June,  1875,  v.  23,  pp.  18-25,  2  figs.  Separate  of  re- 
print :  <Salem,  Mass.,  December,  1874,  pp.  18-25,  figs. 

Insect-catching  habits  of  Sarracenia  variolaris  ;  list  of  its  victims;  habits 
and  figures  of  all  stages  of  Xanthoptera  [=  Exyra'\  semicrocea  and  Sarcophaga 
8arrace7ii(P  -.  capture  of  insects  by  other  plants. 

1386.  Riley,  C.  V.    On  the  habits  and  transformations  of  Canthon  hud- 

sonias,  Forst.;  the  common  "  tumbledung."  <Hartford  [Conn.] 
Daily  Courant,  18  August,  1874,  No.  11162,  v.  38,  No.  197,  p.  2. 
Reprint:    <N.  Y.  Tribune  Extra:  Lecture  and  Letter  series, 
No.  21,  August,  1874,  pp.  75-76. 
Breeding  habits  and  oviposition  of  Canthon  hudsonias  l=lcevi8']. 

1387.  Riley,  C.  Y.    On  the  larval  habits  of  the  cantharid  genera  Upi- 

cauta  and  Senous.  <Hartford  [Conn.]  Daily  Courant,  18  Au- 
gust, 1874,  No.  11162,  v.  38,  No.  197,  p.  2.  See:  <N.  Y.  Tri- 
bune Extra :  Lecture  and  Letter  series.  No.  21,  August,  1874, 
p.  76. 
Habits  and  hypermetamorphosis  of  Meloe  angusticollia ;  probably  parasitic 
food-habits  of  young  larv»  of  Epicai^ta  and  tlenqus)  the  images  phytQt 
pJiagoue, 


BIBLIOGRAPHY   OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  181 

1388.  EiLEY,   C.   V.     Humming-bird  moths  caught  by  the  tongue. 

<Moore's  Rural  New  Yorker,  29  xVugust,  1874,  v.  30,  p.  140. 
Method  of  capture  of  insects,  particularly  moths  by  the  flowers  of  Phyaian- 
thus  albe»8;  capture  of  insects  by  other  flowers. 

1389.  Riley,  0  .V.    The  io  moth  {Saturnia  io).    <Illust.  Journ.  Agric, 

August,  1874,  figs. 
Answer  to  inquirj'  of  G.  Barter;  natural  history  of  Saturnia[^:=  Byperchiria] 
io ;  figures  larva  and  ,J  and  9  imagos. 

1390.  Riley,  C.  Y.     Descriptions  and  natural  history  of  two  insects 

which  brave  the  dangers  of  Sarracenia  variolaris.  <Trans. 
Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  1  September,  1874,  v.  3,  pp.  235-240,  figs. 
10-11. 

Description  of  leaf  of  ^an-acewia  variolaris  and  its  function  of  entrapping  and 
digesting  insects;  description  and  figures  of  eggs,  larva,  chrysalis,  and 
iiaago  of  Xanthojytera  [^^  Exyra}  semi-crocea  nnd  larva,  pnparium  and  imago 
of  Sarcophaga  sarraceiiiw  n.  sp. ;  habits  of  the  two  species;  comparison  of 
S.  sarraceuice  with  S.  carnaria  and  of  the  genera  Jl/i/sca,  CaUiphora,  and  5ar- 
cophaga;  notice  of  A.  S.  Packard's  "Transformation  of  the  common  house- 
fly." 

1391.  [RiLEY",  C.  v.]     [Discussion  on  entomology.]     <Trans.  111.  State 

Hortic.  Soc.  for  1873,  1874,  n.  s.,  v.  7,  i)p.  100-104. 
Description,  habits,  and  means  against  Anisopferyx;  effect  of  late  plowing; 
enemies  oi Doryphora  W-Ui^ata]  habits  of  GastropMlus  equi, 

1392.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Note  on  leaf-hopper.     <Trans.  111.  State  Aortic. 

Soc.  for  1873,  1874,  n.  s.,  v.  7,  ]).  138. 
Meaus  against  Erythroneura  [=  Typhlocyba}  ritis, 

1393.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     [Notes  on  the  strawberry  crown  borer.]     <Tran8. 

111.  State  Hortic.  Soc.  for  1873,  1874,  n.  s.,  v.  7,  p.  147. 

Description,  habits,  and  means  against  Tyloderma  fragarice . 

1394.  Riley,  C.  V.     Lecture  on  entomology.     <Trans.  111.  Hortic.  Soc. 

for  1873,  1874,  n.  s.,  v.  7,  pp.  172-178,  figs.  1-3.  Reprint:  <3d 
Ann.  Rept.  Sec.  State  Pomol.  Soc,  Mich,  fof  1873, 1874,  pp.  443- 
448.  Abstract:  <Rept.  U.  S.  Commis.  Agric.  for  1873,  1874, 
[30  March,  1875],  pp.  389-390. 
Habits  of  and  means  against  Carpocapsa  pomonella  ;  habits,  transformations, 
prolificacy  of  and  means  against  P/ii///oj:e>-a  vastatris;  description  and  fig- 
ures of  leaf-galls;  figures  of  root- and  gall-forms;  history  and  meaning  of 
the  word  ''Phylloxeray'  statement  by  D.  B.  Wier  concerning  the  inven- 
tion and  use  of  Wier'a  apple-worm  trap. 

1395.  RiLEY',  C.  V.     "  Walking-sticks  or  specters"  becoming  injurious. 

<N.  Y.  Weekly  Tribune,  11  November,  1874,  tig.  S.-b.  No.  23, 
p.  103. 

Ravages  in  Yates  County,  N.  Y.,  vernacular  names,  habits  of,  and  meaus 
against  Diapheromera  femorata;  description  of  its  eggs;  figure  of  imago. 

1396.  RiLEY,  C.  V.     Entomological  notes.     <Sci.  Amer.,  5  December, 

1874  [v.  45],  n.  s.,  V.  31,  p.  350. 
Pemphigus  imbricator  found  on  beech;  vesicatory  potato-beetles.   Meloidc^; 
cow   manure    and   cow   urine  one  of  the  earliest    supposed  remedies  for 
Phylloxera. 


182  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1397.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  bark  louse.     <Beach,  A.  E.    The  Science  Re- 

cord for  1874,  K  Y.,  1874,  p.  356. 
Discovery  of  the  male  of  Mytilaspis  conchiformis  [=jJo»ior!<m]. 

1398.  Riley,  C.  V.    Codling-moth  heresies.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  2  Jan- 

uary, 1875.     S.  b.  No.  13,  p.  1G3. 

Criticism  of  paper  of  S.  B.  Peck ;  Carpocapsa  pomonella  confines  its  attacks 
to  one  apple  and  does  not  enter  the  ground. 

1399.  Riley,  C.  Y.     Shall  we  scrape  our  trees  ?    <N.  Y.  Tribune,  6 

February,  1875.     S.-b.  Xo.  10,  p.  10. 
Careful  scraping  of  trees  early  in  spring  is  beneficial  as  a  safeguard  against 
the  attacks  of  many  injurious  insects. 

1400.  Riley,  C.  Y.     What   are   army- worms  ?     <X.    Y.  semi- weekly- 

Tribune,  6  February,  1875. 
Diflereuces  between  Laplujgmn  frugiptrda  and  Leucania  unipuncta. 

1401.  Riley,  C.  V.     The  hickory  bark-borer,  Scolytus  caryce.     <Col- 

man's  Rural  World,  6  February,  1875.     S.-b.  J^o.  17,  p.  105. 

Natural  history  of  Scolytus  caryic  [^  4-s;pinosHs]. 

1402.  Riley,  C.  V.     Genuine  vs.  bogus  chinch-bugs.     <N.  Y.  Tribune, 

10  February,  1875,  figs.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  10. 

Answer  to  iuquiry  of  C.  H.  Cushing;  food-habits  and  figures  of  ^(/sjws  de- 
struclor  [_=^(uigustatus~\  and  Blissus  leucophrus',  larva,  of  Deilephila  Uneaia 
feeds  on  i)urshine. 

1403.  Riley,  C.  Y.     Remedies  for  Phylloxera.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  10 

February,  1875.     S.-b.  Xo.  10,  p.  22. 

At  present  no  insecticide  is  effective  against  Phylloxera  rastatrix;  grafting  of 
more  susceptible  varieties  ou  the  roots  of  the  least  susceptible  advised. 

1404.  Riley,  C.  Y.    Newest  facts  of  grape  Phylloxera.    <N.  Y.  Tribune, 

10  February,  1875.     S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  21-22. 
Succession  of  different  forms  of  individuals  in  the  cycle  of  development  of 
Phylloxera  described  ;  seasons  at  which  the  different  forms  appear;  places 
in  which  eggs  are  laid  bj^  the  winged  females. 

1405.  Riley,  C.  V.    Is  the  Colorado  beetle  poisonous !    <N.  Y.  Weekly 

Tribune,  17  February,  1875.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  9. 
Insists  upon  the  poisonous  nature  of  the  fumes  from  scalded  or  burning 
masses  of  Doryphora  decemlineata,  in  opposition  to  statements  by  Prof.  T. 
J.  Burrill. 

140G.  Riley,  C.  V.    Notes  of  Phylloxera.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  4  Marcn, 
1875.     S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  20-21. 

Critical  review  of  A.  S.  Fuller's  "Distribution  of  the  grape-louse;"  main- 
tains the  specific  identity  of  the  so-called  gall-inhabiting  and  root-inhab- 
iting forms  of  Phylloxera,  and  the  North  American  origin  of  this  insect. 

1407.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     The   Colorado  potato-beetle   abroad.     <N.  Y. 
Weekly  Tribune,  17  March,  1875.     S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  14-15. 

Statement  and  criticism  of  measures  adopted  by  several  European  Govern- 
ments to  prevent  the  introduction  of  Doryphora  decemlineata  into  their 
countries. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  183 

1408.  Riley,  C.  V.    Bud-eatinji   insects.     <Cultivator  and   Country 

Gentleman,  25  March,  1675,  v.  40,  p.  183. 
Habits,  food-plants,  and  meaus  agaiust  Agrotin  scandens  ;  means  against  field 
cut-AYoruis. 

1409.  EiLEY^,  C.  V.    Description  of  a  new  species  of  Agrotis.     <Proc. 

Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  March,  1875,  v.  17,  pp.  28G-288. 

Description  of  Agrotis  morrinoniana  n.  sp.  [p.  2S{J']. 

1410.  EiLEY,  C.  V.     On  the  summer  dormancy  of  the  larva  of  Phyciodes 

nycteiSj  Doubledaj',  with  remarks  on  the  natural  history  of  the 
species.  <Proc.  Amer.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.  for  1874,  4  June, 
1875,  V.  23,  pp.  108-112.  Separate:  <Salem,  Mass.,  March, 
1875,  pp.  108-112.  Abstract:  <Hartford  fConn.]  Daily  Cou- 
rant,  18  August,  1874,  No.  11162,  v.  38,  No.  197,  p.  2.  See: 
<N.  Y.  Tribune  Extra  :  Lecture  and  Letter  series,  No.  21,  Au- 
gust, 1874,  p.  75. 
Observations  on  Phyciodes  nycieis  and  Argynnis  bellona  ;  significance  of  the 
same  ;  detailed  descriptiou  of  the  larva  and  pupa  of  P.  nycteis. 

1411.  RiLEY',  C.  Y.     Descriptions*  of  two  new  moths.     <Trans.  Acad. 

Sci.  St.  Louis,  1  February  [March],  1875,  v.  3,  pp.  240-242,  tigs. 
12-13. 

Descriptions  and  figures  oi  Xanthoptera  [==  JEji/ra]  ridingsii  u.  sp.  and  Certira 
mulliscripta  n.  sp. 

1412.  RiLEY,  C.  V.     The  climate  for  Doryphora.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  2 

April,  1875.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  16. 

Comments  ou  letter  from  D.  L.  Garver;  Doryphora  decemliiieata  would  be 
likely  to  thrive  as  Avell  in  the  climates  of  Europe  as  in  North  America  ;  its 
transportation  across  the  ocean  is  not  improbable. 

1413.  RiLEY,  C.  Y.     [On  an  Acridium  eaten  out  by  ants.]     <Trans. 

Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  6  April,  1875,  v.  3,  p.  102  Proc. 
Verbal  communication  ;  inner  soft  parts  of  an  Acridium  americanum  eaten  out 
by  Myrmica  miiiuta. 

1414.  Riley,  C.  Y.     [On  the  chrysalis  of  Pronuha  yuccasella.]     <Trans. 

Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  6  April,  1875,  v.  3,  p.  106  Proc. 
Verbal  communication ;  adaptation  of  pupa  of  Pronuba  yuccasella  to  its  needs 
of  prying  its  ways  through  tlie  soil. 

1415.  Riley',  C.V.     [On  regulating  sex  in  insects.]     <.Trans.  Acad.  Sci. 

St.  Louis,  6  April,  1875,  v.  3,  p.  108  Proc. 
Verbal  communication;  critical  review  of  Mrs.  Treat's  "Controlling  sex  in 
butterflies'" ;  female  insects  need  more  nourishment  than  the  males,  but  sex 
is  determined  in  all  animals  at  conception. 

1416.  RiLEY,  C.Y.    [On  the  peculiarities  of  2V(^j/<?7rt ;)??<>« jjje.s.]    <Traus. 

Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  6  April,  1875,  v.  3,  p.  109  Proc. 
Verbal  communication  ;  comparison  of  the  structure  of  male  and  female  JVe- 
phila  plumipes  ;  habits  and  silk-production  of  the  female. 

1417.  RiLEY,  0.  Y.     [On  the  peculiarities  of  the  Mexican  honey-ant.] 

<Trans.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  6  April,  1875,  v.  3,  p.  109  Proc. 
Verbal  communication  ;  structural  and  functional  division  of  the  neuters  of 
Myrmecocystua  mexicanus  into  two  distinct  kinds. 


184  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1418.  Riley, C.V.   [On the-pecuYiaritiesof  Physiantlms aWens.]   <Trans, 

Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  6  April,  1875,  v.  3,  p.  109  Proc. 
Verbal  communication ;  the  flowers  of  Physianthus  aliens  so  constructed  as 
to  hold  large  Sphingida'  fast  by  the  tongue. 

1419.  Riley,  C  V.     [On  the  capture  of  moths  by  Physianthus  albens.] 

<Trans.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  6  April,  1875,  v.  3,  p.  115  Proc. 
Reprinted,  with  changes,  from  <Moore's  Rural  New  Yorker, 
29  August,  1874,  v.  30,  p.  140. 
Verbal  communication;  method  of  capture  of  insects,  particularly  moths, 
by  the  flowers  of  I'hysianthiis  alhens ;  records  the  capture  of  a  number  of 
Noctmda  and  of  Sphingida,  especially  Deilephila  lineata;  Nerium  oleander 
aud  (Enoihera  grandiflora  are  said  to  capture  Sphinx-moths  in  Europe. 

1420.  Riley,  C.  Y.     [On  the  Yucca  borer.]     <Trans.  Acad.  Sci.  St. 

Louis,  6  April,  1875,  v.  3,  p.  139  Proc. 
Verbal   communication;    entomological   interest   attaching  to   the   Yucca; 
abode  and  synonymy  of  Megathymus  yucca;. 

1421.  RiLEY",  C.  Y.     [New  biological  facts  regarding  the  grape  Phyllox- 

era.] <Trans.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  6  April,  1875,  v.  3,  pp.  147- 
148  Proc. 

Sequence  of  development  of  certain  forms  of  Phylloxera;  sexual  forms  of 
three  species  of  Phylloxera  obtained  ;  alleged  discovery  by  J.  Lichteustein 
of  the  winged  form  of  P.  vastati-ix  on  Quercus  coccifera  in  Europe,  discred- 
ited, and  this  form  considered  by  E.  G.  Balbiani  as  a  new  species,  named 
P.  lichtensteinii. 

1422.  RiLEY,  C.  Y.     [On  the  connection  of  locust  invasions  with  the 

occurrence  of  drought.]  <Trans.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  6  April, 
1875,  V.  3,  p.  163  Proc. 

Verbal  commuuication  :  no  connection  between  the  occurrence  of  drought 
and  of  locust  invasions. 

1423.  Riley,  C.  Y.     Seventh  annual  report  on  the  noxious,  beneficial, 

and  other  insects  of  the  State  of  Missouri,  made  to  the  State 
Board  of  Agriculture  pursuant  to  an  appropriation  for  this  pur- 
pose from  the  legislature  of  the  State.  <10th  Ann.  Rept.  State 
Board  of  Agric.  for  1874,  April,  1875,  pp.  7  +  196  +  4,  40  figs. 
Separate:  < Jefferson  City,  Mo.,  April,  1875,  pp.  7  +  196  +  4, 
40  figs. 

Preface HI 

Table  of  Contents VII 

NOXIOUS  INSECTS. 

The  Colorado  Potato-beetle,  Doryphora  lO^lineata 1 

Its  gradual  spread  eastwar  i,  1— It  reached  the  Atlantic  during  the 
year  1874,  1— Injuries  done  during  the  year  1874,  2— Alarm  about 
it  in  Europe,  3— Prohibiting  the  importation  of  American  pota- 
toes by  European  governments,  3 — The  insect  probably  intro- 
duced into  Europe  in  the  perfect  form,  3— It  would  doubtless 
thrive  in  Europe  if  imported,  4 — Its  ravages  exaggerated  and 
underrated,  5— On  the  safety  and  advisability  of  the  use  of  Paris 
green,  8— Past  experience  with  the  poison,  10— I  ifluence  of  Pari i 
green  on  the  plant  and  on  the  soil,  11— luflueucij  of  the  green  on 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  185 

1423.  Riley,  C.  Y.— Coutinued. 

The  Colorado  potato-Bketle — Continued. 

mail  indirectly  tlirou{j;b  the  soil  or  through  the  plant,  l'.\ — The 
beetle  eats  as  well  as  the  larva,  14 — It  passes  the  \v  Inter  as  imago, 
14 — New  food-plants,  14 — New  means  of  destruction,  15 — The 
Gray  sprinkler,  1.') — The  proper  scientific  name  of  the  beetle,  16 — 
Mr.  Carriore's  ridiculous  statements,  17. 
The  CHiNCii-BUG,  Blixmis  leiicopterua 19 

Its  disastrous  work  in  1874,  19 — Circular  distributed  among  farm- 
ers. 19 — Appearance  and  transformations  of  the  chinch-bug,  20 — 
The  short-winged  form,  20 — Description  of  the  chiuch-bug  and 
its  earlier  states,  21 — Its  past  history  in  America  22 — Its  past 
history  in  Missouri,  22 — D  .structive  powers  of  iho  chinch-bug, 
24 — Its  injuries  in  1874,  24 — Its  injuries  in  Missouri  in  1874,  25 — 
Food-plants,  2(5 — Time  required  for  the  coniD.ete  development  of 
various  insects,  27 — Number  of  annual  broods,  27 — Its  rapid  in- 
crease, 28 — Where  the  eggs  arc  laid,  28 — Flight  of  the  chinch- 
bug,  29 — lis  migrations  on  foot,  30 — Heavy  rains  destructive  to 
it,  30 — Direct  remedies,  31 — Irrigation,  31 — Preventive  measures, 
32 — Bnruiuir,  32 — Rolling,  33 — Manuring  and  early  sowing,  34 — 
Mixing  seed,  34 — Preventing  the  migrati  n  of  the  bugs  from  one 
tied  to  another,  35 — Importance  of  winter  work  and  combined 
action,  36 — Other  possible  remedies,  37 — Abstaining  from  the 
cultivation  of  grains  38 — Natural  enemies,  38;  lady-birds,  39; 
lace-wing  fly  and  habits  of  its  larva,  40  ;  the  insidious  tiower-bug 
and  the  many-banded  robber,  41 — Birds  destructive  to  the  chinch- 
bug.  41 — Discussion  of  other  proposed  remedies  and  preventive 
measures,  41 — The  chinch-bug  injurious  to  stock,  43 — Prognosti- 
cating, 44 — Unnecessary  lears,  44 — Bogus  chinch-bugs,  45 — The 
false  chinch-bug,  40 — The  insidious  flower-bug  and  the  ash-gray 
leaf-bug,  47 — The  flea-like  negro-bug,  48 — Recapitulation,  49. 
Appendix  to  the  article  on  the  chinch-bug 51 

List  of  correspondents  who  replied  to  the  circular,  51 — Questions 
answered  by  correspondents,  52 — Answers  given  b\'  correspond- 
ents, 53. 
The  flat-headed  apple-tkee  bokeu,  Chri/sohoihris  fcmoraia 71 

Extent  of  its  ravages  in  fruit  and  shade  trees,  71 — Its  natural  his- 
tory, 72 — Natural  enemies,  73 — Chalcid  larva,  74 — The  cherished 
Bracon,  75 — The  useful  Labena,  75 — Ants,  76 — Remedies,  76 — 
Keeping  youngtrees  vigorous  and  healthj',  77 — Coating  the  trunks 
and  larger  branches  withsoaj)  and  other  greasy  substances,  77 — 
Scraping,  78 — Wrapping  wire  gauze  around  the  trunk,  79 — Cut- 
ting out  the  newly-hatched  larva,  79. 
Canker- WORMS,  Paleacrita  rernata;   AniKOpteri/x  pometaria 80 

Confusion  regarding  the  two  species  of  canker-worms,  80 — Distin- 
guishing cliaracters  of  the  spring  canker-worm,  80 — Description 
of  egg,  larva,  and  chrysalis  of  Anisopieryx  vcrnata,  82 — How  the 
fall 'canker-worm  differs  from  the  preceding,  83 — Description  of 
egg,  larva,  and  chrysalis  of  Aninopteryx  pometaria,  84 — Practical 
importance  of  distinguishing  the  two  species,  85 — Comparative 
description  of  the  spring  and  fall  canker-worms,  86 — Conclusion, 
88 — Extracts  from  the  original  essay  on  the  canker-worm  by 
W.  D.  Peck,  89. 
The  grape  Phylloxera,  Phylloxera  vastatrix '. 90 

Completion  of  its  natural  history,  90 — The  true  sexual  individuals 
discovered,  91 — Epitome  of  the  life-history  of  the  grape  Phyllox- 


186  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1423.  EiLEY,  C.  v.— Continued. 

The  Grape  Phylloxera — Continued. 

era,  91 — Different  forms  presented  by  the  species,  93 — Its  power 
to  change  its  habit,  93 — Specific  identity  of  the  gall-  and  root- 
lonse,  94 — Untrustworthy  experiments  made  by  the  Department 
of  Agriculture,  95 — Proof  of  the  identity  of  the  two  forms,  95 — 
The  gall-louse  is  but  a  transient  form,  9G— Where  do  the  winged 
females  lay  their  eggs  ?  96 — The  winged  female  lays  tlie'egg 
wherever  she  is  carried  by  the  wind,  97 — Particular  part  of  the 
vine  chosen  by  the  winged  female  for  laying  her  eggs,  98 — The 
true  sexual  individuals,  9d — Injury  done  by  Phylloxera  in  America 
during  the  year  1874,  99 — Range  of  the  insect  in  America,  101 — 
Does  it  occur  in  South  Carolina  and  Georgia?  102 — The  Phyllox- 
era in  California,  103 — Injury  done  during  the  year  1874  in  France, 
103 — Its  spread  in  Europe,  104 — Direct  remedies,  105— Natural 
enemies,  106 — Susceptibility  of  different  varieties  of  grape-vine, 
106 — Grafting  as  a  means  of  counteracting  the  work  of  Phyllox- 
era, 108 — Underground  grafting,  109 — Methods  of  grafting  above 
ground,  112 — Roots  to  use  as  stock,  115 — Varieties  to  graft,  116 — 
American  grape-vines  abroad,  116. 
Appendix  to  the  article  on  grape  Phylloxera 117 

Synopsis  of  the  American  species  of  the  genus  Phylloxera,  117 — 
The  American  oak  Phylloxera,  118 — Its  natural  history,  119 — De- 
scrijition  of  Phylloxera  rlleyi  and  the  different  forms  presented 
by  it,  119— Further  points  in  its  life  history,  120. 
The  Rocky  Mountain  locust,  Calopienus  sjiretus 121 

Its  natural  history,  121— Method  of  egg-laying,  121— The  egg,  122— 
The  newly-hatched  locust  and  its  development,  122 — Where  the 
eggs  are  laid  by  preference,  123 — The  invading  swarms  are  formed 
by  a  single  species,  124— Difference  between  the  Rocky  Mountain 
and  the  red-legged  locusts,  125 — Mr.  Thomas's  description  of  the 
red-legged  locust,  126— Variations,  126- Measurements  of  Calopte- 
nus  femur-ruhrum,  127— Description  of  Calopienus  spreius a\iCioi\t% 
larva  and  pupa,  129— Measurements  of  Caloj)tenus  spreiiis,  130— 
Summing  up  the  difference  between  the  two  species,  132 — Chrono- 
logical history,  132— Locust  invasions  in  the  Old  World,  132— Ac- 
counts of  earlier  k>cust  iuvasions  in  America,  133— Chronological 
history  of  the  Rocky  Mountain  locust,  134— Earlier  invasions, 
135— Data  regarding  the  invasion  of  1867,  137— The  invasion  of 
1S73,  141— The  invasion  of  1874,  143— The  invasion  of  1874  in 
Missouri,  144— Questions  addressed  to  correspondents  in  each 
county  in  Missouri  regarding  the  locust,  144— Summary  of  the 
answers  given  by  correspondents,  145— The  invasion  of  1874  in 
Kansas,  148— In  Nebraska,  151— In  Iowa  and  Minnesota,  153— 
In  Colorado,  154  — In  Dakota  and  Miinitoba,  155— Flight  and 
ravages  of  a  locnst  swarm,  156— Food-plants,  158— Time  of  ap- 
pearance of  invading  swarms,  160— Eastern  limits  of  locust  invas- 
ions, 161— Native  home  of  the  species,  162— Explanation  of  the 
migratory  instinct,  164— This  locust  can  not  thrive  in  the  Missis- 
sippi Valley,  164— Ir  i;jan  siibalpine  insect,  165— What  injury  may 
be  expected  in  Missouri  in  1875, 166— Ravages  of  migratory  locusts 

.  in  the  Atlantic  States,  167— Description  of  the  Atlantic  migra- 
tory locust,  169— Differences  between  Caloptenus  spretus,  differen- 
tialis,  and  atlania,  170 — Injury  from  other,  non-migratory,  locusts, 
171— The  differential  and  two-striped  locusts,  173— Enemies  and 
parasites,  174— Birds  destroying  locusts  or  their  eggs,  174— The 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  187 

1423.  Riley,  C.  V.— Continued. 

TiiK  KocKY  MocNTAix  LocusT— Coutinued. 

silky  mite,  175 — The  locust  mite  ;iud  Dr.  Lo  Baron's  description 
thereof,  176  —  The  anonymous  Tachina-fly,  178 — The  common 
tlesh-lly,  180— RcMucdies,  181 — Classitication  of  protoctivo  meas- 
ures, 181 — Natural  agencies,  181— DcHtruction  of  the  eggs,  181 — 
Destruction  of  the  young  wingless  locusts,  182— Driving  off  the 
winged  locusts,  184— Further  suggestions,  185— Loijusts  as  food 
for  man,  18l) — The  popular  and  scientific  names  of  the  insect, 
187 — Prairie  fires  iw.  the  Rocky  Mountain  locust,  189. 

Appendix  to  the  article  on  the  Rocky  Mountain  locust 191 

IjCtters  of  three  correspondents  from  Texas  and  Kansas  regarding 
locust  invasions,  1*J1. 

3424.  Riley,  C.  V.     The  ways  of  bag-worms.     <N.  Y,  Semi-weekly 
Tribune,  14  April,  1875,  3  figs.     S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  11,  36. 

Figure  of  the  larva-case  of  an  undetermined  species  of  Psyehidw  and  of  the 
several  stages  of  Thyridopteryx  ephemerceformis  \  hahitsof  and  means  against 
the  latter. 

1425.  [RiLEY',  C.  v.]     [Poisonous   qualities  of    the  Colorado  potato- 

beetle.]    <N.  Y.  Tribune,  14  April,  1875.    S.b.  No.  10,  p.  17, 34. 

Mentions  instances  of  poisoning  from  the  fumes  given  out  by  scalded  or 
crushed  masses  of  Borypltora  decemUneala. 

1426.  [RiLEY,  C.  v.]    Cure  for  canker-worm,    <N.  Y.  Tribune,  21  April, 

1875.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  25. 
Paris  green  recommended  for  destruction  of  canker-worms  when  other  rem- 
edies are  lacking.     Paris  green  not  to  be  used  against  all  insects. 

1427.  [RiLEY,  C.  v.]     Paris  green  :  Its  effects  on  plants  and  soils,  and 

through  them  on  man.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  12  May,  1875.     S.-b. 
No.  10,  pp.  15-16;  34-35. 

Paris  green  is  not  injurious  to  plants  or  the  soil,  nor  dangerous  to  man  when 
properly  applied. 

1428.  [RiLEY',  C.  V.j     Swellings  on  roots  of  Ampelopsis.     <Colmau's 

Rural  World,  5  June,  1875.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  1. 

Answer  to  letter  of  II.  Hilker;  swellings  on  roots  of  Ainpelopsis  possibly  oc- 
casioned by  root-lice,  but  not  by  Phylloxera. 

1429.  Riley,  C.  V.    Apple-tree  plant-lice.    <Colman's  Rural  World, 

5  June,  1875. 
Answer  to  letter  of  A.  Moycr :  occurrence  of  and  means  against  Aphis  mali. 

1430.  Riley,  C.  v.    [Tomt/>ia  e/o/t^aia,  the  white-grub  fungus.]    <Col- 

man's  Rural  World,  12  June,  1875,  v — ,  p — . 
Torrubia  elongata  proposed  as  the  name  for  the  white-grub  fungus ;  figures  of 
the  same. 

1431.  RiLEY',  C.  V.    The  Colorado  potato-beetle,  Donjphora  decemline- 

ata.  <Garden  [London],  24  July,  1875,  v.  8,  pi).  71-72,  5  figs. 
S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  — . 
Description  and  figures  of  all  stages  of  Doryphora  deccmhiieata  ami  D.jmicta; 
migrations,  habits,  prolificacy,  enemies,  and  parasites  of  IJ.  dvcvnilineata; 
means  against  it ;  the  use  of  Paris  green  ;  probability  and  ])robable  method 
of  its  introduction  into  Europe  and  means  of  preventing  such  introduction  ; 
figures  Lydclla  [=  Exorista]  doryphora;  Harpactor  l=Milya8'\  cinctua,  Amia 
r=Podi«M8]  spinosuA,  and  Hippodamia  convergens. 


188  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1432.  Riley,  C.  V.    Locusts  vs.  cb inch-bugs.     <K  Y.  Tribune,  4  Au- 

gust, 1875.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  40. 
Locust  ravages  are  likely  to  prevent  serious  injury  by  Blissua  leucopterua ;  the 
latter  more  noticeable  than  usual;  excessive  rains  in  1875,  also  unfavorable 
to  the  development  of  BUssus  Uucopterus. 

1433.  Riley,  C.  V.    Ko  locust  injury  in  Kansas  and  Missouri  this  fall. 

<N.  Y.  Tribune,  1  September,  1875.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  166. 

Predicts  immunity  from  attacks  of  Caloptetms  spretus  in  the  fall  of  1875  in 
Kansas  and  Missouri. 

1434.  Riley,  C.  V.     Prof.  Riley  and  the  locusts.     <St.  Louis  Daily 

Globe  Democrat,  4  September,  1875,  v.  1,  No.  108,  p.  3.     S.-b. 
No.  10,  pp.  158-159. 

Reply  to  C.  A.  Davis's  "Prof.  Riley  and  the  locusts;"  food-plants,  habits, 
parasites,  and  period  of  development  of  Caloptenus  spretus;  need  of  more 
extended  investigation  of  this  insect  in  its  native  haunts  and  breeding 
places. 

1435.  Riley,  C.  Y.    The  grape-leaf  gall.     <Cultivator  and  Country 

Gentleman,  9  September,  1875,  v.  40,  p.  567. 
Identity  of  the  root  and  leaf -forms  of  Phylloxera  vastatrix. 

1436.  Riley,  C.  V.    White-grub  fungus.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  6  October, 

1875.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  26. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  C.  G. ;  brief  history  of  Torrubia  elongata,  a  parasite 
of  Laclniostenia  fusca. 

1437.  Riley,  C.  V.    Flying  locusts  in  Illinois.     <Cultivator  and  Coun- 

try Gentleman,  2S  October,  1875,  v.  40,  p.  679. 

Caloptenus  uprettts  coufonuded  with  C.  ftmiir-ruhrum  by  B.  F.  J. ;  C.  spretua 
does  not  occur  in  Illinois. 

1438.  Riley,  C.  Y.     Remarks  on  canker-worms  and  description  of  a 

new  genus  of  Phalcenidce.  <Trans.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  5 
November,  1875,  v.  3,  pp.  273-280,  figs.  14-21.  Separate  :  <St. 
Louis,  Mo.,  1875,  pp.  8,  figs.  Reprint:  <8th  Ann.  Rept. 
State  Ent.  Mo.,  May,  1876,  pp.  12-18,  figs.  3-10.  Notice:  <Ca. 
Eut.,  November,  1875,  v.  7,  p.  219.  <Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat. 
Hist.,  February,  1876,  v.  18,  p.  201. 
Treats  of  Paleacrita  [n.  g.]  vernata  and  Anisopteryx  pometaria;  see  No.  1482 
for  synopsis  of  contents. 

1439.  EiLEY,  C.  Y.    Notes  on  the  natural  history  of  the  grape  Phyl- 

loxera, Phylloxera  vastatrix,  Planchon.  <Trans.  Acad.  Sci. 
St.  Louis,  5  November,  18  r5,  v.  3,  pp.  281-287,  fig.  22.  Ex- 
tract: <Amer.  Nat.,  June,  1881,  v.  15,  pp.  483-484. 
Discovery  of  the  nidus  in  which  eggs  are  deposited  by  the  winged  female  of 
Phylloxera  vastatrix;  development,  habits,  description,  and  figures  of  the 
same;  description  of  the  male  and  of  the  impi-eguated  egg;  figure  of  the 
male  of  P.  carya'cattlis;  summary  of  the  natural  history  of  P.  vastatrix. 

1440.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]    Grubs  and  guess-work.     <N.  Y.  Semi-weekly 

Tribune,  12  November,  1875.     S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  17-18. 

Characterizes  some  subdivisions  of  the  Lamelliconiia  by  their  habits ;  con- 
trasts the  larvje,  imagos,  and  habits  of  Laduiosterna  quercina  {_:=fa8ca]  and 
^y gyrus  relicUis;  means  against  the  former. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  189 

1441.  R[iley],  C.  y.     Eutomological.    Apple-tree  borers;  timber  en- 

courages tbein  ;  new  bag-woriu.     <Colmairs  Rural  World,  13 
November,  1875.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  188. 
Timber-trees  near  apple  orchards  increase  the  likelihood  of  the  attacks  of 
Saperda  bivittata  [_  =  can(Uda'\  upon  the  apple-trees;  habits  and  food-plants 
of  Psyche  confederate. 

1442.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  army- worm;  au  important  point  yet  to  ascer- 

tain in  its  history.  How  it  comes  and  goes ;  its  natural  ene- 
mies; preventive  measures.  <N.  Y.  Tribune,  10  November, 
1875,  8  tigs.     S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  29-31 ;  31-33. 

Various  applications  of  the  name  "army-worm;"  seasons,  habits,  and  nat- 
ural enemies  ot  and  means  against  Leucania  nnipuncta  ;  supposed  method 
of  oviposition  ;  figures  of  it  in  its  several  stages,  of  Exorista  flavicauda, 
Microgasfer  {_=  Jpantelesi  militaris,  Ophion  piirfjatiim,  and  Pezomachus  min- 
imun,  and  of  cocoons  of  the  last ;  habits  of  these  parasites. 

1443.  Riley,  C.  Y.    The  flying  locusts  in  Illinois.     <Cultivator  and 

Country  Gentleman,  25  November,  1875,  v.  40,  p.  744. 

Extent  of  swarms  flying  south  over  Kansas  and  Nebraska  on  September 
(4th?). 

1444.  R[iLEY],  O.  Y.     Scabby  potatoes.    <N.  Y.  Tribune,  15  Decem- 

ber, 1875.     S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  20,  29. 

The  scab  in  potatoes  is  caused  by  imperfectly  studied  Acarina. 

1445.  [RiLEY,  C.  Y,]     Not  the  Hessian-fly.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  15  De- 

cember, 1875.     S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  20,  29. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  H.  K. ;  significance  of  the  name  and  habits  of  Apho- 
dius  iiiquinatiis. 

1446.  R[iLEY],   C.   Y.    How   to    destroy    locusts.     <Colman's  Rural 

World,  23  Deaember,  1875.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  185. 
Answer  to  letter  of   C.   Herschel ;    means  against   Acridido";    recommends 
flooding  and  ditching. 

1447.  Riley,  C.  Y.    Paris  green  as  an  insect  destroyer.    <N.  Y.  Tri- 

bune, 28  December,  1875.     S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  13-14;  28-29. 

Paris  green  as  a  means  against  Dori/phora  decemlineaia;  R.  C.  Kedzie's  in- 
vestigations show  that  Paris  green  is  nSt  deleterious  to  the  soil  or  the 
crops. 

1448.  Riley,  C.  Y.    Oak  apple.    <Amer.  Cyclopaedia,  1875,  v.  12,  pp. 

558-559,  3  figs.     S.-b.  No.  14,  pp.  47-48. 
Description  of  galls  of  Cynipn  terminalix,  C.  1=:  Amphibnlips']  qHercus-spongifica, 
and    C.  [^J.]   q.-inanis;   manner  of  their  formation;  figures  the  latter 
two  galls  and  a  parent  fly  ;  nature  of  galls  and  jiroblems  involved  in  their 
study. 

1449.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]    Phylloxera.    <Amer.  Cyclop;\?dia,  1875,  v.  13, 

pp.  477-480,  tigs.  1-8.     S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  84-87. 
Habits,  food-plants,  and  characters  of  the  genus  riiiiUosira  :  natural  history 
of  P.  vastatrix;  figures  its  several  forms  and  the  galls  formed  by  it;  history 
p|  the  ravages  in  the  vineyards  of  France. 


190  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1450.  [Riley,  C.  v.]    Potato-bug.    < Amer.  Cyclopsedia,  1875,  v.  13,  pp. 

768-771,  fig.  1-7.     S.b.  No.  10,  pp.  89-92. 
Food-plants,  original  home,  geographical  distribution,  natural  history,  ene- 
mies of,  and  means  against  Doryphora  decemlineata;  figures  of  it  and  of 
Lydella    [_:=  Exorista']    doryphorce,   Anna    \_=:Podisu8^    spinosus,    Harpactor 
[=:  Mayas']  cincius,  Mysia  [=:  Awaits]  \b-punctatn,  and  Doryphora  juncta. 

1451.  RiLEY,C.y.    Rocky  Mountain  locust.   <Amer.  Cyclopaedia,  1875, 

V.  14,  pp.  371-374,  figs.  1-10. 
Eavages,  description,  natural  history,  migrations,  and  enemies  of  and  means 
a,ga,\ns,t  CaJopienua  spretus;  figures  of  it  with  details  of  its  structure  and 
habits;  figures  C.  femur-ruhnun,  Astoma  gryUarium  [=  Trombidium  loeusta- 
rum'],  Trombidium  sericeum,  and  Sarcophafja  carnaria. 

1452.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  hateful  or  Rocky  Mountain  locust,  Caloptenus 

spretus.  <N.  Y.  Tribune,  1875.  Reprint :  <Trans.  Kans.  State 
Hortic.  Soc.  for  1874,  1875,  v.  4,  pp.  172-176. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  Z.  F.  Hopkius ;  probable  limit  of  the  ravages  and  range 
of  Caloptenus  spretua  in  Kansas,  Missouri,  and  neighboring  States  in  1875; 
means  against  and  vernacular  name  of  this  species ;  vernacular  names  of 
Acrididw  and  Locustidw  in  general. 

1453.  RiLEY,  C.  V.    Prairie  fires  and  hateful  locusts:  is  there  any  con- 

nection between  them?  <N.  Y.  Tribune,  1875.  Reprint: 
<Trans.  Kans.  State  Hortic.  Soc.  for  1874-'75,  v.4,pp.l76-180. 

Criticism  of  the  effects  of  the  drought,  hot  winds,  locusts,  and  short  crops 
in  Kansas  caused  by  the  burning  of  the  prairie  grasses  as  stated  in  Kansas 
Farmer,  23  September,  l'*74 ;  benefits  resulting  from  prairie  fires  by  the  de- 
struction of  hibernafiug  Blivsus  leucopterus,  Nysius  dcstntctor  [=  angustatus'], 
etc. ;  relations  of  prairie  fires  to  the  origin  and  maiutenance  of  prairies. 

1454.  Riley,   C.  V.     [Address  on   entomology.]     <Traus.   111.   State 

Hortic.  Soc.  for  1874,  1875,  n.  s.,  v.  8,  pp.  103-111.  Partial  re- 
print: <Trans.  Kans.  State  Hortic.  Soc.  for  1874,  1875,  v.  4, 
pp.  103-104. 

j^geria  rnbi  [:=  Bembecia  marginata^  injurious  to  blackberry  and  raspberry; 
the  cause  and  cure  of  scab  in  apples;  ravages,  food-plants,  seasons,  habits, 
and  means  against  Chrysobotliris  femoraia  ;  evidence  for  the  identity  of  the 
leaf-and  root-forms  of  Phylloxera  vastairix;  means  against  the  same. 

1455.  Riley,  C.  V.    Discu^ion  of  the  honey-bee.     <Trans.  111.  State 

Hortic.  Soc.  for  1874,  1875,  n.  s.,  v.  8,  pp.  131-132. 
Apis  melUfica  as  an  enemy  to  horticulture ;  importance  of  insects  in  the  fer- 
tilization of  flowers. 

1456.  Riley,  C.  V.    Notes  on  locusts.    <Trans.  111.  State  Hortic.  Soc. 

for  1874, 1875,  n.  s.,  v.  8,  pp.  136-137. 
Native  habitat  of  Caloptenus  spretus. 

1457.  Riley,  C.  V.    Nonsense  about  the  Phylloxera.     <Oolman's  Ru- 

ral World,  12  January,  1876.     S.b.  No.  10,  p.  3.     See:  <N.  Y. 
Tribune,  1876.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  27. 
There  is  no  such  species  as  the  American  corn-grape,  which  is  reported  capa-* 
We  of  resisting  the  attacks  of  Phylloxera  vastairix. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  191 

1458.  Riley,  C  V.     Small   borer  in  apple-twig.     <Colmau's  Rural 

World,  20  January,  1870.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  1. 

Auswer  to  letter  of  F.  Holsiuger;  description  and  habits  of  Psenoccrus  super- 
notatua. 

1459.  RiLEY,  C.  V.     Worms  on  cottonwood.    <Colman's  Rural  World, 

20  January,  1870.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  1. 

Answer  to  letter  of  J.  H.  Davidson;  occurrence  of  larvai  of  Drasteriaerechthea 
on  Fopitlus  mouUifera  and  on  TrifoHum;  description  of  the  imago. 

1400.  RiLEY,C.V.     Ailautlius silk- worm  in  Missouri.    <Colman's  Rural 
World,  27  January,  1870.     S.-b.  No.  10,  j).  2. 

Answer  to  letter  of  "  Subscriber  ;"  extent  and  unprolitableness  of  the  cultnre 
of  Samia  [=  Ji/acHS]  cjnthia;  naturalization  of  ^he  worm  in  the  United 
States. 

1461.  R[iley],  C.  V.   Causeof  smut  in  wheat.   <Colman's  Rural  World, 
20  January,  1870.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  2. 

Critical  review  of  a  report  by  Pulaski  Grange,  Tenn.,  on  the  cause  of  smut  in 
wheat;  absurdity  of  the  report;  occurrence  of  Brachytarsiis  varieyntus  in 
the  smut,  aud,of  larva-  of  Cecidomyia,  Meromy:a,  and  Chlorops  in  the  lower 
joints  of  wheat;  smut  caused  by  Ustilago  segetum, 

1402.  Riley,  C.  V.    Colorado  potato-beetle's  native  home.     <N.  Y. 

Tribune,  9  February.  1870.     S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  12-13. 
Geographical  distribution  of  Doryphora  decemlineafa  imoT  to  1859. 

1403.  Riley,  C.  V.    An  entomological  question.     <Prairie  Farmer.  26 

February,  1870,  v.  47,  p.  08.  S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  4,  5 ;  No.  42,  pp. 
76,  77.  See:  <Prairie  Farmer,  4  March,  1870,  v.  47,  p.  76. 
S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  4. 

Reply  to  Proximo's  "An  entomological  question;"  commendation  of  legisla- 
tive eftbrts  to  effect  the  appointment  of  a  national  entomological  commis- 
sion ;  text  of  the  two  bills  introduced  into  Congress;  criticism  of  the 
same. 

1404.  EiLEY,  C.  V.     Insect  ravages.    An  interesting  letter  from  Prof. 

C.  V.  Riley.  How  to  protect  our  agricultural  interests;  legis- 
lation, wise  and  otherwise;  the  duty  of  Congress.  <St.  Louis 
Daily  Globe-Democrat,  4  March,  1870,  v.  1,  p.  3.     S.-b.  No.  10, 

pp.  5-8. 
Importance  and  extent  of  injuries  inflicted  by  insects  in  North  America;  no- 
tice of  existing  legislation  upon  means  against  injurious  insects;  state- 
ment of  legislation  needed  for  protection  against  locusts;  criticism  of  bills 
introduced  into  Congress  for  the  appointment  of  a  national  entomological 
commission. 

1405.  RiLEY,  C.  V.    Notes  on  the  Yucca  borer,  Megathymus  yucca:, 

Walk.     <Trans.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  10  January-23  .March, 
1870,  v.  3,  pp.  323-344,  figs.  25-31.     Separate  :  <St.  Louis,  Mo., 
January,  1870,  pp.  23,  figs.  25-31.     Reprint:  <8th  Ann.  Rept. 
State  Ent.  Mo.,  May,  1870,  pp.  109-182,  figs.  40-55. 
See  No.  1482  for  synopsis  of  contents ;  see  No.  1603. 


192  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1466.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    Entomology.    An  interesting  lecture  on  the  insect 

world.  The  subject  considered  both  practically  and  scientific- 
ally. <St.  Louis  Daily  Globe-Democrat,  25  March,  1876,  v.  J, 
p.  3.  S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  161-164.  Eeprint,  with  omissions: 
<Ware's  Valley  Monthly,  August,  1876,  v.  — ,  pp.  281-289. 
S.-b.  No.  14,  pp.  163-167. 
Definition  of  entomology  ;  claims  of  the  science  as  a  liberalizing  study ;  its 
economic  importance;  metamorphoses,  abundance,  and  almost  omnipres- 
ence of  insects. 

1467.  [EiLEY,  C.  v.]     The  insect  world.    Lecture  by  Professor  Kiley  at 

Washington  University.  A  practical  subject  for  fruit-growers. 
<St.  Louis  Republican,  26  March,  1876.  S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  178, 
179. 

Advantages  and  interest  of  the  study  of  insects  as  compared  with  that  of 
other  animals;  economic  importance  of  the  study;  ravages  of  Glossina 
morsitans. 

1468.  Riley,  C.  V.    Legislation  in  regard  to  insects  injurious  to  agri- 

culture.    <Natiou,  30  March,  1876,  v.  22,  p.  208. 
Amount  of  insect  injuries  in  the  United  States;  demand  for  an  independent 
commission  ;  duties  and  limits  of  such  a  commission. 

1469.  Riley,   C.  V.      Entomology.      Another  lecture  by  Professor 

Riley.  How  to  counteract  the  ravages  of  insects;  direct 
remedies  ;  practical  hints  to  farmers,  etc.  Some  of  the  duties 
of  the  State  entomologist.  <St.  Louis  Daily  Globe-Democrat, 
1  April,  1876,  v.  1,  p.  3.  S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  135-138;  179-184. 
Reprint,  with  omissions :  <Ware's  Valley  Monthly,  Septem-* 
ber,  1876,  v.  — ,  pp.  369-380.  S.-b.  No.  14,  pp.  168-173. 
Classification  of  means  against  insects;  cause  of  the  destructive  occurrence 
of  insects ;  importation  of  foreign  pests ;  history  of  the  introduction  and 
spread  of  I'icris  rapw.  Phylloxera  vastatrix,  and  Doryphora  decemli7ieata ; 
natural  history  of  tbese  insects;  spread  of  insects  by  small  degrees;  ad- 
vantageous means  against  certain  insects;  encouragement  of  enemies  of 
and  jiarasites  on  noxious  insects;  need  of  distinguishing  friends  from  foes; 
need  of  co-operation  and  of  legislation  for  the  destruction  of  insects;  duties 
of  a  State  entomologist. 

1470.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Scarlet  mite.    <Colman's  Rural  World,  12  April, 

1876,  fig.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  160. 
Answer  to  letter  of  G.  W.  Barnes ;  occurreince,  habits,  and  figure  of  Trom- 
bidimn  sericeum ;  habits  of  T.  holosericeiim  ;  use  of  T.  iinctorium  as  a  dye. 

1471.  Riley,  0.  V.     Hibernation  of  Amphipyra  [=Fyrophila]  pyrami- 

doides.     <Psyche,  March  [13  April],  1876,  v.  1,  p.  152. 
Extract  from  3d  Ann,  Rept.  State  Ent.  Mo.,  pp.  72-73,  with  additional  note; 
this  species  sometimes  hibernates  as  a  pupa,  and  doubtless  frequently  as  a 
moth. 

1472.  Riley,  C.  V.    Bag- worms  and  borers.    How  to  protect  our  shade- 

trees  and  insure  their  growth.     How  to  repder  shade-trees 
health;^,    I^etter  from  the  State  entomologist.     <St,  Lguis  Re- 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  193 

1472.  Riley,  C.  V.— Continued. 

publican,  14  Ai)ril,  187G,  No.  16843,  p.  3,  3  tigs.    S.-b.  No.  10, 
pp.  173-175;  175-178. 
Causes  of  the  death  of  shade-trees  iu  the  city  of  St.  Louis;  description,  fig- 
ures, and  natural  history  of  and  means  against  Thjjridopteryx  ephemerce- 
formis  and  Chrysobothris  femorata. 

1473.  Riley,  C.  V.     The  locust  plague;  bow  to  avert  it.     <Proc. 

Amer.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.  for  1875,  187G,  v.  24,  pp.  215-222. 
Separate :  <Salem,  April,  187G,  pp.  215-222. 
Extent  of  the  ravages  of  Caloptenus  spretus  in  Iri?:},  1874,  and  1875;  classifi- 
cation of  Jind  special  remarks  on  the  several  means  to  be  employed  .igainst 
the  same;  need  of  more  extensive  investigation  of  the  insect  in  its  native 
haunts  and  breeding  places. 

1474.  R[iLEY'],  C.  V.     Honey  locust  weevil.     <Coliuau's  Rural  World, 

26  April,  1876. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  H.  B. ;  larva  of  Spermophagua  robinicB  has  legs  and 
spins  a  cocoon. 

1475.  Riley,  C.V.    Apple  and  peach  borers.     <Colman's  Rural  World 

9  May,  1876.     S.-b.  No.  16,  p.  11. 

Answer  to  in(xniry  of  F.  H. ;  habits,  natural  history,  and  means  against  Chry- 
sobothris femorata  and  JEgeria  \_=^ Sannina'\  exitiosa. 

1476.  Riley,  0.  V.    Notes  on  the   codling-moth.    <Colman's  Rural 

World,  17  May,  1876.     S.-b.  No.  13,  p.  153. 

Natural  history  of  Carpocapsa  pomonella. 

1477.  Rlley,  C.  V.    Plums  and  cotton.     <N.  Y.  Weekly  Tribune,  17 

May,  1876.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  167. 
Answer  to  letter  of  J.  C. ;  a  belt  of  cotton-batting  around  the  trunk  of  the 
tree  is  no  protection  against  the  injury  to  jjlums  by  Conotravhehis  nenuphar. 

1478.  Riley,  C.  V.    Rose-bug  remedy.     <N.  Y.  Weekly  Tribune,  17 

May,  1876,  fig.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  167. 

Answer  to  letter  of  Mrs.  S.  P.  Smith;  description,  figure,  habits,  and  preferred 
food-plants  of  and  means  against  Macrodactyhm  subspUwHus. 

1479.  Riley,  C.  V.     Smut  in  wheat.    <N.  Y.  Weekly  Tribune,  17  May, 

1876.     S.-b.  No.  10',  pp.  167-168.    Reprint:  <Colman's  Rural 
World,  14  June,  1876.    S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  169. 

Critical  review  of  two  quoted  communications  by  A.  S.  and  by  L.  Heskett,  on 
the  cause  of  smut  in  wheat ;  smut  caused  by  the  growth  of  Ustilago  segetum ; 
Brachytarsus  rariegatits  breeds  in  various  smuts;  description  of  the  beetle. 

1480.  [Riley,  C.  V.J    Potato-beetle;  progress.    <N.  Y.  Weekly  Tri- 

bune, 17  May,  1876.     S.  b.  No.  10,  p.  168. 

Arrival  o{  Doryphora  decemlineata  at  the  Atlantic  coast ;  its  ravages  there  and 
means  against  them. 

1481.  Riley,  C.  V.    Locusts  as  food  for  man.     <Proc.  Amer.  Assoc. 

Adv.  Sci.  for  1875,  1876,  v.  24,  pp.  208-214.  Separate :  <Sa- 
lem.  May,  1876,  pp.  208-214. 
Reference  to  previous  writings  on  the  use  of  locusts  as  food  for  man  ;  histor- 
ical evidence  of  the  extensive  use  of  locusts  as  food  ;  methods  of  preparing 
locusts  for  food;  species  used  hitherto  ;  use  of  Caloptenus  spretua  ;  peculiar- 
ities of  individual  taste  or  national  custom. 
13  ENT 


194  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  . 

1482.  EiLEY,  C.  V.  Eighth  auuual  report  on  the  noxious,  beneficial, 
and  other  insects  of  the  State  of  Missouri,  made  to  the  State 
Board  of  Agriculture,  pursuant  to  an  appropriation  for  this 
purpose  from  the  legislature  of  the  State.  <llth  Ann.  Kept. 
State  Board  of  Agric.  for  1875,  May,  187G,  pp.  185+4,  55  figs. 
Separate:  < Jefferson  City,  Mo.,  May,  1876,  pp.  185+4,  55 figs. 

Preface Ill 

Table  of  Contents V 

NOXIOUS   INSECTS. 

The  Colorado  potato-beetle,  Dorypliora  \0-Uneata 1 

Damage  during  the  year,  1 — Abuudant  in  Atlantic  States,  1 — 
Swaruiiug  on  Coney  Island,  2 — Injuring  egg-iilant,2 — Its  scien- 
tific name,  2 — Additional  enemies,  3 — Eaten  by  the  crow,  3 — Rem- 
edies, 3— Cost  of  applying  Paris  green,  3— Preparing  the  poison, 
3 — Use  of  straw  as  a  protection,  4 — Machine  for  sprinkling,  4 — 
Machine  for  brushing  off  the  insects,  4 — Experience  with  Paris 
green,  5 — Experiments  of  Profs.  R.  C.  Kedzie  and  Wm.  McMurtrie 
show  that  it  may  be  used  with  safetj",  6 — Trial  of  other  remedies, 
6 — The  insect's  native  home,  8 — The  theory  that  it  came  from  the 
Rocky  Mountain  region  essentially  correct,  10 — Poisonous  quali- 
ties of  the  insect  discussed,  10.' 

Canker-worms,  Paleacrita  iHmata ;  Anlsopteryx  pomefaria 12 

Two  species  long  confounded,  12 — They  differ  generically;  new 
genus  {Paleacrita)  proposed  for  one,  13 — The  two  compared  in 
all  stages,  13, 17 — Characters  of  the  genus  Paleacrita,  17 — Distin- 
guished as  spring  and  fall  canker-worms,  17 — Practical  consid- 
erations from  their  differences  of  habit,  18 — Stunting  the  larvae 
does  not  prodiice  male  moths,  19 — Traps  recommended,  20, 21. 

The  Army  worm,  Leucania  unipuncta 22 

Its  generic  name,  22 — The  term  "army-worm"  applied  to  various 
insects,  23 — Past  history  of  the  army-worm,  24 — Known  since 
1854  in  Missouri,  27 — It  1  olio  wed  the  1871  conflagration  around 
Peshtigo,  Wis.,  28 — Its  history  in  187.^;  very  general  all  over  the 
country,  28,  29 — Its  history  in  Missouri  in  1875,  30 — Sexual  dif- 
ferences, 30 — Sexual  organs  illustrated,  30,  32 — Natural  history 
of  the  species,  32 — Illustrated  in  all  states,  32,  33 — It  occurs  in 
Europe,  Asia,  New  Zealand,  and  Australia,  34 — Description  of 
the  egg,  34 — Where  the  eggs  are  laid,  34 — Conclusions  drawn 
from  structure,  36,  37 — When  the  eggs  are  laid,  40 — In  what  state 
does  the  insect  hibernate  ?,  43 — Habits  of  the  worm,  45— Why 
it  escapes  detection  when  young,  45 — Why  it  travels  in  armies, 
46 — Time  of  its  appearance,  46 — Are  there  one  or  two  broods?, 
47 — The  fall  army-worm,  48 — How  distinguished  from  the  real 
army- worm,  48 — Plants  preferred  by  the  army-worm,  49 — Its  sud- 
den appearance  and  disappearance,  50 — It  swarms  during  wet  pre- 
ceded by  very  dry  seasons,  51 — Its  natural  enemies,  illustrated, 
52 — Remedies,  54 — Philosophy  of  winter  burning,  54,  55 — Preven- 
tion, 55 — Summary  of  the  leading  facts  concerning  it,  56. 

The  Rocky  Mountain  locust,  Caloptenus  spretus 57 

Previous  experience  in  spring  of  18G7,  57 — Predictions  verified,  58 — 
General  outlook  in  spring  of  1875,  60 — Extent  of  country  ravaged, 
60 — The  outlook  in  Missouri,  61 — Country  ravaged  often  as  bare 
as  in  midwinter,  61 — Account  by  counties,  62 — Atchison  County, 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  195 

1482.  EiLEY,  C.  v.— Continued. 

The  Rocky  Mountain-  locl'ST— Continued. 

62 — ^Andrew  County,  (52 — Beuton  Connty,  6o— Barton  County, 
63— Bates  Connty,  63— Buchanan  County,  64— Caldwell  County, 
64— Cass  County,  64— Clay  County,  67— Clinton  County, 6H— Dade 
County,  6d— De  Kalb  County,  69— Gentry  County,  6")— Hickory 
County,  6U— Holt  County,  69— Henry  County,  69— Jackson 
Couuty,  69— Johnson  County,  72— Lafayette  County,  73— Noda- 
way County,  73— Newton  County,  73— Pettis  Couuty,  73— Platte 
Couuty,  73— Kay  County,  74— St.  Clair  Couuty,  75— Vernon 
County,  76— Condition  ol  things  in  other  States,  76— Kansas,  76— 
Nebraska,  79— luwa,  81— Minnesota,  81— Colorado,  84— Dakota, 
85— Montana,  87— Wyoming,  8S— Texas,  88— Indian  Territory, 
88 — Manitoba,  b9— Damage  done  in  Missouri,  89— Destitution  in 
Missouri,  91— Address  of  relief  committee  from  Saint  Louis  Mer- 
chants' Exchange,  93— Cases  of  starvation,  94— The  Governor'a 
proclamation,  95— The  locusts  no;  a  divine  visitation,  97— Natu- 
ral history  ;  mode  of  molting  illustrated,  98— Habits  of  the  un- 
fledged young,  100— Directions  in  which  the  young  travel,  101  — 
Rate  at  which  they  travel,  102— They  reached  but  a  few  miles 
eastofwherotheyhatched,102— Notled  by  "kings  "or  "queens," 
103— The  species  taken  for  such,  illustrated,  103,  104— The  exo- 
dus in  1875,  104— Time  of  leaving  of  the  winged  insects,  104— Di- 
rection taken  by  the  wiu;,'ed  insects,  105— Destination  of  the  de- 
parting swarms,  106— Native  home  of  the  species,  109— Views 
previously  expressed  confirmed,  110— Conditions  of  migration, 
112— Conditions  which  prevent  the  permanent  settlement  of  the 
species  in  Missouri,  113— Modification  of  the  species  by  climatic 
conditions,  114,  155— Definition  of  the  species,  114— How  distin- 
guished in  all  stages  from  species  most  nearly  allied,  117— Expe- 
rience in  spring  of  l>-75,  118— Contrast  in  summer  and  fall,  119— 
No  evil  without  some  compensating  good,  120— Injury  to  fruit  and 
fruit  trees,  121— Food-plants,  121— Only  one  kind  of  plant  not 
touched  under  all  circumstances,  121— Changes  that  followed  the 
locusts,  121— The  widespread  appearance  of  a  new  grass,  ordina- 
rily unnoticed,  122— Appearance  of  large  worms,  123— The  locusts 
did  not  return  in  the  fall,  124— Natural  enemies,  124— Remedies 
against  the  unfledged  insects,  125— Artificial  means  of  destroying 
the  eggs,  125— Various  means  of  destroying  the  unfledged  young, 
126— They  are  within  man's  control,  126— Tlie  proper  ditch  to 
make,  128— Machines  used  in  Colorado,  129— Best  means  of  pro- 
tecting fruit  trees,  130— How  to  avert  locust  injuries,  131— Pre- 
vention, 131— Legislation,  both  national  and  local,  132— Bills 
before  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  133— Need  of  a  national  ento- 
mological commission,  133— The  bounties  offered  in  Minnesota, 
138— The  requisitesof  a  good  bounty  law,  138,  139— How  a  bounty 
law  would  work,  140— Suggestions,  140— Lessons  of  year,  142— 
Locusts  as  food  for  man.  143— They  have  been  used  from  time 
immemorial,  and  an;  used  extensively  at  the  present  day.  145— 
The  Rocky  Mountain  species  quite  palatable,  146— Mode  of  prep- 
aration, 147— False  opinions  and  predictions,  148 — Unnecessary 
alarm  caused  by  otlier  specie-s,  148— Injuries  of  native  species  in 
1875, 150— Locust  flights  in  Ilhnois  in  1875,  151— They  were  com- 
posed of  local  species,  152, 153— Explanaticm  of  these  flights,  154— 
Locust  prospects  in  1876,  155— No  danger  from  them  in  Missouri, 
156. 


196  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1482.  Riley,  C.  V.— Continued. 

The  grape  Phylloxera,  Phylloxera  vastatrix 157 

The  injuries  not  great  in  Missonri  in  1875,  157 — Completion  of  its 
natural  history,  157 — Where  the  winged  female  lays  her  eggs, 
157,  161 — The  sexed  individuals  illustrated,  158 — Description  of 
the  true  female,  159 — Description  of  the  impregnated  egg,  159, 
162 — Practical  considerations  growing  out  of  these  latest  discov- 
eries, 163 — Decortication  of  the  bark  to  destroy  the  impregnated 
egg,  163 — The  insect  may  be  imported  from  one  country  to  another 
on  cuttings  as  well  as  rooted  plants,  163 — Best  time  to  attack  the 
root-lice,  163 — Phylloxera  ravages  in  California,  163 — Great  de- 
struction around  Sonoma,  164 — Need  of  actiou  by  the  State  au- 
thorities, 164 — Occurrence  of  Phylloxera  in  the  Southern  States, 
1()4 — Report  of  committee  appointed  by  the  American  Pomologi- 
cal  Society,  165 — Its  occurrence  in  Georgia,  166,  167 — American 
grape-vines  iu  Europe,  167 — Large  demaud  for  our  vines,  167 — 
The  American  vines  nourishing  in  Southern  France  where  the 
European  varieties  perish,  1(57 — The  orders  for  some  varieties 
exceeded  the  supply,  168 — Probable  future  demand,  168. 

INNOXIOUS  INSECTS. 

Thk  Yucca  borer,  Megathymus  yucca; 169 

The  only  North  American  butterfly  whose  larva  has  the  boring 
habit,  169 — The  arbitrary  nature  of  classificatory  divisions,  170 — 
Bu^^^terflies  and  moths  not  easily  separated,  170 — Biological  his- 
tory of  the  species,  171— Illustrations  of  all  states,  171,  172— 
Habits  of  the  larva,  171, 172, 181— Mode  of  pupation,  172,180 — 
Flight  of  the  imago,  173, 181 — Position  of  wings  when  the  imago 
rests  or  walks,  173 — Bibliographical  notes,  17.3 — Detailed  descrip- 
tions of  the  different  states,  174, 175, 181— Structural  characters 
illustrated,  175 — Affinities  of  the  species,  176 — It  is  a  true  but- 
terfly, belonging  to  the  hesperians,  178 — Characters  of  the  cast- 
nians  contrasted  with  those  of  hesperians,  176,  177,  178— In 
classification  it  is  better  to  widen  than  restrict  iu  the  higher 
groups,  179— Enemies  of  the  Yucca  borer,  179— Concluding  re- 
marks, 179 — Unsafe  to  describe  species  from  mere  drawings,  179. 

NOXIOUS  insects— Continued. 

Supplementary  notes  on  the  army- worm,  Leucania  unijjuticta 182 

Completion  of  its  natural  history,  182— Oviposition  of  the  moth 
described,  183 — Eggs  described,  183- Conclusions  previously  ar- 
rived at  verified,  184 — Description  of  the  different  larval  stages, 
184. 

1483.  Riley,  C.  V.    Is  the  Colorado  potato-beetle  poisonous  ?    <Col- 

man's  Rural  World,  7  June,  1876.     S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  164-165. 
Extract  from  the  8th  Ann.  Rept.  State  Ent.  Mo.,  pp.  10-12 ;  abstract  and 
critical  review  of  Grote  and  Kayser's  "Are  potato-bugs  poiaonoua  ?";  con- 
siders the  experiments  inconclusive. 

1484.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    The  eggs  of  the  army-worm.     <Colman's  Rural 

World,  7  June,  1876.  S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  170.  Reprint:  <Trans. 
Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  June,  1876,  v.  3,  p.  211  Proc.  <Amer. 
Nat,  August,  1876,  v.  10,  pp.  508-509. 
Reasons  why  eggs  of  Leucania  unipuncta  have  not  been  observed  heretofore  ; 
verification  of  author's  conclnsious  as  to  the  probable  method  of  oviposi- 
tion of  this  species;  description  of  eggs  and  young  larvse. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY   OP   ECONOMIC   ENTOMOLOGY.  197 

1485.  K[iley],  C.  V.    Persian  insect  powder.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  7  June, 

1876.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  168. 

Answer  to  letter  of  G.  W.  Holmes ;  impossibility  of  prescribing  means  against 
unknown  insects;  Paris  green  nL.suital)le  for  protection  of  bearing  fruit 
trees ;  pyrethrum  recommended. 

1486.  E[iLEY],  C.  V.    Cocoons  of  silkworms.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  7  June, 

1876.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  168. 
Answer  to  letter  of  A.  R.  Sprout;  description  of  larva  and  cocoon  of  Callo- 
samia  l  =  Attacuii}promcllica;  colors  of  imagos;  food-plants  of  larvae ;  de- 
position of  eggs ;  silk  of  little  value. 

1487.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Is  Paris  green  absorbed  ?     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  7 

June,  1876.    S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  168-169. 

Answer  to  letter  of  M.  F. ;  plants  colored  by  certain  tinctures  placed  at  their 
roots;  Paris  green  not  absorbed  into  the  tissues  of  plants  in  perceptible 
quantities,  but  neutralized  in  the  soil. 

1488.  Riley,  C.  V.    Ditching  for   young  locusts.     <(Jolman's  Rural 

World,  14  June,  1876.    S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  1 71-172 ;  203-204 ;  204- 
205. 
Critical  review  of  J.  Stayman's  article  on  same  subject;  proper  width  and 
depth  of  ditches  to  check  the  march  of  unfledged  Caloptenua  spretua  and 
other  locusts. 

1489.  Riley,   C.   V.     Periodical   Cicada,    "17-year  locust."    <N.  Y. 

Semi-weekly  Tribune,  23  June,  1876,  3  figs.     S.-b.  No.  10,  pp. 
106-167. 

Occurrence  of  Cicada  [^  Tibicen]  septendecim  at  Lexington,  Va.,  in  1876;  list 
of  localities  at  which  these  insects  will  appear  this  year  ;  chronological  his- 
tory of  a  brood  ;  hgures  of  larva,  pupai,  and  imago. 

1490.  Riley,  C.  V.     Specific  for  Colorado  potato  beetle.     <Colman's 

Rural  World,  28  Jane,  1876.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  160.     Reprint, 
with  omissions  :  <N.  Y.  Tribune.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  7. 
Answer  to  letter  of  R.   Barbour;  directions  for  the  use  of  Paris  green  as  a 
means  against  Doryphora  decemUneata. 

1491.  Riley,  C.  V.     [Inquiries  concerning  the  Colorado  potato-beetle, 

and  Mayor  Brown's  answer  thereto.]  <Trans.  Acad.  Sci.  St. 
Louis,  June,  1876,  v.  3,  pp.  1^0-172  Proc. 
Verbal  communication  ;  critical  review  of  answer  of  Mayor  Brown  to  inqai- 
ries  of  A.  C.  Hardy  de  Boislieu  as  to  the  means  of  preveutiu;^  the  introduc- 
tion of  Doryphora  dccemliueata  into  Belgium  ;  (juotes  the  0th  Ann.  Rept. 
State  Eut.  Mo.,  p.  16,  showing  that  the  fear  of  such  introduction  is  not 
unfounded;  inaccuracy  of  Mayor  Brown's  opinions;  manner  in  which 
Doryphora  decemUneata  will  probably  reach  Europe  if  at  all. 

1492.  Riley,  C.  V.     [On  the  ravages  of  young  locusts  in  western  Mis- 

souri.]    <Trans.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  June,  1870,  v.  3,  pp.  1 79- 
180  Proc. 

Verbal  communication  ;  alarming  nature  of  the  ravages  of  unfledged  Calop- 
tenus  spreins  in  western  counties  of  Missouri  at  the  present  time ;  probable 
future  departure  of  the  winged  locusts:  means  to  be  adopted  against  the 
locusts  now. 


198  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1493.  Riley,  C.  V.    [Lecture  ou  the  Rocky  Mountaiu  locust.]     <Trans. 

Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  June,  1876,  v.  3,  p.  180  Proc. 
Brief  abstract  of  lecture;  prediction  of  the  speedily  approaching  end  of  the 
ravages  of  CaJoptenus  spretus  in  Missouri  for  1875 ;  plentiful  crops  to  be 
expected  subsequently. 

1494.  Riley,  C.  V.     [Predictions  verified.]     <Traus.  Acad.  Sci.  St. 

Louis,  June,  1876,  v.  3,  p.  185  Proc. 
Verbal  coniniunicatiou  ;  accuracy  of  author's  conclusions  as  to  the  probable 
doings  of  Caloptenus  spretiis  in  Missouri  later  in  the  season. 

1495.  Riley,  0.  S' .    [On  changes  in  vegetation  caused  by  locusts.] 

<Trans.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  June,  1876,  v.  3,  pp.  188-189  Proc. 
See :  < Amer.  i^at.,  February,  1876,  v.  10,  p.  125. 
Verbal  communication;  remarks  on  the  extraordiuary  development  of  Tilfa 
ragincf.fiom  for  a  season  after  the  ravages  of  Caloptenus  spretus  have  occurred 
an  illustration  of  "  the  struggle  for  existence;"  the  interesting  character 
of  such  instances  of  abnormal  multiplication  of  a  species  ;  criticism  and  de- 
fense of  the  expressions  "struggle  for  existence"  and  "natural  selection." 

1496.  Riley,  C.  V.    Jumping  seeds  and  galls.     <Trans.  Acad.  Sci.  St. 

Louis,  June,  1876,  v.  3,  pp.  190-192  Proc.  Reprint:  <Gar- 
dener's  Mo.  and  Hortic,  July,  1878,  v.  20,  pp.  213-214.  See: 
<Amer.  Nat.,  February,  1876,  v.  10,  p.  125.  Pacific  Rural 
Press,  6  April,  1878. 
Description  of  the  seeds  (of  an  unknown  plant)  which  are  inhabited  by  the 
larvte  of  Carpocapsa  saUitaus ;  manner  in  which  these  larvse  cause  the  seeds 
to  roll  and  .jnmp  ;  habits  of  larva  within  the  seed  ;  description  of  the  plant 
bearing  the  seeds;  the  seed  of  Tamaristus  moved  by  the  larva  of  Nanodes 
tamarisci,  which  feeds  within  it:  description  of  the  gall  of  Cynips  [^  Neu- 
rotents}  quercus-saltatnrius  and  of  the  jumping  of  these  galls. 

1497.  Riley,  0.  V.     [Ou  the  use  of  Paris  green  as  an  insecticide.] 

<Trans.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  June,  1876,  v.  3,  p.  193.     See: 
<Amer.  Nat.,  February,  1876,  v.  10,  p.  126. 

Verbal  communication;  coutirmation,  by  experiments  of  R.  C.  Kedzie,  of 
autbor's  conclusions  in  regard  to  the  safety  of  Paris  green  as  an  iusecticide  ; 
this  substance  metamorphosed  into  a  less  soluble  form  in  the  ground  and 
held  in  the  ground  if  not  used  to  excess;  when  applied  in  small  but  sutiB- 
cient  quantities  not  injurious  to  plants  ;  objections  to  the  use  of  the  "  Po- 
tato-pest poison  "  made  at  the  Lodi  [N.  J.]  Chemical  Works. 

1498.  Riley,  C.  V.    New  use  for  the  American  Agave.     <Trans.  Acad. 

Sci.  St.  Louis,  June,  1876,  v.  3,  pp.  195-196  Proc.     See:  <Amer. 
Nat.,  February,  1876,  v.  10,  p.  126. 
Verbal  communication  ;  use  of  the  dried  flower-stalk  of  Agave  americanus  for 
lining  insect-boxes. 

1499.  RiLEY',  C.  V.     [Food  of  insectivorous  plants.]     <Trans.  Acad. 

Sci.  St.  Louis,  June,  1876,  v.  3,  pp.  201-202  Proc. 

Drostra,  Dionwa  and  other  plants  digest,  absorb,  and  appropriate  nitrogenous 
matters  ;  glands  for  the  appropriation  of  animal  food  not  yet  found  in  the 
Sarracenias. 

1500.  Riley,  C.  V.    Parasites  on  bees.     <Trans.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis, 

June,  1876,  v.  3,  p.  212  Proc. 
Bees  in  California  infested  with  triungulins  of  a  Meloii  sp.  which  sometimes 
kill  the  bees;  usual  habits  of  such  triungulins. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY,  199 

1501.  KiLEY,  C.  V.    Tlie  locust  pest.     <Sci.  Amer.,  1  July,  1876  ( v.  49], 

n.  s.,  V.  35,  p.  0. 

Effects  of  water  and  cold  on  tho  eggs  of  Caloplenm  spretm. 

1502.  Riley,  C  V.     Swallows;  bedbugs,     <Colinan's  Rural  World,  5 

July,  1876.     S.  1).  No.  10,  p.  166. 

Auswer  to  letter  of  R.  R.  Pierce  ;  nests  of  Hirundo  fidva  generally  infested 
by  Jean //ua  lectidaria;  those  of  Hirundo  americana  randy  ho  ;  while  this 
habit  might  cause  annoyance  about  a  dwelling,  it  is  of  little  consequence 
when  the  bird  nests  under  the  eaves  of  a  church. 

1503.  fRiLEY,  C.  v.]     Berry  and  cherry  twigs.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  5  July, 

1876.     S.  b.  No.  io,  p.  1G9. 
Answer  to  letter  of  W.  Keyser ;  eggs  of  CEeanilius  niveits  laid  in  twigs  of  Rnhus 
and  rruiiHs;  description,  habits  of,  and  means  ii}!^ii\uiit  Oberea  iripnnciata. 

1504.  R[iley],  C.  V.    Three  worms  and  their  work.    <N.  Y.  Weekly 

Tribune,  12  July,  1876,  2  figs.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  132. 
Answer  to  letter  of  "Subscriber;"  means  against  larvaj  of  Agroiididce,  of 
Elateridcr,  and  earth  worms,  Litmbricus  sp. ;  eggs  of  Jgrotin  ypsilon  laid  in 
the  spring;   breeding-habits  and  economic  importance  of  XHHii)-ic«s ;  lig- 
nres  of  an  elatrid  larva  and  imago. 

1505.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Mite  parasites  of  the  Colorado  potato-beetle. 

<Mirror  and  Farmer,  15  July,  1876,  v.  28,  No.  29,  p.  2.  S.-b. 
No.  14,  p.  221.  Reprint :  <Gardener's  Mo.  and  Ilortic,  Sep- 
tember, 1876,  V.  IS,  p.  279.  <Trans.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  De- 
cember, 1877,  V.  3,  p.  219  Proc.  Note:  <Araer.  Nat.,  October, 
1876,  V.  10,  p.  636. 

Ectoparasitism  of  a  gamasid  mite  [  Uropoda  americana'\  on  Doryphora  decem- 
lineata;  list  of  vertibrate  enemies  of  D.  decnnlineata. 

The  reprints  note  the  occurrence  of  D.  decemlincata  in  New  Hampshire  and 
its  ravages  along  the  Atlantic  coast.     See  No.  1610. 

1506.  [Riley,  0.  V.]     [Wheat  insects.]     <Blair  [Nebr.]  Times,  20  July, 

1876.     S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  200-201. 
Quotes  from  1st  Ann.  Rcpt.  State  Ent.  Mo.,  pp.  159-101;  wheat  injured  in 
Nebraska  in  1876  by  Cecklomnia  destructor  and  Meromyza  amtrirana;  ravages 
of  larva,  description  of  imago  and  means  against  the  latter;  occurrence  of 
Disonycha  flarivcuiris  in  Nebraska. 

1507.  Riley,  C.  V.     A  new  enemy  of  wheat.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  21  July, 

1876.     S.-b.  No.  14,  pp.  129-130;  130-131. 
Answer  to  letter  of  W.  Robsou  ;  occurrence,  habits,  and  ravages  o(  Lcucania 
albilinea  in  Maryland,  Pennsylvania,  and  Kansas;  history  and  descriiition 
of  larva,   pupa,   and  imago  of  the  insect;  evolution  of  new  habits  and 
forms  among  insects. 

1508.  [RiLEY,  C.  v.]    Cliiiich-biig;  bee-moth.    <Colman's  Rural  World, 

26  July,  1876.     S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  201-205. 
Answer  to  letter  of  G.  R.  Christian  ;  means  against   BUhsuh  Uucoptcrus  .and 
Gallvria  cereaiia  ;  food,  seasons,  habits,  and  descriptmu  of  the  latter. 

1509.  RiLEY,   C.    V.      The    grape-root    borer,    .l^Jfieria   poliHtiformis. 

<Colman's  Rural  World,  26  July,  1876,  2  tigs.  S.-b.  No.  10, 
pp.  205-206. 

Answer  to  letter  of  F.  J.  Kron ;  experiments  on  means  against  JEgcria 
1=  Sciapteron'i  polistiformis;  habits  of  larva  ;  figures  of  imago;  geographi- 
cal distribution. 


200  BIBLIOGEAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1510.  EiLEY,  C.  V.     Sweet-potato  beetles;  "beautiful  bugs."    <N.  T. 

Weekly  Tribune,  26  July,  187G,  3  figs.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  213. 

Answer  to  letter  of  W.  Suowden;  characters  aud  habits  of  Cassididce ;  descrip- 
tion and  figures  of  larv*  and  images  of  Coptocycla  [  =  Cassida]  hivittata  ajidi 
C.  [=C. ]  nigripes;  descriptions  of  C.  aurichalcea  and  C.  guttata;  these 
species  feed  on  leaves  of  Ijmmaea  batatas  and  C.  aurichalcea,  also  on  leaves 
of  Convolvulus  and  of  Solanmn  dulcamara ;  means  against  them. 

1511.  [EiLEY,  C.  v.]    Those  centennial  insects.     <N.  Y.  Weekly  Trib- 

une, 26  July,  1876.     S.-b.  ^o.  10,  p.  219. 

Criticism  of  commnuication  of  L.  A.  M. ;  list  of  principal  insects  preying 
upon  stored  corn. 

1512.  R[iley],  C.  v.     Wheat  midge ;  "  rue- worms."     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  2 

August,  1876.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  202. 
LarvjB  of  Fapilio  asferias  feeding  on  Euta  graveolens  ;  description,  habits,  sea- 
sons, ravages  of,  and  means  against  Cecidomijia  [=:  Diplosis~\  tritici. 

1513.  Riley,  C.  V.    Apple  and  peach  borers.     <Colman's  Rural  World, 

9  August,  1876.     S.-b.  No.  14,  pp.  3-4;  55-50.     Extract:  <Cul- 
tivator  aud  Couutry  Gentleman,  7  September,  1876,  v.  41,  p.  566. 

Answer  to  inquiries  of  F.  H.  ;  Chrgsohothris  femorata  distinguished  from  Sa- 
perda  hivittafa  [  =  candida'\  and  ^geria  [=  Saitnina']  exitiosa;  habits  and 
*  description  of  the  tirst ;  habits  of  the  last  and  means  against  both. 

1514.  Riley,  C.  V.     Large  saw-fly.    <Colman's  Rural  World,  9  Au- 

gust, 1876.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  4. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  B.  J. ;  description  of  larva  and  imago  of  Cimhex 
laportei  [=  americana']  ;  its  food-plants  and  transformations. 

1515.  Riley,  C.  V.     Cottouy  scale-insect  on  maples.     <Colman's  Rural 

World,  9  August,  1876.     S.-b.  No.  14,  pp.  4-5. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.   F.   Mills;  Lecamum  acericola  [=:  Pulvinaria  inmt- 
merabilis']  injurious  to  Acer  dasgcarpum  at  Springfield,  111.  ;  habits,  descrip- 
tion of  the  scale,  and  manner  of  oviposition  ;  no  great  injury  ever  done  bj"^ 
insects  of  this  genus. 

1516.  Riley,  C.V.     Hickory  i's.  locust  borer.     <Colman's  Rural  World, 

9  August,  1876.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  5. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  F.  M.  D.  ;  description  of  larva  and  imago  and  natural 
history  ofArhopalus  [=  Cgllene']  piclns  ;  characters  distinguishing  this  from 
A.  [=  C.]  robitme  ;  food-plants  aud  seasons  of  the  latter. 

1517.  Riley,  C.V.     Stag-beetle.    <Colman's  Rural  World,  9  August, 

3876.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  5. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  Leo;  occurrence  and  characters  of  Lucamis  elaphus  : 
food  of  larva. 

1518.  Riley,  0.  V.     Eggs  of  the  angular- winged  katydid.     <Colman's 

Rural  World,  9  August,  1876.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  5, 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  V.  Kriegel ;  descriptions  of  eggs,  imagos,  and  song  of 
Microcentrum  retinerve ;  habits  and  ravages  and  means  against  the  same. 

1519.  Riley,  C.V.    Experience  with  the  Colorado  potato-beetle.    <Col- 

man's  Rural  World,  9  August,  1876.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  6. 
Letter  from  N.  Coleman;   larvie  of  Doryphora  decemlineata   in  confinement 
pupated  on  the  surface  of  the  ground ;  imagos  eat  the  tubers  underground. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OK    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  201 

1520.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    An  elm  enemy.    <N.  Y.  Semi-weekly  Tribune,  11 

August,  1876.     S.-b.  No.  14,  pp.  54-55. 

Habits  aud  ravages  of  and  means  against  Calrruca  cal marie ii sin  [  =  ranthomr- 
Jnna']. 

1521.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  locust  in  1876.     <N.  Y.  Weekly  Tribune,  16 

August,  1876.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  73. 

The  occurrence  and  ravages  of  ('aloj)tcnu8  spirtiis  in  Minnesota  and  Colorado 
in  1876;  their  absence  from  other  portions  of  the  country  occasionally  in- 
habited by  them;  their  destruction  by  Astomn  (jryllaria  [^x^  Tromhidium 
locustanim']  and  inability  to  maintain  themselves  in  parts  of  the  region  they 
infest. 

1522.  [Riley,  C.  V.J    The  war  on  "corn- worms."    <N'.  Y.  Semi- weekly 

Tribune,  18  August,  1876.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  73. 
Review  of  article  by  A.  Brewster  ;  ravages  of  and  means  against  larv;e  of 
Elaterida',  Agrotididw  and  Lachno/iferna  qnercina  \_=^fu8ca]  and  the  "grub- 
worm,"  injurious  to  growing  maize. 

1523.  Riley,  C.  V.    Spiued  soldier-bug.    <Ohio  Farmer,  19  August, 

1876,  V.  50,  p.  118. 

1524.  Riley,  C.  V.     "Potato  pest  poison."    <Sci.  Amer.,  19  August, 

1876  [v.  49],  n.  s.,  v.  35,  p.  116. 
Condemning  some  of  the  patent  poisons  for  Doryphora  decemlineata. 

1525.  Riley,  C.  F.    Cottonwood  borers.     <N.  Y.  Weekly  Tribune,  23 

August,  1876.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  55. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  R. ;  lood-plants  and  ravages  of  and  means  against 
Plectrodera  scalator. 

1526.  Riley,  C.'V.     Harmless  insects.     <N.  Y.  Weekly  Tribune,  23 

August,  1876.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  55. 

Answer  to  letter  of  a  "Subscriber;"  occurrence  of  Psocus  renosus  on  apple- 
trees  ;  habits  and  molting. 

1527.  Riley,  C.  V.    Locust  prospects.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  6  September, 

1870.  S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  213-215;  No.  14,  \)\}.  74-75.  Reprint: 
<Prairie  Farmer,  16  September,  1876,  v.  47,  p.  298.  S.-b.  No. 
10,  pp.  207-209. 

Answer  to  letter  ot'fi.  H.  II.  ;  movements  and  ravages  of  Calnpicnus  spretus 
in  Aug.,  1876,  in  Dakota,  Minnesota,  Iowa,  Nebraska,  and  Colorado. 

1528.  Riley,  C.  V.     Some  notes  on  potato-beetles.     <Sci.  Amer.,  9 

September,  187(5  [v.  49],  ii.  s.,  v.  35,  p.  104.  Reprint:  <Obio 
Farmer,  16  September,  1876,  v.  50,  p.  179.  S.-b.  No.  14,  pp. 
6,  7. 
Critical  review  of  S.  R.  M.'s  "  Facts  about  potato-beetles;  "  Doryphora  decem- 
lineata dies  in  the  day-time,  but  not  at  night  ;  feeds  upon  several  species 
of  plants;  hibernates  as  an  imago,  which  should  be  destroyed  in  early 
spring. 

1529.  Riley,  C.  V.     Entomological  works  wanted.    <Colman's  Rural 

World,  20  September,  1876.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  2. 
Answer  to  letter  of  J.  W.  Newman  ;  notice  of  some  works  on  entomology  for 
the  use  of  students. 


202  BIBl.IOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1530.  [Riley,  G.  V.]     Grape-leaf  Philloxera  enemy.     <Colman's  Rural 

World,  20  September,  1876.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  3. 
Answer  to  letter  of  A.  Englemau  ;  Leucopis  sp.  ?  parasitic  in  galls  of  Phyl- 
loxera  vastairix  and  P.  rileyi. 

1531.  [Riley,  C.  V.j     Grape-leaf  gall.     <Colman's  Rural  World,  20 

September,  1S76.  S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  3. 
Answer  to  letter  of  A.  A.  Briggs;  FhyUoxera  rastatrix  does  comparatively  little 
damage  on  the  leaves  of  grape-vines ;  Clinton  and  Taylor  vines  peculiarly 
subject  to  the  attacks  of  the  leaf-inhabiting  form  ;  Concord  vines  seldom 
attacked  by  it  and  not  seriously  injured  by  the  root-inhabiting  form; 
means  against  the  leaf-inhabiting  form. 

1532.  Riley,  0.  V.     New   locust  theory  wanted.     <Colman's   Rural 

World,  27  September,  1876.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  62. 

Answer  to  letter  of  W.  T.  D. ;  facta  not  theories  wanted  in  regard  to  the 
flights  of  Caloptenns  spreius. 

1533.  Riley,  C.  V.    Cecropia  worm  on  elder.   <Colman's  Rural  World, 

27  September,  1876,  1  flg.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  63. 

Answer  to  letter  of  A.  S.  Van  Winkle;  description  of  larva,  cocoon,  and 
imago  of  Samia  1=  Attacusi  cecro2na  ;  figure  of  larva;  habits  and  seasons; 
availability  of  the  cocoon  for  silk. 

1534.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  harlequin  cabbage-bug.     <Colman's  Rural 

World,  4  October,  1876.     S.  b.  No.  14,  p.  56. 

Answer  to  letter  of  R.  J.  Waters ;  habits,  ravages,  distribution,  and  means 
against  Strachia  l^  Murgantial  histrionica ;  colors  of  early  stages  and  of 
imagos. 

1535.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Butterfly  chrysalis.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  13  Octo- 

ber, 1876.     S.-b.  No.  19,  p.  224.     Reprint :  <N.  Y.  Tribune,  21 
October,  1876.    S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  223. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  E.  B.  S. ;  occurrence  of  Banais  archippus  in  swarms  in 
central  United  States  in  autumn  of  187G;  colors  of  larva  and  pupa;  larva 
feeds  on  Asclepias. 

1536.  [Riley,  0.  V.]    Domesticated  katydid.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  18  Oc- 

tober, 1876.     S.-b.  No.  19,  p.  214.     Reprint:  <N.  Y.  Tribune, 
21  October,  1876.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  219. 
Answer  to  letter  of  C.  A.  P. ;  longevity  and  food  of  Mtcrocentrum  rethierve. 

1537.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Unjust  accusation  ?     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  21  Octo- 

ber, 1876.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  209  ;  No.  19,  p.  242. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  a  "  Correspondent;"  Harpalus  erraficiis  accused  of  de- 
stroying shrubbery ;  ijredaceous  habits  of  Carahida: 

1538.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  Rocky  Mountain  locust.     <Colman's  Rural 

World,  1876,  v.  — ,  30  October,  6  November,  13  November. 
S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  185-188.  See:  <Kausas  Farmer,  November, 
1876.  S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  225-235.  <N.  Y.  Tribune,  October, 
1876.  S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  215. 
Verification  of  predictions  in  regard  to  the  limitation  of  the  ravages  of 
Caloptenus  spreius  in  western  Missouri  in  1876;  gathering  eggs,  ditching, 
rolling,  and  burning  recommended  as  means  against  tliem  ;  recommends  the 
employment  of  soldiers,  of  hogs,  and  of  poultry,  late  planting,  and  the 
destruction  of  the  locusts  in  their  native  country  ;  Blissus  leucopteriia  more 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  203 

1538.  Riley,  C.  V.— Continued. 

injurious  in  Wosteni  Missouri  in  187(5  tlian  Caloptenm  spretus ;  prospect  of 
freeiloni  from  injury  by  this  former  for  the  noxt  two  years;  Vilfa  vagimv- 
Jiora  introduced  into  the  eastern  i)raine8  by  the  locusts  ;  limit  to  the  east- 
ern range  of  the  hicusts;  they  are  not  led  by  kings  or  (lueens;  occurrence 
of  larvjv  of  Deilcpliila  Uneata  after  the  disappearance  of  the  locusts;  locust 
flights  in  Illinois. 

1539.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Canker-worms  at  the  West.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  31 

October,  1876.     S.-b.  No.  17,  p.  59. 

Occurrence  of  7'«7eacr(7a  reriiata  in  Michigan  in  1872  and  in  Ohio  in  1874 
1875,  and  1876;  brief  account  of  P.  vernata  and  Aimopterijx  ponictaria ; 
their  habits,  ravages,  and  means  against  them. 

1540.  Riley,  C.  V.     [The  venation  of  Anisopteryx  and  variation  in 

iniagos.]  <Ca.  Ent.,  September  [October],  1876,  v.  8,  pp.  178- 
]79. 

Variation  in  the  venation  of  the  wings  of  Anisopteryx  pometaria  aud  in  the 
imagos  ot  so-called  species. 

li)41.  Riley,  C.  V.  A  new  enemy  of  the  grasshopper.  <Lawrence 
[Kans.j  Journal.  Reprint:  <Industrialist  [Manhattan,  Kans.], 
2  i^ovember,  1876,  v.  2,  No.  30,  p.  2.     S.  b.  No.  10,  pp.  209-210. 

Letter  of  F.  H.  Snow  with  conuwents;  eggs  of  Calopteiiiis  spre/HS  destroyed 
by  larv:e  of  Anthomijia  calopteni  l^^-angnsiifronsl :  characters  of  the  larvaj; 
eggs  destroyed  by  larvie  of  some  Ichneumon  ?  [=S!/st(/chuii  orcas]  ;  need  of 
destroying  eggs  by  artificial  means. 

1542.  Riley,  C.  V.     Silk  culture  in  Kansas.     <Natioualist,  10  Novem- 

ber, 1870.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  1. 

Importance  of  silk  culture;  practicability  of  the  culture  and  prospects  of  its 
increase  in  the  United  States;  measures  for  its  promotion  in  Kansas;  suc- 
cessful raising  of  silkworms  on  osage  orange  IMaclura  aiirantiaca]. 

1543.  Riley,  C.  V.     Bee  killers:  Asilus  flies.     <N.  Y.  Weekly  Sun, 

15  November,  1876.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  201. 

Habits  of  AsiUda;  especially  of  Trupauea  \^=  Promachus]  apirora  and  Asilua 
missonrieubis  l^  Fnntacanfluts  mUberti];  description  of  T.  [=P.]  ajiivora; 
larva  of  Asilus  sericeus  feeds  on  roots  of  Rheum  rhaponticnm. 

1544.  Riley,  C.  V.    How  to   use  Paris  green    for  the   cotton-worm. 

<Colman's  Rural  World,  15  November,  1876.  S.-b.  No.  10, 
pp.  210-211.  See  :  <N.  Y.  Tribune,  15  December,  1876.  S.-b. 
No.  14,  p.  7. 

Auswer  to  letter  of  C.  W.  Niver ;  directions  for  the  use  of  Paris  green  by  the 
dry  and  wet  method  ;  description  of  sprinkling  machines. 

1545.  [RlLEY",  C.  v.]     Notodonta  concinna.     <Colman'8  Rural  World, 

15  November,  187<;.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  219. 
Answer  to  letter  of  J.  Barritt ;  desL-riptiou  of  larva  of  Xotodonta  [=  CEdema- 
sia'\  concinna;  hal)its,  food-plants,  and  means  against  the  same. 

1546.  [Riley,  C.  v.]   Thcdog-day  harvest  fl^-.   <Colman's  Rural  World, 

15  November,  1876.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  220. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  A.  U. ;  description  of  Cicada  pruinosa  [=  tihicen'}; 
method  of  sonifaction  :  habits;  notice  of  some  manuals  of  entomology. 


204  BIBLIOGKAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1547.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Snake-worms.     <Colmaii's  Eural  World,  15  No- 

vember, 1876.     S.-b.  No.  p.  10,  p.  220. 
Answer  to  letter  of  J.  Armstrong ;  description  of  larvte  of  Sciara  sp. ;  their 
habit  of  moving  in  congregations;  their  abode  and  enemies. 

1548.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    Locust  eggs.    <Colman's  Eural  World,  15  Novem- 

ber, 1876.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  223. 
Answer  to  letter  of  C.  T. ;  female  Acrididwl&y  more  than  one  litter  of  eggs; 
the  occurrence  of  egg-like  parasites  in  males  has  led  to  the  supposition  that 
the  males  bore  eggs. 

1549.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    Locust  flights  east  of  the  Mississippi.    <Colman's 

Eural  World,  22  November,  1876.  S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  211-212; 
221-222;  223-225.  Eepriut:  <Sci.  Amer.,  16  December,  1876 
[v.  49],  n.  s.,  V.  35,  p.  392,  2  figs.  S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  216,  217. 
<Trans.  Kaus.  Acad.  Sci.,  1877,  v.  5,  pp.  62-64. 
Limitation  of  plants  and  animals  to  certain  geographical  regions;  regions  in 
which  alone  Caloptenus  spreins  survives;  species  confounded  with  C.  spre- 
tus;  occurrence  of  swarms  of  v4c)-irfi«m  americanum  in  Ohio;  description, 
geographical  distribution,  and  ^ravages  of  the  same  ;  swarms  of  Caloptenus 
differenUalis,  C.  atlanis,  and  C.  femnr-ruhrum  m  Illinois;  ravages  of  the  same. 
The  reprint  in  the  Sci.  Amer.  contains  figures  of  Caloptenus  spretus  and 
Acridinm  americanum. 

1550.  EiLEY,  C,  V.    Locusts  again.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  22  November, 

1876.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  222. 
Effects  of  winter  on  the  vitality  of  the  eggs  of  Acrididw. 

1551.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    The  army- worm;  its  natural   history    complete. 

<Sci.  Amer.,  9  December,  1876  [v.  49],  n.  s.,  v.  35,  p.  372,  4  tigs. 
S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  217-219.  tieprint,  with  slight  changes: 
<Proc.  Amer.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.  for  1876,  1877,  v.  25,  pp.  279- 
283,  2  figs. 
Geograpliical  distribution  of  Leucania  unlpiincta  ;  figures  of  all  stages  and  of 
ovipositor  of  female;  place  and  manner  of  ovipositiou  ;  description  of  eggs 
and  young  larvji- ;  number  of  annual  broods;  summary  of  the  natural  his- 
tory of  this  species. 

1552.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    The  apple-bark  louse.     <Ca.  Farmer,  15  Decem- 

ber, 1876.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  50. 
Seasons,  habits,  unA  TaLxages  of  Mytilaspis  jiomicorticis  [=:jjomori(»i]  ;  descrip- 
tion of  young  larvie  ;  of  males  and  females  and  formation  of  scales. 

1553.  EiLEY,  C.  V.     The  apple  maggot ;  a  formidable  enemy.     <N.  Y. 

Semi- weekly  Tribuue,  15  December,  1876.     S.-b.  No.  14,  pp.  7-8. 
Answer  to  letter  of  P.  M.  Augur ;  description  of  larva  and  imago  of  Trypeta 
pomonella;  ravages,  food-plants,  habits,  and  means  against  the  same;  lit- 
erature of  the  subject. 

1554.  EiLEY,  C.  V.     Entomological  notes;  confounding  friend  with  foe. 

<Colman's  Eural  World,  20  December,  1876.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  4. 
Description  of  scales  and  eggs  of  Diaspis  liarrisii  [=  Chionasjris  furfurus]  and 
of  colors  of  larva,  pupa,  and  imago  of  Chilocorus  bivulnerus;  ravages  of  the 
Diaspis;  habits  and  usefulness  of  the  Chilocorus. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  205 

1555.  KiLEY,  C.  V.    Locust  injury  next  sprin}?.    The  territory  in  Mis- 

souri that  will  probably  suffer  therefrom.  <C'olman's  Rural 
World,  20  December,  187G.  S.-b.  No.  14,  pp.  ,5-6.  Keprint: 
<Industrialist  [Manhattan,  Kaus.],  17  February,  1877,  v.  2, 
No.  44,  p.  4.  S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  49. 
Predictiou  of  ravages  of  CaIo2)tinus  ttpretus  to  occur  iu  spriug  of  1877  in  Mis- 
souri. 

1556.  [KiLEY,  C.  V.j     Amputating  insects.    <N.  Y.  Semi-weekly  Tri- 

bune, 29  December,  1876,  2  figs.     S.-b.  No.  14,  pp.  8-9. 

Description  of  the  work  of  Klapliidion  putator  l^riUosiim']  and  Oncidcres  cin- 
gulata;  habits  of  both;  tignres  of  larva,  pupa,  and  imago  of  the  latter; 
similarity  in  habits  of  Oncideres  aviputator  and  £.  putaior  to  those  of  O. 
cingidata. 

1557.  [EiLEY,  C.  Y.,  et  al.]    The  Eocky  Mountain  locust  or  grasshopper, 

being  the  report  of  proceedings  of  a  conference  of  the  Gov- 
ernors of  several  Western  States  and  Territories,  together 
with  several  other  gentlemen,  held  at  Omaha,  Nebr.,  on  the 
25th  and  2Gth  days  of  October,  187G,  to  consider  the  locust 
problem;  also  a  summary  of  the  best  means  now  known  for 
counteracting  the  evil.  <St.  Ltiuis,  1876,  8°,  pp.  3-1-58,  8  figs. 
See :  <N.  Y.  Tribune,  1876.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  223. 

Preface,  proceedings,  pp.  1-36.  Practical  considerations  and  suggestions  for 
the  suppression  of  Calojjtenus  spriius;  description,  oviposition,  transforma- 
tions, and  habits  of  the  same;  its  enemies  and  parasites;  means  against 
it;  description  of  Jnthoinyia  calopteni  n.  sp.  [^a??<7H8/)yVoH«].  Figures. 
Prepared  by  J.  S.  Pillsbury,  P.  Pusey,  and  C.  V.  Eiley. 

1558.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    Potato  pests.    Being  an  illustrated  account  of  the 

Colorado  potato-beetle  and  the  other  insect  foes  of  the  potato 
in  North  America,  with  suggestions  for  their  repression  and 
methods  for  their  destruction.  <New  York:  Orange  Judd 
Company  [1S76],  pp.  108,49  figs.,  map.  Eeview:  <Cu]tivator 
and  Country  Gentl.,  11  January,  1877,  v.  42,  p.  25.  Reply  to 
review :  <lbid.,  1  February,  1877,  v.  42,  p.  78.  S.-b.  No.  14, 
pp.  56-57. 

TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 

Preface 7 

Introduction 3 

The  Colorado  potato-beetle,  Doryphora  10-Uneata 11 

Its  past  history 11 

Prediction  that  it  would  reach  the  Atlantic,  12— Its  march  across 
the  country,  i:J— It  reaches  the  Atlantic,  14— Its  swarming  in 
large  cities,  IC — Its  occurrence  out  at  sea,  17. 

The  insect's  native  home 17 

When  it  first  attacked  the  potato,  18. 

Kate  at  which  it  traveled 21 

How  it  traveled ~1 

Mostly  in  the  beetle  state,  21— Assisted  by  man,  21— Tendency  to 
migrate  in  swarms,  23. 
It  spreads,  but  does  not  travel  in  the  sense  of  leaving  one  district  for 

another - 23 


206  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY, 

1558.  EiLEY,  C.  v.— Coutiinied. 

The  Colokado  potato-bektle— Coutinued. 

Area  invaded  by  it 24 

Causes  which  limit  its  spread 25 

Intense  heat  in  the  South,  25 — Excessive  dryness  in  the  mountains, 
26. 

How  it  affected  the  price  of  potatoes 26 

The  modification  it  has  undergone 27 

Its  natural  history 27 

First  made  known  in  1863,  28 — The  female  capable  of  laying  1,000 
eggs,  29 — Three  broods  a  year,  28. 

Its  poisonous  qualities 29 

Exhalations  from  the  crushed  bodies  injurious,  29. 

Its  food-plants 30 

The  number  increases  with  each  year,  32 — Varieties  of  potatoes 
preferred,  33. 

The  beetle  eats  as  well  as  the  larva 33 

Its  natural  enemies 34 

Birds  which  feed  upon  it,  35-36 — Domestic  fowls,  36 — Reptiles,  36 — 
Spiders  and  ites,  36-38 — True  insects,  39 — Rust-red  social  wasp, 
40— Lady-birds,  40-43 — Ground-beetles,  44-45 — Rove-beetles,  46 — 
Blister-beetles,  46 — Soldier-bugs,  47-51 — Tachina-fly,  52 — Asilus- 
flies,  53. 

Remedies 54 

Encouragement  of  natural  enemies,  54 — Preventive  measures,  54 — 
Mechanical  means  of  destruction,  55 — Pincers  for,  56 — Sun-scald- 
ing, 56 — Horse-machine,  .57 — Machines  for  collecting,  58,  59— Poi- 
sonous applications  to  the  plant,  60 — Paris  green,  61 — Different 
modes  of  using  Paris  green,  62-65 — Other  poisonous  applications 
tested,  66 — Patent  poisons,  68. 

The  use  of  Paris  green '. 69 

Its  influence  on  the  plant,  70 — Its  influence  on  the  soil,  71 — Its  in- 
fluence on  man  indirectly  through  the  soil  or  through  the  plant,  74. 

Bogus  experiments 75 

Alarm  about  the  insect  abroad 76 

Unnecessary  prohibition  of  traffic  in  American  potatoes,  77 — How 
the  insect  will  most  likely  get  to  Europe,  78 — The  chances  of  its 
getting  there,  79-82 — Could  it  become  acclimated  there  ?,  82. 

Nomenclature 83 

The  bogus  Colorado  potato-beetle,  Boryphora  juncta 85 

It  has  always  existed  east  of  the  Mississippi,  85 — It  never  attacks 
the  cultivated  potato,  85 — Easily  confounded  with  its  potato- 
feeding  congener,  86 — How  the  two  differ,  86-88. 

OTHER  INSECT  FOES   OF   THE   POTATO. 

The  STALK-BORER,  Gortijna  nitda 90 

Habits,  90— Remedy,  91. 

The  POTATO  STALK-WEEVIL,  TriclioiaHs  trinotata 92 

Habits,  92— Remedy,  93. 

The  POTATO  or  tomato  worm,  Protoparce  celeus 93 

Habits,  94 — Remedies,  95 — Parasites,  96. 

Blister-beetles 96 

The  striped  blister-beetle,  Epicauta  vUtaia 97 

The  ash-gray  blister-beetle,  Macrohaais  unicolor 98 

The  black-rat  blister-beetle,  Macrobasis  unicolor 99 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  207 

1558.  EiLEY,  C.  v.— Coutiuued. 

Blistkimjeetles — Ccmtiiiuod. 

The  black  blistcr-bcctlo,  Epicauta  pcnnnylvauica 99 

The  iiiiir^iued  blister-beetle,  Epicunlg,  ciiicna 99 

Keiuedies,  100. 
The  thuee-lined  I'otato-bketi.k,  Lcma  triUiieata 100 

Habits,  101,  lO'i— Reineclies,  102.                   ' 
The  cucumber  flka-iu:etle,  Crtpidodcra  cucnmcrin 102 

Habits,  lOo  — Remedies,  103. 
The  cluhbed  toktoise-bketle,  Coptocijda  davata 103 

Habits,  103— Remedies,  104. 

1559.  EiLEY,  C.  Y.     Gall-insects.     <Jobiis()ii's  New  Universal  Cyclo- 

paedia, 1876,  V.  2,  pp.  412-4JG,  16  tigs.     !S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  76-80. 
Detiuition  of  the  term  "gall-iusects";  classiticatiou  aud  habits  of  the  same; 
meutiou  by  name  aud  figures  of  typical  species  and  galls  made  by  them; 
dimorphism  and  metagenesis  of  Cynips. 

1560.  EiLEY',  C.  Y.    Gall  nuts.   < Job nson's  New  Universal  Cyclopsedia, 

1876,  V.  2,  p.  4i7,  1  tig.     S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  81. 
Definition  of  ''gall-nuts"  formed  by  Cynips  flallwtnictoricu  on  twigs  of  Quer- 
CU8  infectoria',  local  origin,  chemical  composition,  use  iu  the  arts. 

1561.  EiLEY,  C.  V.     Galls.     <Jolinsoii's  New  Universal  Cyclopaedia, 

1876,  V.  2,  pp.  418-419,  2  tigs.     S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  82-8;i 
Definition  of  "galls;"  their  variety  of  form,   texture,   aud  location;  their 
nature  and  source. 

1562.  RiLEY,  C.  Y.     Locnst  prospects.     <Colniau's   Rural  World,  3 

January,  1877.     S.-b.  No.  14,  pp.  57-58;  58-59. 
Explains  means  of  prognosticating  the  advent  of  Caloptenua  apretus  iu  the 
spring  of  1877 ;  recommends  measures  of  precaution  and  the  procurement 
of  information  concerning  means  against  these  insects,  aud  gives  assurance 
that  the  invasion  of  the  locusts  will  be  but  temporary. 

1563.  Riley,  C.  Y.     Bots.     <Sci.  Amer.,  6  January,  1877  [v.  50],  u.  s., 

V.  36,  pp.  9-10.     Reprint:  —S.-b.  No.  14,  pp.  235-236.     <Lau- 
caster  Farmer,  15  September,  1877,  v.  9,  p.  142.     S.-b.  No.  14, 
p.  129.     <Cohuan's  Rural  World.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  100. 
Habits,  ravages,  aud  means  against  Gastrophilua  eqiii,  Cephalomyia  [_=  (Eairua^ 
ovis,  and  Uypodama  bovis. 

1564.  [RiLEY',  C.  Y.J     Academy  of*  Science.     Brilliant  and  profound 

address  of  Prof.  C.  Y.  liiley.  The  splendid  record  of  the 
Academy  for  the  i»ast  year.  Reports  of  ollicers  aud  committees 
and  election  of  managers  for  the  ensuing  year.  <St.  Louis 
Times,  16  January,  1877,  v.  — .  S.-b.  14,  pp.  91-96.  Reprint: 
<Traus.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  Decem))er,  1877,  v.  .5,  pp.  238- 
254  Proc.  Separate:  <St.  Louis,  1877,16  pp.  Translation: 
<Anzeiger  des  Westerns,  16  January,  1877,  v,  43,  p.  3.  S.-b. 
No.  14,  i)p.  50-54.  ♦ 

Review  of  progress  made  in  science  in  North  America,  aud  especially  by  the 
Academy  of  Science  of  St.  Louis  iu  1876;   n-miirks  on  entomological   ob- 
*  servatioiis   aud   publications,  and   especially   on    Doryphora  deccmlineata, 

Phylloxera  vastatrix,  and  Calopltnns  sjyrctnn. 


208  BIBLIOGRAPHY-  OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1565.  KiLEY,  C.  V.    Is  this  a  grasshopper  year?    Prof.  Riley's  opinion 

concerniug  the  prospect  for  bugs.  It  all  depends  on  the  kind 
of  weather  we  have  during  February.  <St.  Louis  Daily  Globe 
Democrat,  7  February,  1877,  v.  2,  No.  263,  p.  3.  S.-b.  No.  14, 
pp.  69-70.  Eeprint:  <Industrialist  [Manhattan,  Kans.]  17 
February,  1877,  v^.  2,  pp.  1,  4.  S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  49.  See:  <Col- 
man's  Rural  World,  1877.  S.-b.  No.  1,  pp.  59-o0. 
Replies  to  questions  as  to  the  likelihood  of  the  hatching  of  eggs  of  Caloptenus 
spretus  in  the  spring  of  1877;  the  degree  of  development  attained  before 
winter ;  possibility  of  the  resumption  of  development  after  it  has  once 
been  arrested. 

1566.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Are  the  locusts  hatching?    Mistaken  identity. 

<Colman's  Rural  World,  14  February,  1877,  2  figs.  S.-b.  No. 
14,  p.  62. 

Modified  extract  from  8th  Ann.  Rept.  State  Ent.  Mo.,  May,  1876,  pp.  149-150, 
Tragocephala  l^=Chorto])haga~\  viridifasciata  and  Tettix  granulatus  mistaken 
for  Caloptenus  spretus;  geographical  distribution  of  the  first;  hibernation 
and  colors  of  the  two  former  ;  figures  of  both. 

1567.  RiLEY,   C.  V.     Condition  of  locust  eggs:   Inquiries   answered. 

<Colman's  Rural  World,  21  February,  1877.     S.-b.  No.  14,  pp. 
67-68;   68. 
Replies  to  inquiries  as  to  the  degrees  of  development  attained  by  eggs  of 
Caloptenus  spretus  submitted  for  examination. 

1508.  Riley,  C.  V.    Tarred  paper  for  fruit  trees.     <Colmao's  Rural 
World,  7  March,  1877.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  61. 
Critical  review  of  article  by  E.  Gaylord ;  the  inclosure  of  trunks  of  fruit 
trees  in  tarred  paper  serviceable  as  a  protection  from  the  sun,  rabbits, 
mice,  and  borers. 

1569.  Riley,  C.  V.    Insect  on  the  grape.    <Uardener's  Mo.  and  Hortic, 

March,  1877,  v.  19,  p.  90. 
Varieties  of  grape  attacked  by  Desmia  maculalis  ;  means  against  the  same. 

1570.  Riley,  C.  V.    Ninth  annual  report  on  the  noxious,  beneficial, 

and  other  insects  of  the  State  of  Missouri,  made  to  the  State 
Board  of  Agriculture,  pursuant  to  an  appropriation  for  this 
purpose  from  the  legislature  of  the  State.  <12th  Ann.  Rept. 
State  Board  of  Agric.  for  1876,  March,  1877,  pp.  7-|-129-f  3,  33 
figs.  Separate:  <Jeft'erson  City,  Mo.,  March,  1877,  pp. 
7.f  129+3,  33  figs. 

Preface Ill 

Table  of  Contents V 

NOXIOUS   INSECTS. 

Currant  AND  GOOSEBERRY  WORMS  1 

There  are  several  species,  having  difi'erent  habits,  1— Three  which 
may  be  destroyed  by  similar  methods,  1 — Botanical  details  as  to 
the  currant  and  gooseberry,  2. 
The  gooseberry  span-worm,  Eufitchia  ribearia 3 

Its  natural  history,  3— Most  destructive  gooseberry  insect  in  Mis-  • 

souri,  3 — Generic  nomenclature,  3 — Characters  of  the  moth,  4 — 
Description  of  the  egg,  4— Where  the  eggs  are  laid,  4— The  in- 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  209 

1570.  Riley,  C.  V.— Continued. 

The  gooseberry  span-worm— Continued. 

sect  single-brooded,  5— How  it  spreads,  5— A  native  species,  &— 
Its  past  history,  f)— It  prefers  the  gooseberry  to  the  currant'  6— 
The  moth  is  closely  imitated  by  one  which  greatly  ditiers  struct- 
urally, 6— Parasites.  6— Remedies,  7— Other  currant  span- 
worms,  7. 

The  imported  Curraxt-worm,  Nemaius  rihesii 7 

Belongs  to  the  "false-caterpillars,"  7— The  different  specific  names 
it  has  received,  7— An  imported  species,  8— Its  introduction  and 
spread,  8— Independently  imported  at  several  eastern  points,  9— 
Its  natural  history,  9— How  the  eggs  are  laid,  10— Nature  and 
habits  of  the  worm,  11— Characters  of  the  parent  dies,  12— Pre- 
ventive measures,  13— Remedies,  13— White  hellebore  the  best, 
13— How  best  used,  14-15— The  worm  is  not  poisouous,  16— Nat- 
ural enemies,  17— It  furnishes  a  forcible  example  of  arrenotoky, 
or  the  power  of  producing  male  offspring  without  impregnation, 
18— Results  of  parthenogenesis  in  different  insects,  18— It  also 
furnishes  an  interesting  instance  of  defunctionation  of  special 
parts,  19— The  saw  of  the  female  imperfect  compared  with  others, 
20— Evolutionary  bearings  of  this  fact,  21— Descriptive,  21— 
Variation  in  the  anteunie  and  wing  veins,  22. 

The  NAxm:  curraxt-worm,  PrisUphora  grossuJaria 23 

Wherein  it  differs  from  the  imported  species,  23— Its  habits,  24— 
Where  the  eggs  are  laid,  25— How  the  winter  is  passed,  25— Its 
occurrence  in  Missouri,  2G— Remedies,  26— Descriptive,  26. 

The  strawberry- worm,  Harpiphoms  maculatits 27 

Also  a  false-caterpillar,  27— It  has  a  wide  range,  27— How  the  eggs 
are  deposited,  28— Character  and  habits  of  the  worm,  28— Reme- 
dies, 28— Descriptive,  28. 

Abbot's  white  pixe-worm,  Lophijrus  dbhotii 29 

Destructive  power  of  the  insects  of  its  genus  in  Germany,  29— 
Evergreens  which  it  prefers,  30— Habits  and  characters  of  the 
worm,  30— Variation  in  the  anrennaj,  30— Characters  of  the  per- 
fect flies,  30-31— How  the  eggs  are  laid,  31— Natural  enemies, 
31 — Remedies,  32— Descriptive,  32. 

Le  Coxte's  PiSE-woiiM,  Lophyrus  lecontei 32 

A  more  general  feeder  than  Abbot's  species,  32— The  close  resem- 
blance of  the  worms,  33— How  they  differ,  33— Descriptive,  33— 
Other  species  of  the  genus,  34. 

The  Colorado  potato-beetle,  Doryphora  lO-Iineala 34 

Injury  in  the  West  in  1876,  34— Spread  of  the  insect  during  the 
year,  34-35— Its  great  abundance  on  the  Atlantic  coast,  35— Rate 
at  which  it  traveled  since  1859,  37— An  average  of  88  miles  a 
year,  37— How  it  traveled,  37;  principally  iu  the  beetle  state, 
and  greatly  assisted  by  man,  37— Its  migrr^ting  habit,  38— 
Area  invaded  by  it  nearly  1,. 500,000  square  miles,  38— Causes 
which  limit  its  spread,  38— Will  it  reach  the  Pacific  slope  f,  39— 
How  it  affected  the  price  of  potatoes,  39— The  modification  it  has 
undergone,  40— A  mite  j)arasite  added  to  its  natural  enemies, 
41— Its  introduction  to  Europe,  42— A  living  specimen  found  last 
summer  in  the  Bremen  dock-yards,  42— Could  it  live  and  multi- 
ply in  Europe  f,  43— Action  taken  by  Enropean  governments  to 
prevent  its  introduction,  44— Consideration  of  the  Kearney  "  po- 
tato-pest poison,"  45. 
13  ENT 14 


210  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1570.  EiLEY,  C.  v.— Continued. 

The  army-worm,  Leucania  unipuncta 47 

Further  notes  and  experiments  thereon,  47 — Two  generations  pro- 
daced  annually  at  St.  Louis,  and  a  probable  third  generation, 
exceptionally,  48 — Summary  of  its  natural  history,  49. 
The  wheat-head  army-worm,  Leucania  alMlinea 5o 

A  new  enemy  to  wheat,  50 — First  complaint  of  it  in  the  East,  51 — 
First  appearance  in  Kansas,  51 — Habits  and  natural  history,  52 — 
The  egg" differs  from  that  of  the  army- worm,  53 — Wherein  the 
worm  is  distinguished  from  its  destructive  congener,  54 — Two 
broods  each  year,  54 — Natural  enemies,  54 — Remedies,  55 — De- 
scriptive, 55. 
The  Rocky  Mountain  locust,  Caloptenus  spretus 57 

It  continues  to  interest  the  people  of  the  West,  57 — Previous  opin- 
ions justified,  57 — The  invasion  of  1876,  59 — Few  in  British  Amer- 
ica, 59 — Condition  of  things  in  Montana,  59 — In  Wyoming,  59 — 
in  Dakota,  59 — In  Minnesota,  60 ;  locusts  and  alkali  soil,  61 ; 
good  done  by  Governor  Pillsbury,  of  Minnesota,  61 — In  Colorado, 
62 — In  Iowa,  03 — In  Nebraska,  64 — In  Kansas,  65— In  Missouri, 
66 — Flights  in  opposite  directions  at  the  same  time,  66 — Coun- 
ties in  Missouri  that  were  overrun,  67 — Red-legged  locust  trou- 
blesome in  east  Missouri,  68 — Detailed  reports  from  counties  in 
Missouri,  68 — Andrew  County,  68 — Atchison  County,  68 — Barry 
County,  68 — Barton  County,  69 — Bates  County,  69 — Benton 
County,  69 — Buchanan  County,  69 — Cass  County,  69 — Cedar 
^  County,    70— Caldwell    County,    70— Clay    County,    70  — Dade 

County,  70— De  Kalb  County,  70 — Gentry  County,  70— Greene 
County,  71 — Harrison  County,  71 — Henry  County,  71 — Hickory 
County,  71 — Holt  County,  71 — Jasper  County,  72 — Jackson 
County,  73 — Johnson  County,  73 — Lafayette  County,  73 — Law- 
rence County,  73— McDonald  County,  74— Newton  County,  74 — 
Nodaway  County,  74 — Pettis  County,  74— Platte  County,  74 — 
Polk  County,  75— Ray  County,  75 — Saint  Clair  County,  75 — Ver- 
non County,  75— In  Indian  Territory,  76— In  Texas,  76— In  Arkan- 
sas, 76— Destination  of  the  departing  swarms  of  1875,  77 — They 
reached  into  British  America,  78 — Source  of  the  swarms  of  1876, 
79 — Eastern  line  reached,  80 — Rate  at  which  the  insects  spread, 
80— Direction  of  flight,  81 — Influence  of  wind  in  determining 
the  course  of  locust  swarms,  81— Locust  flights  east  of  the  Mis- 
sissippi, 81 — Geographical  range  of  species,  82 — Causes  which 
limit  the  spread  of  the  Rocky  Mountain  locust,  83— Flights  of 
Acridium  americanum,  84 — Does  the  female  of  the  Rocky  Mount- 
ain locust  lay  more  than  one  egg-mass  ?,  85 — How  the  eggs  are 
laid,  86 — Philosophy  of  the  egg-mass,  87 — How  the  young  locust 
escapes  from  the  egg,  88— How  it  escapes  from  the  ground,  90— 
Additional  natural  enemies,  91 — Animals  which  destroy  the  eggs, 
91— The  Authomyia  egg-parasite,  92— The  common  flesh-fly,  95— 
Other  undetermined  enemies  of  the  eggs,  96 — Insects  which  de- 
stroy the  active  locusts,  98 — Experiments  with  the  eggs  and 
conclusions  therefrom,  99— Experiments  to  test  the  eftects  of 
alternately  freezing  and  thawing,  99— Experiments  to  test  the 
influence  of  moisture  upon  the  eggs,  104— Experiments  to  test 
the  effects  of  burying  at  different  depths  and  of  pressing  the 
soil,  104— Experiments  to  test  the  eff'ects  of  exposure  to  the  free 
air,  104-  The  Omaha  confereuce,  106— Remedies  and  suggestions, 
108— Des  ruction  of  the  young  or  unfledged  locusts,  108— Protec- 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  211 

1570.  Riley,  C.  R.— Continued. 

The  Rocky  Mountain  locust— Continued. 

tiou  of  fruit-trees,  110— Lejiislation,  HI — Act  passed  by  the  Mis- 
souri legislature,  111 — Acts  passed  by  the  Kansas  legislature, 
112 — Act  providing  for  the  destruction  of  locusts  in  Minnesota, 
114 — Area  in  which  eggs  were  laid,  116 — Condition  of  eggs.  117 — 
Temperature  of  the  winter  of  1876-'77,  120— Prospects  for  1877, 
121. 

INNOXIOUS  INSECTS. 

The  Hellgra.mmite,  Corydalna  cornutus 125 

Its  curious  egg-mass  described,  126 — Resembling  bird-dung  at  a  dis- 
tance, 126— Where  laid.  127— The  egg- burster,  127— Characters 
and  habits  of  the  newly-hatched  larva,  127 — Difficulty  of  rearing 
it  in  still  water,  128 — The  eggs  that  have  been  hitherto  mistaken 
for  those  of  Corydalus,  128 — They  are  probably  those  of  Belo- 
stoma  grandis,  128. 

The  Yucca  borer,  Megathymus  yucca; 129 

It  is  single-brooded,  129 — Will  thrive  in  the  latitude  of  St.  Louis, 
129 — The  larva  molts  quite  often,  129. 

1571.  RiLEY",  C  V.    Important  observations  on  the  Rocky  Mountain 

locust  or  grasshopper  pest  of  the   West.     <Sci.  Amer..  28 
April,  1877  [v.  50],  n.  s.,  v.  36,  pp.  260-261,  5  figs. 
Observations  on  the  egg-laying  habits  of  Caloptenus  spretus  ;  figures  Bgg,  egg- 
masses,  method  of  oviposition,  and  female  anal  characters. 

1572.  Riley,  C.  V.    Experiments  with  locust  eggs  and  conclusions 

therefrom.     <Sci.  Amer.,  5  May,  1877  [v.  50J,  n.  s.,  v.  36,  pp. 
276-277.     S.-b.  No.  U,  p.  101. 
Experiments  upon  the  vitality  of  eggs  of  Caloptenus  spretus;  effects  of  alter- 
nately freezing  and  thawing,  of  exposure  to  great  moisture  or  to  the  free 
air,  and  of  burying  them  at  different  depths. 

1573.  Riley,  0.  V.    Prof.  Riley's  report  to  the  Governor  of  Kansas: 

The  grasshopper  question :  Interesting  information.  <Com- 
mouwealth  [Topeka,  Kans.],  12  May,  1877,  :No.  2500,  p.  2.  S.-b. 
No.  14,  pp.  63-67.  Reprint :  <St.  Louis  Daily  Globe-Democrat, 
14  May,  1877,  v.  2,  No.  359,  p.  3.  S.-b.  No.  14,  pp.  70-72. 
Notice :  Klbid.,  p.  4.  S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  70.  See :  <Kansas 
Farmer,  16  May,  1877.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  59. 

Reply  to  letter  of  Governor  G.  T.  Anthony  ;  area  within  Kansas  in  which  eggs 
of  Caloptenus  spretus  were  laid  in  1876;  the  degree  to  which  the  young 
from  these  eggs  had  perished  or  were  likely  to  commit  ravages  in  the  sum- 
mer of  1877 ;  causes  of  the  destruction  of  a  great  proportion  of  the  young 
locusts;  means  of  completing  this  destruction. 

1574.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  strawberry  leaf-roller,  Anchylopcra  fragaria;. 

<Gardener's  Mo.  and  Hortic,  May,  1877,  v.  19,  pp.  143-144, 
fig.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  45. 

Repfiint,  with  additional  introduction  and  note,  from  1st  Ann.  Rept. 
State  Ent.  Mo.,  March,  1869,  pp.  142-143,  fig.  80.  See  No.  1059  for  sy- 
nopsis of  contents. 


212  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1575.  [EiLEY,  C.  v.,  et  al.\    U.  S.  Entomological  Commission.    Circular 

No.  1.  [Kiley,  Packard,  Thomas.]  <Washiugton :  1877,  8°, 
4  pp. 

Queries  regarding  the  migrations,  appearances,  habits,  and  ravages  of  Calop- 
teniissjyretus^  directions  for  making  replies. 

1576.  Riley,  C.  V.    U.  S.  Entomological  Commission.    Circular  No.  2. 

< Washington:  1877,  8°,  4  pp. 
Plans  of  work  ;  request  for  information  regarding  the  natural  history,  insect 
enemies,  and  parasites  of  Caloptenus  spretus  and  other  locusts ;    means 
against  the  same. 

1577.  [Riley,  C.  V.,  et  al.]    Bulletin  of  the  United  States  Entomologi- 

cal Commission.  Destruction  of  the  young  or  unfledged  lo- 
custs. No.  1.  [Riley,  Packard,  Thomas.]  <Washington:  1877, 
8°,  12  pp.  See:  <Sci.  Amer.,  2  June,  1877  [v.  50],  n.  s.,  v.  26, 
p.  344. 

Enumeration  of  means  of  destroying  young  or  unfledged  locusts;  quotations 
of  laws  passed  by  Statesof  Missouri,  Kansas,  and  Minnesota  to  provide  for 
the  destruction,  of  locusts  and  their  eggs. 

Supplement  to  Bulletin  No.  I,  2  pp.  Summary  of  means  for  the  destruction 
of  young  locusts. 

1578.  [RiLEY,  C.  v.,  et  al.\    Bulletin  of  the  United  States  Entomologi- 

cal Commission.  On  the  natural  history  of  the  Rocky  Mount- 
ain locust,  and  on  the  habits  of  the  young  or  unfled{;ed  in- 
sects as  they  occur  in  the  more  fertile  country  in  which  they 
will  hatch  the  present  year.  No.  2.  [Riley,  Packard,  Thomas.] 
<Washington :  May,  1877,  8°,  15  pp.,  figs.  1-11,  map. 
Description,  oviposition,  hatching,  transformations,  and  habits  of  Caloptenus 
spretus ;  map  of  the  country  that  will  suflFer  most  severely,  showing  the 
eastern  limit  of  injAry  the  present  year. 

1579.  Riley,  C.  Y.     The  grape  leaf-folder.     <Journ.  and  Farmer,  14 

June,  1877.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  133. 

Description  of  larva,  imago,  habits,  ravages,  distribution,  seasons,  and  food- 
plants  of  Desmia  niaculalis. 

1580.  Riley,  0.  V.    The  rascal  leaf-crumpler.    <Journ.  and  Farmer, 

14  June,  1877.    S.-b.  No.  14,  pp.  133-134. 

Description  of  larva,  larva-case,  imago,  habits,  ravages  of,  distribution,  sea- 
sons, food-plants,  and  means  against  P%cif«  nebnlo  1=:  Acrobasis  indiginella']. 

1581.  Riley,  C.  V,    The  Hessian-fly.    <Journ.  and  Farmer,  14  June, 

1877.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  135. 
Description  of  eggs,  larva,  puparium,  and  imago  of  Cecidomyia  destructor; 
civil  history,  seasons,  habits,  ravages  of  and  means  against  it ;  habits  of 
Semiotellus  [_=:Merisus^  destructor. 

1582.  Riley,  C.  V.    Locust  prospects.     <Sci.  Amer.,  16  June,  1877, 

[v.  50],  n.  s.,  V.  36,  p.  369. 
Causes  of  the  destruction  of  a  great  proportion  of  the  young  of  Caloptenus 
spretus;  a  general  and  disastrous  invasion  improbable  for  some  years. 

1583.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Insect  enemies.    <N.  Y.  Tribune,  16  June,  1877. 

S.-b.  No.  14,  pp.  234-235. 
1.  Apple-borers ;  answer  to  letter  of  V.  B.  P. ;  young  apple-trees  killed  by 
Xyleborus  obesus. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  213 

1583.  Riley,  C.  V.— Continued. 

2.  Rose-chafer;  answer  to  letter  of  I.  M.  II.;  means  against  Macrodactylus 

aubapinosus. 

3.  Bark-louse;  answer  to  letter  of  J.  L.  K. ;  seasons  and  ravages  of  and  means 

against  Mytilaspis  pomicorticis  [:=  pomorum'\. 

4.  Flea-beetle ;  answer  to  letter  of  J.  E.  R. ;  habits,  ravages,   and  means 

against  Graptodcra  \^^HaUica'\  chahjbea. 

1584.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  Hellgranimite.     <Sci.  Amer.,  23  June,  1873 

[v.  50],  n.  s.,  V.  36,  pp.  392-393,  3  figs. 
Structure  and  habits  of  Corydalus  cornutus,  description  and  figures  of  egg- 
uiasscs,  eggs,  larvie,  pupa,  and  images;  adaptations  of  sexual  structure  to 
conditions;  figure  and  description  of  eggs  of  liclostoma  (jrande  \^=ameri- 
canum'\. 

1585.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  'hopper  in  Iowa.     Report  by  Professor  Riley, 

Chief  of  the  U.  S.  Entomological  Commission.  <Chicago 
Daily  Tribune,  4  July,  1877,  v.  32,  p.  3.  S.-b.  No.  14,  pp.  112- 
114.  Extract:  <N.  Y.  Tribune,  4  July,' 1877.  S.-b.  No.  14,  p. 
128. 

Report  to  the  governor  of  Iowa  as  to  the  observed  and  anticipated  ravages  of 
CaloptenuH  spretus  in  southwestern  Iowa  in  1877  ;  the  yonng  locusts  mostly 
destroyed  by  the  weather;  their  natural  enemies  and  the  efforts  of  man ; 
localities  infested;  recommends  diversification  of  crops;  summary  of  means 
against  the  young  locusts;  claims  for  the  first  recommendation  of  proper 
ditching;  description  of  apparatus  for  catching  and  killing  locusts. 

1586.  Riley,  C.  V.    Strawberry  worm  and  remedy.    <N.  Y.  Tribune, 

18  July,  1877.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  231. 

Description  of  egg,  larva,  and  imago,  habits  of  and  means  against  Emphytua 
[=  Harpiphoru8'\  maculaius. 

1587.  Riley,  C.  V.     Fighting  the  Hessian-fly.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  18 

July,  1877.  S.-b.  No.  14,  pp.  232-233.  Reprint :  <Colman's 
Rural  World,  5  December,  1877.     S.-b.  No.  14,  pp.  268-269. 

Habits,  seasons,  parasites,  introduction,  spread,  and  ravages  of  and  means 
against  Ceeidomyia  destructor ;  description  of  eggs  and  larva. 

1588.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  grasshopper.    Considered  practically  and  sci- 

entifically with  a  retrospective  and  prospective  glance  at  his 
history.  <Daily  Rocky  Mountain  News  [Denver,  Colo.],  1 
August,  1877,  v.\8,  p.  4.  S.-b.  No.  14,  pp.  81-84;  110-112.  Re- 
print: <Colorado  Farmer,  2  August,  1877,  v.  9,  No.  31,  p.  4. 
<Chicago  [111.]  Daily  Tribune,  7  August,  1877,  v.  32,  p.  7.  S.-b. 
No.  14,  pp.  84-86. 

Observations  on  the  past  and  present  conditions  of  Caloptenns  spretus  in  1877 
in  the  regions  invaded  by  it ;  work  of  its  enemies  and  parasites  :  complica- 
tion of  the  locust  problem  in  Colorado  owing  to  the  climate  of  the  State; 
prospects  of  future  injury;  means  against  the  locusts  in  Colorado;  work 
of  the  U.  S.  Entomological  Commission. 

1589.  Riley,  C.  V.     In  reference  to  wheat-worms.    <Prairie  Farmer, 

11  August,  1877.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  127;  No.  20,  p.  86. 

Critical  review  of  C.  Thomas'  "A  wheat  insect"  (Prairie  Farmer,  *21  July, 
1877),  with  correction  of  some  obscnrities  in  regard  to  Meromyza  americana 
and  Gortyna  nitela. 


214  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1590.  Riley,  C.  V.    Locust  flights.    An  appeal  from  Prof.  C.  V.  Riley. 

<Manitoba  Daily  Free  Press,  8  September,  1877.  S.-b.  No.  14, 
p.  91. 

Reprint  of  questions  of  Circular  No.  1  of  U.  S.  Entomological  Commission, 
-with  request  for  answers  and  other  information  from  observers  in  Manitoba. 

1591.  Riley,  C.  Y.    The  locusts  in  Kansas.     <Sci.  Amer.,  8  Septem- 

ber, 1877  [v.  51],  n.  s.,  v.  37,  p.  164. 
No  dangerof  locust  invasion  in  Kansas  and  adjacent  States  in  the  fall  of  1877 ; 
diseased  conditions  of  late  swarms  ;  seasons  of  drought  and  locust  swarms 
generally  followed  by  rainy  seasons  and  a  scarcity  of  locusts. 

1592.  Riley,  C.  V.    A  satisfactory  grasshopper-machine.    <Sci.  Amer., 

8  September,  1877  [v.  51],  n.  s.,  v.  37,  p.  169. 

Description  and  figure  of  a  machine  for  the  killing  of  locusts. 

1593.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Mistaken  identity.     <K  Y.  Tribune,  12  Septem- 

ber, 1877.     S.-b.  Xo.  14,  p.  333. 
Answer  to  letter  of  Subscriber ;  Lema  triUneata  mistaken  for  Doryphora  10- 
Uneata  ;  first  occurrence  of  the  latter  in  Vermont  in  1876. 

1594.  Riley,  C.  Y.    Injured  orchard.    <N.  Y.  Tribune,  12  September, 

1877.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  233. 
Answer  to  letter  of  G.  W.  T.  ;  occurrence  of  numerous  nests  of  Formicidce 
about  the  roots  of  orchard  trees ;  probability  that  the  ants  are  harmless ; 
means  against  ants. 

1595.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]    The  stalk-borer.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  12  September, 

1877.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  233. 

Answer  to  letter  of  Wise. ;  food-plants  of  Gortyna  nitela ;  description  of 
larva. 

1596.  Riley,  C.  Y.    Locust  prospects  in  southwest  Missouri  this  fall. 

<Joum.  and  Farmer,  27  September,  1877.  S.-b.  No.  14,  pp. 
236-237. 

Ravages  of  Caloptenus  sjjretus  in  Missouri  in  1876  and  prospects  of  same  in 
1877 ;  history  of  locust  flights  in  1877. 

1597.  Riley,  C.  Y.    The  Colorado  potato-beetle  in  Europe.    German 

thoroughness.  <Sci.  Amer.,  29  September,  1877  [v.  51],  n.  s., 
V.  37,  p.  198.     S.-b.  No.  14,  pp.  123-124. 

Occurrence  of  Doryphora  10-lineata  at  Bremen  and  at  Miilheim,  in  Germany; 
thorough  measures  taken  to  eradicate  the  pests ;  economic  value  of  the 
measures. 

1598.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     The  cussed  red-leg.     <Chicago  [111.]  Times,  29 

September,  1877.  S.-b.  No.  14,  pp.  119-123.  Reprint:  <Mo. 
Rept.  Kansas  State  Board  of  Agric,  1877,  pp.  32-41.  S.-b.  No. 
14,  pp.  146-161.     Abstract:  <Amer.  Nat.,  November,  1877,  v. 

»  11,  pp.  663-673.  <Ca.  Nat.  and  Quart.  Jour.  Sci.,  December, 
1877,  V.  8,  pp.  363-374. 

Distinction  between  the  terms  locust  and  grasshopper ;  nature  of  varieties 
and  species;  distribution  of  Caloptenus  spretus  ;  laws  governing  its  migra- 
tions and  distribution  ;  exemplification  of  these  laws  by  records  of  flights 
during  1877  ;  means  against  locusts;  distinctions  between  Caloptenus  spretus 
and  C.  femur-ruhrum  ;  habits  and  transformations  of  Astoma  gryllaria  (=the 
young  of  Tromlid'mm  sericeum  I—  locustarum']) ;  habits  of  the  latter. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  215 

1599.  RiLEY,  C,  V.  [AYhite-grub  fundus.]  <X.  Y.  Weekly  Tribune,  4 
October,  1877.  Notice :  <Amer.  Eut.,  June,  1880,  [v.  3j,  n.  s.,  v. 
1,  p.  140. 

IGOO.  Riley,  C.  V.  On  the  larval  characters  and  habits  of  the  blister- 
beetles  belouginy:  to  the  genera  MacrohaHU  Lee.  and  Epicauta 
Fabr. ;  with  remarks  on  other  species  of  the  family  Meloidw. 
<Trans.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  5-lG  November,  1877,  v.  3,  pp. 
544-562,  figs.  35-30 ;  tigs.  1-12  of  pi.  5  with  1  p.  expl.  of  pi. 
Separate  :  <[St.  Louis,  Mo.,  1877],  pp.  1-19,  tigs.  35-39;  figs.  1- 
12  of  pi.  5  with  1  p.  expl.  of  pi.  Abstract:  <Sci.  Amer.,  1877 
[v.  51],  n.  s.,  V.  37  ;  1  December,  p.  346 ;  15  December,  p.  373; 
404  il.  S.-b.  No.  14,  pp.  272-275.  <Ent.  Mo.  Mag.,  January, 
1878,  V.  14, pp.  169-175.  Reprint,  with  changes  and  omissions: 
<Amer.  Nat.,  1878,  v.  12  ;  April  [19  March],  pp.  213-219,  figs. 
1-2;  May  [22  April],  pp.  282-290,  figs.  3-5,  pi.  1  with  1  p. 
expl.  of  pi.  Separate:  <Boston:  1878,  pp.  213-219;  282-290; 
pi.  1  with  1  p.  expl.  of  pi. 
Views  of  earlier  authors  as  to  the  hahits  of  meloid  larvae ;  nature  of  the  newly 
hatched  larva  (triungulin);  natural  history  of  Meloe  and  tSitaris,  with 
reference  to  the  literature,  descriptions  of  the  triuugulins,  especially  of 
M.  harbartis  ?  ;  figures  of  the  several  stages ;  nature  of  hypermetauiprpho- 
sis ;  food-habits  and  breeding  habits  of  Macrohasis  and  Epicauta,  especially 
of  E.  vittata ;  summary  of  what  is  known  of  the  larval  habits  of  other  gen- 
era of  Meloidw,  descriptions  and  figures  of  all  the  earlier  stages  of  E. 
vittata  ;  descriptions  of  eggs  and  triungulins  of  E.  cinerea,  E.  pennaylvanica, 
and  Henous  coiifertus. 

1601.  RiLEY',  C.  Y.    On  a  remarkable  new'genus  in  Meloidw  infesting 

mason-bee  cells  in  the  United  States.  <Trans.  Acad.  Sci.  St. 
Louis,  16  November,  1877,  v.  3,  pp.  563-565,  fig.  40;  tig.  13  of 
pi.  5,  with  1  p.  expl.  of  pi.  Separate :  <[St.  Louis,  Mo.,  1877], 
pp.  20-22,  fig.  40;  fig.  13  of  pi.  5,  with  1  p  expl.  of  pi.  Ab- 
stract :  <Amer.  Nat.,  April  [19  March],  1878,  v.  12,  pp.  218- 
219. 
Description  of  imagos,  ultimate  stage  of  second  larva,  and  coarctato  larva  Of 
Hornia  minutipennis,  n.  g.  et  n.  sp.,  parasitic  in  cells  of  Anthophora  sponaa 
[=  abrupta^  ;  hgures  <?  imago  and  coarctate  larva  of  the  same  ;  illustrates 
the  stages  of  degradation  in  tarsal  claws  of  several  genera  oi  Meloidw, 
synoptic  table  of  the  North  American  genera  of  Meloini. 

1602.  Riley,  C.  V.    Additional  notes  on  Mtgathymus  yiiccce.    <Trans. 

Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  16  November,  1877,  v.  3,  pp.  566-568. 
Separate  :  <[St.  Louis,  Mo.,  1877],  pp.  23-25. 
Supplementary  to  No.  1465 ;  habits,  seasons,  and  number  of  molts  of  the 
larva;  description  of  larva  in  second  and  third  stage  and  of  variations  in 
the  imago;  description  oi  coloradetiais  u.  var. ;  ^giale  cofaqui  a  variety  of 
Megathymus  yucca;  Erynnis  alcew  bores  in  stems  of  Malta  ayhentria  in  Eu- 
rope ;  Elaphidion  tectum  and  Scyphophorus  yuccce  in  stems  of  Tucca. 

1603.  Riley,  C.  V.    Further  remarks  on  Promiba  yiiccasella  and  on  the 

pollination  of  Yucca.    <Traus.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Loiiis,  16  No- 


216  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1603.  EiLEY,  C.  v.— Continued. 

vember,  1877,  v.  3,  pp.  568-573.  Separate :  <fSt.  Louis,  Mo., 
1877],  pp.  25-30.  Translation  :  <Stett.  Eut.  Zeit.,  1878,  Jabrg. 
39,  pp.  377-382. 
Critical  review  of  remarks  on  Pronuba  by  Chambers,  Zeller,  and  Boll ;  Hijpo- 
iiomeuta  quinquepuncteUa  mistaken  for  Pronuha  yuccaaella  ;  variations  in  the 
former  ;  uniformity  in  the  latter  ;  behavior  of  Pronuba  in  flowers  of  Yucca  ; 
question  of  the  method  of  fertilization  of  Yucca. 

1604.  Riley,  C.  V.    On  the  differences  between  Anisopteryx  pometariaj 

Harr.  and  Anisopteryx  (escularia  W.-V.,  with  remarks  on  the 
genus  Paleacrita.  <Trans.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  16  JSTovember- 
20  December,  1877,  v.  3,  pp.  573-577.  Separate :  <[St.  Louis, 
Mo.,  1877],  pp.  30-34. 
Characters  of  Anisopteryx  cescnlaria  show  that  it  is  congeneric  with  A.  pome- 
taria ;  criticisih  of  Packard's  Monograph  of  Geometridw ;  structural  char- 
acters separating  Anisopteryx  and  Paleacrita. 

1605.  Riley,  C.  V.    Wheat  rust  and  Hessian  fly.     <N.  T.  Tribune, 

19  December,  1877.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  235. 
Means  against  Puccinia  graminis;    P.  graminis  and  ^cidium  berberidis  are 
alternate  generations  of  one  species. 

1606.  Riley,  C.  V.    A  new  oak-gall  on  acorn  cups.    <Trans.  Acad. 

Sci.  St.  Louis,  20  December,  1877,  v.  3,  pp.  577-578. 

Description  of  gall  of  Cynips  quercus-glandulus  n.  sp.  [p.  578]  on  cupules  of 
all  species  of  prinus  group  of  Qu^-cus;  remarks  on  the  allied  structure  of 
the  galls  of  C.  fecundatrix  in  Europe,  and  of  C.  quercus-frondosa ;  occurrence 
of  galls  of  C.  \_^=  AmpMJ}olips'\  quercus-prunus  on  cupules  of  acorns. 

1607.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     [Maggots  in  sauce.]    <K  Y.  Tribune,  26  Decem- 

ber, 1877.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  234. 
Larvae  of  Drosophila  sp.  in  canned  sauce ;  D.  nigricornia  common  in  similar 
substances. 

1608.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     [Round-headed  apple-tree  borer.]     <N.  Y.  Tri- 

bune, 26  December,  1877.    S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  234. 

Ravages  of  and  means  against  Saperda  bivittata  [=  candida'\. 

1609.  Riley,  0.  V.     Entomological  notes.     <Trans.   Acad.  Sci.  St. 

Louis,  December,  1877,  v.  3,  pp.  217-218  Proc.  See:  <Amer. 
Nat.,  October,  1876,  v.  10,  p.  635. 
Generic  resemblance  of  Carpocapsa  saltitans  to  C.  pomonella;  correction  of 
vernacular  nameof  Cicada  [=  Tibicen']  septendecim ;  occurrence  of  the  same  in 
Virginia  in  I87G;  yearly  development  of  C.  [=T.]  tredecim;  Sericaria  mori 
reared  for  five  years  on  Madura  aurantiaca  vfith  increased  vigor  and  health- 
fulness;  Salix  nigra  stripped  by  larv<e  of  Vanessa  antiopa;  habits  of  the 
same. 

1610.  Riley,  C.  V.     Entomological  notes.     <Trans.  Acad.  Sci.  St. 

Louis,  December,  1877,  v.  3,  p.  219  Proc.  See:  <Colman's 
Rural  World,  1876.  S.-b.  No.  10,  p.  165.  <N.  Y.  Tribune, 
1876.  S.-b.  No. .9,  p.  215.  <Amer.  Nat.,  October,  1876,  v.  10, 
p.  635. 
Occurrence  and  ravages  of  Leucania  albilinea  in  Kansas ;  ectoparasitism  of 
Uropoda  americana  on  Doryphora  decemlineaia ;  list  of  vertebrate  enemies  of 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  217 

1610.  EiLEY,  O.  v.— Contiimea. 

D.  decemlineata;  occurrence  of  D.  decern  J  in  rat  a  in  New  Hampshire  ;  its  rav- 
ages along  the  Athvntic  coast;  see  No.  1505. 

1611.  Riley,  C.  V.     Centennial  insects.     <Trans.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis, 

December,  1877,  v.  3,  pp.  220-221  Troc. 

List  and  characterization  of  insects  observed  injuring  exhibits  in  the  Cen- 
tennial Exposition. 

1612.  Riley,  C.  V.    Parasites  on  eggs  of  Caloptenus  spretus.    <Trans. 

Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis.  December,  1877,  v.  3,  p.  220  Proc. 

A  large  proportion  of  locust  eggs  throughout  the  country  are  being  destroyed 
by  pa.asites,  prodaceous  insects,  and  other  causes;  precautions  against 
threatened  injury  ;  discovery  of  four  new  enemies  of  locust  eggs. 

1613.  Riley,  C.  Y.    Locust  flights  east  of  the  Mississippi.    <Trans. 

Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  December,  1877,  v.  3,  pp.  220-228  Proc. 
Locust  swarms  in  Ohio,  Illinois,  Georgia,  and  South  Carolinia  not  composed 
of  Caloptenus  spretus;  causes  which  limit  the  eastward  flight  of  C.  spretus. 

1614.  Riley,  C.  V.    Geographical  range  of  species.    <Traus.  Acad.  Sci. 

St.  Louis,  December,  1877,  v.  3,  pp.  230-233  Proc. 
Range  of  species  in  our  time  aflfected  only  by  the  interposition  of  human  in- 
fluence; the  limits  of  this  range  definitely  established  by  classified  knowl- 
edge, and  impassable,  except  by  man's  assistance;  Caloptenus  spretus  can 
not  change  its  habits;  the  diflerence  in  the  susceptibility  of  ditferent 
species  to  change  inexplicable. 

1015.  RiLEY'',  C.  Y.     [Anticipatedlocust  injury  next  summer.]    <Trans. 
Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  December,  1877,  v.  3,  p.  236  Proc. 
Abundance  and  advanced  state  of  development  of  eggs  of  Caloptenus  spretua 
in  the  Stales  invaded  in  1876;  probable  abundance  and  ravages  in  1677. 

1616.  RiLEY,   C.  Y.     [Japanese  mode  of   packing  silk-worm   eggs.] 

<Trans.   Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  December,  1877,  v.  3,  p.  236 
Proc. 

Mode  in  which  the  eggs  of  Sericaria  mori  are  packed  in  Japan  for  transpor- 
tation. 

1617.  RiLEY%  C.  Y.     Locust  experience.     <Trans.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis, 

December,   1877,  v.  3,  p.  267  Proc.    See:  <Colmau's  Rural 
World,  1877.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  205. 
Northern  limit  of  the  permanent  breeding-grounds  of  Caloptenus  spretus;  con- 
firmation of  views  regarding  laws  governing  locust  iuvasions;  discovery 
of  a  new  law. 

1618.  RiLEY,  C.  Y.    Mite   transformations.    <Trans.   Acad.  Sci.  St. 

Louis,  December,  1877,  v.  3,  pp.  267-268  Proc.     See:  <Col- 
man's  Rural  World,  1877.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  265. 

Habits  and  transformations  of  Trombidium  sericcum  [=  T.  locustarum]  ;  Astoma 
f/ryllaria  an  immature  form  of  the  same. 

1619.  RiLEY,  C.  Y.    [Mi/f/fdehentzii  and  Pepsisformosa.]    <Trans.  Acad. 

Sci.  St.  Louis,  December,  1877,  v.  3,  p.  209  Proc. 

The  bite  of  Mi/gale  hentzii  not  so  deadly  as  is  generally  supposed;  habita  of 
Pepsis  formosa  in  preying  on  the  spider. 


218  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1620.  EiLEY,  C.  V.     [Ravages  of  Termes  flavipes.]     <Trans.  Acad.  Sci. 

St.  Louis,  December,  1877,  v.  3,  p.  269  Proc. 
Note  to  comiuunication  of  E.  D.  Graut  on  some  ravages  of  Termes  flavipes. 

1621.  Riley,  C.V.  Ou  theovipositionof /S'aj?er<ia6iyiitotoSay.  <Trans. 

Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  December,  1877,  v.  3,  pp.  269-270  Proc. 
See :  <Colman's  Rural  World,  28  November,  1877.  S.-b.  No.  20, 
p.  6. 

Description  of  egg  and  manner  of  oviposition  of  Saperda  hiviltata  [  =  Candida]. 

1622.  Riley,  C.  V.    On  migratory  butterflies.    <Trans.  Acad.  Sci.  St. 

Louis,  December,  1877,  v.  3,  pp.  273-274  Proc.     See :  <Valley 
Naturalist,  January,  1878,  v.  1,  p.  2. 
Phenomena  and,  causes  of  the  migrations  of  butterflies,  especially  of  Danaie 
archippus. 

1623.  Riley,  C.  V.     [Phylloxera  and  grape-rot.]     < Trans.  Acad.  Sci. 

St.  Louis,  December,  1877,  v.  3,  p.  275  Proc.     See :  <Colmau's 
Rural  World,  28  November,  1877.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  268. 
Disagreement  with  views  of  A.  J.  Cook  as  to  there  being  any  connection  be- 
tween the  work  of  Phylloxera  vastatrix  and  the  ordinary  grape-rot. 

1624.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  periodical  Cicada.     <Western  Farmer's  Al- 

manac for  1878,  1877,  p.  48.  S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  138.  Reprint: 
<Colman's  Rural  World,  28  November,  1877.  S.-b.  No.  14,  pp. 
265-266. 
Regular  periodicity  of  the  appearance  of  Cicada  [_=Tibicen']  septendenm  and 
C.  [=T.]  tredecim;  popular  description  and  natural  history  of  the  same; 
chronology  of  twenty-two  different  broods,  geographically  classified. 

1625.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  locust  plague  in  the  United  States :  being 

more  particularly  a  treatise  on  the  Rocky  Mountain  locust,  or 
so-called  grasshopper,  as  it  occurs  east  of  the  Rocky  Mount- 
ains, with  practical  recommendations  for  its  destruction.  <Chi- 
cago :  Rand,  McNally  &  Co.,  1877,  236  pp.,  3  pi.,  42  figs.  Ex- 
tract: <Manitoba  Standard,  1877.  S.-b.  No.  14,  pp.  97-98.  No- 
tice :  <Cultivator  and  Country  Gentl.,  30  August,  1877,  v.  42, 
p.  557.  <Gardener's  Mo.  and  Hortic,  October,  1877,  v.  19,  p. 
317.     <Ent.  Mo.  Mag.,  October,  1877,  v.  14,  p.  118. 

TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 

Preface 7 

Introduction 9 

Chapter  I : 

Characters  of  the  species 13 

Classificatory  position  of  the  Rocky  Mountain  locust,  13 — How  it 
differs  from  other  species,  14 — Easily  confounded  with  the  com- 
mon red-legged  locust,  14— Detailed  descriptions  of  both,  15— 
Its  still  closer  resemblance  to  the  Atlantic  migratory  locust,  22 — 
Characters  of  this  last,  22— Species  vs.  variety  and  race,  23 — Com- 
parisons of  these  three  closely-allied  species  in  their  early  stages, 
26 — A  green  variety  of  the  Rocky  Mountain  locust  not  infrequent, 
27 — Purely  an  American  insect,  28. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  219 

1625.  Riley,  C.  V.— Continued. 
Chapter  II : 
Chronological  history 29 

The  locust  plague  iu  the  "Old  World,"  2'J— Extent  of  its  injuries, 
30— Migratory  species  iu  Europe,  Asia,  and  Africa,  30 — The  rav- 
ages of  the  locust  iu  America,  31 — Its  earliest  visitutious,  31 — In- 
juries ou  the  Pacitic  coast,  3".i — lujuries  east  of  the  Rocky  Mount- 
ains, 33— Invasions  of  1818-'19,  33— Of  184r)-'41),  34— Of  185.=.,  34— 
Of  1856,  35— Of  1857-'67, 35, 36— Of  1866, 36— Damage  the  follow- 
ing year,  37— The  invasion  of  1873,  38— That  of  1874,  39— Why  so 
disastrous.  41— General  outlook  in  the  spring  of  1875,  42 — Severity 
of  the  injuries  from  the  young  insects  that  year,  43 — Destitution 
that  prevailed,  44 —Amount  of  loss  sustained,  45 — Destination  of 
departing  swarms  of  1875,  47 — The  invasion  of  1876, 49 — Eastern 
limit  reached,  53 — Omaha  conference,  53. 
Chapter  III : 
Native  home  and  geographical  range  of  the  species  east  of  the 

mountains 55 

Source  of  the  devastating  swarms  that  reach  into  the  Mississippi 
Valley,  55 — Theit  origin  in  the  extreme  Northwest  country  lying 
east  of  the  mountains,  56 — Cause  of  their  emigration,  57 — DifiFer- 
ence  hetween  summer  and  fall  swarms,  58 — The  species  not  at  home 
in  the  Mississippi  Valley,  62 — Not  permanent  or  able  to  perpetu- 
ate itself  there,  62 — Conditions  which  prevent  such  permanence, 
63 — Not  likely  to  do  serious  harm  east  of  the  ninety-fourth  me- 
ridian, 65 — Reasons  why,  65. 
Chapter  IV : 

Natural  history  and  transformations 69 

How  the  eggs  are  laid,  69 — Philosophy  of  the  egg-mass,  71 — The 
female  capable  of  laying  more  than  one  egg -mass,  72 — The  escape 
of  the  young  locust  from  the  egg,  73 — Its  emergence  from  the 
ground,  78 — Growth  and  transformations,  78 — Acquisition  of 
wings,  80 — Number  of  molts,  82 — Flight  at  night,  83. 

Chapter  V : 

Habits  and  power  for  injury 85 

Flight  and  ravages,  85 — Migratory  instinct  and  great  destructive 
power  confined  to  a  single  species  west  of  the  Mississippi,  88 — 
Food-plants,  89 — Injury  to  fruit  trees,  93 — Time  of  appearance  of 
invadin  -  swarms,  94 — Rate  at  which  they  spread,  95— Direction 
of  their  flight,  96 — Where  the  eggs  are  preferably  laid,  96— Time 
of  hatching,  97 — Habits  of  the  young  or  unfledged  locusts,  98 — 
Directions  in  which  the  young  travel,  100 — Rate  at  which  they 
travel,  100— Limit  of  their  eastward  spread,  100— Not  led  by  kings 
or  queens,  101 — Direction  taken  by  the  departing  swarms,  103 — 
Their  destination,  104. 

Chapter  VI : 

Elfects  of  the  young  insects  in  the  country  where  they  hatch,  but 

where  they  are  not  indigenous 107 

Experience  with  the  young  locusts  iu  spring,  107— Contrast  in 
summer  and  fall,  108 — No  evil  without  some  compensating  good, 
108— Changes  that  follow  the  locusts,  109— The  prevalence  of 
large  green  worms,  110 — The  sudden  appearance  of  a  peculiar 
grass,  110. 


220  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1625.  Riley,  C.V. — Continued. 

Chapter  VII : 
Natural  enemies  of  the  Rocky  Mountain  locust 113 

Birds  and  other  vertebrate  auimals,  113 — The  good  offices  of  birds. 
113 — Invertebrate  animals,  114 — Animals  that  attack  the  eggs, 
115— The  silky  mite,  115 — The  Anthomyia  egg-parasite,  118 — The 
common  flesh-fly,  123 — Undetermined  larv;*,  123 — Ichneumon- 
flies,  ground-beetles,  click-beetles,  and  myriapods,  126— Insects 
that  destroy  the  active  locust,  126 — The  locust-mite,  128 — The 
anonymous  Tachina-fly,  131 — Yellow-tailed  Tachina-fly,  134 — 

.   Flesh-fly,  135. 
Chapter  VII-I  : 
Practical  considerations 139 

How  best  to  prevent  locust  injuries,  139 — Encouragement  of  nat- 
ural enemies,  139 — Destruction  of  the  eggf,  139 — Experiments 
with  the  eggs  and  conclusions  drawn  therefrom,  140 — Eifects  of 
alternately  freezing  and  thawing,  141 — Influence  of  moisture, 
143 — Exposure  to  the  free  air,  148 — Burying  at  different  depths, 
and  pressure  of  the  soil,  149 — Table  of  temperatures,  152 — Har- 
rowing in  the  fall,  153 — Collecting  the  eggs,  153 — Plowing,  how 
most  effectual,  153 — Irrigation,  tramping,  154 — Destruction  of 
the  young  or  unfledged  locusts,  155 — Burning,  155 — Crushing, 
157 — Trapping,  157 — Ditching  and  trenching,  161 — Catching, 
161 — Different  contrivances  for  this  purpose,  162 — Use  of  de- 
structive agents,  162 — Coal-oil  pans,  163 — The  use  of  coal-tar, 
164 — The  protection  of  plants  by  special  applications,  165 — The 
best  means  of  protecting  fruit  and  shade  trees,  166 — Sulphur 
fumes  and  smudges,  167— Destruction  of  the  winged  locusts, 
167— Preventive  measures,  169 — Suggestions  that  may  prove  of 
service,  170 — Use  of  hogs  and  poultry,  171 — The  Signal  Service, 

.   172 — Military  aid,  173 — Diversified  agriculture,  174 — Organized 
effort,  176 — State  legislation,  176 — Missouri  locust  law,  177 — Kan- 
sas locust  laws,  178,  179 — Minnesota  locust  law,  180 — Nebraska 
locust  law,  184 — How  to  avert  locust  invasions,  186. 
Chapter  IX : 

Ravages  of  locusts  east  of  the  Mississippi 187 

Migratory  locusts  in  the  eastern  States,  187 — The  Atlantic  locust, 
187 — Injury  from  other  non-migratory  species,  190 — Often  a 
serious  matter  during  hot,  dry  seasons,  193 — Locust  flights  in 
Illinois  in  1875, 195 — The  species  of  which  the  swarms  were  com- 
posed, 197 — Locust  flights  east  of  the  Mississippi  not  composed 
of  the  Rocky  Mountain  species,  201 — Necessity  of  discriminating 
between  species,  201. 
Chapter  X : 

General  considerations 207 

Nomenclature,  207 — Locust  vs.  grasshopper,  207 — Prairie  fires  vs. 
locust  ravages,  209 — Fasting  and  prayer,  213 — Not  a  divine  visi- 
tation, 216 — Influence  of  the  wind  in  determining  the  course  of 
locust  flights,  216 — Locusts  as  food  for  man,  217. — Unnecessary 
alarm  caused  by  comparatively  harmless  species,  227. 

1626.  Riley,  0.  V.    On  an  extensile  penetrating  organ  in  a  gamasid 

mite.  <Proc.  Amer.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.  for  1876,  1877,  v.  25, 
pp.  273-275,  1  fig.  See:  <Ca.  Ent.,  September  [October], 
1876,  V.  8,  p.  180. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  221 

1626.  Riley,  C.  V.— Continued. 

Habits  and  description  of  Vropoda  vegetans  and  U.  americnna  u.  sp. ;  nature 
of  the  adhesive  tilanieut  of  tlieso  mites;  structure  of  tlie  supposed  max- 
illary penetrating;  orj^an  in  I'ropoda. 

1627.  Riley,  O.  V.    On  the  curious  egg-mass  of  Gorydaluft  cornutus, 

Linn.,  and  on  the  eggs  that  have  hitherto  been  referred  to  that 
species.  <Proc.  Amer.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.  for  1S70, 1877,  v.  25, 
pp.  275-279,  1  fig.  Reprint:  <9th  Ann.  Rept.  State  Ent.  Mo., 
March,  1877,  pp.  125-129,  figs.  30-33.  See :  <Ca.  Ent.,  Octo- 
ber [November],  187G,  v.  8,  pp.  181-182. 
See  No.  1570  for  synopsis  of  contents. 

1628.  Riley,  C.  V.    Phylloxera  and  grape-rot.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  Jan- 

uary, 1878.  S.-b.  No.  19,  pp.  193;  224.  Reprint:  <Colmau's 
Rural  World,  1878.  S.-b.  No.  14,  pp.  2GC-2C7.  Extract: 
<Gardener's  Mo.  and  Hortic,  July,  1879,  v.  21,  pp.  213-214. 
S.-b.  No.  23,  pp.  118;  143-145.  <Ann.  Rept.  [U.  S.]. Commis- 
sioner Agric.  for  1878,  22  November,  1879,  pp.  2.)7-238.  See: 
<Gardener's  Chronicle,  9  August,  1879.  S.b.  No.  20,  p.  15. 
See  No.  1721  for  synopsis  of  contents. 

1629.  Riley,  C.  V.    Address  by  Prof.  C.  Y.  Riley,  retiring,  before  the 

St.  Louis  Academy  of  Science.     <St.  Louis  Republican,  8  Jan- 
uary, 1878.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  2G9.     Reprint :  <Traus.  Acad.  Sci. 
St.  Louis,  1880,  V.  4,  pp.  1-6  Proc. 
Review  of  progress  made  in  science  in  1876;  successof  the  investigation  into 
the  Rocky  Mountain  locust  scourge. 

1630.  Riley,  C.  Y.     New  facts  about  the  round-head  apple-tree  borer. 

<N.  Y.  Weekly  Tribune,  20  February,  1878.  S.b.  No.  19,  i)p. 
193-194.  Reprint:  <Colman's  Rural  World,  20  March,  1878. 
S.-b.  No.  14,  pp.  267-268.  Reprint,  with  slight  omission: 
<Ihid.,  12  March,  1879.  S.-b.  No.  23,  pp.  101-102.  See :  <Mir- 
ror  and  Farmer,  0  April,  1878.  S.-b.  No.  20,  p.  3. 
Description  of  egg  and  manner  of  oviposition  o(  Saperda  bivittaia  {_=  Can- 
dida'] ;  seasons  of  oviposition  ;  means  against  the  same. 

1631.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     Buggy  beans.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  20  February, 

1878.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  234. 
Habits  and  distribution  of  and  means  against  Bruchus  faba ;  edibility  of  the 
same. 

1632.  Riley',  C.  Y.     On  the  transformations  of  the  red  mites.    <Amer. 

Nat.,  March  [23  February],  1878,  v.  12,  i)p.  139-146,  tigs.  1-6. 
Habits,  description,  and  figures  of  Trombidiuni  locioitarum  [p.  142],  T.  gigan- 
teum,  [p.  14;i],  T.  muncarum  [p.  144],  and  Eydrachna  belostonw  [p.  14G],  n. 
sp. ;  figures  and  description  of  most  of  the  stages  of  the  same  ;  definition  of 
Trombidium.     [Advance  extract  from  No.  Ifi4;i.  ] 

1633.  Riley,  C.  Y.]     Clothes  moths.     <Sci.  Amer.,  23  March,  1878  [v. 

52],  n.  s.,  V.  38,  p.  177.  S.-b.  No.  19,  p.  23S.  Reprint :  < Kansas 
Farmer,  17  Aprd,  1878.  S.-b.  No.  19,  j).  225.  <Colman's  Rural 
World,  3  Ai)ril,  1878.     S.-b.  No.  19,  pp.  198-19J. 


222  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1633.  Riley,  C.  V.— Continued. 

Indiscriminate  use  of  names  and  habits  of  several  species  of  Tinea  injurious 
to  woolen  goods,  fur,  hair,  and  similar  substances;  means  against  the 
moths. 

1634.  Riley,  C.  V.    Pieris  vernalis  and  P.  protodice.    <Ca.  Ent.,  Feb- 

ruary [March],  1878,  v.  10.  p.  39. 
Conformation  of  T.  E.  Bean's  conclusion  that  P.  vernalis  is  the  spring  form 
of  P.  protodice. 

1635.  Riley,  C.  V.    Migratory  butterflies.    <Sci.  Amer.,  6  April,  1878 

[v.  52],  n.  s.,  V.  38,  p.  215,  fig.  S.-b.  Ko.  19,  p.  250.  Extract: 
<Amer.  Ent.,  April,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  102,  fig.  34. 
Occurrence  of  migratory  swarms  of  Danais  archippus  in  central  southern 
United  States  in  the  autumn  of  1877,  and  of  return  migrations  in  spring; 
explanation  of  these  migrations;  mentions  other  migTutovj  Ehopalocera ; 
distribution  o{  Danais  archippus  and  Cynthia  [z=Pyrameis']  cardui;  figure  of 
Danais  archippus. 

1636.  RiLEY,  C.  V.    The  horn-bug.     <Sci.  Amer.,  20  April,  1878  [v.  52], 

n.  s.,  V.  38,  p.  249, 1  fig.     S.-b.  i^o.  19,  p.  241. 

Natural  history,  description  of  egg,  larva  and  pupa,  and  figures  of  larva, 
pupa,  and  imago  of  Passalus  cornutus. 

1637.  Riley,  C.  V.    Egg-feeding  mites.     <Ca.  Ent.,  March  [April], 

1878,  T.  10,  pp.  58-59. 
Citation  of  records  of  Acari  feeding  on  eggs. 

1638.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Bad  work  of  the  grain  Aphis     <N.  T.  Tribune, 

26  June,  1878.     S.-b.  ^^o.  19,  p.  224. 
Habits  and  ravages  of  and  means  against  Aphis  avenw  [^  Nectarophora  gra- 
7iaria']. 

1639.  [Rlley,  C.  v.]     Of  Doryphora.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  26  June,  1878. 

S.-b.  No.  19,  p.  243. 

Natural  history,  enemies,  and  spread  of  Doryphora  decemlineata  ;  description 
of  larva  and  imago ;  methods  of  using  Paris  green. 

1640.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  apple-tree  borer.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  24  July, 

1878.     S.-b.  No.  19,  p.  195. 

Means  against  Chrysohothris  femorata. 

1641.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    The  raspberry  saw-fly.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  24  July, 

1878.     S.-b.  No.  19,  pp.  197 ;  226. 
Habits  of  and  means  against  Selandria  [==  Monophadnus^  ruhi. 

1642.  [Rlley,  C.  v.]    Inquiring  friends.    <N.  Y.  Tribune,  24  July,  1878. 

S.-b.  No.  19,  p.  198. 

Means  against  JEgeria  tipiiliformis. 

1643.  [Rlley,  C.  Y.,  et  al]    First  annual  report  of  the  United  States 

Entomological  Commission  for  the  year  1877,  relating  to  the 
Rocky  Mountain  locust  and  the  best  methods  of  preventing  its 
injuries  and  of  guarding  against  its  invasions,  in  pursuance  of 
an  appropriation  made  by  Congress  for  this  purpose.  With 
map  and  illustrations.    <  Washington,  29  July,  1878,  pp.  16+ 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  223 

1643.  Riley,  C.  V.— Coiitinueil. 

477+  295,  111  tigs.,  5  pis.,  2  maps.     See :  <Sci.  Amer.,  5  July, 
1879  [v.  55],  n.  s.,  v.  41,  p.  8.     S.  b.  No.  23,  p.  121. 

TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 

Letter  of  transmittal xi 

Letter  of  submittal xiii 

Preface xv 

Introduction:  By  C.  "V.  Riley. 
iDtroductory  remarks 1 

Creation  and  organization  of  the  Commission,  1 — Division  of  labor, 
I — Circulars  sent  out,  2-6 — Area  over  which  eggs  were  laid  in 
1876,  6— Outlook  in  spring  in  more  southern  States,  7 — Letter  to 
Governor  Anthony,  of  Kansas,  on  the  condition  of  things  in  May, 
H-10 — State  of  things  in  Minnesota  in  spring,  11 — Outlook  in  Ne- 
braska in  June,  13— Second  meeting  of  the  Commission.  14 — 
Outlook  in  Iowa  in  June,  15 — Visit  to  Colorado,  Utah,  and  Mon- 
tana in  June,  17 — Visit  to  Colorado  in  July,  17-20— Third  meet- 
ing of  the  Commission,  21 — Trip  to  the  Pacific  coast,  21 — Trip  to 
British  America,  22 — List  of  chapters,  23 — Character  and  synop- 
sis of  chapters,  24-29 — Prospects  for  1877,  29. 
Chapter  I :   By  C.  Thomas. 

Cla&sification  and  nomenclature;  characters  of  the  species 13 

Families  of  the  Orthoptera,  32 — Locust  vs.  grasshopper,  33 — Ge- 
neric nomenclature,  37 — Generic  diagnosis,  40 — Species  of  the 
genus  CaJoptetius,  42— Full  definition  of  Caloptenus  spretua  and 
of  its  nearest  congeners,  43-52. 

Chapter  II :  By  C.  Thomas. 

Chronological  history  of  locust  injuries 53 

Compared  with  locust  ravages  in  the  Eastern  Hemisphere,  53 — In- 
jury in  the  Northwest  early  in  the  present  ceutury,  54 — Brief 
reviews  from  1820  to  1S77,  54-56 — Locust  history  in  Texas,  57-62 ; 
in  Indian  Territory,  63  ;  in  Arkansas,  64  ;  in  Missouri,  64-68  ;  in 
Kansas,  68-74;  in  Nebraska,  74-77;  in  Iowa,  77-80;  in  Minne- 
sota, 80-87;  iu  Dakota,  88-92;  in  Montana,  92-96;  in  Idaho,  96; 
in  Wyoming,  97 ;  iu  Colorado,  99-102  ;  in  Utah,  102-104  ;  iu  New 
Mexico  and  Arizona,  105;  in  Nevada,  105;  in  Oregon  and  Wash- 
ington Territory,  106;  in  British  North  America,  108-112 — Tabu- 
lar view  of  locust  years,  113. 
Chapter  III :   By  C.  Thomas. 

Statistics  of  losses 114 

DifiBculty  of  obtaining  reliable  data,  114 — Estimates  in  Kansas, 
115;  in  Minnesota,  116;  iu  Missouri,  117 — Loss  in  Kansas,  Ne- 
braska, Iowa,  and  Missouri  in  1874,  118 — Loss  to  difl'erent  crops, 
120— Loss  to  Missouri  in  1875,  121— Total  loss  during  the  years 
1874-77,  §200,000,000,  122. 
Chapter  IV  :  By  C.  Thomas. 

Agricultural  bearing  of  the  locust  problem  123 

Drawback  to  the  settling  of  the  West,  124— What  is  likely  to  be 
the  effect  in  tlie  future,  125 — Modification  and  settlement  of  the 
Western  plains,  129- Crops  which  suffer  most,  and  those  which 
suffer  least,  130— Small  grains  not  aflected  by  invading  swarms, 
128 — Need  of  judgment  iu  planting,  129. 


224  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1643.  EiLEY,  C.  v.— Continued. 

Chapter  V:  By  A.  S.  Pachard,  jr. 

Permanent  breeding-grounds  of  the  Rocky  Mountain  locust 131 

Permanent  breeding-grounds,  131 — Definition  of  the  permanent  re- 
gion, 133 — Its  character  and  extent,  134 — The  Rocky  Mountain 
locust  a  sub-boreal  insect,  135 — The  sub-permanent  region,  136 — 
The  temporary  region,  136. 

Chapter  VI:  By  C.  Thomas  and  A.  S.  Pachard,  jr. 

Geographical  distribution 136 

Eastern  limits  of  spread,  137 — Northern  limits,  139 — Western  lim- 
its, 140 — Southern  limits,  141 — Sub-permanent  region,  142. 

Chapter  VII:  By  A.  S.  Pachard,  jr.,  and  C.  Thomas. 

Migrations 143 

Classification  of  flights,  143 — Invading  swarms,  143 — Returning 
swarms,  143 — Local  flights,  143 — Height  at  which  swarms  move, 
144 — Effect  of  change  of  wind  and  weather  on  flights,  145 — 
Flight  at  night,  147 — Migrations  previous  to  1877  east  of  the 
Rocky  Mountain  Plateau,  148 — Direction  of  invading  swarms 
prior  to  1877,  149 — Direction  of  flight  in  1876,  151 — Migrations 
within  the  permanent  region,  153-158 ;  in  Montana,  153 ;  in 
Wyoming,  156;  in  Colorado,  157;  in  Eastern  Idaho  and  Utah, 
158 ;  in  the  lower  Snake  Valley,  158 — Return  migrations  from  the 
temporary  region  previous  to  1877,'159-162 — Return  migrations 
in  1877,  162-165— Local  flights  in  1877,  165— Record  of  flights  for 
July  3  and  July  20,  1877,  165-169— Summary  of  flights  by  States, 
170-174 — Southward  flights  in  1877,  175 — Movements  in  difi'erent 
directions  at  one  time,  176— Destination  of  return  swarms,  177. 

Chapter  VIII:   By  C.  V.  Riley. 

Habits  and  natural  history 212 

Destructive  powers  of  locusts,  212-215 — Stoppage  of  railroad  trains, 
215 — Rate  at  which  locust  swarms  move,  215 — Velocity  of  flight, 
216 — Direction  of  invading  swarms,  217 — Time  of  appearance  of 
invading  swarms,  217 — Flight  at  night,  218 — Height  of  flight, 
219 — General  habits  at  night,  '219 — Where  the  eggs  are  laid,  222 — 
Manner  in  which  the  eggs  are  laid,  223 — Philosophy  of  the  egg- 
mass,  225 — The  female  lays  more  than  one  egg-mass,  226 — Inter- 
val between  different  egg-layings,  227 — Number  of  eggs  laid, 
228 — The  hatching  process,  228-231 — Where  and  under  what  con- 
ditions of  soil  the  young  hatch  most  freely,  231 — Time  of  hatch- 
ing, 231 — Habits  of  the  young  or  unfledged  locusts  in  the  tem- 
porary region,  232 — Directions  in  which  the  young  travel,  234 — 
Rate  at  which  the  young  travel,  235— They  reach  but  a  few  miles 
east  of  where  they  hatch,  235 — Not  led  by  kings  and  queens,  236— 
Time  of  year  when  wings  are  acquired,  237— Direction  taken  by 
swarms  departing  from  the  temporary  region,  238 — Destination 
of  departing  swarms,  238— Do  the  return  swarms  breed?  239— Do 
return  swarms  from  the  temporary  region  retrace  their  course? 
240 — The  species  essentially  single-brooded,  240-243 — Reasons 
why  it  cannot  produce  two  generations  annually,  243— The  spe- 
cies can  not  permanently  dwell  in  the  temporary  region,  244 — 
The  insects  which  hatch  there  do  not  remain,  246— Extensive  and 
thick  egg-laying  seldom  occurs  twice  consecutively  in  the  same 
locality,  247— Reasons  why  it  does  not,  248— Causes  of  migration, 
249  -Food-plants,  251— Crops  and  plants  most  liked  and  those 
feast  liked,  252-254 — Unnecessary  alarm  caused  by  compara- 
tively harmless  species,  255. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  225 

1643.  Riley,  C.  V Continued. 

Chaptkr  IX  :   By  A.  S.  Pachard,  jr. 
Anatomy  and  embryology o^ 

External  anatomy,  237— Divisions  of  the  body,  2r)8-s"exual' differ- 
ences, 259— Internal  anatomy,  261— The  digestive  system,  262- 
264.  -The  nervous  system,  264-Tbe  heart,  266-The  trachei  and 
dilated  air-sacs,  267-Mode  of  breathing,  269-The  locust  an 
aeronaut,  270— The  male  reproductive  system,  270— The  female 
reproductive  system,  271— Organs  of  special  sense,  272— The  line 
anatomy  of  the  locust,  273-Embryology  of  the  Rocky  Mountain 
locust,  277— Different  egg-layers,  278— How  the  embryo  lies 
within  the  egg.  278— How  it  bursts  the  egg,  279. 
Chapter  X  :  By  C.  V.  Riley. 

Metamorphoses n-n 

The  six  stages  of  growth ,  279— Variability  in  the  tlept'h  of  coloring, 
281— The  process  of  molting,  281— Time  required  for  it,  283— Dif- 
ferences in  the  immature  stages  between  the  Rocky  Mountain, 
the  lesser,  and  the  red-legged  locusts,  283. 
Chapter  XI :  By  C.  Y.  Riley. 

Invertebrate  enemies no. 

Value  of  the  locust's  minute  enemies,  284— Animals  that  destroy 
the  eggs,  285— The  Anthomyia  egg-parasite,  285— The  common 
flesh-fly,  289-Ground-beetles  and   their  larva?,  289— Earpalus 
larvae,  289— The  egg-feeding  Amara,  291— Blister-beetle  larv», 
292— Their  character  and  locust  egg-feeding  habits,  293— History 
of  the  oil-beetle,  294— History  of  Sitar is,  295— History  of  Eornia, 
296— History  of   Epicauta,   207— Macrobasis  and   Eenous,  301  — 
Other    meloid    genera,    302— Soldier-beetle    larvie,   302— Asilid 
larva?,  303— Click-beetle  larva?,  304— Miscellaneous  species,  305— 
Chalcid-fly,  306— Animals  that  prey  on  the  locust  after  it  is  bom, 
306— The    locust-mite,  306— The  efficacy  of  its  work,  308— Its 
transformations,    309-Other    mites,    312,   313— Ground-beetles, 
313— Tiger-beetles,    314— Asilus-flies,    317— Digger-wasps,    317— 
Tachina-flies,    319— Their  efficacy  in  destroying  locusts,   321— 
Flesh-flies,   323— Ichneumon-fli.-s,  324— Hair-worms,  326— Their 
curious  life-history,  327-332— Insects  attacked  by  hair-worms, 
327— How  hair-worms  get  into  locusts,  332— Miscellaneous  locust 
enemies,  334. 
Chapter  XII:  By  C.  Thomas. 

Vertebrate  enemies oo* 

Good  offices  of  birds  probably  underrated,  334— Experience  of  cor- 
respondents, 336— Some  of  the  most  useful  birds,  338— Paper  by 
Professor  Augheyou  the  beneficial  work  of  birds,  338— Enormous 
number  of  birds  destroyed  for  market,  346— Damage  done  to  in- 
sectivorous birds  by  birds  of  prey,  348— The  EngUsh  sparrow, 
349 — What  public  sentiment  needs,  349. 
Chapter  XIII :  By  C.  V.  Riley. 

Remedies  and  devices  for  destruction 350 

Encouragement  of  natural  agencies,  351— Destruction  of  the  eggs, 
351— Harrowing  in  the  autumn,  353— Experiments  to  test  the 
effect  of  alternately  freezing  and  thawing,  353— Experiments  to 
test  the  effects  of  exposure  to  air,  354— Experience  with  harrow- 
ing, 355— Plowing,  356— Experiments  to  test  the  effects  of  bury- 
ing at  different  depths,  3.>6— Experience  in  plowing,  35-^— Irriga- 
tion, 359— Experimenta  to  test  the  effects  of  moiatoro  on  the 
13  EWT-™15 


226  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC   ENTOMOLOGY. 

lGi3.  Riley,  C.  V.— Continued. 

Chapter  XIII— Coutmued. 

eggs,  o59 — Tramping,  361 — Collecting,  361 — Destruction  of  the 
young  or  uuliedged  locusts,  362 — Burning,  363 — TJte  burning  of 
prairies,  363 — The  Hetzel  burning  machine,  363 — The  Horner 
burning  contrivance,  363 — Hand  burners,  364 — The  Atwood  ma- 
chine, 364 — Use  of  wire  and  kerosene,  364 — Crushing,  364 — The 
,  Drum   locust-crusher,  365 — The   Simpson   locust-crusher,  366 — 

The   Hoos  locust-crusher,   367 — The   Hansberry   locust-crusher, 
368 — The  Kenworthy  locust  machine,  370 — J.  C.  Melcher's  ma- 
chine, 371 — The  Peteler  machine,  371 — The  King  suction-machine, 
374 — The  Flory  locust-machine,  376 — Trapping  locusts,  377 — Nets 
and  seines,  377 — Ditching   and   trenching,    378— Protection   by 
barriers,   381— Coal-oil,    381— Coal-oil  pans,    383— The   Canfield 
pau,  384 — The  Adams  pan,  385 — The  Anderson  coal-oil  contri- 
vance, 386 — Mr.   Long's   contrivance,  386 — Mr.   Watrous's  con- 
trivance, 387 — Mr.  Swearingen's  contrivance,  387 — Use  of  coal- 
tar,  387 — The  Bobbins  pan,  388,  390 — Use  of  coal-tar  previous 
to  1877,  388 — Other  machines  for  the  use  of  coal-tar,  391 — Catch- 
ing aiul  bagging,  391 — Principles  and  facts  to  be  borne  iu  mind 
in  catching  locusts,  391 — The  Riley  machine,  392 — Mr.  Thomp- 
son's   net,   392— The    Elliot    catcher,    394— The    Wilson-Rhode 
catcher,  395 — Contrivance  for  catching  the  pupa3,  394 — The  God- 
ard  catcher,  395 — The  Benson  catcher,  396 — The  Hutchins  catcher, 
396— The  Sylvester  catcher,  397— The  Hero 'hopper-catcher,  398— 
The  Belt  device,  398 — Hand-nets,  399 — Use  of  destructive  agents, 
399 — Buhachor  Persian  insect-powder,  400 — Veith's  insect-fluid, 
400 — Sulpho-carbouate   of  potassium,    401 — Naphthaline,   401 — 
Paris  green,  401 — The  protection  of  fruit  trees,  403 — Destruction 
of  the  winged  insects,  404 — Fumigation,  405 — The  effect  of  con- 
cussion,   405 — Diversified   agriculture,    406 — Legislation,    407 — 
Bounty  laws,  409 — Missouri  locust  act,  409 — Kansas  locust  acts, 
410— Minnesota  locust  acts,  412 — Nebraska  locust  act,  413 — Sug- 
gestions that  may  be  of  service,  414 — More  attention  needed  to 
the  growth  of  root-crops,  415 — The  benefits  of  irrigation,  415 — 
Hogs  and  poultry,  415— Non-planting,  415 — Use  of  soldiers,  416 — 
Preventive  measures  against  the  winged  insects,  417 — Further 
investigation   needed,    417— Means   that    have    been  suggested 
against  the  winged  insects,  418— Systematic  burning  of  young, 
418— Co-operation  with  Dominion  Government,  419— Protection 
by  smoke,  419— Farmers  should  receive  the  locust  probabilities, 
420. 
Chapter  XIV  :   By  C.  V.  Riley. 

Influence  of  prairie  fires  on  locust  increase 421 

Reasons  given  why  prairie  fires  do  not  influence  locust  increase, 
421 — Possible  indirect  connection  in  the  past,  422. 
Chapter  XV  :   By  C.  V.  Riley. 

Influence  of  weather  on  the  species 423 

Meteorological  conditions  affecting  the  life  of  the  locust,  423— 
Effects  of  weather  on  the  young  locusts,  424— Effects  of  weather 
on  the  eggs,  424— Possibility  of  predicting  consequences  upon 
meteorological  grounds,  424— The  temperature  of  the  soil,  425— 
Thermal  constant  for  the  hatching  of  locust  eggs,  426— Number 
of  hours  which  eggs  must  be  exposed  to  hatch  at  a  temperature 
of  60°  F.,  431— Number  of  hours  required  in  1875. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  227 

1643.  KiLEY,  C.  v.— Continued. 

CUAPTEK  XVI :   By  C.  V.  Riley. 

Effects  that  generally  follow  severe  locast  injury 432 

Contrast  between  summer  and  autumn,  432 — No  evil  without  some 
compensating  good,  4133— Changes  that  follow  the  locusts,  433— 
Sudden  appearance  of  plants  and  insects  not  ordinarily  noticed, 
434 — The  white-lined  morning  Sphinx,  435 — Tame  grasses  per- 
manently injured,  wild  grasses  not,  435— Permanent  effects  on 
different  plants,  436 — Injury  to  fruit  trees,  43G. 
Chapter  XVII:   By  A.  S.  Pachard,  jr. 

Uses  to  which  locusts  may  be  put 437 

Locusts  as  food  for  man,  438-441— As  fish-bait,  441— Analysis  of 
locust-juices,  44"2— They  furnish  a  large  quantity  of  formic  acid 
and  a  new  oil,  442-443 — Lpcusts  as  manure  and  as  poultry  food, 
443. 
Chapter  XVIII:   By  C.  V.  Riley. 

Ravages  of  other  locusts  in  the  United  States 443 

Ravages  of  locusts  that  are  occasionally  migratory  in  the  Atlantic 
States,  443 — Great  destruction  in  past  years  in  New  England, 
444 — The  most  common  species  concerned  in  this  work,  446 — 
Locust  flights  in  Illinois,  446 — The  species  composing  them,  447 — 
The  phenomenon  exceptional,  447 — Locusts  ordinarily  non-migra- 
tory, occasionally  become  so  under  favoring  conditions,  448 — 
Locust  flights  in  Ohio,  449 — Importance  of  discriminating  be- 
tween species,  450 — Geographical  limits  of  species,  450 — The  mi- 
gratory locusts  of  the  Pacific,  451 — Chronological  account  of 
their  ravages,  451 — Species  concerned,  4.52 — Late  injuries  in 
southern  California,  454 — Tabular  view  of  locust  years,  456 — In- 
jury from  other  non-migratory  locusts,  456 — The  species  con- 
cerned, 459. 
06APTER  XIX:  By  A.  S.  Pachard,  jr. 

Ravages  of  locusts  in  other  countries 460 

Locust  injuries  in  Central  America,  460 — Great  destruction  in 
Honduras  and  Guatemala,  462 — The  locusts  in  South  America, 
465 — The  locusts  in  the  Old  World,  467 — Injuries  in  Germany, 
468 — Habits  of  the  Eurojjean  species,  469 — Injuries  in  Russia, 
470 — Different  species  affecting  the  Old  World,  471 — Geographical 
distribution  of  the  European  migratory  locust,  472-476 — Notes 
on  Algerian  locusts,  476 — Injury  in  China,  477 — In  southern  Aus- 
tralia, 477. 

appendices. 
Appexdix  I: 
Mr.  Allen  Whitman's  report  from  Minnesota [3] 

State  of  things  in  spring,  [4] — Exertions  of  farmers,  [4] — Different 
rieans  employed  to  destroy  the  eggs,  [4]  —Effects  of  temperature 
and  rain-fall  on  the  eggs,  [5] — Dates  of  hatching,  [6] — Late 
hatching,  [7] — Progress  during  spring,  [8] — First  winged,  [10] — 
Statistics  of  damage,  [11]. 
Appendix  II: 

Aughey  on  locust-feeding  birds [13] 

Letter  of  transmittal,  [13] — Examinations  of  the  contents  of  the 
stomachs  of  birds  of  Nebraska,  giving  the  number  of  locusts, 
number  of  other  insects,  and  number  of  seeds  of  the  different 
birds  considered  in  their  proper  claasificatory  position,  [14]-[62]. 


228  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1643.  EiLEY,  C,  v.— Continued. 
Appendix  III: 

Texas  data  for  1877 [63] 

Report  of  Jacob  Boll,  special  assistant,  r62'| — Reports  from  corre- 
spondents and  other  miscellaneous  reports,  chronologically  ar- 
ranged, [64H82]. 

Appendix  IV : 

.    Missouri  data  for  1877 [83] 

Reports  from  correspondents,  and  other  data,  chronologically  ar- 
ranged, [83]. 

Appendix  V : 

Kansas  data  for  1877 [85] 

Report  by  George  F.  Gaumer,  special  assistant,  [85] — Report  by  A. 
N.  Godfrey,  special  assistant,  [88] — Reports  from  correspondents 
and  miscellaneous  matter,  chronologically  arranged,  [90]-[103]. 

Appendix  VI: 

Iowa  data  for  1877 [104] 

Detailed  data  from  correspondents,  and  from  other  sources,  chrono- 
logically arranged,  [104]-[110]. 

Appendix  VII: 

Colorado  data  for  1877 [Ill] 

Report  from  William  Holly,  special  assistant,  [111] — Data  from 
correspondents  and  from  other  sources,  [113]-[116]. 
Appendix  VIII: 

Nebraska  data  for  1877 [116] 

Journal  kept  by  Prof.  Samuel  Aughey,  special  assistant,  [117]- 

[128] — Miscellaneous  data  from  correspondents,  chronologically 

arranged,  [128]-[132] — Record  kept  by  Hon.  J.  Sterling  Morton, 

[132]. 

Appendix  IX :  • 

Narrative  of  the  first  journey  made  in  the  summer  of  1877,  by  Mr. 

Packard [134] 

Diary  notes  through  Kansas,  Colorado,  and  Utah,  [135] — Observa- 
tions in  Montana,  [137] — Results  of  the  journey,  [138]. 
Appendix  X : 
Narrative  of  a  second  journey  in  the  summer  of  1877,  by  Mr.  Packard.  [139] 
From  Chicago  to  Utah,  [139] — Observations  in  Oregon  and  "Wash- 
ington Territory,  [140] — From  Vancouver  Island  to  California, 
[141] — Variations  in  Caloptenus  spretus,  atlanis,  and  femiir-rubrum, 
[143]. 
Appendix  XI: 

British- American  data [145] 

Characteristics  and  prevailing  vrinds  of  Manitoba,  [145] — Data 
from  the  Cypress  Hills  region,  [146] — The  locust  breeds  perma- 
nently in  the  third  prairie  steppe,  [146] — No  damage  ever  done 
in  the  Peace  River  country,  [146] — Ravages  in  the  Northwest  in 
the  early  part  of  the  century,  [147] — Records  by  the  Hon.  Don- 
ald Gunn,  [148]. 
Appendix  XII: 

Autumn  flights  in  1877 [150] 

Southward  movements  in  Minnesota  and  Iowa,  [150] — In  Nebraska 
and  Missouri,  [151]— In  Arkansas  and  Kansas,  [1581— i-Iu  Colo- 
rado and  Texas,  [155]. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  229 

1643.  Riley,  C.  V.— Continued. 
Appendix  XIII : 

Flights  and  migrations  in  1877 [156] 

Locust  movemoiits  in  the  more  southern  portion  of  the  temporary 
region,  [156]-[l(i4] — Flights  in  the  more  northern  parts  of  the 
locust  country,  [164]-[197]. 
Appendix  XIV: 
Answers  to  the  question:  Did  any  locusts  remain  in  the  temporary 

region  after  the  departure  of  the  return  swarms? !.  [198] 

Answers  from  Arkansas,  Colorado,  and  Iowa,  [19b] — Answers  from 
Kansas,  [199] — Answers  from  Missouri,  [200] — Answers  from  Min- 
nesota, Nebraska,  and  Texas,  [201]. 
Appendix  XV  : 

Prevailing  direction  in  which  the  young  insects  travel [202] 

Movements  of  young  in  Iowa  and  Nebraska,  [202] — Movements  in 
Dakota,  Minnesota,  and  elsewhere,  [203]. 
Appendix  XVI : 

Time  of  year  when  the  bulk  of  the  insects  become  winged [205] 

Data  from  various  States  and  Territories,  [205]-[206]. 
Appendix  XVII: 

Habits  of  the  insects  at  night [207] 

Nocturnal  habits  of  locusts  in  Iowa,  Dakota,  and  Nebraska,  [207] — 
In  Minnesota  and  elsewhere,  [208]-[210]. 
Appendix  XVIII: 

Facts  relating  to  the  eggs [211] 

Data  as  to  time  of  hatching  of  eggs,  proportion  destroyed,  causes  of 
destruction,  etc.,  in  Colorado  and  Dakota,  [211] — In  Iowa  and 
Kansas,  [212] — In  Minnesota,  [213] — lu  Missouri  and  Nebraska, 
[216] -In  Texas  and  Utah,  [217]. 
Appendix  XIX: 

Means  of  destruction [218] 

Means  employed  in  Dakota  and  Nebraska,  [218] — In  Iowa,  [219] — 
In  Minnesota,  [220]— Elsewhere,  [221]. 
Appendix  XX : 

Iijjury  :  crops  atfected [222] 

Injury  in  the  different  States  and  Territories,  [222]-[225]. 
Appendix  XXI : 

Previous  visitations — Aid  of  animals - [226] 

Data  from  Nebraska  and  Iowa,  [226] — From  Minnesota,  [227] — 
From  Dakota,  [229]. 
Appendix  XXII : 

Miunesota  data '. [230] 

Early  injury  in  Minnesota,  [230]— Data  for  1877,  [231]-[235]. 

Appendix  XXIII : 
Are  the  eggs  ever  laid  thickly  for  two  consecutive  years  in  the  same 

ground? [236] 

Answers  to  the  above  question  from  Arkansas,  C<»lorado,  and  Iowa, 
[236]— From  Kansas,  ("237]— From  Missouri,  [23d]— From  Minne- 
sota, Nebraska,  and  Texas,  [239]. 
Appendix  XXIV : 

Miscellaneous  data [240] 

From  Minnesota  and  Nebraska,  [240] — From  Iowa,  [241] — From 
Dakota,  [242]. 


230  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1643.  EiLEY,  C.  v.— Continued. 

Appendix  XXV : 

Data  from  Dakota,  Montana,  Utah,  and  New  Mexico [243] 

From    Dakota,   [243]-[247]— From    Montana,    248— From    Utah, 
[253]— From  New  Mexico^  [2.59]. 
Appendix  XXVI : 

List  of  correspondents [261] 

In  Arkansas,  British  America,  and  California,  [261] — In  Colorado 
and  Dakota,  [262] — In  Idaho  and  Iowa,  [263] — In  Kansas,  [264] — 
In  Minnesota,  [265] — In  Missouri,  [267] — In  Montana,  [269] — 
In  Nebraska,  Nevada,  and  New  Mexico,  [270] — In  Texas,  Utah, 
and  Washington  Territory,  [271] — In  Wyoming,  [272]. 
Appendix  XXVII : 

Bibliography  on  the  locusts  of  America.     By  B.  P.  Mann [273] 

Index [281] 

Errata , [295] 

1644.  BiLEY,  C.  V.    Attractive  but  untrue.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  31  July, 

1878.     S.-b.  No.  19,  p.  198. 
Absurdity  of  statement  that  "  a  parasite  of  the  strawberry  plant  has  been 
found  to  wage  a  war  of  extermination  against  the  Phylloxera." 

1645.  EiLEY,  C.  Y.    Locusts  eat  the  castor  bean.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  14 

August,  1878.     S.-b.  No.  19,  pp.  198,  227-228. 
Acridida'  relish  Fagopyrum  and  Linum  but  eat  Bicinus  communis  with  reluct- 
ance, though  with  impunity. 

1646.  [KiLEY,  C.  v.]    The  stalk-borer.     <N.  Y.  Weekly  Tribune,  21 

August,  1878,  V.  37.     S.-b.  No.  19,  pp.  227;  242-243;  244. 
Description,  food-plants,  and  habits  of  larva  and  description  of  imago  of 
Gortyna  nitela;   G.  nebris  a  variety  of  G.  nitela. 

1647.  Riley,  C.  V.    That  hundred  and  fifty  million  dollars.     <Sci. 

Ainer.,  24  August,  1878  [v.  53],  n.  s.,  v.  39,  p.  117.  S.-b.  No. 
19,  p.  245. 

Critical  review  of  sensational  reports  in  current  agricultural  papers ;  an  ap- 
propriation of  $5,000  made  to  the  IT.  S.  Department  of  Agriculture  for  cot- 
ton insect  investigation. 

1648.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    Silk- worm  breeding.    <Sci.  Amer.,  24  August,  1878 

[v.  53],  n.  s.,  V.  39,  p.  119.     S.  b.  No.  19,  p.  244. 
Number  of  annual  generations  of  Sericaria  mori ;  inferiority  of  races  breeding 
more  than  once  annually. 

1649.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    Cotton- worm.    < Daily  Constitution  [Atlanta,  Ga.], 

8  September,  1878,  v.  11,  No.  73,  p.  1. 

Aletia  argillacea  l=xylina]  feeds  from  the  extra-floral  nectar-glands  of  the 
cotton-plant. 

1650.  Riley,  C.  V.    That "  fatherless  and  motherless  race."    The  bas- 

ket-worm, alias  drop-worm,  alias  bag-worm,  Thyridopteryx 
ephemerwformis.  <Sci.  Amer.  Suppl.,  28  September,  1878, 
tig.     S.-b.  No.  19,  pp.  245-246. 

Critical  review  of  W.  H.  Gibson's  article  extracts  from  author's  "The  bag- 
worm,"  with  additions;  degradation  and  breeding  habits  of  female  Psi/- 
chidm ;  method  of  imagination,  fecundation,  and  oviposition  of  Thyridop- 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OK    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  231 

1650.  Riley,  C.  V— Continued. 

tenjx  ephemcra'formix  ;  doscriptioM  of  og<^H  and  figures  of  all  other  stages; 
down  in  which  tin-  eggs  are  enveloped  is  extruded  from  the  abdomen  with 
the  eggs;  food-jjlants,  parasites,  and  means  against  the  species;  its  folli- 
cles available  for  silk  production ;  this  species  proterogynous  but  most  in- 
sects proterandrous. 

1651.  Riley,  C.  V.    Notes  on  the  life-history  of  the  blister-beetles,  and 

on  the  structure  and  development  of  Hornia.  <Kan8as  City 
Review  of  Science  and  Industry,  September,  1878,  vol.  2,  No. 
6,  p.  353.  S.-b.  No.  19,  p.  209.  Reprint :  <Proc.  Amer.  Assoc. 
Adv.  Sci.  for  1878  [14  July],  1879,  v.  27,  pp.  284-285.  See: 
<Ca.  Eut.  September  [October],  1878,  v.  10,  pp.  177-178. 

Occurrence  in  Epicauta  and  Macrobasis  of  the  hypermetanjorphoses  character- 
istic of  Meloidw ;  specification  of  the  stages  of  the  same;  summary  of  the 
life-history  of  Hornia  viinutipennis  parasitic  on  AntJwphora  ahrupta. 

1652.  RiLEY%  C.  V.     On  the  larval  characteristics  of  Corydnlus  and 

Chauliodes,  and  on  the  development  of  Corydalus  cornutus. 
<Kansas  City  Review  of  Science  and  Industry,  September, 
1878,  V.  2,  No.  6,  p.  354.  S.-b.  No.  19,  pp.  210-211.  Reprint: 
<Ca.  Ent.,  May,  1879,  v.  11,  pp.  9G-98.  <Proc.  Amer.  Assoc. 
Adv.  Sci.  for  1878,  [14  July],  1879,  v.  27,  pp.  285-287.  See: 
<Ca.  Ent.,  September  [October],  1878,  v.  10,  p.  178. 
Characters  and  economic  value  of  larva  of  Corjidahis  cornutus ;  characters  in 
brief  of  the  imago;  characters  of  larva  of  Chauliodes;  description  of  eggs 
of  both  genera ;  situation  of  egg-masses  of  Corydalus  and  physical  character 
of  their  covering;  description  of  respiratory  apparatus  and  method  of  res- 
piration of  larvse  of  Corydalus. 

1653.  Riley,  C.  V.     Biological  notes  on  the  gfall-making  Pemphigince. 

<  Kansas  City  Review  of  Science  and  Industry,  Sei)tember, 
1878,  V.  2,  No.  6,  p.  380.  S.-b.  No.  19,  pp.  211-212:  212.  Re- 
print: <Proc.  Amer.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.  for  1878,  [14  July],  1879, 
V.  27,  pp.  288-289.  Abstract:  <Nature,  28  November,  1878,  v. 
19,  p.  75.  Extract:  <Sci.  Amer.,  26  October,  1878  [v.  53J,  n. 
8.,  V.  39,  p.  266.    S.-b.  No.  19,  p.  244. 

Method  of  hibernation  of  gall-making  Pemphigino'  on  Ulmus. 
Note.— Nos.  1651-1653  and  1668—1669  were  reprinted  from  Proc.  Amer.  Assoc. 
Adv.  Sci.,  V.  27,  under  a  separate  cover.     Salem,  February,  187'J. 

1654.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     The  cotton  wood  killer.     <N.  Y.  Weekly  Tribune, 

9  October,  1878.     S.-b.  No.  19,  p.  242.     Extract:  <Amer.  Ent., 
July,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  159-160. 
Habits,  ravages,  and  food-plants  of  Lina  scripta;  description  of  and  means 
against  the  same;   Trypela pomonella  an  exaimjle  of  the  acquisition  of  new 
habits  in  insects. 

1655.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    A  new  insect  foe  to  green  corn.     <N.  Y.  Tribune, 

9  October,  1878.     S.-b.  No.  19,  pp.  234;,244. 

Ravages  of  Cetonia  [  —  Euphoria'^  inda. 

1656.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Inquiring  friends.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  9  October, 

1878.     S.-b.  No.  19,  p.  245. 
Ravages  and  food-plants  of  Uyhsinus  opaculus;  impracticability  of  means 
against  bark-borers  in  large  trees. 


232  BIBLIOGRAPHY   OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1657.  EiLEY,  C.  V.     Notes  from  the  South.    Facts  about  the  cotton- 

worm.  <Sci.  Amer.,  16  November,  1878  [v,  53],  n.  s.,  v.  39,  pp. 
312-313.  S.-b.  No.  19,  pp.  213-214;  239-241.  See:  <Amer. 
Kural  Home,  27  September,  1878.     S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  128. 

Note  of  a  trip  in  tlie  southern  United  States  in  1878 ;  commission  to  inves- 
tigate insects  injurious  to  the  cotton-plant;  food-plants  and  habits  of  the 
larva  and  imago  of  Aletia  argillacea  \^  =  xylina'\;  use  of  poisonous  baits  and 
of  Paris  green  ;  Anomis  exacta  injurious  in  certain  regions. 

1658.  EiLEY,  C.  V.     Some  further  facts  regarding  that  "fatherless 

race."  <Sci.  Amer.  Suppl.,  30  November,  1878.  S.-b.  No.  19, 
pp.  238-239. 
Description  and  iigures  of  male  copulatory  organs  of  Tliyridopteryx  ephemerw- 
farmis ;  description  of  method  of  copulation ;  figures  larva,  pupa,  imagos, 
and  follicles  of  the  same;  "parthenogenesis,  though  not  improbable,  sel- 
dom takes  place  in  this  species ; "  nature  of  the  down  intermingled  with 
the  eggs ;  previous  error  concerning  this  down. 

1659.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    "The  carpet  bug."    <N.  Y.  Tribune,  1  December, 

1878.     S.-b.  No.  19,  p.  236. 

Ravages  of  and  means  against  Anthrenus  scrophiilariw ;  figures  larva,  pupa 
and  imago. 

1660.  [EiLEY,  C.  v.]     A  bug  that  eats  bees.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  4  De- 

cember, 1878.  S.-b.  No.  19,  p.  237.  Reprint:  <Prairie  Farmer, 
4  January,  1879,  v.  50,  p.  3.     S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  110. 

Description  and  habits  of  Phymata  erosa. 

1661.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Tomato  worm.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  4  December, 

1878.     S.-b;  No.  19,  p.  i:37. 

Excessive  abundance  of  larva  of  Sphinx  quinquemaculata  [^  Protoparce  celeus"] 
near  Port  Hope,  Ontario,  in  1878. 

1662.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Worm  snake.     <N.   Y.  Tribune,  4  December, 

1878.     S.-b.  No.  19,  p.  237. 
Habits  and  abode  of  larv£e  of  Sciara  sp.  at  Orange,  Conn. 

1663.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Carpet  pests.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  4  December, 

1878.     S.-b.  No.  19,  p.  237. 
Food  habits,  spread  of,  and  means  against  Anthrenus  acrophularice. 

1664.  Rlley,  C.  V.    Corn  worm.    <N.  Y.  Tribune,  4  December,  1878. 

S.-b.  No.  19,  pp.  235 ;  237. 
Food-plants  and  means  against  HeUothis  armigera. 

1665.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Hessian-fly.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  4  December,  1878. 

S.-b.  No.  19,  pp.  235;  237. 
Indications  of  the  ravages  of  and  food-plants  of  Cecidomyia  destructor. 

1666.  [Riley,  C.  v.]    Apple-worm.    <N.  Y.  Tribune,  4  December,  1878. 

S.-b.  No.  19,  pp.  235 ;  237. 
Baldwin  apples  more  lesempt  than  other  varieties  from  the  attacks  of  the 
second  brood  of  Carpocapsa  povionella. 

1667.  Riley,  C.V.   Anent  the  English  sparrow.   <  Evening  Star  [Wash- 

ington, D.  C],  28  December,  1878,  v.  52,  No.  8030,  p.  1.     S.-b. 
No.  19,  pp.  214-215;  No.  23,  p.  151. 
Value  of  Passer  domesticus  as  a  destroyer  of  insects  and  in  other  respects ; 
objections  to  the  special  protection  of  the  same. 


BlBLIOaRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  233 

1668.  Riley,  C  V.     Silk-culture  ;  a  new  source  of  wealth  to  the  United 

States.  <Kaiisas  City  Review  of  Science  and  Industry,  1878, 
V.  2,  pp.  419-423.  S.-i).  ^o.  19,  pp.  21G-218.  Keprint:  <Proc. 
Amer.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.  for  1878,  [14  July],  1879,  v.  27,  pp.  277- 
283.  Extract :  <Kansas  Farmer,  1879 :  2G  February,  12  No- 
vember. S.-b.  No.  23,  pp.  105-lOG ;  No.  39,  pp.  91-92.  See: 
<Ca.  Ent,  September  [October],  1878,  v.  10,  p.  178.  <St. 
Louis  Globe-Democrat,  28  August,  1878.  S.-b.  No,  19,  p.  203. 
Practicability  and  desirability  of  the  extensive  establishment  of  silk-culture 
in  the  United  States  ;  sketch  of  eflforts  made  towards  such  establishment; 
requisites  to  its  success. 

1669.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  philosophy  of  the  movements  of  the  Rocky 

Mouutain  locust.  <Kausas  City  Review  of  Science  and  Indus- 
try, 1878,  V.  2,  pp.  424-427.  S.-b.  No.  19,  pp.  218-220.  Reprint: 
<Proc.  Amer.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.  for  1878,  14  July,  1879,  v.  27, 
pp.  271-277.  See :  <St.  Louis  Daily  Globe-Democrat,  24  Au- 
gust, 1878,  V.  4,  No.  95. 
Limits  of  breeding-grounds  of  and  region  invaded  by  Calopteniis  spretua; 
causes,  periods,  and  directions  of  flights  of  the  same  ;  causes  of  the  limita- 
tion of  the  flights;  ravages;  generalizations  regarding  locust  invasions; 
work  of  the  U.  S.  Entomological  Commission. 

1670.  Riley,  C.  V.    A  complete  life-history  of  the  army- worm,  Leu- 

cania  unipuncta^  and  its  parasites.  <25th  Ann.  Rept.  Seer. 
Mass.  Board  Agric.  for  1877, 1878,  pp.  243-253,  figs. 
Early  history,  synonymy,  distribution,  seasons,  enemies,  and  parasites  of 
Leucania  unipuncta ;  habits  of  larvae  and  of  female  imagos;  descriptions  of 
all  stages;  figures  of  all  stages  except  the  egg;  figures  of  two  unnamed 
parasitic  Ichneumons.  Parasitic  habits  of  Exorista  [=  Xemor(sa'\  leucaniw, 
E.  flacicauda,  Microgaster  l=Apavteles']  militaris,  Pezomachus  viinimus,  aud 
Ophion  purgatus ;  descriptions  of  Microgaster  [=:J.]  vulitaris,  Mesochorua 
vitreus,  and  Ophion  purgatum.     Ichneumon  leucaniw  also  a  parasite. 

1671.  Riley,  C.V.    Phylloxera.     <Jolinson's  New  Universal  Cyclopfe- 

dia,  1878,  v.  3,  pp.  1241-1243,  8  figs.  S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  192-194. 
Definition  of  the  genus  PhyUoxera;  list  of  the  sixteen  (16)  described  United 
States  species;  descriptions  of  their  galls;  distribution,  history,  descrip- 
tion, and  figures  of  various  stages  and  ravages  of  aud  means  against  PhyU 
loxera  castatrix. 

1672.  Riley,  C.  V.    Potato-bug.     < Johnson's  New  Universal  CyclopsB- 

dia,  1878,  v.  3,  pp.  13G1-13G4,  9  figs.     S.-b.  No.  10,  pp.  195-198. 

List  of  principal  enemies  of  potato-plant ;  spread,  natural  history,  food-plants, 
enemies  of,  and  means  against  Dorxjphora  decemlincata;  figures  of  the  same 
in  its  diflfereut  stages,  and  of  Lydella  [=  Exorixta'\  dori/phora;  Calosoma  cali- 
dum,  Ilippodamia  eonvergens,  Mynia  [=:  Anati'al  I'^-punclata,  Arma  [=  Podi- 
8us]  spinoaua,  Uarpactor  [=  J/t/^as]  cinctua,  Perillus  circumcinctua,  and  Dory- 
phora  juncta. 

1673.  Riley,  C.  V.    Weevil.     <Johnson's  New  Universal  Cyclopaedia, 

1878,  v.  4,  p.  1338,  fig.     S.-b.  No.  14,  p.  4G. 

Definition  of  "  weevil ; "  mention  of  numerous  species,  with  statement  of 
their  food-plants  and  manner  of  obtaining  food;  habits  and  means  against 
Sitophilua  [=  Calandra^  granaria  and  S.  [=  C]  oryz(r. 


234  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1674.  Riley,  C.  V.  The  locust  swarms  that  devastate  the  trans-Mis- 
sissippi country ;  their  source,  movemeuts,  and  eastern  limit. 
<Western  Farmer's  Almauac  for  1879,  1878,  pp.  48-50,  S.-b. 
No.  19,  pp.  247-248. 

Limits  of  the  breeding-grounds  of  and  of  regions  invaded  by  Caloptenus  spre- 
tus;  causes,  periods,  and  directions  of  their  flights;  causes  of  the  limita- 
tions of  the  same  physical  and  principally  atmospheric;  amount  of  rav- 

■   ages. 

1C75.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Prof.  Riley  in  favor  of  the  birds.     <Evening  Star 
[Washington,  D.  C],  9  January,  1879,  v.  53,  No.  8039,  p.  3. 
S.  b.  No.  19,  pp.  223-224;  No.  23,  p.  94. 
From  St.  Louis  [Mo.]  Globe-Democrat.     List  of  some  birds  which  are  bene- 
ficial to  horticulture  and  some  which  are  noxious. 

1676.  Riley,  C.  Y.     Letter  from  Prof.  C.  V.  Riley.     <Colman's  Rural 

World,  15  January,  1879.     S.-b.  No.  23,  pp.  107-108. 
Letter  to  N.  J.  Colman  transmitting  report  as  former  treasurer  of  the  Mis- 
'   souri  State  Horticultural  Society;   transmission  of  documents  for  distribu- 
tion ;  proposal  for  a  revised  and  condensed  edition  of  author's  reports  as  State 
entomologist  of  Missouri. 

1677.  [Riley,  C.  V.J     Michigan  apples  and  codling-moth.    <N.  Y.  Tri- 

bune, 15  January,  1879.     S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  109. 

Freedom  of  apples  from  Carpocapsa pomonelJa  in  1878  in  Michigan  due  to  the 
smalluess  of  the  apple  crop  in  1877  and  to  the  efforts  made  by  the  orchard- 
ists  to  exterminate  the  insects. 

1678.  Riley,  C.  V.     Notes  on  the  ApMdidw  of  the  United  States,  with 

descriptions  of  species  occurring  west  of  the  Mississippi. 
<Bull.  U.  S.  Geol.  and  Geog.  Surv.  Terr.,  28  February,  1879, 
V.  5,  pp.  1-32,  pi.  1-2,  with  2  pp.  expl.  of  pi.  Separate :  <Wash- 
ingtou,  22  January,  1879,  32  pp.,  2  pi.,  with  2  pp.  expl.  of  pi. 
Abstract:  <Sci.  News,  15  April,  1879,  v.  1,  pp.  184-186. 

Part  1,  pp.  1-17,  by  C.  V.  Riley,  entitled  "Biological  notes  on  the  Pemphi- 
gince,  with  descriptions  of  new'species ;  "  history  and  description  of  Schizo- 
neura  americana  n.  sp.  [p.  4],  Colopha  ulmicola,  Pemphigus  populi-monilis 
n.  sp.  [p.  13],  P.  pojndi-lransversns  n.  sp.  [p.  15],  P.  p.-ramulorum  n.  s]).  [p. 
16],  P.  acerifolii  n.  sp.  [p.  16],  P.  fraxmifolii  u.  sp.  [p.  17],  and  Hormaphia 
spinosus. 

Part  2,  pp.  18-3-2,  by  J.  Monell,  entitled  "Notes  on  ApMdinw,  with  descrip- 
tions of  new  species."  Describes  nine  (9)  new  species  of  Siplionophora,  five 
(o)  of  Aphis,  two  (2)  of  Bhopalosipthum,  nine  (9)  of  CalUpterus,  three  (3)  of 
Chaitophorus  ;  description  of  other  species  of  these  genera  and  of  Drepanosi- 
phinn  and  the  genera  above  named  ;  synoptic  tables  of  some  of  the  species. 

1679.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     [Plant-lice  on  potatoes.]     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  12 

February,  1879.     S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  109. 

Aphididm  reputed  injurious  to  potato  plants,  probably  Apliia  solani. 

1680.  Riley,  C.  V.    Missouri  entomological  reports.     <rolman's  Rural 

World,  19  February,  1879.     S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  102. 

Proposal  for  republication  of  the  reports  of  the  State  entomologist  of  Mis- 
souri;  reasons  for  the  non-publication  of  a  tenth  report;  sketch  of  what 
that  report  would  have  contained. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  235 

1681.  Riley,  C.V.    Entomological  notes.    The  chinch-bug.    <Farmer^s 

Review.     February,  1879,  li  tigs.     S.-b.  No.  23,  pp.  111-112. 
Figures  of  all  stages,  ravages,  uatural  history,  aud  means  agaiust  Jilissus 
leucopterua  ;  its  metbocl  of  liibeniatiou,  and  the  effect  of  weather  upon  it. 

1682.  RiLEY,   C.   V.     Notes    ou   the   api>Ie-worm.     <Cohnan's   Rural 

Worhl,  5  March,  1879.    S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  102.    Reprint  with  slight 
changes:  <Amer.  Nat.,  August  [July],  1879,  v.  13,  pp.  523- 
524.     <Auu.  Rept.  [U.  S.]  Commissioner  Agric.  for  1878,  22 
November,  1879,  pp.  238-239. 
See  No.  1721  for  syuopsis  of  contents. 

1683.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  rice-weevil.     Serious  injury  to  stored  and  to 

cribbed  corn.  <Farmer's  Review,  March,  1879,  fig.  S.-b.  No. 
23,  p.  99  ;  112. 

Figures  larva,  pupa,  and  imago  of  Calandra  oryzo'  and  imago  of  C.  granaria  ; 
habits,  ravages,  aiul  means  against  the  same ;  description  of  egg  and 
method  of  oviposition  of  C.  oryza;',  use  of  carbon  bisulphide  against  these 
inserts;  poisonous  effects  of  eating  the  comminuted  beetles. 

1684.  Riley,  G.  V.    [Letter  to  W.  G.  Le  Due]     <Boston  Daily  Herald, 

4  April,  1879.  <Psyche  Advertiser,  11  April,  1879,  v.  2,  p.  9. 
<^Ent.  Nach.,  1  July,  1879,  jahrg.  5,  p.  177. 

The  reason  for  which  the  author  resigned  as  entomologist  of  the  U.  S.  De- 
partment of  Agriculture  was  not  ill-health. 

1685.  RiLEY,  G.  V.     Preventing  rot  in  plums.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  9  April, 

1879.     S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  110;  129. 
Trapping  and  jarring  recommended  as  a  means  against  Conotrachehm  nenu- 
phar. 

1686.  [Riley,  G.  V.]     A  new  insect  pest.     <Golorado  Farmer,  10  April, 

1879,  V.  12,  No.  15,  p.  C.     S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  108. 
Injury  to  orchards  and  ornamental  trees  in  California  by  Dorthesia  [chara- 
cjasf],  introduced  from  Australia;  ravages  of  D.  characian  in  southern 
Africa;  prospective  ravages  in  California;  means  agaiiist  it. 

1687.  Kiley,  G.  V.    The  nervous  system  and  salivary  glands  of  Phyl 

loxera.     <Psyche,  11  April*,  1879,  v.  2,  pp.  225-226. 

Correctness  of  E.  L.  Mark's  conclusion  that  the  author  liad  mistaken  nerve 
cords  for  trachesp;  dissent  from  M.  Cornu's  view  that  the  root  swellings 
caused  by  PhyUorera  are  due  to  mechanical  action  of  the  puncture  and 
the  subsequent  absorption  of  liquids;  swelling  considered  to  be  caused  by 
the  introduction  of  a  salivary  secretion. 

1688.  Riley,  G.  V.    Mr.  Henderson's  experiments.     <Gardener's  Mo. 

and  Hortic,  April,  1879,  v.  21,  pp.  120-121.  S.-b.  No.  23,  p. 
107. 

Review  of  P.  Henderson's  "  Carnivorous  plants  ;  "  believes  that  Dioun-a  and 
Droaera  are  nouri.shed  by  the  in.sects  digested  by  their  leaves. 

1689.  Riley,  G.  V.     The  migrations  and  hibernation  of  Aletia  argilla- 

cea.  <Washington  [D.  G.J  World,  10  May,  1879.  <Science 
News,  1  June,  1879,  v.  1,  pp.  230-232.  S.-b.  No.  23,  pp.  119- 
120.  <Sci.  Amer.,  14  June,  1879  [v.  54],  n.  s.,  v.  40,  p.  375. 
<Galveston  [Tex.]  Daily  News,  24  October,  1879,  v.  38,  p.  2. 


236  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1689.  EiLEY,  C.  v.— Coutiuued. 

S.-b.  Xo.  23,  pp.  166-167,  No.  42,  pp.  38-39.  Abstract :  < Amer. 
Nat.,  November  [25  October],  1879,  v.  13,  p.  726.  <Farmer's 
Review,  September,  1879.    S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  108. 

Eavages  of  insects,  particularly  of  Aletia  argillaceo.  [=:x^/i«a]  in  the  United 
States;  hibernation  theories ;  author's  belief  in  the  probable  hibernation 
of  the  moth  in  the  southern  parts  of  the  cotton  belt ;  species  mistaken  for 
Aletia;  description  and  food-plants  of  Jspiia  mresceres. 

1690.  Riley,  C.  V.     Insects  affecting  clover.     <N.   Y.  Tribune,  14 

May,  1879.     S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  90;  97;  129. 
Habits,  ravages  of  and  means  against  Hylesinus  trifolii  and  Cecidomyia  legu- 
minicola ;    prior  observations  upon  the  same ;    characters  distinguishing 
C.  legum'micola  from  C.  [=  Diplosis]  tritici  and  C.  destructor. 

1691.  Riley,  C.  V.  [(Ecanthus  nivem.\     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  14  May,  1879. 

S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  95 ;  98. 

Occurrence  of  eggs  of  (Ecanthus  niveus  in  twigs  of  apple,  raspberry,  grape, 
and  other  plants ;  slight  injuries  to  be  expected  from  the  *same  ;  means 
against  them. 

1692.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Insect  powders  and  their  use.     <N.  Y.  Tribune, 

14  May,  1879.     S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  95 ;  96 ;  130-131. 

Abstract  of  W.  Saunders'  "Insect  powder,"  with  additions;  differences  be- 
tween Persian  and  Dalmatian  insect  powder;  methods  of  using  them 
against  insects. 

1693.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    The  grasshopper  prospect.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  14 

May,  1879.     S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  98. 
Prospect  of  injuries  by  Caloptenus  spretus  in  1879;  a  new  species  injurious  in 
the  Sierra  Valley  of  California. 

1694.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  westward  progress  of  the  imported  cabbage- 

worm.  <Amer.  Nat,  June  [20  MayJ,  1879,  v.  13,  p.  393. 
See :  <Colorado  Farmer,  10  Ai^til,  1879.  S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  108. 
< Farmer's  Review,  April,  1879.  S.-b.  No.  22,  p.  64.  <Col- 
man's  Rural  World,  1879.  S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  108.  <Auu.  Rept. 
[U.  S.]  Commissioner  Agric.  for  1878, 22  November,  1879,  p.  239. 

Spread  of  Pieris  rapw  into  Illinois  and  Missouri;  means  against  the  same. 

1695.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Lures  for  moths.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  28  May,  1879. 

S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  95. 

Trapping  Carpocapsa  pomoneUa  in  shallow  dishes  of  sweetened  liquid  more 
harmful  than  beneficial,  as  many  useful  insects  are  destroyed;  the  method 
serviceable  against  Heliothis  armigera. 

1696.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    The  currant-worm.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  11  June, 

1879.     S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  106. 
Description,  habits,  distribution,  and   spread  of  and  means  against  Nematua 
ventricosus  [  =  ?*j6esji]  ;  methods  of  using  hellebore. 

1697.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Sweet-potato  beetle.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  11  June, 

1879.     S.-b.  No.  23,  pp.  106—107;  131. 
Description  of  all  stages,  habits,  food  plants,  and  means  against  Coptooyola 
[  =:  Caaaida^  nigripea. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  237 

1698.  EiLEY,  0.  V.     [The  seventeen  year  Cicada.]     <N.  Y.  Tribune, 

1879.    Reprint :  <Colman's  Rural  World,  25  June,  1879.     S  -b 
No.  23,  p.  152. 
Boundaries  of  the  areas  in  which  Cicada  [=  Tibicen-]  aejyfendecim  ie  expected 
to  occur  in  1879;  request  for  information  of  its  appcarauce. 

1699.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  imported  carpet  beetle,  Anthrenus  scrophu. 

laricc,  L.  <Farmer'8  Review,  1879,  fig.  S.-b.  No.  23,  pp.  J)0- 
98.  Extract :  < Amer.  Ent.,  March,  1880  [v.  3],  ii.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  54. 
Letter  of  J.  H.  Parsons,  with  answer ;  description  of  larva  and  imago  of 
Anthreitm  scrophulari(r;  its  history,  habits,  ravages,  and  means  against 
them  ;  figures  larva,  pupa,  and  imago. 

1700.  [RiLEY,  C.  v.]     The  cheese-skipper.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  2  July, 

1879.    S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  93.    Notice:  <Farmer's  Review,  7  Sep- 
tember, 1879.     S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  103. 
Description  of  larva,  pupa,  and  imago,  habits  and  means  against  PiopMla 


casei. 


1701.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  thick-thighed  walking-stick.     <Sci.  Amer.,  5 

July,  1879  [v.  55],  n.  s.,  v.  41,  pp.  7-8,  fig.     S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  121. 
Reprint,  with  slight  changes:  <Aun.  Rept.  [U.  S.]  Commis- 
sioner Agric.  for  1878,  22  November,  1879,  pp.  241-245,  pi.  3. 
Treats  of  Dlapheromera  femorata.  See  No.  1721  for  synopsis  of  contents. 

1702.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  cotton-worm.      <Mobile   Register,  9  July, 

1879.  S.-b.  No.  QS,  p.  204.  See:  <Colorado  Citizen,  17  July, 
1879.  S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  91.  <Galveston  News,  19  July,  1879. 
S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  93. 

Remarks  at  the  Cotton  Exchange  about  prospective  injuries  from  Aletia  argil- 
laceal—xylina^;  sudden  appearance  and  means  against  the  same;  more 
injurious  in  wet  than  dry  weather. 

1703.  Rlley,  C.  v.    other  insects  affecting  cheese.     <N.  Y.  Tribune, 

9  July,  1879.  S.-b.  No. 23, p. 92.  Reprint:  <Amer.  Dairyman. 
<Western  Rural,  9  August,  1879,  v.  17,  No.  32,  p.  250.  S.-b. 
No.  23,  p.  92. 

Habits  and  transformations  of  Ti/rogh/ph  us  xiro,  Conpietes  [  =  Xecrobia']  rufipes, 
ami  Bermestes  lardarius  ;  tenacity  of  life  of  the  Ti/rogbjplniK  and  assumption 
of  Hijpopns  form  by  the  same ;  anecdote  of  Latreille;  injury  done  in  cheese 
by  Muaca  corvina. 

1704.  RiLEY',C.  V.    FapRtion  of  the  Nymphalidw.    Abstract:  <Psyche, 

11  July,  1879,  V.  2,  pp.  249-251. 

Notice  of  prevalent  explanations  of  the  manner  in  which  suspended  pupa  of 
Lepidoptera  support  themselves  while  shedding  thc^  larval  skin  ;  explana- 
tion of  the  process  in  Vanessa  antiopa  and  I'aphia  ghjcerinm. 

1705.  Riley,  C.  Y.     Fire-flies.     <Sci.  Amer.,  26  July,  1870  fv.  55],  n. 

s.,  V.  41,  p.  49.     S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  104. 

Definition  of  ''  Fire-flies;"  description  of  larva,  pupa,  and  imago  of  Photinus 
pi/ralis;  Photuris  pcnnsylvaniciis,  the  commonest  species  in  the  more  north- 
em  states ;  absence  or  imperfect  development  of  wings  in  certain  female 
Lampyridoe, 


238  BIBLIOGEAPHY    OP    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1706.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    Grape-scale  insect,  new  species.     <Pacific  Rural 

Press,  16  August,  1879.     S.  b.  No.  33,  p.  66. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  editor  of  Press  ;  a  new  coccid,  allied  to  Pulvinaria  vitia. 

1707.  Riley,  C.V.    Dragou-flies.     <Sci.Amer.,23  Augast,1879[v.55], 

n.  s.,  V.  41,  p.  113.     S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  100. 

Description  and  natural  history  of  Libelliilida', 

1708.  Riley,  C.  V.    Failure  of  tea  roses.    Habits  of  Fuller's  rose  beetle, 

Aramignsfulleri  Horn.  <Sci.  Araer.,  30  August,  1879  [v.  55], 
n.  s.,  V.  41,  p.  129,  fig.  S.-b.  No.  23,  pp.  114-116.  Reprint : 
<Gardeuer's  Mo.  and  Hortic,  October,  1879,  v.  21,  pp.  310-31 1, 
fig.  S.-b.  No.  23,  pp.  126-127.  Reprint,  with  additions: 
<Ann.  Rept.  [U.  S.]  Commissioner  Agric.  for  1878,  22  Novem- 
ber, 1879,  pp.  255-257,  pi.  17,  f.  2. 
See  No.  1721  for  synopsis  of  contents. 

1709.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  "  Devil's  darning  needle."     <Sci.  Amer.,  6 

September,  1879  [v.  55],  n.  s.,  v.  41,  p.  148.  S.-b.  No.  23,  p. 
104.  Review:  <Sci.  Amer.,  27  September,  1879  [v.  55],  n.  s., 
V.  41,  p.  194.  S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  103J. 
Diapheromera  femorata  winters  in  the  egg-state;  W.  J.  McGee  confounds  the 
above  with  a  species  of  i?ttna<?'a;  the  term  "Devil's  darning  needle"  mostly 
associated  in  the  popular  mind  with  the  dragon-flies  (Libelhdidw). 

1710.  [Riley,  C.  V.]  The  red-spider  on  roses.     <Sci.  Amer.,  13  Sep- 

tember, 1879  [v.  55],  n.  s.,  v.  41,  p.  161.     S.-b.  No.  23,  pp.  116- 
117. 

Nature,  ravages,  and  means  against  Tetranychus  telarius;  habits  and  trans- 
formations o{  Acarina. 

1711.  Riley,  C.  V.  Philosophy  of  the  pupation  of  butterflies.    <Sci. 

Amer.  Suppl.  No.  193, 13  September,  1879,  p.  3069, 3  figs.  S.-b. 
No.  23,  p.  125.  Reprint :  <ScienceNews,  15  September,  1879,  v.  1, 
pp.  346-350.  Reprint  with  changes :  < Nature,  16  October,  1879, 
v,  20,  pp.  594-595.  <Kosmos,  January,  1880,  bH.  6,  pp.  313- 
318.  <Proc.  Amer.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.  for  1879,  1880,  v.  28,  pp. 
455-463,  figs.  <Separate:  Salem,  Mass.,  July,  1880,  9  pp.,  6 
figs.  <Amer.  Ent.,  July,  1S80  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  162-167, 
figs.  65-70.  Abstract :  <The  Field  Nat.  and  Sci.  Student,  Jan- 
uary, 1883,  pp.  179-180.  S.-b.  No.  42,  p.  1.  <Bull.  Philos.  Soc. 
Wash.,  1879,  v.  3,  pp.  41-43. 
Illustrates  the  prevalent  explanation  of  the  manner  in  which  suspended 
chrysalids  become  attached  to  their  supports;  describes  and  illustrates  the 
more  correct  process;  structure  of  the  terminal  joint  of  the  chrysalis  espe- 
cially in  Vanessa  antiopa,  Terias  sp.,  Danais  archippus,  and  Paphia  ghjcerium. 

1712.  Riley,  C.  V.  Parasites  of  the  cotton- worm.      <Ca.  Ent.,  Septem- 

ber, 1879,  V.  11,  pp.  161-162. 

List  of  parasites  of  A  letia  arffiUacca  [  =  xijlina']  ;  descriptions  of  Triehogramma 
pretiosa  n.  sp.  [p.  161],  Cirraspihis  [=  Tetrastichus']  esurus  n.  sp.  [p.  162], 
and  Tachina  aletiw  n.  sp.  [p.  l(i-i]. 


BIBLIOGKAPIIY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  239 

1713.  KiLEY,  C.  V.  [Insect  injurious  to  junipers.]     <Cii.  Ent.,  Septem- 

ber, 1879,  V.  11,  p.  177. 

Junipers  ou  Lonf;  Lslaiul  injured  by  Dapailia  nitilami. 

1714.  KiLEY,  C.  Y.  The  imported  cabbage-worm  in  the  South.    <Farm- 

er's  Review,  September,  1879.     S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  106. 

Spread  of  Pkrh  rapd-  westward  and  southward;  its  present  distribution; 
southern  limit  of  distribution  of  Doryphora  lO-Hiieata. 

1715.  RiLEY',  C.  V.  The  shedding  of  the  tnacheic  and  double  cocoons. 

<Amer.  Nat.,  October,  1879,  v.  ;3,  p.  G52. 
Review  of  two  notes  by  E.  Potts. 

1716.  RiLEY',  C.  V.  Leaf-galls  on  the  grape-vine.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  1 

October,  1879.  S.-b.  No.  23,  pp.  117;  173.  See:  <Kansa8 
Farmer,  26  November,  1879.  S.b.  No.  26,  p.  9.  <West.  Rural, 
10  December,  1879. 

Habits,  ravages,  reproduction,  and  distribution  of  Phylloxera  vastatrix. 

1717.  Riley,  C.  V.  The  Croton  bug  as  a  library  pest.     <Library  Jour- 

nal, September-October,  1879,  v.  4,  p.  376. 

Letter  to  Weston  Flint ;  ravages  of  and  means  against  Blatta  [= JE'oioftja]  ger- 
manica. 

1718.  Klley,  C.  V.     The  Ailanthus  silk-worm,  Attacus{Sa7)iia)  cynthia. 

<Science  News,  15  October,  1879,  v.  1,  pp.  377-383.  Extract : 
<Amer.  Ent,  March,  ls80  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  56-58,  tig.  16. 
<Farmer's  Review,  8  January,  1880,  v.  4.  S.b.  No.  23,  pp. 
167-168. 
Descri^jtion  of  eggs,  larva?,  and  images  of  Samia  [  =J</acH8]  cynthia;  his- 
tory, food-plants,  acclimation,  and  artiticial  rearing  of  the  same,  and  of 
Samia  l=^Attactis']  ricini ;  dift'erences  between  the  eggs,  larvie.and  cocoons 
of  the  two  species  ;  availability  of  these  and  other  species  for  silk-culture  ; 
superiority  of  Sericaria  mori  for  this'  purpose;  occurrence  of  partheno- 
genesis and  of  retardation  of  development  in  Jloinhi/cidn'. 

1719.  Riley,  C.  V.     the  cotton -worm.     Letter  from  Prof.  C.  V.  Riley 

ou  some  recent  cotton-worm  articles  in  the  News.  <Galveston 
[Tex.  I  Daily  News,  24  October,  1879,  v.  38,  No.  185,  p.  2.  S.-b. 
No.  23,  pp.  164-165.  Reply  :  <lbid.,  31  October,  1879,  No.  191, 
p.  4. 
Critical  review  of  W.  J.  Jones's  "The  cotton  caterpillar,"  and  of  Investi- 
gator's "The  cotton-worm;"  denies  that  Aletia  argiUacca  \^=zxylina'\  hi- 
bernates in  the  i)upa  state;  author  not  interested  in  entomological  dis- 
coveries for  mercenary  ends. 

1720.  RiLEY',  C.  V.     [Spread  of  Pierifi  rapw  into  Alabama.]     <Ca.  Ent., 

October,  1879,  v.  11,  p.  196. 

Pieris  rapw  now  qnite  common  in  Alabama  ;  it  has  reached  Selma  but  not 
Mobile. 

1721.  Riley-,  C.  V.     Report  of  the  entomologist.     <Ann.  Va-pt.  [U.  S.] 

Commissioner  Agric.  for  1878,  22  November,  1870,  i)p.  l,'07-257, 
+  1  p.  expl.  of  pi.,  pis.  1-7.    Separate:  <VVashington,  Octo- 


240  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1721.  Riley,  C.  V.— Continued. 

ber,  1879,  pp.  52  +  1  p.  expl.  of  pi.,  7  pi.  Notice :  <Gardener's 
Mo.  and  Hortic,  November,  1879,  v.  21,  pp.  349-350,  S.-b.  No. 
23,  p.  29. 

Letter  of  submittal 207 

Insects  AFFECTING  THE  COTTOX  PLANT 210 

Report  of  special  investigations  carried  on  in  1878,  210 — Organiza- 
tion and  personnel  of  the  commission  of  inquiry,  21^ — Circular 
letter  of  inquiries,"  210 — Report  of  A.  R.  Grote,  213 — Seasons,  hi- 
bernation, and  migrations  of  Aletia  argillacea  [=  xyli7ia'\,  213 — 
Discovery  of  parasites,  214 — Food-plants  of  the  imago,  214, 
The  silk  worm:  A  brief  manual  of  instructions  for  the  pro- 
duction  OF   SILK 215 

[A  reprint  of  special  report  No.  11.]  Cnlture  of  Sericaria  moriinthe 
United  States,  215 — Profits  of  producing  cocoons,  217 — Profits  of 
reeling,  217 — Profits  in  raising  eggs,  218 — Nature  of  the  silk- 
worm, 218— The  egg,  219— The  larva,  219— The  cocoon,  220— The 
chrysalis,  221 — The  moth,  221 — Enemies  and  diseases,  2il — Mus- 
cardine,  221 — P^brine,  222 —  Other  diseases,  223 — Varieties  or 
races,  223 — Wintering  and  hatching  the  eggs,  224 — Feeding  and 
rearing  the  worms,  225 — Preparation  for  spinning,  228 — Gather- 
ing the  cocoons,  229 — Choking  the  chrysahs,  229 — Egg-laying; 
reproduction,  230 — Reeling,  232 — Food-plants,  235 — Glossary  of 
terms  used,  236. 

The  grape  Phylloxera 237 

Importance  of  American  grape-culture,  237 — Grafting  of  vines, 
237  —  Distribution  of  Phylloxera,  238  —  Hoplessness  of  means 
against,  238. 

Notes  on  the  apple-worm 238 

Causes  of  the  scarcity  of  Carpocapsa  pomonella  in  Michigan,  238 — 
Means  against  the  same,  239. 

The  westward  progress  of  the  imported  cabbage-worm 239 

Spread  of  Pieris  rapw,  239 — Means  against  the  same,  239. 

Chapin's  apple-leaf  sewer,  Phoxopteris  nubeculana  Clem 239 

Habits  and  natural  history,  239 — Its  injury  to  apple-trees,  239 — 
Means  against  it,  239 — Description  of  larva  and  chrysalis,  239 — 
Synonymy,  239. 

The  thick-thighed  walking-stick,  Diapheromera  femorata  Say 241 

Vernacular  names,  241 — Nomenclature,  241 — Characters,  241 — De- 
structive powers,  241 — Habits  and  natural  history,  243 — Its  ap- 
pearance every  alternate  year,  244 — Natural  enemies,  244 — 
Remedies,  245 — Description  of  egg,  245 — The  larva,  245. 

The  great  elm-leaf  beetle,  Monocesta  corijli,  Say* 245 

Past  history,  245— Ravages,  246— Habits,  246— The  eggs,  246— The 
larva},  246— Habits  of  larvte,  246— The  pupa,  246— Remedies,  247. 

The  juniper  web-worm,  ZJajjsi/ia  r(f<!7awffl,  Hiibn  247 

Importation,  247 — Distribution  in  Europe,  247 — Habits,  247 — Rem- 
edies, 248— Description  of  larva,  248;  of  pupa,  248;  of  imago, 
248, 

*  Translation :    <Acker- und  Gartenbau-Zeitung,  1  June,  1880,  v.  11,  p.    87,  fig. 
S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  — . 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  241 

1721.  KiLEY,  C.  v.— Continued. 

The  clover-root  uorer,  Ilylcsiniis  trifolii,  Miiller  • 243 

Occurreuee  m  New  York,  24d— Habits  iu  Europe,  249 — Food-plants, 
249— Natural  history,  249— Remedies,  250— Differential  charac- 
ters of  H.  opaculus  and  //.  trifolii,  250— Enemies,  250 — Descrip- 
tion of  larva,  250;  of  pupa,  250. 
TUE  CLOVER-SEED  MIDGE,  Cecidoviyia  hgumiiiicola,  Lintner 250 

Kavagea  iu  Now  York,  2.50— Habits,  251 — Remedies,  251 — Descrip- 
tion of  imago,  251 — Larva,  252 — Cocoon,  252 — Pnpal  excuvium, 
252 — Comparative  characters  of  C.  iritici,  C.  destructor,  and  C. 
leguminicola,  252. 
The  APPLE  COLEOPHORA,  Colcophora  malivorella,  n.  sp.t 253 

History,  253— Habits,  253— Injuries,  253— Larval  habits,  254— Ene- 
mies and  remedies,  254 — Description  of  larva  and  imago,  254. 
Fuller's  rose-beetle,  Aramigus fitlleriRoTn 2.55 

History,  255 — Distribution,  255 — Ravages,  2.55 — Habits  and  charac- 
ters of  imago,  256 — Remedies,  257 — Description  of  egg,  larva,  and 
pupa,  257. 

1722.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    |Parasites  bred  from  the  cotton- worm.]    <Ca.  Ent., 

November,  1879,  v.  11,  j).  205. 
Nine  species  of  parasites  have  been  bred  from  Alelia  argillacea  1  =  xyUna'\. 

1723.  KiLEY,  C.  V.     The  bee-moth.     <K  Y.  Tribune,  1879.    Keprint: 

<Farmer's  Review,  3  January,  1880.     S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  158. 
Description  of  larva  and  imago,  habits,  ravages,  and  means  against  GaUeria 
cere  ana. 

1724.  EiLEY,  0.  V.    The  silk-worm;  being  a  brief  manual  of  instruc- 

tions for  the  production  of  silk.  <Special  Report  No.  11  [U. 
S.J,  Dept.  Agric,  "Washington,  1879,  pp.  31,  8  tigs.  Second 
edition:  <Washington,  1882,  37pp.,  8  figs.  Third  edition: 
<Washington,  1883,  37  pp.,  8  figs.  Fourth  edition:  Fifth 
edition:  Sixth  edition:  <Bull.  No.  9  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dept. 
Agric,  11  July,  1886,  65  pp.,  29  figs.,  2  pi.  Seventh  edition: 
<lUd.,  April,  1888. 

Treats  of  Sericaria  mori.     See  No.  1721  for  synopsis  of  contents. 

1725.  Riley,  C.  V.    Loudon  purple  as  an  insecticide.     <Farmer's  Re- 

view, 29  January,  1880,  v.  4,  No.  5,  p.  — . 

1726.  [Riley,  O.  Y.]     [The  food-habits  of  thrushes.]     <Amer.  Ent., 

January,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  2-3. 
Notice  of  S.  A.  Forbes'  "  The  food-habits  of  thrushes  ;  "  incompletenes.sof  our 
knowledge  of  the  food-habits  of  birds  and  of  Carabida  ;  author's  opinion 
favorable  to  the  birds. 

1727.  [  KiLEY,  C.  Y.J   The  grape  Phylloxera  in  California.    < Amer.  Ent, 

January,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  3. 
Phylloxera  vastatrxx  as  destructive  to  Vitis  vinifcra  in  California  as  in  Europe; 
the  winged  female  supposed  not  to  have  ajtpeared  yet  in  California ;  specu- 
lations upon  this  modification  of  habit,  if  true. 

•  Translation :  <Acker-  und  Gartenban-Zeitung,  1  August,  1880,  v.  11,  p.  119, 2  figs. 
S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  — .  Extract:  <Prairie  Farmer,  22  Xoveuibor,  1879,  v.  .50,  p.  370. 
S.-b.  No.  23,  pp.  168-169.  <Amer.  Rural  Farmer,  18  December,  1879.  S.-b.  No.  45, 
pp.  23-24. 

t  Translation:  <Acker-  und  Gartenbau-Zcitung,  1  September,  1880,  v.  11,  p.  135, 
fig.     S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  182. 
16   ENT 


242  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1728.  [Riley,  0.  V.]    On  the  hibernation  of  the  cotton-worm,  Aletia 

argillacea  Hiibn.     <Amer.  Eut.,  January,  1880  [v.  3J,  n.  s.,  v.  1, 
pp.  G-11,  figs.  3-5  ;  p.  15.    . 
Advance  print  from  Bull.  No.  3  U.  S.  Ent.  CommissioD,  pp.  24-31.     Seo  No. 
1736  for  synopsis  of  contents. 

1729.  [Riley,  0.  V.]     [Tnquilines  in  galleries  of  the  common  white-ant.] 

<.Amer.  Ent.,  January,  1880,  [v.  3],  u.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  15. 
Trichopsenius  depressua  and  three  undescribed  Aleocharini  found  inquilinons 
in  galleries  of  Termis  flavrpes  in  Texas  by  E.  A.  Scbwarz;  the  Trichopsenius 
previously  known  by  a  single  specimen  from  Georgia. 

1730.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Large  white  scale  on  acacias,  etc.     <Araer.  Ent. 

January,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  20. 
Occurrence  and  ravages  of  Z>or<ftm«  characiasl   in  California  and  southern 
Africa ;  characters  of  the  insect. 

1731.  [Riley,  C.  V.J     [Ravages  of  moths  in  cushions.]     <Amer.  Ent., 

January,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  20. 
Conclusions  of  discussion  by  German  Society  of  Railway  Comi^anies  as  to  the 
best  method  of  preventing  the  ravages  of  moths  in  the  cushions  of  railway 
carriages. 

1732.  [Riley,  C.  v.]    [Grape  Phylloxera  in  Geelong,  Victoria.]    <Amer. 

Ent.,  January,  18b0  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  20. 
Occurrence  of  Phylloxera  vastatrix  in  Geelong,  Victoria. 

1733.  Riley,  C.  V.     Borers  in  black-ash  :  Fall  web-worm  :  Apple-tree 

insects.  <Amer.  Ent.,  January,  1880  [v.  3],  u.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  22- 
23. 

Black-ash  trees  in  New  York  killed  by  the  borings  of  Parandra  hrunnea  ;  ash 
trees  bored  also  by  Trochilinm  1=^  FatKa']  denudala;  the  leaves  of  the  same 
and  other  trees  destroyed  by  Hijphantvia  texior  [=CH?(ea];  apples  injured 
by  the  "gimlet-worm";  habits,  ravages  of,  and  means  against  BuccuJatrix 
pomifoUella  ;  figure  of  cocoons  and  imago  of  this  moth. 

1734.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Skippers  injuring  smoked  hams.     <Amer.  Ent.„ 

January,  1880,  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  23-24. 
Answer  to  communication  from  E.  A.  Smith  ;  hams  injured  by  larvje  of  Pio- 
phila  casei;  means  against  these  and  other  insects  injuring  hams. 

1735.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Tlpula  eggs  in  the  stomach   of   the  cat-bird. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  January,  1880  [v.  3],n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  24. 
Answer  to  communication  from  S.A.Forbes;  description  of  eggs  and  method 
of  oviposition  of  Tipnla  trivitiata  ? 

1736.  Riley,  0.  V.     The  cotton-worm.     Summary  of  its  natural  his- 

tory, with  an  account  of  its  enemies  and  the  best  means  of  con- 
trolling it;  being  a  report  of  progress  of  the  work  of  the  com- 
mission. <Bull.  No.  3,  U.  S.  Ent.  Commission,  28  January, 
1880,  144  pp.,  1  pi.,  84  figs.  Extract:  <Amer.  Eut.,  March, 
1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,.  v.  1,  pp.  67-68,  figs.  19-20.  <Farmer's  Re- 
view, January,  1880,  2  figs.    S.  b.  No.  23,  pjp.  163-164. 


BIBLIOGKAPllY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  243 

1736.  Riley,  C.  V.— Coutiuued. 

IXTRODUCTOUY  1 

Text  of  circular  sent  out  by  the  commission,  1 — History  of  the  iu- 
vestigation,  1 — Need  thereof,  2 — Early  work  of  To  wnend  Glover, 
Thomas  AflHeck,  au«l  D.  L.  Pbares,  2 — Special  report  ordered  by 
Congress,  3 — Character  of  the  Bulletin,  3 — Division  of  the  cot- 
ton-belt in  the  southern  or  hibernating  and  the  northern  or 
non-hibernating  portions,  4 — Practical  aim  of  the  commission, 
4 — Persons  who  have  assisted,  4. 

1.  Destructiveness  of  tue  worm 7 

Losses  occasioned  by  it 7 

Increase  of  injury  westward,  7 — Least  injury  in  northern  portion 
of  belt,  7 — Tabular  statement  of  loss  for  past  15  years,  b. 

2.  Popular  AND  scientific  names  for  the  insect 8 

Most  desirable  popular  name,  8 — Different  technical  names  by 
which  the  insect  has  been  known,  8 — Earliest  description  of 
it,  8. 

3.  Characters  AND  stages  of  the  insect 0 

The  egg 9 

The  worm  always  hatched  from  an  egg,  9 — Where  the  egg  is  laid, 
9 — Number  of  eggs  to  a  leaf,  10— All  eggs  perish  during  winter, 
10 — Other  eggs  mistaken  for  those  of  Aletia,  10. 

The  worm  or  larva 10 

Character  of  newly-hatched  worm,  10 — Number  of  molts,  11 — 
Variation  in  color,  11— Peculiar  habits,  11— Flourishes  on  the 
cotton-plant  only,  12. 

The  chrysalis 12 

Duration  of  chrysalis  state,  13 — It  never  transforms  below  ground, 
13 — How  it  may  be  distinguished  from  other  species,  13. 

The  moth  or  imago 13 

Distinguishing  characters  of  the  moths,  14— Sexual  differences, 
14 — Different  habits  at  night  and  at  day,  14— Fecundity,  15— 
It  finds  its  natural  food  on  the  cotton-plant,  15 — Fond  of 
fruits,  15— Character  of  its  tongue,  15. 

4.  Time  elapsing  from  one  generation  to  another v..        16 

It  varies  greatly,  but  averages  about  one  month,  16. 

5.  Time  of  year  when  the  first  worms  appear 16 

Prevailing  opinions  erroneous,  16 — The  worms  hatch  in  April,        ^ 
16 — First  worms  always  in  small  numbers,  17 — The  third  gen- 
eration usually  called  the  first,  17. 

6.  Condition  of  soil  ant)  plant  con'^nected  with  the  appearance 

OF  the  first  worms 18 

The  worms  appear  first  on  low,  moist,  and  rich  lands,  18 — Few 
exceptions  to  the  rule,  18— The  plant  must  be  well  advanced 
and  luxuriant,  18 — Some  shelter  generally  near,  19— Reoccur- 
rence year  after  year  in  the  same  spots,  19 — Theory  cxplainiiig 
first  appearance  under  the  circumstances  observed,  19. 

7.  Wet  weather  favors  the  development  of  the  worms 20 

Humid  and  hot  atmosphere  most  favorable,  20 — Heavy  storms 
destroy,  20 — Effect  of  dryness,  21 — Indirect  influences  of  wet 
weather,  21 — It  prevents  the  working  of  the  worm's  natural 
enemies,  21. 


244  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1736.  EiLEY,  C.  v.— Continued. 

8.  Number  of  annual  generations 21 

Prevailing  general  belief  erroneous,  21 — Early  generations  often 
overlooked,  22 — Also  often  esterniiuated  by  natural  enemies, 
22 — At  least  seven  annual  generations  in  southern  portion  of 
belt,  and  probably  more,  22. 

9.  Migrations  and  power  of  flight  of  the  moth   2J. 

The  moth  has  great  power  of  wing,  23 — It  flies  many  hundreds 
of  miles  north  of  cotton  belt,  23 — Appearance  of  the  worm  on 
cotton  first  planted  great  distances  from  any  other  cotton  thus 
accounted  for,  23 — Migrating  habit  developed  only  in  latei 
months  when  they  become  numerous,  24. 
10.  Hibernation -        24 

Different  opinions  and  beliefs, '24 — Difficulty  surrounding  the 
question,  24 — Erroneous  conclusions  easily  drawn,  25 — Fallacy 
of  the  belief  that  the  chrysalis  winters  underground,  25-26 — 
Ability  of  the  moth  to  survive  the  winter,  26 — Other  moths 
easily  mistaken  for  it,  27 — Theory  of  annual  introduction  of 
the  species  from  some  exotic  country,  28 — Arguments  for  and 
against  the  theory,  29,  30 — Hibernation  of  the  moth  in  the 
southern  portion  of  the  belt  substantiated,  30 — But  a  very 
small  proportion  of  those  which  abound  in  the  fall  live  to  per- 
petuate their  kind  the  next  spring,  31 — Localities  where  the 
moth  hibernates,  31. 

11.  Natural  enemies 31 

Vertebrates ,. .       '33 

Quadrupeds,  birds,  and  reptiles  that  feed  upon  the  worm,  32 — 
Introduction  of  English  sparrow,  33. 

Invertebrates 33 

Predaceous  insects 33 

Wasps,  ants,  and  other  Hymenoptera,  34 — The  good  work  of 
ants,  34 — How  they  are  drawn  to  a  cotton-field  by  the  aphides,  • 
34 — Beetles  which  prey  upon  the  worm  and  others  which  pre- 
sumably do  so,  35 — Enemies  among  the  half-winged  bugs  or 
Heteroptera,  36 — Among  two-winged  flies  or  Dii)tera,  36 — 
Among  nerve- winged  insects  or  Nouroptera,  37. 
Parasites 38 

Previous  belief  that  none  preyed  on  Aletia,  38 — Infesting  the 
egg,  38 — Infesting  and  issuing  from  the  worm,  39 — Flesh  flies 
and  Tachina  flies,  dilierences  between  them,  40-42 — Issuing 
from  the  chrysalis,  42 — A  parasite  known  but  not  named  in 
1852 — Ten  distinct  parasites  infesting  Aletia,  and  two  other 
Tindetermined  species,  47. 

12.  Remedies  :  Means  of  coping  with  the  insect 47 

Favorable  showing  as  to  what  has  been  accomplished  in  the 
South  since  the  war,  48. 

Prevention 48 

Modes  of  cultivation,  48 — Topping,  48 — Use  of  early  varieties, 
48 — Isolating  fields,  48— Diversified  agriculture,  49— Rotation 
of  crops,  49 — Protection  of  natural  enemies,  49 — Early  vs.  late 
planting,  49 — Interspersing  corn  with  cotton,  49 — Jute,  49. 

Mechanical  means  of  killing  the  worms 49 

Simple  methods  of  brushing  and  dragging,  50. 
Machines  for  brushing  off  the  worms 50 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  245 

1736.  Riley,  C.  V.— Coutiuued. 

12.  Remedies:  Means  of  Coping  with  the  Insect — Coiitinnod. 

The  Ewiug  bnisliiug  nuicbiue,  50 — Tbo  Helm  bru8hiii<;  machine, 
51 — The  Wood- Smith  brushing  miicbiiie,  52 — The  Isko  brush- 
ing machine,  53  —Use  of  kerosene  and  coal  oil  with  shallow 
pans  or  cloth  frames,  54. 

Poisoning  the  worms 54 

Impetus  given  to  invention  by  the  use  of  mineral  poisons,  54 — 
Value  of  concerted  action.  54 — General  principles  to  bo  ob- 
served in  poisoning,  55 — Dry  vs.  wet  applications,  55 — Advant- 
age in  being  prepared,  55. 

Arsenical  compounds 55 

Their  value,  55 — Safe  and  harmless  where  carefully  used,  55 — 
Caution  necessary,  56 — Antidote  to  arsenic  poison,  56 — Paris 
green,  56 — When  first  recommended  against  the  cotton-worm, 
56 — Its  value,  advantages,  and  disadvantages,  56 — Modes  of 
using  it,  57 — Patents  issued  for  Paris  green  mixtures,  57 — They 
should  be  disregarded,  58 — Arsenic,  58 — It  causes  the  squares 
to  fall,  58— Patent  granted  for  its  use  in  1871,  51)— Johnson's 
dead  shot,  59— Arseniate  of  soda,  59— Texas  cotton-worm  de- 
stroyer, 60 — Lodi  pest  poison,  60. 

London  purple 60 

Its  nature,  and  how  produced,  60 — Its  ethcaey  as  an  insecticide, 
60 — Analysis  of,  60 — It  proves  a  valuable  poison  for  the  worms, 
61 — Cheaper  than  Paris  green,  62— Its  persistency,  62. 

Pyrethrum  powder 62 

Its  origin  and  nature,  62 — Its  remarkable  insecticide  {jualities, 
62— Most  eft'ectual  on  the  cotton-worm,  63— Perfectly  harmless 
to  man,  63 — The  extract  of  the  plant  has  the  same  virtue,  63 — 
Growth  of  the  plant  in  California,  63 — Experiments  conducted, 
64 — The  alcoholic  extract  very  potent,  64 — Probable  cost  of 
using  it,  whether  as  powder  or  extract,  65 — Highly  encouraging 
prospects  from  its  use,  65. 

Kerosene  oil 65 

It  causes  instant  death  to  the  worm,  but  is  ditlicult  to  apjdy 
without  injuring  the  plant,  66 — Vaporized  by  meansof  steam, 
66 — Used  as  a  soap.  66. 

Cotton-seed  oil - 66 

Acts  much  as  kerosene,  66 — Made  into  soap  with  ashes  from  hull 
of  seed,  66— Might  be  profitably  used  around  oil  factories,  66. 

Carbolic  acid 67 

As  a  means  of  keeping  otT  the  moth,  67— Will  not  kill  the  worm 
without  injuring  the  plant,  67. 

Sulphur 67 

Extracts  or  decoctions  from  various  plants 67 

Yeast  ferment;  fungus  infection 6o 

Proposition  by  Dr.  Hagen,  6.-(— Dr.  Bail's  experiments,  68— Not 
in  accord  with  the  leading  mycologists,  68— Experiments  with 
beer-mash,  69 — With  beer-mash  anrl  yeast  ferment,  70. 

Machines  and  contrivances  for  powdering '■* 

Simple  contrivance  for  mixing,  74 — Ordinary  method  of  apply- 
ing dry  poison,  75 — Patented  machines,  75 — Hand  duster,  75 — 
The  Willie  duster,  75— The  Hurd  blower,  76— Combined  duster 


246  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY, 

1736.  Riley,  C.  V.— Continued. 

12,  Remedies:  Means  of  Coping  with  the  Insect — Continued. 

and  sprinkler,  78 — The  Davis  duster,  78 — The  Levy  duster, 
79— The  Taylor  duster,  80— The  Allen  duster,  81— The  Young 
duster,  81 — The  Goodheart  duster,  81. 
Machines  and  contrivances  for  sprinkling  and  spraying 81 

Gray's  hand  sprinkler,  81 — The  Ruggles  sprinkler,  82 — The  Ram- 
sey sprinkler,  82 — The  Taylor  sprinkling  apparatus,  83 — The 
Townsend  sprinkler,  83 — The  Willie  sprinkler,  84 — The  Shanck 
sprinkler,  84 — Peck's  spray  machine,  84 — Fountain  pump,  85 — 
Machines  for  spraying  on  a  large  scale,  85 — The  Goodin  sprink-  ' 
ler,  85 — The  Yeager  sprinkler,  86 — The  Ruhmann  sprinkler, 
87 — The  Johnson  spray  machine,  88 — The  Warner  saddle 
sprinkler,  90 — The  Binkley  atomizer,  90 — The  Schier  atomizer, 
91 — Ruhmaun's  improved  atomizer,  93— The  Daughtry  atom- 
izer, 94. 
Machines  for  applying  vapors 97 

The  Steinmann  vaporizer,  97 — The  Pearl  vapor  generator,  99. 
Destruction  of  the  moth 100 

Results  so  far  not  encouraging,  100 — Action  must  be  taken  early 
In  tlie  season,  100. 
Lamps  for  attracting  the  moth 100 

Usually  resorted  to  when  too  late  to  do  practical  good,  100 — 
Fires,  100 — Ti'outle  of  keeping  them  up  throughout  the  night, 
101 — Beneficial  insects  killed  by  lamps  and  fires,  101 — Ad- 
vantage of  lamps,  101— The  Garrett  lamp,  101— The  Binkley 
lamp,  102— The  McQueen  lamp,  103— The  Rigel  lamp,  103— 
The  Walker  lamp,  103— Simple  form  of  lamp,  104— The  Pugh 
lamp,  104 — Lamps  in  motion,  105 — Le  Blanc's  cotton-moth 
destroyer,  105— The  Fordtran  cotton-moth  destroyer,  105. 
Poisoned  sweets  and  fluids  as  means  of  destroying  the  moth 106 

Sweets  attractive,  106 — Ripe  fruits  and  melons  often  sufi'er,  106-^ 
Baits  that  allure  and  kill,  106— Experiments  with  them,  107— 
Moths  less  attracted  during  summer  than  in  autumn,  107 — Lit- 
tle inducement  to  use  baits  in  autumn,  108 — They  are  most 
beneficial  in  spring,  108 — White  rags,  108— Theory  of  Dr.  J.  L. 
Lupton,  108. 
Appendix 109 

Answers  to  circular  from  West  Feliciana  Parish,  Louisiana,  109 — 
From  Evergreen,  Ala.,  Ill—  From  Henderson,  Tex.,  11.3— From 
Hempstead,  Tex.,  115 — Different  views  as  to  hibernation  and 
mode  of  perpetuation  of  the  insect,  116 — Answers  to  circular 
from  Livingston,  Ala.,  117 — From  Parish  of  Concordia,  La., 
119 — From  Natchitoches,  La.,  122 — From  Jackson,  Miss.,  126 — 
From  Larissa,  Tex.,  127— From  Perry  County,  Ala.,  128— 
From'Walterborough,  S.  C,  128— From  Jamestown,  Fla.,  130— 
From  San  Antonio,  Tex.,  131— From  Kirk  wood.  Miss.,  133— 
From  Woodville,  Miss.,  135. 

1737.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     The  17-year  Cicada  in  Iowa.    <Amer.  Ent.,  Feb- 

ruary, 1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  25-26. 
Review  of  C.  E.  Bessey  on  the  17-year  Cicada  in  Iowa ;  limits  of  the  broods 
of  1854-1871,  1861-1878,  and  1862-1879  of  Cicada  [=  Tibicen^  septendecem  in 
Iowa;  occurrence  of  the  last  brood  in  Missouri;  comparison  of  the  distri- 
bution of  these  broods  with  the  distribution  of  timber  trees. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  247 

173S.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Vogetal-feedinj?  <?roiiii(l-beetlos.     <Amer.  Eiit, 
February,  1880  fv.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  2(J. 

Notes  from  various  sources  upon  the  phytophagous  habits  of  Carabidcv. 

1739.  [Riley,  C.  Y.J    The  pear-leaf  blister.     <Ainer.  Ent.,  February, 

1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  2().    Notice:  <Ibid.,  March,  1880  [v.  3], 
11.  s.,  V.  1,  p.  74. 

Review  of  T.  J.  Burrill's  "The  pear-leaf  blister";  ravages  of  Tijphlodromua 
piiri  on  loaves  of  pear-tree ;  characters  of  this  mite  ;  noxious  habits  of  Ava- 
rina,  especially  of  rbijtoptns. 

1740.  [Riley,  C.  Y.J     Fuller's  rose-beetle  in  California.     <Amer.  Ent., 

February,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  26. 
Occurrence  and  ravages  of  Jramigu8  fulleri  in  California. 

1741.  [Riley,  C.Y.J    Lepidium  vs.  beA-hngs.     <Amer.  Ent,  February, 

1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  20. 
Notice  of  S.  M.'s  "  Lepiclium,  the  bod-bug  destroyer ,:  "  Acanthia  lectularia  said 
to  be  attracted  to  and  killed  by  Lepidium  sp, 

1742.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     Aniseed  and  grain  weevils.     <Araer.  Ent.,  Feb- 

ruary, 1880  [v.  3j,  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  26. 
Notice  of  reports  that  Calandra  (jranaria  were  attracted  I'rom  grain  to  aniseed 
and  killed  by  it. 

1743.  Riley,  C.  Y.    Two  valuable  insecticides.     <Amer.  Ent.,  Febru- 

ary, 1880  [v.  3J,  n.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  41-45. 
From  Bull.  No.  3,  U,  S.  Ent.  Commission,  pp.  80-65.     See  No,  1736,  for  synop- 
sis of  contents. 

1744.  [Riley,  C.  Y.J     Use  of  bucliwbeat  to  destroy  insects,     <Amer. 

Ent.,  February,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  48. 
Extract  from  "  The  Farmer"  with  remarks  on  the  planting  and  plowing  in 
of  buckwheat  as  a  means  against  injurious  insects. 

17  j5.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]    Tipula  eggs  in  stomach  of  cat-bird.    <Amer.  Ent., 
February,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  50. 

Answer  to  communication  from  S.  A.  Forbes;  two  kinds  of  eggs  found  in 
stomach  of  cat-bird;  these  birds  eat  gravid  females  of  Tipula. 

17 16.  [Riley,  C.  Y.[    Beetles  supposed  to  be  feeding  on  wheat.    <Amer. 
Ent.,  February,  1880  [v.  3|,  n,s.,  v.  1,  p.  50. 
Answer  to  letter  from  P.  11.  M. ;  Jarva  of  Cryptorhopalum  sp.  supposed  to  have 
injured  grains  of  wheat,  was  probably  feeding  on  the  remains  of  true  grain 
insects;  food-habits  of  larvie  of  Dennestida;. 

1747.  Riley,  C.  Y.    The  apple-twig  borer.     <Amer.  Ent.,  February, 

1880  [v.  3J,  n.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  50-51,  tigs.  11-12. 
Answer  to  letter  from  H.  G.  Wolcott;  habits,  food-plants,  and  means  against 
Amphicerus  licaudntiii):  figure  of  male  and  female  imago  and  of  bored  ap- 
ple-twigs; habits  and  food-plants  of  Sinoxyloii.  banillarc  and  of  Bontrichus. 

1748.  [Rlley,  C.  Y.J     Stinging  caterpillars.     <Aiuer.  Ent.,  February, 

1^80  [v.  3J,  n.  s.,  V.  1,  p.  51. 

Answer  to  letters  from  T.  Pollard  and  G  .W.  S.;  food-plants,  general  appear- 
ance, vernacular  name,  urticating  properties  and  description  of  imago  of 
Lagoa  ojyercularis. 


248  BIBLIOGRAPHY   OF   ECONOMIC   ENTOMOLOGY. 

1749.  Riley,  C.  V.    A  new  genus  of  Proctrotrupidm.    <Amer.  Ent., 
.     February,  1880  [v.  3],  u.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  52,  figs.  13-14.     Keview: 

<^lbid.,  December,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  293. 
Description  and  figures  of  Didictyum  I  =  Hexaplastal  zigzag  n.  g.  et  n.  sp. 
reared  from  chrysalis  of  Aletia  argillaeea  [_:=  xylinaj. 

1750.  Riley,  0.  V.    Agricultural  advancement  in  the  United  States. 

<Farmer's  Review,  1880,  v.  4:   4  March,  p.  153;  11  March, 
p.  174.     S.-b.  No.  23,  pp.  153-158.     Notice:  <Ibid.,  4  March, 

1880,  p S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  150.     Reprint:   <Journ.  Amer. 

Agric.  Assoc,  April,  1881,  v.  1,  pp.  47-54.  Separate  of  re- 
print: <August,  1881,  pp.  47-54. 
Suggestions  for  the  orgauizatiou  of  an  agricultural  association  ;  comparison 
of  the  relations  of  government  to  the  advancement  of  agriculture  in  Eng- 
land, Germany,  France,  and  the  United  States;  necessary  changes  in  the 
United  States  Department  of  Agriculture. 

1751.  Riley,  0.  V.    Parasites  of  the. plum  Curculio.     <Farmer's  Re- 

view, 4  March,  1880,  v.  4,  p.  — ,  2  figs.     S.-b.  No.  23,  pp.  169- 
170. 

Figures  of  larva,  pupa,  cocoon,  and  imagos  of  Sigalphus  curculionis ;  habits, 
variations,  usefulness,  and  dissemination  of  the  same;  habits,  colors,  and 
seasons  of  Porizon  [=  Thersilochus'\  conotracheli. 

1752.  [Riley,   C.   V.]      Trap[)ing  the  carpet-beetle.     <Amer.  Ent., 

March,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  53-55,  fig.  15. 
Figures  larva,  pupa,  and  imago  of  Antliremis  scrophulariw ;  food-plants  and 
habits  of  imago  and  ravages  of  larva ;  importation,  distribution,  vernacu- 
lar names  of  and  means  against  the  same. 

1753.  [Riley,  0.  V.]    Silk-worm  eggs:  Silk  culture.    <Amer.  Ent., 

March,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  55. 
Method  of  obtaining  eggs  of  Sericaria  mori  and  information  on  silk  culture. 

1754.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    [Hickory  Scolytus.]    <Amer.  Ent.,  March,  1880 

[v.  3j,  n.  s.,  V.  1,  p.  58. 
Occurrence  of  Scolytus  qiiadrispinosus  in  Washington  Territory. 

1755.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    [Tenacity  of  life.]     <Amer.  Ent.,  March,  1880 

[v.  3],  u.  s.,  V.  1,  p.  68. 
Resistance  of  Cleonus  sp.  to  the  influence  of  various  insecticides. 

1750.  [Riley,  0.  V.]     [Banais  archippus.]     <Amer.  Ent.,  March,  1880 
[v.  3],  n.  s.,  V.  1,  p.  73. 
Occurrence  of  a  colorational  variety  on  the  island  of  Antigua. 

1757.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Reports  of  the  TJ.  S.  Entomological  Commission. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  March,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  73. 
Method  of  obtaining  the  first  report  of  the  U.  S.  Entomological  Commission. 

1758.  [Riley,  C.  v.]   [Habits  of  the  cotton-moth.]    <Amer.  Ent.,  March, 

1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  74. 
Request  for  information  on  the  habits  of  the  imago  and  the  food-plants  of  the 
larva  of  Aletia  argillaeea  i=xylina']  during  March  and  April. 

1759.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Typhlodromus  pyri.    <Amer.  Ent.,  March,  1880 

[v.  3],  n.  s.,  V.  1,  p.  74. 
Reference  to  early  account  of  the  pear-leaf  blister-mite. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OP   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  249 

1760.  [RlLEY,  C.  v.]     Footl-habits  of  ground-beetles.     <Amer.  Ent., 
March,  1880  [v.  3],  ii.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  75. 
Note  oil  request  of  S.  A.  Forbes  for  Carabidir  found  iii,  situations  suggesting 
bcrbivorous  habits. 

17G1,  fRiLEY,  C.  v.]  Moths  and  butterflies  caught  by  the  tougue. 
<Ainer.  Ent.,  March,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s,,  v.  1,  p.  75. 
Notice  of  sevtiral  articles  on  the  capture  of  Noctuidw  and  Sphhigidw  by  the 
llowers  of  Physiaiithus  albens;  capture  of  Sphingida  by  the  flowers  o( yerium 
oleander  and  (Enothera  grandiflora,  and.  of  Syrphus  sp.  by  the  flowers  of  liidens 
chryaanthemoides. 

17C2.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    [Queen  bees  in  the  mails.]    Arner.  Ent.,  March, 
1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  75. 
Circumstances  under  which  queen  bees  may  be  sent  by  mail ;  exclusion  of 
pinned  insects  from  the  same. 

17G3.  [RiLEY,  C.  v.]    Common  tiger-beetle.    <Amer.  Ent.,  March,  1880 
[v.  3],  u.  s.,  V.  1,  pp.  77-78. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  L.  Seney;  habitat,  distribution,  and  food-habits  of 
Cicindela  repanda. 

1704.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Gall  on  Pelargonium.    <Amer.  Ent.,  March,  1880 
(v.  3],  U.S.,  V.  l,p.  78. 
Answer  to  letter  from  Mary  Treat ;  gall  at  base  of  Pelargonium  probably  made 
by  a  mite;  the  Podur<s  found  in  it  were  undoubtedly  feeding  on  diseased 
gall-tissue. 

17G5.  [Riley,  C.  V.J    Catalogues  and  monographs  of  insects.    <Amer. 
Ent.,  March,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  78. 
Answer  to  letter  of  P.  S.  B.;  mention  of  monographic  works  and  catalogues 
of  North  American  insects. 

17GG.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Leaf- hoppers  injuring  wheat  fields.    <Amer. 
Ent.,  March,  1880  [v.  3J,  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  78. 
,    Answer  to  letter  of  R.  L.  B. ;  habits  and  ravages  of  CieaduJa  exitiosa,  Diedro- 
cephala  flaviceps,  and  Jassus  sp.  in  the  southern  United  States,  and  of  Jaaaua 
aexnotatua  in  Europe;  means  against  the  same. 

17G7.  Riley,   C.   V.     A   new   leaf-hopper  injurious  to    small    grain. 
< Amer.  Ent.,  March,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  a.,  v.  1,  p.  78. 

Descriittion  of  Diedrocephala  flavice2)a n.  sp.   injurious  to  wheat  and   oats  in 
Texas  in  1876. 

17C8.  Riley,  C.  V.    The    bird   question    dispassionately  considered. 
<Farmer's  Review,  1  April,  1880,  v.  4,  p.  lill.     S.-b.  No.  23,  pp. 
147-148. 
Extract  from  E.  Perris's  "Birds  vs.  Insects,"  with  introductorj' ;  conclnsions 
as  to  the  value  of  birds  in  agriculture  as  destroyers  of  noxious  insects. 

17G9.  Riley,  C.  V.  The  cotton-worm  in  the  United  States.  <Amer. 
Ent.,  April,  1880  [v.  3],  U.S.,  v.l,  pp.  93-95.  Reprint,  with  slight 
changes :  <Proc.  Amer.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.  for  1879,  23  February, 
1881,  V.  28,  pp.  464-4GG.  Separate  of  reprint :  <Salem,  Mass., 
August,  1880, 3  pp. 
Date  and  manner  of  first  appearance  of  lame  of  Jhtia  argiUacia  [  =  TyUnny, 
number  of  annual  generations  and  the  existence  of  parasites  upon  it ;  liis- 


250  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

176D   EiLEY,  C.  v.— Continued. 

tory  and  reCutatiou  of  the  annua!  immigration  theory;  division  of  the 
cotton  belt  into  regions  wherein,  respectively,  A.  argillacea  [=a;yKna]  is 
permanent  and  temporary  ;  food-habits  and  enemies  of  the  same. 

1770.  [Riley,  0.  v.]    The  migrations  of  butterflies.   <Ainer.Eut.,  April, 

1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  100-102,  figs.  34-35. 
Migratory  flights  of  Lepidoptera  supposed  to  be  due  to  excessive  multiplica- 
tion of  individuals  and  to  a  true  migratory  instinct ;  direct  ons,  times,  and 
extent  of  migrations  of  Danais  archippus ;  explanation  of  the  migratory 
instinct;  distribution  of  D.  archippus  and  Pyrameis  cardui;  figures  the 
former  and  its  manner  of  clustering. 

1771.  [Riley,  0.  V.]     Gouty  gall  on  blackberry  and  raspberry  canes. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  April,  1880  [v,  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  107. 
Answer  to  letters  of  P.  S.,  T.  A.  C,  and  J.  W.;  seasons,  ravages  of  and  means 
against  Agrilus  7'2tficollis. 

1772.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Sowing  cotton  seeds  in  hot-beds  and  transplanting 

as  a  means  of  preventing  injury  from  the  cotton- worm.  <Amer. 
Ent.,  April,  1883  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  107. 
Impracticability  of  W.  J.  W.'s  suggestion  as  indicated  in  title. 

1773.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Not  the  cotton-moth.     <Amer.  Ent.,  April,  1880 

[v.  3],  u.  s.,  V.  1,  p.  107. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  D.  B.  Woodbury;  food-plants  of  Tohjpe  vellcda. 

1774.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Moths  caught  in  Alabama  :  Muscle-shaped  bark- 

louse  on  apple-trees  South  <Amer.  Ent.,  April,  1880  [v.  3], 
n.  s.,  V.  1,  pp.  107-108. 

Mentions  several  insects  received  from  J.  F.  Bailey,  of  Marion,  Ala. ;  larva  of  , 
Papilio  2}liile»or  feeds  on  Aristolochia;  Bombus  virginicus  $  robs  hives  of  ^^jis 
melliflca;  Mytilaspis  pomicorticis  \^^=pomorum'\  not  before  received  from  so 
far  south  ;  means  against  the  same, 

1775.  [RiLEY^,  0.  Y.|     Chrysalides  supposed  to  be  those  of  Aletia. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  April,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  108. 
Answer  to  letter  of  W.  J.  Jones  ;  pupse  of  Agrotis  inermis  [  =  saMcia]  and  Pro- 
denia  lineatella  from  cotton  field. 

1776.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Apple-twig  borer.     <Amer.  Ent.,  April,  1880  [v. 

3],  n.  s.,  V.  1,  p.  108. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  V.  M. ;  occurrence  and  habits  of  Amphicerus  bicau- 
datiis. 

1777.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Clover-weevil.     <Amer.  Ent.,  April,  1880  [v.  3], 

n.  s.,  V.  1,  p.  108. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  W.  W.  F. ;  several  "weevils"  infest  clover-seeds;  Ry- 
lesinus  trifolii  infests  the  roots  and  lower  part  of  the  stem. 

1778.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Effects  of  cold  applied  to  the  chrysalides  of  but- 

terflies.    <Amer.  Ent.,  May,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  110-111. 
Notice  of  the  experiments  of  W.  H.  Edwards ;  effects  of  hibernation  in  the 
chrysalis  and  imago  states. 

1779.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Moth  issuing  from  a  larva.     <Amer.  Ent.,  May, 

1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  V.  1,  p.  114. 
Notice  of  J.  J.  Weir  on  the  issuance  of  Orgyia  sp.  from  the  larva  withont 
passing  through  the  pupal  stage. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  251 

1780.  [Riley,  C.  v.]    The  rose-slug.     <Amer.  Ent,  May,  1880  [v.  3J, 

n.  s.,  V.  1,  pp.  115-llC,  figs.  42-43. 
Doscription  of  eggs,  larva',  and  imago,  liiistory  ami  means  against  Selandria 
1=  MonoHfnjia'i  rona- ;  iigures,  egg,  larva-,  imago,  witli  (h'talls  of  strncture, 
and  iiijurod  leaf. 

1781.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     Dr.  Asa  Fitch.     <Amer.  Ent,  May,  1880  [v.  3], 

n.  s,  V.  1,  pp.  121-123. 

Biographical  sketch  of  Asa  Filch,  with  notice  of  his  collection  of  insects  and 
his  writings. 

1782.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Flea-beetle  on  young  tobacco  plants.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  May,  1880  [v.  3J,  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  123. 
Leaves  of  Nicotiana  tabacum  eaten  by  Epih-ix  hirti2>€nvig  [  =  Crepidodera  par- 
rula]  and  probably  by  E.  [=  C]  eucumeris ;  leaves  of  Solannm  eaten  by  the 
first  named  and  by  E.  [=  C]  brevia;  distribution  of  these  and  other  species 
of  EpUr'ix  [=  Crepldoderal. 

1783.  [RiLEY,  C.  v.]    The  proboscis  of  the  common  house-fly.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  May,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  125. 
Review  of  paper  by  G.  Macloskie. 

1781.  [Riley,  C.  v.]  Notes  on  South  American  Lepidoptera.  <Amer. 
Ent.,  May,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  125-120. 
Report  of  meeting  of  the  Entomological  Society  of  Loudon  ;  length  of  probo- 
scis of  and  presence  of  scent  organ  in  Sphingidw;  perception  of  colors  in 
Bhopalocera  ;  secondary  sexual  character  in  Callidryaa  und  other  genera; 
according  to  R.  Meldola  the  proboscis  of  MacrosUa  chientius  is  23.5"^'n  ('JJ 
inches)  long. 

1785.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Floating  apiaries.     <Amer.  Ent.,  May,  1880  [v. 
3J,  n.  s.,  V.  1,  pp.  126-127. 
Notice  of  an  iinsuccessful  attempt  to  increase  the  product  of  an  apiary  by 
floating  it  southward  late  in  the  season  and  back  to  the  north  in  the  spring, 
on  the  Mississippi  River. 

1780.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     American  Staphylinid(c  wanted.     <Amer.  Ent., 
May,  1880  [v.  3J,  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  127. 
Notice  of  A.  Fauvel's  works  on  Staphylinida  and  his  request  for  additional 
material. 

1787.  [Riley,  G.  V.]     Probable  parthenogenesis  in  the  Hessian  fly, 

<Amer.  Ent.,  May,  1880  [v.  3J,  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  127. 
Review  of  paper  l)y  H.  A.  Hagen ;   Cecidomi/ia  dcslructor  less  injurious  than 
formerly  in  the  older  wheat-growing  regions,  its  area  of  abundance  iiaving 
moved  westward  with  the  westward  extension  of  wheat  culture. 

1788.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Raspberries  destroyed  by  weevils.    <Ani('r.  Ent., 

May,  1880  [v.  3j,  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  127. 
Ravagesof  OtiorhytidniH picipes  in  England  ;  warning  against  its  introduction 
into  the  United  States. 

1 788a.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Cotton  culture  and  the  insects  affecting  the  plant 
at  Bahia,  Brazil.     <Amer.  Ent.,  May,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1, 
pp.  12a-129. 
Letter  of  R.  A.  Edes,  with  remarks  on  specimens  sent. 


?52  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF   ECONOMIC   ENTOMOLOGY. 

1789.  [Riley,  C.  V.]   Hemispherical  larva  at  bottom  of  ant  hill.  <Amer. 

Eiit.,  May,  18S0  jv.  3],  d.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  129. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  D.  S.  Sheldon  ;  habitat  of  larva  of  Microdon  glohosus. 

1790.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Chrysalides  dug  up  in  cotton  field,  mistaken  for 

those  of  the  cotton-worm.     <Amer.  Ent.,  May,  1880  [v.  3],  n. 
s.,  V.  1,  p.  129.     ■ 
Answer  to  letter  of  E.  Worrel. 

1791.  [RiLEY,  C.  v.]    Aleurodes  on  Oxalis.     <Amer.  Ent,  May,  1880 

[v.  3],  n.  s.,  V.  1,  pp.  129-130. 
Answer  to  letter  of  S.  A.  Conrad  ;  description  of  all  stages  of  Aleurodes  sp. 
from  leaves  of  Oxalis  sp. 

1792.  [Riley,  O.  V.]    Larvae  in  stomach  of  black-bass.     <Amer.  Ent., 

May,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  130. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  S.  A.  Forbes ;  two  coleopterous  larvjB  from  the  stomach 
of  Micropterus  salmoides ;  one  a  dytiscid,  the  other  perhaps  a  dascyllid. 

1793.  [RiLEY,  C.  v.]    Insects  from  stomach  of  rock-bass.     <Amer.  Ent., 

May,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  130. 
Answer  to  letter  of  S.  A.  Forbes ;  coleopterous  larva  from  the  stomach  of 
common  sun-fish  (Lejnojyomus  pallidas)  and  rock-bass  {Boccus  lineatiis). 

1794.  [RiLEY,  C.  v.]    New  enemy  to  sugar-cane.     <Amer.  Ent.,  May, 

1880  [v.  3],  n,  s.,  v.  1,  p.  130,  fig.  48. 
Answer  to  letter  of  D.  Th. ;  ravages  of  Ligyrus  rufiiceps  upon  sugar-cane, 
maize,  and  grasses ;  recommends  use  of  lamp  and  kerosene  pan,  and  figures 
one  form  of  such  apparatus. 

1795.  [RiLEY,  C.  v.]     Parasites  of  the  plum  Curculio.     <Amer.  Ent., 

May,  1880  [v.  3],  u.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  131-132,  figs.  49-50. 
Answer  to  letter  of  W.  S.  Barnard ;  quotes  from  3d  Ann.  Kept.  State  Ent. 
Mo.,  pp.  24-26 ;  habits  oi Sigalphus  curculionis  ;  habits,  varieties,  and  figures 
of  all  stages  of  the  same ;  food-habits  of  Semasia  [=  Grapholitha]  prunivora 
on  which  the  Sigai2)hus  is  parasitic. 

179G.  [RiLEi,  C.  v.]    Blister-beetles  from  New  Mexico.    <Amer.  Ent., 
May,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  132. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  M. ;  Macrobasis  albida  common  in  the  Southwest  and 
valuable  as  a  vesicant;  Diplotaxis  not  known  to  be  a  vesicant. 

1797.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Abnormal  cocoon.     <Amer.  Ent.,  May,  1880  [v. 

3],  n.  s.,  V.  1,  p.  132. 

Answer  to  letter  of  W.  S.  Barnard;  occurrence  of  Callosamia  [^  Attac%is'\ 
promcthea  and  Orgyia  antiqua  at  Ithaca,  N.  Y. ;  description  of  abnormal 
cocoon  of  the  latter  found  on  sugar-maple. 

1798.  [Riley,  C.  v.]     Insects  found  about  orange- trees.   <Amer.  Ent., 

May,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  132. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  S.  Barnwell ;  list  of  insects  from  Darien,  Ga. ;  most 
of  them  have  no  relation  to  orange  trees;  notes  on  Aphis  sp.,  Chilocorus 
biviilnerus,  Sgrphus  sp.,  Neodyhis  eriithrocephalus,  Drasferius  amabilis,  Plaiy- 
nus  punctiformis,  Forjicula  sp.,  GryllotaJpa  borealis,  and  Fsocm  venosus. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  253 

1799.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Luperus  brunneus,  Crotch.     <Amer.  Ent.,  May, 

1880,  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  132. 
LtipciHn  )ioxiiin  Riley  M8S.,  is  a  pale  form  of  L.  brunneus;  flescription  of  tbo 
typical  and  other  forms  of  the  same;  distiuctive  characters  of  L.  brutnttan 
and  L.  morulua  from  other  North  Americau  species  and  from  each  other ; 
characters  of  the  geuus  Calomicrua, 

1800.  [Riley,  0.  V.]    Professor  Riley  on  army- worms.    <N.  Y.  Weekly 

Suu,  20  June,  1880.     S.-b.  No.  2G,  p.  89. 
Interview  with  reporter;  summary  of  present  kuowledj^e  of  Lencania  uni- 
puncta. 

1801.  Riley,  C.  Y.    Cotton-caterpillars.    <Selma  [Ala.]  Times,  25  June, 

1880. 

1802.  Riley,  C.  V.     Notes  on  our  commoner  insects.     <Araer.  Ent., 

June,  1880  fv.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  133, 134,  figs.  51-52. 
Description  and  figures  of  larva,  pupa,  cocoon,  and  imago  of  Arctiu  [:= 
Pyrrharctia'\  isabella;  habits,  seasons,  food-plants,  parasites,  vernacular 
names  and  variations  of  the  same ;  figure  of  Ophion  macrurnm  ;  descriptions 
of  Ichneumon  cwruleus,  I.  signatipes,  and  Trogus  obsidianatov,  description  of 
larva  of  Eepantheria  scribonia. 

1803.  Riley,  C  ,  V.    The  white-grub  fungus.    < Amer.  Ent.,  June,  1880 

[v.  3],  n.  s.,  V.  1,  pp.  137-110,  figs.  53-55. 
Description  and  figures  of  Torrubia  ravenelii  and  of  its  fructification  ;  forms 
in  which  it  occurs  on  larvae  of  Lachnosterna  quercina  \_  =  fu8ca']  ;  list  of  some 
articles  upon  it;  its  synonymy  and  distribution  ;  listof  related  species  and 
their  distribution;  occurrence  of  related  species  on  other  insects. 

3804.  Riley,  C.  V.  The  true  and  the  bogus  Yucca  moth,  with  remarks 
on  the  pollination  of  Yucca.  <Amer.  Ent.,  June,  1880  [v.  3j,  n. 
s.,  V.  1,  pp.  141-145. 

History  of  observations  on  Prodoxus  decipiens;  habits,  jiarasite,  and  food- 
plants  of  the  same  ;  evolution  of  Prodoxus  and  Pronuba  ;  criiicism  of  errors 
resulting  from  mistaking  Prodoxus  deci2)iens  for  Pronuba  yuccasflla  ;  failure 
of  Yucca  angustifoUa  to  become  fertilized  in  the  absence  of  Pronuba  yucva- 
sella;  Hyponomeuta  quinquepunctella  Chamhers  is  the  same  as  Prorfoxus  de- 
cipieiis. 

1805.  [Riley,  C.V.j     Intermittance  of  phosphorescence  in  fire-flies. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  June,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  146. 

Criticismof  a  discussion  before  the  London  Entomological  Society;  the  winged 
imagos  of  Lampyrida-  can  intermit  their  light ;  the  larvaj  and  wingless 
imagos  can  suppress  iheir  light. 

1806.  [Riley,  C.  V.j     Grain  Aphis  vs. rust.     <Amer.  Ent.,  June,  1880 

[v.  3],  n.  s.,  V.  ],  p.  147. 

Ravages  of  Aphis  accnw  [Xectarophora  granaria'}  and  of  rust  on  wheat  and  oats 
in  Georgia  ;  the  work  of  aphides  promotes  the  growth  of  some  kinds  of 
rust. 

1807.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Mold  and  Phylloxera.    <Amer.  Ent.,  June,  1880 

[v.  3j,  n.  s.,  V.  1,  p.  147. 
Criticism  of  statements  by  Rommier;  developintnt  of  mycelium  on  phyllox- 
erized  roots  does  not  result  in  the  destruction  of  the  Phylloxera. 


254  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOG«Y. 

1808.  [Riley,  C.  v.]   Infecting  Phylloxera  with  fungus  disease.   <Amer. 

Ent,  June,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  148. 

Abstract  of  discussion,  at  meeting  of  Acaddmie  des  Sciences  de  Paris  on  tlie 
infection  of  Phylloxera  vastatrix  by  parasitic  fungi  ;  particular  fungi  infect 
oulj^  particular  insects;  method  of  experimentation  to  determine  whicli 
fungi  to  use  and  how  to  apply  them  ;  improbability  of  success  in  these  ex- 
periments. 

1809.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Fungus  in  Cicada.     <Amer.  Ent.,  June,  1880  [v. 

3],  n.  s.,  V.  1,  p.  148. 
Notice  of  C.  H.  Peck's  description  and  J.  Leidy's  note  on  Massospora  clcadiiia ; 
Cicada  [=  TiMcenI  septendecim  and  C.  [=  T.]  tredecim subject  to  the  attacks 
of  the  same. 

1810.  [Riley,  C  V.]     On  the  nature  of  the  phosphorescence  of  the  glo  w- 

worm.     <Amer.  Ent.,  June,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  148. 
Conclusions  drawn  by  Jousset  deBellesme;  probability  that  the  phosphor- 
escent substance  is  a  gaseous  product ;  nature  of  phosphorescence. 

1811.  [Riley,  G.  V.]     Death  of  mules  caused  by  insects.     <Amer.  Ent., 

June,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  148. 
About  (),00U  mules  reported  killed  in  the  Ouachita  Valley,  Louisiana,  by  the 
attacks  of  Simulium  sp. 

1812.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    [May  beetles  swarming  in  Alabama.]     <Ami'r. 

Ent.,  June,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  148. 
Abundance  and  ravages   of   Lachnosterna  querclna   \^^fu8ca']   on   oak-trccs 
around  Mobile,  Ala.,  in  May,  1880. 

1813.  [RiLEY,  C.  V.j     Fungus  diseases  of  beneficial  insects.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  June,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  149. 
Abstract  of  communication  by  C.  Brongniart  and  Max  Cornu  on  an  epizootic 
among  Syrphus  mellinus  caused  by  a  species  of  Entomopkthora;  almost  nil 
insecticides  liable  to  the  objection  that  they  kill  useful  as  well  as  uosioiis 
insects. 

1814.  [Riley,  C.  v.]     Early  appearance  of  cotton- worm.    <Amer.  Ent., 

June,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  149. 
Extracts  from  letter  of  J.  M.  Bell  and  from  the  Goliad  [Tex.]  Guard  and 
from  G.  Witting  on  the  date  of  appearance  of  Alefia  argillacea  \_=xylina^ 
in  Texas. 

1815.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    The  butterfly  tongue.     <Amer.  Ent.,  June,  1880 

[v.  3],  n.  s.,  V.  1,  p.  149. 
Notice  of  and  extract  from  paper  by  E.  Burgess  ;  conclusions  as  to  the  man- 
ner in  which  butterflies  imbibe  their  liquid  food. 

1816.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Cottony  maple  scale.     <Amer.  Ent.,  June,  1880 

[v.  3],  n.  s.,  V.  1,  p.  149. 
Notice  of  J.  D.  Putnam  on  Pulvinaria  innumerabilis. 

1817.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Necrological.     <Amer.  Ent.,  June,  1880  [v.  3],  n. 

s.,  V.  1,  p.  150. 

Obituary  notices  of  E.  A.  H.  v.  Kiesenwetter,  S.  C.  Snellen  van  Volleuhovon, 
and  F.  L.  de  Laporte. 

1818.  [RiLEY,  C.  v.]     Effects  of  severe  cold  on  insects.     <Amer.  Ent., 

June,  1880  [V.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  150. 
A  steady  even  if  severe  winter  not  prejudicial  to  insect  life. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  255 

1819.  [Riley,  C.V.J     Revision  of  the  Lamppidcc.    <ATner.  Ent.,  June, 

1880fv.  3],  n.  s.,  V.  l,p.  150. 
Notice  of  H.  S.  Gorham'a  work  ou  tho  Lampuriihv  aud  bis  rotiuest  for  addi- 
tional material. 

1820.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Apple-twig  borer.     <Amer.  Ent.,  June,  1880  [v. 

3],  u.  s.,  V.  1,  p.  151, 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  A.  S.  H. ;  occurrence  ui  Amphicerus  bicaudatua  ou  apple- 
trees  iu  Virginia. 

1821.  [RiLEY,C.V.]    Grape-vine  flea-beetle.     <Anu'r.  Ent.,  June,  1880 

[v.  3J,  n.  s.,  V.  1,  pp.  152-15.:>. 
Answer  to  letter  of  J.  Nilis;  ravages  oi"  Gniptodvra  \_—  llaltical^  chali/bca  on 
grape-vines  in  Pennsylvania. 

1822.  [RiLEY,  C.  v.]     Cyuipid  gall  on  oak  twigs.     <Amer.  Ent,  June, 

1880  [v.  3],  u.  s.,  V.  1,  J).  153,  tig.  5G. 
Answer  to  letter  of  J.  A.  Warder;  figure  of  gall  of  Cynips  (n.  sp.T)  from  twig 
of  Quercus  prinus  var.  acumitiata;  comparison  of  this  gall  with  that  of  C. 
[=  JndricMs]  q.-punctaia ;  the  flies  bred  from  these  galls  issue  in  spring  and 
are  all  females,  but  probably  have  a  bisexual  form  producing  a  different 
gall. 

1823.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     White-grub  fungus.     <Amer.  Ent.,  June,  1880 

[v.  31,  n.  s.,  V.  1,  p.  153. 

Answer  to  letter  of  H.  S.;  occurrence  of  Torrubia  ravenelii  at  lola,  Kans. 

1824.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Galerita  janus.    <Amer.  Ent.,  June,  1880  [v.  3J, 

n.  s.,  V.  1,  p.  153,  fig.  57. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  D.  M.  Fair;  distribution,  habitat,  transformations, 
and  seasons  of  Galerita  janus ;  figure  of  larva  of  G.  Iccoiitei. 

1825.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Not  Fuller's  rose-beetle.     <Anier.  Ent.,  June, 

1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  V.  1,  pp.  153-154,  fig.  58. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  Stewart ;  habits  and  synonymy  of  Agonoderus  comma 
l=pallipes']  ;  figure  of  the  same. 

182G.  [Riley,  0.  V.]    Not  Aletia  chrysalides.    <Amer.  Ent,  June, 
1880  [v.  3J,  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  154. 
Answer  to  letter  of  G.  P.  White;  ipupsb  of  Jgrotis  aaucia  from  cotton  fields; 
food-habits  of  larva;  ravages  of  Aletia  argillacca  l^xylina}  at  Brown  Sta- 
tion, Ala.,  in  August,  1879. 

1827.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Mud-wasp  and  parasite.     <Amer.  Ent.,  June, 

1880  [v.  3J,  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  154,  figs.  59-GO. 
Answer  to  inquiries  of  Mary  Treat ;  nidification  of  several  species  of  Odynerua  ; 
food-habits  of  O.  bircnimaculatua  ;  figure  of  0.  flavipea  aud  of  a  nest  of  Ody- 
nerua sp.;  figure  of  Cryptua  junceua. 

1828.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Monographs  again.     <Amer.  Ent.,  June,  1880, 

[v.  3],  n.  s.,  V.  1,  pp.  154-155. 
Answer  to  letter  of  C.  D.  Marsh;  references  to  works.       Elateridw,  Curculio- 
nidif  and  Coccidce. 

1829.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Rearing  wood-borers.     <Auier.  Ent.,  June,  1880 

[v.  3],  n.  s.,  V.  1,  p.  155. 
Answer  to  letter  of  W.  H.  Harrington;  directions  for  rearing  larvie   which 
bore  in  wood  or  under  bark. 


256  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1830.  Riley,  0.  V.    Oa  a  new  tiueid  genus  allied  to  Pronuha,  Riley. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  June,  1880,  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  155-150. 
Description  of  Prodoxus  n.  g.  [p.  155]  of  Tineina  and  of  larva,  pupa,  and 
imagos  of  P.  decipiens  n.  sp.  [p.  155]. 

1831.  Riley,  O.  V.     A  parasite  on  Prodoxus  decipiens.     <Amer.  Ent., 

June,  1880,  fv.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  156. 
Description  of  larva  and  imago  of  Exothecua prodoxl  n.  sp. ;    habits  of  larva. 

1832.  Riley,  C.  V.    How  to  manage  the  cotton-worm :    Suggestions  to 

cotton  planters.     <Farmer's  Review,  8  July,  1880.     S.-b.  I:fo. 
24,  p.  68. 

Means  against  Aletia  xylina. 

1833.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    The  cotton-worm  investigation.     <Selraa  [Ala.] 

Morning  Times,  21  July,  1880,  v.  55,  No.  190,  p.  3.     Reprint : 
<Amer.  Ent.,  August,  1880  [v.  3J,  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  197. 
List  of  persons  engaged  in  the  cotton- worm  investigation  ;  statement  of  work 
to  be  done  by  each. 

1834.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     A  foe  to  cotton  wood.     <Amer.  Ent.,  July,  1880 

[v.  3],  n.  s.,  V.  1,  pp.  159-161,  figs.  61-64.  Extract:  <Suppl. 
to  Amer.  Ent,  July,  1880,  p.  1. 
Description  of  egg,  larva,  and  imago  and  figures  of  all  stages  of  Melasoma 
[=  Hna'\  scripta ;  description  and  figures  of  variations  of  the  imago ;  habits, 
ravages,  seasons,  food-plants,  and  means  against  the  same ;  figure  of  M. 
[=i.]  lappon'ica  and  of  larva  of  M.  [=L.'\  pojyuli',  description  of  these 
larvae  and  of  that  of  M.  [=:£.]  tremulie;  food-plants  and  distribution  of 
these  species  ;  acquisition  of  new  habits  by  insects. 

1835.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    The  northern  army-worm.     <Amer.  Eut.,  July, 

1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  170-171,  figs.  72-75. 
Ravages  of  Leucania  unipuncta  in  1880;  natural  history,  means  against,  de- 
scription, and  figures  of  all  stages  of  the  same. 

1836.  [Riley,  C.  v.]    The  periodical  Cicada.     <Amer.  Ent..  July,  1880 

[v.  3],  n.  s.,  V.  1,  pp.  172-173,  fig.  76. 
Broods  of  Cicada  [^  Ti&icen]  septendecim  and  (7.  [=  T.]  tredecim  which  appear 

in  1880. 

1837.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Use  of  guano  for  grape  Phylloxera.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  July,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  173.     Reprint :    <Suppl.  to 
Amer.  Ent.,  July,  1880,  p.  2. 
Application  of  suljihide  of  carbon  with  infusorial  earth  or  guano. 

1838.  [Riley,  C.  v.]     Fertilizers  of  alpine  flowers.    <  Amer.  Ent.,  July, 

1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  175.    Reprint :  <Suppl.  to  Amer.  Ent., 
July,  1880,  p.  2. 
Relative  frequency,  according  to  H.  Miiller,  of  the  visits  of  insects  to  flowers 
in  high  alpine  regions  as  compared  with  such  visits  at  lower  levels. 

1839.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Carnivorous  habits  of  caddis-worms.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  July,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  176. 
Notice  of  paper  by  G.  C.  Goody. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OP    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY:  257 

1840.  [Riley,  C.  V.j    Deveiopmeot  of  the  eyes  and  liimiuosity  in  the 

fireflies.     <Amer.  Eut.,  July,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p!  176. 
Abstract  of  H.  S.  Gorhaui's  observations. 

1841.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]    Grape  Phylloxera  not  at  the  Cape.     <Amer. 

Eiit.,  July,  1880  [v.  3],  ii.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  176.     Reprint :  <Suppl.  to 
Anier.  Eut.,  July,  1880,  p.  1. 
Examiuatiou  of  roots  of  unhealthy  vines  by  R.  McLachlau  and  R.  Trimen 
show  that  the  disease  of  the  vines  is  not  caused  by  rhylloxera  vaatatrix. 

1842.  [Riley,  C.  Y.J     [Bill  providing  for  the  extermination  of  insects.] 

< Amer.  Eut.,  July,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  170-177. 
Text  of  and  comments  ou  a  bill  introduced  into  the  California  Assembly,  pro- 
viding for  the  esterminatiou  of  insects. 

1843.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     [Appropriation  for  the  U.  S.  Entomological  Com- 

mission.]    <Amer.  Ent.,  July,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  ji.  177. 

Notice  of  the  appropriation  by  Congress  of  $25,000  for  completing  the  work 
of  the  U.  S.  Entomological  Commission. 

1844.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     Pronuba  vs.  Prodoxus.     <Amer.  Ent.,  July, 

1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  177-178. 

Comments  on  letter  of  V.  T.  Chambers. 

1845.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]    Interesting  cotton-worm  notes  from  Yera  Cruz, 

Mexico.  <Amer.  Ent.,  July,  1880  [v.  3],  u.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  179.  Re- 
print with  slight  omission :  <Suppl.  to  Amer.  Ent,  July,  1880, 
p.  3. 

Letters  from  S.  T.  Trowbridge  and  R.  de  Zayas  Enriquez,  with  notes  on  the 
irregular  occurrence  of  Aletia  argillacea  \_^=xylitia'\  in  Vera  Cruz. 

1840.  [Riley,  C.  Y.J  Clover  root  borer.  <Amer.  Ent.,  July,  1880 
[v.  3],  n.  8.,.  V.  1,  pp.  179-180,  fig.  81.  Reprint:  <Suppl.  to 
Amer.  Ent.,  July,  1880,  p.  4.  See :  <Prairie  Farmer,  31  July, 
1880.  S.-b.  ifo.  45,  p.  15. 
Answer  to  letter  of  W.  A.  Henry ;  description  and  figures  of  larva,  papa, 
and  imago  of  Hylesinus  trifolii;  ravages,  habits,  and  means  against  the 
same. 

1847.  [Riley,  C.  Y.J     Mud-wasp  and  spider  egg-nest.    <Amer.  Ent., 

July,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  180,  figs.  82-84.  . 
Answer  to  letter  of  Mary  Treat ;  figures  of  cells  and  of  imago  of  Eumenea  fra- 
/ern«,  which  stores  its  cells  with  larvic  of  Pahacrita  rernata;  figure  and 
descriptions  of  egg-nests  of  Epeira  sp. 

1848.  [Riley,  C.  Y.J     Worm  in  joints  of  wheat.    <Amer.  Ent.,  July, 

1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  180-181,  fig.  So.  Reprint:  <Suppl. 
to  Amer.  Ent.,  July,  1880,  p.  4. 

Answer  to  letter  of  J.  K.  P.  Wallace;  ravages  of  an  unknown,  apparently 
hymenopterous,  larva  in  wheat  stalks ;  figure  of  larva  and  pupa  of  Meromyza 
americana  and  of  stalks  injured  by  the  same. 

1849.  [Riley,  C.  V.J     Linden  and  ash  destroyers.     <Amer.  Ent.,  July, 

1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  181.     Reprint:  <Suppl.  to  Amer.  Ent., 
July,  1880,  p.  4. 
17  ent 


258  BIBLIOGRAPHY   OF   ECONOMIC   ENTOMOLOGY. 

1849.  EiLEY,  C.  v.— Continued. 

Answer  to  letter  of  Shelby  Reed ;  season  of  appearance  of  Odontota  rubra  on 
Tilia;  larvae  of  Hyphantria  textor  [=cHnea]  feeding  on  the  same;  Saperda 
calcarata  boring  in  poplar,  and  an  unknown  larva  {NeocUjtus  caprceaf)  bor- 
ing in  black-ash. 

1850.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Larva  boring  along  the  axis  of  apple-twigs. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  July,  18S0  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  181. 
Answer  to  letter  of  T.  V.  Munson;  twigs  of  apple-trees  bored  by  larvte  of 
Oberea  sp. ? 

1851.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Aquatic  larvse.    <Amer.  Ent.,  July,  1880  [v.  3], 

n.  s.,  V.  1,  p.  181. 
Answer  to  letter  of  S.  A.  Forbes;    larvaj  of  Anax  Junius  and  PaluKjenla 
\j=  Rexagenia'\  6j7inea/a  named ;  the  latter  common  in  the  stomach  of  fishes. 

1852.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     First  appearance  of  cotton-worm  in  prairie  belt. 

Amer.  Ent.,  July,   1880  [v.  3J,  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  181.     Reprint: 
<Suppl.  to  Amer.  Ent.,  July,  1880,  pp.  3-4. 

Answer  to  letter  of  J.  F.  Bailey ;  larvae  of  Aletia  argillacea  [=x^Zi»a]  appear 
first  on  lands  where  the  cotton  is  luxuriant. 

1853.  [Riley,  C.  V.j     (tj/H^ms  larva ;  terrestrial  insects  in  stomach  of 

shad.     <Amer.  Ent.,  July,  1880  [v.  3J,  u.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  182. 
Answer  to  letter  of  S.  A.  Forbes;  character  of  latva  of  Gyrinus;  a  mass  of 
terrestrial  insects  including  TypMocyba  vitis'?  a  muscid,  a  Eurytomid,  Jassus 
sp.,  Triphlcps  insidiosus,  and  other  species  from  the  stomach  of  Ohio  shad. 

1854.  Riley,  0.  V.     Further  remarks  on  the  differences  between  Pro- 

miba  and  Frodoxus.    <Amer.  Ent.,  July,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v:  1, 
p.  182. 

Differences  between  Pronuba  yuccasella  and  Frodoxus  dedpiens  in  the  form, 
sculpture,  and  color  ot  the  terminal  joint,  and  of  the  ovipositor. 

1855.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     The  grape-vine  flea-beetle,  Graptodera  chalyhea 

lllig.    <Amer.  Ent.,  August,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  183- 
184,  fig.  86. 
Habits,    seasons,   ravages  of,   and    means  against  Grapfodera  \_^=  RalticaJ 
chalybea;  figures,  injured  leaf,  and  larvse,  cocoon,  and  imago  of  the  same. 

1856.  Riley,  C.  V.     Further  notes  and  observations   on  the   army- 

wormi  <Amer.  Ent.,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1:  August,  pp.  184, 
185;  Sei)tember,  pp.  214,  215.  Reprint,  with  changes :  <Sci. 
Amer.,  4  September  [v.  57J,  n.  s.,  v.  43,  p.  152.  S.-b.  ^o.  23, 
pp.  161-162. 
Progress  of  knowledge  upon  the  number  of  annual  generations  of  Leucania 
unipuncta  ;  stages  of  growth  at  which  it  hibernates;  the  destructive  gen- 
eration probably  not  the  first  of  the  season ;  explanation  of  the  partial 
efficacy  of  the  burning  of  fields  in  winter  as  a  means  against  this  insect; 
connection  of  wet  and  dry  seasons  with  its  increase ;  its  natural  habits; 
errors  of  A.  Fitch. 

1857.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Sprinklers  and  atomizers.     <Amer.  Ent.,  1880 

[v.  3],  n.  s.,  V.  1;  August,  pp.  185-189,  figs.  87-98;  September, 
pp.  211-214,  figs.  111-117. 
Extracts  from   pp.  56-5T  and  reprint  of  pp.  85-94  of  Bull.  No.  3,  U.S.  Ento- 
mological Commission.    See  No,  1736  for  synopsis  of  contents. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  259 

1858.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    The  use  of  pyretbrum.     <Amer.   Ent,  August, 

1880  [v.  3],  u.  s.,  V.  1,  pp.  193-195. 
Reconl  of  ox|>eriinents  by  \V.  A.  Henry  upon  the  efifect  of  Pyrethrum  powder 
on  JIalthiihv,  Meluida;  I'inin  rajxr,  Coreiis  l=Aiiasa']  triads,  and  Blattidce; 
aud  of  (be  fumes  of  bizruiug  pyretbrum  on  various  insects. 

1859.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     [Colorado  potato-beetle  iu  New  Hampshire.] 

<Amer.  Eut.,  August,  1880  [v.  3],  u.  s.,  v.  1,  i).  195. 
Ravages  of  Duryphora  lO-lineata  in  Coos  County,  N.  H.,  in  1^79. 

18G0.  |RiLEY',  C.V.]     Retarded  development  in  a  blister-beetle.  <Amer. 
Ent.,  August,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  19G. 
Final  transformations  of  individuals  from  a  single  batcb  of  eggs  of  Epicauta 
rittata  occurring  at  the  first,  second,  and  third  year  after  hatcbiug. 

1801.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Ox-eye  daisy  as  an  insecticide.     <Amer.  Eut., 
August,  1880  [v.  3j,  u.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  190. 
Experiments  by  W.  S.  Barnard  npou  the  effect  of  alcoholic  extracts  of  the 
flowers  and  stems  of  the  ox-eye  daisy  on  insects  ;  ''no  evidence  that  they 
will  prove  of  any  practical  value." 

1862.  [Riley,  C.  v.]     Directions  for  raising  pyrethrum.    <Amer.  Eut., 
August,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  197. 
Directions  for  sowing  the  seeds  and  cultivating  the  plants  of  pyrethrum. 
1^63.  [RiLEY,  C.  v.]     State  Entomologist  for  New  York.     <Amer. 
Eut.,  August,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  197, 198. 
Notice  of  the  appointment  of  J.  A.  Lintner  as  State  Entomologist  of  New 
York. 

1804.  [RiLEY",  C.  Y.]     Economic  investigations  in  the  South  and  West. 
<Amer.  Eut.,  August,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  198. 
Meeting  of  the  U.  S.  Entomological  Commission ;  plan  of  work  to  be  done  in 
lcJ80-1881 ;  partial  list  of  persons  engaged  in  the  work. 

1865.  [RiLEY,  C.  Y.]     [Number  of  entomologists  in  Europe.]    <Amer. 

Ent.,  August,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  198. 
Tabulation  of  the  number  of  entomologists  of  the  several  countries  of  Europe. 

1866.  [RiLEY,  C.  Y.]     [Catalogus  coleopterorum  by  Gemmiuger  and 

Harold.]     <Amer.  Ent.,  August,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  199. 
Commendation  of  the  above  work  and  of  the  supplementary  list  of  Elateridce 
by  E.  Candezer  need  of  co-operation  for  the  completion  of  the  whole  cata* 
logue. 

1867.  [RiLEY,  C.Y.]     Caruivorouspropensityot  plant-feeders.    <Anier. 

Ent.,  August,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  j).  200. 
LarviE  of  Pluaia  hrasaictv  devour  those  of  Pieris  mpw  and  I'ionea  rimoaalia  iu 
default  of  more  natural  food. 

1868.  [RiLEY,  C.  Y.]     Beetles  injuring  cabbages  and  fuchsias.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  August,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  200,  fig.  106. 
Answer  to  letter  of  G.  T. ;  ravages,    distribution,  and  figures  of  Epiarrua 
imbricatua;  description  of  eggs,  ravages,  food-plants,  aud  means  against 
Grapiodera  \_  =  Haliica'\  crhiata. 

1869.  [RiLEY,  C.  Y.]     Spider  and  nest.     <Amer.  Ent.,  August,  1880, 

[v.  3],  n.  s.,  V.  1,  p.  200. 
Answer  to  letter  of  Mrs.  J.  B.  Harrison  ;  distribution  and  distinctive  charac- 
ters of  Jcroaoma  vkllatum. 


260  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OP   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1870.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Damage  to  wheat :   Worm  boring  in  the  stalk. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  August,  1880  [v.  3],  u.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  201. 
Answer  to  letter  of  A,  R.  Frost ;  food-plants  and  ravages  of  larva  and  figure 
of  larva  and  imago  of  Gortyna  nitela. 

1871.  [Riley,  C.  v.]     Larvte  from  stomach  of  blue-bird.    <Amer.  Ent., 

August,  1880  [v.  3J,  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  201. 
Answer  to  letter  of  S.  A.  Forbes ;  larva  of  Meracantha  contracta  and  of  Calli- 
morpha  sp.  from  stomach  of  blue-bird ;  liabita  and  characters  of  the  same. 

1872.  [Riley,   C.   V.]     Butterfly  larva  injurious  to  cotton  squares. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  August,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  201. 
Answer  to  letter  of  B.  F.  Cooke:  larva  of  Tliecla  (pceas^)  feeding  on  leaves 
and  bolls  of  cotton-plant;  a  species  of  Microgaster  parasitic  in  the  larva. 

1873.  [Riley,  C.  V.J     Cut- worms  from  stomach  of  robin.     <Amer.  Ent., 

August,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  201. 
Answer  to  letter  of  S.  A.  Forbes ;  larvse  of  Agrotis  (messorial)  from  stomach 
of  robin  ;  Agrotis  cochrani^^A.  messoria. 

1874.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Large  phosphorescent  larva.     <Amer.  Ent.,  Au- 

gust, 1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  201-202,  fig.  108. 
Answer  to  letter  of  S.  F.  Clarke  ;  occurrence  in  Maryland  and  Missouri  of  a 
luminous  larva(J7'f?aHflc/essp.  1)[^^=  Phengodes  8p.'\ ;  figures  of  the  larva,  of  its 
head  and  leg  enlarged  and  of  its  probable  parent;  occurrence  in  the  more 
northern  States  of  a  similar  larva,  probably  that  oi  AsapJies  memnoniua. 

1875.  Riley,  C.  V.    Worms  injuring  wheat.    <Amer.  Ent.,  August, 

1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  202. 
Answer  to  letter  of  J.  Monaghan  ;  ravages  of  larva  of  Meromyza  americana. 

1876.  Riley,  C.V.  Ash-root  borer:  Supposed  eggsofOfZowfo^a.  <Amer. 

Ent.,  August,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  202-203. 
Answer  to  letter  of  Shelby  Reed  ;  habits  and  ravages  of  Parandra  brunnea; 
Pimpla  sp.  parasitic  upon  its  larva;  probable  manner  in  which  the  eggs  of 
Odontota  rubra  are  laid. 

1877.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Army- worm  notes  and  inquiries:  Its  work  on 

ciover.     <Amer.  Ent.,  August,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  203. 
Answer  to  letter  of  L.  T.   Derousse ;   Lcucania  unipuucta  frequently  leaves 
clover-plants  untouched  while  eating  the  grasses  growing  with  the  clover, 
but  under  some  circumstances  destroys  young  clover-plants. 

1878.  [Riley,  C.  V,]     Ichneumon  from  stomach  of  bluebird.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  August,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1.  p.  203. 
Answer  to  letter  of  S.  A.  Forbes ;  Lampronotas^.  eaten  in  quantity  by  blue- 
birds. 

1879.  [Riley,  0.  Y.]    Leaf  miner  on  white  oak.    <Amer.  Ent.,  August, 

1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  203. 
Answer  to  letter  of  E.  W.  Claypole;  description,  habits,  and  ravages  of  Litho- 
coUetis  cincinnatiella. 

1880.  [Riley,  0.  V.]    Screw-worm :  Its  parentage  in  doubt.    <Amer. 

Ent.,  August,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  203. 
Answer  to  letter  of  A.  R.  Kilpatrick:  Lucilia  maceUaria  supposed  to  be  the 
parent  of  the  "screw- worm";  food-habits  of  certain  MuscidcB. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  261 

1881.  [Riley,  C.  v.]    Silk  culture:  How  to  dispose  of  cocoons.  <Ainer. 

Eut.,  August,  1880  |v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  203-201. 
Auswer  to  letter  of  C.  F.  Durksen  ;  need  of  silk-tilatures  iu  the  United  States; 
present  means  of  selling  cocoons. 

1882.  [RiLEY,  C.  V.J     Best  cottou-worm  destroyer.     <Amer.  Ent.,  Au- 

gust, 1880  [v.  3],  11.  s.,  V.  1,  p.  204. 
Answer  to  letter  of  J.  G.  Dauterive  ;  reference  to  the  most  reliable  poison  and 
the  best  machines  and  methods  for  applying  poison  to  kill  Jletia  argillacea 

1883.  [RiLEY,  C.  Y.J    Twice-Stabbed  lady-bird.     <Amer.  Ent.,  August, 

1880  [v.  3J,  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  201,  fig.  109. 
Answer  to  letter  of  H.  N.  Patterson;   CoccineUida-  beneficial  by  feeding  on 
Aphididw  and  Coccida-;  figure  of  Chilocorm  bivulnenis;  significance  of  the 
presence  of  this  beetle  in  large  numbers  on  trees. 

1881.  [RiLEY,  C.  V.J  Pseudo-scorpion.  <Amer.  Eut.,  August,  1880 
[v.  3J,  n.  s.,  V.  1,  p.  204. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  C.  H.  S.  Davis ;  habitats  and  food-habits  of  Cheli/er  can- 
croides  and  other  Chernetidw. 

1885.  [Riley,  C.  V.J  Bluebirds  feeding  on  parasitic  and  predaceous 
insects.  <Amer.  Ent,  August,  1880  [v.  3J,  n.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  204- 
205. 

Answer  to  letter  of  S.  A.  Forbes ;  bluebirds  more  destructive  to  parasitic  and 
predaceous  insects  than  the  thrushes;  percentage  of  such  food  found  iu  the 
stomachsof  the  bluebird;  larv*  of  Z,e«caH(«  unipuiicta,  Ttlephorushilineatua, 
and  Xephelodes  violans  eaten  by  the  same;  probable  hibernation  of  the  first 
named  ;  habits,  hibernation,  distribution,  and  popular  name  of  the  Nephelo- 
des. 

188G.  Riley,  C.V.  The  cotton  destroyers.  <yew  Orleans  Democrat,  21 
September,  1880,  v.  5,  Ko.  276,  p.  8.  S.-b.  Xo.  23,  pp.  170-173. 
Reprint:  <Selma  [Ala.J  Times,  29  September,  1880.  <South- 
ern  Enterprise  [Atlanta,  Ga.J,  December,  1880,  v.  5,  pp.  77-82. 
S.-b.  No.  23,  pp.  184-189;  No.  61,  pp.  3-5;  No.  63,  pp.  57-59; 
60-02.  Reprint,  with  slight  changes:  <Proc.  Auier.  Assoc. 
Adv.  Sci.  for  1880,  14  October,  1881,  v.  29,  pp.  642-649.  Sepa- 
rate: <Salem,  July,  1881,  pp.  26-33.  Extract:  <Sci.  Amer.,  16 
October,  1880  [v.  57J,  u.  s  ,  v.  43,  p.  241.  S.-b.  No.  23,  pp.  159- 
160.  <Amer.  Ent.,  October,  1880  [v.  3J,  n.  s..  v.  1,  pp.  245-247. 
<Praifie  Farmer,  30  October,  1880,  v.  51,  No.  44,  p.  2.  S.-b.  No. 
23,  p.  153.  Abstract:  <Farmer's  Review,  7  October,  1880.  S.-b. 
No.  23,  pp.  102-163.  <Jouru.  Appl.  Sci.,  November,  1880,  v. 
11,  pp.  170-171. 
Facts  and  principles  established  by  the  U.  S.  Entomological  Commission,  ap- 
plicable to  the  whole  cotton  belt,  regarding  the  times  and  manner  of  first 
appearance  of  Aletia  arrjiUacea  [=:x»//ina]  and  IlcJiothix  armigira  upon  the 
cotton-plant;  habits  of  the  larvae  and  imagos  and  the  best  means  of  de- 
stroying the  same;  relative  efficacy  of  several  insecticides;  methods  of 
preparing  and  applying  the  same;  importance  of  early  poisoning ;  main 
object  of  the  cotton-worm  inquiry  accomplished. 


262  BIBLIOGRAPHY   OF   ECONOMIC   ENTOMOLOGY. 

1887.  [EiLEY,  C.  v.]  The  use  of  poisons  to  destroy  insects.  <Farmer^s 
Keview,  23  September,  1880,  v.  5,  p.  200.  S.-b.  No.  23,  pp. 
148-149;  165-166.  Reprint:  <Amer.  Ent.,  October,  1880  [v. 
3],  D.  s.,  V.  1,  p.  244 
Advocacy  of  the  use  of  Paris  green  and  London  purple  as  means  against  cer- 
tain insects ;  danger  of  the  use  of  the  same  against  many  insects ;  criticism 
of  A.  J.  Cook's  recommendation  for  their  use  against  Paria  aterrima  and 
Carpocapsa  pomoneUa  ;  limitations  within  which  they  may  be  used. 

1S88.  [EiLEY,  C.  v.]  Supplementary  instructions  to  agents  of  the 
United  States  Entomological  Commission.  <Amer.  Ent.,  Sep- 
tember, 1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  218. 
Call  for  experiments  to  ascertain  the  minimum  quantity  of  poisons  which  can 
be  used  eifectually  against  ^ieiia  ar^iiZacea  [=x]/?i»ia];  effect  of  poisons 
on  the  several  stages  of  this  insect ;  food-plants,  parasites,  and  enemies  of 
the  same  ;  effect  of  yeast  ferment  upon  it. 

1889.  Riley,  C.  V.    Dimorphism  in  locusts  {Acrididce).     <Amer.  Ent., 

September,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  219-220. 
Review  of  paper  by  S.  H.  Scudder ;  certain  forms  described  as  species  of 
Pezotettix  are  dimorphic  forms  of  Caloptenus ;  extract  from  8th  Ann.  Rept. 
State  Ent.  Mo.,  1876,  p.  llf). 

1890.  [Riley,  0.  V.]     A  scale  insect  on  maple  hitherto  unobserved  by 

American  entomologists.     <Amer.  Ent.,  September,  1880  [v. 
3],  n.  s.,  V.  1,  pp.  220-221. 
Notice  of  paper  by  Miss  E.  A.  Smith,  with  emended  reprint  of  a  portion  of  the 
same  ;  habits,  colors,  and  behavior  of  young  larvae  and  transformations  of 
the  male  of  Pseudococcus  aceris. 

1891.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     How  flight  in  insects  is  directed.     <Amer.  Ent., 

September,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  221. 
Abstract  of  paper  by  Jousset  de  Bellesme  ;  direction  of  flight  not  determined 
by  the  motion  of  the  wings,  but  principally  by  the  displacement  of  the 
center  of  gravity,  resulting  from  the  changes  of  position  of  other  parts  of 
the  body. 

1892.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Entomological  work  at  the  Department  of  Agri- 

culture.   <Amer.  Ent.,  September,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  222. 
Notice  of  the  continuation  of  the  appropriations  by  Congress  for  field-work 
and  experiments  in  the  entomological  division  of  the  U.  S.  Department  of 
Agriculture. 

]  893.  [Riley,  C.  V.J     Entomological  papers  read  before  the  A.  A.  A.  S. 
<Amer.  Ent.,  September,  1880  [v.  3],  u.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  223. 
Titles  of  twenty-eight  [28]  papers  read  at  the  Boston  meeting. 

1894.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     Entomologists  at  Boston.     <Amer.  Ent.,  Sep- 

tember, 1880  [y.  3J,  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  223. 
Notice  of  the  29th  meeting  of  the  A.  A.  A.  S.  at  Boston,  August-September, 

1880. 

1895.  Riley,  0.  V.     Winged  Phylloxera  in  California.     <Amer.  Ent., 

September,  1880  [v.  3],  u.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  224-225. 

,  Letter  from  J.  S.  Hyde,  with  remarks;  extracts  from  papers  by  E.  W.  Hil- 
gard  ;  winged  fertile  females  ot  Phylloxera  tiastatrix  found  in  California ; 
local  evidence  of  the  spread  of  this  insect;  means  of  eradicating  the  same. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY   OP   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  263 

18%.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     Worm  infesting  meal  sacks.     <Amer.  Ent.,  Sep- 
tember, 1880  [v.  oj,  n.  s.,  V.  1,  p.  229. 
Answer  to  letter  t»t'  J.  Grccuwood,  jr.  ;  (k-scriptiou  of  larva  and  iniajjo  of 
Kphtstia  zeco  {_=interpunctdla'\  ;  food-habit8  of  the  larva. 

1897.  [Riley,  C.  V.J    Uesperid  larva  feeding  on  Cann«.    <Amer.  Ent., 

September,  1880  [v.  3],  u.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  229. 
Answer  to  letter  of  N.  S.  Reed  ;  occurrence  of  Pamphila  ethliuH  in  Illinois  and 
South  Carolina;  ita larva  injurious  to  Canna  JIaccida. 

1898.  [Riley,  C.  v.]    Grape-vine  apple-gall.    <Amer.  Ent.,  September, 

1880  [v.  3],  u.  s.,  V.  1,  p.  229,  fig.  119. 

Answer  to  letter  of  A.  R.  McCutchen  ;  occurrence  of  Cecidomyia  ?  rilix-pDuntm 
and  of  Cahsoma  scrutator  in  Georgia;  iigures  gall  of  the  tirst  named;  food- 
habits  of  the  Calosoma. 

1899.  [Riley,  C.  v.]    Apple-tree  plant-lice  in  Oregon.,  <Amer.  Ent., 

September,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  229-230. 
Answer  to  letter  of  H.  B.  May;  occurrence  and  ravages  of  J|)/i  is  nia/j  ?  in 
Oregon  ;  means  against  the  same. 

1900.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Phylloxera  work.   Wood-lice  on  grape-vine  roots. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  September,  1880  [v.  3J,  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  230. 
Answer  to  letter  of  H.  B.  Trimble;  occurrence  of  Pliylloxera  rastatrix  atWeat 
Chester,  Pa.;  roots  of  grape-vines  destroyed  from  unknown  cause,  perhaps 
by  young  of  Phyhscia  or  Porcellio. 

1901.  EiLEY,  C.  V.     New  hickory  galls  made  by  Phylloxera.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  September,  18^0  [v.  3],  u.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  230. 
Description  of  Phylloxera  earyw-scissan.  sp.  and  P.  carya'-aveUana  n.  sp.  from 
Florida;  larva  oi Diplosis  found  in  the  galls. 

1902.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    Food-habits  of  the  longicorn  beetles  or  wood-borers. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1 ;  October,  pp.  237-239 ;  No- 
vember, pp.  270-271. 
Food-plants  and  food-habits  of  the  Prionidw  and  Cerambycidw  of  the  United 
States. 

1903.  [Riley,  C.  v.]    Additional  experiments  with  Pyrethrum.  <Amer. 

Ent.,  October,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  242. 
Details  of  experiments  made  by  H.  G.  Hubbard  on  the  effect  of  very  minute 
quantities  of  Pyrethrum  powder  on  very  young  larvx  of  Aletia  aryillacea 
[^^xylina']. 

1904.  [PtiLEY,  C.  Y.J    A  new  enemy  to  the  strawberry.     <Amer.  Ent., 

October,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  242-243,  fig.  121. 
Review  of  paper  by  A.  J.  Cook ;  extracts  fronj  tbo  same ;  description  and 
habits  of  larva  and  imago  of  Paria  aterrhna  ;  means  a^'ainst  the  imago; 
habits  of  larva  of  Colaspin  jlavida ;  figure  of  the  same  ;  number  of  segments 
and  spiracles  in  larvji;  of  Coleoptera. 

1005.  [Riley,  0.  Y.J    A  new  enemy  to  corn :  The  long-homed  Diabrotka. 
<Amer.  Ent,  October,  1880  [v.  3J,  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  247. 
Notice  of  recent  articles  on  the  ravages  of  the  larva  of  Diabrotica  longicomi»; 
food-habits  and  n>eans  against  the  same;  food-luibits  of /^rnsftrJHS  amabiltH. 

190G.  [Riley,  C.  Y.J    Phylloxera  congress  in  Spain.  <Amer.  Ent.,  Octo- 
ber, 1880  [v.  3J,  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  247. 
Notice  of  a  congress  to  be  held  in  S|)aiu  to  consider  all  topics  connected  with 
the  ravages  oi Phylloxera  vaatatrix. 


264  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF   ECONOMIC   ENTOMOLOGY. 

1907.  [Riley,  C.  V.]  The  grape  Phylloxera  not  permanently  destrucHve. 

< Amer.  Eut.,  October,  1880  [v.  3J,  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  248. 
Recovery  of  grape-vines  formerly  injured  by  Phylloxera  vastatrix  in  California 
and  Missouri ;  belief  that  in  Europe  grape-vines  will  be  grown  again  on 
the  lands  of  late  years  ravaged. 

1908.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Sale  of  silk- worm  eggs.    <Amer.  Ent.,  October, 

1880  [v.  3],  u.  s.,  V.  1,  p.  248. 
$6,000,000  worth  of  silk-worm  eggs  sent  from  Japan  to  France  via  San  Fran- 
cisco in  each  of  the  four  years  1874-1877. 

1909.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]    [Death  of  S.  S.  Haldeman.]    <Amer.  Ent.,  Oc- 

tober, 1880  [v.  3J,  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  248. 
Obituary  notice. 

1910.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     [Retirement  of  Mr.  Fuller.]     <Amer.  Ent.,  Oc- 

tober, 1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  248. 
Announcement  of  the  retirement  of  A.  S.  Fuller  as  assistant  editor  of  the 
American  Entomologist. 

1911.  [RiLEY,  C.  Y.]     Insect  enemies  of  growing  rice.    <Amer.  Ent., 

October,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  253. 
Answer  to  letters  of  J.  L.  Leconte  and  J.  Screven ;  ravages  of  and  means 
against  the  "grub"  [^=^  Chalepus  trachypygu8'\  and  the  "maggot"  [_^=Lis- 
sorhoptrus  simplex']  in  rice  fields  in  Georgia. 

1912.  [RiLEY,  O.  Y.]     Blind-eyed  Smerinthus.    <Amer.  Ent.,  October 

1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  254. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  Mrs.  J.  B.  Harrison  ;  occurrence  at  lamp-light  in  N.  H. 
of  Smerinthus  exccecatus;  food-plant  of  the  larva  of  the  same. 

1913.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]    White  waxy  secretion  on  stems  of  bitter-sweet. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  October,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  254. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  A.  Lintuer;  method  of  oviposition  and  characters 
of  egg-mass  of  Enehophylliun  \j:=  Enchenopa']  binotaia;  seasons,  habits,  and 
food-plants  and  description  of  the  eggs  of  the  same. 

1914.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]  Prickly-ash  larva:  Tachinid  eggs.    <Amer. Ent., 

October,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  254. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  R.  W.  Jones;  larva  of  Papilio  eresphontes  on  prickly- 
ash  ;  eggs  of  Tachina  sp.  on  larva  of  Jletia  argillacea  l=zxylina'\. 

1915.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]    Worms  on  cabbage:  Boll-worm  feeding  on  leaf. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  October,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  254. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  R.  W.  Jones  ;  food-habits  of  larvte  of  Reliothis  armigera 
and  of  Pionea  rimosalis. 

1916.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]    Buggy  peas.    <Amer.  Ent.,  October,  1880  [v.  3], 

n.  s.,  V.  1,  p.  254. 
Answer  to  letter  of  A.  Berger ;  abundance  of  Bruchus  pisi  in  Wisconsin  ;  means 
against  it. 

1917.  Riley,  C.  Y.    Glow-worm.    <Amer.  Ent.,  October,  1880  [v.  3], 

n.  s.,  V.  1,  p.  254,  fig.  123. 
Answer  to  letter  of  J.  J.  Dean  ;  occurrence  of  larva  of  Photuris  pennsylvanica 
at  Chatham,  N.  J. ;  figures  larva  and  imago  of  the  same  :  larva  and  imago 
of  Photinus  pyralis,  also  luminoits;  males  and  females  of  these  species 
winged ;  female  of  Lampyris  noctiluca  wingless  and  more  luminous  than  the 
male. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  265 

1918.  [Riley,  C.  v.]     The  use  of  fiiiif;u.s  oro\vtlis  to  destroy  insects. 

<Amer/Eut.,  November,  1880  [v.  3],  ii,  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  lm;!)-i>70. 

Abstract  of  paper  by  A.  N.  Preutiss;  the  coustant  presi-nco  of  spores  of  fungi 
in  the  air  vitiates  the  value  of  most  exporimeuts  on  the  application  of  the 
fungi  to  insects;  insects  rarely  affected  by  the  spores  which  are  in  the  air 
while  the  plants  are  more  so  affected;  yeast  moi'e  injurious  mechanically 
than  infectiously. 

1919.  [Riley,  C.  v.]    New  species  of  scale  insects.    <Amer.  Eut.,  No- 

vember, 1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  275-276. 
Review  of  paper  by  W.  H.  Ashmead  on  the  red  scale. 

1920.  [Riley,  0.  V.]     Remedy  for  cabbage  worms.     <Amer.  Ent.,  No- 

vember, 1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  276. 
Pyrethrum  powder  the  most  satisfactory  means  against  all  larvte  affecting 
the  leaves  of  cabbage. 

1921.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Pyrethrum  for  the  screw- worm.    <Amer.  Ent., 

November,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  276. 
Notice  of  paper  by  A.  R.  Kirkpatrick ;  directions  for  the  use  of  pyrethrum 
powder  against  the  "screw-worm"  [^=  Lucilia  tn((ceUana'\;  objections  to 
the  use  of  other  remedies. 

1922.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     Oviposition  in  the  Tortricidcc.    <Amer.  Ent. 

November,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  ],  p.  276. 
Notice  of  and  extract  from  paper  by  C.  H.  Fernald. 

3923.  [Riley,  C.  V.]  About  Phora  being  merely  a  scavenger  and  not 
a  true  parasite.  <Amer.  Ent.,  November,  1880  [v.  3J,  n.  s.,  v. 
1,  p.  277. 

Letter  from  C.  R.  Osten  Sacken,  with  remarks  ;  Phora  alct'Kv  not  a  parasite ; 
oviposition  and  habits  of  larva  of  the  same. 

1924.  [Riley,  C.  v.]     Gall  on  Solidago  leaves.     <Amer.  Ent,  Novem- 

ber, 1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  278. 
Answer  to  letter  of  H.  Barnes  ;  occurrence  of  galls  of  CccidonvjUi  carboni/era 
on  leaves  of  Solidago  nemoraUn  1  at  Mulberry  CoriitT^,  Ohio. 

1925.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Oak  gall :  Cyni2)s  q.decidua  Bass.     <Amer.  Ent.', 

November,  1880  [v.  3],  u.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  278. 

Answer  to  letter  of  J.  Schonck  ;  galls  of  Cynips  q.  dccidua  1  found  on  leaves  of 
Quercus  muhlenbergii  at  Mount  Carmel,  111. 

1926.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Insects  from  stomach  of  lark,  robin,  and  sunfish. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  November,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  278. 
Answer  to  letter  of  S.  A.  Forhea ;  Dij)lotaxi8  sordida  from  stomach  of  meadow- 
lark  ;  egg  of  a  reduviid  from  that  of  a  robin  ;  larva  of  an  ophemerid  {Poly- 
mitarcya  alba  ?)  from  tho  stomach  of  a  sunlish. 

1027.  [Riley,  C.  v.]     Supposed  hibernating  ^?c/m  chry.salis.    <Amer. 
Ent.,  November,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  278. 
Answer  to  letter  of  J.  W.  Davidson;  pupa  resembling  that  of  Achatodes  zea 
found  in  stalk  of  maize  at  Uniontown,  Ala. 

1928.  Riley,  C.  V.  On  the  natural  history  of  certain  bee-flies  {Bomhy- 
liidcc).    <Amer.  Ent.,  December,  1880  [v.  3J,  n.  s.,  v.  1,  pp. 


266  BIBLIOGRAPHY   OF   ECONOMIC   ENTOMOLOGY. 

1928.  RiLKY,  C.  v.— Continued. 

279-283,  figs.  147-151.    Review :  <Ent.  Mo.  .Mag.,  February, 
1881,  V.  17,  pp.  206-207. 
Advauce  print  of  pp.  262-267  and  a  general  abstract  of   pp.   267-269  of  the 
section  entitled  "  Bee-fly  larvas,  family  Bomhyliida;,"  in  2d  Rept.  U.  S.  En- 
tomological Commission.    See  No.  1959  for  synopsis  of  contents. 

1929.  Riley.  C.  V.     On  a  new  pyralid  Infesting  the  seed-pods  of  the 

trumpet- vine.     <Amer.  Ent.,  December,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1, 
pp.  280-288,  figs.  152-153. 
Description,  with  figures,  of  Clydonojyteron  n.  g.^Tp.  287'}  and  of  larva,  pnpa, 
and  imago  of  C.  feco»?i«?  n.  sp.  [p.  288],  and  of  the  abode  of  this  insect  in 
pods  of  the  trumpet-vine;  habits  of  the  insect. 

1930.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Experiments  with  yeast-ferment  on  various  in- 

sects.   <Amer.  Ent.,  December,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  289, 
290. 

Reports  by  J.  E.  Willet  and  A.  J.  Cook  upon  their  experiments  in  the  appli- 
cation of  beer  and  yeast  to  various  insects;  no  infection  communicated  to 
the  insects  by  these  applications. 

1931.  Riley,  C.  V.    Notes  on  the  imported  elm  leaf-beetle.     <Amer. 

Ent.,  December,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  pp.  291-292. 
Answer  to  letter  of  J.  L.  Leconte;  seasons,  transformations,  enemies,  and 
ravages  of  and  means  against  Galeruca  xanthomelwna ;  hibernation  of  Chry- 

somelidcv. 

1932.  [Riley,   C.  V.]     Synonyms  of  parasites'  mistakes  corrected. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  December,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  293.  Re- 
view :  <Ca.  Ent.,  February,  1881,  v.  13,  pp.  31-33,  fig.  3. 
Review  of  paper  by  L.  O.  Howard ;  comparison  of  the  alleged  characters  of 
Antigaster  and  Eupelmus  to  show  grounds  for  the  founding  of  the  former; 
Didictyum  synonymous  with  Hexaplasta;  H.  zigzag  not  a  parasite  of  Aletia 
argillacea  [^=  xylina},  but  of  Phora  aleiioi;  habits  of  H.  zigzag. 

1933.  [Riley,  O.  V.J     "A  mystery  in  reference  to  Pronuha  yuccasella.^^ 

<Amer.  Ent.,  December,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  293. 
Critical  review  of  paper  by  H.  A.  Hagen,  who  confounded  Prodoxus  decipiena 
with  Pronuha  yuccasella. 

1934.  [Riley,  0.  V.]    Mandible  of  LWiocolletis  gutUfinitella.    <Amer. 

Ent,,  December,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  294,  fig.  138. 

Figure,  with- explanation,  of  the  mandible  of  LithocoUetis  gutUfinitella. 

1935.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Excessive  injury  by  a  beetle  in  Russia.    <Amer. 

Eut.,  December,  1880  [v.  3j,  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  294. 
'Ra.v afgps  of  Anisoplia  austriaca  in  southern  Russia;  description  of  the  same ; 
its  habits  and  vernacular  name. 

1936.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Chemical  change  in  the  color  of  butterfly-wings. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  December,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  294. 
Note  on  paper  by  W.  H.  Edwards  and  J.  M.  Wilson. 

1937.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Fungus  foes.    <Amer.  Ent.,  December,  1880  [v. 

3],  n.  s.,v.  1,  p.297. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  J.  Brown  ;  Cis  fmcipes  and  all  Cioidce  infest  fungi 
growing  on  old  trees  and  logs. 


HIBLIOGRAPHY    OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  267 

1938.  I  Riley,  C.  V.]    The  twig-girdler.    <Amer.  Ent.,  December,  188() 
[v  3],  u.  s.,  V.  1,  p.  297,  figs.  lo5-15(i. 
Answer  to  letter  of  \V.  R.  Maxwell;  figures  of  larva,  pupa,  autl  imago  of 
Oncideres  cingulata  aud  of  twig  injured  by  the  imago;  food-plants,  habits, 
and  transformations  of  this  insect. 

1039.  [KiLEY,  C.  v.]    The  bedeguar  of  the  rose.    <  Amer.  Ent.,  Decem- 
ber, 1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  298,  fig.  154. 
Answer  to  letter  of  L.  C.  Bryan ;  account  of  the  gall  of  Ehodites  rosw;  figure 
of  the  same. 

1940.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Minute  borers  iu  cherry,  peach,  and  pkim-trees. 

<Amer.  Ent.,  December,  1880  [v.  3],  u.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  298. 
Answer  to  letters  of  J.  L.  Bennett  and  M.  H   Boye ;  ravages,  food-plants,  and 
distribution  of  Scolytus  rutjulosus;  food-habits  of  the  species  of  Scolytua. 

1941.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Srailax  injured  by  cut-worms.     <Ajner.  Ent., 

December,  1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  298. 
Answer  to  letter  of  G.  Thommen  ;  habits,  ravages,  and  food-plants  of  Agrotia 
saucia. 

1942.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]    Houey-producing  oak-gall.    <Amer.  Ent.,  De- 

cember, 1880  [v.  3],  n.  s.,  v.  1,  p.  298. 
Answer  to  letter  of  H.  C.  McCook ;  secretion  of  saccharine  matter  by  galls 
growing  on   Quercus  undulata;  description  of  these  galls,  Cynips  quercus- 
wellaria  n.  sp.;  Myrmecocystua  hortua-deorum  [=  melliger']  collects  the  saccha- 
rine matter  from  these  galls. 

1943.  [Riley,  C.  V.J    Dr.  Hagen's  mystery.    <Ca.  Ent.,  December, 

1880,  V.  12,  pp.  2G3-264. 
Review  of  paper  by  H.  A.  Hagen  ;  Prodoxus  decipiens  confounded  with  Pro- 
nuba  yuccaseUa. 

1944.  Riley,  C.  V.    Acorn-gall.    <Trans.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  1880, 

T.  4,  p.  1  Proc. 
Gall  mistaken  for  abortive  acorn,  by  G.  B.  Emerson,  iu  his  "Trees  and  shrnbs 

of  Massachusetts." 

194">.  RiLEY^,  C.  V.  Silk-culture  in  the  United  States.  Condensed  ac- 
count of  the  silk- worm  and  how  to  inaugurate  a  new  source  of 
wealth.  <Western  Farmer's  Almanac  lor  1881,  1880,  pj).  35- 
39,  4  tigs.  S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  — . 
Practicability  aud  desirability  of  the  culture  of  Sericaria  mori  in  the  United 
States;  requisites  to  its  success;  superiority  of  .S.  mori  over  all  other  in- 
sects for  silk-culture ;  brief  illustrated  natural  history  of  the  same ;  direc- 
tions for  silk-culture. 

1946.  Riley, -C.  V.    Legislation  to  control  insects  injurious  to  vegeta- 
tion.    <Farmer's  Review,  20  January,  1881.     S.-b.  No.  23,  p. 

148.  Reprint:  <Amer.  Nat.,  April  [25    .archj,  1881,  v.  15,  pp. 
322-323.     <Indiana  Farmer,  16  April,  1881.     S.-b.  No.  23,  p. 

149.  Notice  :  <Farmer'8  Review,  20  January,  1881.     S.-b.  No. 
23,  p.  170. 

Appointment  of  C.  H.  Dwindle,  by  the  California  State  Horticultural  So- 
ciety, on  a  committee  to  consider  what  legislation  is  desirable  to  check  the 
spread  of  noxious  insects  and  to  force  land-owners  to  destroy  the  same; 
notice  of  the  previous  passage  of  such  laws  and  of  anticipated  objections 
to  them. 


268  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1947.  EiLEY,  C.  Y.  Larval  habits  of  bee-flies,  BomhyUidce.  <Amer. 
Nat.,  February  [25  January],  1881,  v.  15,  pp.  143-145,  tigs.  1-3. 
Notice,:  <Western  Stock  Jouru.  and  Farm,  March,  1881,  v.  11, 
p.  58.  ' 

Habits  of  Systoechits  aud  Triodites  as  parasites  on  eggs  of  Aevididw;  notice  of 
paper  by  T.  A.  Cliapman  ;  figures  larva,  pupa,  aud  imago  of  Systmchus  oreas 
and  compares  its  larvie  aud  puptc  with  those  of  Bombyliiis  major. 

1048.  EiLEY,  C.  V.     Experiments  with  pyrethrum:  Safe  remedies  for 
cabbage- worms  and  potato-beetles.     <Amer.  Nat.,  February 
[25  January],  1881,  v.  15,  pp.  145-147. 
Details  of  experiments  made  by  A.  J.  Cook  and  W.  R.  Hubbert  upon  the 
effect  of  a  dusting  of  pyrethrum  powder  upon  larviB  of  rieris  rapce,  larvae 
and  imagos  of  Dorypliora  lO-lineata,  and  upon  Eriosoma  [=^  Pemphigus'\  tes- 
sellata,  Coreus  \_=^Anasa']  tristis,  and  flies  and  mosquitoes. 
ini9.  EiLEY,  C.  V.     Insect  enemies  of  the  rice-plant.     <Amer.  Nat., 
February  [25  January],  1881,  v.  15,  pp.  148-149. 
Chalepus  trachypygus  feeds  on  roots  of  the  rice-plant ;  conjectures  as  to  other 
enemies  of  the  rice-plant ;   Ceoidomyia  oryzce  injurious  to  the  same  in  India. 

I9:-0.  [Riley,  C.  v.]     The  ^'yellow-fever  fly."    <Amer.  Nat.,  February 
[25  January],  1881,  v.  15,  p.  150. 
Review  of  paper  by  H.  A.  Hagen  ;  food-habits  of  larvse  oi  Sciara  sp. ;  occur- 
rence of  swarms  of  imagos  of  the  same. 

1051.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     An  aquatic  Sphinx  larva.     <Amer.  Nat.,  Febru- 

ary [25  January],  1881,  v.  15,  p.  151. 
Abstract  of  paper  by  H.  A.  Hagen. 

1052.  Riley,  C.  Y.    Notes  on  the  grape  Phylloxera  and  on  laws  to 

prevent  its  introduction.     <Amer.  Nat.,  March  [24  February], 
1881,  V.  15,  pp.  238-241.     Notice  with  extracts  :  <Pacific  Rural 
Press,  23  April,  1881.     S.-b.  No.  42,  p.  17. 
Remarks  upon  letter  of  I.  Bush;  precautions  to  be  adopted  against  the  in- 
troduction of  Phylloxera  vastairix ;  summary  of  the  life-history  of  the  same. 

1053.  Riley,  C.  Y.    Hibernation  of  the  cotton-worm  moth :  Ease  with 

which  mistakes  are  made.    <Amer.  Nat.,  March  [24  February], 
1881,  V.  15,  pp.  244-245,  figs.  1-3. 
Extract  fiom  letter  of  I.  A.  Wimbish  ;  Leucania  unipiincta  mistaken  for  Aletia 
argillacca  l^xylina};  characters  of  Alctia;  figures  ovipositor  and  eggs  of 
L.  unipuncta  and  imagos  of  both  species. 

1054.  [Riley,  0.  Y.]     On  some  interaction  of  organisms.     <Amer. 

Nat.,  April  [25  March],  1881,  v.  15,  pp.  323-324. 
Review  of  paper  by  S.  A.  Forbes,  with  extracts;  relative  unimportance  of 
special  parasites  as  compared  with  predaceous  animals  of  varied  tastes  in 
the  limitation  of  the  numbers  of  any  species  of  animals  ;  need  of  conserva- 
tive action  and  exhaustive  inquiry  in  the  attempt  to  interfere  with  the 
order  of  nature. 

1955.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     Insect  locomotion.     <Amer.   Nat.j  April   [25 
March],  1881,  v.  15,  p.  325. 
Results  of  G.  Carlet's  studies  on  the  order  in  which  the  feet  are  moved  in 
the  walking  of  Hexapoda  and  Arachnida. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  269 

1956.  [Riley,  C.    V.]      Plant-feeding   liiibits  of  predaceous  beetles. 

<Amer.  Nat.,  April  [25  lAIarcli],  1881,  v.  15,  pp.  325-327. 
Citation  of  evidence  from  numeroua  sources  proviuy  thut  certain  Carahiilm 
and  CoccineUidw  occasionally  feed  on  plants,  seeds,  and  sporcH. 

1957.  Riley,  0.  V.     Notes  on  Fapilio  philenor.     <Airier.  Nat.,  April, 

[25  March],  1881,  v.  15,  pp.  327-329,  figs.  1-3. 
Description  of  egg  and  newly-hatched  larva  of  Papilio  phihnor;  (igiire  of 
larva,  chrysalids,  and  imago  of  the  same;  food-plants,  distributioii,  ami 
its  occurrence  in  swarms. 

1958.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Entomological  notes.     <Anier.  Nat.,  April  [25 

March],  1881,  v.  15,  pp.  330-331. 

Notice  of  H.  A.  Ilagen's  paper  on  Simulium  pictipes,  with  additional  noteei; 
abstracts  aijd  minor  notices  of  other  papers  and  items  of  news. 

1959.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Second  report  of  the  United  States  Entomological 

Commission  for  the  years  1878  and  1879,  relating  to  the  Rocky 
Mountain  locust  and  the  Western  cricket,  and  treating  of  the 
best  means  of  subduing  the  locust  in  its  permanent  breudiiig 
grounds,  with  a  view  of  preventing  its  migrations  into  the 
more  fertile  portions  of  the  trans-Mississipi)i  country  in  pur- 
suance of  appropriations  made  by  Congress  for  this  purpose, 
with  maps  and  illustrations.  <Washington :  1880  [4  April, 
1881],  pp.  18+322+80,  10  tigs.,  17  pi.,  9  maps. 

TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 

Letter  of  transmittal IX 

Preface XIII 

Chapter  I :  By  A.  S.  Packard  and  C.  V.  Riley. 

Additions  to  the  chronology  of  locust  ravages 1 

The  locust  in  1878  in  Minnesota  and  Iowa,  I;  in  Nebraska,  Texas, 
and  Indian  Territory,  2 ;  in  Kansas,  2-3 ;  in  Dakota,  3-4 ;  in 
Colorado,  4;  in  Wyoming,  4-5;  in  Utah  and  Idaho,  .^>-7;  in 
eastern  Oregon  and  Nevada,  7;  in  Montana,  7-9— Summary,  9— 
The  locust  in  1879  in  Nebraska,  Washington  Territory,  Dakota, 
and  Texas,  10;  in  Colorado,  10-11;  in  Wyoming,  11-12;  in 
Utah,  12-13;  in  Montana,  13-14. 

Chapt1':r  II :  By  C.  Thomas. 

The  relation  of  the  locust  and  its   ravages  to  agriculture  and  the 

settlement  of  the  Tcrritori(!a !•* 

Character  of  the  pernument  region,  15 — Importance  of  subduing 
the  locusts  in  the  permanent  region,  15-10— DiHiculties  of  burn- 
ing over,  l(i-18— Extermination  impossible,  but  subjection  pos- 
sible, 19-20— Settlement  of  the  permanent  region  the  best  rem- 
edy, 19-20 — Source  of  the  more  destructive  swarms,  20— Rail- 
road needed  in  the'  permanent  region,  21— Agricultural,  not 
pastoral,  population  wanted,  22— Difficulties  of  constructing 
railroads  in  the  permanent  region,  22— Climatic  character  «)f  the 
permanent  region,  23— Di.'«turbing  and  fighting  the  locusts  in  the 
permanent  region,  24-25— Other  proposed  plans,  25— Plowing 
not  feasible,  25-2(5— The  locust  question  solved  in  the  temporary 
region,  20— New  deliuitiou  of  the  temporary  region,  27-28— The 
locust  problem  a  national  one,  29-31. 


270  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OP    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1959.  [Riley,  C.  V.]— Continued. 

Chapter  III :  By  C.  Thomas.  i 

Facts  conceruing  and  laws  governing  the  migrations  of  locusts  in  all 

countries 31 

Most  species  of  Jcrididw  not  migratory,  31 — Migratory  disposition 
not  caused  by  anatomical  differences,  31-32 — Writers  on  locust 
flights,  32-33 — Earliest  accounts  of  locust  flights  in  Europe,  3'3- 
34 — Locust  flights  in  Europe  in  the  middle  ages,  34-37 ;  in  the 
seventeeuth  century,  37-38 — The  locust  invasion  of  1693  in  Eu- 
rope, 38-39 — Locust  flights  in  Europe  in  the  eighteenth  and 
nineteenth  centuries,  40-41 — Locusts  in  Asia  and  adjacent 
islands,  -11;  in  Cyprus,  42;  in  Arabia  and  Syria,  43-44;  in  Per- 
sia, 44  ;  in  the  Steppes,  45 ;  in  China,  46 ;  in  Manila,  46 ;  in 
India,  46-47;  in  Australia,  47;  in  New  Zealand,  47 — Locust 
flights  in  Africa,  48 ;  in  northern  Africa,  48-49 ;  in  Egypt,  49 — 
in  Algiers,  50-51 ;  in  Abyssinia,  51 ;  in  central  Africa,  51 ;  in 
eastern  Africa  and  the  Canary  Islands,  52-53 — Locusts  in  South 
America,  53-54 — Prevalence  of  locusts  in  deserts  and  dry  regions, 
54-55 — Locust  flights  not  governed  by  laws  of  periodicity,  55- 
56 — Permanent  breeding  grounds  of  locusls,  56-57 — Their  geo- 
graphical distribution,  58 — Caloptenus  sprelus  not  in  Mexico,  58 — 
Migratory  locusts  in  Yucatan  and  the  West  Indies,  58-59 — In 
Nicaragua,  59 — Geographical  limits  of  Calopteuus  S2)retus,59 ;  of 
Pachytylus  migratorius,  59-60 — Difiicnlty  of  determining  species, 
60-61 — Definition  of  permanent  home  of  migratory  locusts,  62 — 
Range  of  Pachytylus  mijfraforiiis,  62-63  ;  of  Acridium  jjeregriiiuni, 
63-64 — Comparison  with  the  laws  of  geographical  zoology,  65- 
66 — Meeting  point  of  three  sub-regions,  67 — Each  species  has  its 
permanent  breeding  ground,  68 — General  character  of  the  i)er- 
manent  breeding  grounds,  68-69 — Breeding  ground  of  Caloptenua 
itaUcu8,Q9;  of  Pachytylus  migratorius,  69-70;  of  Acndium  pere- 
grinum,  70 ;  of  Caloptenus  spretua,  70-71. 
Chapter  IV :  By  C.  Thomas. 
Habits  and  characteristics  of  locusts  in  all  countries  within  their 
areas  of  permanent  distribution,  so  far  as  these  relate  to  their 

movements 72 

Caloptenus  spretus  always  migratory,  72-73 — Flights  of  C.  spretus, 
73-74 — Invading  swarms  come  from  northwest,  74-75— Other 
opinions  eliminated,  75-76— Swarms  in  1875  and  1876,76-77 — Di- 
rection of  returning  swarms  of  C.  spretus,  78 ;  of  other  migratory 
locusts,  78-79 — Direction  of  local  flights,  79-81 — Returning 
swarms  do  little  injury,  81-82 — Distance  to  which  swarms  may 
migrate,  82-84 — ^Length  of  a  single  flight,  84-85 — Swarms  able  to 
cross  large  bodies  of  water,  85-86 — Swarms  carried  far  by  winds, 
86-87— The  mode  of  flight,  87— Position  of  the  locust  while  fly- 
ing, 87-88 — Locusts  flying  with  the  wind,  88-89 — Method  of  fall- 
ing of  swarms,  89 — Formation  of  swarms,  89-91 — Movements  of 
swarms  of  C.  spretus,  as  reported  by  Dr.  Child,  91-93— Other  re- 
ports, 94 — Movements  of  swarms  in  other  countries,  95-96 — 
Swarms  usually  alight  at  night,  96-97 — The  height  at  which 
Bwarms  move,  98-100 — Different  directions  of  swarms  at  the  same 
time  and  place,  100 — Fall  of  locusts  into  the  sea,  100-102 — Great 
flying  power  of  locusts,  102— General  causes  of  migration,  103 — 
Excessive  numbers,  103-104 — Want  of  food,  104 — Excessive  heat, 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  271 

1959.  fRiLEY,  C.  V.]— Contiuued. 
CiiArxER  IV" — Coiitiimeil. 

105 — Dry  condition  of  the  atmosphere,  105-106— Arid  conditioa 
of  the  mountain  region,  106-107 — Immediate  causes  of  migration, 
107-108. 
Chapter  V :  By  C.  Thamas. 
lulluence  of  meteorological  conditions  on  the  development  and  mi- 
grations of  locusts 11)9 

Influence  of  heat  and  dryness,  109-110 — Packard's  table  of  locust 
years,  111-112— Table  of  rain-falls  for  1860  to  1H66, 11-i— Influence 
of  the  rainfall,  especially  in  1864,  ll'i-llli — Average  monthly  tem- 
perature for  1864  and  1866,  li:}-115— Kain-fall  of  the  years  1861}  to 
1867,116 — Temperature  of  the  years  18<):?  to  1867,117 — Extreme 
variations  of  monthly  mean  temperature  from  1863  to  1867, 
118-119 — Monthly  and  annual  mean  temperature  from  1872  to 
1876, 119-121— Monthly  and  annual  rain-fall  from  1872  to  1878, 122- 
124 — Extreme  fluctuations  between  monthly  mean  temperature, 
125-126 — Greatest  variations  between  monthly  mean  tempera- 
tures, 126 — Variations  of  temperature  between  months  of  con- 
secutive years,  127-128— Daily  temperature  at  Fort  Sully  from 
1872  to  1875,  129-134 — Relation  of  temperature  to  the  develop- 
ment of  the  eggs,  135-136— Professor  Riley's  experiments,  137 — 
Professor  Abbe's  theory  on  the  subject  discussed,  137-140 — Table 
showing  temperature  and  direction  and  velocity  of  wind  at 
Western  stations,  141-154 — Relation  of  temperature  and  winds  to 
locust  flights,  155. 
Chapter  VI :  By  A.  S.  Packard. 
The  southern  limits  of  the  distribution  of  the  Rocky  Mountain  locust.  156 
Few  locusts  permanently  breeding  in  New  Mexico  and  none  iu  Ari- 
zona, 156—Caloi)tentis  spretus  probably  not  in  southern  New  Mex- 
ico, central  and  southern  Arizona,  etc.,  156 — History  of  locust 
invasions  in  New  Mexico  from  1864  to  1879,  157-159— Southern 
range  of  the  locust  in  Mew  Mexico,  159— Changes  in  the  map  in 
the  Report  I,  showing  the  distribution  of  the  locust,  159-160. 
Chapter  VII:  By  A.  S.  Packard. 

Summary  of  locust  flights  from  1877  to  1879 150 

General  remarks  on  maps  Nos.  2  to  4,  160-161— Flights  of  locusts 
in  1878,  161-162 -Flights  in  1879,  162-163. 
Chapter  VIII :  By  A.  S.  Packard. 

The  western  cricket - ^^'^ 

Difference  in  habits  between  the  western  cricket  and  the  locust, 
163— Occurrence  o[  Jnabrus  purpuraacens,  163-164  ;  of  J.  simplex, 
164— Mode  of  egg-laying,  164— Movements  of  an  army  of  the  west- 
ern cricket,  164-165— Its  ravages,  165-166— Its  food,  166— Its  ene- 
mies and  parasites,  166— Its  breeding  habits,  166-167 — Remedies, 
167-168— Geographical  distribution  of  the  species  of  AnabruSj 
168-169— Synopsis  of  the  species  of  J«a6r««  and  its  allies,  169- 
170— External  anatomy  of  J Hrtferus,  170:  the  head,  170-172;  the 
thorax,  172-174;  the  abdomen,  174-175— Internal  anatomy  of 
Aiiabrus  purpurascens,  175 ;  the  digestive  system,  175  176 ;  the 
nervous  system,  176-177;  the  breathing  apparatus,  177-178. 
Chapter  IX :  By  A.  S.  Packard. 

The  air-sacs  of  locusts  with  reference  to  their  powers  of  fli;;lit    178 

History  of  the  study  of  the  air-sacs,  178— Air-sacs  iu  ditterent  in- 
sects, 178-179— The  air-sacs  of  the  Acridii,  179— Use  of  the  air- 
sacs  in  flight,  179-182— Their  origin,  182-183  . 


272  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1959.  [EiLEY,  C.  V.]— Continued. 

Chapter  X:  By  C.  S.  Minot. 

Histology  of  the  locust  {Caloptenus)  and  the  cricket  (Analrus) 183 

Study  of  histology  of  insects,  183-184 — Explanations  of  Figs.  1  and 
2,  Plate  II,  180-186— The  cuticula,  186-188— The  epidermis,  188- 
189 — Sense  organs,  189 — Nervous  system,  190 — Tracheae,  191-195 — 
Air-sacs  and  spiracles,  195 — Muscles,  195-196 — Organs  of  circu- 
lation, 196— Connective  tissue,  196-198— Ovary,  198-201— Ante- 
rior ciBcura  of  the  oviduct,  201 — Uterus  of  locusts,  201-203 — Male 
organs,  203— Testis,  203-204 — Development  of  the  spermatozoa, 
204,  207 — Vasa  deferentia,  207 — Ductus  ejaculatorius, 207 — Vesiculw 
seminales,  207-208— Digestive  canal,  208-210— Crop,  210-211— 
Proventriculus,  211-212— Stomach,  212-214— Diverticula,  214- 
215— Gastro-ileal  folds,  215-217— Ileum,  217— Colon,  217-218— 
Rectum,  218-219 — Summary  on  the  digestive  canal,  219-221 — 
Malpighian  vessels,  222. 

Chapter  XI :  By  A.  S.  Packard. 

The  brain  of  the  locust 223 

The  nervous  system  in  general,  223-224 — The  brain  of  insects  com- 
pared with  that  of  vertebrates,  224-226 — The  brain  of  the  adult 
locust,  226 — Histological  elements  of  the  brain,  226-228 — The  sec- 
tiobs  of  the  brain,  228-230 — Internal  topography  of  the  brain, 
230— The  central  body,  230,  231— The  mushroom  bodies,  231-234— 
The  optic  lobes,  234— The  optic  ganglion,  234 — The  antennal  or 
olfactory  lobes,  235 — The  commissural  lobes,  235 — The  brain  of 
locusts  compared  with  that  of  other  insects,  235-236 — Structure 
of  the  brain  in  the  embryo  locust,  236— The  brain  of  the  embryo 
locust  compared  with  the  first  thoracic  ganglion,  238 — The  brain 
in  the  second  embryonic  stage,  238-239 — Structure  of  the  suboe- 
eophageal  ganglion.  239 — The  brain  of  the  freshly-hatched  larva 
of  Caloptenus  spretus,  239 ;  of  the  third  larval  stage  of  C.  iunttatus, 
239;  of  the  second  or  last  pupal  stage  of  C.  spretus,  240-241 — 
Bibliography  of  the  internal  structure  of  the  brain  of  Crustacea 
and  insects,  241-242. 

Chapter  XII:  By  C.  V.  Riley  and  C.  Thomas. 

Locust  ravages  in  California 242 

Position  of  the  genus  Camnula  in  the  CEdipodini,  242-243 — Descrip- 
tion of  the  genus  Camnula,  243;  of  CEdipoda  pellucida,  2i',i ;  of 
QHdipoda  atrox,  243-244;  of  Camnula  j)elJucida,  244-246 — The 
locust  in  California  in  1878,  246;  in  Sierra  Valley,  247 ;  in  the 
vicinity  of  Loyalton,  247-248 ;  of  Sierraville,  249 — History  of  lo- 
cust devastation  in  California,  250 — Enemies  of  the  Californian 
locust,  251 — Protective  measures,  251-252 — Life  history  of  Cam- 
nula atrox,  252-253 — The  red  or  locust  mite,  253 — Damage  done 
by  the  locust  in  Sierra  Valley,  254-255 — The  locust  in  California 
in  1879,  255-257 — Description  of  CEdipoda  ohliterata,  257-259 — Re- 
marks on  Cratypedes  Putnami,  259. 

Chapter  XIII:  By  C.  V.  Riley. 

Further  facts  about  the  natural  enemies  of  the  locust 259 

Blister-beetle  larvae  feeding  on  the  eggs  of  the  Californian  locust, 
259-260— Retardation  in  the  development  of  blister-beetles,  as 
shown  in  Epicauta  vittata,  260 — Philosophy  of  such  retardation, 
260-261— Eggs  of  Chauliognathus  pennsylvanicus,  261 — Habits  of 
the  young  larva,  261-262 — Egg-laying  of  asilid-flies,  and  particu- 
larly of  Mallophora  orcina,  2G2 — Bee-fly  larvse  common  among  the 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  273 

1959.  [EiLEY,  C.  Y.]— Continued. 

Chaptkr  XIII— Coutiinu'd. 

eggs  of  Camnulajnllitcidu,  263— Habits  of  bee-fly  larva?,  2G3-2G4— 
Observations  on  tiio  larval  habits  of  liombylii,  204-2(;5— Larval 
habits  o(  Arijyramaha,  205-200— Abuiulauco  of  bee-flies  and  blis- 
ter-beetles in  the  ^Vesteru  country,  connected  with  the  abundance 
of  locusts,  260— Life  history  o£  Si/stwchus  orcas,  260-2()7— Descrip- 
tion of  its  larva,  207;  of  the  pupa.  267-2G8  ;  of  the  imago,  208— 
Desci  iption  of  Systa-chits  orvas,  208— Larva  of  Triodiles  miiK,  208- 
269— Imago  of  Triodites  mns,  209— Dr.  T.  A.  Chapman's  observa- 
tions on  Bomhyliiis  major,  209— Hair-worms  and  red-mites  abun- 
dant upon  locusts  in  California,  270- Chalcid-fly  jiarasitic  on 
locusts,  270— Synonymy  of  the  locust-egg  parasite,  270— Digger- 
wasps  killing  locusts,  270. 
Chapter  XIV:  By  C.  V.  Riley. 
Courses  that  may  be  adopted  by  the  General  Government  to  lessen 

locust  injury 271 

Importance  of  destroying  the  locusts  in  their  native  breeding- 
grounds,  271— Recapitulation  of  means  suggested  in  first  report, 
271— Importation  of  English  rooks,  271— Importance  of  burning 
over  the  permanent   breeding-grounds,  272— Breeding-grounds 
occupy  comparatively  small  areas  in  the  permanent  region,  27:$- 
Protection  from  invading  swarms,  273— Locust  warnings  through 
the  Signal  Bureau,  273— Diverting  swarms  by  means  of  smoke, 
274— Co-operation  of  governments  and  governmental  institutions, 
274 — Apathy  apt  to  result  from  periods  of  immunity  from  locust 
invasions,  274— How  the  Government  can  aid,  275— Surface  char- 
acteristics of  the  permanent  regi<m  and  the  proportion  of  burna- 
ble laud,  275— Number  of  square  miles  in  the  permanent  region, 
270— The  plains  area  east  of  the  mouutains,  270- Its  vegetation, 
276 — Burnable   land   practically  iudeutical  with   graziug-land, 
277— The   plains  area  in  the   British  possessions,  278— In  the 
United   States,  279— The  mountain  area,  280— Timber-lands  in 
the  mountain  area  dependent  upon  latitude  and  altitude,  280— 
Northern  section  of  the  mountain  area,  280,  281 — River  valleys 
in  Montana,  281— Valley  of  the  Yellowstone  and  its  tributaries, 
281— Of  the  Madison  River,  282— Of  the  Jefferson  and  Missouri 
Rivers, 283— The  Wind  River  and  the  Bighorn  Mountains,  283— 
The  Green  River  Basin, 283— Valley  of  the  Snake  River  and  its 
tributaries,  280,  289 — Southern   section  of  the   mountain   area, 
289— In  southern  Wyoming,  290-291— In  Colorado,  291— The  San 
Luis  Valley,  292— Mountain  area  iu  New  Mexico,  292--The  pla- 
teau  area,    293— Its  extent,  293— The    Roan  Plateau,  293— The 
Uinta  Valley,  293— The  Grand  River  Valley,  294— Tlie  Great  Sage 
Plain,  294— The  San  Juan  River  Valley,  295— The  Colorado  River 
Plateau,  2.t5 — The  Great  Basin  area  and  the  Wasatch  Mountains, 
296— Valleys  of  the  Bear  River"  and   its  tributaries,  296— The 
Wasatch  Range  and  its  valleys,  298 — Mountain  Ranges  in  Ne- 
vada, 299-.300— The  Mojave  Desert,   300— Preventive  measures 
in  the  plains  region,  ^00— Calopten us  sprctns  breeds,  especially  in 
British  America  and  Montana,  300 — Fertile  grass-land  iu  the  Ter- 
ritories, 300 — Its  extent,  302 — Encouragement  to.settloment,  302 — 
Modification  of  climate  by  settlement  and  cultivation,  302 — Pro- 
fessor Thomas'  communication  to  Governor  Pillshury,  303 — The 
settlement  of  Dakota  will  benefit  Minnesota,  304— Forest  planting 
18  ENT 


274  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1959.  [Riley,  C.  V.]— Continued. 

Chapter  XIV — Continued. 

on  the  coteau  of  the  prairies,  305 — Preserving  of  lakes,  ponds,  and 
swamps  in  Minnesota,  306 — Encouragements  to  railroads,  307 — 
Irrigation,  307 — Extent  of  the  arid  region,  307-308 — Only  a  small 
portion  of  the  land  irrigable,  308 — Agriculture  in  the  arid  West 
and  in  the  Mississippi  Delta  require  assistance  of  the  National 
Government  ,308 — Prevention  of  floods  by  means  of  reservoirs, 
309 — Cost  of  irrigation,  310 — Influence  of  irrigation  on  the  locust 
question,  310— Mr.  H.  Gannett's  report  on  irrigation  in  the  arid 
region,  310 — Waste  of  water  in  irrigating,  311 — Amount  of  irri- 
gable land,  311 — Amount  of  water  necessary  for  irrigation,  312- 
313 — Irrigable  land  in  Colorado,  Utah,  California,  &c.,  313 — 
Arable  land  in  the  Territories,  314 — Amount  of  land  in  actual 
cultivation,  314  —  Irrigation  by  means  of  artesian  wells,  315 — 
Methods  of  irrigation,  315-316 — Uselessness  of  reservoirs  and  great 
irrigating  canals  in  the  arid  region,  316 — How  irrigation  should 
be  regulated,  316 — Preservation  of  forests ;  tree-planting,  317 — 
Judicious  burning  in  spring,  317 — Permanent  establishment  of 
locust  signals  and  warnings,  318— Co-operation  with  the  Do- 
minion Government,  319 — Preventive  measures  in  the  mountain 
and  plateau'  areas,  319 — Breeding-grounds  of  the  locust  in  the 
mountain  area,  319 — Influence  of  settlement,  320 — Replanting 
of  forests,  320 — Importance  of  locust  signals  to  the  farmer  in 
Colorado  and  Utah,  321 — Very  destructive  locust  invasions  not 
likely  to  recur  in  the  future,  321 — The  locust  has  ceased  to  be  an 
object  of  dread,  322. 
Appendix  I: 

Miscellaneous  data  and  replies  to  Circular  No.  1 [3] 

Circular  No.  1,  [3]— Nebraska  data,  [4] — Data  for  Minnesota,  [17] — 
Data  for  Iowa,  [20] — Data  for  Dakota,  [21]. 
Appendix  II:  By  S.  H.  Scudder. 
List  of  the  Orthoptera  collected  by  Dr.  A.  S.  Packard,  jr.,  in  the 

western  United  States  in  the  summer  of  1877 [23] 

Bradynotea  ojnmus,  Scudd.,  n.  sp.,  [24]  —  Pezotettix  pacificus, 
Scudd.,n.  sp.,  [24] — Gomphocerusshasfanus,  Scudd.,  n.  sp.,  [25] — 
Circotettix  maculatus,  Scudd.,  n.  sp.,  [26] — Trimerotropis  latifas- 
ciata,  Scudd,,  n.  sp.,  [26] — T.  similis,  Scudd.,  u.  sp.,  [27] — T.  cwru- 
leipes,  Scudd.,  n.  sp.,  [27] — Psinidia  wallula,  Scudd.,  n,  sp.,  [27]. 
Appendix  III: 

Report  of  John  Marten [29] 

Observations  of  John  Marten,  special  agent,  on  locusts  in  Iowa, 
[29]— In  Minnesota,  [30]— In  Dakota,  [30]— In  Nebraska,  [31]. 
Appendix  IV:  By  B.  P.  Maun  and  C.  Thomas. 
Bibliography  of  some  of  the  literature  concerning  destructive  lo- 
custs       [33] 

Introductory  and  explanatory  remarks,  [33] — Bibliography  on  the 
destructive  locusts  of  Europe,  Asia,  and  Africa,  [33] — Supple- 
mentary list  to  the  bibliography  on  locusts  in  foreign  countries, 
[50] — Additions  to  bibliography  on  the  locusts  in  America,  [55]. 
Appendix  V: 

Data  concerning  locust  in  Texas [57] 

Notes  furnished  by  Gen.  A.  J.  Myer,  U.  S.  A.,  Chief  Signal  Officer, 
on  locusts  in  Texas,  chiefly  in  the  year  1877,  [57] — Locust  data 
from  Indian  Territory  in  1877,  [61]. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  275 

1959.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]— Coutiuued. 

Ai'PKXDix  VI: 
On  the  flight  of  locusts [63] 

Translation,  by  F.  P.  Spofford,  of  a  memoir  by  Gaetano  de  Lucre- 
tus,  [6:3] — Translation  of  d'Azara's  paper  on  locust  invasions  in 
Spain  from  1754  to  1757,  by  F.  P.  Spofford,  [60]. 
Appendix  VII : 
Notes  of  a  journey  made  to  Utah  and  Idaho  in  the  summer  of  1878, 

by  A.  S.Packard,  Jr [69] 

Observations  on  locusts  in  Nebraska  and  Colorado,  [69]— In  Wy- 
oming, [69] — In  Utah,   [69] — In  Idaho,  [70]— Observations  on 
the  journey  returning  East,  [71]. 
Appkndix  VIII: 
Y'ersiu's  researches  on  the  functions  of  the  nervous  system  of  the  ar- 
ticulate animals [73] 

Translation,  by  Dr.  A.  S.  Packard,  jr.,  of  Saussure's  abstract  from 
Yersin's  Recherches  sur  les  fouctions  du  systeme  nerveux  dans 
lesauimaus  articulds,  [73]. 

1960.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    Notes  on  North  American  Microgasters,  with  de- 

scriptions of  new  species.  <Traus.  Acad.  Scl.  St.  Louis,  16 
April  1881,  V.  4,  pp.  295-315,  9  figs.  Separate:  <[St.  Louis, 
Mo.],  6  April,  1881,  20  pp.,  9  figs. 
Characteristics  aud  habits  of  the  Microgasters;  description  of  larva  of  Apart- 
telts  aletiw;  the  cocoons  and  their  construction  ;  effect  of  the  parasites  upon 
the  longevity  of  the  host ;  secondary  parasites;  habits  and  descriptions  of 
several  new  species  and  varieties,  for  a  list  of  which  see  the  Systematic 
Index;  figures  A.  ahtice,  healthy  aud  parasitized  larva;  of  Charocampa pam- 
pinatrix  [^=  Ampelophaga  mriron'];  also  mass  of  Microgaster  cocoons,  and  the 
•formation  of  the  cocoon  by  the  larva. 

1961.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Exuviation  in  flight.    <  Amer.  Nat.,  May  [16  April], 

1881,  V.  15,  p.  395. 
Criticism  of  R.  McLachlan's  observations ;  process  of  casting  subimaginal  skin 

in  Polgntitarcys  alba. 

1962.  Riley,  C.V.    The  rascal  leaf-crumpler  in  Georgia.    <Amer.  Nat, 

May  [16  April],  1881,  v.  15,  p.  400. 
Occurrence  and  ravages  of  Acrohasis  nebulo  [=  i;(rfif/i«(7/fl]  in  Bryan  County, 
Georgia. 

1963.  [Riley,  C  V.]     Vertical  vs.  horizontal  insect  boxes.     <Ainer. 

Nat.,  May  [16  April],  1881,  v.  15,  p.  401. 
Review  of  pamphlet  by  A.  Preudhomme  de  Borre ;  reply  of  G.  II.  Horn  to 
Preudhomme  de  Borre. 

1964.  [Riley,  C.  V.J     Insects  affecting  the  China  tree.     <Amer.  Nat., 

May  [16  April],  1881,  v.  15,  pp.  401-402. 
General  immunity  of  the  China  tree  from  the  attacks  of  insects  and  its  conse- 
quent value  as  a  shade  tree ;  occurrence  of  a  Lecanium  aud  Ceroplastes  a.  sp. 
upon  it  in  Alabama;  injuries  to  its  leaves  by  Atid  fervens  in  Texas. 

1965.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Galls  on  Eucalyptus.     <Amer.  Nat.,  May  [16 

April],  1881,  V.  15,  p.  402. 
Critical  review  of  paper  by  R.  McLachlan  ;  the  supposed  dipterous  galls  prob- 
ably cecidomyidous;  the  supposed  lepidopterous  galls  probably  oot  lepi- 
dopterous,  but  inhabited  by  a  lepidopterous  inquiliuo. 


276  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1966.  [EiLEY,  C.  v.]     North  American  Anthomyidce.     <Ainer.  Nat., 

May  [16  April],  1881,  v.  15,  p.  402. 
Notice  and  summary  of  paper  by  H.  A.  Hagen. 

1967.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Galls  and  gall-insects.     <Amer.  Kat.,  May  [16 

AprilJ,  1881,  V.  15,  pp.  402-403. 
Review  of  paper  by  H.  F.  Bassett,  with  additional  notes  on  the  gall  of  Cynips 
[_=z  Andricu8'\  quercus-californica  found  on  Quercus  doiiglasii  and  infested  by 
Ozognafhua  cornutus^  the  Cxjnips  produced  from  this  gall  all  females ;  earlier 
accounts  of  the  gall  and  of  the  habits  of  O.  cornutus. 

1968.  Riley,  C.  V.     Scale  insect  on  raspberry.     <Farmer's  Review, 

21  April,  1881,  v.  6,  p.  243.     S.b.  No.  23,  p.  150.    Reprint: 
<Amer.  Nat,  June  [19  May],  1881,  v.  15,  p.  487. 
Remarks  ou  communication  from  R.  B.  Fulton ;  occurrence  and  ravages  of  a 
scale  {Diaspis  harriaii^)  \=::Chionaspis  furfurus']  on  black-cap  raspberry  in 
Mississippi;  mode  of  dissemination  and  means  of  extermination  of  Coccidoe. 

1969.  Riley,  0.  V.     Descriptions  of  some  new  Toriricidw,  leaf-rollers. 

<Trans.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Louis,  May,  1882,  v.  4,  pp.  316-324. 
Separate:  <[St.  Louis,  Mo.],  28  April,  1881,  9  pp. 

Description  of  two  (2)  new  genera  and  thirteen  (13)  new  species  of  Tortricidw, 
see  the  Systematic  Index  for  a  list  of  the  same;  mention  of  the  food-plants 
of  some  of  the  species. 

1970.  Riley,  C.  V.    Larval  habits  of  bee-flies.     <Amer.  Nat.,  June  [19 

May],  1881,  v.  15,  pp.  438-447,  pi.  6.     Separate:  <pp.  438-447. 
Adapted  from  the  2d  Rept.  U.  S.  Ent.  Commission,  pp.  262-269 ;  see  No.  1959 
for  synopsis  of  contents. 

3971.  [Riley,  C.  V.]  The  periodical  Cicada  alias  "seventeen-year  lo- 
cust." <Amer.  Nat.,  June  [19  May],  1881,  v.  15,  pp.  479-482, 
fig.  1.  Correction:  <Ibid.,  July  [22  June],  1881,  p.  578. 
Extract  from  Ist  Rept.  State  Ent.  Mo.,  with  additional  notes;  figures  eggs, 
pupae,  and  imago  of  Cicada  [=  Tibiceni  septendecim,  and  of  twig  punctured 
by  the  imago  for  the  deposition  of  her  eggs. 

j972.  Riley,  C.  V.    A  new  species  of  oak  coccid  mistaken  for  a  gall. 
<Amer.  Nat.,  June  [19  May],  1881,  v.  15,  p.  482. 
Description  of  Kermes  galliformis  n.  sp.  [p.  482]  occurring  on  Quercus  paluatris 
in  the  southern  and  central  United  States;  the  coccid  infested  hy  Eucle- 
menaia  basaettella. 

1913.  [Riley,  C.  V.]  The  "water- weevil"  of  the  rice-plant.  <Amer. 
Nat.,  June  [19  May],  1881,  v.  15,  pp.  482-483.  Extract:  <Ann. 
Rept.  [U.  S.]  Commissioner  Agric.  for  1881  and  1882,  pp.  130-133. 
Note  on  the  injury  done  to  rice  plants  by  the  larvae  of  Chalepus  trachypygus 
and  by  other  larvae,  probably  Lissorhoptrus  aimplex;  letter  from  J.  Screven; 
seasons,  habits,  and  ravages  of  the  last-mentioned  species. 

1974.  [RiLEY,  C.  v.]  The  impregnated  egg  of  Phylloxera  vastatrix. 
<Amer.  Nat.,  June  [19  May],  1881,  v.  15,  pp.  483,  484.  Reprint: 
<Amer.  Wine  and  Grape  Grower,  1  July,  1881,  v.  3,  p.  104. 
S.b.  No.  42,  pp.  12-13. 
Verification  by  P.  Graell  of  author's  conclusion  that  the  impregnated  egg  of 
Phylloxera  vaatatrix  would  generally  be  foui^d  lio  liaptcb  in  the  g^W©  ee^SOtt 
in  which  it  W9.8  liiidi 


BIBLIOGRAPHY   OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  277 

1975.  Riley,  C.  V.     Works   on   North   American   Microlepidoptera. 

<Amer.  Nat.,  June  [19  May],  1881,  v.  15,  pp.  484-486. 

Review  of  works  of  T.  doGrej'  [Lord  WalsinghamJ;  discusHioii  of  new  genera; 
list  of  Tortricida:  of  economic  interest  commou  to  Europe  and  North  America; 
additions  to  the  syuonouiy  of  Tortricida;. 

1976.  [Riley,  C.V.J     Moths  mistaken  for  AZefta.    <Amer.  Nat.,  June 

[19  MayJ,  1881,  v.  15,  pp.  486-487. 

Plaiyhypena  {_=  Hypena']  scabra  and  Plwieria  atomaris  mistaken  for  Aletia 
argillacea  [  =  xylina];  hibernating  habits  of  the  first  species. 

1977.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     Specific  vahie  of  Apatura  alicia  Edw.    <Amer. 

Nat.,  June  [19  MayJ,  1881,  v.  15,  p.  487. 

Critical  review  of  paper  by  W.  H.  Edwards. 

1978.  Riley,  C.  Y.    Antigaster  vs.  Eupelmus.     <Ca.  Ent.,  May,  1881, 

V.  13,  p.  114. 
Validity  of  L.  O.  Howard's  reasons  for  considering  Antigaster  a  synonym  of 
Eupelmus. 

1979.  Riley,  C.  Y.    The  periodical  Cicada  alias  "  seventeen-year  locust." 

<Farmer's  Review,  16  June,  1881,  v.  6,  p.  370.    S.-b.  No.  42, 
pp.  18-20. 

Extract  from  1st  Rept.  State  Ent.  Mo.,  with  additional  notes  and  request  for 
further  information  in  regard  to  the  chronology  and  geographical  distribu- 
tion of  the  broods  of  Cicada  [=  Tt&icen]  septendecim  and  C,  [  =  2'.]  trcdecim 
which  appear  in  1881.  ' 

1980.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     Dimorphism  in  Cynipidce.    <Amer.  Nat.,  July  [22 

June],  1881,  v.  15,  p.  566. 
Claim  of  author  to  have  made  the  first  record  at  least  in  North  America  of 
proof  of  dimorphism  in  Cynipidw;  notice  of  writings  of  B.  D.  Walsh,  II.  F. 
Bassett,  and  H.  Adler  on  the  subject;  list  of  species  of  Cynipidw  in  which 
the  occurrence  of  dimorpliic  forms  has  been  proven,  and  of  closely  allied 
species  in  which  no  alternate  generation  seems  to  occur. 

1981.  [RiLEY,  C.  Y.]     Blepharoceridce.    <Amer.  Nat.,  July  [22  June], 

1881,  V.  16,  pp.  567-568. 
Account  of  various  investigations  into  the  natural  history  of  Blepharoceridce; 
description  of  larvie  and  jiupie  of  these  flies. 

1982.  [Riley.  C.  Y.j     Braula  ccvca  not  particularly  injurious  to  the 

honey-bee.     <Amer  Nat.,  July  [22  June],  1881,  v.  15,  p.  568. 
Notice  of  paper  of  J.  Fedarb;  ravages  of  Braula  ctvca  in  hives  generally  over- 
estimated at  present  and  formerly  unknown. 

1983.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]    Economic  entomology  in  England.    <Amer.  Nat., 

July  [22  June],  1881,  v.  15,  p.  568.' 
Notice  of  Miss  E.  A.  Ormerod's  report  for  1880. 

1984.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]    Tbe  cultivation  of  pyrethrum  and  manufacture 

of  the  powder.  <Amer.  Nat,  1881,  v.  15,  July  [22  June],  pp. 
569-572;  September  [23  August],  pp,  744-746;  October  1 23 
September],  pp.  817-819.  See:  <Ainer.  Wine  and  Grape 
Grower,  December,  1881,  v.  4,  p.  22.  S.-b.  No.  51,  p.  149. 
Partial  history  of  the  use  of  pyrethrum  powder  as  an  insecticide;  directiona 
for  the  caltivation  of  the  plants  and  for  the  production  and  use  of  the  pow- 
der 


278  BIBLIOGRAPHY   OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

1985.  [EiLEY,  C.  v.]    Hudson  Bay  Lepidoptera.     <Amer.  Nat.,  July 

[22  Juue],  1881,  v.  15,  pp.  572,  573. 
Review  of  paper  of  J.  J.  Weir ;  reprint  of  the  list  of  Lepidoptera  and  of  the  re- 
marks ou  the  exphmation  of  the  relations  of  the  fauna  of  Hudson's  Bay  to 
that  of  Europe ;  probability  that  the  species  identical  with  those  of  Europe 
are  recent  immigrants. 

1986.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Trade  in  insects.    <Amer.  Nat.,  July  [22  June], 

1881,  V.  15,  p.  573. 

General  decline  in  prices  of  insects  within  sixty  years  or  more;  statement  of 
some  prices  obtained  for  Coleoptera  recently. 

1987.  [EiLEY,  C.  v.]    Ants  injurious  in  Arizona.     <Amer.  Nat.,  July 

[22  Juue],  1881,  v.  15,  pp.  573,  574. 
Statement  by  H.  H.  Rusby  of  ravages  of  Formioidw,  which  occur  in  vast  col- 
onies. 

1988.  [RiLEY',  C.  v.]    Covering  of  egg-puncture  mistaken  for  Dorthesia. 

<Ainer.  Nat.,  July  [22  June],  1881,  v.  15,  p.  574. 
Waxy  material  covering  the  egg-punctures  of  Enchophijllum  \^^=  Enchenopa'\ 
binotaia,  labeled  Dorthesia  riburni  and  D.  celastri  in  collection  of  A.  Fitch. 

1989.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    [Bolerus  unicolor.]    <Amer.  Nat.,  July  [22  June], 

1881,  V.  15,  p.  574. 

Doubts  the  statement  of  H.  Keenau  that  the  imagos  of  Dolerus  unicolor  injure 
the  fruit  buds  of  pear-trees. 

1990.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Supposed  army-worm  in  New  York  and  other 

Eastern  States.     <Amer.  Nat.,  July  [22  June],  188J,  v.  15,  pp. 
674-577. 

Ravages  of  Nephelodes  violans  and  Crambus  vnlgivagellus  iu  New  Jersey,  Long 
Island,  and  northern  New  York;  natural  historj-,  vernacular  names,  and 
description  of  the  larva  of  the  former  species;  previous  accounts  of  this 
larva. 

1991.  [RiLEY,  C.  v.]     Migration  of  butterflies.     <Amer.  Nat.,  July  [22 

June],  1881,  v.  15,  p.  577. 
Report  by  J.  H.  Mellichamp  of  the  eastward  flight  of  thousands  of  Pieris  mo- 
nusie  in  small  groups  of  two,  three,  or  more  individuals,  ou  1  and  2  June, 
1881,  over  Bluffton,  S.  C. ;  description  of  larva  and  pupa  ;  food-plants  of 
larva. 

1992.  [RiLEY,  C.  v.]     Classification  of  the  mites.     <Amer.  Nat.,  July 

[22  June],  1881,  v.  15,  pp.  577-578. 
»  Abstract  of  letter  of  G.  Haller ;  observations  on  the  appendages  and  sys- 

tematic position  of  the  Acarina. 

1993.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Carrying  out  the  law.     <Amer.  Nat.,  July  [22 

June],  1881,  v.  15,  p.  578. 
A  fine  of  £?>  imposed  upon  a  man  in  England  for  importing  living  Doryvhora 
decemlineata  into  that  country. 

1994.  Riley,  C.  V.    Locusts  and  locusts.     <N.  Y.  Tribune,  22  June, 

1881.     S.-b.  No.  32,  pp.  55-56;  No.  42,  pp.  7-11. 

Cicada  [=  Tibicen'\  septendecim  and  C.  [T. ]  tredecim  compared  with  Caloptenua 
spretus  to  explain  and  correct  the  confusion  of  the  species  by  those  who 
call  them  all  ' '  locusts  "  ;  differences  in  the  habits  and  characters  of  these 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  279 

1994.  KiLEY,  C.  v.— Coutinned. 

insects,  their  periodicity  and  distribution  ;  no  fear  that  C.  spretus  will  com- 
mit great  ravages  this  year;  recommendation  of  a  system  of  observations 
and  warnings  by  the  United  States  Signal  Service  to  guard  against  unex- 
pected inroads  of  C.  spretus. 

1995.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  caterpillar  nuisance.    <Eveuing  Star  [Wash- 

ington, D.  C],  24  Jane,  1881,  v.  57,  No.  8802,  p.  3.     S.-b.  No. 
23,  p.  152;  No.  42,  p.  13.     lieprint:  <Amer.  Nat.,  September 
[23  August],  1881,  V.  15,  pp.  747-748,  1  lig. 
Natural  history  of  Hyphantria  textor  {^=cunea'];  means  against  it;  methods 
of  applying  poisoned  liquids  to  trees. 

1996.  Riley,  C.  V.    Directions  for  cultivating  pyrethrum  for  insect 

powder.  <Gardener's  Mo.  and  Hortic,  June,  1881,  v.  23,  pp. 
172-173.     S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  153. 

Directions  for  raising  Pyrethrum  cineraricefolium  from  seed ;  climate  not  favor, 
able  to  the  growth  of  P  roseum  ;  preparation  of  these  plants  for  the  de- 
struction of  insects. 

1997.  Riley,  C.  Y.    Cotton-worras  and  Cicadas.    Prof.  Stelle's  logic ! 

<Selma  [Ala.]  Times,  19  July,  1881.    S.-b.  No.  24,  pp.  44-45; 
No.  39,  p.  123. 
Criticism  of  statements  of  J.  P.  Stelle;  impossibility  of  exterminating  AUtia 
xylina;  waves  of  destructiveness;  Cicada  l^Tibicen'\  tredccim  abundant  in 
sections  of  Alabama,  as  predicted. 

1998.  Riley,  C.  Y.    The  Rocky  Mountain  locust  alias  Western  grass- 

hopper. <Amer.  Agric,  July,  1881,  v.  40,  pp.  283-284,  6  figs. 
S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  142. 

Summary  of  facts  concerning  the  egg-laying  development,  habits,  food-plants, 
destructive  powers,  migration,  flight,  and  enemies  of  and  means  against 
Caloptenus  spretus;  figures  of  the  eggs  of  the  insect  in  all  stages,  of  the 
manner  of  oviposition,  and  of  pans  for  the  destruction  of  the  locusts;  pros- 
pects of  future  injury. 

1999.  Riley,  C.Y.    Lepidopterological  notes.     <Papilio,  July,  1881,  v. 

1,  pp.  lOG-lIO. 
Advance  print  of  extracts  from  Bull.  No.  G,  U.  S.  Entomological  Commission, 
pp.  56-58,  78, 82-83.     See  No.  2026  for  synopsis  of  contents. 

2000.  Riley,  C.  Y.    Further  notes  on  the  pollination  of  Yucca  and  on 

Pronuba  and  Frodoxus.  <Proc.  Amer.  As.soc.  Adv.  Sci.  for 
1880,  14  October,  1881,  v.  20,  pp.  617-639,  16  figs.  Separate : 
<[Salem,  Mass,  July,  1881],  23  pp.,  16  figs. 

Recapitulation  of  published  observations  on  Pronuha  yuccaseUa  and  Prodoxus 
decipiens,  with  additional  observations  and  references  to  literature;  habits 
and  functions  of  the  two  species;  descriptions  and  figures  of  the  generic 
characters  of  Prouuba,  Prodoxus,  and  Hyponomcuta,  and  of  the  specific  char- 
acters of  Pronuba  yuccaseUa,  P.  maculata  n.  sp.,  Prodoxus  decipiens,  P.  inter- 
medins n.  sp.,  P.  marginatus  n.  sp.,  P.  cinereus  n.  sp.,  /'.  anescena  n.  sp., 
Hyponomeuta  malinella,  and  H.  muUipuncteUa,  especially  the  structure  of  the 
ovipositor  and  the  male  characters,  and  the  venation  of  the  wings  ;  discus- 
sion of  the  structure  of  the  ovipositor  in  Lepidoptera  characterization  of 
the  new  family  Prodoxidw  to  comprise  Pronuba  and  Prodoxus;  generic  and 
specific  synonymy ;  reply  to  criticism  of  T.  Median  ;  list  of  insects  frequent- 
ing Yucca;  synouymical  list  of  the  described  Prodoxia. 


280  BIBLIOGEAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2001.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    Additional  notes  on  the  army  worm,  Leucania  uni- 

puncta.  <Proc.  Amer.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.  for  1880  [U  October], 
1881,  V.  29,  pp.  640-642.  Separate :  <Salem,  Mass.,  July,  1881, 
pp.  24-26.  Abstract:  <Boston  Daily  Advertiser,  2  September, 
1880,  V.  136,  p.  4. 

Number  of  annual  generations  of  Leucania  unipuncta;  stages  at  which  hiber- 
nation takes  place ;  occasional  immigration  of  moths  into  uninfested  dis- 
tricts ;  preferred  breeding-places;  connection  of  wet  and  dry  seasons  with 
the  abundance  of  these  insects. 

2002.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  hitherto  unknown  life-habits  of  two  genera  of 

bee  flies,  BonihylUdce.  <Proc.  Amer.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.  for  1880 
[14  October],  1881,  v.  29,  p.  649.  Separate :  <Salem,  Mass., 
July,  1881,  p.  33. 

Food-animals  and  food-habits  of  Systoechns  oreas  and  Triodites  mtis  ;  parallel- 
ism in  the  life-history  of  Bomhyliidw  and  Meloidce;  connection  of  the  abun- 
dance of  insects  of  these  families  in  the  western  United  States  with  the 
prevalence  of  Acrididw  there ;  retardation  of  development  in  theearly  stages 
of  these  parasites  explained  as  a  beneficial  characteristic. 

2003.  Riley,  C.  V.    A  remarkable  case  of  retarded  development.  <Sci. 

Amer.,  20  August,  1881  [v.  59],  n.  s.,  v.  45,  p.  116.  S.-b.  No.  23, 
p.—. 

Report  of  a  case  in  which  eggs  of  Caloptenus  spretus  remained  undeveloped 
for  a  period  of  four  and  one-half  years  after  being  laid ;  remarks  upon  the 
problems  involved  in  the  explanation  of  retarded  development. 

2004.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Blepharoceridce.  <Amer.  Nat.,  September  [23  Au- 

gust], 1881,  v.  15,  p.  748. 

Discovery  by  J.  Q.  Adams  of  pupae  and  imagos  of  Blepharoceridce  at  Water- 
town,  N.  Y. 

2005.  [Riley,   C.   Y.]    Remarkable  case    of    retarded    development. 

<Amer.  Nat.,  September  [23  August],  1881,  v.  15,  pp.  748-749. 
Eggs  of  Caloptenus  spretus,  buried  about  25  cm.  (10  inches)  under  ground,  re- 
mained unhatched  and  alive  for  four  and  one-half  years,  and  hatched  upon 
being  exhumed. 

2006.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Promotion  of  silk-culture  in  California.  <Amer. 

Nat.,  September  [23  August],  1881,  v.  15,  p.  749. 

Answer  to  letter  of  Mrs.  T.  H.  Hittell ;  popularization  of  silk-culture  in  Cali- 
fornia ;  preparation  of  the  fiber  for  the  market. 

2007.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Locust  flights  in  Dakota.    >Amer.  Nat.,  Septem- 

ber [23  August],  1881,  V.  15,  pp.  749-750. 
Flights  of  Caloptenus  spretus  in  Dakota  on  7th  and  16th  Jnly,  1881 ;  large 
numbers  of  Diplax  rubicundula  accompanying  the  locusts. 

2008.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    The  Hessian  fly.    <Amer.  Nat.,  September  [23 

August],  1881,  V.  15,  p.  750. 

Extensive  damages  done  by  Cecidomyia  destructor  in  Illinois  and  Missouri ;  its 
abundance  in  the  western  prairie  States  in  1881. 


p 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  281 

2009.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    The  genuine  army-worm  in  tbe  West.     <Amer. 

Nat.,  September  [23  August  j,  1881,  v.  15,  p.  750. 
Occnrreuce  ami  ravagos  of  Leiicania  unipuncia  in   Illiiiois  and    Indiana  in 
1881 ;  these  larvae  either  from  eggs  of  hibernated  moths  or  of  a  second  lirood  ; 
other  insects  mistaken  for  this  iu  other  States ;  periods  of  the  Leuvania  and 
inllueuce  of  the  seasons  npou  it. 

2010.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]    A  new  imported  enemy  to  clover.    <Amer.  Nat, 

September  [23  August],  1881,  v.  15,  pp.  750-751. 

Clover  injured  by  Phytouomus  ptinctatiis  at  BarriuRtou,  ^^  Y.,  in  July,  1881. 

2011.  [Riley,  C.  V.]  Another  enemy  of  the  rice-phint.     <Amer.  Nat., 

September  [23  August],  1881,  v.  15,  p.  751. 
Rice-phints  injured  by  the  hirva  of  Laphi/gma  frugipcrda  in  Georgia  in  the 
snmnier  of  18il. 

2012.  [RiLEY,  C.  v.]    Canker-worms.    <Amer.  Nat.,  September  [23  Au- 

gust], 1881,  V.  15,  p.  751. 
Excessive  ravages  of  Palcacrita  vernata  in  Tazewell  County,  Illinois,  in  1881. 

2013.  [Riley,  C.  v.]     Lepidopterological  notes.    <Amer.  Nat.,  Septem- 

ber [23  August],  1881,  V.  15,  pp.  751-752. 
Advance  extract  from  Bull.  No.  6,  U.  S.  Entomological  Commission,  pp.  55- 
56.     See  No.  2026  for  synopsis  of  contents. 

2014.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  periodical  Cicada.     <Amer.  Agric,  August, 

1881,  V.  40,  p.  132,  5  figs.  S.-b.  No.  23,  p.  141. 
Brief  sketch  of  the  natural  history  of  Cicada  l^Tibicen']  aeptendecim  and  C. 
[=  T.]  tredecim,  with  figures  of  all  stages  and  of  punctured  twigs;  the  re- 
puted stinging  by  these  insects  jirobably  done  by  Stizns  (jrandis  1=^  Spheciua 
speciosus'] ;  figure  of  the  Slij:u8 ;  recommends  the  substitution  of  the  name 
"periodical  Cicada"  in  place  of  the  name  "locust." 

2015.  Riley,  C.  V.     Entomological  notes.     <Farmer'8  Review,  22  Sep- 

tember, 1881.  S.-b.  No.  42,  pp.  54-55.  Reprint:  <Amer.  Nat., 
[3]  December,  1881,  v.  15,  i)p.  1012-1013.  See  :  <Sci.  Amer.,  11 
February,  1882.  S.-b.  No.  38,  p.  1^. 
Abstract  and  critical  review  of  paper  by  M.  Saint-Andrd ;  attempted  explana- 
tion of  the  immunity  of  grape-vines  in  sandy  soil  from  the  ravages  of  Phyl- 
loxera vastatrix. 

2016.  RiLEY",  C.  V.     '^otes  on  Hydrophilus  triangul^iris.    <Amer.  Nat., 

October  [23  September],  1881,  v.  15,  pp.  814-817,  figs.  1-2. 
Description  and  figures  of  egg-case  and  figures  of  eggs  and  of  male  imago, 
with  structural  details  of  Hydrophilua  triaiigularia  ;  characters  and  life-his- 
tory of  the  larva  and  pupa ;  figures  of  eggs,  egg-case,  larva,  and  pupa  of 
H.  piceu8  of  Europe. 

2017.  [ Riley,  C.  V.J     Migration  of  plant-lice  from  one  plant  to  another. 

<Amer.  Nat.,  October  [23  September],  1881,  v.  15,  pp.  819-820. 
Exposition  of  J.  Lichtenstein's  theory  that  most  Aphididw,  especially  gall- 
making  Pemphigini,  live  upon  two  different  plants  in  passing  through  their 
cycle  of  development ;  cites  instances  in  which  the  host-plants  are  of  differ- 
ent families. 

2018.  [Riley,  C.  v.]     The  chinch-bug.     <Amer.  Nat.,  October  [23  Sep- 

tember], 1881,  V.  15,  pp.  820-821. 
The  abundance  of  Jilisaus  hncopterus  is  connected  with  the  moistare  of  the 
season  ;  extraordinary  noxiousness  of  this  insect  in  the  dry  season  of  1881 
in  various  parts  of  the  United  States. 


282  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2019.  [Riley,  C.Y.]     Phylloxera  laws.    <Amer.  Nat.,  October  [23  Sep- 

tember], 1S81,  V.  15,  p.  821. 
Summary  of  the  exisiing  laws  regulating  the  traffic  in  plants,  with  a  view  of 
preventing  the  introduction  of  P/ij/i/oxera  vasiatrix  into  different  countries. 

2020.  [I^ILEY,  C.  v.]    One  half  the  viue  area  of  Frauce  affected  by  Phyl- 

loxera. <Amer.  ISTat.,  October  [23  September],  1881,  v.  15,  p. 
821. 

Statement  that  nearly  one-fonrth  of  the  area  of  vineyards  in  France  ia  de. 
etroyed  by  Phylloxera  vastairix  and  as  much  more  attacked  ;  submersion  the 
only  sure  remedy,  and  the  use  of  American  resisting  stocks  the  only  avail- 
able preventive. 

2021.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     London  purple  and  Paris  green.     <Amer.  Nat., 

October  [23  September],  1881,  v.  15,  p.  821. 
Loudon  purple  more  than  twice  as  efficacious  and  less  expensive  than  Paris 
green  as  an  insecticide  ;  it  needs  to  be  well  ground;  composition  of  London 
purple. 

2022.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Entomologist  for  the  Pacific  coast.    <  Amer.  Nat., 

October  [23  September],  1881,  v.  15,  pp.  821-822. 
Notice  of  attempts  made  to  have  a  State  entomologist  apijointed  in  California. 

2023.  [Riley'',  0.  v.]     Dilar  in  North  America.     <Amer.  Nat.,  October 

['Z3  September],  1881,  v.  15,  p.  822. 
Notice  of  paper  by  R.  McLachlan. 

2024.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Locusts  in  Nevada.     <Amer.  Nat.,  October  [23 

September],  1881,  v.  15,  p.  822. 
Statement  from  Reno  [Nov.]  Jourual  that  the  countless  locusts  which  hatched 
in  western  Nevada  in  the  spring  of  1861  flew  toward  the  Sierra  Nevada 
without  doing  any  injury. 

2025.  [Riley,  C.  V.j     Odor  in  butterflies.     <Amer.  Nat.,  October  [23 

September],  1881,  v.  15,  p.  822. 
Notice  of  paper  by  Miss  M.  E.  Murtfeldt. 

2026.  Riley,  C.  V.    General  index  and  supplement  to  the  nine  reports 

on  the  insects  of  Missouri.  <Bull.  No.  6,  TJ  .S.  Ent.  Commission 
[24  March],  1881, 178  pp. 
Order  of  matter  :  (1)  Introduction.  (2)  Table  of  contents.  (3)  Corrections. 
(4)  Notes  and  additions.  (5)  Descriptions  of  new  species  and  varieties. 
(6)  List  of  descriptions  of  adolescent  states.  (7)  List  of  descriptions,  mostly 
amplified,  of  species  not  new.  (8)  List  of  illustrations  by  reports.  (9) 
Classified  list  of  illustrations.  (10)  General  index.  (11)  Index  to  food- 
plants. 

2027.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     The  permanent  subsection  of  entomology  at  the 

recent  meeting  of  the  A.  A.  A.  S.  <Amer.  Nat.,  1881,  v.  15, 
November  [28  October],  pp.  909-912 ;  [3]  December,  pp.  1008- 
1011. 

Notice  of  the  meeting  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  August.  1881,  with  abstracts  and 
notices  of  papers  read. 

2028.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  new  imported  clover  enemy.    <Amer.  Nat., 

November  [28  October],  1881,  v.  15,  pp.  912-914. 
Occurrence  and  habits  of  Phytonomiis  inmctatus  in  New  York  ;  description  of 
the  egg  and  larva  of  the  same ;  food-plants  of  the  European  species  of 
Phytonomus. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  283 

2029.  JRiLEY,  0.  V.     Crambus  vulgivagellm.     <Auier.  Nat.,  November 

[28  October],  1S81,  v.  15,  pj).  914-915. 
Excessive  abundance  of  this  species  in  the  eastern  United  States  in  18rtl ;  de- 
scription of  the  egg;  method  of  oviposition. 

2030.  Riley,  C.  V.     Larval   habits  of  Sphenophori  that  attack  corn. 

<Amer.  Nat.,  November  [28  October],  1881,  v.  15,  pp.  915-91G. 
Several  species  of  Sjyhciiopltorun  iujniious  to  inaize-plauts  iu  different  parts  of 
the  United  States;  habits  and  ravages  of  S.  robuntu8. 

2031.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Effect  of  drought  on  the  Hessian  fly.     <Amer. 

Nat.,  November  [28  October],  1881,  v.  15,  p.  91G.  See  :  <N.  E. 
Farmer,  10  December,  1881.  S.-b.  No.  45,  p.  39.  <Farmer'8 
Review,  15  December,  1881.     S.-b.  No.  45,  p.  99. 

Hot  and  dry  weather  dries  up  and  kills  Cecidomyia  destructor  and  its  parasites. 

2032.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     SimuUum  from  Lake  Superior.     <Araer.  Nat., 

November  [28  October],  1881,  v.  15,  p.  91G. 
Notice  of  paper  by  H.  A.  Hagen  ;  larvie  and  pupa;  from  Lake  Superior  simi- 
lar to  those  oi'  S.  piciipes,  but  the  images  from  the  same  locality  are  different. 

2033.  [Riley,  0.  V,]     Coleopterous  cave  fauna  of  Kentucky.    <Amer. 

Nat.,  November  [28  October],  1881,  v.  15,  pp.  910,917. 
Notice  of  H.  G.  Hubbard's  investigations;  AdeJops  contains  but  one  species, 
which  seems  to  be  equally  common  in  all  caves  in  the  State ;  Ancphthalmua 
contains  several  species,  and  more  may  be  expected  to  be  found. 

2034.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     Hemipterological   studies.     <Amer.  Nat.,  No- 

vember [28  October],  1881,  v.  15,  p.  917. 
Notice  of  paper  of  V.  Signoret. 

2035.  [RiLEY^,  C.  V.J     Entomology  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y.     <Amer.  Nat, 

November  [28  October],  1881,  v.  15,  p.  917. 
Notice  of  Vol.  4,  No.  1,  of  the  Bulletin  of  the  Bulfalo  Society  of  Natural 
Science-;  list  of  entomological  papers  therein. 

2036.  [Riley,  C.  V.J     Lampyridai.     <Amer.  Nat.,  November  [28  Octo- 

ber], 1881,  V.  15,  p.  917. 
Notice  of  paper  by  J.  L.  Leconte. 

2037.  [Riley,   C.   V.J     Severe    cold    and    hibernating    apple-worms. 

<Amer.  Nat.,  November  [28  OctoberJ,  1881,  v.  15,  ji.  917. 
According  to  A.  J.  Cook  larvai  of  Carpocapm  pomondla  were  killed  in  their 
cocoons  where  exposed  to  the  severe  cold  of  the  winter  of  1880-1881. 

2038.  Riley,  C.  V.     |  Address  delivered  4  November,  1881,  at  the  cotton 

convention  held  in  Atlanta,  Ga.,  2-4  November,  1881.]  <[U. 
S.  Department  of  Agriculture.]  Address  of  Hon.  George  B. 
Loring .  . .  and  other  proceedings  of  the  cotton  convention, 
Washington,  1881,  pp.  19-35.  Reprint:  < Atlanta  Constitu- 
tion, 5  November,  1881.     S.-b.  No.  24,  p.  34. 

Beneficial  and  injurious  inllnence  of  insects;  methods  of  connteractinf;  the 
'same;  ravages  and  natural  history  of  and  so.irrh  for  means  against  J /»<ta 
argillacea  {_=xyUnay,  improved  methods  and  contrivances  for  the  applica- 
tion of  poisons  to  plants. 


284  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2039.  EiLEY,  0.  V.    The  chinch  bug.    <Amer.  Agric,  November,  1881, 

V.  40,  p.  476,  figs.  1-3.     S.-b.  No.  42,  pp.  21-23. 
Ravages,  food-plants,  and  natural  history  of  Blissus  Jencopierus;  descriptions 
and  figures  of  its  several  stages  and  of  dimorphic  form  of  the  imago  ;  effect 
of  wet  weather  upon  it. 

2040.  [Riley,  C.  v.]     Retarded  development  in  insects.     <Amer.  Nat., 

[3]  December,  1881,  v.  15,  pp.  1007-1008.  Reprint:  <Proc. 
Amer,  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.  for  1881,  [13  October],  1882,  v.  30,  pp. 
270,  271.  Notice :  <Gardener's  Chronicle,  27  May,  1882,  v.  17, 
pp.  708-709.  S.-b.  No.  42,  p.  31. 
Eggs  of  Caloptenus  spreUts  retained  their  vitality  four  and  one-half  years  un- 
der abnormal  environment  aud  then  hatched  on  exposure  to  normal  con- 
ditions; speculations  on  the  cause  of  the  phenomena  of  retardation  of  de- 
velopment. 

2041.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Preparation  of  Diptera.    <Amer.  Nat.,  [3]  De- 

cember, 1881,  V.  15,  p.  1008. 

Notice  of  paper  of  J.  Mik. 

2042.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Another  herbivorous  ground-beetle.     <Amer. 

Nat.,  [3]  December,  1881,  v.  15,  p.  1011. 

Anisodactylus  confusns  injuring  strawberry-plants  in  California. 

2043.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     A  disastrous  sheep  parasite.     <Amer.  Nat.,  [3] 

December,  1881,  v.  15,  p.  1011. 

A  parasite  {Trichodcctes  oris  f)  doing  great  injury  to  sheep  in  Illinois. 

2044.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Locusts  in  the  West.     <Araer.  Nat.,  [3]  Decem- 

ber, 1881,  V.  15,  p.  1013. 

Caloptenus  spretus  scarce  in  Colorado  and  Kansas;  Camnula  pelliicida  aibwix- 
daut  on  the  Pacific  coast;  destructiveness  of  locusts  in  many  parts  of 
South  America  and  of  Pachytylua  migratorius  in  Turkey ;  means  adopted 
against  the  latter. 

2045.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Structure  of  the  claw  in  Psocina.    <Amer.  Nat.^ 

[3]  December,  1881,  v.  15,  pp.  1013-1014. 

Notice  of  paper  of  H.  A.  Hageu. 

2046.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     Insect  collection  for  sale.     <Amer.  Nat.,  [3]  De- 

cember, 1881,  V.  15,  p.  1014. 

Notice  of  the  collection  of  Coleoptera  left  by  C.  Trabrandt. 

2047.  Riley,  C.  V.     Peach-tree  bark-borer.    Important  note  from  Prof. 

C.  V.  Riley.     <Rural  New  Yorker,  24  December,  1881,  v.  40,  p. 
866.     S.  b.  No.  42,  p.  13. 
Habits  and  ravages  of  Phlaotribns  liminaris;  means  against  bark-borers. 

2048.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  chinch-bug.     <Amer.  Agric,  December,  1881, 

V.  40,  p.  515,  figs.  1-4.     S.-b.  No.  42,  pp.  23-2u. 
Figures  Anthocoris  [=  Triphlepsi  insidiosus  and  Harpacior  [_=:. Milyas']  cinctua 
as  enemies  of  Blissus  leucopterus  and  Nysins  destructor  \_=:atigustatus']  and 
Piesma  cinerea  as  likely  to  be  confounded  with  it ;  mentions  other  enemies 
of  the  chinch-bug;  means  against  it;  importance  of  irrigation. 

2049.  Riley,  C.V.     On  the  o\\]}o?,ition  of  Prodoxus  decipiens.    <Amer. 

Nat.,  January,  1882  [30  December,  1881],  v.  IG,  pp.  62-63.    Re- 
print: <Proc.  Amer.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.  for  1881  ^13  October], 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  285 

2049.  Riley,  C.  V.— Coutiimed. 

1882,  V.  30,  p.  272.     Separate:  <fSalem,  Mass.,  February,  1882], 
p.  3. 

Time  and  nuiniu'r  of  oviposition  of  I'rodoxns  decipieita  in  nioxii  of  Tucca  fda- 
meiitosa. 

2050.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Clover  insects.     <An)er.  Nat.,  January,  1882  [30 

December,  1881],  v,  IC,  p.  63. 

Notice  of  paper  of  J.  A.  Liiitner. 

2051.  Riley,  C.  Y.    Horn's  classification  of  the  Carabidcc.    <Amer. 

Nat.,  January,  1882  [30  December,  1881],  v.  16,  pp.  03-04. 

Notice  of  paper  of  G.  H.  Horn. 

2052.  [RiLEY,  C.  v.]     The  butterfly-trees  of  Monterey  again.     <Amer 

Nat.,  January,  1882  [30  December,  1881],  v.  16,  p.  64. 

Swarmin.s?  and  migrating  habits  of  Danais  archijtpns;  hibernation  of  the 
same. 

2053.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Interest  felt  in  economic  entomology  in  Califor- 

nia.    <Amer.  Nat,  January,  1882  [30  December,  1881],  v.  10, 
p.  65. 

Notice  of  a  call  issued  by  the  Board  of  State  Horticultural  Commissioners  of 
California  for  a  State  convention  to  consider  horticultural  subjects,  includ- 
ing means  against  insects. 

2054.  [Rlley,  C.  v.]     Obituary.     <Amer.  Nat.,  January,  1882  [30  De- 

cember, 1881],  V.  IG,  p.  G5. 
Biographical  notice  of  J.  D.  Putnam ;  aunouueement  of  the  death  of  G.  V. 
Mniszech. 

2055.  Riley,  C.  V.     New  insects  injurious  to  agriculture.     <Amer. 

Nat.,  February  [25  January],  1882,  v.  16,  p}).  151-152.  Re- 
print: <Proc.  Amer.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.  for  18S1,  [13  October], 
1882,  V.  30,  pp.  272-273. 
The  occurrence  of  previously  unnoticed  noxious  insects  due  to,  1,  the  intro- 
duction of  species  from  abroad;  *2,  previously  existing  unnoticed  species; 
and  3,  the  acquisition  of  new  habits  by  previously  known  innoxious  spe- 
cies ;  in  the  last  case  the  acquisition  of  new  habits  may  be  accompanied  by 
the  acquisition  of  new  descriptioual  character,  thus  constituting  a  new 
species;  new  species  thus  become  developed  within  brief  periods  of  time. 

2056.  [BiLEY,  C.  v.]     New  entomological  periodicals.    <Amer.  Nat., 

February  [25  January],  1882,  v.  16,  pp.  152-153. 

Notice  of  several  prospective  periodicals. 

2057.  [Riley,  C.  v.]     Locust  probabilities  for   1882.     <Araer.  Nat, 

February  [25  January],  18^2,  v.  16,  p.  153. 
Favorable  prospects  of  immunity  from  ravages  of  Calopteitua  apreiua  in  1882. 

2058.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Entomological  notes.     <Anier.  Nat.,  February 

[25  January],  1882,  v.  16,  p.  153. 
Notice  of  J.  J.  Weir's  paper  on  the  "  Le[»idoptera  of  the  Outer  Hebrides,"  etc. 

2059.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Bibliogra])hy  of  gall  literature.     <Amer.  Nat, 

March  [24  February],  1882,  v.  16,  pp.  24U-247. 
J^^ot  joe  of  the  record  of  F.  TIiQroaa. 


286  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

20G0.  EiLEY,  C.  V.  A  new  depredator  infesting  wheat-stalks.  <Amer. 
Nat.,  March  [24  February],  1882,  v.  16,  pp.  247-248,  fig.  1. 
Isosoma  allynii  French  is  a  species  of  Eiipelmus  probably  parasitic  on  some  of 
the  wheat-stalk  feeders  and  on  some  species  of  Chlorops  ;  habits  and  figures 
of  larva  and  description  of  female  imago  of  Isosoma  tritici  [p.  247]  ;  com- 
parisons between  /.  tritici  and  I,  hordei;  alleged  habits  of/,  lineare  of  Eu- 
rope ;  relative  conspicuonsuessof  the  ''  humeral  spot"  in  European,  Ameri- 
can, and  Australian  species  of  Isosoma.     See  No.  2063. 

2061.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    Further  notes  on  the  imported  clover-leaf  weevil 

{Phytonomus  punctatus).     <Amer.  Nat.,  March  [24  February], 

1882,  V.  16,  pp.  248,  249. 
Identitj'  of  Phytonomus  ojnmus  Lee.  with  P. punctatus  Fab. ;  instances  in  which 
injurious  insects  have  been  overlooked  for  a  longtime;  probability  that 
plant-feeding  Coleoptera  imported  from  Europe  will  not  spread  far  from  the 
Atlantic  coast ;  some  species,  injurious  in  Europe,  are  thus  far  innoxious 
in  America  ;  hibernation  of  and  meaus  against  P.  punctatus. 

2062.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Silk- worm  eggs ;   prices  and   where  obtained. 

<Amer.  Nat.,  March  [24  February],  1882,  v.  16,  pp.  249-200. 
Sources  from  which  eggs  of  Sericaria  mori  can  be  obtained  in  the  United  States 
for  purposes  of  silk-culture  ;  prices  at  which  eggs  are  sold  by  Crozier  &  Co. 

2063.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  wheat  Iso.'toma.    A  new  depredator  infesting 

wheat-stalks.  <Rural  New  Yorker,  4  March,  1882.  S.-b.  No. 
42,  pp.  55-56.  See:  <Sci.  Amer.  Suppl.,  17  June,  1882.  S..b. 
No.  37,  p.  57. 

Description  of  female  imago  of  Isosoma  tritici  ;  habits,  ravages,  and  distri- 
bution of  and  means  against  the  same;  comparison  with  related  species; 
a  probable  parasite  of  it,  described  as  Isosoma  q,Uynii  by  G.  H,  French,  be- 
longs to  the  genus  Eupelmus.     See  No.  2060. 

2064.  Riley,  C.  Y.    Possible  food-plants  for  the  cotton-worm.  <Amer. 

Nat.,  April  [22   March,  18S2],  v.  10,    pp.  327-329.     Reprint: 
<Rept.  [U.  S.j  Com.  Agric.  for  1881  and  1882,  1882  [January, 
1883],  pp.  164-106.     Separate :  <pp.  164-166. 
Food-plants  of  Aletia  xylina.     See  No.  2119  for  synopsis  of  contents. 

2065.  [RiLEY,  C.Y.]    Mode  of  feeding  on  the  larva  of  Bytiscus.   <Amer. 

Nat.,  April  [22  March],  1882,  v.  16,  p.  330. 
Notice  of  paper  of  E.  Burgess  ;  structure  of  the  mouth  of  the  larva  of  Dytis- 
cus ;  manner  in  which  this  larva  feeds. 

2066.  [Riley,  0.  Y.]    Entomological  notes.     <Amer.  Nat.,  April  [22 

March],  1882,  v.  16,  p.  330. 
-Brief  notices  of  several  articles  recently  published  with  items  of  news. 

2067.  [Riley,  C.Y.]    Riley's  researches.   Orange  insects  and  the  cotton- 

worm  ;  how  the  orange  insect  operates  and  the  cure  for  its 
ravages ;  the  hibernation  of  the  cotton-worm  ;  settlement  of  a 
mooted  question.  <Florida  Daily  Times,  29  March,  1882.  S.-b. 
No.  42,  pp.  28-29. 
Report  of  interview  with  C.  V.  Riley  ;  discovery  by  W.  H.  Ashmead  that 
"  orange  rust"  is  caused  by  a  mite ;  habits  of  and  means  against  the  same ; 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOxMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  287 

2067.  BiLEY,  C.  v.— Continued. 

successful  application  by  H.  G.  Hubbard  of  an  emulsion  of  kerosene  and 
milk  as  a  means  against  tbis  mito  and  against  scalo-insocts;  proof  of  the 
hibernation  of  Aletia  argiUacea  l^^xylina^  in  the  extreme  south  of  the 
United  States;  means  against  the  Aletia. 

2068.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    Prof.  C.  V.  Eiley  and  the  Yucca  moth.   <Gardener's 

Mo.  and  Hortic,  March,  1882,  v.  24,  p.  92.     S.-b.  No.  23,  pp. 
198-199. 
Critical  review  and  reply  to  editorial  of  T.  Meehan. 

2069.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  NocUiidw  iu  the  Missouri  entomological  reports. 

<Papilio,  March,  1882,  v.  2,  pp.  41-44.     Separate :  <N.  Y.,  1882, 
4  pp. 
Critical  review  of  paper  of  A.  R.  Grote;  discussion  of  the  synonymy  of  the 
Noctuidoe  in  the  Missouri  entomological  reports. 

2070.  Eiley,  C.  V.    Silk-culture  in  the  United  States.  <Sci.  Amer.,  1 

Apiil,  1882  [v.  COj,  n.  s.,  v.  46,  p.  193.    S.-b.  No.  42,  i)p.  93-96. 

Statement  of  the  dangers  to  be  avoided  and  the  obstacles  to  be  overcome  for 
the  successful  establishment  of  silk-cuUare  iu  the  United  States. 

2071.  EiLEY',  O.  V.     Little  known  facts  about  well  known  animals.    A 

lecture  delivered  in  the  National  Museum,  Washington,  D.  C, 
Aprils,  1882.  <Washington,  April,  18S2,  32  pp.,  tigs.  See.. 
<National  Farmer,  13  July,  1882.  S.-b.  No.  42,  p.  15.  <Prai- 
rie  Farmer,  22  July,  18>52.     S.-b.  No.  46,  p.  99. 

The  entomological  subjects  include  brief  and  popular  illustrated  accounts  of 
the  life-histories  and  transformations  of  the  house-lly  (Miisca  domeslica)  and 
mosquito  (Citlex  pij)it>is):  the  development  of  Trombidium  from  Astoma; 
parasitism;  truth  of  the  theory  of  evolution;  reasons  for  the  prevalent 
ignorance  of  natural  history;  interest  aud  value  ol  a  knowledge  of  natural 
history. 

2072.  EiLEY',  C.  V.     Lichtenstein's  theory  as  to  dimorphic  asexual  fe- 

males.     <Amer.  Nat.,  May  [24  April],  1882,  v.  IG,  j).  40!). 
Criticism  of  J.  Lichtenstein's  theory  that  winged  female  Jjj/iirfjda' and  asexual 
female  Cyniindw  are  hirvie,  and  their  eggs  pupie;  errors  in  the  comi)arison 
of  these  forms  with  the  hypermetamorphotic  stages  of  Mcloidw. 

2073.  [EiLEY^,  C.  v.]     Naphthaline  cones  for  the  protection  of  insect 

collections.     <Amer.  Nat.,  May  [24  AprilJ,  1882,  v.  16,  pp.  409- 
410. 
Use  of  and  objections  to  the  use  of  naphthaline  cones ;  formula  of  a  preferable 
protective  mixture. 

2074.  [EiLEY,  C.  v.]     Injurious  insects  in  California.     <Amer.  Nat., 

May  [24  April  |,  1882,  v.  16,  p.  410. 

Notice  of  treatise  of  Matthew  Cooke. 

2075.  [EiLEY,  C.  v.]     Sarcophaga  lineata  destructive  to  locusts  in  the 

Dardanelles.     <Amer.  Nat.,  May  [24  April],  1882,  v.  10,  pp. 
410-411. 
Notice  of  communications,  by  F.  Calvert,  regarding  the  parasitic  habits  of 
Sarcophaga  lineata,  which  preys  upon  (Edipoda  cruciata;  egg-pods  of  the 
eame  locust  destroyed  by  larvse  of  Callostoma  faacipennis. 


288  BIBLIOGKAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2076.  [KiLEY,  C.  v.]     Parasitic  Diptera.     <Amer.  Nat.,  May  [24  AprilJ, 

1882,  V.  16,  p.  411. 
Dilophus  parasitic   in  larvae  of  CTicetoptria  hypericana ;   the  JBihionidw  have 
hitherto  been  known  only  as  vegetable  feeders  in  the  larval  state. 

2077.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  cotton -worm.     <Times  -  Democrat  [Xew  Or- 

leans], 7  May  1882,  v.  — ,  p.  4.     S.-b.  No.  42,  pp.  29-31;  112- 
113 ;  No.  63,  pp.  47-48.    Eeprint :  <Rept.  [U.  S.]  Com.  Agric. 
for  1881  and  1882, 1882  [January,  1883],  pp.  157-159.    Separate : 
<pp.  97-99. 
See  No.  2119  for  synopsis  of  contents. 

2078.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  house-fly.     <Prairie  Farmer,  13  May,  1882. 

S.-b!  No.  39,  p.  122.  See :  <Colman's  Rural  World.  15  June, 
1882.  S.-b.  No.  68,  p.  194.  <Times-Democrat  [New  Orleans], 
24  June,  1882.     S.-b.  No.  42,  p.  31.     <N.  E.  Farmer,  5  August, 

1882. 
Wide  distribution  of  Musca  domesiica ;  identity  of  M.  harpyia  with  the  species; 
description  of  eggs;  habits,  transformations,  and  hibei'nation. 

2079.  Riley,  C.  V.    Habits  of  Gybocephalus.     <Amer.  Nat.,  June  [20 

May],  1882,  v.  16,  p.  514.  , 

Cyhocephahts  nigritulus feeds  on  scales  of  Chionaspis pinifoUi  on  Pinna  elliottii  in 
South  Carolina,  and  C.  califoridcus  on  a  scale  on  apple-trees  in  California. 

2080.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    One  eflect  of  the  Mississippi  floods.     <Amer. 

Nat.,  June  [20  May],  1882,  v.  16,  pp.  514,  515. 
Probability  that  Hgyrus  rugiceps  will  have  been  drowned  out  of  the  refjion 
submerged  for  months  by  the  Mississippi  River;  liability  of  the  importa- 
tion of  new  foes  with  new  seed-plants. 

2081.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Borypliora  decemlineata  in  England.     <Amer. 

Nat.,  June  [20  May],  1882,  v.  16,  p.  515. 
A  living  specimen  carried  from  North  America  to  London,  England,  in  a 
barrel  of  potatoes. 

2082.  [Riley,  C.  v.]     Dr.Dimmock's  inaugural  dissertation.     <Amer. 

Nat.,  June  [20  May],  1882,  v.  16,  p.  515. 
Review  of  G.  Dimmock's  paper  on  "The  anatomy  of  the  mouth-parts  and  of 
the  sucking  apparatus  of  some  Diptera." 

2083.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    The  triungulin  of  Meloidcc.     <Amer.  Nat,  June 

[20  May],  1882,  v.  16,  p.  515. 
The  triungulin  of  Meloe  proscardbceus  was  described  by  J.  L.  Frisch  in  1727. 

2084.  [RiLEY,  C.  Y.]     Fossil  tineids.     <Amer.  Nat.,  June  [20  May], 

1882,  V.  16,  p.  515. 
Notice  of  paper  of  V.  T.  Chambers;  occurrence  of  the  supposed  burrow  of  a 
tineid  larva  in  a  fossil  leaf  of  Acer  sp. 

2085.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Classification  of  North  American  Coleoptera. 

<Amer.  Nat.,  June  [20  May],  1S82,  v.  16,  pp.  515-516. 
Notice  of  the  approaching  completion  of  the  classification  of  the  Coleoptera 
of  North  America  bj^  J,  L,  Leconte  and  G,  H,  Horn. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY,  289 

20S6.  EiLEY,  C.  V.     Hibernation  of  the  army-worm.     <Amer.  Nat, 
June  [20  May],  1881*,  v.  IG,  p.  olG. 
Coulinuation  of  views  iu  regard  to  the  hibernation  of  the  larvas  of  Leucania 
unijjuncta;  places  of  ovipositiou;  prospects  of  exteusivo  injury  by  these 
insects  in  the  more  northern  States  in  1882. 

2087.  EiLEY,  C.  V.     Chinch-bug  and  army-worm  prospects.     <Eural 

is^ew  Yorker,  27  May,  1882.     S.-b.  No.  CI,  p.  27. 

BUssus  Icttcopterus  abundant  in  dry  weather;  Leucania  unijmncta  in  wet 
weather;  the  latter  hibernates  principally  as  a  larva;  its  eygs  secreted  in 
old  grass  and  stubble;  means  against  L.  unipuncta. 

2088.  EiLEY',  C.  Y.     Successful  management  of  the  insects  most  de- 

structive to  the  orange.     <Sci.  Amer.,  27  May,  1882  [v.  60J, 
n.  s.,  V.  46,  pp.  335-336,  5  figs. 
Treats  of  Coccidw  injurious  to  the  orange;  means  against  the  same;  use  of 
kerosene  emulsion ;  figures  stages  of  j^i/tilaspis  jiomicorticis  l=^pomorum'\, 
M,  (jloveri,  and  M.  citricola. 

2089.  EiLEY,  C.  V.     The  utilization  of  ants  in  horticulture.    <]Srature, 

8  June,  1882,  v.  26,  p.  126.    Eeprint :  <Gardener's  Chronicle, 
17  June,  1882,  v.  17,  p.  805.     S.-b.  No.  42,  p.  32. 

Abstract  of  paper  of  C.  J.  Macgowan ;  capture  aud  sale  of  two  species  of 
ants  which  build  ucsts  in  trees;  colonization  of  these  ants  iu  orange  or- 
chards to  destroy  injurious  insects. 

2090.  EiLEY,  C.  Y.     The  army-worm  vs.  the  clover  hay-worm.    Eeme- 

dies  for  the  army-worm.  <Eural  New  Yorker,  10  June,  1882. 
S.-b.  No.  47,  pp.  158-159;  No.  61,  pp.  32-33.  Eepriut:  <Nat. 
Farmer,  22  June,  1882.  S.-b.  No.  37,  p.  123.  <Lancaster 
Farmer,  July,  1882.  S.-b.  No.  46,  p.  104.  <Home  and  Farm,  1 
July,  1882.  S.-b.  No.  37,  p.  122. 
Abundance  of  Leucania  uin2)uncta  and  Asopia  costalis  in  Alabama  and  Ten- 
nessee ;  confusion  of  the  army-worm  with  the  clover  hay-worm ;  prevalence 
of  enemies  of  and  means  against  the  former. 

2091.  EiLEY,  C.  Y.     Eepelliug  insects  by  malodorants.    <Amer.  Nat., 

July  [22  Junej,  1882,  v.  16,  p.  596. 
Critical  review  of  paper  of  J.  A.  Lintner;  odorous  substances  repel  insects 
more  by  their  toxic  properties  than  by  their  odor;  failure  of  attempts  by 
the  nseof  strongly  smelling  substances  to  prevent  oviiiosition  ;  sight,  touch, 
and  taste  generally  more  important  in  insect  economy  than  smell. 

2092.  [EiLEY,  C.  Y.]     Habits  of  Biitacus  aptcrus.    <Amer.  Nat.,  July 

[22  June],  1882,  v.  16,  pp.  596-597. 

Notice  of  paper  of  C.  K.  Osteu  Sacken  ;  locomotion  and  food-habits  of  liitia- 
CU8  ajiterus  in  California. 

2093.  EiLEY,  C.  Y.     Iliih\ti<  of  Coscinoptera  dominicana.    <Amer.  Nat. 

July  [22  June],  1882,  v.  16,  p.  598. 
Discovery  by  F.  H.  King  that  Coacinopiera  dominicana  is  inquilinous  in  ants' 
nests  in  its  earlier  stages  ;  similar  habits  of  related  species. 

2094.  [EiLEY,  C.  Y.]     Sun-spots  aud  insect  life.    <Amer.  Nat,  July 

[22  June],  1882,  v.  10,  pp.  598-599. 

Review  of  paper  of  A.  H.  Swinton  ;  dependence  of  certain  insect  phenomena 
on  the  periods  of  sun-spots,  through  the  detenuination  by  the  latter  of  me- 
teorological conditions. 

19  ENT 


290  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2095.  KiLEY,  C.  V.    The  silk-worm.    No.  1-3.     <  National  Farmer,  13, 

20,  27  July,  1882.     S.-b.  No.  35,  p.  15 ;  No.  48,  pp.  32,  49. 

Nature  of  the  silk-worm ;  stages,  enemies,  diseases,  races ;  wintering  and 
hatching  of  eggs;  feeding  and  rearing  of  larvae;  the  cocoons;  spinning  and 
gathering,  choking  chrysalids;  egg-laying,  reproduction,  reeling,  food- 
plauts. 

2096.  Riley,  C.  V.    Change  of  habit;  two  new  enemies  of  the  egg- 

plant.   <Amer.  Nat.,  August  [28  July],  1882,  v.  16,  pp.  678- 
679. 

Sudden  acquisition  by  Doryphora  juncta  and  by  Cassida  texana  of  the  habits 
of  feeding  on  Solamtm  mehngeiia,  these  species  having  been  found  pre- 
viously on  S.  carolinetise  and  S.  elwagnifolium  respectively;  occurrence  of 
C.  texana  on  S.  caroUnense ;  distribution  of  the  two  insects. 

2097.  Riley,  C.  V.     Notes  on  Microgasters.     <Amer.  Nat.,  August  [28 

July],  1882,  V.  16,  pp.  679-680. 
Critical  review  of  paper  of  A.  S.  Packard ;  synomymical  notes  on  Packard's 
species. 

2098.  [EiLEY,  C.  v.]     Are  honey-bees  carnivorous  ?    <Amer.  Nat.,  Au- 

gust [28  July],  1882,  v.  16,  p.  681. 
Observations  of  Fritz  Miiller  on  the  carnivorous  habits  of  Bi'azilian  Apidce. 

2099.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    The  "overflow  bugs"  in  California.     <Amer. 

Nat.,  August  [28  July],  1882,  v.  16,  pp.  681-682. 
Extract  from  letter  of  Mrs.  A.  E.  Bush,  with  introductory  remarks ;  occur- 
rence of  Platynus  maculicollis  in  such  abundance  as  to  become  a  nuisance. 

2100.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Insects  and  drouth.     <Amer.  Nat.,  September 

[24  August],  1882,  v.  16,  p.  745. 
Occurrence  of  excessive  drouth  iu  the  spring  and  early  summer  of  1880  in 
New  England;  statement  by  S.  Lockwood  of  the  exceptional  abundance  of 
several  insects  in  New  Jersey  in  that  year. 

2101.  Riley,  C.  V.    Probable  sound  organs  in  sphingid  pupae.    <Amer, 

Nat.,  September  [24  August],  1882,  v.  16,  pp.  745-746. 

Occurrence  of  a  peculiar  structure  on  the  abdominal  joints  of  the  pupae  of 
certain  Sphingidce  ;  genera  in  which  this  structure  is  observed;  probable 
connection  of  this  structure  with  the  function  of  producing  sound  as  ob- 
served in  Sphinx  atropos. 

2102.  Riley,  C.  V.    Is  Cyrtoneura  a  parasite  or  a  scavenger  ?    <Amer. 

Nat.,  September  [24  August],  1882,  v.  16,  pp.  746-747. 

Cyrtoneura  stabulans  bred  from  pupse  of  Aletia  argillacea  [=  xylina']  usual  food 
of  this  species ;  doubt  whether  the  species  is  a  parasite  or  is  only  a  scav- 
enger in  decayed  pupae ;  Phora  aletice  merely  a  scavenger ;  great  liability 
of  pupae  of  Aletia  to  decay 

2103.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Habits  of  Polycaon  confertus  Lee.    <Amer.  Nat., 

September  [24  August],  1882,  v.  16,  p.  747. 
Polycaon  confertus  bores  in  twigs  of  apple-  and  pear-trees  and  grape-vines; 
the  larvae  probably  live  in  the  dead  and  dry  wood  of  forest-trees. 

2104.  Riley,  C.  Y.     Dinoclerus  •pusillus  as  a  museum  pest.     <Amer. 

Nat,  September  [24  August],  1882,  v.  16,  p.  747. 

Dinoderus  pusillus  feeds  on  cork  and  paper  lining  in  an  insect  box ;  they  oc- 
cur usually  in  drugs  and  other  stored  and  dry  vegetal  products. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OK    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  291 

2105.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    Mynnecopbilous  Coleoptera.     <Amei-.  Nat.,  Sep- 

tember ['j4  Au^nistJ,  1882,  v.  16,  pp.  747-748. 
Larv;e  aud  iuiagos  of  Euphoria  hbtipes  live  iu  hills  of  Formica  ru/a;  pupie  of 
HijmtnoruH  rufipea  in  nests  of  Formica  fnsca  and  i>f  //.  obncitrus  iu  nestH  of 
another  species  of  ant;  known  niyrniecopliilous  habits  of  Celonia,  Cre- 
mastochilus,  Euparia  ca-ftunca  (in  nests  of  {Solcnopnia  xyloni  [  =  geviinata]), 
Tenebrionidau  and  Jnthicus. 

2106.  [RiLEY,  C.  v.]     Discontinuance  of  publication.     <Amer.  Nat., 

September  [24  August],  1882,  v.  10,  p.  748. 
Annonncement  of  the  discontinnance  of  publication  of  "  Revue  Col6opt6rolo- 
gique  ;  "  critical  review  of  the  same. 

2107.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    Buffalo  tree-hopper  injurious  to  potatoes.    <Amer. 

Nat.,  October  [28  September],  1882,  v.  15,  p.  823. 
Habits,  food-plants,  aud  ravages  of  Cereaa  bubalus. 

2108.  [RiLEY,  C.  v.]     Moths   attracted   by  falling  water.     <Amer. 

Nat.,  October  [28  September],  1882,  v.  16,  p.  826. 
Notice  of  paper  of  J.  S.  Gardner  ;  gleaming  water-falls  in  Iceland  as  attractive 
to  moths  as  artificial  light  would  be. 

2109.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    A  new  museum  pest.     <Amer.  Nat.,  October 

[28  September],  1882,  v.  16,  p.  820.    Reprint :     <Psyche,  Sep- 
tember-October, 1882  [1  March,  1884],  v.  3,  p.  408. 
Pd-imegatoma  variegatum  as  a  pest  in  collections  of  insects. 

2110.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Fleas  feeding  on  lepidopterous  larvae.     <Aiiier. 

Nat.,  October  [28  September],  1882,  v.  10,  p.  826. 
Notice  of  paper  of  C.  J.  Bodeu  ;  abundance  of  fleas  {Pulex  sp.)  where  few  or 
no  warm-blooded  animals    occur  may  be  explained  by  the  feeding  of  the 
fleas  on  insects. 

2111.  [RiLEY,  C.  v.]     [Gasteracantha  cancer.]     <Gonzales  [Tex.]  In- 

quirer. 30  September,  1882.     S.-b.  No.  42,  p.  15. 
Habits  of  Gasteracantha  cancer;  the  male  unknown. 

2112.  RiLEY,  C.  V.    Cicada  septenclecim.     <Gardener's  Mo.  and  Hortic, 

September,  1882,  v.  24,  pp.  274-275.  S.-b.  No.  38,  p.  42  ;  No. 
39,  p.  6;  No.  42,  pp.  2-4. 
Orthography  of  the  names  C.  [=  Tibicen}  aeptendecim  and  C.  [=  T.  ]  tredecim  ; 
natural  relations  of  the  same;  indistinguishability  of  the  species  of  cer- 
tain genera ;  dimorphic  forms  more  numerous  than  usually  recognized ; 
Maasospora  cicadina  parasitic  on  Cicada. 

2113.  KiLEY,  C.  V.    Remarkable  felting  caused  by  a  beetle.     <Rural 

New-Yorker,  14  October,  1882,  v.  41,  pp.  699-700.  S.-b.  No. 
42,  p.  16.  Reprint,  with  changes:  <Amer.  Nat.  [2]  Decem- 
ber, 1882,  V.  16,  pp.  1018-1019. 
Description  of  the  felting  of  the  interior  of  a  pillow-ticking  with  fragments 
of  feathers  formed  by  the  ravages  of  Attagenua  megatoma  within  a  feather 
pillow. 

2114.  RiLEY,  C.  V.    The  buckeye-leaf  stem-borer.     <Amer.  Nat.,  No- 

vember [28  October],  1882,  v.  10,  pp.  013-914;     See:    <Sci. 
Amer.  Suppl.,  10  December,  1882.     S.-b.  No.  47,  p.  145. 

Sericoria  in9trnlana\C\dky\}o\e  =  S.  1==  Steganopt>jcha'\  claypoleana  n.  sp.;  habits 
and  food-plants  of  this  species  and  of  Proteotcraa  mculana ;  distinctions 
between  these  two  species. 


292  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2115.  [Riley,  C.  v.]    Efficacy  of  cbalcid  egg-parasites.    <Amer.Nat., 

November  [28  October],  1882,  v.  16,  pp.  914-915.    See :  <Prairie 
Farmer,  2  December,  1882.    S.-b.  No.  60,  p.  123. 
Beneficial  iuflueuce  and  occasional  vast  abundance  of  egg-parasitic  Chalcididw 
and  especially  of  Trichogramma preliosa  and  of  Telenomus  sp. 

2116.  [Riley,  C.  V.j     On  the   biology    of  Gonatoj^us  pilosus  Thoms. 

<Amer.  Nat.,  November  [28  October],  1882,  v.  16,  p.  915. 
Notice  of  paper  of  J.  Mik;  parasitism  of  Gonatopus  j'edestris  on  Athysanus 
maritima,  and.  oi  G.  pilosus  on  Deltocephalus  xanthoneurus;  tranaforniations 
and  habits  of  G.jj(7osH8;  probable  parasitism  of  a  Gonatopus  (G.  contortu- 
lusl)  on  JmpMscepa  bivittata. 

2117.  Riley,  C.  V.     Species  of  Otiorhynchidce  iDJurious  to  cultivated 

plants.  <Amer.  Nat.,  November  [28  October],  1882,  v.  16,  pp. 
915-916.  See:  <Sci.  Amer.  Suppl.,  16  December,  1882.  S.-b. 
No.  47,  p.  145. 
Aramigus  fuUeri  the  only  species  of  North  American  Otiorhynchidce  whose  de- 
velopment and  earlier  stages  are  known  ;  food-plants  of  several  species ; 
discovery  by  G.  P.  Peffer  of  the  injuries  of  Anametis  grisea  upon  roots  of 
apple-  and  pear-trees. 

2118.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Bombyliid  larvte  destroying  locust  eggs  in  Asia 

Minor.  <Amer.  Nat.,  November  [28  October],  1882,  v.  16, 
pp.  916-917. 

Notice  of  and  extract  from  communications  of  F.  Calvert ;  parasitic  habits  of 
Callostoma  fascipennis ;  similarity  of  habits  of  BomhyliidcB  in  Asia  and  in 
North  America ;  probability  that  the  larvae  of  Caniharis  veslcaioria  and  of 
other  Meloidce  will  be  found  to  feed  on  eggs  of  Acrididw. 

2119.  Riley,  C.  V.     Report  of  the  Entomologist.     <Ann.  Rept.  [U.  S.] 

Commissioner  Agric.  for  1881  and  1882,  1882  [January,  1883], 
pp.  61-214, 20  pi.  Separate :  < Washington,  1  December,  1882, 
pp.  8+167,  20  pi. 

CONTENTS. 
Introduction 1 

Plan  of  the  report,  1 — Insufficiency  of  former  appropriations  to  the 
Entomological  Division,  1 — Reorganization  of  the  Division,  1 — 
Great  increase  in  the  correspondence  of  the  Division,  2 — Prepara- 
tion of  special  bulletins,  2 — Periodical  bulletins  desirable,  2 — 
Special  reports  in  preparation,  2 — Work  of  the  United  States  En- 
tomological Commission,  3 — The  United  States  National  Museum 
in  connection  with  the  Entomological  Division,  3— Assistants, 
agents,  and  observers  of  the  Division,  3 — The  illustrations  to  the 
report,  4. 
Extracts  from  correspondence 4 

Miscellaneous  correspondence  on  various  insects  injurious  to  vege- 
tation in  1881-'82,  4. 
Silk  culture 7 

Distribution  of  eggs  by  the  Department,  7 — Mr.  L.  S.  Crozier's 
opinion  as  to  the  value  of  American  silk  products,  7 — Mr.  E. 
Fasnach  on  the  importance  of  a  home  market  for  silk  products, 
8 — Associations,  8 — Ladies'  Association  at  Spring  Hill,  Ala., 
8 — Women's  Silk  Culture  Association  of  California,  8 — Women's 
Silk  Culture  Association  of  the  United  States,  8 — American  Silk 
Exchange  in  New  York,  8 — Sales  of  eggs  and  cocoons  in  the 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  293 

2119.  KiLEY,  C.  V Contiuued. 

Silk  ci'ltcuk— Coutiuued. 

Uuited  States,  9— Various  reports  from  correspondents  of  the 
division,  9— Experience  in  1882  at  the  Department  in  raising 
worms  fed  on  usage  orange  or  mulberry,  11— New  mulberry  tree 
from  southern  Russia,  13— Business  ventures  in  the  Uuited  States 
in  connection  with  silk-produciug  industry,  13— Sale  of  eggs,  13— 
Second  edition  of  the  manual  of  silk  culture,  14— Preface  thereof, 
14— Reasons  why  the  growing  interest  in  silk  culture  in  the 
United  States  should  be  checked  at  the  present  time,  15— Import 
duty  on  raw  silk  demanded,  16. 

Pyrethrum:   Its  use  as  ax  insecticide 16 

Circular  in  reference  to  Pyrethrum,  16— Distribution  of  seed  by  the 
Department,  16— History  of  Pyrethrum  in  Asia  and  Dalmatia, 
1~— Experience  in  growing  Pyrethrum  roseiim  in  America,  17— 
Soil  best  adapted  for  raising  the  plaut,  18— The  Dalmatian  plant 
in  California,  18— Experience  with  raising  the  plant  at  Washing- 
ton, 18— Preparation  of  the  plaut  for  use,  18— Gathering  and  dry- 
ing the  flowers,  18— Pulverizing,  19— Keeping  the  powder,  19— 
Advantages  and  disadvantages  of  the  powder  as  an  insecticide, 
19— How  Pyrethrum  affects  different  insects,  19— Modes  of  ap- 
plication, 19— Pyrethrum  as  dry  powder,  19— Pyrethrum  applied 
in  fumes,  20— Alcoholic  extract,  20— The  powder  stirred  up  in 
■water,  20— Tea  or  decoction,  21— Reports  from  persons  to  whom 
Pyrethrum  seed  was  sent,  21— Success  in  raising  the  plant  at 
Washington,  24— Miss  M.  E,  Murtfeldt's  experiments  with  pow- 
der on  various  insects,  25. 

Chinch-bug  notes.  BUsshs  lencoptems 27 

Professor  Thomas'  predictions  for  1881;  27—1881  a  chinch-bug  year, 
27— Injury  in  spring  of  1882  in  the  western  States,  27— Irriga- 
tion as  remedy,  28 — Use  of  kerosene  emulsions,  29. 

The  army  worm,  Leucauia  nnipuncta 29 

Habitsand  natural  history,  30— History  of  investigation  in  America, 
30 — Where  the  eggs  are  laid,  30 — Wheu  the  eggs  are  laid,  31 — 
Mode  of  oviposition,  31 — Proliticacy  of  the  moth,  32— Duration 
of  the  egg  state,  32— Habits  of  the  young  worms,  32— Guen<5e'8 
characterization  of  Leucania  larva',  32 — Marching  of  the  worms 
abnormal,  33 — The  marching  worm  not  a  distinct  race,  33 — Dura- 
tion of  worm  life,  34 — Remedies,  34 — Burning  old  grass,  34 — 
Predictions  of  army-worm  years  unreliable.  35— Meteorological 
influences  on  the  species,  3.5 — Ditching  and  fencing  as  remedies, 
36 — Use  of  arsenical  poisons,  36 — Kerosene  and  coal  tar,  36 — 
Heavy  rolling  not  to  be  recommended,  37 — ''Drawing  the  rope" 
of  little  avail  against  the  worm,  37 — Mr.  L.  O.  Howard's  report 
on  army-worm  injury,  1881,  in  Illinois  and  Indiauiv,  37— Reports 
from  correspondents,  spring  of  1882,  39 — Rev.  Samuel  Lock- 
wood's  account  of  the  invasion  of  1880,  in  New  Jersey,  44. 
SCAXE   INSKCTS   OF  THE   0RAN(;K,  BY  H.  G.   HlBBARD 46 

Characterization  of  the  species,  46 — Comparative  destructiveness 
of  the  three  species  treated  of,  47 — Periods  of  migration,  growth, 
and  incubation,  47 — Scale  insects  easily  assailable  only  during  a 
brief  period  of  their  development,  48 — The  hatching  process  and 
its  maximum  periods,  48 — Great  vitality  of  the  eggs,  49 — The 
work  of  enemies  and  parasites,  49 — Lady-bugs,  lace-wings,  and 
lepidopterous    euemies,  48  —  Importance  of    mites  as  external 


294  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2119.  KiLEY,  C.  v.— Continued. 

Scale  insects  of  the  orange— Continued. 

enemies  of  scale  insects,  49 — Hyrnenopterous  parasites  the  most 
efficient  destroyers,  49 — Sudden  outbursts  of  the  pest,  50 — De- 
struction of  the  scales  by  their  own  undue  increase,  51 — Injury 
inflicted  on  young  trees,  and  faulty  methods  of  destroying  the 
scales,  51 — Recapitulation,  51 — Remedies,  52 — Danger  in  apply- 
ing undiluted  volatile  oils,  52 — Kerosene,  when  properly  applied, 
not  injurious  to  the  tiee,  52  —  Process  of  preparing  kerosene 
butter,  52 — Nature  of  kerosene  butter,  53 — How  it  should  be  ap- 
plied, 54 — The  kerosene  butter  a  sure  remedy,  54 — How  it  affects 
the  scales  and  the  eggs,  54  —  The  aquapult  force-pump  very 
convenient  for  applying  kerosene  emulsions,  54 — Effect  of  kero- 
sene emulsion  on  the  tree,  55 — Kerosene  emulsions  experimented 
with,  55 — Whale  oil  soap  as  remedy,  56 — Oil  of  creosote,  its 
effect  on  scale  insects  and  on  the  trees,  56 — Saponaceous  com- 
pounds of  creosote,  57 — Creosote  inferior  to  kerosene  as  insecti- 
cide, 57 — Various  other  substances  as  remedies,  57 — Tables  of 
experiments,  60 — Note  on  more  recent  discoveries  in  producing 
kerosene  emulsions,  by  C.  V.  Riley,  67. 
Insects  affecting  the  rice-plant 67 

Rice  production  in  the  United  States  in  1879,  67. 
The  rice-grub,  Chalepus  trachypygus 68 

Mr.  L.  O.  Howard's  observations  on  the  occurrence  and  habits  of 
the  insect,  68 — It  can  easily  be  kept  in  cbeck,  68 — Structural  char- 
acters and  geographical  distribution  of  the  genus  Chalepus,  69 — 
Description  of  imago  and  larva,  69. 
The  water-weevil,  Lissorhoptr us  simplex 70 

Colonel  Screven  on  the  specific  identity  of  "the  maggot "  and  " the 
water-weevil,"  70 — Mr.  L.  O.  Howard's  report  on  the  occurrence 
of  larva  and  beetle  in  rice-fields,  70 — Habits  of  the  beetle,  71 — 
Remarkable  shape  of  the  larva,  71 — Characters  of  the  genus  Lis- 
sorhoptrus,  72 — Description  of  the  imago,  72 — Description  of  the 
larva,  72. 
The  rice-stalk  borer,  Chilo  oryzaeUus 73 

Mr.  Howard's  account  of  the  work  of  the  larva  and  the  damage 
caused  by  it,  73 — Enemies,  74 — Preventive  measures,  74 — Difficul- 
ties in  the  specific  determination  of  the  insect,  74 — Characteris- 
tics of  the  genus  Chilo,  75 — Description  of  the  moth,  75 — Descrip- 
tion of  larva  and  pupa,  75. 
White  blast 76 

Colonel  Screven's  account  of  the  disease,  76 — Mr.  Howard's  observa- 
tions on  the  insects  found  on  the  diseased  plants,  77 — The  blast 
possibly  caused  by  insect  work,  77. 
Other  Insects  inj  urious  to  growing  rice 78 

The  "grass- worm"  and  its  injury,  78 — The  "lubber  grasshopper," 
78 — Acridium  obsciimm  and  various  Heteroptera,  78. 

Insects  affecting  corn  or  maize 78 

The  corn-bill  bug,  Sphenophorus  robusfus 78 

Species  of  Sphenophorous  injurious  to  agriculture,  78 — Nature  of 
damage  done  by  the  beetles,  79 — Mr.  Howard's  report  on  the  work 
of  the  larva  and  its  development,  79 — Preventive  measures,  80 — 
Burning  the  stubble  in  winter  time  to  be  recommended,  80 — Gen- 
eric characters  of  Sphenophorus  and  its  natural  groups,  80 — Diag- 
nosis of  the  imago,  81 — Description  of  the  larva,  81 — Larva  of 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  295 

2119.  Riley.  C.  V.— Continued. 

Insects  affecting  cokn  ou  iMAizE — Continued. 

Rhodohivnus  Vi-punctatus  and  Rhynchophorua  zimmermannx,  82 — 
Description  of  the  pupa,  82. 

The  smaller  corn-stalk  borer,  Pempelia  lignoseUa 82 

First  appearance  of  the  pest,  82 — Geograpbical  distribution  in  tho 
United  States,  8:}— Habits  and  natural  history,  8:{— Work  of  tho 
larva,  83— Transformation,  83— Habits  of  tho  moth,  H:?_Prevent 
ive  measures,  84 — Color  variations  of  tho  moth,  84— Mouth  parts 
of  the  moth,  84— Description  of  the  larva,  84— Description  of  the 
pupa,  85. 

The  boll-worm,  alias  corn-worm,  Heliothis  armigera 85 

Injury  to  corn  in  1881,  85— Food-plants,  85— Identity  of  the  com- 
worni  and  boll-worm,  85— Number  of  broods  in  the  northern 
States,  86— Nature  of  damage  done  to  corn,  86 — The  worm  also 
feeding  on  hard  corn,  87— Corn-feeding  broods  in  the  southern 
States,  87— Damage  done  to  tomatoes,  88— Food-plants  of  the 
families  Solauace:e  and  Leguminoste,  88— Cucurbitaceous  and 
malvaceous  food-plants,  89— Various  other  food-plants,  89— List 
of  food-plants  probably  still  incomplete,  89— Carnivorous  habit 
of  the  worm,  89— Report  upon  Heliothis  armigera,  by  Judge  Law- 
rence Johnson,  90. 

The  cotton-worm,  Aleiia  xylina ^2 

Address  by  C.  V.  Riley  before  the  Atlanta  cotton  convention,  93— 
Past  work  on  the  practical  side  of  the  cotton-worm  question,  93— 
Obstacles  and  difficulties  of  the  investigation,  93— Natural  his- 
tory, 94— The  insect  in  its  different  stages,  94— Time  of  develop- 
ment and  first  appearance  of  the  worms,  94— Poisons  best  applied 
from  beneath,  95— Improvements  in  machinery  for  applying  poi- 
sons, 95— Nozzles  of  various  forms,  96— Machinery  for  poisoning 
from  below,  96. 

Protection  from  injury  in  regions  overflowed  by  the  Mississippi 97 

Poisons  should  be  applied  to  the  under  surface  of  the  leaves,  98— 
Paris  green  and  Loudon  purple,  96— Sprinkling  and  sifting,  98- 
Devicefor  mixing  poisons  and  diluents,  98— Arsenic  and  arseniate 
of  soda,  98 — Early  poisoning,  99. 

Poisoning  devices— machine  for  spraying  from  below 99 

The  skid,  99— Device  for  thorough  mixing  and  filling  the  barrel, 
100— Details  of  barrel,  pomp,  and  stirrer,  100— Inserting  and  ex- 
tricating the  stirrer-bar,  100— Fork  of  the  descending  pipe,  100— 

The  nozzles,  102. 

-^  102 

Damage  in  ISol *" 

Loss  of  cotton  by  worms  by  States  and  counties,  102  —  Loss  of 
cotton  by  worms  in  1881,  tabulated,  104. 
Possible  food-plants  of  the  cotton-worm 1^^ 

No  other  food-plant  than  cotton  yet  found,  104— Eggs  of  Anomis 
erosa  found  on  Frvna  lobata,  104-Eggsand  young  larviw  of  Anomis 
erosa  distinguished  from  those  of  ^'eha  xiilina,  105— Plants  upon 
which  eggs  related  to  Aletia  were  found  in  the  Department  her- 
barium, 105-Localities  for  malvaceous  plants,  with  possible 
food-plants  of  Aletia  indicated,  105. 
The  (luestion  of  hibernation  settled 

Theories  of  hibernation,  106— Eggs  deposited  early  in  March,  lOG— 
The  early  brood  of  worms,  10(^Where  tho  moth  hibernates, 
106— Value  of  fall  and  winter  preventive  work,  106. 


106 


296  BIBLIOGEAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2119.  EiLEY,  C.  v.— Continued. 

Miscellaneous  insects 107 

The  Urena  anomis,  Anomis  erosa 107 

Habits  and  natural  history;  resemblance  to  the  cotton-worm,  107 — 
Distribution,  107 — Its  eggs  mistal^en  for  those  of  Aletia,  108 — Dis- 
tinguishing characters,  108 — Habits  of  larvae,  108 — Characters  of 
moth,  109— Descriptive,  109. 

The  clover  leaf-beetle,  Phytonomus punctatiis Ill 

Habits  of  the  genus  Phytonomus,  111 — Ph.  imnctatiis  an  European 
insect.  111 — Food-plants  of  European  species,  111 — History  of  Ph. 
punctaius  in  N.  A.,  Ill — Specific  identity  oi  Ph.punclatus  and  Ph. 
oinmus,  112 — When  first  noticed  as  destructive,  112 — Damage  in 
Yates  County,  N.  Y.,  in  1881,  112 — Mr.  Schwarz'a  observations  in 
June,  1882,  113 — Life  history  of  the  species,  113 — The  eggs,  113 — 
The  newly-hatched  larvae,  113 — Method  of  locomotion  of  larvaj, 
114— The  cocoon,  114 — Method  of  spinning,  115 — Its  method  of 
spitning  differs  from  that  alleged  of  the  European  Ph.  rumicis, 
115 — Principal  damage  done  in  the  beetle  state,  115 — Feeds  on 
white  and  red  clover,  115 — Length  of  life  in  the  different  states, 
115 — Number  of  annual  broods,  11(3 — A  second  brood  exceptional, 
116— Remedies,  117— Will  it  spread?,  117 — Natural  enemies,  117 — 
Description  of  earlier  states,  118. 

The  vagabond  Crambus,  Cramhus  vuhjivagellns 119 

History  of  its  injury  and  identification,  119 — Correspondence  with 
Professor  Lintner,  119 — Abundance  of  the. moths  in  the  eastern 
States  in  1881,  119 — Habits  and  natural  history,  119— The  eggs, 
120— The  larva  and  its  tube,  120— Habits  of  the  moth,  120— Dam- 
age done  by  the  worms,  120 — Parasites,  121 — Similarity  of  habit 
in  an  European  species,  121 — Remedies,  121 — Descriptive,  121 — 
Specimens  from  Vancouver's  Island  compared,  121 — Descriptions 
of  earlier  states,  122— Bibliographical  list,  122. 

The  wheat  Isosoma,  Isosoma  tritici - 123 

Past  history  and  habits,  123 — When  first  studied,  123— Professor 
Thomas  finds  it  in  Illinois  and  Dr.  Packard  in  Virginia,  123 — Its 
work  differs  from  that  of  the  joint-worm,  123 — Its  injuries  in 
Missouri,  124 — Professor  French's  observations,  124 — Comparisons 
with  the  joint-worm  and  other  allied  species,  124 — Errors  cor- 
rected, 125 — Its  relationship  to  the  European  /.  lineare;  habits 
of  latter,  125 — Number  of  broods,  125 — Remedies,  125 — Parasites, 
126 — Descriptive,  126 — Bibliographical  list,  126. 

The  sorghum  web-worm,-  y^ola  sorghiella .- 127 

Its  injuries,  127— Letter  from  J.  P.  Stelle,  127— Habits,  128— Method 
of  work,  128 — Systematic  position,  128 — Descriptive,  128 — Earlier 
.  stages,  129. 

The  catalpa  sphinx,  Ceratomia  catalpce 129 

Value  of  the  catalpa  tree,  129 — Its  usual  exemption  from  insect 
attacks,  129 — Past  history  of  Sphinx  catalpw,  129— Its  larvae  used 
as  fish  bait,  130 — Its  distribution,  130 — Extracts  from  correspond- 
ence concerning  the  larva,  130 — Characters  and  natural  history: 
The  eggs,  131 — The  larvae,  131 — The  pupa,  131 — Description  of 
the  moth,  131 — Number  of  broods,  132 — Remedies,  132 — Descrip- 
tive, 132 — Peculiarity  of  structure  of  pupa,  133. 

The  osage  orange  sphinx,  Ceratomia  hageni . 133 

Value  of  the  osage  orange,  133 — Its  comparative  exemption  from 
insect  attack,  133 — Rarity  of  the  osage  orange  sphinx,  133 — Its 
generic  place,  133 — Characters  of  the  species,  134— Its  affinities, 
134 — Description  of  larva,  134. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  297 

2119.  EiLEY,  C.  v.— Continued. 

REPOUT  ON'   MISCKLLAXKOUS   IXSECTS,  BY    PUOF.  J.  IIeXRY  COM8TOCK.         135 

The  apple-magfjot,  Tri/pcta  pomomUa 135 

Its  iinportatuc  couijiared  with  the  codlin  moth.  1:55 — Method  of 
work,  135 — Food-phmrs,  135 — Its  spread,  13() — Extracts  from  cor- 
respondence, 13() — Early  apples  principally  infested,  13G — Tech- 
nical de8crii)tions  of  ditferent  states,  137 — Remedies,  138 — Manner 
of  distinguishing  it  from  codlin-moth  larva,  138. 
The  Tine-loving  pomaco-fly,  Diosophila  ampelophila •  138 

Reasons  for  popular  name,  139 — Reasons  for  treating  of  the  spe- 
cies, 139 — Where  found,  139 — Rapidity  of  multiplication,  139 — 
Destructive  to  grapes,  139 — Technical  descriptions  of  different 
stages,  140 — Remedies,  141. 
The  pretty  pomace-lly,  Drosoph'da  amocna 141 

Technical  descriptions  of  dififerent  stages,  141 — Remedies,  142. 
The  ocellate  leaf-gall  of  the  red-maple,  Scia^-a  oceUaris 142 

Distribution,  142 — Description  of  gall,  142 — Description  of  larva, 
143 — Its  cocoon,  143 — Number  of  generations,  143 — Gall  described 
as    cecidomyid   by   Osten -Sacken,    143 — Auother  gall -making 
Sciara,  143 — Description  of  adult  male,  144. 
Ladybirds,  Coccinellido' 144 

General  remarks  on  habits,  144 — The  ashy-gray  ladybird,  144 — De- 
scription of  larva,  144 — Description  of  pupa,  145 — The  adult,  145 — 
The  blood-red  ladybird,  145 — Description  of  pupa,  145 — The  lady- 
bird of  the  cactus,  145 — Descriptions  of  larva  and  pupa,  145 — The 
ambiguous  Hippodaniia,  140 — Descriptions  of  larva  and  pupa,  . 
146— Other  species  observed  at  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  146. 
Methods  of  destroying  scale  insects 146 

Note  by  the  Entomologist,  dissenting  from  the  conclusions  of  this 
article,  146— -Letter  from  S.  F.  Chapin,  147— Letter  from  Matthew 
Cooke,  148— Method  of  spraying  trees  in  groves,  148 — Mr.  Chapin's 
contrivance,  148. 
Lac  insects,  Carteria 149 

General  remarks,  149— The  genus  Carteria  of  Signoret,  49— Carferia 
lacca  (Kerr);  general  appearance,  149 — Preparation  for  study, 
150_Technical  description,  150— Remarks  on  Mr.  Carter's  descrip- 
tion, Ibl— Carteria  larreo'  n.  sp.,  151— Remarks  on  the  creosote 
plant,  151— Mr.  J.  M.  Stillman's  paper,  151— Differs  from  C.  lacca, 
151— Technical  description  of  C.  larrea\  ir^2— Carteria  viexicana  u. 
sp.,  152— Where  found,  152— General  appearance,  152— Technical 
description,  152. 
A  new  wax  insect,  Cerococcm  quercus 153 

General  description,  153— Can  it  be  utilized  ?,  153— C'crococcu/*  new 
genus,  153 — Cerococcm  quercus  n.  sp.,  153— Female  sac,  153 — Fe- 
male, 154 — Male  sac,  154. 
Note  on  the  structure  of  mealy  hugs l**"* 

The  anal  and  genital  openings  distinct,  154— Two  pairs  of  openings 
homologous  with  the  honey  tubes  of  Aphidida",  154. 

2120.  fRiLEY,C.V.]    A  new  rice  stalk-borer:  Genus-grinding.    <Amer. 

Xat,  [2 J  December,  1882,  v.  IG,  pp.  1014-1015. 
Extract  from  Rept.  [V.  S.]  Commis.  Agric.  for  ISSl  and  1882,  pp.  134-13.-), 
with  additional  remarks;    Chilo  oryzaellus  =  Diphryi  prolatrlla  ;    Diphn/x 
Grote  founded  on  a  mutilated  specimen,  with  mistake  of  maxillary  for 
labial  palpi. 


298  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2121.  [Riley,  C.V.]     A  butterfly  larva  injurious  to  pine-trees.     <Amer. 

Nat.,  [2]  December,  1882,  v.  16,  pp.  1015-1016. 
Habits  and  ravages  of  Pieris  menapia  on  yellow-pine  and  tamarack  in  "Wash- 
ington Territory. 

2122.  [Riley,  C.  V.J     The  army-worm  in  1882.     <Amer.  Nat.,  [2]  De- 

cember, 1882,  V.  16,  p.  1017. 
Occurrence  of  Leucania  unipuncta  in  great  abundance  and  with  disastroos 
effects,  especially  in  southern  United  States  in  1882. 

2123.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     The  wheat-stalk  worm  on  the  Pacific  coast. 

<Amer.  Nat.,  [2]  December,  1882,  v.  16,  pp.  1017-1018. 
Isosoma  tritici  injuring  wheat-stalks  in  Washington  Territory;  reference  to 
prior  notices  of  this  insect. 

2124.  [Riley,  G.  Y.]     Deserved  honor.     <Amer.  Nat.,  [2]  December, 

1882,  V.  16,  p.  1018. 

Notice  of  the  appointment  of  Eleanor  A.  Ormerod  to  be  consulting  entomolo- 
gist to  the  Royal  Agricultural  Society  of  Great  Britain. 

2125.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     Important  work  on  Cynipidce.     <Amer.  Nat.,  [2] 

December,  1882,  v.  16,  p.  1018. 
Notice  of  G.  Mayr's  "Die  europiiischen  Arten  der  gallenbewohnenden  Cyni- 
piden." 

2126.  RiLEY"",  C.  Y.    Emulsions  of  petroleum  and  their  value  as  insecti- 

cides.    <Rural  New  Yorker,  9  December,  1882,  v.  41,  j)p.  833, 
834.     S.-b.  No.  42,  pp.  17-18. 

Results  of  experiments  made  upon  methods  of  using  petroleum  as  an  insecti- 
cide without  injury  to  plants ;  soap  and  milk  emulsions  the  most  available ; 
methods  of  preparing  the  same. 

2127.  Riley  ,  C.  Y.     The  bean-weevil.     <Rural  New  Yorker,  9  Decem- 

ber, 1882,  V.  41,  p.  835.     S.-b.  No.  42,  p.  18. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  R.  J.  B. ;  habits  of  and  means  against  Bruchus  fahm. 

2128.  Riley,  C.   Y.    The  "  cluster-fly."     <Prairie  Farmer,  23  Decem- 

ber, 1882,  V.  54,  p.  7.     S.-b.  No.  42,  pp.  16-17.     Reprint :  < Amer. 
Nat.,  [5]  January,  1883,  v.  17,  pp.  82-83. 
Habits  and  synonymy  of  Pollenia  rudis;  notice  of  other  accounts  of  the  swarm- 
ing of  Diptera.     See  No.  2174. 

2129.  Riley,  C.  Y.    Darwin's  work  in  entomology.     <Proc.  Biol.  Soc. 

Wash.,  1882,  v.  1,  pp.  70-80. 
Analysis  of  the  interest  shown  by  C.  R.  Darwin  in  entomology  and  of  his 
contributions  to  the  same. 

2130.  Riley,  C.  Y.    The  cotton- worm.     <Western  Farmer's  Almanac 

for  1883,  1882,  p.  40.     S.-b.  No.  42,  p.  71. 
Various  theories  hitherto  held  in  regard  to  the  hibernation  of  Aleiia  argillacea 
1=: xylinal ;  proof  of  its  hibernation;  seasons  and  conditions  of  develop- 
ment of  the  first  brood  of  the  year,  precautionary  measures  to  be  adopted. 

2131.  Riley,  C.  Y.     Pyretbrum,  an  important  insecticide.     <Western 

Farmer's  Almanac  for  1883,  1882,  pp.  41-42.  S.-b.  No.  42,  p.  49. 
See :  <Prairie  Farmer,  27  Jan  uary ,  1883.  S.-b.  No.  42,  pp.  56-58. 
Condensed  account  of  the  history  of  the  use  of  pyrethrum  flowers  as  an  in- 
secticide ;  cultivation  of  the  plants  and  preparation  of  the  powder  ;  meth- 
ods of  its  application  ;  experiments  in  the  cultivation  of  the  plants. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  299 

2132.  [Riley,    C.    V.]     Now   lists   of  North   American    Lepidoptera. 

<Ainer.  Nat.,  [5]  January,  1883,  v.  17,  pp.  80-82. 
Reviews  of  lists  of  Brooklyn  Entomological  Society,  of  C.  H.  Fernald  and 
A.  R.  Grote. 

2133.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Naphthaline  cones.    <Amer.  Nat.,  [5J  January, " 

1883,  V.  17,  pp.  83,  84. 
The  cones  stain  the  itaper  lining  of  boxes;  they  seem  to  destroy  mites  and 
Psoci  very  soon,  bnt  have  little  effect  on  Dcrmestidce. 

21.34.  Riley,  C.  V.  Emulsions  of  petroleum  as  insecticides.  <Sci. 
Anier.,  6  January,  1883  [v.  C2],  n.  s.,  v.  48,  p.  3.  S.-b.,  No.  42, 
pp.  4-7. 
Notice  of  experiments  made,  under  author's  direction,  in  1882,  in  the  use  of 
emulsions  of  kerosene  oil ;  report  of  H.  G.  Hubbard  upon  experiments  made 
by  him ;  critical  review  of  S.  F.  Chapin's  "  Scale  insects  on  deciduous  and 
ornamental  trees; ''  effect  of  pure  kerosene,  of  emulsions,  and  of  lye  upon 
trees. 

2135.  Eiley,  C.  V.    Entomological  notes.    <Rural  New  Yorker,  13  Jan- 

uary, 1883.  S.-b.  No.  42,  p.  78.  See :  < Amer.  Nat.,  1883,  v.  17, 
pp.  198-199. 
1.  A  new  enemy  to  wax-beans;  extract  from  letter  of  G.  H.  Stone,  on  the 
food-plants,  habits,  and  ravages  of  Epihichna  corrupta;  distribution  of  the 
same.  2.  Spreadof  the  12-punctured  asparagus  beetle;  increasing  noxious- 
ness of  Crioctris  \2-punctata  recorded  from  near  Baltimore,  Md.,  by  O.  Lug- 
ger;  comparative  description  of  this  species  with  C  rtsjjara^t.  3.  An  inter- 
nal mite  in  fowls ;  presence  of  Cytoleichus  sarcoptoidcs  in  lungs  and  other 
parts  of  diseased  chickens. 

2136.  [Riley,  C.  v.]    The  "liguified  snake  of  Brazil."    <Evening:  Star 

[Washington,  D.  C],  20  January,  1883,  v.  01,  p.  2.  S.-b.  No. 
42,  pp.  59-60.  Reprint :  <Sci.  Amer.  Suppl.,  17  February,  1883. 
See:  <Science,  23  February,  1883,  v.  1,  p.  84. 

Discussion  of  a  specimen  of  problematical  character,  supposed  to  be  the  bor- 
row of  a  larva  under  bark  ;  notice  of  writings  upon  the  subject ;  frequency 
with  which  the  true  nature  of  natural  objects  is  mistaken;  letter  from  J. 
H.  Hutchins  accompanying  a  gall  of  Cecidomyia  vitis-pomum  mistaken  for  a 
hybrid  fruit. 

2137.  Riley,  (3.  V.     Utilization  of  ants  in  horticulture.    <Sci.  Amer., 

27  January,  1883  [v.  C2J,  n.  s.,  v.  48,  p.  49.     S.-b.,  No.  42,  pp. 
G5-66. 
Abstracts  of  papers  of  C.  J.  Macgowan  and  H.  C.  McCook,  with  additional 
notes;  the  introduction  of  ants  might  involve  objectionable  consequencea; 
probability  that  they  would  not  be  of  service  against  Coccida. 

2138.  Riley,  C.  V.     Natural  sugaring.     <Amer.  Nat.,  February  [31 

January],  1883,  v.  17,  pp.  197-198.    Reprint :  <Country  Gentl., 
31  May,  1883,  v.  48.     S.-b.  No.  42a,  p.  297. 
Lachtius  plntanicola  n.  sp.  [p.  198],  abundant  in  1H>^2  on  sycamore  trees;  de- 
scription of  the  species;  attraction  of  great  numbers  of  insects  to  its  sac- 
charine exudations,  and  growth  of  Fitmago  salir'nia  upon  these  exudations. 

2139.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Trogoderma  tarsale  as  a  museum  pest.     <Amer. 

Nat.,- February  [31  January],  1883,  v.  17,  p.  199. 

Notice  of  paper  of  F.  H.  !?uow :  remarks  on  the  abundance  and  ravages  of 
Trogoderma  tarsale;  habits  of  its  larva. 


300  BIBLIOGKAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2140.  [EiLEY,  C.  v.]     Phylloxera  in  California.    <Amer.  Nat.,  Feb- 

ruary [31  January],  1883,  v.  17,  pp.  199-200. 

Fhylloxera  vastairix  in  California  is  most  injurious  in  moist  soils. 

2141.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    The  hibernation  of  Aletia  xylina  [Say]  in  the 

United  States  a  settled  fact.  <Sci.  Amer.,  3  February,  1883, 
V.  48,  p.  68.  S.-b.  No.  42,  pp.  66-67.  Keprint :  <Proc.  Amer. 
Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.  for  1882, 1883,  v.  31,  pp.  468-469.  Separate : 
<Sa]em,  Mass.,  July,  1883,  pp.  468-469.  Abstract:  <Amer. 
Nat.,  April  [15  March],  1883,  v.  17,  pp.  420-421.  <Nature,  28 
December,  1882,  v.  27,  p.  214. 
Proof  of  the  hibernation  of  Alt.tia  xylina  as  a  moth  and  of  the  perpetual  ex- 
istence of  the  species  in  Florida. 

2142.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Fostering:  the  study  of  economic  entomology. 

<Rural  New-Yorker,  12  February,  1883.     S.-b.  No.  42,  p.  58. 
Reprint:  <Amer.  Nat.,  April  [15  March],  1883,  v.  17,  p.  420. 

Efforts  of  the  French  for  the  promotion  of  economic  entomology. 

2143.  [RiLEY^  C.  v.]    Diseases  of  the  chinch-bug.    <Rural  New-Yorker, 

17  February,  1883.     S.-b.  No.  42,  p.  58. 
Note  concerning  paper  of  S.  A.  Forbes  on  two  fungus  parasites  of  Bliasiis 
leucopterns. 

2144.  R[iley],   C.  v.     [Instinct  of  Cicada    [=  Tihicen]   septendecim.] 

<Amer.  Nat.,  March  [21  February],  1883,  v.  17,  p.  322. 
Remarks  on  note"  of  E.  W.  Claypole  ;  sense  of  direction  in  insects. 

2145.  [Riley,  C.  V.J     Food-habits  of  Megilla  maculata.    <Amer.  Nat., 

March  [21  February],  1883,  v.  17,  pp.  322-323. 

Summary  of  S.  A.  Forbes'  observations  upon  the  food  of  Megilla  maculata; 
results  of  other  observations  on  this  subject. 

2146.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Clothes-moths  observed  in  the  United  States. 

<Amer.  Nat.,  March  [21  February],  1883,  v.  17,  p.  323. 
Notice  of  paper  by  C.  H.  Fernald. 

2147.  Riley,  C.  V.    Entomological  notes.     <Rural  New  Yorker,  27 

February,  1883.     iS.-b.  No,  42,  p.  58.     See :  <Amer.  Nat.,  April 
[15  March],  1883,  v.  17,  pp.  419-420. 

Abstract  of  the  rules  of  the  international  convention  at  Berne  for  the  pre- 
vention oi Phylloxera  ravages;  their  adoption  by  Belgium. 

2148.  Riley,  C.  V.    Notice  of  an  illustrated  essay  on  the  Noctuida:  of 

North  America.  <Bull.  Brooklyn  Ent.  Soc,  February,  1883,  v. 
5,  pp.  77-79.     Separate  :     <[Brooklyn,  B.  Y.,  1883],  4  pp. 
Critical  review  of  A.  R.  Grote's  essay. 

2149.  Riley,  C.  V.    Concerning  canker-worms.     <Indiana  Farmer,  3 

March,  1883.  S.-b.  No.  56,  p.  09.  <Prairie  Farmer,  3  March, 
1883.  S.-b.  No.  56,  p.  69.  <Pacific  Rural  Press,  10  March, 
1883.  S.-b.  No.  54,  p.  15.  <Lancaster  Farmer,  March,  1883. 
S.-b.  No.  56,  p.  72.  <Gardener's  Mo.  and  Hortic,  April,  1883, 
V.  25.  S.-b.No.  42a,  p.  631. 
Description  of  Paleacrita  vernata  and  Jnisopteryx  pometaria;  ravages  of  the 
former ;  request  for  information  ;  method  of  observation.   • 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF  ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  301 

2150.  EiLEY,  C.  V.  Dipterous  enemies  of  the  Phylloxera  vastatrix.  <Ca. 

Ent.,  February  [9  March],  1883,  v.  15,  p.  31). 
Critical  review  of  paper  of  T.  W.  Fyles ;  the  characters  ixiven  of  Diphsia 
frassator  are   insntlicieiit  to  distiiifjnisli   the  species;  galls  of  Vhylloxera 
vastatrix  inhabiteil  hy  Leucopis  phijUoxcrcv  Riley  MS.;  coiiiparisou  of  the 
early  stages  of  these  two  Diptera. 

2151.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     The  food  rehitions  of  the  Carabidcc  and  Coccinelr 

Uda\     <Aiuer.  Nat.,  April  [15  March],  1883,  v.  17,  pp.  417-419. 
Summary  of  S.  A.  Forbes's  observationa  ou  the  food  relations  of  the  CarabidcB 
and  CoccineUidie. 

2152.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Relations  of  the  Carabidw  and  CoccinelUdce  to 

birds.     <Amer.  ISTat.,  April  [15  March],  1883,  v.  17,  p.  419. 
Reprint  of  S.  A.  Forbes's  summary,  with  note  ;  Cocvinellidtr  not  eaten  by  birds ; 
Carabidw  eaten  in  proportion  as  they  have  phytophagous  habits. 

2153.  [RiLEY',  C.  v.]     Viviparity  in  a  moth.     <Amer.  Nat.,  April  ri5 

March],  1883,  v.  17,  p.  420. 
Notes  Fritz  Miiller's  discovery  of  a  moth  seen  to  deposit  living  larv-a). 

2154.  [Riley,  C.  v.]     Damage  to  silver-plate  by  insects.    <Amer.  Nat., 

April  [15  March],  1883,  v.  17,  p.  420. 
Holes  in  silver-plate  said  to  have  been  made  by  Xijitii.t  holohucus. 

2155.  Riley%  C.  V.    Possible  food-plants  of  the  cotton-worm.     <Amer. 

Nat.,  April  [15  March],  1883,  v.  17,  pp.  421-422. 
Notice  of  paper  of  J.  S.  Bailey  ;  occurrence  of  newly  issued  imagos  of  Metia 
xylina  at  Karuer,  N.Y.,  7  and  8  October,  1882,  proving  that  the  larva  of  this 
insect  feeds  upon  sonie  genus  of  plants  other  than  (;o8xi/j>ium. 

2156.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Agrotis  niessoria  Harr.  vs.  Agrotis  scandens  Riley. 

<Amer.  Nat.,  April  [15  March],  1883,  v.  17,  p.  422,  2  figs. 
Critical  review  of  views  of  A.  R.  Grote;  Agrotis  lycarum,  J.  repentia,  and  A. 
cochranii  =:  A.  viessoria  ;  A.  scandens  is  a  distinct  species;  comparison  of 
the  imagos  ;  figures  larvic  and  imagos  of  the  two  species. 

2157.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     An  internal  mite  in  fowls.     <Amer.  Nat,  April 

[15  March],  1883,  v.  17,  pp.  422-423. 
Lungs,  bronchia,  and  linings  of  thoracic  and  abdominal  cavities  of  a  sick 
chicken  covered  with  Cijtoleichus  sarcoptoidts  Megnin;  habitat  of  the  same 
in  fowls  in  Europe;  diseases  caused  by  it. 

2158.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     Prevalence  of  the  screw-worm  in  Central  Amer- 

ica.    <Amer.  Nat,  April  [15  March],  18-3,  v.  17,  p.  423. 
Extract  from  letter  of  J.  C.  Zeledon  on  the  abundance  and  ravages  of  Lucilia 
macellaria  and  related  Hies  in  Costa  Rica. 

2159.  E[iLEY],  C.  V.    Dried  leaves  as  food  for  lepidopterous  larva?. 

<Amer.  Nat.,  April  [15  March],  1883,  v.  17,  pp.  423-424. 
Review  of  paper  of  A.  H.  Mnndt;  larvic  successfully  fed  ujion  fresh  leaves 
transported  from  a  distance  under  pressure;  clioi)|)ing  the  leaves  would 
possibly  permit  of  more  rapid  curing  and  more  convenient  packing. 

21G0.  [RiLEY,  C.  v.]     Lepidopterological  notes.     <Amer.  Nat,  April 
[15  March],  1883,  v.  17,  p.  424. 
Duplication  of  descriptions  of  the  early  stages  of  Lepidoptera  to  be  avoided  ; 
notice  of  Mrs.  C.  H.  Fcruald's  list  oi  Noctuidw  taken  in  Orono,  Me. 


302  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2161.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Obituary.     <Amer.  Nat.,  April  [15  March],  1883, 

V.  17,  p.  424. 

Obituary  notices  of  G.  W.  Belfrage  aud  F.  W.  Maeklin. 

2162.  R[iley],  0.  Y.    Mosquitoes  vs.  malaria.     <Sci.  Amer.,  14  April, 

1883,  V.  48,  pp.  224-225.  S.-b.  No.  42,  pp.  63-64  5  No.  67,  p.  8. 
Abstract:  <Amer.  Nat.,  May  [18  April],  1883,  v.  17,  p.  549. 
Criticism  of  the  views  of  Dr.  A.  F.  A.  Kiug  in  support  of  the  thesis  that  mala- 
rial disease  is  the  result  of  inoculation  of  the  body  with  malarial  poison  by 
the  bites  of  insects;  citation  of  twenty  correspondencies  in  the  conditions 
alfecting  the  prevalence  of  mosquitoes  {^CuUcidce']  and  malarial  disease. 

2163.  Riley,  O.  V.    Jumping  seeds  and  galls.    <Sci.  Amer.,  14  April, 

1883,  Y.  48,  p.  228,  fig.  S.-b.  No.  42,  pp.  61-63  ;  No.  67,  p.  2. 
Figures  of  larva,  pupa,  and  imago  of  Carpocapsa  saltitans,  with  figures  and 
description  of.  seeds  inhabited  by  the  lai-va  of  this  moth,  and  description 
of  the  plant  bearing  these  seeds ;  vernacular  names  of  plant  and  insect ; 
movements  imparted  to  the  seeds  by  the  insects  and  by  Cynips  q.-saltatorius 
to  the  galls  of  the  same. 

2164.  Riley,  C.  V.     Reports  of  experiments,  chiefly  with  kerosene, 

upon  the  insects  injuriously  aiiectiug  the  orange-tree  and  the 
cotton-plant,  made  under  the  direction  of  the  entomologist. 
<Bull.  No.  1,  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dept.  Agric,  [17  April],  1883,  62. pp. 

CONTENTS. 

Letter  of  submittal 3 

Introduction 5 

Miscellaneous  notes  on  orange  insects.     By  H.  G.  Hubbard  . 9 

Experiments  upon  scale  insects  affecting  the  orange.     By  Jos.  Voyle..  19 

Report  of  observations  and  experiments.     By  J.  C.  Neal    - 31 

Report  of  observations  and  experiments  on  the  cotton-worm  (Aletia 

xylina).     By  R.  W,  Jones 47 

Report  upon  the  cotton-worm,  boll-worm,  and  other  insects.     By  Law- 
rence Johnson 53 

Index 59 

2165.  Riley,  0.  V.    Reports  of  observations  on  the  Rocky  Mountain 

locust  and  the  chinch-bug,  together  with  extracts  from  the  cor- 
respondence of  the  division  on  miscellaneous  insects.  <Bull. 
No.  2,  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dept.  Agric,  [17  April],  1883,  36.  pp. 
Second  edition,  16  September,  1883. 

CONTENTS. 

Letter  of  submittal *.-...  3 

Introduction 5 

Report  of  observations  in  the  Northwest  on  the  Rocky  Mountain  locust, 

by  Lawrence  Bruner 7 

Experiments  on  chinch-bugs.     By  S.  A.  Forbes 23 

Extracts  from  correspondence - 27 

Index 35 

2166.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     Insects  as  food  for  man.     < Amer.  Nat.,  May  [18 

April],  1883,  v.  17,  pp.  546-547. 
Summary  of  Max  Buchner's  observations  on  the  insects  used  as  food  by  the 
Bantus  tribe  of  negroes. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  503 

2167.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    Number  of  molts  and  length  of  larval  life  as  in- 

tiueiiced  by  food.     <Ainer.  Nat.,  May  [IS  April],  1883,  v.  17, 
pj).  547-548. 

Variability  in  habits  and  characters  of  insects;  periods  and  number  oi'molt« 
observed  in  larvie  of  Ttitchriu  molitor,  T.  obscurun  and  Tnxjodcnna  (arsalc; 
conclusion  that  insufficient  food  retards  development  and  occasions  frequent 
molting. 

2168.  [KiLEY,  C.  V.J     Entomological  notes.     <AiiK'r.  Nat.,  May  fl8 

April],  1883,  v.  17,  pp.  549-550. 
Brief  notes  on  recent  publications. 

2169.  KiLEY,  C.  V.    Larval  stages  and  habits  of  the  bee-fly  Hirmoneura. 

<Scieuce,  27  April,  1883,  v.  1,  pp.  332-334,  figs.  1-3.    S.-b.  No. 
42,  p.  52. 

Summary  of  the  life-history  of  Hirmoneura  oiscura  condensed  from  Handlirsch, 
and  from  Brauer ;  figures  the  several  stages ;  correspondences  of  the  struc- 
ture and  early  history  of  the  larva;  predictions  in  reference  to  the  larvae  of 
Bombyliida'. 

2170.  Riley,  C  V.    The  capitalizing  of  specific   names.    <Papilio, 

March  [April],  1883,  v.  3,  p.  62. 
Inquiry  as  to  the  use  and  purpose  of  capitalizing  specific  names..    See  No.  2257. 

2171.  Riley,  C.  V.     Observations  on  the  fertilization  of  Yucca  and  on 

structural  and  anatomical  peculiarities  in  Pronuba  and  Pro- 
doxus.  <Gardeuer's  Mo.  and  Hortic.  April,  1883,  v.  25,  pp.  118- 
119.  S.-b.  No.  51,  p.  122i.  Reprint:  <Proc.  Amer.  Assoc.  Adv. 
Sci.  for  1882, 1883,  v.  31,  pp.  467-468.  Separate :  <Salem.  Mass., 
July,  1883,  pp.  467-46S.  Abstract:  <Amer.  Nat.,  February 
[31  January],  1883,  v.  17,  p.  197. 
Description  of  the  manner  in  which  Pronnha  iinccascUa  gathers  the  pollen  in 
flowers  of  Yucca ;  the  work  of  this  species  necessary  for  the  fertilization  of 
the  capsular  species  of  Yucca,  the  irregularity  of  whose  fruit  is  due  to  its 
punctures  ;  description  of  the  egg  and  of  the  manner  of  oviposition  of  this 
species. 

2172.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  potato-stalk  borer.    <Rural  New  Yorker,  12 

May  1883.     S.-b.  No.  42a,  p.  213. 
Answer  to  inquiry;  life-history  and  means  against  liaridius  [=  Irichobaris'] 
irinotata. 

2173.  Riley,  C.  V.    Jumping  seeds  and  galls.    <Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus., 

12  May,  1883,  v.  5,  pp.  632-635,  fig.  Separate:  <[ Washington, 
1884],  pp.  632-635,  fig. 
Description  of  seeds  of  "arrow-weed";  their  motions  caused  by  larvaj  of 
Carpocapia  saltitana  ;  figures  of  the  seeds  and  of  the  larva,  pupa,  and  imago 
of  the  Carpocapsa ;  habits  and  seasons  of  the  same ;  description  of  the  plant 
bearing  these  seeds;  character  and  motions  of  the  gall  of  Cijnipn  q.-salta- 
tortus. 

2174.  Riley,  C.  V.    Note  on  cluster-flies.    <Proc  U.  S.  Nat.  Mas.,  12 

May,  1883,  v.  5,  pp.  636-637. 
Habits  of  PoUcnia  rudix;  notice  of  recorded  cases  of  swarming  among  the 
Diptera.     See  No.  2128. 


304  BIBLIOGKAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2175.  [BiLEY,  C.  v.]    The  new  classification  of  the  Coleoptera  of  North 

America.    <Amer.  Nat.,  June  [17  May],  1883,  v.  17,  pp.  660- 
661. 
Notice  of  work  of  J.  L.  Leconte  and  G.  H.  Horn. 

2176.  KiLEY,C.V.    A  pretty  and  unique  gall-making  tortricid.   <Amer. 

Nat,  June  1 17  May],  1883,  v.  17,  p.  661,  fig.  1. 

Description   and  figure  of   imago  of  Grapholitha  ninana  n.  sp.  reared  from 
galls  on  stems  of  Acacia  filicina  in  Arizona. 

2177.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Simulium  feeding  on  other  insects,    <Amer. 

Nat,  June  [17  May],  1883,  v.  17,  pp.  661-662. 

Comment  on  note  of  H.  A.  Hagen. 

2178.  [EiLEY,  C.  v.]     Synopsis  of  the  N.  A.  HeliotMnoe.     <Amer.  Nat., 

June  [17  May],  1883,  v.  17,  pp.  662-663. 
Review  of  paper  of  J.  B.  Smith  ;  nature  of  the  generic  characters  of  Noctuidce. 

2179    [ Riley,  C.  V.]    Death  of  Professor  Zeller.    <Amer.  Nat,  June 
[17  May],  1883,  v.  17,  p.  663. 

Obituary  notice  of  P.  C.  Zeller. 

2180.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Protection  of  insect  collections.    <Amer.  Nat, 

June  [17  May],  1883,  v.  17,  pp.  663-664. 
Power  of  the  larvje  of  Dermesildw  to  endure  the  effects  of  certain  insecticides ; 
prerequisites  more  important  than  insecticides ;  seasons  when  collections 
are  most  endangered. 

2181.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Cocoon  of  Telea  polypliemus.     <Amer.  Nat, 

June  [17  May],  1883,  v.  17,  p.  664. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  Morris;  cocoon  of  Telea pohjpliemus  usually  falls  to 
the  ground  with  the  leaves,  yet  quite  frequently  it  is  attached  to  twigs 
and  does  not  fall  to  the  ground. 

2182.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    The  sucking  organs  of  bees,  wasps,  and  flies. 

<Amer.  Nat,  June  [17  May],  1883,  v.  17,  pp.  664-665. 
Notice  of  paper  of  K.  Kraepelin. 

2183.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    The  "  pine  moth  of  Nantucket"    <Amer.  Nat, 

June  [17  May],  1883,  v.  17,  pp.  665-666. 
Critical  review  of  paper  of  S.  H.  Scudder. 

2184.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Entomological  notes.     <Amer.  Nat.,  June  [17 

May],  1883,  v.  17,  pp.  660-667. 

Brief  notes  on  recent  publications. 

2185.  Riley,  C.  V.    Elephantiasis  or  Filaria  disease.    <Science,  18 

May,  1883,  v.  1,  pp.  419-421,  fig.     S.-b.  No.  42,  p.  51,  fig. 
Criticism  of  the  vie^\  s  of  Dr.  A.  F.  A.  King  ;  notice  of  the  writings  of  P.  Man- 
son  and  others  on  the  connection  of  Ciilex  mnifqiiito  with  the  life-history  of 
Filaria  sauguinia-homims  and  on  the  production  of  elephantiasis  and  related 
diseases  by  Filaria. 

2186.  Riley,  C.  V.    Nemestrinidce.    <Science,  8  June,  1883,  v.  1,  p.  513. 

Note  on  papers  concerning  Nemestrinidce ;  supplementary  to  No.  2169. 

2187.  RiLEY^,  0.  y.    The  corn-root  Diahrotica.    <Rural  New-Yorker,  9 

June,  1883.     S.-b.  No.  54,  p.  42. 
Increasing  distribution  of  Diahrotica  longicornis  ;  means  against  it. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  305 

2188.  KiLEY,  C.  Y.    Elm-leaf  beetle.    <Sci.  Amer.,  IG  June,  1883,  v.  48. 

S.-b.  No.  42«,  p.  1'65. 
Reply  to  inquiries  concorninpj  Galeruca  xanthomelcena. 

2189.  RiLEY%  C.  V.     A  unique  and  beautiful  noctuid.     <Amer.  Nat., 

July  [20  June],  18S3,  v.  17,  pp.  788-700,  fijr. 

Fij;nre   of  imago   of  Ch-rho2)hauu8   triangulifer ;    description  of  its   generic 
characters;  its  atfinities,  synonyms,  and  probable  habits. 

2190.  [RiLEY,  C.  v.]     Insects  affecting  stored   rice.     <Amer.   Nat., 

July  [20  June],  1883,  v.  17,  p.  790. 
Lists  of  insects,  chiefly  Coleoptera,  found  in  a  lot  of  damaged  rice  from  the 
Chinese  centennial  exhibit ;  two  species  are  carnivorous. 

2191.  K'lLEY^,  C.  V.    Hypermetamorplioses  of  the  Meloidcv.    <Amer. 

Nat.,  July  [20  June],  1883,  v.  17,  pp.  700-701. 
Proposal  of  simpler  and  more  natural  terms  to  designate  the  stages  of  devel- 
opment of  larvjB  of  ileJoidw. 

2192.  [RiLEY,  C.  Y.]    Entomological   notes.     <Amer.  Nat,  July  [20 

June],  1883,  v.  17,  pp.  792-793. 
Comments  on  recent  entomological  publications;  items  of  news. 

2193.  Riley,  C.  Y.    The  grape  Phylloxera  in  France.     <Science,  22 

June,  1883,  v.  1,  pp.  576-578. 
Review  and  criticism  of  the  report  of  the  Commission  supe'rieure  du  Phylloxera. 

2194.  Riley,  C.  Y.     Fig  insects.    <Science,  29  June,  1883,  v.  1,  p.  599. 

Review  of  S.  S.  Saunders's  views  oa  fig  insects. 

2195.  Riley',  C.  Y.    Egg-punctures  on  raspberry-  and  grape-vines,  etc. 

< Rural  New-Yorker,  30  June,  1883,  v.  42,  p.  — .  S.-b.  No.  42, 
p.  56. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  T.  H.  G.;  oviposition  of  (Ecanthus  niveua  in  stems  of 
ratspberry-  and  grape-vines,  and  of  Cereaahubalits  in  twigs  of  apple-trees; 
habits  and  ravages  of  and  means  against  the  former  ;  the  latter  seldom  very 
injurious. 

2196.  Riley,  0.  Y.    Silk  culture  in  the  United  States.     <Rural  New- 

Yorker,  14  July,  1S83,  v.  42,  p.  — .     S.-b.  No.  42a,  p.  531. 
Revival  of  interest  in  silk  culture  in  the  United  States ;  experience  of  the 
year;  relation  of  silk  culture  to  import  duties  ;  warning  against  too  high 
expectations  as  to  profits;  notes  on  manuals  of  silk  culture. 

2197.  Riley,  C.  Y.    Economic  entomology  of  Iowa.    <Sci.  Amer.,  14 

July,  1883,  V.  40,  p.  — .     S.-b.  No.  h,  p.  147. 
Review  of  work  done  in  Iowa,  especially  of  papers  of  J.  N.  Dixon,  H.  Osbom, 
and  A.  B.  Walton. 

2198.  [RlLEY%  C.  Y.]     Insect  plagues.     <l5oston  Herald,  22  July,  1883, 

p.—.     S.  b.  No.42,  i)p.  53-54;  No.  67,  p.  11.     Extract:  <Mir- 
ror  and  Farmer,  26  July,  1883,  v.  35.     S.-b.  No.  42,  pp.  126-127. 

Newspaper  interview;  seasons,  habits,  ravages  of  and  means  against  Calopte- 
nus  atlanis,  Nematus  erichsonii,  and  Orrfj/ia  leucosligma. 

2199.  Riley,  C.  Y.    Report  by  C.  Y.  Riley.     <Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus., 

27    July,   1883,   v.   6,    pp.   104-105.     Reprint:    <Sci.   Amer. 
Suppl.,  13  October,  1883,  v.  16,  p.  6486. 
Note  to  F.  Humbert's  Lncilia  macellaria  infesting  man;  references  toother 
mentions  of  it ;  its  distribution  and  means  against  it. 

20  ent 


306  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2200.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    Emulsions  of  petroleum  and  their  value  as  insect- 

icides. <Proc.  Amer.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.  for  1882,  1883,  v.  31, 
pp.  469-470.  Separate :  <Salera,  Mass.,  July,  1883,  pp.  469-470. 
Keprint :  <Kan8as  City  Rev.  of  Science  and  Industry,  Novem- 
ber, 1883,  V.  7,  pp.  447-448.  S.-b.  No.  42,  p.  124.  Extract : 
<Sci.  Amer.,  19  November,  1883,  v.  49,  p.  294.  S.-b.  No.  51,  p. 
153. 
Description  of  modes  of  making  emulsions  of  petroleum  for  use  against 
insects. 

2201.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]    The  old,  old  question  of  species.     <Amer.  Nat., 

September  [15  August],  1883,  v.  17,  p.  975. 
Comments  upon  the  discussion  between  H.  A.  Haj,^en  and  W.  H.  Edwards; 
views  of  both  parties  extreme  ;  views  as  to  the  true  nature  of  species. 

2202.  [Riley,  0.  V.]     MyrmecopMla.    <Amer.  Nat.,  September  [15  Au- 

gust], 1883,  V.  17,  pp.  975-970. 
Record  of  recent  captures  of  MyrmecopMla  in  Oregon  and  District  of  Colum- 
bia ;  record  of  former  captures  in  the  United  States;  habits  of  the  genus. 

2203.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Salt-water  insects  used  as  food.    < Amer.  Nat., 

September  [15  August],  1883,  v.  17,  pp.  976-977. 
Occurrence  of  Ephydra  (hians  ?)  in  Lake  Tetscoco,  Mexico ;  E.  gracilis  found  in 
Great  Salt  Lake,  Utah,  and  E.  californica  in  lakes  in  California;  account 
by  W.  H.  Brewer  of  the  manner  in  which  the  last-named  species  is  collected 
and  used  for  food  by  the  Indians  living  near  Mono  Lake. 

2204.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Food-plants  of  Samia  cyntliia.    <Amer.  Nat., 

September  [15  August],  1883,  v.  17,  p.  977. 
Review  of  paper  of  H.  H.  Birney  ;  list  of  plants  on  which  Samia  [_=  Attacus] 
cynthiahas  hitherto  been  found  feeding;  some  of  these  are  the  favorite 
food-plants  of  Callosamia  [=  Atfacus']  jyrometJiea. 

2205.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Bitten  by  an  aphidf    <Amer.  Nat.,  September 

[15  August],  1883,  V.  17,  p.  977. 
Letter  of  S.  Swan,  with  answer;  Siphonophora  \_=:  Nectarophoral  rudbeckim com- 
mon on  Solidago  and  BudbecMa  ;  the  biting  was  probably  caused  by  ants  or 
some  other  insect  that  escaped  notice  at  the  time. 

2206.  Riley,  C.  V.     Steganoptycha  claypoleana.    <Amer.   Nat.,   Sep- 

tember [15  August],  1883,  V.  17,  p.  978.     Reprint:  <Papilio, 
September-December,  1883,  v.  3,  p.  191. 
Comparative  description  of  Steganoptycha  claypoleana  with  Proteoteras  asscu- 
lanum  ;  habits  of  the  former. 

2207.  R[iLiiY],  C.  V.     Extermination  and  restriction  of  Phylloxera  in 

Switzerland.     <Rural   New-Yorker,  25  August,   1883,  v.  42. 
S.-b.  No.  49,  p.  74. 

Notice  of  report  of  Valery-Mayet. 

2208.  Riley,  C.  V.    Hackberry  psyllid  galls.     <Ca.  Ent,  August  [5 

September],  1883,  v.  15,  pp.  157-159,  figs.  6,  7. 
Critical  review  of  paper  of  T.  W.  Fyles  ;  rhyUoxera  vastatrix  has  many  para- 
sites and  Celtis  is  attacked  by  many  species  of  gall-insects;  characters  of 
Pachypsylla  n.  g.  [p.  157]  ;  figures  of  galls  of  P.  celtidis-venusta  and  P. 
c.-mamma;  derivation  and  orthography  of  the  generic  term  Celtis. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  307 

2209.  Riley,  C.V.     Some  recent  discoveries  in  reference  to  Phylloxera. 

<Science,  7  September,  1883,  v.  2,  p.  330.  S.-b.  No.  4ti,  pp.  68, 
69.  Reprint:  <Proc.  Amer.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.  for  1883,  1884, 
V.  32,  p.  320.  Separate :  <Salem,  Mass.,  July,  1884,  p.  320. 
<Amer.  Nat.,  December  [28  November],  18S3,  v.  17,  p.  1288. 
Summary  of  the  cycle  of  development  of  tlio  geuus  Phi/lloxera ;  character  of 
the  gall  of  P.  sjyiuosa  ami  locatiou  of  the  Impregnated  egg  of  the  species. 

2210.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  Psyllidcc  of  the  United  States.    <Science,  7 

September,  1883,  v.  2,  p.  337.  S.-b.  No.  42,  pp.  67-68.  Re- 
print: <Proc.  Amer.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.  for  1883,  1884,  v.  32,  p. 
319.  Separate:  <Salem,  Mass.,  July,  1884,  p.  319. 
Characteristics  and  economic  importance  of  Psi/Uida-,  status  of  the  present 
knowledge  of  this  family  in  the  United  States  ;  list  of  new  genera  and 
species;  food  plants  of  the  same;  characteristics  of  the  eggs  and  young  of 
Psyllidw. 

2211.  Riley,  C.  V.    Improved  method  of  spraying  trees  for  protection 
-     against  insects.     <Science.  14  September,  1883f,  v.  2,  p.  378. 

S.-b.  No.  42,  p.  68.     Reprint:  <Proc.  Amer.  Asoc.  Adv.  Sci. 

for  1883,  1884,  v.  32,  pp.  400-467.     Separate:  <SaIem,  Mass., 

July,  1884,  pp.  460,  407. 
Description  of  apparatus,  especially  of  "  cyclone  nozzle  "  and  adjustable  hose ; 

mention  of  insecticide  substances. 
Note. — Nos.  2209-2211  were  issued  as  a  separate,  Salem,  1884. 

2212.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Entomology  at  Minneapolis.     <Amer.  Nat.,  1883, 

V.  17:  October  [17  September],  pp.  1008-1070;  November  [19 
October],  pp.  1109-1174. 
Minutes  of  the  meetings  of  the  entomologists  at  the  session  of  the  American 
Association  for  the  Advancement  of  Science;  reorganization  of  the  entomo- 
logical club ;  election  of  ofiBcers  and  change  in  the  constitution ;  abstracts 
of  papers  read. 

2213.  Riley,  C.  V.     Notes  on  Pccdisca  scudderiana.    <Amer.  Nat.,  Oc- 

tober [17  September],  1883,  v.  17,  pp.  1009-1070. 
Habits  and  variation  of  Pivdisca  scudderiana;  diflerence  between  the  gall  of 
this  insect  and  that  of  Geleclna  galla'soUdnginis. 

2214.  Riley,  C.  V.    A  myrmecophitous  lepidopteron.     <Amer.  Nat., 

October  [17  September],  1883,  v.  17,  p.  1070. 
Larva  of  ILUa  americalis  found  in  nests  of  Formica  ru/a ;  this  species  the  only 
one  of  the  Lepidoptera  known  to  develop  in  ants'  nests. 

2215.  [Riley,  C.  V.|     Enemies  of  the  egg-plant.    <Amer.  Nat.,  Octo- 

ber [17  September],  1883,  v.  17,  p.  1070. 
Extract  from  a  letter  of  A.  ffimler,  proving  that  the  occurrence  of  Camda 
texana  and  Doryphora  juncta  on  Solanum  meloin/ma  is  not  accidental  or  tem- 
porary. 

2216.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]    The  periodical  Cicada  in  southeastern  Massachu- 

setts. <Amcr.  Nat.,  October  [17  September],  1883,  v.  17,  p.  1071. 
Note  to  paper  of  C.  E.  Bessey;  Cicada  [=  Tibicen]  srplendecim  at  Martha's 
Vineyard,  Mass.,  in  June,  1883,  the  precursor  to  xeptendecim  Brood  XXI 
which  will  ai)pear  in  North  Carolina  and  Virginia  as  well  as  Martlia's 
Vineyard  in  1884;  accelerated  specimens  of  the  same  brood  received  from 
Londonn  County,  Va.,  recently. 


308  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2217.  KiLEY,  C.  V.    Habits  of  Murmidius.    <Ainer.  Nat.,  October  [17 

September],  1883,  v.  17,  p.  1071. 

List  of  insects  found  in  a  lot  of  damaged  rice  from  South  America  ;  occurrence 
of  Murmidius  ovalia  in  vast  numbers  in  this  rice  ;  its  probable  food-habits; 
description  of  its  cocoon;  list  of  families  of  beetles  some  of  whose  larvaa 
spin  cocoons;  habitat  of  Mychocerus. 

2218.  [EiLEY, C.V.J    Obituary.    <Amer. Nat., October [17 September], 

1883,  V.  17,  p.  1072. 
Notices  of  V.  T.  Chambers  and  Townend  Glover. 

2219.  [EiLEY,  C.  v.]     Entomological  notes.     <Amer.  Nat.,  October  [17 

September],  3883,  v.  17,  pp.  1072-1073. 
Notes  on  recent  entomological  publications ;  items  of  news. 

2220.  [RrLEY,C.V.]     Economic  notes.    <Amer.  Nat.,  October  [17  Sep- 

tember], 1«83,  V.  17,  pp.  1073-1074. 
Comments  on  the  ravages  of  several  iujurious  insects  during  the  past  season. 

2221.  Riley,  C.  V.    A  parasite  of  the  cabbage- worm.     <Kural  New- 

Yorker,  6  October,  1883,  v.  42.     S.-b.  No.  42,  p.  58. 
Answer  to  letter  of  J.  H.  B. ;  parasitism  of  Pteromaliis  pvparum  in  larvae  and 
pupae  of  Pieris  rapce. 

2222.  Elley,  C.  V.    The  handmaid  moth.     <Eural  New  Yorker,  13  Oc- 

tober, 1883,  V.  42.     S.-b.  No.  42,  p.  77. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  B.  S. ;  description  of  larva,  pupa,  and  imago  of  Da- 
tana  ministra  from  hickory-  and  walnut-trees,  and  of  a  phytophagic  variety 
of  the  larva  from  apple  and  other  trees;  habits  of  the  larvfe  ;  the  larvse 
unusually  abundant  in  1883. 

2223.  EiLEY,  C.  V.     Remarks  on  Arzama  oblkjuata.     <Amer.  Nat.,  No- 

vember [19  October],  1883,  v.  17,  p.  1169. 
Description  of  the  egg-mass  of  ^rzanta  obliquaia;  colors  and  habitat  of  the 
larva;  variations  of  the  imago  ;  number  of  anuual  broods. 

2224.  [EiLEY,  C.  v.]     Rare  monstrosities.     <Amer.  Nat.,  November  [19 

October],  1883,  v.  17,  p.  1175. 

Notice  of  monstrosities  recorded  in  Melanippe  montanata  and  Zygania  minos. 

2225.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     The  nervous  system  of  insects.     <Amer.  Nat., 

November  [19  October],  1883,  v.  17,  pp.  1175-1176. 

Summary  of  the  observations  of  Ed.  Brandt. 

2226.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Hymenorus  riifipes  as  a  myrmecophilous  species. 

<Amer.  Nat.,  November  [19  October],  1883,  v.  17,  p.  1176. 

Imagos  of  Hymenonts  rufipes  raised  from  larvae  found  in  nests  of  Formica  fusca ; 
character  of  the  nests  of  the  Formica ;  food-habits  of  the  Hymenorus  un- 
known. 

2227.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Recent  publications.    <Amer.  Nat.,  November 

[19  October],  1883,  v.  17,  p.  1177. 

Notice  of  J.  H.  Comstock's  work  on  Diasjnnce  and  of  other  recent  publications. 

2228.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Entomological  notes.     <Amer.  Nat.,  November 

[19  October],  1883,  v.  17,  pp.  1177-1179. 

Review  of  "General  Index  of  the  Entomological  Reports  of  the  Province  of 
Ontario  ;"  recent  publications  and  items  of  news. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  309 

2229.  Klley,  0.  V.    The  potato-stalk  borer.     <Rural  New-Yorker,  20 

October,  1883.     S.-b.  No.  42,  pp.  78-79. 
Answer  to  letter  of  S.  C.  K. ;  description,  habits  of,  and  means  against  Gortyna 
iiitela;  means  against  ruria  aterrima,  Umphopn  piiheitceiis,  and  other  larvao 
of  Chrysomelidw  iujurious  to  the  roots  of  strawlierry-plants. 

2230.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Recent  advances  in  horticultural  entomology. 

<Rural  New-Yorker,  20  October,  1883,  v.  42.  S.-b.  No.  42,  pp. 
79-81.  Reprint :  <Proc.  19th  Sess.  Amer.  Pomol.  Soc,  1884,  p. 
45.     <Trans.  Wise.  State  Hortic.  Soc,  188G,  v.  17,  p.  — . 

Report  of  address  delivered ;  discussion  of  measures  recommended  for  adop- 
tion to  prevent  the  ravages  of  insects  injurious  to  horticulture,  especially 
of  Carpocapsa  pomoucUa  and  Conotrachelua  nenuphar;  correction  of  state- 
ments in  regard  to  the  ovipositiou  ofSaperda  bivittata  [^  Candida']  and  ?  Jiein- 
hex  marginata  ;  advance  in  knowledge  of  the  life-history  of  Aphididiv,  and 
in  the  development  of  machinery  for  the  application  of  poison  sprays  to 
plants ;  relative  value  of  the  principal  insecticides. 

2231.  Riley,  C.  V.     On  a  gall-making  genus  of  Apionincc.    <Bull. 

Brooklyn  Ent.  Soc,  October,  1883,  v.  6,  pp.  61-62.  Separate : 
<Brooklyn,  N.  Y'.,  1883, 2  pp. 
List  of  North  American  gall-making  Coleoptera ;  description  of  Podapion 
"•  S'  [P-  ^~]  ^^^  of  t^®  S^^l  ^Df^  imago  of  P.  gallicola  n.  sp.,  found  on 
twigs  of  Finns  inops;  probable  life-habits,  iuquilines,  and  parasite  of  this 
species. 

2232.  Riley,  C.  V.    Report  of  the  Entomologist.    <Ann.  Rept.  [U.  S.] 

Commissioner  Agric  for  1883,  pp.  99-180,  13  pi.  Separate: 
<Washiugton,  31  October,  1883,  pp.  5-f  pp.  99-180+pp.  7, 13  pi. 

TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 

Introductiox 99 

Scope  and  limitations,  99 — Cabbage  insects,  99 — Lesser  locust,  99 — 
Protection  of  fruit  and  shade  trees,  99— Office  force,  assistants 
and  agents,  99 — Observations  and  report  on  insects  injurious  to 
forest-trees,  by  Dr.  A.  S.  Packard,  jr.,  99— Special  report  on  insects 
affecting  the  orange,  by  H.  G.  Hubbard,  99— Work  of  agents,  100— 
Monographs  in  preparation,  100 — Commission  sent  to  Brazil  to 
study  certain  insects,  100— Publication  of  third  report  of  the 
United  States  Entomological  Commission,  100— Publication  of 
special  bulletins,  100— Correspondence  and  work  of  the  division, 
101 — The  illustrations  to  the  report,  101. 
Silk-worm  notes 101 

Legislation,  101— California  State  Board  of  Silk  Culture,  101— Pre- 
miums offered  in  California,  101— Home  culture,  102— Guaranty 
of  egg  supply,  10-2- Woman's  Silk  Culture  Association  of  Cali- 
fornia, 102— California  Silk  Culture  Association,  102— Reports 
from  correspondents  of  the  division,  102-104— Issue  of  "Silk 
Culture  Directory,"  104— Establishment  of  school  in  New  Jersey, 
105— Organization  of  Southern  Silk  Industrial  Association,  105— 
A  new  machine  patented.  105— Report  on  the  future  of  silk  culture 
in  the  United  States,  by  United  States  Consul  Peixotto,  of  Lyons, 
France.  10.">— Silk  culture  by  the  Mennonites,  106— Work  at  the 
Department,  106. 


310  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2232.  EiLEY,  C.  v.— Continued. 

Cabbage  worms 107 

Interest  in  and  importance  of  the  subject,  107 — Accurate  estimate 
of  loss  impossible,  107. 

Imported  cabbage-worm,  Pieris  rapes 108 

History  of  its  spread,  108 — Ravages,  109 — Characters,  110 — Habits, 
110 — Food-plants,  111 — Seasons  of  appearance.  111 — Natural  ene- 
mies, 111. 

Southern  cabbage-butterfly,  Pieris  protodice 114 

Range,  114 — Ravages,  114 — Characters,  114 — Food-plants,  115 — 
Parasites,  llo. 

The  potherb-butterfly,  Pieris  ole^'acea 115 

Range,  115 — Characters,  116 — Habits,  116 — Number  of  broods,  116 — 
Food-iJlants,  117 — Enemies,  117. 

The  larger  cabbage-butterfly,  Pieris  monuste 117 

Range,  117 — Characters,  117 — Food-plants,  118 — Parasites,  118 — 
Description  of  early  states,  118. 

The  cabbage  plusia,  Phisia  brassicce- 119 

Its  range,  119 — Food-plants,  119 — Habits  and  natural  history,  119 — 
Close  relation  to  an  European  species,  120 — Natural  enemies, 
120 — Botrytis  rileyi,  a  new  species  of  fungus,  121 — Remedies,  121. 

The  cabbage  mamestra,  Mamestra  trifolii 123 

Its  habits  and  natural  history,  123 — Remedies,  124 — Description, 
124. 

The  zebra  cabbage- worm  Mamestra  incta 124 

History,  124 — Description,  125— Habits,  125— Broods,  125— Reme- 
dies, 125. 

The  cabbage  pionea  Pionea  rimosalis 126 

Its  past  history,  126— Notes  by  Prof.  Cyrus  Thomas,  126— Habits 
and  natural  history,  127 — Parasites,  127 — Remedies,  127 — De- 
scriptive, 128. 

The  cauliflower  botis,  Botis  repetitalis 128 

Past  history,  128 — Range,  128 — Descriptive,  129. 

The  cabbage  plutella,  Plutella  cruciferartim 129 

Its  pasfhistory,  129 — Habits  and  natural  history,  130. 

Remedies  for  cabbage-worms 131 

Hot  water,  131 — Pyrethrum,  131 — Kerosene  emulsions,  131 — Other 
substances,  131 — Paris  green,  London  purple,  and  white  helle- 
bore, 132 — Preventive  measures,  132 — Report  of  Capt.  R.  S. 
Lacey,  133— Report  of  Col.  Wright  Rives,  134— Poisoning  de- 
vices, 136. 
Causes  of  destruction  of  evergreen  forests  in  New  England 

AND  New  York,  b\  A.  S.  Packard,  jr 138 

The  larch  saw-fly,  Nematus  erichsonii 138 

History  of  its  ravages,  138— Its  devastations  in  Maine,  139— Its 
ravages  in  New  Hampshire,  141 — Its  appearance  in  Massachu- 
setts, 141— In  northern  New  York,  142— History  of  the  species 
and  its  habits,  142 — Description  of  egg,  larva,  cocoon,  and  imago, 
145 — Remedies,  146 — Parasites,  146. 

The  spruce-bud  tortrix,  Tortrix  fumiferana 146 

Its  ravages  in  Maine,  146— Habits  and  transformations,  147 — De- 
scription of  diiferent  stages,  148. 

The  spruce  nematus,  Nematus  integer 149 

Range,  149 — Description  of  diflferent  stages,  150. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  311 

2232.  Riley,  C.  V.— Continued. 

Gausses  of  destruction  op  kverqkkkn   fokests,  etc.— Continued. 

Tho  hemlock  geleebia,  Gelechia  obietiseUa 150 

Habits.  151— Description  of  larva,  pupa,  and  niotb,  151. 

EXPEHIMKXTS   ox    SCALE   INSECTS,  WITH    PRACTICAL    SUGGESTIONS,  BV 

H.  G.  Hubbard 152 

Report  of  progress  in  experiments,  152— Soap  emulsions,  152— Ker- 
osene and  soap  emulsions,  formula,  l.VJ- Receipt  for  making 
emulsions  of  kerosene  and  soap.  15'2— Introduction  and  use  of  the 
cyclone  nozzle,  l.')2— Effects  of  kerosene  emulsions  upon  plants, 
153— Effects  of  kerosene  emulsions  varied  by  change  of  weather, 
153— Most  favorable  season  for  applying  kerosene  emulsions, 
153— Application  of  liquid  insecticides,  153— Tho  cyclone  nozzle, 
154 — Cost  of  kerosene  wash,  154. 

Recent  experiments 155 

Potash  compared  with  soda  as  an  insecticide,  155— Details  of  ex- 
periments with  potash,  155-156— Experiments  with  soda,  156. 

Introduction  and  spread  of  scale  insects 156 

Great  vitality  of  bark-lice,  156— Importation  on  live  trees,  157— 
Precautionary  measures  ;  infection  from  nursery  stock,  157 — Pro- 
tection afforded  by  hedges  and  forest  trees,  158. 

Miscellaneous  insects 159 

The  imported  elm-leaf  beetle,  Galerma  ranthomelcena 159 

Range,  159— An  importation  from  Europe,  160— Habits  and  natu- 
ral history,*  160 — Remedies,  161 — Natural  enemies,  163 — More  re- 
cent experiments  at  the  Department,  164 — Past  history  of  the 
elms  on  Department  grounds,  164— Condition  and  characteris- 
tics of  the  grove  in  18&2  and  1883,  164— Extent  of  injury  in  1882 
and  1883,  164 — Preferences  of  the  elm-beetle  for  certain  varieties 
and  species  of  elms,  165 — Effects  of  arsenical  poisons  on  insect 
and  plant,  1()5 — Preventive  effects  of  the  poison,  when  best  ap- 
plied, 166 — Treatment  with  London  purple,  1(>6 — Preparation  of 
the  poison,  166— Effects  of  the  mixture,  167 — Treatment  with 
Paris  green,  167 — Mechanical  means  of  applying  the  poison, 
16S — The  eddy-chamber  nozzle,  168 — Hose  and  bamboo  combina- 
tion, 169. 

The  lesser  migratory  locust,  Caloptenus  atlanin 170 

Its  ravages  in  the  Merrimac  Vallej',  170— Historical,  170 — Charac- 
ters, 17"2 — Range  and  life-history,  173 — Natural  enemies,  174 — 
Remedies,  17.5 — Destruction  of  eggs,  175 — Destruction  of  young, 
175 — Coal  oil,  17.5 — Machines,  175-177 — Coal  tar,  177 — Catching 
or  bagging,  178 — Protection  of  vegetable  gardens,  179 — Necessity 
for  co-ojieration,  180. 

2233.  Riley,  C.  V.     The  imported  orchard  Scolytus  {ScolytuH  ntgulosus 

Ratz.).  <Tbomasville  fGa.]  Times,  10  November,  1883.    S.-b. 
No.  56,  p.  182. 
Answer  to  inquiry  ;  S.  rugulosus  bores  in  twigs  of  pear ;  means  against  it. 

2234.  RiLEY,    C.    V.     Osage  orange   vs.  mulberry  for  the  silk-worm. 

<Sci.  Amer.,  17  November,  188.%  v.  40,  p.  3(>o.  S.  b.  No.  42, 
p.  91.  Rei)rint:  <Amer.  Nat.,  5  January,  1884,  v.  18,  pp.  78- 
79.  <Prairie  Farmer,  22  March,  1884,  v.  56,  p.  187.  S.b.  No. 
42,  p.  118. 
Comparative  value  of  leaves  of  Madura  aurantiaca  and  of  Moras  as  food  for 
Sericaria  mori;  critical  review  of  V.  des  Lauriers's  conclusions. 


312  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2235.  EiLEY,  C.   V.      Entomological    notes   of  the  year.      <Prairie 

Farmer,  24  November,  1883,  v.  55.  S.-b.  No.  42,  pp.  86-87. 
Progress  of  experiments  for  the  destruction  of  scale  insects,  Coccidce;  intro- 
duction of  Aspidiotus  rapax  into  California  on  apples  from  New  Zealand ; 
strawberries  injured  by  Capsiis  oblineatus  [=  Lygus  jjratenais']  and  a  myria- 
pod  in  Illinois;  occurrence  of  Leucania  unipuncta  in  several  places,  and  of 
Cecidomyia  destructor  in  Illinois ;  extension  of  culture  of  Pyrethrum  cinera- 
Hcefolium  in  California;  occurrence  of  Anarsia  Uneatella  on  strawberry- 
plants  in  Illinois ;  of  Doryphora  juncta  and  Cassida  texana  on  Solarium 
melongeva  in  Georgia;  of  Ceresa  iuhalus  on  potato-plants  in  Pennsylvania; 
of  Epllachna  corrupta  on  wax-beans,  etc. 

2236.  Riley,  C.  V.    A  satisfactory  remedy  for  melon  bugs,  flea-beetles, 

etc.     <  Rural  New-Yorker,  3  November,  1883,  v.  42.     S.-b.  No. 

42,  pp.  77-78. 
Quinn's  method  of  sprinkling  the  vines  with  a  mixture  of  tobacco  water  and 
soft  soap  and  then  powdering  with  lime  is  probably  the  best  general  pre- 
ventive against  Diahrotica  vittata  and  Halticidce ;  description  of  J.  M. 
Nicholson's  siphon  arrangement  by  which  to  keep  the  vines  constantly 
moist  with  the  liquid. 

2237.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  chinch-bug  in  New  York.     <Science,  9  No- 

vember, 1883,  V.  2,  p.  621.     Extract:  <Sci.  Amer.,  22  Decem- 
ber, 1883,  V.  49,  p.  384.     S.-b.  No.  42,  pp.  122-123, 
Present  outbreak  of  Blissus  teucopterus  in  New  Yonkthe  result  of  an  increase 
due  to  favorable  conditions  rather  than  an  invasion. 

2238.  R[iley],  C.  V.    Insects  in  relation  to  agriculture.     <Stoddart's 

Encylopffidia  Americana,  1883,  v.  1,  pp.  135-142,  figs.  1-29. 
Chapter  9  of  article   "Agriculture."    Brief  accounts  with  numerous  illus- 
trations of  the  insects  named  below,  and  of  means  against  them,  with 
cross-references  to  accounts  of  other  insects  in  other  portions  of  the  work. 
The  headings  and  subjects  of  the  sub-chapters  are  as  follows  : 

Importance  of  economic  entomology 135 

Insects  iNJtJRious  to  fruit  and  fruit  trees  : 

Apple  curculio  (The),  Anthonomus  quadrigihhus  Say,  p.  135,  fig. 
1 — Apple-maggot  (The),  or  "railroad-worm,"  Trijpeta pomonella 
Walsh,  p.  135 — White-marked  tussock-moth  (The),  Orgyia  leuco- 
stigma  Sm.  and  Abb.,  pp.  135-136,  fig.  2 — Apple-tree  tent-cater- 
pillar (The),  Clisiocampa  americana  Harr.,  p.  136,  figs.  3-4 — Fall 
webb-worm  (The),  Hypliantria  textor  Harr.  [^^cwwea],  p.  136,  fig. 
5 — Oyster-shell  bark-louse  of  the  apple  (The),  Mi/tilasjiis  pomicor- 
itcis  Riley  l  =  pomorum'},  pp.  136-137,  fig.  6— Round-headed  apple- 
tree  borer  (The),  Saperda  hivittata  Say  \_=^  candidal,  p.  137,  fig.  7 — 
Flat-headed  apple-ttee  borer  (The),  Chrysoboihris  feniorata  Fabr., 
p.  137 — Spring  canker-worm  (The),  Paleacritavernata  Peck,  p.  137, 
figs.  8-9 — Fall  CAnker-woTm  {The),  Anisopieryx  pometaria  Harris, 
p.  137,  figs.  10-11— Peach-tree  borer  (The),  JSgeria  [=  Sannina'] 
exitiosa  Say,  pp.  137-138,  fig.  12  —  Currant-stalk  borer  (The), 
Mgeria  tipuliformis  L.,  p.  138 — Imported  currant-worm  (The), 
Nematus  ventricosus  Klug.  [=  ribesii],  p.  138,  figs.  13-14 — Native 
currant- worm  (The),  Fristiphora  grossiilariw  Walsh,  p.  138-— 
Snowy  tree-cricket  (The),  (Ecanikus  nivvus  Harr.,  p,  1.38,  figs. 
15-16. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    KNTOMOLOOY.  313 

2238.  R[iLEY],  C.  Y.— Continued. 

Insects  injurious  to  ckkkals  and  foragk-crops: 

White-grub  (The),  LachnosUrna  funca  Froh.,  pp.  138-139,  fig.  17— 
Clover-seed  midge  (The),  Cecidomyia  legnminicola  Lintuer,  p. 
139— Join t-\voiiii  (The),  Isoaoma  honUi  Harr.,  p.  131»,  llg.  18 — 
Wheat  inidge  (The),  Diplotin  tritici  Kirby,  p.  139— Cuttworms, 
family  Noctuida',  genera  Agroth,  Mamentra,  Hadena,  aud  I'rodenia, 
p.  139 — Wire-worms,  family  Elaterida',  p.  139. 

Insects  injurious  to  garden  vecjetables  : 

Imported  cabbage-worm  (The;,  Pierin  rapiv  Sehrauk,  i».  139,  figa. 
19-20 — Southern  cabbage  butterfly  (The),  rierls  protodice  Boisd., 
p.  140  —  Potherb  butterfly  (The),  Pierin  oleracea  Boisd.,  p. 
140 — Cabbage  plusia  (The),  Plusia  brassicw  Riley,  p.  140,  fig, 
21 — Harlequin  cabbage-bug  (The),  Murgantia  luHtrionica  Hahn, 
p.  140,  fig.  22 — Pea-weevil  (The),  Bruchus  pisi  Linn.,  p.  140,  fig. 
23— Bean-weevil  (The),  Bruchus  fahiv  Riley,  p.  140,  fig.  24— 
Blister-beetles,  meloid  genera  Macrohasi.s,  Epicauta,  etc.,  p.  140, 
fig.  25 — Striped  cucumber-beetle  (The),  Diabrotica  vittata  Fabr., 
pp.  140-141,  figs.  26-27. 

Insects  injuring  miscellaneous  field-crops: 

Cottou-boll  worm  (The)  or  corn-ear  worm,  Heliothis  armigera, 
Hiibu.,  p.  141,  fig.  28 — Tobacco-worm  (The).  Sphinx  l^^Proto- 
parce'l  Carolina  L.,  p.  141. 

Insects  injurious  to  the  vixe. 

Insects  injurious  to  live-stock  : 

Bot-fly  of  cattle  (The),  Hijpoderma  bovis  Latr.,  p.  141 — Sheep  bot-fly 
(The),  (Estrus  ovis  Linu.,  p.  141,  fig.  29— Horse  bot-fly  (The), 
GastrophiJus  cqui  Fabr.,  pp.  141-142. 

List  of   principal  American  writers  and  writings  upon  insects 

IN  relation  to  agriculture •- -.1  —       142 

2239.  R[iley],  C.  V.     Army-worm,  Leucania  unipuncta,  Haw.     <Stod- 

dart's  Encylopsedia  Americana,  1883,  v.  1,  pp.  317-318,  2  figs. 
Distribution,  seasons,  habits,   and   food-plants  of  aud  means  against 
Leucania  unipuncta  ;  references  to  the  more  important  articles  on  this 
insect ;  figures  of  larva  and  imago. 

2240.  Riley,  O.  Y.     An  epidemic  disease  of  Caloptenus  differentialis. 

<Amer.  Nat.,  December  [28  November],  1883,  v.  17,  p.  1287. 

Note  to  communication  of  H.  Osborn*^  the  Enlomoplithora  calopteni  a  result 
rather  than  the  cause  of  disease. 

2241.  Riley,  C.  Y.    The  growth  of  insect  eggs.  <Amer.  Nat.,  Decem- 

ber [28  November],  1883,  v.  17,  p.  1289. 
Notice  of  paper  of  J.  A.  Osborne;  swellingof  the  eggs  of  r/ianerop^cra[=  5cMd- 
deria']  curvicauda  probably  connected  witfi  embiyological  development. 

2242.  [Riley-,  C.  Y.]     Protective  device  employed  by  a  glaucopid  cater- 

pillar.    <Amer.  Nat.,  December  [28  November],  1883,  v.  1 7.  {k 

1269. 
Notice  of  paper  of  F.  Miiller ;  general  use  of  sh(<l  hairs  by  larvie  of  Arctiid(e 
iu  the  construction  of  their  cocoons;  description  of  method  in  wbidi  the 
larva  of  Eunomia  cagrus  arranges  its  shed  hairs  to  form  a  protection  for  the 
pupa. 

2243.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]    Saw-fly  larvfe  on  the  quince.     <Amer.  Nat.,  De- 

cember [28  November],  1883,  v.  17,  p.  12.S9. 
Notice  of  paper  of  J.  A.  Lintner;  food-plants  of  Helandria  l=Eriocampa'\cerasx. 


314  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2244.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Eutoinology  in  Kew  York.    <Amer.  Nat.,  Decem- 

ber [28  November],  1883,  v.  17,  pp.  1289-1291. 
Review  of  J.  A.  Liutnei's  first  annual  report  as  State  entomologist ;  list  of 
subjects  treated  in  tlie  report. 

2245.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Fruit  insects  in  California.  <  A.mer.  Nat.,  Decem- 

ber [28  November],  1883,  v.  17,  p.  1291. 
Review  of  M.  Cooke's  "  Injurious  Insects  of  the  Orchard." 

2246.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Death  of  Dr.  J.  L.  Leconte.  <  Amer.  Nat.,  Decem- 

ber [28  November],  1883,  v.  17,  p.  1291. 
Notes  the  loss  to  entomologists  occasioned  by  the  death  of  J.  L.  Leconte. 

2247.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Entomological  notes.    < Amer.  Nat.,  December  [28 

November,]  1883,  v.  17,  pp.  1291-1292. 
Brief  notices  of  published  articles  with  items  of  news. 

2248.  [Riley,  C.  V.|     Economic  notes.     <Amer.  Nat.,  December  [28 

November],  1883,  v.  17,  p.  1292. 
Eifect  of  Phylloxera  laws  in  Europe  ;  use  of  lime  as  a  means  against  Macro- 
dactylus ;  award  of  the  Le  Brun  j)rize  for  the  most  valuable  improvement 
relating  to  the  silk  industry. 

2249.  Riley,  C.  V.     [Raspberry  canes  jjunctured  by  Orchelimum  gla- 

berrimum.]      <Fruit  Recorder,  Purdy,  1  December,  1883,  v.  15. 
S.-b.  No.  42,  p.  92. 
Description  of  and  means  against  Orchelimum  glaherrimum. 

2250.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    The  Phylloxera  in  sandy  soil.     <Rural  New- 

Yorker,  1  December,  1883,  v.  42.     S.-b.  No.  42,  p.  97.     Eeprint : 
<Amer.  Nat.,  January,  1884  [29  December,  1883],  v.  18,  p.  78. 
Condition  of  the  grape  crop  in  France;    favorable  account  of  the  use  of 
American  grape-stocks ;  Phylloxera  vastatrix  harmless  in  sandy  soils. 

2251.  Riley,  0.  V.    Bacterial  disease  of  the  imported  cabbage-worm. 

<Sci.  Amer.,  1  December,  1883,  v.  49,  p.  337.    S.-b.  No.  42,  pp. 
91-92.    Reprint :  < Amer.  Nat.,  January,  1884  [29  December, 
1883],  V.  18,  p.  80. 
Notice  of  observations  of  S.  A.  Forbes  on  the  death  of  larvie  of  Pieris  rapw 
from  infection  by  Bacterium ;  previous  mention  of  this  disease. 

2252.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  chinch-bug  in  New  York  State.     <Sci.  Amer., 

8  December,  1883,  v.  49.  p.  359.     Reprint :  <Amer.  Nat.,  5  Jan- 
uary, 1884,  V.  18,  pp.  79-80. 
Critical  review  of  papers  of  J.  A.  Lintner  ;  the  occurrence  of  Blissus  leucop- 
terus  in  New  York  in  vinusual  abundance  in  1882  and  1883  is  not  warrant 
for  great  alarm.     See  No.  2271. 

2253.  Riley,  C.  V.    Reports  of  observations  and  experiments  in  the 

l^ractical  work  of  the  division,  made  under  the  direction  of  the 
entomologist.  <Bull.  No.  3,  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dept.  Agric,  [8 
December],  1883,  75  pp.,  3  pi. 

contents. 

Preface 7 

Further  notes  on  the  army  worm  {Leucania  unipuncta) 9 

Experiments  with  pyrethrum , 16 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  315 

2253.  EiLEY,  C.  v.— Contiimod. 

CONTENTS— Continued. 

Notes  ou  forest-tree  insects.     By  A.  S.  Packard,  jr 24 

The  cotton- worm  in  Soutli  Texas  in  18d3.     By  E.  H.  Anderson 31 

Test  of  machinery  tor  dcstroyinjj  the  cotton-worm.     By  W.  S.  Barnard.  39 

The  tree-borers  of  the  family  Cossidai.     By  J.  S.  Bailey 49 

Tests  of  silk  fiber  from  cocoons  raised  at  the  Department.     By  W.  Mc- 

Mnrtrie 56 

2254.  Riley,  C.  V.     Entomology  in  New  York.     <Rural  New-Yorker, 

15  December,  1883.     S.-b.  No.  42,  pp.  85-80. 
Review  of  J.  A.  Lintnei-'s  first  report  (for  the  year  1881)  as  State  entomolo- 
gist of  New  York. 

2255.  Riley',  C.  V.     Lncilia  macellaria.    <Sci.  Amer.,  15  December, 

1883,  V.  49,  p.  373.     S.-b.  No.  42,  p.  93. 
Critical  review  of  paper  of  F.  Humbert. 

2256.  Riley,  C.  V.    Dipterous  larv.ie  in  the  human  body.     <Sci.Amer., 

22  December,  18S3,  v.  49,  p.  385.     S.-b.  No.  42,  p.  90. 
References  to  and  notices  of  several  articles  on  the  occurrence  of  larvse  of 
Diptera  in  the  human  body ;  synonymy  and  distribution  of  Compnomyia 
[=:Zj*c(7ia]  macellaria;  myasis  caused  solely  by  larvae  of  Sarcophagidw  and 
Muscida;   (Fstrido'  occur  rarely  and  exceptionally  in  the  human  body. 

2257.  Riley,  C.  V.    Capitalizing  specific  names.     -CPapilio,  Septem- 

ber-December, 1883,  v.  3,  pp.  164-166.    Separate:  <[N.Y.],3pp. 

Comments  on  reasons  given  by  \V.  H.  Edwards  and  others  for  the  uniform 
capitalizing  of  specific  names.     See  No.  Ql/'i. 

2258.  R[iley],  C.  Y.    Townend  Glover.     <Papilio,  September-Decem- 

ber, 1883,  V.  3,  pp.  167-168. 
Obituary  notice. 

2259.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    The  genus  Colias.    <Amer.  Nat.,  [5]  January, 

1884,  V.  18,  pp.  74-76. 

Review  of  paper  of  H.  A.  Hagen;  disenssion  of  the  species  of  CoUaa  in  North 
America;  plastic  nature  and  classificatory  characters  of  the  genus. 

2260.  [RiLEY%  C.  Y.]     Larval  habits  of  the  dipterous  family  Dexidce. 

<Amer.  Nat.,  [5]  January,  1884,  v.  18,  pp.  76-77. 

Notice  of  paper  of  F.  Bran^r :  parasitism  of  Dexia  rustica  and  of  Phorostoma 
latum  on  the  larva  of  Ehizotrogiui  and  of  Mtlanophora  ?  diabrolica-  on  Dia- 
brotica  vittata. 

2261.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     Entomological  notes.     <Amer.  Nat.,  [5]  January, 

1884,  V.  18,  pp.  80-81. 
Carpocapsa  pomonella  has  been  introduced  into  Australia,  New  Zealand,  and 
Tasmania;  occurrence  of  Myrmicocela  ocltraceilla  in  ants'  nests. 

2262.  Riley,  C.  V.    Recent  outbreaks  of  the  army- worm.     <Kural  New- 

Yorker,  12  January,  1884,  v.  43,  p.  19.     S.b.  No.  56,  p.  145. 
Rare  occurrence  of  Lciicania  unipuncta  in  188-2  and  lfi83,  following  its  last  abun-  . 
dance  in  1881;  occurrence  of  its  larva-  at  East  Windsor,  Vt.,  in  June,  188:J. 

2263.  [RiLEY%  C.  Y.]     The  harh'quin  cabbage  bug,  etc.     <Rural  New- 

Yorker,  2  February,  1884,  v.  43,  p.  70.     S.-b.,  No.  63,  p.  41. 
Habits  of  and  means  against  Miirftantia  hititrionica  ;  effect  of  chemicals  applied 
to  the  soil  upon  the  colors  i>f  flowers. 


316  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2264.  Riley,  C.  Y.     Tribute  to  the  memory  of  John  Lawrence  Leconte. 

<Psyclie,  November-December,  1883  [11  February,  1884],  v.  4, 
pp.  107-110.     Separate:    < [Cambridge,  Mass.,   11   February, 
1884],  pp.  107-110.     Notice:  <Psyche,  loc.  cit,  p.  119. 
Biographical  notice  of  J.  L.  Leconte  ;  his  work  aud  writings ;  his  personal 
character;  disposition  of  his  entomological  collection. 

2265.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Fruit  culture  in  the  South.     <Washington  Post, 

26  February,  1884.     S.-b.  No.  42,  pp.  119-120. 
Interview  with  a  reporter  ;  means  against  insects  infecting  the  orange. 

2266.  Riley,  P.  V.  Ovipositiou  of  the  round-headed  apple-tree  borer. 

<Rural  New-Yorker,  1  March,  1884,  v.  43,  p.  132,  fig.  73.  S.-b. 
No.  42,  p.  85;  No.  67,  p.  3. 
Notice  of  paper  of  C.  G.  Atkins;  confirmation  of  the  account  of  the  method 
of  oviposition  of  Saperda  Candida ;  description  of  this  method  ;  correction  of 
several  statements  by  W.  Saunders  in  regard  to  the  oviposition  of  dilferent 
insects;  description  and  figure  of  the  egg  of  S.  Candida  ;  figures  of  the  bur- 
rows and  hole  of  exit  of  this  beetle  ;  figures  of  the  pupa  and  of  the  position 
of  the  egg  when  deposited. 

2267.  [Riley,  C.  V.,  et  al]    Third  report  of  the  United  States  Ento- 

mological Commission,  relating  to  the  Rocky  Mountain  locust, 
the  Western  cricket,  the  army-worm,  canker-worms,  and  the 
Hessian  fly;  together  with  descriptions  of  larvfe  of  injurious 
forest  insects,  studies  on  the  embryological  developmeut  of  the 
locust  and  of  other  insects,  and  on  the  systematic  position  of 
the  Orthoptera  in  relation  to  other  orders  of  insects ;  with  maps 
and  illustrations.  <Washiugton :  1883  [6  March,  1884J,  pp. 
14+347+12+92,  18  figs.,  64  pis.,  4  maps. 

Letter  of  submittal XI 

Preface XIII 

Part  I. — In  reference  to  the  Eocky  Mountain  locust  (Ca/ojjfe7i?<s  spretus). 

Chapter  I : 

Additions  to  the  chronology  of  locust  ravages  in  1880  and  1881 3 

The  locust  in  1880  in  Texas,  3 ;  in  Colorado,  4  ;  in  Utah.  4  ;  in  1881, 
in  Texas,  6 ;  in  Utah,  7. 
Chapter  II: 
The  Rocky  Mountain   locust  in  Montana  in  1880.     By  Lawrence 

Bruner  8 

The  country  from  St.  Paul  to  Montana,  8 — Between  Bismarck  and 
Fort  Keogh,  9 — Burning  often  impracticable,  9 — Destroying  lo- 
custs by  ditches  and  kerosene  eddies,  13 — Ropes  dragged  to  drive 
them,  15 — "Drifts  of  hoppers,"  16 — Shooting  against  locust 
swarms,  16 — Destroying  by  ditches  and  burning  straw,  17 — No 
more  damage  for  three  or  four  years,  17 — Enemies  of  the  locust 
in  the  Northwest,  17 — Topography  of  western  Dakota  and  Mon- 
tana, 19. 
Chapter  III : 

The  Rocky  Mountain  locust  in  Wyoming,  Montana,  etc.,  in  1881. 

By  Lawrence  Bruner 21 

Letter  of  submittal  of  report    by    Lawrence  Bruner,  21  —  Gen- 
eral  report,  22 — Brief  history  of  depredations,  22 — The  earlier 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  317 

2267.  fRiLEY,  C.  v.,  et  rf/.J— Continued. 

CUAPTKK  III— Coutiiitied. 

oues,  23— Cbai  acteristics  of  thepermanent  region,  24— Settlement 
ami  otbt-r  checks  against  locusts,  25 — Distribution  ol"  tbc  jtcrma- 
nent  regions,  2")— Tbcir  physical  pocnliaritii-s,28— The  arid  re- 
gion, 29— Pennancut  breeding  grounds,  2".t— Their  locations  and 
relations.  30— The  sources  of  locusts,:{0— Interchange  of  swaruie, 
31— Regular  migratory  routes,  31— Agencies  controlling  migra- 
tion, 32— Disadvantages  of  the  temporary  regions,  33— Period  of 
hatching,  34— Period  of  growth,  35— Habits  of  the  young,  M— 
Habits  at  maturity, 36— Causes  of  occasional  over-increase,  37— 
Checks,  enemies,  38- The  efforts  of  experts  baffled,  42— Tree 
culture,  42— Climatic  checks,  43— Tree  planting.  43— Flights 
affected  by  storms,  45 — Number  of  annual  broods,  4r(—.<;nb-per- 
manent  region,  46— Its  relations,  47— Locust  movements  therein, 
48— How  to  light  this  insect,  49— Locust  probabilities,  49— Re- 
cent swarms,  50.  • 
Chapter  IV : 
Notes  on  other  locusts  and  on  the  Western  cricket,  Jnahrua.    By 

Lawrence  Bruner 53 

Otherlocnsts,  53— List  of  North  American  locusts  north  of  Mexico, 
55 — The  Western  cricket,  61. 
Chapter  V: 
Data  obtained  from  solar  physics  and   earthquake  commotions  ap- 
plied to  elucidate  locust  multiplication  and  migration,  by  A.  H. 

Swinton 65 

Importance  of  the  central  luminary,  wide  effects  of  variation  in  its 
potential  energy,  65— On  the  tides,  on  chemical  and  organic  ac- 
tivities, on  the  physical  forces,  on  epidemics,  etc.,  65, 66— Periods 
of  sun-spots,  electrical  effects  of,  6(' — Thermometric  effects  of, 
67 — Volcanic  effects  of,  6^5 — Entomological  effects  of,  65"- A  new 
sun-spot  table,  69— Statement  and  tabulation  of  suu-Kpot  dates, 
69 — Comparison  of  sun-spot  periods  and  iu.sect  periods,  73 — 
American  locusts  diminished  by  the  spots,  73 — Euiopean  conlirm- 
ative  examples  of  locusts  apd  other  insects,  74 — Tabulation  of 
rare  insect  captures,  79 — Explained,  81— Migration  and  distribu- 
tion affected,  HI — Locusts  again  predicted  in  four  or  ten  years, 
83 — Conclusions,  84. 

Part  II.— The  aumy-worm,  canker-worms,  axd  the  iiessiax  fly. 

Chapter  VI :  By  C.  V.  Riley. 
The  army-worm,  Lcucania  utiiputtcta.     By  C.  \.  Riley 89 

Nomenclature,  89— Other  army- worms,  falsely  so  called,  89 — Geo- 
graphical distribution,  91 — Injuries  by,  92— Past  history  of,  92— 
Descriptive  characters  of,  101 — The  egg,  101— The  larva,  102— 
The  pupa,  103— Adults  and  sexual  differences,  1<»3— Habits  and 
natural  history,  Ut.')— Ovipositiou,  10.5— Habits  when  young,  lOd— 
Duration  of  larval  life,  109— Traveling  haliits,  etc.,  110- Time  of 
appearance.  112 — Sudden  appearance  and  disai)j»earance,  114 — 
Food-plants,  116 — The  pupa  stale,  117— Habits  of  the  moth,  117 — 
Flight,  118 — Position  at  rest,  lib — Number  of  broods  yearly,  118 — 
Hibernation,  122 — Natural  enemies,  125 — Remedies.  128 — Burning 
old  grass,  etc..  128 — Predictions,  meteorological  influences  on  the 
species,  129 — Ditching,  coal-tar,  poisoning,  130 — Ktdling,  fencing, 
roping,  131— Report  of  observations  by  L.O.  Howard,  132 — Ex- 


318  BIBLIOGEAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2267.  [Riley,  C.  V.,  et  aL]— Continued. 

Chapter  VI — Continued. 

tent  of  country  injured,  133 — Crops  injured,  133 — Amount  of 
damage,  133 — Previous  season  and  crop,  134 — Number  of  broods, 
134 — An  accompanying  cut- worm,  135 — Natural  enemies,  135 — 
Army-worm  correspondence  in  spring  of  1882, 136 — The  invasion 
of  1880  in  New  Jersey,  by  Eev.  Samuel  Lockwood,  139 — Perform- 
ances of  the  worms,  139 — The  direction  of  travel,  141 — Origin, 
eggs,  etc.,  143— Breeding  spots,  143 — Recapitulation,  habits,  and 
remedies,  145 — Notes  from  Prof.  C.  V.  Riley,  the  number  of  broods, 
hibernation,  seasonal  influences,  147 — Bibliography,  148. 

Chapter  VII :  By  C.  V.  Riley. 
Canker-worms,  Paleacrita  vernata,  Anisopieryx  poinetaria.     By  C.  V. 

Riley - 157 

Classification,  157 — Two  distinct  insects  concerned,  158 — Differences 
'  between  them,  159 — Nomenclature,  162 — Past  history,  165 — The 

spring  canker-worm,  170 — -Range  of  the  species,  170 — Characters, 
171 — Habits  and  natural  history,  172 — Appearance  of  the  worms, 
173 — Food-plants,  174 — Modesof  distribution,  175 — Enemies,  175 — 
Destructiveness  of  canker-worms,  178 — The  fall  canker-worm, 
179 — Range  of  this  species,  179 — Its  characters,  180 — Habits  and 
natural  history,  181 — Oviposition,  182 — Season  of  appearance, 
182— Pupation,  183— Food-plants,  183 — Remedies  and  preventive 
measures  applicable  to  both  species,  183— Sticky  substances,  183 — 
Hanging  tin  band,  185— Troughs  of  oil,  186— Precautions  and 
classification  of  contrivances,  189— Jarring  and  burning,  191 — 
Washes  and  dustings,  191— Paris  green,  192— Muriate  of  lime, 
192— Sulphur  plugged  in  trees,  193— Fall  plowing,  193— Birds  and 
parasites,  195 — Diiferent  measures  against  the  species,  196. 

Chapter  VIII: 
The  Hessian  fly — Cecidomyia  destructor,  its  ravages,  habits,  and  the 

meaus  of  preventing  its  increase.     By  A.  S.  Packard,  jr 198 

Introduction,  198 — Losses  occasioned  by  the  Hessian  fly,  199 — De- 
scription of  the  fly,207— Habits,  210— Mode  of  egg-laying,  211— 
Effects  of  the  larva,  213 — Weather  and  seasonal  influences,  215 — 
Parasites,  216— Remedies,  220— Late  sowing,  221— Early  sowing, 
223 — Advantage  of  high  culture,  225 — Pasturing  with  sheep,  225 — 
Sowing  hardy  varieties,  227 — Special  remedies,  229 — Application 
of  lime,  229— Rolling  the  ground,  229— Close  cutting,  229— Burn- 
ing stubble,  230— Periodicity  of  the  fly,  230— Chronological  table 
of  fly  years,  232 — Distribution  of  the  fly,  234 — Its  origin  in  Amer- 
ica, 234— History  of  its  distribution  in  the  Old  World,  234— In 
America,  240 — Summary  of  habits  and  remedies,  244 — List  of 
works  and  articles  on  the  Hessian  fly,  245. 

Part  HI.— Scientific  Results. 
Chapter  IX : 
Descriptions  of  larvae  of  injurious  forest  insects.    By  A.  S.  Packard,  jr.       251 
Buprestidw,  251 — The  flat-headed  apple-borer,  Chrysobothris  femo- 
rata,   251 — Chalcophora  virginica,  252 — Melanojyhila  sp.,2b3 — The 
flat-headed   spruce-borer   {Melanophila^),  254 — The  flat-headed 
peach-  and  cherry-borer,  Dieerca  divaricata  Say,  255 — Buprestid 
under  hemlock    bark,  255 — Ceramhycidn\  256 — Longicorn  larva 
under  hemlock  bark,  256 — Saperda  on  the  willow,  256 — The  lesser 
pine-borer,    Asemnm    mirsfum    Haldeman,   256 — The    oak-borer, 
Elaphidlon  po,raUelu,m  Newman,  257 — The   common   oak   clytus, 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  319 

2267.  [Riley,  C.  V.,  et  «/.]— Continued. 

Chapter  IX — Coutinued. 

Xylotrechus  colouus  Fabr.,  257 — Clyius  (f)  larva  ou  black-biroh, 
259 — The  ribbed  rhagium,  lih.  liiieatum  Oliver.  259— The  lesser 
prionus,  Or//io«OH(a  brnnneum  Dc  Geer,  2150 — Unknown  longicom 
borer  from  an  oak  log,  2G1— Uukuowu  lougicorn  borer  in  syca- 
more, 2G2. 

Chapter  X: 

The  embryological  development  of  the  locust.  By  A.  S.  Psvckard.jr.  263 
Formation  of  the  blastoderm,  263 — Origin  of  the  iirimitivcanid-boid 
cells,  264 — The  blastodermic  disc  or  primitive  baud,  264 — The 
germinal  groove,  264 — Origin  of  the  cellular  or  germinal  layers, 
264 — Diagrammatic  view  of  the  origin  of  these  layers,  from  Gra- 
ber.  265 — Embryonal  membranes,  265 — Serous  membrane,  265 — 

.  Amnion,  265 — Tabular  view  of  the  eight  embryonal  layers,  265 — 

Division  of  the  embryo  or  primitive  baud  into  body  segments, 
266 — Development  of  the  appendages,  266  ;  of  the  nervous  sys- 
tem, 266;  of  the  alimentary  canal.  266 — The  stomoda'um,  266 — 
The  proctodipum,  267 — The  meseuteron  or  stomach.  267 — The 
pyloric  appendages  of  the  stomach,  267 — The  Malpighian  tubes, 
267 — The  genital  glands.  267 — The  trachea'  and  salivary  glands, 
267— Spinning  glands,  267— Development  of  the  wings,  268— Crit- 
icism of  Gegenbaur's  views,  269— Fritz  Midler's  views,  269— 
Speculation  on  the  primary  origin  of  wings,  270 — Correlation  of 
metamorphosis  with  the  acquisition  of  wings,  and  of  the  latter 
with  the  ripening  of  the  sexual  organs,  271— Differentiation  of 
mesonotum  and  metanotum  dependent  on  the  presence  of  wings, 
271— Development  of  a  pupal  stage,  271— Genealogy  of  the  or- 
ders of  insects,  271. 
The  embryological  development  of  orthopterous  insects.    By  A.  S. 

Packard,  jr 271 

Rapid  development  of  the  embryo  in  autumn,  272— Embryology  of 
Gryllotalpa  vulgaris,  272— Formation  and  contraction  of  the  em- 
bryonal skins,  272— Formation  of  the  digestive  canal,  272— Func- 
tions of  the  mid-gut  and  hind-gut,  273— Origiu  of  the  Malpighian 
vessels,  salivary  glands,  trachea-,  and  ovaries,  273— The  sections 
of  eggs  studied  by  the  author,  prepared  by  N.  N.  Mason,  273. 

DeYelo-pment  of  Caloptenus  atlanis.     By  A.  S.  Packard,  jr 273 

Rapidity  of  development  in  locust  eggs  laid  in  autumn,  273— Requi- 
sites for  the  observation  of  stages  earlier  than  those  studied,  273— 
Method  of  preparation  of  the  eggs  studied,  274— Structure  of  the 
nervous  system  and  eyes,  274  :  of  the  heart,  274— Mode  of  origin 
of  the  heart,  274— Contents  of  the  heart,  •_'74— Structure  of.the 
tracheal.  275;  of  the  digestive  canal.  275— Kelations  of  the  proc- 
todaium  to  the  amnion,  27.5— Structure  of  the  Malpighian  tubes, 
276 — The  yolk  cells  and  yolk  granules,  276. 

Development  of  Caloptenm  aprefHU.    By  A.  S.  Packard,  jr 277 

The  primitive  segments,  277— The  nervous  system,  277— The  tra- 
chea;, 278— The  digestive  canal,  278— Details  of  structure  in  more 
advanced  embryos,  278— Structure  of  eyes,  27S— Origin  of  ocelli, 
278— Relations  of  antenna-,  eyes,  clypeus,  and  labrum  to  the  pro- 
celaphic  lobes,  279— Structure  of  brain  and  other  ganglia,  279— 
Relation."  of  man<'.ibles  and  the  two  pairs  of  maxilhe,  279— Rela- 
tive development  of  legs,  279— Sections  of  embryo  about  ready 
to  hatch,  279. 


320  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2287.  [Riley,  C.  V.,  et  al.] — Continued. 

Chapter  X — Continned. 
The  development  of  the  bark-boring  beetles  Rylurgops  and  XyU- 

horus.     By  A.  S.  Packard,  jr 280 

Breeding  habits  of  Xyleborus  c(v,latus,  280 — Oviposition  of  Hylurgus 
pinifex,  2S0 — Egg  of  the  Xyleborus,  24  hours  after  impregnation, 
280 — More  developed  egg,  280 — Threads  connecting  the  amnion 
with  the  serous  membrane,  281 — Dorsal  view  of  the  embryo,  281 — 
Later  stage  in  Hylurgops,  281 — Later  stage  in  Xyleborus,  281 — 
Number  of  pairs  of  spiracles,  281 — Structure  and  habits  of  freshly 
hatched  Hylurgops,  281. 
The  number  of  segments  in  the  head  of  winged  insects.     By  A.  S. 

Packard,  jr 282 

Views  generally  entertained  on  this  subject,  282 — Head  composed 
of  four  segments,  283— The  procephalic  lobes  form  the  antenual 
segment,  284 — The  clypeus  and  labrum  are  the  tergal  portion  of 
this  segment,  284 — The  epicrauium  is  the  pleural  portion,  284 — 
The  occiput  is  the  tergal  portion  of  the  labial  segment,  284 — The 
gnlar  region  probably  the  base  of  the  labium,  285. 
Chapter  XI: 

The  systematic  position  of  the  Orthoptera  in  relation  to  other  orders 

of  insects.     By  A.  S.  Packard,  jr 286 

Review  of  the  characteristics  of  the  four  lowest  orders  of  winged! 
insects,  286 — Probable  descent  of  Orthoptera,  Pseudoneuroptera, 
and  Dermatoptera  from  a  Thysanuran  form,  286 — Method  of  the 
present  study,  286 — Characters  of  the  Phyloptera,  287 — Mouth- 
parts,  287— Thorax,  237— Wings,  288— Abdomen,  288— Metamor- 
phosis, 288 — Nomenclature  of  external  parts  of  Arthropoda,  288 — 
Sequence  of  orders  of  Phyloptera,  288 — Characters  of  Dermatop- 
tera, 289  ;  of  Orthoptera,  289  ;  of  Pseudoneuroptera,  290 — Want 
of  uniformity  in  characters  of  Pseudoneuroptera,  290 — The  diag- 
nostic characters  superficial,  290 — Structure  of  labium,  291 — 
Relative  proportions  of  head-parts,  291 — Subdivisions  of  the  order, 
292— Characters  of  Platyptera,  292  ;  of  Odonata,  292 — Of  Ephem- 
erina,  293 — Characters  of  Neuroptera,  293 — Ligula,  293 — Thorax, 
293— Wings,  293— Abdomen,  294— Subdivisions  of  the  order,  294— 
Tabular  view  of  the  grand  divisions  of  winged  insects,  294 — Dia- 
grammatic view  of  the  genealogy  of  the  insects,  295 — Genealogy 
of  ihe  Hexapoda,  295 ;  of  Thysanura,  295 ;  of  Dermatoptera,  295 ; 
of  Orthoptera,  296 ;  of  Pseudoneuroptera,  296 ;  of  Hemfptera, 
297 ;  of  Neuroptera,  297 — Derivation  of  cruciform  larvte,  297  ;  of 
Sialidas  297;  of  thysanuriform  larvse,  297 — Diversity  of  Neu- 
ropterous  larvas,  297 — Larvae  of  Sialidie,  297 :  of  Hemerobiidie, 
297;  of  Trichoptera,  298;  of  Panorpidie,  298— Significance  of 
the  abdominal  legs  of  Pauorpid  larvae,  299 — The  hypermetamor- 
phosis  of  Mantispa  a  key  to  the  origin  of  a  complete  metamor- 
phosis, 299 — The  asiiect  of  the  Neuroptera  comparatively  special- 
ized and  modern,  299 — The  Neuropterous  labium  a  secondary 
product,  299 — Origin  of  the  Coleoptera,  299 — The  free,  active 
larva^.  of  the  carnivorous  groups  most  nearly  allied  to  the  primi- 
tive form,  300 — The  scavenger  and  lihytophagous  larvie  show 
increasing  degradation  of  development,  300 — The  relative  form 
of  the  maxillie  a  good  index  of  the  general  development  of  the 
body  in  Coleoptera,  300— Structure  of  maxilhe  in  the  several 
families,  300 — Close  resemblance  of  the  mouth-parts  of  Elaterid 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  321 

21i67.  [Riley,  C.  V.,  et  a/.]— Continued. 

CliAPTKR  XI— Continiu'd. 

larvio  to  those  of  Carabid  larvas  30]— Tho  hypermetamorphosis 
of  MeloidiB  furnishes  a  clew  to  the  prohahle  origin  of  the  dirt'er- 
ent  typea  of  Coh'opterous  larva*,  301— Brief  description  of  the 
metaqjorphoscs  of  Meloe,  301— Of  Epicauta,  302— Conii)ari8on  of 
the  larval  stages  of  Mtloidio  with  the  different  types  of  Coleop- 
terous larvie,  30'2— Origin  of  the  Diptera,  Lepidoptera,  and  Hy- 
menoptera,  303 — Presence  of  temporary  abdominal  appendages 
on  each  segment  of  Lepidoplerous,  Coleopterous,  and  Orthopter- 
ous  embryos,  304 — Description  of  the  structure  of  Dermatoptera 
(Forficula),  304— Labia,  30t'—LarvaofForficula,30»—Orthoptera, 
309— Blattariaj,  309— Close  relation  of  Blatta  and  Termes,  310— 
Structure  of  Mantida?,  310— Bhitta  the  stem-form  of  the  Orthop- 
tera,  31.2 — Mantis  connects  the  Acrydii  and  the  Blattaria;,  312 — 
Structure  of  Phasmida,  31'2 — Diapheromera,  312— Prisopus,  313— 
This  genus  connects  the  Phasmida  with  the  Acrydii,  314— Struc- 
ture of  Acrydii,  314 — Caloptcnus,  314 — Proscopia,  316 — Conoceph- 
alus,  318 — Locustariffi  (Aiiabrus),  318 — Gryllida>,  319 — Gryllus, 
319— Gryllotalpa,  320— CEcanthus,  322— Sequence  of  families  of 
Orthoptera,  322 — Structure  of  Pseudoncuroptera,  322 — Corroden- 
tia,  3-22 — Perlidic  (Pteronarcys),  322 — Psocida;  (Psocus),  325 — 
Termitidse,  32r — Odouata,  329 — Ephemeriua,  333 — Neuropteia, 
335 — Piauipennia,  335 — SiaIidiT3,  335 — Hemerobiidoe,  338 — Panor- 
pidae  (Panorpa),  342 — Trichoptera  (Limnophilus),  344. 
Chapter  XII : 
Note  on  the  geographical  distribution  of  the  Rocky  Mountain  lo- 
cust, illustrated  with  a  colored  zoo-geographical  map  of  North 
America.    By  A.  S.  Packard,  jr 346 

APPENDipES. 

Appendix  I: 

Early  references  to  the  occurrence  of  the  Hessian  fly  in  North  America.       [3] 
Early  newspaper  references,  [3] — In  17S4-'d5,  at  Long  Island  and 
West  Chester,  [3] — In  1788,  iu  Long  Island,  Delaware,  New  Jer- 
sey, and  Pennsylvania,  [3] — The  fly  resisted  by  certain  varieties 
of  wheat,  [3-5]. 
Appexdix  II: 

A.  Description  of  the  rye  gall-gnat.    By  Dr.  Herman  Loew [6] 

Views  as  to  the  original  country  of  the  Hessian  fly,  [6] — The  rye 

gall-gnat  and  the  Hessian  fly  may  not  bo  the  same  species,  [6] — 
Description  of  the  rye  gall-gnat,  C.  secalhia,  [7]. 

B.  Observations  of  the  new  crop  gall-gnat.     By  Dr.  Balthasar  Wag- 

ner, Fulda,  1861.     Translated  by  Carl  F.  Gissler [8] 

Literature,  [8]— Preliminary  consideration  of  the  snbimago  and 
imago  stages,  [8]— Occurrence  at  Fulda,  [8]— Breeding  under 
nets,  [9]- Seasonal  and  sexual  differences,  [9]— The  fly  short 
lived,  [10]— Description  of  the  adult,  [lOJ— Of  the  male,  [12]— 
Of  the  female,  [  13  |— The  winter  generat  ion,  [  14]— The  egg,  [  15]— 
The  maggot,  [16]— The  pupa  or  chrysalis,  [19]— The  perfect  in- 
sect, [20]— Seasonal  and  sexual  ditterences,  [21]— Only  the  mag- 
gots hibernate,  [22]— Single  and  double  l)rooded,  [23]— Summer 
generation,  [23]— The  new  cereal  gall-gnat  as  compared  with 
Cecidomyia  fecaliiia  Loew,  [24]— Comparison  of  C.  sevalinn  Loew 
with  C.  destructor  Say,  [24]— Views  of  Loew,  Fitch,  and  Uerrick 

21  ENT 


322  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY 

2267.  [Riley,  C.  V.,  et  «Z.]— Continued. 

Appendix  II — Continued. 

discussed,  [25] — The  rye  gall-gnat,  C.  secalina  and  C.  destructor, 
all  of  oue  species,  [28] — The  name  Hessian  fly  not  justified,  [28] — 
Historical  evidence  thereon,  [28] — Attempt  at  a  new  theory  of 
the  origin  of  the  insect,  [31] — Of  Asiatic  origin?,  [31] — Carried 
to  North  America  from  France  or  Spain,  [32] — Parasites,  [33]  — 
Remedies,  [34] — The  removal  of  the  barley  after-growth,  [34] — 
Picking  by  hand,  [35] — Grazing,  [35] — Mowing,  etc.,  [36] — Sow- 
ing grain  as  bait,  [30] — Plowing,  burning,  rolling,  [37] — Rich- 
ness of  soil,  [37] — Resistive  varieties  of  wheat,  [38] — Sowing  late 
or  early,  [38]. 
Appendix  III :  . 

The  Hessian  fly  in  Silesia  in  18G9.     By  Professor  Dr.  Ferd.  Cohn [39] 

The  Hessian  fly,  Cecidomyia  destructor,  and  other  Diptera  observed 
destroying  grain  in  Silesia,  [39]. 
Appendix  IV : 
Koeppen's  account  of  the  Hessian  fly.     By  F.  T.  Koeppen,  St.  Peters- 
burg, 1880 [41] 

The  Hessian  fly  recently  detected  extensively  distributed  in  Rus- 
sia, [41] — Two  generations  each  season,  [41] — Number  of  eggs 
at  each  deposition,  [41] — Parasites,  [41] — Doubtful  epecies  of     - 
Cecidomyia,  [42] — Descriptions  of  species,  [42]. 
Appendix  V: 

The  Hessian  fly  not  imported  from  Europe.     By  Dr.  H.  A.  Hagen, 

Cambridge,  Mass [43] 

Conclusions  of  the  author  and  others  as  to  the  nativity  of  Cecido- 
myia destructor,  [43]— Not  imported  by  the  Hessian  troops,  [43] — 
Probably  here  before  the  war,  [45] — Not  known  in  Germany  be- 
fore 1857,  [46] — Mistakes  corrected,  [46] — A  critical  review  of 
its  history,  [47]— Marked  difference  between  C.  destructor  and  C, 
secalina,  [49]. 
Appendix  VI: 

Report  on  the  Rocky  Mountain   locust  in  1880.     By  John  Marten. ..     [50] 
Report  to  Dr.  Cyrus  Thomas  of  observations,  [50] — Damages  from 
locusts  and  wheat  flies  in  Minnesota,  [50] — Previous  damages 
from  locusts  in  Dakota,  [51] — In  Montana,  [52]. 
Appendix  VII: 

Report  of  notes  made  in  1880.     By  A.  J.  Chipman [55] 

Nolocusts  in  Kansas,  [,55] — Suffering  from  drought,  [55] — Favorable 
climatic  changes,  [55] — The  locusts  in  Colorado,  [56]. 
Appendix  VIII : 

Miscellaneous  locust  notes [57] 

Dates  and  localities  of  locust  swarms  that  have  attained  the  coast 
of  Great  Britain.  Notes  by  A.  H.  Swinton,  [57] — Occurrence  of 
the  migratory  locust  in  Japan,  [59] — Early  notices  of  locusts  in 
North  America,  [59] — Locusts  at  Fort  Frontenac  or  Cataraqui, 
Canada,  [59]  ;  at  Puerto  Seguro  Harbor,  California,  [60] — The 
locust  in  California  in  1880,  [60];  in  Nevada,  [60] — Locusts  and 
cotfee-trees  in  Guatemala,  [60] — History  of  locusts  in  other  coun- 
tries, [61] — Locusts  probably  never  will  do  so  much  damage  again 
in  North  America,  [61] — Utilization  of  locusts  as  food,  [61];  of 
crickets  as  manure,  [62] — Ravages  of  locusts  in  Russia  in  1879 
and  1880,  [62]  ;  in  the  Caucasus,  [63]  ;  in  Elizavetopol,  [63]  ;  in 
the  district  of  Rassachs,  [64] — Plowing  as  a  means  of  killing  the 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  323 

2267.  [KiLEY,  C.  v.,  ct  a^]— Continued. 

Ai'i'EXDix  VIII — Coutimied. 

locusts,  [64] — Dcstnictiou  of  locusts  in  tbe  district  of  Gori, 
[64] — Locusts  iu  Cbiua  iu  1878,  [65] — Oil  as  a  uifiins  of  destroy- 
ing theui,  [65] — 2,000,000  catties  of  eggs  collected,  [65]— Article 
ou  the  extermination  of  the  locust  in  China,  [65-68]— Chinese 
bibliography  of  tbe  subject,  [65]— Chinese  rcgulatious  regarding 
tbe  externiiuation  of  locusts,  [67]— Locusts  in  Cape  Colony, 
South  Africa,  [68]— Ravages  of  untledged  locusts,  [68]— Locusts 
as  food,  [()9] — Barriers  as  means  of  warding  ott"  and  capturing 
locusts,  [61)]- Egg  laying  and  hatching,  [72]— Protection  against 
flying  locusts,  [72]— Locusts  in  the  Philippine  Islands  in  1878-79, 
[72]— The  locust  plague  in  Bolivia,  [72]— Locusts  iu  India,  [73]; 
in  tbe  OttapidaraniTaluq,  [73]  ;  in  Sattur,  [73]— Ki«iuest  «>f  the 
Madras  Government  for  inlbrmatiou  as  to  tbe  movements  of  tbe 
locusts,  [74] — Locusts  in  Knlapurum,  Comaraliugum,  Kolumam, 
and  in  the  Pulni  Taluq,  [74] — Difficulties  in  coping  with  locusts 
in  southern  India,  [74] — Means  against  unfledged  locusts,  [75] — 
Locusts  driven  into  tbe  sea  at  Tuticoriu  and  Tricbendur,  [76] — 
Recommendation  of  rewards  for  gathering  locusts,  [76] — Locusts 
*  at  Peryapatty,  [76]  ;  in  tbe  Bellary  district,  [77]— Recommenda- 

tion of  means  against  locusts,  [7c] — Locusts  at  Madura,  [78] — 
Destruction  of  young  locusts  by  fire  at  Pothanore,  [78]— Locusts 
at  Tiroomoortbypovil,  Dbully,  and  Jellipatty,  [79]  ;  iu  various 
parts  of  tbe  Punjab,  [79] — Means  against  the  locusts,  [79]— Re- 
muneration for  destruction  of  locusts,  [80] — Locusts  in  Cudda- 
pah  district,  [61]. 

Appendix  IX: 

Experience  with  tbe  spring  canker- worm.  By  Martin  A.  Howell,  jr..  [82] 
Means  employed  to  save  an  orchard  from  the  ravages  of  canker- 
worms,  [82]— Pruning,  manuring,  and  washing  of  the  trees, 
[82] — Spraying  of  tbe  leaves  with  soft  soap  and  arseuite  of  soda 
iu  water,  [83]— Belting  tbe  trees  with  sulphur  and  adhesive 
mixtures,  [83]— Endurance  of  the  moths,  [84]— Variation  of 
color  in  eggs,  [85] — Most  practical  means  of  relief,  [85] — Adult- 
erations of  Paris  green,  [85]— Good  force-pumps,  [85]— Distribu- 
tion of  canker-worms  by  tbe  wind,  [85]. 

2268.  [Rlley,  C.  V.]     The  silk  industry  in  the  United  States.     <Sci. 

euce,  7  March,  1884,  v.  3,  pp.  290-292.  S.-b.  No.  42,  pp.  82-84- 
Review  of  article  of  W.  C  Wyckofi";  early  history  and  present  status  of  silk 
culture  iu  North  America;  criticism  of  the  estimates  of  tbe  amount  of  silk 
■raised  iu  early  times;  relations  of  silk-culture  and  silk-manufacture  to 
free  trade  and  protection  in  tbe  United  States. 

2269.  Eiley,  C.  Y.     The  array-worm.     <Washington,  1883  [20  March, 

1884],  pp.  89-152,  pi.  1-2,  with  1  p.  expl.  of  pi.     Advance  re- 
print of  princii)al  portions:    <Rept.  [U.  S.J  Com.  Agric.  for 
1881-1882,  January,  1883,  *pp.  89-100. 
Chapter  6  of  tbe  Third  Report  U.  S.  Entomological  Commission.     See  No. 
2267  for  synopsis  of  contents. 

2270.  EiLEY,  C.  V.     Canker-worms.     <Washiiijjton,  1883  [20  March, 

1884J,  pp.  157-198,  pi.  3,  with  1  p.  expl.  of  pi.   Extract :  <  Amer. 


324  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2270.  EiLEY,  C.  v.— Continued. 

Cult.,  1884,  V.  46:  29  March,  p.  1;  5  April,  p.  1.     S.-b.  No.  42,  pp. 
118-119  ;  No.  57,  pp.  86-87. 
Chapter  7  of  Third  Report  U.  S.  Entomological  Commission.     See  No.  2267 
for  synopsis  of  contents. 

2271.  [Riley,  C.  v.]     The  chinch-bug.   Another  entomologist  expresses 

his  views  regarding  the  farmers'  pest.  <Watertown  [N.  Y.] 
Daily  Times,  27  March,  1884,  v.  24.  S-b.  No.  57,  pp.  42-43. 
Reprint:  <Ogdensburg  Journal,  1884. 
Notice  of  articles  of  J.  A.  Lintner;  the  occurrence  of  Blissus  leucopierus  in 
New  York  State  in  unusual  abundance  in  1882  and  1883  not  a  cause  for 
great  alarm  ;  means  against  this  insect.     See  No.  2252. 

2272.  Riley,  C.  V.    Notes  on  North  American  Psyllidce.     <Proc.  Biol. 

Soc.  Wash.,  1884,  v.  2,  pp.  67-79.     Separate:  <[Washington], 

10  April,  1884,  pp.  67-79. 

Notice  of  earlier  studies  of  European  and  North  American  PsyUidtv;  list  of 
18  nominal  species  described  from  North  America;  systematic  and  syn- 
onymical  list  of  the  same;  descriptions  of  Pachypsylla  n.  g.  [p.  71],  P. 
venusta,  P.  celfidis-mamma,  and  P.  {_Blastophysa  n.  s-g.,  p.  75]  celtidis-gemma 
n.  sp.  [p.  74];  dichotomic  table  of  the  three  species  of  Pac/iyjjs^^/a;  descrip- 
tions of  Ctropsylla  n.  g.  [p.  76]  sideroxyli  n.  sp.  [p.  76],  Eldnopsylla  u.  g. 
[p.  77]  schwarzii  n.  sp.  [p.  78]. 

2273.  Riley,  C.  V.     Remarks  on  the  bag-worm,  Thyridopteryx  epheme- 

rceformis.  <Proc.  Biol.  Soc.  Wash.,  1882-1884,  1884,  v.  2,  pp. 
80-83,  figs.  1-3.  Separate :  <[  Washington],  10  April,  1884,  pp. 
80-83,  figs.  1-3. 
Explanation  of  the  more  important  and  less  known  facts  in  relation  lo  the 
life-history  of  Thyridopteryx  ephemera' for  mis,  especially  in  reference  to  the 
act  of  coition ;  figures  of  all  stages  and  of  the  external  male  genitalia. 

2274.  Riley,  C.  V.   The  use  of  naphthaline  as  an  insecticide.   <Science, 

11  April,  1884,  V.3,  pp.  455-456. 
Review  and  summary  of  article  of  E.  Fischer. 

2275.  Riley,  C.  V.     Entomography  of  Hirmoneura.     <Science,   18 

April,  1884,  v.  3,  p.  488. 
Review  of  F.  Brauer's  observations  on  the  life-history  of  Hirmoneura  obscura. 

2276.  Riley,  C.  V,     Orthoptera.  <Standard  Natural  History  (The)  . .  . 

Boston,  Cassino,  1  May-27  July,  1884,  v.  2,  pp.  167-203,  1  pi., 
figs.  243-285.  Reprint:  <Riverside  Natural  History  (The)  . .  . 
Boston  and  New  York,  Houghton,  Mifflin  &  Co.,  1888,  v.  2,  pp. 
167-203, 1  pi.,  figs.  243-285. 
Systematic  position,  limitations,  classificatory  characters,  transformations, 
molts,  and  geographical  and  geological  distribution  of  the  order;  charac- 
ters, habits,  and  distribution  of  the  several  families;  mention  of  the  prin- 
cipal North  American  and  of  some  foreign  species,  with  more  particular 
accounts  of  many  species,  especially  in  regard  to  their  stridulation  and  ovi- 
position,  with  figures  of  a  few  species  and  of  their  eggs.  Ectolia  germanica, 
Phasmomantis  Carolina,  Diapheromerafemorata,  CEcanthiis  niveus,  (E.laHpennia, 
Orocharis  saltator,  Camptonotus  scudderi,  Cyrtophyllus  concavus,  Microcen- 
trum  retinerve,  and  Caloptenus  spretus  are  particularly  mentioned. 

2277.  Riley",  C.  V.     Reports  of  observations  and  experiments  in  the 

practical  work  of  the  division,  made  under  the  direction  of  the 


^     BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  325 

2277.  Riley,  C.  V.— Continued. 

entomologist,  together  with  extracts  from  correspondence  on 
miscellaneous  insects.  <Bull.  No.  4,  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dept. 
Agric.  [3  May],  1884,  102  pp.,  4  figs. 

CONTENTS. 
Introduction 7 

Report  upon  cranberry  ami  hop  insects.     By  John  B.  Smith 9 

Observations  on   the  Rocky   Mountain  locust  and  other  insects  in  the 

Northwest  during  the  summer  of  lb83.     By  Lawrence  Brnner 51 

Preliminary  report  of  observations  upon  insects  injurious  to  cotton, 

orange,  and  sugar-cane  in  Brazil.     By  John  C.  Brauner 63 

Report  on  the  effects  of  cold  on   the  scale  insects  of  the  orange  in 

Florida.     By  Joseph  Voyle 70 

Extracts  from  correspondence 74 

Additional  notes  on  the  cultivation  of  pyrethrum  in  the  United  States.        95 

2278.  Riley,  C.  V.     Silk-culture  in  the  colonies.    <Science,  9  May, 

1884,  V.  3,  pp.  562-503. 
Explanation  of  several  technical  terms  used  in  silk-culture. 

2279.  Riley,  C.V.    Maple-tree  insects.     <Sci.  Amer.,  24  May,  1884,  v. 

59,  p.  325.     S.-b.  Iso.  63,  p.  45. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  R.  H.  Cutler;  food-plants  of  and  means  against  Pulvi- 
naria  innumerabilis. 

2280.  Riley,  C.  V.    Acronycta  betuUe  n.  sp.    <Bull.  Brooklyn  Ent.  Soc, 

May,  1884,  v.  7,  pp.  2-3,  fig. 

Description  of  Acroni/cla  hetulcc  n.  sp.  [ji.  2],  reared  from  Betula  nigra;  sea- 
eons  and  habits  of  larva;  comparison  with  related  species. 

2281.  Riley,  C.  V.     Recent  advances  in  economic  entomology.    <Proc. 

Philos.  Soc.  Washington,  1884,  v.  7,  pp.  10-12.  Separate : 
<Washingtou,  1884,  i^p.  10-12.  Reprint:  <Kansas  City  Re- 
view of  Science,  May,  1884,  pp.  13-15.  S.-b.  Xo.  63,  pp.  43-44. 
Characteristics  of  economic  entomology  as  a  science  and  difficulties  of  its 
prosecution;  the  chief  insecticide  substances  and  their  applicability ;  re- 
cent progress  in  mechanical  appliances. 

2282.  Riley,  C.  V.     Department  of  insects.     <Ann.  Rept.  of  Regents 

Smith.  Inst,  for  1882, 1884,  pp.  215-216. 
List  of  accessions  to  the  U.  S.  National  Museum,  with  comments;  note  on 
the  Glover  plates  and  manuscripts. 

2283.  Riley,  C.  Y.     Quelques  mots  sur  les  insecticides  aux  £tats-Unis 

et  proposition  d'un  nouveau  remede  contre  le  Phylloxera.  Com- 
munication faite  a  la  Societe  d'Agriculture  de  I'Herault  a  la 
seance  du  30  Juin,  1884.  <Montpelier,  1884,  t  p.  cover+8  pp. 
Reprint:  <Messager  Agricole,  10  July,  1884,  ser.  3,  v.  5,  pp. 
255-265.  <La  Vigne  Amer.,  July,  1884,  v.  8,  No.  7,  p.  207. 
Resistant  vines  better  than  the  best  insecticides  as  a  meaus  against  Phylloxera 
vastatrix;  principal  insecticides  in  use,  especially  arsenical  substances,  pe- 
troleum and  pyrethrum ;  method  of  action  and  mode  of  application  of 
these  insecticides,  especially  application  by  the  cyclone  nozzle,  and  the 
subterranean  application  of  kerosene  emulsion  as  a  means  against  Phyl- 
loxera vastatrix;  tobacco  vapor,  under  favorable  conditions,  would  probably 
kill  this  insect. 


326  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY 

2284.  [Riley,  C.  T.]    Remedies  for  various  insects.    <Prairie  Farmer, 

26  July,  1884,  v.  56,  p.  470.     S.-b.  No.  59,  p.  36. 

Comparative  efficacy  and  otlier  qualities  of  several  insecticides,  especially 
arsenical  substances,  tobacco  vapor,  petroleum  emulsions,  and  pyrethrum. 

2285.  Riley,  C.  V.    Habits  of  Grapholitha  olivaceana.    <Ent.  Mo.  Mag., 

August,  1884,  V.  21,  p.  67. 
Grapholitha  olivaceaiia  bred  from  curled  tips  of  Solidago. 

2286.  Riley,  C.  V.    Bhyssa  not  lignivorous.     < Science,  28  November, 

1884,  V.  4,  p.  480. 
Parasitic  habits  of  Bhyssa  [==  Thalessa'i  upon  Tremex  columba. 

2287.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  apple-root  borer.    <Rural  New-Yorker,  13  De- 

cember, 1884,  V.  43,  p.  831.     S.-b.  No.  63,  p.  50. 

Means  against  the  larva  of  Prionus  laticoUis. 

2288.  Riley,  C.  V.    A  new  insect  injurious  to  wheat.     <Bull.  Brook- 

lyn Ent.  Soc,  December,  1884,  v.  7,  pp.  111-112.     Separate: 
<[Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  December,  1884],  p.  111. 
Description  of  larva,  pupa,  and  female  imago  of  Isosoma  grande  n.  sp.  [p.  Ill] 
reared  from  wheat  stems  in  Indiana. 

2289.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  insects  of  the  year.    <Science,  26  December, 

1884,  V.  4,  pp.  565-568. 
Entomological  calendar  for  each  month  of  the  year. 

2290.  Riley,  C.  Y.     On  the  care  of  entomological  specimens.     <Sci- 

ence,  9  January,  1885,  v.  5,  p.  25. 
Reply  to  editorial  comments  on  the  care  of  entomological  specimens  in  the 
National  Museum. 

2291.  Riley,  C.  V.    Report  of  the  entomologist.     <Anu.  Rept.  fU.  S.] 

Commissioner  Agric.  for  1884,  1885,  pp.  285-418,  10  pi.  Sepa- 
rate: <Washington:  31  January,  1885,  pp.  9-fpp.  285-418+ 
pp.  9,  10  pi. 

Introduction 285 

Scope  of  the  report,  285 — Climate  and  insect  phenomena  during 
the  year,  285— Silk-culture,  286— Field  force  of  the  Bureau, 
286 — Suggested  additions  to  field  force,  287 — Office  force  and 
its  work,  287 — Trip  to  Europe,  287 — International  Forestry  Ex- 
hibition at  Edinburgh,  287— Phylloxera  in  France,  288 — Ex- 
hibitof  the  Bureau  at  the  New  Orleans  Exposition,  288— Third 
report  of  the  United  States  Entomological  Commission,  288 — 
Special  reports,  288 — Suggestions,  288 — Illustrations,  288. 

Cabbage  insects 289 

Cabbage  cut- worms 289 

General  characters,  habits,  and  natural  history,  289 — Natural  en- 
emies, 290 — Damage  to  cabbage,  290. 

The  dark-sided  cut-worm,  Agrotis  messoria 290 

Synonymy,  290— Spread,  290— Climbing  habits,  290 — Natural  his- 
tory, 290 — Larva  and  moth  popularly  described,  290. 

The  granulated  cut- worm,  Agrotis  annexa 291 

Spread,  291 — Number  of  annual  generations,  2!>1 — Hibernation, 
291 — Eggs  and  early  states  described,  292. 

The  shagreened  cut-worm,  Agrotis  malefida 292 

Distribution,  292 — Points  of  difference  from  Agrotis  annexa,  29'3 — 
Early  states  described,  293. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  327 

2291.  KiLEY,  n.  v.— Continued. 
Cabbagk  insects— Con  tin  ued. 

The  W-iuarUcd  cut-worm,  AgroHs  dandcsUna 29:1 

Food-plants,  29;?— Habits,  294— Larva  and  moth  popularly  de- 
scribed, 294. 

The  greasy  cut- worm,  Jgrotis  ypsUon 294 

Synonymy,  294— Distribution,  294— Habits,  294— Food  -  plants, 
294— Hibernation,  295— Larva  and  moth  popularly  described, 
295 — Description  of  egg,  295. 

The  speckled  cut-worm,  Mameslra  subjuncta 296 

Distribution,  29(5- Habits,  296— Appearance,  296, 

The  glassy  cut- worm,  Hadena  devastatrix 296 

Past  history,  297— Natural  history,  297— Characters,  297. 

The  variegated  cut- worm,  Agrotis  saucia 297 

Distribution,  297 — Food-plants,  297 — Egg  and  early  states  de- 
scribed, 298 — Rapidity  of  development,  298. 

Remedies  for  cabbage  cut- worms 298 

Unsatisfactory  remedies,  298 — Wrapping  the  stem,  298 — Trapping 
the  worms,  299— Ditching,  299— Fall  plowing,  299— The  great 
value  of  iJoisoned  bait,  299. 

Other  cabbage  insects .300 

The  imbricated  snout  beetle,  Epicwrus  imbricatus 300 

Distribution,  300— Food-plants,  300— Habits,  301— Remedies, 
301 — An  allied  imported  insect,  said  to  injure  cabbage,  301, 

The  wavy-striped  flea-beetle,  Phyllotreta  viitata 301 

Food-plants,  301— Habits,  301- Injury,  302— Early  states,  302— 
Remedies,  302. 

Zimmermann's  flea-beetle,  Phgllotreta  zimmermanni 304 

Food-plants,  304 — Habits  of  larva,  307 — Characters  as  compared 
with  the  wavy-striped  flea-beetle,  305 — Early  states  described, 
306 — Other  species  of  the  group,  307 — Their  habits,  307 — Nat- 
ural enemies,  307 — Pleitrotropis  phfiUoireta  n.  sp.  described,  308. 

The  Colorado  cabbage  flea-beetle,  Phyllotreta  albionica 308 

How  it  differs  from  the  preceding  species,  308 — Mention  of  a 
Pacific  coast  species,  308. 

The  Colorado  potato-beetle,  Doryphora  10-lineata 308 

Mentioned  as  sometimes  eating  cabbage,  308. 

The  harlequin  cabbage-bug,  Murgantia  hislrionica 309 

Distribution,  309— Its  spread  to  the  North  and  East,  309— Food- 
plants,  310— Natural  history,  310 — Amount  of  damage,  311 — 
Natural  enemy,  311— Remedies,  311— Applications,  311— Clean 
cultivation,  311— Destroying  the  early  broods,  311 — Kerosene, 
312. 

The  tarnished  plant-bug,  Lygns  pratcnsis 312 

Distribution,  312— Food-plants,  312— Synonymy,  312— Supposed 
carnivorous  habit,  312— EtTects  of  its  puncture,  313— Variation 
in  color,  313— Habits,  313 — As  an  enemy  to  strawberries,  314— 
Remedies,  314— Preventive  measures,  315 — Applications,  315. 

The  false  chinch-bug,  Xysiiis  angnstatits 315 

Synonymy,  31.5— Food-plants,  316— Habits,  316— Remedies,  316. 

The  cabbage  plant-louse,  Aphin  hras.sicn- 317 

An  imported  insect,  317— Damage,  317-  Habits,  317— Life-his- 
tory, 318 — Natural  enemies,  318 — Remedies,  318. 

The  cabbage  Anthorayia,  J nf/ioHi2/!rt  hransicw  . 319 

Introduced  from  Europe,  319— Life-history,  320— Natural  ene- 
mies, 320— Remedies.  321. 


328  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2291.  EiLEY,  C.  v.— Continued. 
Cabbage  ixsects— Continued. 

The  cabbage  Oscinis,  Oscinis  hrassicos  ■ 322 

First  found  at  St.  Louis,  322 — Habits,  322 — Descriptive,  Oscinis 
brassicce  n,  sp.,  322. 

The  Eocky  Mountain  locust,  Caloptenus  spretus 323 

Successful  introduction  of  a  parasite  (Apanteles  glomeratus)  of  the 

imported  cabbage-worm 323 

GeNKRAX  TRUTHS  IN  APPLIED  ENTOMOLOGY 323 

Introductory,  323 — Benefits  derived  from  insects,  324— Influence 
of  civilization  upon  insect  increase,  324— Losses  from  insects, 
324 — Knowledge  which  the  economic  entomologist  should  pos- 
sess, 325- Habits  of  the  grape  phylloxera,  325 — Number  of 
species  of  insects,  326 — The  different  insecticides,  326— Arsen- 
ical compounds,  327 — Petroleum,  327 — Kerosene  emulsions, 
328— Pyre  thrum,  328— Its  cultivation  in  California,  328 — Its 
influence  on  mammals,  .329 — Insecticides  to  be  used  against 
root-feeding  insects,  329 — Mechanical  contrivances,  329 — The 
eddy-chamber  or  cyclone  nozzle,  330.  , 
Kerosene  emulsions 330 

Their  importance  as  insecticides,  330 — Use  in  orange  groves, 
330— Warning  against  imperfect  emulsions,  331 — Formula  for 
kerosene  and  soap  emulsions,  331 — Importance  of  a  stable 
emulsion,  331 — Use  of  a  force-pump  in  making  emulsions,  331 — 
Trees  injured  by  unemulsified  oil,  332 — The  use  of  ley  washes 
in  California,  333. 

Miscellaneous  insects 334 

The  American  Cimbex,  Cimbex  americana 334 

Injury  to  willows,  334— A  new  habit,  334 — Eggs  and  mode  of 
oviposition,  335 — Habits  of  young  larva,  335 — Remedies,  336 — 
Other  willow  enemies,  336. 
The  streaked  Cottonwood  leaf-beetle,  Lina  scripta 336 

Value  of  the  cottonwood  in  the  West,  336 — Damage  by  the  beetle 
in   1884,    336— Other   food-plants,  and   former   injuries,  337 — 
Natural  history,  338 — Remedies,  338 — Apparatus  for  poisoning, 
339 — Varieties  of  the  beetle,  340. 
The  Southern  butf'alo-gnat,  Simii  Hum.    pecttarum 340 

Losses  in  former  years,  340 — Damage  done  by  European  species, 
341— Early  states  of  European  species,  342 — Early  states  of 
American  species,  342 — Recent  ravages  in  the  Southwest,  343 — 
Remedies,  344 — Smudges,  344— Body  applications,  344 — Sug- 
gestions, 345. 
The  angoumois  grain-moth,  Gelechia  cerealella 345 

Abundance,  345 — Origin,  345 — Past  history,  346 — Natural  history 
and  method  of  work,  346 — Number  of  annual  generations,  347 — 
Results  of  its  work,  347 — Parasites,  348 — Remedies,  348 — 
Baking  and  concussions,  348 — Quarantine,  348 — Bisulphide  of 
carbon,  349 — Preventive  measures,  349 — Description  of  eggs, 
350. 
The  cottony  maple  scale,  Pulvinaria  innumerabilis 350 

Distribution,  350 — ^History  and  synonymy,  3.50 — Life  history,  351 — 
Food-plants,   352 — Mode  of  spreading,  353 — Natural  enemies, 
354 — Remedies,  355. 
The  cranberry  fruit-worm,  Acrobasis  vaccinii 355 

Natural  history,  355 — Remedies,  356 — Descriptive,  Acrobasis  vac- 
cinii n.  sp.,  356 — Systematic  position,  357. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  329 

2291.  RiLEY,  C.  v.— Continued. 

MisCELLANEoi'.s  INSKCTS — Continued. 

The  larger  wheat-straw  Isosoma,  Isoaoma  grande 3r>7 

The  phytophagic  habits  of  the  geniiH,  :jr>7— Mr.  Webster's  obser- 
vations, ;?57 — Descriptive,  Isosoma  grande  n.sp.,  358 — Ovipositiou, 
358 — Only  females  known,  358. 

Silk  culturk 359 

Sendiu<>c  out  eggs,  359— Reports,  35"J— The  manual  of  instructions, 
359— Appoiatuient  of  Philip  Walker  as  special  agent,  359 — 
Diseases,  359 — Pasteur's  process,  3."jy— A  Government  reeling 
establishment,  360— Correspondence,  360— The  Serrell  reel, 
360 — Houie  reeling,  361 — Herbelin's  filature,  361. 

Reports  of  agents 361 

Rust  of  the  orange.    By  H.  G.  Hubbard 361 

Discoloration  of  the  fruit,  361 — Time  of  appearance.  361— It  is 
not  a  fungus,  362— The  mite  on  the  leaves,  362- First  appear- 
ance of  mites  on  the  fruit,  363— Attacks  of  mites  always  fol- 
lowed by  rust,  363 — Interval  between  disappearance  of  mites 
and  appearance  of  rust,  363 — Description  of  the  mite,  363— Life 
history,  364 — Food,  364 — Wandering  habits,  365— Numerical 
abundance,  365— Rings  of  rust  on  fruit,  366— lulluence  of 
■weather,  366— Agencies -which  assist  in  the  distribution  of  the 
mites,366— Food-plants,  367—Eflect8  of  attacks  on  foliage,  .367 — 
Rusted  fruit,  367 — Introduction  and  spread  of  the  mite,  367 — 
Periodsof  increase,  368 — Geographical  distribution,  368 — Reme- 
dies, 368 — Intiuence  of  soil  and  methods  of  cultivation,  368 — 
Preventive  measures,  368 — Application  of  insecticides,  369 — 
Whale-oil  soap,  369 — Sulphur,  370— Kerosene,  372— Creosote, 
372— Potash,  372— Pyrethrum,  373— Lime,  373— Ashes,  373— 
Caution,  373. 
Second  report  on  tfie  causes  of  the  destruction  of  the  evergreen  and 
other  forest  trees  in  northern  New  England  and  New  York.     By  A. 

S.  Packard,  jr 374 

Localities  visited,  374 — Destruction  of  spruces  in  northern  New 
York,  374 — Probably  caused  by  bark-boring  beetles,  375— De- 
struction of  spruces  in  northern  Maine,  376 — Discussion  of 
causes,  376 — Condition  of  the  hackmatack  in  1884,  377 — The 
reddish-yellow  spruce-bud  worm,  378 — Its  injuries,  378 — Ita 
classification,  378 — Ita  habits,  378 — !Remedies,  379— The  com- 
mon longicorn  pine-borer,  379 — Abundance,  379 — Mode  of  ovi- 
position,  380— Description  of  egg,  380— Habits  and  damage 
done,  381— The  sugar- maple  borer,  382— Its  burrows,  382— Its 
eggs  and  larvie,  382 — Kerosene  as  a  remedy,  383. 

Insects  affecting  fall  wheat.   By  F.  M.  Webster 383 

The  wheat-straw  Isosoma,  383— Ovipositiou,  384— Description  of 
its  egg,  385— Number  of  generations,  385— Ell'oct  of  its  work  on 
wheat-straw,  386— Table  o  jiosition  of  larvie  in  straw,  386— 
Natural  enemies,  387— Wheat  and  grass  saw-fly,  38<;— Appear- 
ance, 388— Parasites,  388— Whi-at  midge,  389— Natural  enemies, 
389— Dates,  389— American  Meromyza,  ^89— Dates,  390— The 
flea-like  negro-bug,  390— Dates,  390— Description  of  egg.  390— 
The  tarnished  plant-bug,  .391— The  soldier-bug,  391— The  field- 
cricket,  391— Cuttiugotf  wheat,  391— Insects  affecting  rye,  392— 
Insects  afifectiug  oats,  392— The  stalk-borer,  392— Dates,  393. 


330  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2291.  Riley,  C.  V.— Contiuued. 

Reports  of  agents — Continued. 
Report  upon  insects  affecting  the  hop  and  the  cranberry.     By  J.  B. 
Smith 393 

The  hop  Aphis,  393 — Its  first  appearance,  393 — The  cranberry 
fruit-worm,  394 — The  fire-worm,  395 — Cranberry  leaf-folder, 
395 — Its  dimorphism,  396 — A  cecidomyid  larva  infesting  pears 
atMeriden,  Conn.,  396 — Description  of  larva  and  infested  fruit, 
396 — Pupation,  397 — Distribution,  397 — Varieties  of  pear  in- 
fested, 397 — Probably  an  imported  pest,  398 — Remedy,  39B. 

Notes  from  Nebraska.     By  Lawrence  Bruner 398 

The  Rocky  Mountain  locust  in  1884,  398— Other  species  of  locusts, 
399— The  snowy  tree- cricket,  399— The  chinch-bug,  399— Cut- 
worms, 400 — The  imported  cabbage- worm,  400 — Its  natural  ene- 
mies, 400 — Otjier  cabbage-worms,  401 — False  caterpillars  on 
grass  and  sedge,  401 — Cimbex  americanaon  willow  hedges,  401 — 
•njury  to  cotton  woods  by  the  striped  beetle,  402 — The  Colorado 
pbtato-beetle,  403. 
Notes  of  the  year  403 

Chinch-bug  notes 403 

The  so-called  "invasion"  of  St.  Lawrence  County,  New  York, 
in  1883,  403 — Mr.  Lintner's  prediction  and  his  reasons  therefor, 
403 — Reasons  for  dissenting  from  this  view,  404 — The  result  in 
1884,  405. 

Notes  on  the  grape  Phylloxera 405 

Regarding  the  grape  Phylloxera  in  Russia,  405 — In  reference  to 
the  treaty  ot  Berne  and  the  prohibition  of  the  introduction  of 
bulbs  and  cuttings  from  the  United  States  into  Germany,  407 — 
The  grape  Phylloxera  in  graperies ;  legal  questions  arising,  408. 

Miscellaneous  notes - ^ 410 

The  box  Psylla  found  in  the  United  States,  410 — The  dwarfing  of 
oaks  by  Mallodon  melavopus,  410 — The  clover-seed  midge,  411 — 
The  potato-stalk  weevil,  411 — The  red-humped  prominent,  411 — 
The  varying  anomala,  412 — White-lined  morning-sphinx,  41*2 — 
The  apple-tree  tent  caterpillar,  412 — Corn  bill-bugs,  413 — A 
swarming  mite,  413 — A  new  enemy  to  white  roses,  413 — A  bee- 
tle eating  peach-leaves,  413 — Efl'ect  of  cold  on  the  eggs  of  bark- 
lice,  413 — Ravages  of  grain-weevils  in  Florida,  414 — Fuller's 
rose-beetle,  414 — The  blood-sucking  Conorhinus,  414 — The  ca- 
talpa  sphinx,  415 — Notes  on  cotton  worms,  415 — Pyrethrum, 
416. 

Notes  from  Missouri.     By  M.  E.  Murtfeldt 416 

The  striped  flea-beetle,  416 — The  Colorado  potato-beetle,  416 — 
The  imported  ciabbage-butterfly,  416 — The  cottony  maple  scale, 
417 — The  stalk-borer,  417 — GraphoJilha  prunivora,  418 — The 
grape  saw-fly,  418 — A  saw-fly  on  plum,  418 — A  saw-fly  on  ash, 
418. 

2292.  Riley,  C.  V.    General  truths  in  applied  entomology.    Essay. 

<Trans.  Ga.  State  Agric.  Soc,  1884,  v.  — ,  pp.  153-159.  Sepa- 
rate: <Macon,  Ga.,  1884,  t.  p.  cover,  pp.  153-159.  Re- 
print :  <Rept.  [U.  S.j  Commissioner  Agric.  for  1884,  pp.  323- 
330.  <Gardener's  Chronicle,  1S85,  v.  23 ;  20  June,  pp.  785-786 ; 
27  June,  p.  818.     S.-b.  No.  61,  p.  6 ;   10-11.     See :  <Ga.  Crop 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  331 

2292.  Riley,  C.  V._Continued. 

Kept.,  June,  1884,  p.  33.     <Sci.  Anier.  Siippl.,  7  February, 
1885,  V.  11),  p.  7588.     S.-b.  IS^o.  01,  p.  12. 
See  No.  2-291  for  eyuopsis  of  couteiite. 

2293.  R[iLEY],  0.  V.   Codlin  moth.  <Suppl.  Encyclopanlia  Britannica, 

9tb  ed.,  1884,  v.  2,  p.  281,  fij;. 
Natural  history,  remedies,  and  ligures  of  Carpocapsa  pomonella. 

2294.  E(iLEY],  C.  Y.    Colorado  potato-beetle.    <Suppl.  Encyclop.'edia 

Britauuica,  9th  ed.,  1884,  v.  2.  p.  311,  fig. 
Summary  of  the  eastward  spread  of  Donjphora  lO-Uncata ;  natural  history, 
enemies,  remedies,  and  figures  of  the  same. 

2295.  R[iLEY],  C.  V.    Cotton-worm.    <Suppl.  Encyclopaedia  Britan- 

nica, 9lh  ed.,  1884,  v.  2,  pp.  432-433,  ftgs. 
History,  ravages,  life-history,  remedies,  and  figures  of  Jletia  xylina. 

2296.  E[iLEY],  C.  V.    Curculio,  plum.    <Suppl.  Encyclopjedia  Britan- 

nica, 9th  ed.,  1884,  v.  2,  p.  494. 
Natural  history  and  means  against  Conotrachehis  nenuphar. 

2297.  Riley,  C.  V.    Insect  named.    <Daily  Gate  City  [Keokuk,  Iowa], 

18  February,  1885.     S.-b.  No.  63,  p.  31. 

Brief  notes  of  Olfersia  americana. 

2298.  Riley,  C.  Y.    A  new  remedy  for  the  imported  cabbajre  worm. 

<Rural  New-Yorker,  28  February,  1885,  v.  44,  p.  132.  S.-b. 
No.  63,  p.  50.  See:  <Colman's  Rural  World,  5  March,  1885, 
V.  38,  p.  76.  S.-b.  No.  63,  p.  8.  <  Prairie  Farmer,  7  March, 
1885,  V.  57,  p.  153.  S.-b.  No.  61,  p.  26.  <Amer.  Farmer,  1 
April,  1885,  v.  4,  p.  105.  S.-b.  No.  67,  p.  60.  <Sci.  An)er.,  23 
May,  1885,  v.  52,  ]).  322.  S.-b.  No.  61,  p.  10.  <Indiana  Farmer, 
30  May,  1885.  S.-b.  No.  61,  p.  22. 
Ice-cold  water  applied  during  the  heat  of  the  day  causes  the  death  of  the 
larva  of  Pieris  rapce. 

2299.  Rlley,  C.  Y.    The  collection  of  insects  in  the  National  Museum. 

<Science,  6  March,  1885,  v.  5,  pp.  188-189.    S.-b.  No.  61,  pp.  7-8. 
Answer  to  criticisms  of  C.  H.  Femald ;  the  insects  in  the  National  Museum 
cared  for  by  the  entomologist  of  the  Department  of  Agriculture. 

2300.  Riley,  C.Y.    Ants  and  aphides.     <Rural  New-Yorker,  14  March, 

1885,  V.  44,  p.  171.     S.-b.  No.  61,  p.  19. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  .7.  McFarland;  habits  of  ants  in  relation  to  plant-lice; 
subterranean  plant-lice  attended  by  ants;  ants  in  northern  States  benefi- 
cial rather  than  injurious;  ground  can   be  cleared  of  them  by  injection  of 
bi.sulphide  of  carbon  or  a  strong  kerosene  emulsion. 

2301.  Riley,  C.  Y.     Parasites  of  the  larva  of  Lachnosterna  fusca. 

<Psyche,  1884  [16  March,  1885],  v.  4,  p.  224. 
Criticism  of  statements  of  O.  Lugger;  larval  habits  of  Tiphia  inornata  and 
Bhipiphorua  sp. 

2302.  Riley,  C.  Y.     Jumpiiij;  spiders.     <Rural  New-Yorker,  11  April, 

1885,  V.  44,  p.  250.     S.-b.  No.  63,  p.  33. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  H.  B.  S. ;  habits  of  Attus  sp. 


332  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2303.  EiLEY,  0.  V.     Circular  Xo.  9  [TJ.  S.  Department  of  Agriculture, 

Division  of  Eutomology].  <[Wasliington  :]  1  May,  1885, 1  p., 
fo.,  1  fig.  Eeprint :  <Pacific  Rural  Press,  16  May,  1885.  S.-b. 
ISTo.  63,  p.  27.  <Weekly  Times-Democrat  fXew  Orleans],  23 
May,  1885.  S.-b.  No.  61,  p.  23.  <Rural  Californian,  June.  1885, 
V.  80,  p.  122.  <S.-b.  No.  61,  pp.  20-21.  <Sci.  Amer.  Suppl.,  6 
June,  1885,  v.  19,  p.  7859.  S.-b.  No.  63,  pp.  25-26.  <Pacific 
Eural  Press,  16  May,  1885,  v.  29,  p.  469.  S.-b.  No.  63,  p.  27. 
See :  <Farmer's  Review,  21  May,  1885,  v.  14,  p.  362.  S.-b.  No. 
63,  p.  29.  N.  Y.  Weekly  Sun,  27  May,  1885.  S.-b.  No.  63,  p.  29. 
N.  Engl.  Farmer,  16  May,  1885.  S.-b.  No.  63,  p.  29. 
Conditions  under  which  the  Government  will  buy  silk-worm  eggs  ;  how  to 
select  moths  to  produce  eggs. 

2304.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  imported  elm-leaf  beetle.    Its  habits  and  nat- 

ural history  and  means  of  counteracting  its  injuries.  <Bull. 
No.  6,  Div.  Ent.  TJ.  S.  Dept.  Agric.  [14  May],  1885,  20  pp.,  1  pi., 
Ifig. 

Treats  of  Galeruca  xanihomela'na  ;  its  habits  and  natural  history ;  descrip- 
tion, figures,  remedies,  and  methods  of  applicatiou  of  insecticides. 

2305.  Riley,  C.  V.     Destroying  Cicadas:  Scurfy   apple    bark-louse. 

<Rural  New-Yorker,  23  May,  1885,  v.  44,  p.  353.  S.-b.  No.  61, 
p.  24. 

Answer  to  inquiries  of  J.  A.  K.;  means  against  Cicada  [=  TiMcen]  septendecim 
and  Chionaspis  furfur  us. 

2306.  Riley,   C.  V.     [Poisonous    spider.]     <Rural    New-Yorker,    23 

May,  1885,  v.  44,  p.  354.     S.-b.  No.  61,  p.  23. 
Reply  to  statements  of  Dr.  W.  H.  G.;  no  spider  known  whose  foot-tracks 
kill  leaves  or  trees. 

2307.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Expected  advent  of  the  locust.     <Sci.  Amer., 

23  May,  1885,  v.  52,  p.  320.  S.-b.  No.  61,  p.  9.  <Farmer's 
Home  Journ.,  13  June,  1885.  S.-b.  No.  63,  p.  18.  <Orange 
Co.  [N.  Y.]  Farmer,  28  May,  ]885.  S.-b.  No.  63,  p.  23.  <See: 
<Sci.  Amer.,  20  June,  1885,  v.  52,  p.  389.  S.-b.  No.  63,  p.  28. 
Simultaneous  appearance  of  a  17-year  {Cicada  [^^=  Tihiceii']  septendecim)  and  a 
13-year  ( C.  [=;  T.  ]  tredecivi)  brood ;  localities  of  the  two  broods ;  life-history 
and  habits. 

2308.  Riley,  C.  V.    Rust  of  orange.    <Rural  New-Yorker,  16  May, 

1885,  V.  44,  p.  355,  figs.  196,  197.     S.-b.  No.  61,  pp.  18-19,  figs. 
196-197.     Reprint:  <Colman's  Rural  World,  18  June,  1885, 
V.  38,  p.  195,  2  figs.     S.-b.  No.  61,  pp.  31-32,  2  figs. 
Description,  habits,  and  means  against  Fhytopius  oleivorus  ;  figures  the  same 
and  its  eggs  ;  figure  of  a  rusty  orange. 

2309.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     Red-ants.     <Sci.  Amer.,  21    May,  1885,  v.  52, 

p.  183.     S.-b.  No.  66,  p.  35. 

Recommends   pyrethrum,  kerosene,   hot  water,  and  naphthaline  as  means 
against  red-ants  in  houses. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  333 

2310.  [Riley,  C.  v.]     Ridding  the  ground  of  cut-worms.     <Rural  New- 

Yorker,  30  JMay,  1885,  v.  44,  p.  3G8.     iS.-b.  No.  G3,  p.  22. 

Answer  to  iuquiry  of  V.  R.  R.  ;  means  against  the  larvie  of  Jgrotidcc. 

2311.  [Riley,  C.  V.j     An  entomological  breakfast.     <N.  Y.  Times,  2 

June,  1885.     S.-b.  No.  03,  p.  1.     See:  <Belvidere  [111.]  Stand- 
ard, 23  June,  1885.     S.-b.  No.  03,  p.  7. 
Cicadas  and  Acrididw  as  food. 

2312.  Riley,  0.  V.    The  periodical  or  seventeen-year  Cicada.    <EIar- 

per's  Weekly,  0  June,  1885,  v.  29,  p.  303,  4  tigs.  S.-b.  No.  01, 
pp.  24-20,  4  figs. 
Records  and  map  showing  distribution  of  brood  XXII  (septendccim)  and  of 
brood  VII  (tredecim);  habits,  enemies,  and  tigures,  with  details  of  (structure 
of  Cicada  [=  Tibicoi^  septendedm;  figure  of  twig  punctured  by  the  same 
and  of  twig  healed  after  the  puncture. 

2313.  [Riley,  C.  V.j    The  winged  pests  of  the  West.    <St.  Louis 

Globe-Democrat,  9  June,  1885.     S.-b.  No.  01,  p.  11. 

Prediction  that  the  northern  States  of  the  Mississippi  Valley  will  escape  se- 
rious damage  from  locusts  this  year  ;  reasons  for  this  opinion;  ravages  of 
Camnula  pellucida  in  California. 

2314.  Eiley,  C.V.    The  periodical  or  seventeen  year  Cicada.    <Amer. 

Grange  Bulletin,  11  June,  1885.     S.-b.  No.  03,  pp.  10-17. 
Chronological  record,  natural  history,  and  po])ular  names  of  Cicada  [=  Tibi- 
eenl  septendedm. 

2315.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  periodical  Cicada.     An  account  of  Cicada 

septendedm  and  its  tredecim  race,  with  a  chronology  of  all  broods 
known.  <Bull.  No.  8,  D=v.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dept.  Agric,  [17  June], 
1885,  40  pp.,  8  tigs.  Second  edition,  13  July,  1885. 
2310.  Riley,  C.  V.  Notes  on  joint  worms.  <Rural  New-Yorker,  20 
June,  1885,  v.  44,  p.  418,  tigs.  215-218. 
Habits,  means  against,  aud  ligure  of  Isoaoma  hordei ;  criticism  of  A.  J,  Cook's 
views  on  Isosoma;  figures  /.  tritici  and  /.  (jrande. 

2317.  Riley,  C.  Y.     Beetles   in   the  corn-fields.    <Daily  Gate  City 

[Keokuk,  Iowa],  23  June,  1885.     S.-V).  No.  01,  p.  17. 

Answer  to  letters  of  J.  M.  Evans  and  J.  M.  Schalier;  A;io)wdtrun  pallipca  in- 
jurious to  seed  corn;  recommends  soaking  the  seed  corn  in  Paris  green  or 
London  purple. 

2318.  Riley,  C.  V.    Notes  on  the  periodical  Cicada.    <Science,  20  June, 

1885,  V.  5,  pp.  518-521.  Reprint :  <Sci.  Amer.  Suppl.,  27  June, 
1885,  V.19,  pp.  7905-7900.  S.-br.  No.  01,  pp.  47,  48 ;  No.  03,  p.  74. 
Record  showing  distribution  of  brood  XXII  (iteptendecim)  and  of  brood  VII 
(tredecim)  in  1«85  ;  the  specilic  value  of  the  dillerent  forms;  long  period  of 
underground  development;  its  life-history  ;  food  of  the  larva,  methods  of 
burrowing,  and  transformations;  the  Cicada  versus  civilization. 

2319.  RiLEY,  C.  V.     The  Chester  onion  pest.     <Orange  County  [N.  Y.j 

Farmer,  2  Jidy,  1885.     S.-b.  No.  01,  pp.  1-2.     See:  <Rural  New 
Yorker,  5  December,  1885,  v.  44,  p.  829.     S.-b.  No.  01,  p.  151. 

Extract  from  Rept.  U.S.  Ent.  forld84;  remedies  againstcabbage  cut-worms; 
the  poisoned  ball  system  and  kerosene  emulsion  effective  against  the  onion 
cut-worm;  formula  for  a  soap-kerosene  emulsion. 


334  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2320.  EiLBY,  C.  V.    Premature  appearance  of  the  periodical  Cicada. 

<Science,  3  July,  1885,  v.  6,  pp.  3-4. 
Criticism  of  L.  F.  "Ward's  record  of  tlie  occurreuce  and  son?  of  Cicada 
\_=zz Tibicen'\  septendecim.     See  No.  23 J6. 

2321.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    Periodical  Cicada  in  Massachusetts.     <Science,  3 

July,  1885,  V.  6,  p.  4. 
The  occurrence  of  Cicada  [=Ti6icew]  septendecim  in  southeastern  Massachu- 
setts needs  confirmation. 

2322.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    Destructive  insects  of  the  year.     <Rural  New- 

Yorker,  11  July,  1885,  v.  44,  p.  464.     S.-b.  No.  61,  p.  8. 
Injuries  and  means  against  Agrotis  malefida,  Anthonomus  musculus  and  Eury- 
creon  rantaUs  ;  localities  and  food-plants  of  the  last. 

2323.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     [Grasshopper  ravages  in  California.]     <Rural 

New-Yorker,  11  July,  1885,  v.  44,  p.  470.     S.-b.  No.  61,  p.  2. 
Ravages  committed  by  MelanopJus  [=  Calojitenns']  devastator  and  Caloptenua 
differ entialis;  recommends  the  use  of  coal  oil  pans  against  them. 

2324.  Riley,  C.  V.    Pests  of  the  strawberry.     <Rural  New-Yorker,  18 

July,  1885,  V.  44,  p.  484.     S.-b.  No.  61,  p.  17. 

Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  H.  J.  ;  means  against  Agrotis  tricosa,  Phoxopteris 
fragariw,  Eccopsis  permundana  and  Emphytus  \^=^ Harpliiphoru8'\  maculatua. 

2325.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  imported  elm-leaf  beetle.     <Harper's  Weekly, 

18  July,  1885,  v.  29,  p.  463, 1  fig.     S.-b.  No.  61,  pp.  21-22,  fig. 
Natural-history  descriptions  and  figures  of  all  stages  of  Galeruca  xanthomelcBna ; 
means  against  the  same. 

2326.  Riley,  C.  V.     Premature  appearance  of  the  periodical  Cicada. 

<Sci.  Amer.  Suppl.,  15  August,  1885,  v.  20,  p.  8021. 
Criticism  of  L.   F.  Ward's  record  of  the  occurrence  and  song  of   Cicada 
[=  TibiGen'\  septendecim;  an  introductory  note  states  that  this  article  was  ■ 
prepared  for  Science,  but  that  it  appeared  in  that  journal  in  a  mutilated 
and  weakened  form.     See  No.  2320. 

2327.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  cyclone  nozzle.     <Rural  New-Yorker,  22  Au- 

gust, 1885,  V.  44,  p.  507.     S.-b.  No.  61,  p.  34. 
Facts  relative  to  the  invention  of  the  cyclone  nozzle. 

2328.  Riley,  C.  V.     A  new  remedy  against  destructive  locusts.     <Ru- 

ral  New-Yorker,  29  August,  1885,  v.  44,  p.  577.     S.-b.  No.  61, 
p.  33. 

Recommends  the  use  of  poisoned  bait ;  formula  of  the  same. 

2329.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  influence  of  climate  on  Cicada  septendecim. 

<Eutom,  Amer.,  August,  1885,  v.  1,  p.  91. 
Records  the  transfers  of  eggs  of  brood  XXII  (septendecim)  of  Tibicen  septendecim 
to  the  extreme  southern  States  where  no  .septendecim  brood  is  known  to  oc 
cur,  and  of  brood  VII  {tredecim)  to  northern  States  where  no  tredecimhrood 
is  known  to  occur. 

2330.  Riley,  C.  V.    Department  of  insects.     <Ann.  Rept.  of  Regents 

Smith.  Inst,  for  1883,  1885,  pp.  239-244. 
Brief  mention  of  work  accomplished  in  the  U.  S.  National  Museum ;  list  of 
i    accessions  to  the  collection. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  335 

2331.  Riley,  C.  V.  Insects  of  tlie  year.     < Prairie  Farmer,  3  Septem- 

ber, 1885,  V.  57,  p.  5G7.  S.-b.  No.  G.},  i).  37;  134.  See:  <Eu- 
tom.  Amer.,  December,  1885,  v.  1,  ])p.  170-177. 

Ravages  of  Agrotis  mexKoria,  Atithonoiniis  iniaiculuK,  Kurycreon  ranUtliii,  Cecido- 
myia  deiitritctor,auA  Acrididir  on  the  Pacitic  coast. 

2332.  Riley,  C.  V.     On  the  parasites  of  the  Hessiau  fly.     <Proc.  U. 

S.  Nat.  Mils.,  14-17  September,  1885,  v.  8,  i)p.  413-422,  pi.  23. 
Abstract:  <Proc.  Amer.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.  for  1885,  [August], 
188G,  V.  34,  pp.  332-334.  <Amer.  Nat.,  November,  1885,  v.  19, 
pp.  1104-1105. 
Description,  synonymy,  habits,  and  figures  of  Meriaus  destructor  (Say);  M. 
subaptenis  n.  sp.  [p.  416,  pi.  23,  f .  2  :  p.  33:J1 ;  Eupehuus  aUynii  French ;  Te- 
ira8(ichu><  prodnctus  n.  sp.  [p.  419,  pi.  23,  f.  5:  p.  333];  and  Plutyyanter 
herrkkii  Packard. 

2333.  Riley,  C.  V.     Euemiesof  the  black-walnut  and  willow.     <Rural 

New-Yorker,  19  September,  1885,  v.  44,  p.  632.  S.-b.  No.  Gl, 
p.  35. 

Habits,  description  of  e>fgs,  larva,  and  adult  of  Dafana  mutisfra;  description 
of  eggs,  larva,  and  adult  of  Cimbex  antericana  ;  means  against  both  species. 

2334.  RiLEY,  C.  V.     The  song-notes  of  the  periodical  Cicada.     <Sci- 

ence,  25  September,  1885,  v.  6,  pi>.  2G4-2G5.  Reprint,  with  ad- 
ditions :  <Proc.  Amer.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci. for  1885,  [August],  1886, 
V.  34,  pp.  330-332.  Translation  :  <Stett.  Ent.  Zeit.,  1886,  jahrg. 
47,  pp.  158-160.  See:  <Science,  11  September,  1885,  v.  6,  p. 
225.     <Kansas  City  Review,  October,  1885,  p.  171. 

Description  of  the  three  prevalent  notes  of  Cicada  [=:  Tibicen'\  septendecim. 

2335.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  probabilities  of  locust  or  "grasshopper*'  in- 

jury in  the  near  future,  and  a  new  method  of  counteracting 
their  injury.  <Colman's  Rural  World,  29  October,  1885,  v.  38, 
p.  348.  S.-b.  No.  63,  pp.  32-33.  Reprint :  <Proc.  Amer.  Assoc. 
Adv.  Sci.  for  1885,  [August],  1886,  v.  34,  pp.  519-520.  <Proc. 
6th  Meeting  Soc.  Prom,  of  Agric.  Sci.,  Manhattan,  Kans.,  1886, 
pp.  38-39.  See :  <Mich.  Christian  Ilerald,  3  September,  1885. 
S.-b.  No.  63,  p.  39.  <Amer.  Grange  Bull.,  5  November,  1885. 
S.-b.  No.  63,  p.  34.  <Prairie  Farmer,  10  October,  1885,  v.  57, 
p.  G69.  S.-b.  No.  61,  pj).  34-35. 
The  advance  of  stittleiiunit  and  cultivation  will  prevent  such  widespread  in- 
juries of  Caloptenus  apietus  as  occurred  between  1S74  and  1877;  use  of 
poisoned  baits. 

2336.  RiLEY,  C.  V.     The  present  status  and'  future  prosi>ects  of  silk- 

culture  in  the  United  States.  <Entom,  Amer.,  October,  1885, 
V.  1,  pp.  139-140.  Reprint:  <Proc.  Amer.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci. 
for  1885,  [August],  1886,  v.  34,  j).  516.  See:  <Science,  11  Sep- 
tember, 1885,  V.  6,  p.  236. 
Abstract;  headings  under  which  the  subject  is  discussed  ;  summary  of  con- 
clusions. 


336  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2337.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  grain  moth.    <Eural  New-Yorker,  7  Ifoveiii- 

ber,  1885,  v.  44,  p.  744.     S.-b.  No.  63,  p.  56. 

Habits,  descriptions,  ravages,  and  means  against  Asopia  farindlis. 

2338.  [EiLEY,  C.  v.]     Profits  of  silk-culture.     <Rural  New-Yorker,  26 

"  December,  1885,  v.  44,  p.  885.     S.-b.  No.  63,  pp.  50-51. 
Answer  to  inquiry  of  J.  M.  S. ;  actual  cost  of  producing  silJi  in  different  parts 
of  the  United  States. 

2339.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    Aletia  xylina  vs.  A.  argillacea.    <Entom.  Amer., 

December,  1885,  v.  1,  pp.  161-163. 

Reasons  for  considering  Aletia  xylina  the  correct  name  for  the  cotton-worm; 
advance  print  from  No.  2343. 

2340.  [Riley,  C.  V.)     [Euphanessa  mendica,  etc.]     <Entom.  Amer.,  De- 

cember, 1885,  V.  1,  pp.  170-171, 173, 176. 
Remarks  on  papers  read  at  the  A.  A.  A.  S. ;  Euphanessa  mendica  considered  a 
geonietrid  ;  some  characters  of  the  Lepidoptera;  lifo-habits  of  ^gieridcE. 

2341.  Riley,  C.  V.     On  the  hitherto  unknown  mode  of  ov  iposition  in 

the  CarabidcB.    Abstract;:  <Proc.  Amer.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.  for 
1884,  1885,  V.  33,  pp.  538-539. 
History  of  Chalwniiis  impunctiftons  traced  from  egg  to  imago ;  eggs  laid  singly 
on  leaves  of  trees  inclosed  in  mud  or  clay. 

2342.  Riley,  C.  V.     [Report  of  the  Edinburgh  International  Forestry 

Exhibition.]     <Rept.  U.  S.  Dept.  Agric.  for  1884, 1885,  pp.  167- 
179. 
Brief  mention  of  some  of  the  insect  collections  exhibited. 

2343.  Riley,  C.  V.    Fourth  report  of  the  United  States  Entomological, 

Commission,  being  a  revised  edition  of  Bulletin  No.  3,  and  the 
final  report  ou  the  cotton-worm,  together  with  a  chapter  on  the 
boll- worm,  with  maps  and  illustrations.  < Washington:  1885, 
[3  February,  1886],  pp.  38+399+147,  45  figs.,  64  pi.,  2  maps. 

Letter  of  submittal xvii 

Preface xix 

Introduction xxiii 

Chapter  I: 

Classification  and  nomenclature.     Destructiveuess 1 

Popular  and  scientific  names,  I — Most  desirable  popular  name,  1 — 
Different  technical  names,  1 — History  of  these  names,  1 — The 
name  Aletia  xijlina  the  correct  one,  1 — Synonomy  of  the  insect, 
2 — Classificatory  position,  2 — Importance  of  the  family  Noctui- 
dsB,  2 — Destructiveuess  of  the  worm,  2 — Causes  which  increase 
this  destructiveness,  2  —  Regions  where  losses  are  greatest,  2  ; 
and  least,  3 —  Tabular  statement  of  losses,  3 — Previous  state- 
ments, 3 — Statement  of  loss  in  1881,  4, 
Chapter  II: 

Characters,  habits,  and  natural  history 5 

Distinct  states'of  growth,  5 — The  worm  must  hatch  from  an  egg, 
5 — Description  of  egg,  5 — Where  the  egg  is  laid,  5 — Number  of 
eggs  to  a  leaf,  6 — Time  elapsing  before  hatching,  6 — Unhatched 
eggs  perish  when  frozen,  6 — Insects'  and  other  eggs  mistaken  for 
eggs  of  Aletia,  6 — Characters  of  worm,  6 — Description  of  newly- 
hatched  worm,  6 — Number  of  molts,  7 — Different  colors  of  worm. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY,  337 

2343.  Riley,  C.  V.— Continued. 
Chapter  II— Continued. 

7— Habits  of  worm  at  diflferent  stages,  7— Jumping  habit,  7— 
Only  known  to  feed  on  cotton  and  one  anotber.  8— Odor  of  the 
worm,  8— Migrations  of  worm,  8— Method  of  pupation,  8— 
Formation  of  cocoon,  6— The  worm  never  burrows  in  the  ground, 
8— Distinctive  characters  of  the  chrysalis,  9— Duration  of  chrys- 
alis state,  9— Distinctive  characters  of  the  moth,  9— Sexual  dif- 
ferences in  the  moths,  9— Different  habits  of  the  moths  at  night 
and  by  day,  10— Their  strong  flight,  10— Their  position  at  rest, 
10— How  soon  the  female  begins  to  lay,  10— Her  prolilicacy,  10— 
Food  of  the  moth,  10— It  injures  fruits,  11— Structure  of  the 
tongue,  11 — Mention  of  other  Xoctuida;  which  injure  fruits,  11 — 
Time  elapsing  from  one  generation  to  another,  11— This  will 
average  about  one  month,  12 — Time  of  year  when  the  first 
worms  appear,  12 — Former  opinions  erroneous,  12— Dates  of 
earliest  appearance  variable,  12— Worms  of  all  sizes  found  in 
Florida  and  southern  Georgia  in  the  latter  part  of  March,  12— 
First  worms  always  few  and  scattered,  12— They  multiply  and 
spread  irregularly,  12— Their  progress  governed  by  the  season 
and  latitude,  13— The  third  generation  often  called  the  first,  13— 
Number  of  annual  generations,  13 — There  are  at  least  seven  in 
southern  Texas,  13 — Gradual  progress  and  succession  of  broods, 
14 — The  second  generation  exceptionally  very  injurious,  14 — 
Why  not  usually  so,  14— Extent  of  migratory  flights  of  the 
moths,  15 — Probable  existence  of  northern  food-plants,  15 — 
Causes  and  seasons  of  migration,  15 — Behavior  of  migrating 
moths,  15 — The  question  of  hibernation,  15 — Different  former 
opinions  and  beliefs  concerning  hibernation,  16 — Discussion  of 
these  opinions,  16 — The  chrysalides  are  killed  by  a  temperature 
below  22*^  F.,  16 — Parasited  chrysalides  can  bear  greater  cold, 
16 — Fallacy  of  the  belief  that  the  chrysalis  winters  under- 
ground, 16 — Ease  with  which  erroneous  conclusions  can  be 
drawn  from  mistaken  identity,  17 — The  chrysalis  of  Axpila  vi- 
rescens  mistaken  for  that  of  the  Alefia,  17 — Chrysalides  of 
other  cotton  larv;e  found  underground  in  abundance,  17 — The 
chrysalis  of  Aletia  killed  by  burial,  17 — Ability  of  the  moth  to 
survive  the  winter,  18 — Unreliability  of  most  testimony  as  to 
the  hibernation  of  the  moth,  18 — Other  moths  easily  mistaken 
for  it,  18 — Hijpena  scabralis,  18 — Phoberia  atomaris,  19 — Lciicania 
unipitncta,  19 — Absence  of  testimony  to  the  survival  of  the  moths 
beyond  March,  19 — Theory  of  annual  introduction  of  the  species 
from  some  southern  foreign  country,  19 — Statement  and  discus- 
sion of  Grote's  arguments  and  of  others  in  support  of  this  theory, 
20 — Arguments  in  favor  of  the  hibernation  of  the  moth,  21 — 
Both  immigration  and  hibernation  may  occur,  21 — Summary  of 
the  evidence,  22 — Aletia  hibernates  only  as  a  moth  and  only  in 
the  extreme  south,  especially  in  Texas,  22. 
Chaptek  III: 

Past  history  of  the  cotton-worm  in  the  United  States 23 

From  1793  to  1825,  23— Fron  1826  to  1846,  24— From  1847  to  1666, 
25— From  1807  to  1869,  2(i— From  1869  to  1872,  27— In  1872  and 
1873,  28— In  1873  and  1874,  29— In  1875  and  1-76,  30— In  1877  and 
1878,  31— In  1879  and  1880,  32— In  1880  and  18ol,  33— History  of 
remedies,  34 — Hand-picking  and  poultry,  34— Fires,  35— Other 

22  ENT 


338  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2343.  EiLEY,  C.  Y.— Continued. 
Chapter  III — Continued. 

remedies,  35,36 — Arsenic,  36 — Paris  green,  36-38 — Planting  jute, 
38 — Machinery,  38 — London  purple,  38— Pyrethrum,  38. 
Chapter  IV: 

The  cottou-worm  in  other  countries -...-..         39 

Geographical  distribution  of  Jletia  xylina,  39 — Other  insects  injuri- 
ous to  cotton  in  the  Eastern  Hemisphere,  39 — Occurrence  of  Alttia 
xylina  on  the  Pacific  coast  of  Mexico,  39-40 — On  the  Gulf  coast  of 
Mexico,  40-41 — In  Yucatan,  41 — In  the  West  Indies,  42 — In  the 
northern  countries  of  South  America,  42-43 — In  Brazil,  43-44. 
Chapter  V : 

On  the  ansitomj  o{  Ahtia.     By  Edward  Burgess  and  C.  S.  Minot 45 

Circumstances  under  which  this  chapter  was  prepared,  45 — Exter- 
I  nal  anatomy  of  larva,  45 — True  legs,  45 — Prolegs,  46 — Colored 
markings,  46 — Stigmata,  46 — Internal  anatomy  of  larva,  47 — 
Head,  47 — Ganglia,  47 — Digestive  canal,  47 — Malpighian  vessels, 
47 — Salivary  glands,  47 — Dorsal  vessel,  47 — Stomach,  48— Exter- 
nal anatomy  of  imago,  48 — Method  of  preparing  the  exosiieleton 
for  examination,  48— Head  and  appendages,  48— Prothorax,  48, 
49 — Mesothorax,  49 — Metathorax,  49,  50 — Supposed  organ  of 
hearing,  50 — Abdomen,  50-51— Spiracles,  51 — Legs,  51 — Scales, 
51-52. — Scale-pores,  52 — Proboscis,  52 — Spines,  53 — Internal  anato- 
my of  imago,  53 — Digestive  canal,  53 — Pharynx,  53-54 — Salivary 
glands,  54 — (Esophagus,  54 — Food  reservoir,  54-55 — Stomach,  55 — 
Malpighian  vessels,  55 — Intestines,  55 — Aorta,  55 — Nervous  sys- 
tem, 55 — Ganglia,  55 — Terminal  body  segments  and  organs  of  re- 
prouuction,  56 — Brush-sac,  56 — Male  organs  of  reproduction,  56 — 
Testes,  57 — Vasa  deferentia,  57 — Penis,  57 — Female  organs  of  re- 
production, 57— Ovaries,  57— Sebaceous  glands,  57— Vagina,  58 — 
Copulatory  pouch,  58 — Terminal  abdominal  segments  of  the 
female,  58.  * 

Chapter  VI : 
The  cotton  belt.     By  Prof.  E.  A.  Smith 59 

A.  General  features  of  the  cotton  States 59 

Eegion  included  in  the  cotton  belt,  59 — Climate,  59— Winds,  59— 
Rainfall,  59-61— Temperature,  61-62— Geological  sketch,  62-63— 
Topography,63-64— Soils,  64-65— Agricultural  subdiA'isions,  65— 
Regions  of  forest  growth,  66-67. 

B.  Description  of  the  agricultural  subdivisions 67 

The  alluvial  region,  67-68— The  lower  prairie  region,  68-69— The 
long-leaf  pine  region,  69-71— The  oak  uplands  region,  72-73— The 
upper  prairie  region,  73-7.5— The  red  and  brown  loam  region,  75- 

77 — The  sandy  and  siliceous  lands  of  the  older  formations,  77-79- 
Tbe  gneissic  region,  79-80. 
Chapter  VII: 

Terrestrial  and  meteorological  influences  affecting  the  worm 81 

Condition  of  soil  and  plant  connected  with  the  appearance  of  the 
first  worms,  81 — The  earliest  worms  are  confined  to  the  "low 
lands,"  81;  and  to  luxuriant  plants,  82;  and  to  the  vicinity  of 
winter  shelters,  82;  and  to  the  same  localities,  82 — Influence  of 
wet  weather  on  the  development  of  the  worms,  83 — Severe  rains 
with  gales  destroy  both  worms  and  crop,  83 — Late  cold  rains  do 
the  same,  84 — Frequent  summer  rains  favor  the  development  of 
the  worms,  84— Hot,  dry  weather  destructive  to  them,  84— Artifi- 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY,  339 

2343.  Riley,  C.  V.— Coptiuued. 

Chapter  VII — Continued. 

cial  drought  produces  the  same  effect,  84 — Indirect  influences  ot 
wet  weather  in  favoring  the  dovelopuiont  of  the  worms,  85 — Im- 
munity of  the  worms  from  their  enemies  in  wet  weather,  b5 — 
Drowning  of  ants  liy  heavy  showers,  85 — Wet  weather  prevents 
poisoning  and  working  the  cotton,  85 — Letter  from  J.  W.  Du  Bose 
on  the  influence  of  winds  on  Alctia,  8b-86. 

Chapter  VIII : 

Natural  enemies 87 

General  remarks,  87 — Importance  lessened  by  the  use  of  arsenical 
poisons,  87 — Vertebrate  enemies.  87 — Quadrupeds,  87 — liirds,  87 — 
English  sparrow,  88 — Toads  and  lizards,  89— Invertebrates,  89— 
Spiders,  89— Ants,  90— Species  of  ants  destroying  Aldia,  90— 
Hubbard's  observations  on  ants,  92— The  leaf-cutting  ant,  94— 
Wasps,  94— Coleoptera,  95 — Tiger-beetles,  95— Ground-beetles, 
95— Lady-birds,  96- Soldier-beetles,  90— Ileteroptera,  97— List  of 
species,  97— Diptera,  99— Orthoptera,  99— Neuroptera,  100— Lepi- 
doptera,  100— Parasites,  101— List  of  species,  101— Tlie  Tricho- 
granima  egg-parasite,  10'2 — The  cottou-worni  Microgaster,  104-  - 
Comstock's  Euplectrus,  105 — Elachisiua  euplectri,  a  secondary 
parasite,  106 — The  common  flesh-fly,  107 — Cyrtoneura  slabulans, 
108— Is  it  parasitic  ?,  108— Tachina-flies,  109— Their  habits,  109— 
The  watchful  Pimpla,  111— The  ring-legged  Pimpla,  U^^ — fri/j}- 
tus  nundus,  113 — The  ovate  Chalcis,  114 — The  devouring  Tetra- 
stichus,  115 — Species  that  are  easily  niistakeu  for  parasites  of 
Aletia,  115 — Hexaplasta  zigsag,  115 — Phora  aletiw,  116. 

Chapter  IX: 

Preventive  measures 120 

Mode  of  cultivation,  1*20 — Improving  cottou  seed,  120 — Forcing  the 
young  plants,  120 — Transplanting  from  hot-beds,  120 — Objec- 
tions, 121 — Frequent  cultivation,  121 — Topping  the  cotton,  121 — 
Fertilizers,  121 — Sulphuric  acid  on  seeds,  121 — Late  planting, 
121 — "Worm-proof  cotton,"  121 — Diversified  agriculture,  122 — 
Rotation  of  crops,  122 — Jute  as  a  protection,  122 — Other  sup- 
posed protective  plants,  123 — Protection  oi  natural  enemies,  123 
^Immunity  of  cotton  under  trees,  124— Preventing  oviposition 
of  the  moth,  124— Futility  of  decoctions  for  this  purpose,  125 — 
Road  dust,  125 — Early  application  of  direct  remedies,  126 — Con- 
certed action,  126 — Early  poisoning  and  hand-picking,  12() — 
Cotton-worm  warnings,  127 — Destroying  chrysalides  accidentally 
carried  into  gin-houses,  127 — False  theories,  127 — Burning  the 
stalks,  127 — Winter  plowing,  127 — Salt,  127. 

Chapter  X : 
Remedies ;  means  of  coping  with  the  insect ;  substances  used  for  its 

destruction ^'■^ 

Destruction  of  the  eggs,  chrysalides,  and  moths,  128— Destruction 
of  the  eggs  impracticable,  128 — Little  chance  for  successful  de- 
struction of  the  chrysalides,  128 — Destruction  of  the  moth,  129 — 
Lights  and  fires  for  attracting  the  moths,  129— IndilVerent  suc- 
cess with  lamps  tised  at  Columbus,  Tex.,  130— Importance  of  using 
lamps  early  in  the  season,  130— Appareut  success  with  lamps  near 
Hearne,  Tex.,  131— Great  attractiveness  of  tlie  electric  light,  131— 
Movable  lights.  131— Poisoned  sweets  and  fluids,  131— Foodnesa 
of  the  moths  for  ripe  fruit,  132— Killing  moths  by  poisoaed  fruit, 


340  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2343.  Riley,  C.  V.— Continued. 

Chapter  X — Continued. 

132 — Method  of  using  poisoned  liquids,  132 — No  results  from  using 
poisoned  baits  late  in  summer,  133 — Poisoning  the  glands  of  the 
.  "  plant,  133 — Cotton-leaf  essence  and  its  attraction  to  the  moth, 

134 — Hand-picking,  135 — Mechanical  means  of  killing  the  worms, 
136 — Shaking  off  the  worms,  136 — Poisoning  the  worms,  136 — 
Progress  in  the  use  of  insecticides,  137 — Classification  of  insecti- 
cides, 137 — Importance  of  preparing  materials  in  advance,  138 — 
Arsenical  compounds,  138 — Safety  in  their  use,  138 — Difficulty  in 
determining  minimum  quantities,  139 — Overdoses  of  poisons,  139 
— General  rules  in  dry  applications,  140 — Mixing  devices,  141 — 
Ingredients,  141 — Wet  application,  142 — Principles  to  be  followed 
and  ingredients  to  be  used,  142 — Comparison  of  dry  and  wet  ap- 
plications, 142 — Paris  green,  143 — Historical  data,  143 — Liquid 
application,  143 — Dry  application,  144 — Minimum  quantities,  144 
— Patents  on  Paris-green  combinations,  146 — Arsenic,  147 — Com- 
mercial arsenic,  147 — Arseniate  of  soda,  147 — Fowler's  solution, 
148 — Johnson's  dead-shot,  148 — Texas  cotton-worm  destroyer,  149 
— London  purple,  149 — Manufacture  aud  analysis,  149 — History 
of  its  use,  150 — Experience  in  Alabama  in  1880,  150 — Advantages 
and  disadvantages,  151 — Dry  application,  151 — Wefapplication, 
152 — Other  mineral  substauces,  153 — Salt  and  saltpeter,  1-53 — Sul- 
phur, 154 — Red  lead,  154 — Road  dust,  154 — Oils  aud  allied  sub- 
stances, 155 — Kerosene,  155 — Former  methods  of  application,  155 
— Invention  and  perfection  of  emulsions,  156 — Method  of  prepar- 
ing emulsions,  157 — Formula  for  perfected  emulsion,  158 — Experi- 
ments with  imperfect  emulsion  in  1880,  158 — Experiments  with 
perfected  emulsions,  160 — Oil  of  creosote,  162 — Oil  of  tar,  162— 
Gas-tar  water,  162 — Carbolic  acid,  163 — Cotton-seed  oil,  163 — 
Vegetable  insecticides,  164 — Pyrethrum,  164 — History,  164 — Mode 
of  cultivation,  165 — Success  in  cultivating  the  plant  in  America, 
166 — Preparation  of  the  powder,  167 — Its  use  as  an  insecticide, 
168 — Advantages  and  disadvantages,  168 — Active  principle  in 
Pyrethrum,  169 — Its  effects  on  cotton-worms,  169 — Imported  vs. 
Calif ornian  powder,  170 — Dry  application,  170 — Minimum  quan- 
«  titles  of  dry  powder,  171 — Dry  powder  mixed  with  flour  and  other 
Ingredients,  172 — Application  in  fumes,  174 — Alcoholic  extract, 
174 — Experiments  with  extract  obtained  by  distillation,  174 — 
Experience  with  extract  obtained  by  repercolation,  176 — Use  of 
the  powder  in  slmiile  water  solution,  177 — Tea  or  decoction  of 
Pyrethrum,  178 — Effect  of  Pyrethrum  upon  other  insects,  179 — 
Prospects  for  the  use  of  Pyrethrum  for  the  cotton-worm,  180 — 
Ox-eye  daisy  powder  and  its  uselessness  as  an  insecticide,  180 — 
Extracts  and  decoctions  from  various  plants,  181 — Difficulties  in 
the  way  of  discovering  new  vegetable  lusecticides,  182 — Mode  of 
preparing  the  extracts  and  diffusions,  183 — List  of  the  plants  ex- 
perimented with,  184 — Effect  of  alcohol  upon  the  worms,  187 — 
Yeast  ferment  and  fungus  infection,  188 — Dr.  Hagen's  recommen- 
dations of  the  use  of  yeast  as  an  insectici&e,  188 — Objections  to 
Dr.  Hagen's  plan,  189 — Negative  results  obtained  by  the  Com- 
mission, 190. 
Chapter  XI : 
Machinery  and  devices  for  the  destruction  of  the  worm.     By  W.  S. 

Barnard,  Ph.  D 191 


BIBLIOGKAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  341 

2343.  Riley,  0.  V.— Continued. 

Chapter  XI — Continued. 

I.  Spray  nozzles,  classification,  preferred  kinds,  lUl — Many-punct- 
ured nozzles,  191-196 — Preferred  construction,  191-19:$ — StniiuiuK 
and  cleaning  vs.  clogging,  192 — Eddj-roses,  their  operation,  con- 
struction, and  leading  importance,  192-193 — Plug-roses,  action 
and  construction  unsatisfactory,  193-194 — Johnson's,  Melchor'a, 
Dawson's,  Foster's,  193 — Lynch's,  194 — Colliding  jets,  gas-jets, 
superiority,  Daughtroy's,  Webei-'s,  Prouty's,  194 — T-roses,  194 — 
Yeager's,  Warner's,  improvements,  195 — Divided  rose-heads, 
clutch-head  of  Mast,  Foos  &  Co.,  Foss',  Fox's,  Barrows',  Vose's, 
195 — Peripheral  roses  [divided],  Melcher's,  Yeager's,  Kuhmann's, 
196— Rose-combinations  of  Barry,  Prentice,  etc.,  196 — Slot  nozzles, 
196-205— Operation,  196— Preferred  construction,  196-201— Dis- 
advantages, improvements  made,  197-201 — Eddy-chambered,  197- 
199 — Lip  construction,  198-199— Inside  cleaner,  199— Simple  slot- 
nozzles.  Fowler's,  Mallory's,  Iske's,  201-202— Ping  slot-nozzles, 
Allen's,  Ruhniann's,  Johnson's,  ''The  Niagara,"  Pinter's, 202 — Re- 
movable slots  of  Long,  Vestal,  and  Merigot,  203 — Jawed  slots, 
"The  Boss  Nozzle,"  Raymond's  and  Porkin's,  Smith's,  Mofifet's, 
203— Williams',  Ruhmann's,  Pinter's,  204— Stanton's,  205— Side 
slots,  Schier's,  Melcher's,  20o— Deflector  nozzles,  20(>-211— Defini- 
tion, use,  applicability,  relative  merits,  206— Drip-waste,  clog- 
ging, 206— Simple  constructions  made,  206-208 — Conformations 
for  narrow,  wide,  and  even  sprays,  206-207 — Removable  deflect- 
ors, 207— Hollings',  Douglas's,  Nickerson's,  208— Haydeu's,  Kil- 
lam's,  Lewis',  Schier's,  Barrett's,  209— Ruhmann's,  Binkley'e, 
Schier's  compound.  210— Schier's  and  Polansky's,  211 — Centri- 
fugal nozzles,  211-221— Operation,  kinds,  choice,  211— The  now 
and  most  perfect  sprayers,  212— Eddy-chambered,  212-219— Con- 
formation and  operation,  212— Clogging,  cleaning,  constrnction 
principles,  213--Forms  described,  214— Whistle-jels,  215-216 — For 
blast-atomizers,  216— Eddy-jets  proper,  216-219— Involute  form, 
cone  form,  216 — Convex  and  concave  forms,  217 — Direct  dis- 
charge, proximal  diagonal  discharge,  217— I>istal  diagonal  dis- 
charge, 218— Centrifugal  nose-pieces,  donble-cone  or  double- 
chambered  form,  and  chambered  plug  form,  218— Direct  i^ray 
and  solid  jet,  2\Q—Fi8tul(tr  spray  nozzles,  hosepipes,  219— With 
rotary  segment,  Hotz's,  Clifi^ord's,  Gielow's,  Johnson's,  Hoyer'a, 
Clarke's,  220— With  cross-plug,  McGafley's,  Johnson's,  Gray's, 
Gielow's,  Hosford's,  221— Spray-wheels,  221. 

II,  Centrifugal  throwers,  221-226— Their  character  and  operation, 

221 Rotated  orifices,  jironged  reels,  brush  poison-throwers,  222—     , 

Brush  fibers,  222-223— Rotary  polishing  brushes,  imi)roved  con- 
struction, fiber  strength,  spring  and  density,  223— Feeding  the 
brushes  with  liquid,  223-22,5— With  powder,  224— A  simple  brush 
thrower  of  powder,  224-22.5— Advantages  over-sifters,  velocity  of 
rotation,  22.5— WisewoU's,  225-226— Whisps  and  brooms,  rotated 
recesses,  226. 

III.  Blowers  of  poison,  226-252— i?o/rtry  blowers,  226-235— Kinds  and 
success  of,  226-227— For  blowing  powder,  227-232— Hoppers  and 
adjustable  feeders,  227-228— Blower  encasements  and  blast-pipes, 
228-229— Blast  forks  and  dellectors,"229— Improved  light  rotary 
blowers,  229-230— Hauled  blowers,  compound  rotary  blower,  A- 
frame  and  legged  swivel  wheels,  230— Rotary  velocity,  231— 


342  BIBLIOGRAPHY   OF   ECONOMIC   ENTOMOLOGY. 

2343.  EiLEY,  C.  v.— Continued. 

Chapter  XI — Continued. 

Hurcl's  rotary  powder  blovrer,  231-232 — For  hlowing  liquids,  232- 
235 — Improved  feeders  of  liquid  to  rotary  blower,  232-233 — Drip- 
catcher,  forlied  blast  spray,  233 — Darnell's  rotary  liquid-blower, 
233-234— Hurd's  ditto,  and  Perl's  rotary  fume-blower,  234— 
Force-blast  rotary  blowers — Oscillating  blowers,  235-251 — Bellows 
power,  construction,  durability,  improvements,  235-236 — For 
blowing  powders,  236-243— Hermetic  powder-box,  236 — Feeders  of 
powder  to  blasts,  236-237 — Pipes,  forks,  and  nozzles  for  theae 
powder  blasts,  237-238 — Hauled  compound  bellows  powderer,  to 
wagon,  with  motor,  etc.,  238 — Cultivator  bellows-blower,  238- 
239 — Knapsack  and  horse-back  bellows  powderers,  239 — Im- 
proved small  hand-bellows  powderers,  239-241 — With  forks, 
241 — Allen's  powderer,  241 — Common  powder  bellows,  Wooda- 
son's,  Hendley's  improved,  242 — Stelle's,  etc.,  243 — For  Mowing 
fluids,  243-249 — Importance,  resuction,  feeding  by  blast-suction, 
blast-pressure,  gravitation,  gauges,  243-244 — Blast  spray  con- 
ductors and  nozzles,  reverberatory,  244 — Whistle-jets  and  agita- 
tion chambers,  245 — Common  blast  atomizers,  245 — Improved 
automatic-feeding  blast  sprayers,  246-249 — Reatomizing,  rever- 
beratory nozzles,  247 — Xether  blast  sprays,  directing  pipes  and 
nozzles,  248 — Compound  combinations,  249 — Peck's  blast  sprayer, 
and  Wallace's,  249 — Reciprocating  or  pistoned  blowers,  249-251 — 
Improved  air-pump  apparatus,  249-250 — Air-pumps  of  Humphry- 
ville,  Rumsey,  etc.,  251 — Generator  blowers,  251-252 — Steinmann's 
vaporizer,  251. 

Cha-PTEr  XII : 
Machinery  and  devices  for  the  destruction  of  the  worm — continoed.  253 
,  IV.  Pneumatic  compression  squirters,  253-261 — Kinds,  advantages, 
available  fire-extinguishers,  253-254 — Carbonic  anhydride,  appa- 
ratus, practicability,  255 — Danger,  antidotes,  safety  construc- 
tions, 255-256 — Simple  generators,  257 — llotarij  force-blast,  com- 
pression ejectors,  257 — Oscillating  bellows,  pneumatic  compression 
ejectors,  2o7 — Reciprocating  or  pistoned  ditto,  258-261 — Simple  kind 
to  construct,  beer  forcers  applicable,  Worswick  Co.'s,  Weindel's, 
Eumsey's,  Douglas's,  258 — Daughtrey's  underspray  theory  and 
machine,  258-261 — The  author's  devices,  259 — Weber's  nozzles, 
260. 
V.  Solid  compression  squirters  of  poison,  261-283 — Kinds,  261 — 
Rotary  force-pumps,  261-262 — Hydraulic  bellows,  262 — Oscillating 
force-pumps,  262 — Reciprocating  force-pumps,  262-283 — Kinds,  262 — 
Eydronettes  and  fountain  jjuhjjjs,  262-269 — May's  patent,  Tyler's, 
Servants',  Staples',  Whitman's  fountain  pump,  263 — Hydro- 
nettes,  double-acting,  Deakin's,  Rumsey's,  cost,  264 — Author's  im- 
provements in  knapsack  apparatus,  264-265— In  knapsack  fire- 
extinguishers,  Condict's  and  Doty's,  265— In  horseback  appara- 
tus, Warner's,  author's,  265 — In  cart  or  wagon,  265-268 — Cala- 
han's  carts,  legged  wheels,  tongue  or  shafts,  266 — Wagon  use, 
Trelease's  report,  266-268 — More  economic  devices,  268 — Othei 
pumps  not  in  trade,  268-269 — Aquapults,  aquajects,  aquarius,  ex- 
celsior, hydropttH,  2()9-271 — Operation,  cost,  269 — Aquapult,  John- 
son's patents,  Douglas',  Prouty's,  269-270 — Johnson's  syringe, 
Douglas'  aquarius,  Rumsey's  aquaject,  270  —  Deakin's  ex- 
celsior,   Vose's    hydropult,    271 — Bucket    pumps    and    knapsack 


BIBLIOGRAPHY   OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  343 

2343.  EiLEY,  C.  v.— Con  tinned. 
Chapter  XII— Continueil. 

punn)s,  271-374— Lewis's,  271— Korth's  and  less  desirable  kinds, 
Stoner's,  Malloiy's  Kaiser's,  Dix's,  272-Craudars,  Holland's 
knapsack  extiuj;uisber.s,  Douglas's,  Stanton's,  273— Bucket  poi- 
soners, McDonald's,  Allen's  watering-pot  ini|)rovenient8,  273— 
Amor's  and  Lane's  can-syringe,  Hull's,  Wisner's,  274— />ar/r/  and 
tank  pumps  and  oppurtenanveti,  274-283 — Sintjlc  acting,  diseliar^ing 
below  tbo  piston,  Melcber's,  274— Voglesaug's,  Eiibuiaiui's,  275— 
Polansky's,  Scbier's,  Bntiuan's,  Ball's^  agitator,  27(;— Eveuden's, 
Helniockc's,  277— Yeager's  pump  aud  nozzle,  277-27^— Pinter's, 
278— Single-acting,  discbarging  from  above  tbe  piston,  Cbipley's, 
Weitb's,  278 — Available  cistern  or  well  pumps,  27."'-27t>— Barrow 
pumps,  truck  pumps,  garden  engine  pumps,  windmill  pumps, 
Blunt's  Lotus  pump,  tbe  Pendulum  and  Index  pumps,  counter 
pumps,  279 — Douhle-actUuj,  force-pumps  proj)er,  279-283 — Tbe 
best,  279 — Kinds  cbaracterized,  Vose's  bydropult,  tbe  Cbampion, 
280 — Ramsden's,  reduction-cylinder  pnmps,  patentees  aud  manu- 
facturers, 281-282 — Autbor's  agitator  barrel  pum]>,  found  u\ost 
satisfactory,  282-283 — Conduits, /rames,  portage,  and  combinations 
of  appurtenances,  283 — Jobnson's  cotton-spraying  macbine,  284 — 
Jones',  Biukley's,  285 — Goodin's,  Wolfram's,  2.SG— Autbor's under- 
epraying  accessories,  288 — Plan,  skid,  mixing,  and  straining 
funnel,  288 — Adjustments  of  pipes,  forks  aud  nozzles,  289-297 ; 
fork  modifications,  290-292 — Pendent  pipes,  292,  conformability, 
ligbtness,  cbeapuess,  292-293 — Tube  substances,  293 — Autbor's  A- 
frame  macbines,  293-297 — Maximum  widtb  undersprayed,  295 — 
Pipe  adjustments  to  row  widtbs,  Hexible  systems  superior,  29&- 
297. 

VI.  Gravitational  distributors,  297-309— For  /((/HiV?,  297-302— Kinds, 
autbor's  tripod  automatic  sprinkler,  297-298 — Scbank's  sprinkler, 
Taylor's,  298 — Robinson's,  299 — Suction  force-pumps  and  windlass 
elevators,  299— Bilge-pumps,  300 — Horseback  automatic  sprink- 
lers, watering-pot  metbod,  Willie's  sprinkler,  300 — Ramsey's, 
301 — Knapsack  automatic  sprinklers,  301 — Gray's,_  Ruggle's, 
Townsend's,  302 — Automatic  baud-sprinkleis,watering-i>(>ts afoot 
and  on  borseback,  302 — For  dry  poisons,  sifters,  kinds,  302-309 — 
Disadvantages,  reciprocating  sieve  macbines,  band-sieves,  303- 
304 — Sifting  bag,  Kurd's  sifter  and  blower,  Goodbeart's  duster 
and  sprinkler,  304— Rotary-sieve  macbines,  304-307 — Robinson's 
duster  aud  sprinkler,  Davis'  duster.  Levy's,  305 — Taylor's  duster 
and  sprinkler,  306 — Reciprocating-stirrer  sifters,  Willie's,  307 — 
Rotary-stirrer  sifters.  Young's,  307— Smitb's,  308— Eldridgo's,  309. 

ChaPtkr  XIII : 

Macbiuery  and  devices  for  tbe  destruction  of  tbe  worm — concluded.       310 

VII.  Insect  manipulators,  mecbauical  treatment,  dislodging,  crush- 
ing or  stifling  tbe  worms  or  cbrysalids,  310 — Sweeping,  knocking, 
or  jarring  oti'  tbe  worms;  friction  drags,  fringes;  beaters,  310 — 
Collecting  and  dcspatcbing  nioan.s,  311— Crusbing,  Helm's 
sweeper  and  crusber,  311 — Ewing's  sweeper  anil  stitlcr,  312 — 
7»io//is,Woo(l-Smitb's,  313— Iske'scatcbing  trays,  314— rrfl/(«/or/Ae 
314-321  — Kinds  of  lures,  lighttrapn,  314— Lewis's,  McQueen's, 
Rigel's,  315— Walker's  and  otbers,  315-316— Lamps  in  motion, 
Leblanc's,  Fordtran's,  316— i?aj7  traps,  Heard's.  Garrett's,  317— 
Traps  combining  light  and  bait,  autbor's  net  trap,  317-319,  tboaght 


344  BIBLIOGRAPHY   OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2343.  EiLEY,  C.  v.— Continued. 

Chapter  XIII — Continued. 

the  best,  318 — Indiscriminate  killing  wrong,  the  best  bait,  319 — 
Stith's  trap,  319— Pugh's,  Garrett's,  320— Binkley's,  321. 

Chapter  XIV: 

History  of  the  literature  and  bibliography 322 

History  of  the  literature,  322— From  1802  to  1828,  322— From  1829 
to  1847,  323— From  1848  to  1854,  324— From  1855  to  1871,  325— 
From  1869  to  1874,  326— From  1874  to  1878,  327— From  1878  to 
1880,  328— From  1880  to  1881,  329— Bibliography  up  to  and  in- 
cluding the  year  1881,  329-344. 

Chapter  XV : 

Insects  liable  to  be  mistaken  for  Aletia . .       345 

Confusion  of  Aletia  with  other  moths,  345 — With  Aspila  virescens, 
345 — Characters  of  the  most  important  of  these  moths  to  be  illus- 
trated in  this  chapter,  345 — List  of  these  moths,  345 — Account  of 
Anomis  erosa  Hiibner,  345 — Its  geographical  distribution,  346 — 
Structure  of  its  eggs,  346 — Distinguished  from  egg  of  Aletia  xijlina, 
346 — Its  seasons,  346 — Habits  of  larva,  346 — Characters  of  moth, 
347 — Detailed  description  of  egg,  348 — Larva,  348 — Pupa,  349 — 
Seasons  and  food-plants,  349 — Account  of  Anomis  texana  n.  sp., 
350 — Habitat  of  A.  exacta,  350 — Of  A.  texana,  350 — Larva  dis- 
tinguished from  that  of  Aletia  xylina,  350— Pupa  distinguished, 
350 — Account  of  Leucania  unipuncta  Haworth,  350— Reference  to 
discussions  about  this  species,  350 — Its  geographical  distribution, 
351 — Oviposition,  351 — Food-habits  of  worms,  351— Pupation,  351 
— Number  of  broods,  351 — Hibernation,  351 — Account  of  Aspila 
virescens,  351 — Synonymy,  351 — Confounded  with  Aletia  xylina 
only  in  pupa  state,  351 — Pupae  of  the  two  species  distinguished, 
352— Food-plants  of  A.  virescens,  352 — Moth  distinguished  from 
that  of  Aletia  xylina,  352 — Account  of  i^ras^eria  erechlea  (Cramer), 
352 — Its  geographical  distribution,  352 — Variations  in  size  of 
moth,  352— Food-plants  of  larva,  352— Habits  of  moth,  352 — Num- 
ber of  broods,  352 — Oviposition,  353 — Colors  of  larva,  353 — Ac- 
count of  Laphygma  frugiperda,  353 — Its  food-habits,  353 — Synon- 
yms, 353 — Account  of  Platyliypena  scabra  (Fabr.),  354 — Geograph- 
ical distribution,  354 — Food-plants,  354 — Number  of  broods,  354 
— Reference  to  descriptions  of  larva,  354 — Euplectrus  platyhypencB 
Howard,  bred  from  larva,  354 — Account  of  Fhoheria  atomaris 
(Hiibner),  354 — Reference  to  descriptions  and  figures  of  moth, 
354 — Food-plant  of  moth,  354. 

Chapter  XVI: 

The  boll-worm  {Reliothis  armigera  Hiibner) 355 

Introductory,  355 — One  of  the  foremost  of  our  injurious  insects, 
355 — Extent  of  its  ravages,  355 — Nomenclature,  357 — Synonyms, 
358— Popular  names,  358— Geographical  distribution,  358 — Food- 
plants,  other  than  cotton,  359 — Corn,  359 — Tomato,  361 — Tobacco 
and  other  Solanacew,  362—Lcgu)ninosw,  262—Cucuriitacea',  363— 
Malvacece,  363 — Other  food-plauts,  363— Characters  and  transfor- 
mations, 364— The  egg,  364— The  larva,  365— The  pupa,  370— The 
imago,  371— Number  of  broods,  372— Hibernation,  373— Summary 
of  the  distinguishing  points  compared  with  Aletia,  374 — Egg, 
374— Larva,  374 — Pupa,  374— Adult,  374 — Natural  enemies,  375 — 
Remedies,  377 — Early  planting,  373 — Low  corn  vs.  high  corn, 
378— Fall  plowing,  378 — Destruction  of  the  moths,  379— Lights 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY  345 

2343.  EiLEY,  C.  v.— C^ontinncd. 

Ch\ptkk  XVI— Continued. 

:in<l  poisoned  Hweets,  379— Hand-picking,  380— Poisoning,  381— 
Pj'retbruui,  361— Bibliography,  382. 

Explanation  to  platks 385 

Plate  I-III,  .385— IV-VII,  386— VIII-XI,  3H7— XII-XVI.  38«-XVII- 
XX,  389— XXI-XXV,  390— XXVI-XXVIII,  3'J]— XXIX-XXXII, 
392-XXXIII-XXXVIII,393— XXXIX-XLII,394-XLIII-XLVII, 
395  — XLVIII-LIII,  396— LIV-LVII,  397  — LVllI-LXI,  398— 
LXII-LXIV,  399. 

Appendices [n 

Preface  to  appendices [;n 

Appendix  I: 

Report  of  H.  G.  Hubbard [5] 

Report  of  observations  made  in  1881  upon  Aletia  and  other  insect 
enemies  of  cotton,  in  the  State  of  Florida,  [5] — Cotton  injured 
more  by  Dysdercus  sutureUiis  than  by  Aletia  xijlhia,  [6]— And 
more  by  rust-mite  than  by  either,  [7]— Great  destruction  of 
Aletia  eggs  by  Trichngramma  pretiosa,  [7]— Successions  of  broods 
of  Aletia,  [7] — Distribution  of  worms  on  plant,  [8] — Tabular 
statement  of  periods  of  time  occupied  in  each  stage  of  growth, 
[10] — Locality  of  deposition  of  eggs  on  plant  [1"2J — Proportions 
of  light  and  dark  colored  worms,  [12] — Effect  of  shade  in  protect- 
ing cotton,  [12] — Periods  of  dilferent  stages,  [13] — Copulation, 
[13] — Position  of  moths  at  rest,  [13] — Experiments  with  poisons, 
[14] — Pyrethrum,  [14] — London  purple,  [15] — Poisoning  the 
moths,  [15] — Yeast,  [16] — The  boll-worm,  Heliolhis  annigera 
Hiibn.,  [16]. 

Appendix  II : 

Report  of  Prof.  R.  W.  Jones [17] 

The  cotton  boll-worm,  Beliothia  armigera,  [17] — Its  importance,  [17] 
—Food-plants,  [17]— Natural  history,  [18]— The  egg,  [IH]— The 
larva,  [18]— Chrysalis,  [19]— The  moth,  [19 J— Weather,  [19]— 
Natural  enemies,  [19] — Cotton  army-worm,  Aletia  xi/lina.  [19j — 
First  appearance  observed  in  1880,  [19] — ExiierinR-uts  with 
poisoned  sweets,  [20] — With  adhesive  sweets,  [20] — Gradual  dis- 
appearance of  moths  in  October,  [20] — Preparation  of  vegetable 
substances  as  insecticides,  [20] — Pyrethrum,  [21] — Experiments 
with  Pyrethrum,  [22]. 

Appendix  III: 

Report  of  J.  P.  Stelle [25] 

First  appearance  of  Aletia  xylina  and  Heliothia  armigera  in  Texas 
in    1880,    [25]— Cotton    blight,    [25]— lis    symptoms,   [25]— It« 
/  causes,  [26]— Boll  rot,  [26] — Its  syniptonis,  [27]- Its  cause  [27] 

— The  Hare,  [27] — Its  symptoms,  [27]  — Its  probable  cause,  [27J 
— Other  food-plants  than  cotton  for  Aletia,  [27]— None  found  for 
the  larva,  [27] — Many  for  the  moth,  [27] — Food  of  larva  of 
Heliothia  annigera,  [28] — Annoyances  to  the  cotton-worm,  [2"i] — 
Common  salt,  [28]— Saltpeter,  [28]— Road  dust,  [2><]— Open 
spaces,  [28]— Trees,  [29]— Shade,  [29 J— Natural  enemies,  [29]— 
Birds,  [29]— Ants,  [29]— Other  insects,  [30]— The  yeast  ferment 
remedy,  [31]— Pyrethrum  powder,  [31]— Other  vegetabh- poisons, 
[32]— Arsenical  poisons,  [32]— Loudon  purple,  [32]— Paris  green, 
[33] — Arsenic,  [33], 


346  BIBLIOGRAPHY   OF   ECONOMIC   ENTOMOLOGY. 

2343.  EiLEY,  C.  v.— Coutinued. 

Appendix  IV: 

Reports  of  Dr.  E.  H.  Anderson ^ [37] 

For  1880,  [37]— Seasons  and  habits  of  J.  xylina,  [37]— Of  i7e?io</i is 
armigera,  [37] — Localities  of  first  appearance  of  A.  xijlina  in  the 
season,  [37] — Eeasons  for  this  first  appearance,  [37]-[38]— Hiber- 
nation of  this  insect  in  some  form,  [38]— Causes  of  undue  multi- 
plication of  the  -worms,  [38] — Influence  of  ants  on  the  number  of 
worms,  [38]— Habits  of  ants,  [38]— Other  insects  gathering 
sweets  from  the  cotton-plant,  [39] — Jute  growing  amidst  cotton 
has  no  effect  on  the  worms,  [39] — Saturnia  io  found  eating  cot- 
ton, [39]— An  enemy  of  the  cotton-worm  found,  [39]— Experi- 
ments with  London  purple,  [39] — With  Pyrethrum  extract,  [39] 
— With  yeast,  [40] — Eggs  of  insects  found  on  cotton-leaf,  [40]— 
Characteristics  of  season  ot  1880,  [40]— Report  for  1881,  [40]—  ' 
Diary  of  observations  on  issuance,  egg-laying,  and  hibernation  of 
moths,  and  on  weather,  from  October  3  to  December  31,  [40]- 
[44] — Observations  of  Heliothis  armigera,  [41J-[43] — Report  for 
1882,  [44]— Observations  on  ants  and  aphides,  [45]— Abundance 
and  sudden  disappearance  of  Laphygma  frugiperda,  [45] — Scar- 
city of  cotton-worms,  [45] — Experiments  with  Pyrethrum,  [45]- 
[48]— Weather  in  September,  [4G]-[47]— Scarcity  of  Heliothis 
■  armifiera  in  cotton,  [46]-[47] — Its  preferred  food-plants,  [47]. 

Appendix  V: 

Cotton  caterpillars  in  Brazil.     By  John  C.  Branner [49] 

Historical  accounts  of  the  occurrence  of  cotton  caterpillars  in 
Brazil,  [49]-[51]— Influence  of  weather  on  the  appearance  and 
abundance  of  cotton-worms,  [51] — Localities  in  which  worms 
first  appear,  [51] — Young  cotton-plants  most  injured,  [51] — Tvro 
species  of  cotton  caterpillars  have  been  confounded,  [52] — Sea- 
sons and  relative  abundance  of  the  two,  [52] — Duration  of  their 
puj)a  state,  [52] — Time  of  issue  of  moths,  [53]— Number  of 
broods,  [53]— Enemies  of  the  caterpillars,  [53] — Preventive 
measures,  [53] — Losses  caused  by  caterpillars,  [53]-[54] — Helio- 
this armigera  scarcely  known  to  attack  cotton  in  Brazil,  [54]. 

Appendix  VI : 

Report  of  Judge  William  J.  Jones [55] 

Obstacles  to  investigation  in  1880,  [55] — Exemption  of  scattered 
patches  of  cotton-plants  from  depredation,  [55] — Answers  to 
questions  in  Circular  No.  7,  [55]-[56] — Cotton  killed  by  a  fun- 
gus, [56] — Application  of  poisons  to  cotton,  [56] — Effect  of  poi- 
sons upon  eggs  andlarvse,  [56]— No  other  insects  observed  to  be 
injurious,  [56] — Use  of  lights  recommended  to  destroy  moths, 
[56]-[57]. 

Appendix  VII: 

Reports  of  consuls  and  consular  agents  on  the  cotton  crop  and  its 
enemies  in  Mexico,  Central  and  South  America,  and  the  West 

Indies [59] 

Introduction,  [59] — Circular  letter  of  inquiry,  [59] — Replies:  from 
Merida,  Mexico,  [60]— From  Tampico,  Mexico,  [60] — From  Mar- 
tinique, W.  I.,  [60]— From  Trinidad,  W.  I.,  [61]— From  Man- 
zanillo,  Mexico,  [61]  —  From  Mazatlan,  Mexico,  [62]— From 
Bahia,  Brazil,  [63]— From  Maricaibo,  U.  S.  of  Colombia,  [64]— 
From  Vera  Crnz,  Mexico,  [65]— From  Pernambuco,  Brazil, 
[67]— Prom  Bogota,  U.  S.  of  Colombia,  [68]— Notes  on  insects 


BIBLIOGRAPHY   OF   ECONOMIC   ENTOMOLOGY.  347 

2343.  Riley,  C.  V.— Conimied. 

ApPExnix  VII— Continueil. 

iii.jurioiis  to  the  cottoD-pIaut  iu  the  Republic  of  Mexico,  by  D. 
H.  Strother,  U.  S.  cousul-general,  [70]. 
Appendix  VIII : 

Answers  to  Circular  No.  7 [71] 

From  I).  M.  Ilamiltou,  St.  Fraacisville,We8t  Feliciana  Parish,  La., 
[71] — From  R.  A.  Lee,  Evergreen,  Ala.,  [73] — From  J.  M.  Wol- 
kom,  Henderson,  Tex.,  [74] — From  P.  S.  Clarke,  HtMnpstead, 
Waller  Co.,  Tex.,  [75] — From  L.  D.  Hoyt,  Livingston,  .Sumter 
Co.,  Ala.,  [77] — From  F.  S.  Shields,  Lake,  Concordia,  Concordia 
Parish,  La.,  [79] — From  G.  E.  Gillespie,  M.  1).,  Natchitoches, 
La.,  [81]— From  H.  O.  Dixon,  Jackson,  Miss.,  [84]— From  F.  L, 
Yoakum,  Larissa,  Cherokee  Co.,  Tex.,  [85] — From  O.  II.  Perry, 
Perry  Co.,  Ala.,  [8G] — From  J.  W.  Grace,  Walterborough,  Colle- 
ton Co.,  S.  C,  {.SC^"] — From  F.  M.  McMeekin,  Jamestown,  Alachua 
Co.,  Fla.,  [87]— From  H.  P.  Bee,  San  Antonio,  Tex.,  [88]-[89]— 
From  E.  H.  Anderson,  Kirkwood,  Miss.,  [90] — Condensed  sum- 
mary of  the  habits  of  the  worm,  from  Dr.  D.  L.  Phares,  Wood- 
ville.  Miss.,  [92]. 

Notes [93] 

Note  1 [95] 

Hubner's  description  o(  Alctia  argillacea,  with  translation,  [95]. 

Note  2 '. [95] 

Reasons  for  rejecting  Hiibner's  description  of  Aleiia  aryillacea,  [95] 
-^Wherein  this  description  and  the  hgnres  ditier  from  J.  xylina, 
[95] — Doubts  of  authors  concerning  J.  argillacea,  [95] — Search 
for  the  type  of  J.  argillacea,  [96] — Condition  of  the  Soramer  collec- 
tion, [96] — How  specimens  of  J.  xi/?ina  are  labeled  therein,  [96]. 

Notes [96] 

No  published,  full,  and  complete  description  of  the  earlier  states  of 
A.  xylina  extant,  [96]  —Reprint  of  descriptive  portion  of  Dr.  C. 
W.  Capers'  article  "  On  the  cotton  caterpillar,"  [97]— History 
of  ravages  of  A.  xylina  prior  to  1828,  [97] — Sudden  abandonment 
of  cotton-plants,  [97]— His  description  of  moth,  [98]— Egg,  [98] 
—Larva,  [98]— Smell  of  larva,  [98]— Habits,  [98]— Food-plant, 
[98]— Pupation,  [98]— Description  of  pupa,  [98]— Remedies, 
[99]— Detailed  description  of  egg,  [99]— Six  stages  of  larva, 
[99]— Pupa,  [100]. 

Note  4 [100] 

Diflerence  in  structure  of  prolegs,  distinguishing  Alctia  xylina  from 
Anomia  tcxana,  [100]. 

Notes [100] 

Resemblance  of  larva  of  Plu«ia  dyaua  to  that  of  Aletia  xylina,  [100]— 
Proportion  of  light  and  dark  specimens  early  and  late  in  the  sea- 
son, [100]. 

Note  6 [100] 

Cotton  leaves  blotched  by  young  larva  of  Spiloaoma  acrea,  [100]. 

Note  7 ;---  [100] 

Larva  of  Aletia  xylina  fed  on  Ipomwa  commutata,  [100]— Abutilon 
and  Phytolacca  defoliated  by  diflereut  larva-.  [100]— Said  to  feed 
on  "salve  bush,"  [100]. 

Notes ■ [100] 

Structure  of  male  genitalia  of  Aletia  xylina,  [100]. 


348  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2343.  EiLEY,  C.  v.— Continued.  ♦ 

Notes — Continued. 

Note  9 [101] 

Notice  of  Wm.  Trelease's  "Nectar:  what  it  is  and  some  of  its  uses," 
[101] — Teleology  and  dysteleology  of  nectar  glands  of  cotton- 
plant,  [101]. 

Note  10 [101] 

Rapidity  with  which  the  broods  of  A.  xylina  follow  one  another  in 
midsummer,  [101] — Time  of  first  appearance  of  worms,  [101] — 
Number  of  broods,  [101] — Prolificacy  of  moth,  [101] — Importance 
of  natural  checks  upon  its  increase,  flOl]. 

Note  11 [101] 

Influence  of  winter  temperature  on  time  of  first  appearance  of 
worms,  [101]. 

Note  12 [101] 

Theories  of  hibernation  of  A.  xylina,  [101] — Proof  of  hibernation 
of  moth,  [102]— importance  of  this  proof,  [102]. 

Note  13 [102] 

Influence  of  latitude  upon  time  of  hatching  of  insects,  [102]. 

Note  14 .• [102] 

Number  of  broods  of  A.  xylina  previously  recognized,  [102]. 

Note  15 [102] 

Possible  food-plants  of  larva  of  A.  xylina,  [102] — There  must  be 
some  besides  cotton,  [102] — Failure  to  find  any  other,  [102] — 
Feeding  of  larva  of  Anomis  erona  on  Urena  lohata,  [102] — Value 
of  fiber  of  U.  lohata,  [102] — Geographical  distribution  of  U.  lohata, 
[103] — Eggs  and  larva  oi  Anomis  erosa  distinguished  from  those 
of  Aletia  xylina,  [103] — Examination  of  malvaceous  plants  in 
herbarium  of  U.  S.  Department  of  Agriculture,  [103] — Disad- 
vantages of  such  an  examination,  [103] — Plants  on  which  eggs 
were  found  in  the  herbarium,  [103]— Petition  for  aid  in  obtain- 
ing evidence  of  the  food-plant  of  A.  xylina  in  the  more  north- 
ern States,  [103] — List  of  malvaceous  plants  growing  in  these 
States,  with  localities,  [103]. 

Note  16 „ [104] 

Description  of  larva  of  Aspila  virescens,  [104] 

Note  17 [104] 

Travels  of  E.  A.  Schwarz  in  1878  and  1879,  [104]— Reference  to 
published  accounts  of  the  results  of  his  investigations  and  those 
of  others  on  hibernation  of  J.  xylina,  [104]. 

Note  18 [104] 

Platyliypena  acabra,  [104]— Characters  of  larva,  [104] — Food-plants 
of  larva,  [104]— Pupation  and  hibernation,  [104]— Characters  of 
pupa,  [104]. 

Note  19 [104] 

Seasons  of  larva  of  Phoheria  atomaris,  [104]. 

Note  20  .J [104] 

Criticism  of  paper  by  A.  R.  Grote  on  hibernation  of  A.  xylina, 
[104] — Grote's  arguments  against  hibernation,  based  on  experi- 
ence gained  in  the  same  regions  which  furnish  arguments  against 
the  theory  of  annual  immigration,  [105]— Possibility  of  hiber- 
nation admitted  by  Grote,  [105]. 

Note  21 [105] 

Definition  of  northern  and  southern  portions  of  cotton  belt,  [105]. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  349 

2343.  Riley,  C.  V.— Continued. 

Notes — Contiuued. 

Note  2-2 [105] 

References  to  discussion  of  J.  P.  Stelle's  claim  to  have  first  recom- 
mended publicly  the  use  of  Paris  green  for  A.  xylina,  [lOf)]. 

Note  23 [105] 

References  to  descriptions  and  figures  of  brush-sacs  of  moths,  [105]. 

Note  24 [105] 

Worms  worse  in  wet  weather  than  in  dry,  because  more  protected 
from  enemies,  [105] — Localities  of  first  appearance  of  worms  are 
those  of  least  molestation,  [105]. 

Note  25 [106] 

Appetite  of  swine  for  cotton-worms,  [106]— Worms  eaten  by  dogs 
and  cats,  [lOG]. 

Note2() [106] 

Reference  to  list  of  birds  of  southern  States,  [lOG]. 

Note  27 [106] 

Range  of  English  sparrow  in  United  States,  [106] — In  hotter  por- 
tions of  the  country  it  is  confined  to  towns  and  villages,  [106]. 

Note  28 [106] 

Report  by  Dr.  Geo.  Marx  on  spiders  found  on  cotton,  [106] — Prelim- 
inary list  of  spiders  which  destroy  insects  noxious  to  agriculture, 
[106] — List  of  spiders  observed  to  devour  larv:e  of  Aletia  xylina, 
[106] — How  they  capture  their  victims,  [106] — Food-habits  of 
Theridula  sphwrula,  [107] — Observations  on  habits  of  Oxyopes 
riridans,  by  H.  G.  Hubbard,  [107] — Ants  captured  by  larva)  of  a 
Cicindcla,  [107], 

Note  29 [107] 

Description  of  imago  of  Trichogramma pretiosa,  [107]. 

Note2[)a [107] 

Metamymar  n.  g.  and  M.  ahurodia  n.  sp.,  provisionally  named, 
[107]. 

Note  30 ■- [108] 

Description  of  imago  and  larva  of  Apanteles  ahticF,  [108]. 

Note  31 [lOdJ 

Apanteles  aletice  parasited  by  Eupelmus  pp.,  [108]. 

Note  32 [108] 

Description  of  imago  of  Euplectrua  comatockii,  [108]. 

Note  33 [108] 

Description  of  imago  of  Elachialus  euplectri  n.  sp.,  [108]. 

Note  34 [109] 

Sarcophaga  sarracenup  distinct  from  8.  carnaria,  [109] — Points  of 
difl'erence  between  tlio  Sarcophagw  of  America  and  Europe  gen- 
erally, [109] — Addil  ional  specific charactersofiS.  8arraccnin\  [109]. 

Note  35.' [109] 

Description  of  imago  of  Tachina  aleiiw,  [109]. 

Note  36 [10;»1 

Description  of  imago  of  Tachina  /interna,  [109]. 

Note  37 [109] 

Differences  between  tachinid  larva  and  that  at'  Sarcophaga,  [109]— 
Differences  of  puparia.  [109]— Reference  to  description  of  larva 
of  Sennmelopia  atropirora,  [110];  of  larva  and  pupa  of  Tachina 
villica,  [110]— Description  of  larva  and  ])npariuni  of  Sarcophaga 
8arracenin\  [110];  of  larva  of  Bdroisia  bi/asciala,  [110]  — Differ- 
ence of  larva  of  £.   bifa»ciata  from   that  of  Tachina  concinnata, 


350  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2343.  Riley,  0.  V.— Continued. 

Notes — Continued. 

[110]— Structure  of  spiracles  in  normal  form  of  tachinid  pupa- 
rium,  [110]— Description  of  the  puparium,  [110]  ;  of  puparium 
of  Belboisia  bifanciata,  [111]. 

Note  38 [Ill] 

Synonymy  of  Cryptus  conquisitor,  [111] — C.  pleurivinctus  erroneously 
given  as  a  synonym  of  C.  annulicornis,  [111]. 

Note  39 .' - [Ill] 

Synonymy  of  Cryptus  samice,  [111]. 

Note  40 [Ill] 

Description  of  larva  and  pupa  of  Chalcis  ovata,  [111]— List  of  Lepi- 
doptera  parasited  by  Cli.  ovata,  [HI]— Variations  in  size  oi" 
imago,  [111]. 

Note  41 [llll 

Synonymy  of  TetrasticJius  esurus,  [111] — Description  of  imago, 
[111]. 

Note  42 [Ill] 

.  Description  of  imago  of  Hexaplasta  zigzag,  [111] — Difficulty  of  de- 
fining the  families  Chalcidtdw,  ProctotrupidoB,  and  Cynipidce, 
[112]— Food-habits  of  these  families,  [112]. 

Note  43 [112] 

Phora  aletice  not  a.  true  parasite,  [112]— Habits  of  this  species,  [112]. 

Note  44 [112] 

The  vast  majority  of  the  moths  attracted  to  light  said  to  be  males, 
[112]— If  this  is  so,  the  usefulness  of  fires  and  lights  as  a  remedy 
is  almost  nothing,  [112]. 

Note  45 [112] 

Antidotes  for  arsenical  poisoning,  [112]. 

Note  46 [112] 

Non-fertilized  blossoms  destroyed  by  morning  showers  or  spray- 
ing, [112]— When  to  make  wet  applicaticyis  of  poison,  [112]. 

Note  47 [113] 

Test  of  purity  of  Paris  green,  [113]. 

Note  48  [113] 

Proportions  of  Paris  green  mixture,  [113]. 

Note  49 [113] 

Effect  of  kerosene  and  kerosene  emulsion  on  cotton-plants,  [113]. 

Note  50 [113] 

Pyrethrum  willemoti  probably  a  synonym  of  P.  roseum,  [113] — Ref- 
erence to  Willemot's  paper  on  P.  tvillemoti,  [113]. 

Note  51 , [113] 

Growth  of  productive  pyrethrum  industry  in  California,  [113] — 
Effectof  pyrethrum  on  warm-blooded  animals,  [113] — Pyrethrum 
recommended  as  a  disinfectant  and  germicide,  [113]. 

Note  52 [113] 

Cost  of  production  compared  with  price  of  pyrethrum,  [113]. 

Note  53 [113] 

Enemies  of  Aletia  xylina  killed  by  poisoning  the  worms,  [113]. 

Note  54 [113] 

Positiveness  with  which  various  plants  have  been  recommended  as 
insecticides,  [113]. 

Note  55 [114] 

Insects  injuring  dog-fennel,  [114]. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  351 

2343.  Riley,  C.  V.— Contimied. 

Notes— Continued. 

Note  56 [114  J 

Tests  of  spraying  machinery,  by  Dr.  W.  S.  Barnard,  [114]— Ditli- 
culties  in  tlie  use  of  machinery  in  irregularly-planted  lields, 
[114]— Means  of  overcoming  these  difficulties,  [114]— Convey- 
ances for  underspraying  apparatus,  [115]— Management  of  ap- 
paratus, [115]— Rapidity  of  service,  [115J— Quantity  of  poison 
required,  [113]— Success  of  stirrer-pump  device,  [115] — Con- 
struction of  stirrer-pump,  [115]— Construction  of  nozzle-pipes, 
[116]— Adjustment  of  these  pipes,  [116]— Success  of  Eddy-cham- 
ber nozzles,  [116]— A  closed  system  of  pipes  advisable,  [116]— 
High  pressure  should  always  be  used,  [117]— Adjustment  of  de- 
scending pipes,  [117]— Flexile  joints  recommended,  [117]— Ad- 
vantages of  flexile  pipes,  [117]— Lifting  of  descending  pipes  in 
turning,  [118]— Devices  for  laterah  shifting  of  pipes,  [llH]— 
Summary  of  conclusions  from  experiments,  [118]. 

Note  57 [IPj] 

Keconuuendation  to  use  Paris  green  in  187-2,  [119] — Extract  from 
report  made  on  this  subject  by  J.  P.  Stelle,  in  1880,  [ll'J]— Com- 
ment on  the  same,  [120]. 

Note  58 [  l"-iO] 

Description  of  imago  of  Anomis  texana  n.-sj).,  [120J. 

Note  59 ,   [120] 

Description  of  egg  and  pupa  of  Drasteria  trechtea,  [120]. 

Note  60 [1-^1] 

Reprint  of  J.  W.  Boddie's  description,  in  1850,  of  imago  of  Phalana 
zea  (Heliothis  armxgera),  [121  ]. 

Note  61 [lv>l] 

Reprint  of  A.  R.  Grote's  description  of  Selioth is  umbrosus,  [121]. 

Note  62 • [121] 

Remarks  on  specimens  sent  from  Bahia,  by  R.  A.  Edes,  in  1880, 
[121]— Characters  of  egg,  larva,  and  pupa  of  Anomis  sp.,  [121] — 
Insects  found  in  cotton  bolls,  [121]. 

Note  63 [121] 

Probably  Macroaila  ruatiea  stated  to  feed  on  cotton,  [121]. 

Note  64 [121] 

LarvjE  of  Aletia  x^Hna  received  from  Vera  Cruz,  [121] — Recurrence 
of  cotton-worms  at  irregular  periods,  [122]. 

2344.  Riley,  C.  V.    Reports  of  experimeuts  with  various  insecticide 

substances,  chiefly  upon  insects  affecting  garden  crops,  made 
under  the  direction  of  the  entomologist.  <Bull.  J?"o.  11,  Div. 
Ent.  U.  S.  Dept.  Agric,  [February  20],  188G,  34  pp. 

CONTENTS. 

Experiments  with  insecticides 5 

Report  of  experiment  sat  La  Fayette,  Ind.    By  F.  M.  Webster 9 

Report  of  experiments  at  Ames.  Iowa.   By  H.  Osborn 23 

Report  of  experiments  at  Trenton,  N.  J.    By  T.  Bennett  ..i 27 

2345.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     [The  study  of  entomology.]     <Ent<)m.  Amer., 

March,  1886,  v.  1^  pp.  225-227. 
Remarks  made  at  a  meeting  of  the  A.  A.  A.  S. ;  books  useful  for  beginners. 


352  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2346.  [EiLEY,  C.  v.]     [Habitat  of  Mezium  americanum.]    <Proc.  Ent. 

Soc.  Wash.,  [30  March],  1886,  v.  1,  p.  14. 

Occurrence  of  Mezium  americanum  in  old  hay. 

2347.  [Riley,  0.  V.]     [Arctic  insects.]    <Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  [30 

March],  1886,  v.  1,  pp.  14-15. 
Remarks  on  collection  of  insects  made  at  Point  Barrow,  Alaska;  prevalence 
in  Arctic  regions  of  species  common  to  America  and  Europe ;  occurrence  of 
Urocerus  jiavicornis  in  Alaska. 

2348.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     [Habits  of  Isosoma.]    <Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash., 

[30  March],  1886,  v.  1,  p.  15. 
Phytopbagic  habits  of  the  genus  Isosoma  ;  I.  grande  observed  ovipositing. 

2349.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    [Cranberry  fruit- worm.]    <Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash., 

[30  March],  1886,  v.  1,  p.  15. 
Names  Acrobasis  vaccinii  as  the  well-known  cranberry  fruit-worm. 

2350.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     [Bhyssa  lunator.]    <Proc.  Ent.'  Soc.  Wash.,  [30 

March],  1886,  v.  1,  p.  15. 
States  that  Bhijssa  [=  Thalessa']  lunator  is  parasitic  and  not  lignivorous. " 

2351.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     [Tiphia  and  Bhipiphorus.]     <Proc.  Ent.   Soc. 

Wash.,  [30  March],  1886,  v.  1,  p.  15. 
Refers  to  O.  Lugger's  statements  in  regard  to  the  habits  of  Ti]}hia  and  Bhipi- 
phorus as  manifestly  incorrect. 

2352.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     [Insects  attracted  to  light.]    <Proc.  Ent.  Soc. 

Wash.,  [30  March],  1886,  v.  1,  pp.  15-16. 

Disfigurement  of  buildings  by  the  insects  and  spiders  attracted  to  the  electric 
light  on  the  dome  of  the  Capitol. 

2353.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    [Parasitic  Coleoptera.]    <Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash., 

[30  March],  1886,  v.  1,  p.  16. 
Parasitic  habits  of  Aleochara  anthomyiiv  [_= nitida']. 

2354.  [Riley, C.  V.]    [Scenopmiis.]    <Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  [30  March], 

1886,  V.  1,  p.  16. 
Larva  of  Scenopinus  sp.  infesting  the  blanket  of  a  Navajo  Indian. 

2355.  Riley,  C.  V.    Annual  address  of  the  president.    <Proc.  Ent. 

Soc.  Wash.,  [30  March],  1886,  v.  1,  pp.  17-27. 
Brief  comments  upon  the  histories  or  injuries  of  Agrotis  fennica,  Hadena  de- 
vastatrix,  Nematus  erichsoni,  Phytonomus  pimctatus,  P.  nigrirostris,  Pulvinaria 
innumerabilis,  Sgstoechus  leucophcsus,  and  Phylloxera  rastairix ;  notes  on  the 
egg  parasites  of  the  Acrididw ;  mode  of  oviposition  of  some  Carabidw ;  ad- 
vantages of  Washington  from  an  entomological  standpoint. 

2356.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     [Gall-making  moths.]    <Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash., 

[30  March],  1886,  v.  1,  p.  30. 
Walshia  amorphella,  previously  known  as  a  gall-maker  on  Amorpha  fruticosa, 
bred  from  roots  of  loco  weed;  Euryptychia  saligneana  distinct  from  Pcedisca 
scudderiana. 

2357.  [Riley,  0.  V.]     Sphida,  Grote.]     <Pr6c.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  [30 

March],  1886,  v.l,  p.  30. 

Considers  S.  ohliquata  synonymous  with  Arzama  densa. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  353 

2358.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     [Food  of  Calopteron  and  Photinus.]    <Proc.  Ent. 

Soc.  Wash.,  [30  March],  188G,  v.  1,  p.  31. 
Larva  of  Calopteron  terminale  gregarious  aud  lignivorous;  Photinus  pyralia 
feeds  on  snails. 

2359.  Riley,  C.  V.    A  carnivorous  butterfly  larva.    <Science,  30  April, 

1886,  V.  7,  p.  394. 
Distribution  and  recorded  food-habits  of  Feniaeca  tarquinius ;  Aphididw  the 
notmal  food  of  the  same. 

2360.  Riley,  C.  V.     Entomology.    Professor  Riley  to  Dr.  Shaffer. 

<Daily  Globe  [Keokuk,  Iowa],  2  May,  1886.     S.-b.  No.  63,  p.  30. 

Injuries  of  and  means  against  Abia  caprifolium  l^=Zar(^a  injtata'\. 

2361.  Riley,  C.  V.    A  carnivorous  butterfly  larva. — Piaut-feeding  habit 

of  Feniaeca  tarquinius.     <Amer.  Nat.,  June,  1886,  v.  20,  pp. 
556-557. 
Supposed  food-plants  of  the  larva  of  Feniaeca  tarquiniua ;  first  publication  of 
proof  that  it  feeds  on  plant-lice ;  Schizoneura  tesaellata,  Femphigua  fraxini- 
folii,  and  F.  imbricator  the  species  preyed  upon. 

2362.  Riley,  C.  V.    Th rips— Leaf  hoppers.     <Gardener's  Mo.  and 

Hortic,  June,  1886,  v.  28,  p.  174.    S.-b.  No.  61,  p.  56. 

Letter  to  Duncan  Rhind ;  remedies  against  Erythroneura  viiifex  [=  Typhlocyba 
vitia']. 

2363.  Riley,  C.  V.    Report  of  the  entomologist.    <Ann.  Rept.  [U.  S.] 

Commissioner  Agric.  for  1885,  1886,  pp.  207-343,  1  map,  9  pi. 
Separate:     < Washington:    June,  1886,  pp.  10-fl37-f  10. 

TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 

Introduction 207 

Silk-culture,  207 — Review  of  the  divisional  work  in  silk-culture, 
207 — Necessity  for  a  home  market  for  cocoons,  20a — Proposed  es- 
tablishment of  a  filature  at  Washington,  208 — Silk  culture  in 
France,  209 — Destructive  locusts,  209 — Injurious  insects  of  the 
year,  209 — Correspondence  of  the  Division,  210 — Work  of  the  Di- 
vision in  economic  ornithology,  210 — Establishment  of  an  api- 
cultural  station,  and  the  work  of  the  Division  in  apiculture,  211 — 
Work  of  other  divisional  agents,  212 — Relations  of  the  Division  to 
the  National  Museum,  213 — Publications  of  the  Division,  213 — 
Office  force,  213. 

SlLK-CULTURR 214 

General  work  of  the  division,  214 — Distribution  of  eggs,  214— States 
in  which  greatest  interest  is  felt^  214. 

Distribution  of  mulberry  trees 214 

Number  distributed,  214— Danger  of  indiscriminate  distribution, 
214 — Osage  orange,  214 — Russian  mulberry,  215. 

Distribution  of  eggs 215 

Variety  distributed,  215— Designation  of  races,  215. 

Home-raised  t'«.  imported  eggs 215 

Feeling  against  importation,  215— Reasons  for  importation  last  year, 
215— Provisions  for  the  next  distribution,  216— Eggs  rejected, 
21G — Labor  involved  iu  silk-culture,  216. 
Establi.shiug  of  filatures— Cost  of  producing  reeled  silk 216 

23  ENT 


354  BIBLIOGRAPHY   OF   ECONOMIC   ENTOMOLOGY. 

2363.  EiLEY,  C.  v.— Continued, 
Silk-culture — Continued. 

Importance  of  filatures,  216 — Establishing  of  stations,  217 — Work 
at  Philadelphia  station,  217 — Work  and  results  at  New  Orleans 
filature,  217 — The  Serrell  automatic  silk  reel,  218 — Application  of 
the  saving  of  this  reel  to  New  Orleans  figures,  219. 

Work  on  the  Pacific  coast 219 

Last  season's  experimental  crop,  219 — Incorporation  of  the  Ladies' 

Silk-Culture  Society  of  California,  219 — The  station  at  Piedmont, 

219 — Proposed  work  at  the  station,  220 — Wofkof  the  State  board, 

220 — Attempt  to  fo^m  a  stock  company,  220. 

On  the  precautions  necessary  in  the  production  of  pure  silk-worm 

eggs  and  in  properly  wintering  them 221 

Pasteur's  classification  of  diseases,  221. 

Flaccidity  (Flacherie) 221 

Symptoms  and  consequences,  221 — Action  of  worms,  221—  Color, 
221 — Odor,  221 — Nature  and  treatment,  222 — Microscopic  diagno- 
sis, 222 — The  bacillus  of  flaccidity,  222 — Examination  of  the 
chrysalis,  222. 

P^brine 223 

Symptoms,  223 — The  black  spots,  223 — Microscopic  diagnosis,  223 — 
Appearance  of  chrysalis,  224 — Tests  for  the  determination  of 
p6brine,224 — Difficultyofusing  the  worm  for  test,  224 — Advantage 
of  using  the  moth,  224 — Isolation  and  examination  of  the  moths,  ^ 
224 — Maillot's  method,  224 — Examination  of  chrysalides,  224 — 
Selection  of  cocoons,  225 — Moth  cells,  preparation,  225 — Fasten- 
ings for  cells,  225 — Preparation  of  moth  for  examination,  226 — 
The  corpuscle  of  p^brine,  226. 

Wintering  the  eggs 227 

Colors  of  eggs,  227 — The  micropyle,  227 — Proper  temperature  and 
humidity,  227 — Hibernating  boxes,  228 — Acknowledgments,  228. 

MiSCELLAXEOUS   INSECTS 228 

Destructive  locusts  or  "grasshoppers,"  Acrididce 228 

Unusual  damage,  228 — The  Rocky  Mountain  locust,  228 — Proba- 
bilities for  1886,  229— The  California  migratory  locust,  229 — 
Abundance  the  present  year,  229 — The  destructive  species  in 
previous  years,  230 — Geographical  range,  230 — Characters  of  the 
species,  231 — Remedies,  232 — New  remedy,  232 — Non-migratory 
species,  232 — The  red-legged  locust,  232 — The  difl^"erential  locust, 
233— The  two-striped  locust,  233— The  lesser  locust,  233. 

The  periodical  Cicada,  TiMcen  septendecim 233 

Preparation  of  a  Bulletin,  233 — A  seventeen -year  and  a  thirteen- 
year  race,  234 — Our  announcement  in  1863, 234 — Dr.  Smith's  man- 
uscript, 234 — Dr.  Phares's  earlier  discovery,  234 — Two  distinct 
forms  or  varieties;  specific  value  of  the  different  forms,  234 — 
First  discovery,  234 — Points  of  difference,  235 — How  the  species 
should  be  catalogued,  235 — The  long  period  of  underground  de- 
velopment, 235 — The  food  of  the  larva,  230 — Method  of  burrow- 
ing of  the  larva,  237 — The  transformations,  237 — Rising  of  the 
pupte,  237 — Five  phases  of  ecdysis,  238 — Time  required  for  trans- 
formation, 238 — The  Cicada  vs.  civilization,  238 — Influence  of 
domestic  animals,  238;  of  building  of  towns,  238;  of  the  En- 
glish sparrow,  238 — Song  notes  of  the  Cicada,  239 — Notes  of  other 
insects,  239 — First  or  phar-r-r-r-aoh  note,  239 — Second  note  or 
"screecti,"  240— Third  or  "chirping"  note,  240— Other  notes, 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  355 

2363.  Riley,  C.  V.— Continued. 

Miscellaneous  insects— Continued. 

240— Variation  iu  time  of  appearance,  240— Enemies  of  the 
Cicada,  241— Supposed  sting  of  tlio  Cicada,  241— Oviposition, 
242 — Injury  caused  to  fruit  trees;  remedies  and  preventive  meas- 
ures, 242— Small  injury  in  larva  state,  243— Destruction  of  tlie 
insects  as  they  issue  from  the  ground,  243 ;  by  Pyrethrum  pow- 
der, 243  ;  by  Pyrethrum  water,  243  ;  by  kerosene  emulsion,  244 — 
Experiments  with  substances  that  kill  by  thwarting  exuviation, 
244— Carbolic  acid,  244— Acetic  acid,  245— Alcohol,  245— To  pre- 
vent ovipositing,  245 — Kerosene  emulsion,  245— Consideration  of 
the  two  1885  broods,  246— Circular  letter,  240- Brood  VII,  247— 
Brrtod  XXII,  248 — Points  of  contact  of  the  two  broods,  219 — 
Geographical  distribution  of  Brood  VII,  250— Distribution  of 
Brood  XXII,  251 — Summary  of  distribution  and  future  appear- 
ance of  different  broods,  252 — Indueuce  of  climate  upon  the 
races,  254 — Experiment  in  the  transfer  of  eggs,  255 — Persons 
assisting,  255 — Description  of  the  placing  of  the  diiierent  lots  of 
eggs,  256— The  Cicada  iu  1886,  257. 

The  leather  beetle,  or  toothed  Dermestes,  Bermestea  vulpinus 258 

Injury  to  boots  and  shoes,  258 — History  of  its  occurrence  at  St. 
Louis,  258 — Unrecorded  points  iu  its  habits  and  natural  history, 
259— Food  of  larviB,  259— The  eggs,  2.^9- Growth  of  larvie,  260— 
The  pupa,  261 — The  beetle,  261 — Litigation  growing  out  of  its 
injuries,  261 — History  of  the  Savannah  case,  262 — Remedies, 
263 — Care  and  cleanliness,  263 — Use  of  poisons,  263 — Descriptive, 
264 — Mature  larva,  264 — Differences  between  young  and  old  lar- 
vae, 264. 

The  garden  web- worm,  Eurycreon  rantalia 265 

Great  damage  the  present  year,  265 — A  wide-spread  species,  265 — 
Popular  descriptions  of  different  states,  265 — Former  injuries, 
266 — Localities  of  damage  in  1885,266— Food-plants,  267 — Habits 
and  natural  history,  267 — Number  of  annual  generations,  267 — 
Habits  of  larvje,  268 — Cocoon,  269 — Natural  enemies,  269 — Reme- 
dies, 269 — Arsenical  poisons,  269 — Machine  for  jarring  the  worms 
from  the  plants,  270. 

The  dark-sided  cut- worm,  Agrotis  rnessoria 270 

Injury  to  onions;  new  habit,  270 — Habits  and  natural  history, 
270— Number  of  broods,  270 — Hibernation,  271 — Remedies,  272 — 
Treatment  of  land  in  spring, 272 — Poisoned  balls,  272 — Kerosene 
emnlsions,  272— Jieport  of  John  B.  Smith,  273— Report  of  Thomas 
Bennett,  274. 

The  strawberry  weevil,  Anthonomua  muscnlus 276 

Past  history,  276— In  Maryland,  276— In  Missouri,  276— In  Michi- 
gan, 276 — Injury  in  1885,  276 — Damage  on  Stateu  Island,  276 — 
Habits  aud  natural  history,  277 — Mr.  Smith's  ol>servatious,  277 — 
Diversity  of  habit  in  the  genus,  278— Natural  history  of  other 
species  of  Anthonomna,  278 — Imiuiliuous  species,  279 — .Speicos 
having  difiercnt  habits,  279— Remedies,  279— Wolf's  soap,  279— 
Kerosene  emulsion,  280 — Pyrethrum,  280— Repellants,  280— Char- 
acters and  syuonomy,  280— Descriptive,  281 — Variations  of  A. 
musculus,  282— Comparative  differences  between  A.  muaculm  aud 
A.  suinralis,  282. 

The  peax  midge  or  pear  Diploais,  Diplosia  pyrivora 283 


356  BIBLIOGRAPHY   OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2363.  Elley,  C.  V.— Continued. 

Miscellaneous  Insects— Continued. 

Decisive  steps  for  eradication  recommended,  283 — Life-history  and 
habits,  283 — Laying  of  eggs  and  growth  of  larvjp,  283 — Habits 
of  larvae,  284 — The  cocoou,  284 — One  annual  generation ;  dates 
of  issuance  of  adults,  284 — Parasites,  285 — Remedies,  285 — Is  it 
an  introduced  species?, 285 — Reasons  for  so  considering  it,  285 — 
Schmidberger's  account  of  the  European  pear  midge,  286 — Dr. 
Joseph  Mik's  opinion,  287 — Descriptive,  287 — Imago,  287 — Larva, 
288 — Pupa,  288 — The  classiflcatory  value  of  the  genitalia,  288. 
Reports  of  agents 289 

Report  on  the  locusts  of  the  San  Joaquin  Valley,  Cal.     By  D.  W. 

Coquillett 28U 

Letter  of  transmittal,  289 — Letter  of  instructions,  289 — Location, 
290 — Work  of  the  locusts  in  general,  290 — Species  most  destructive, 
291 — The  devastating  locust,  291 — The  ash-colored  locust,  296 — 
292 — Where  did  these  locusts  hatch  ?,  292 — Consideration  of  sur- 
rounding topography,  293 — How  the  young  locusts  may  be  dis- 
tinguished, 293 — Influence  of  submersion  on  hatching,  294 — Cause 
of  the  abundance  in  this  valley  in  1885,  294 — Early  hatching,  294 — 
Lack  of  rain,  294 — The  diifereutial  locust,  295— Abundance,  295 — 
Egg-pod,  295— Oviposition,  296— Flight,  296 — The  yellow  locust, 
Abundance,  296— Flight,  296— Cannibalism,  296— Oviposition, 
297— Other  species  of  locusts,  297 — Table  showing  relative  abun- 
dance, 297 — Injury  committed  by  the  locusts,  297 — To  grape-vines, 
298— To  grain-fields  and  vegetable-gardens,  298— Natural  enemies, 
298— Birds  and  poultry,  298— Wasps,  298— Mites,  299— Flies,  299— 
Remedies,  299 — Collecting  in  windrows  of  dry  stems  and  then 
burning,  299— Rolling,  300— Kerosene  emulsion,  300— Burning 
sulphur,  300 — Horse  troughs,  300 — Bran,  arsenic,  and  sugar  trap- 
poisoning,  300 — Buhach,  302. 

Report  on  the  abundance  of  the  Rocky  Mountain  locust  in  1885.     By 

L.  Bruner 303 

Letter  of  submittal,  303— The  great  abundance  of  native  species, 
303— Direction  of  flight  of  the  Rocky  Mountain  species,  304 — 
Probabilities  for  1886,  305— Effect  of  weather  upon  probabilities, 
305— Scarcity  of  parasites,  305— Abundance  o{  Melanoplus  atlanis 
and  Camnulapelhidda,  306— List  of  locusts  noticed  in  larger  num- 
bers than  usual,  307. 

Notes  on  locusts  at  and  about  Folsom,  Cal.     By  A.  Koebele 308 

Methods  adopted  by  the  Natoma  Company,  308— Manner  of  flight, 
309 — Time  of  appearance,  309— Losses,  310— Parasites,  310— Poul- 
try, 310. 

Insects  affecting  fall  wheat.     By  F.  M.  Webster 311 

Isosoma  tritici  Riley  and  I.  grande  Riley,311 — Notes  of  breeding,  312 — 
Selection  of  plants,  314— Facts  concerning  oviposition,  314 — 
Influence  of  temperature,  314— No  males  found,  315— The  grain 
Sphenophorns,  315 — Found  in  rye  and  wheat,  315— Oviposition, 
316— Damage  to  straw  and  roots,  316— The  pupa,  316 — Dates  of 
emergence,  316— The  white-grub,  316— Distiuguishe.l  from  Sphe- 
nophorus,  317— The  tarnished  plant  bug,  317— Found  feeding  on 
kernels  of  wheat,  317 — Euschhius  fissiUs,  317 — Deraocoris  [=  Calo- 
coris'\  rapidus,  ^17— DiedrocejjhaJa  Jiaviceps,  318— The  eggs,  318 — 
Injurious  to  oats,  318— The  chinch-bug,  318— Abundance  in  fall 

/       wheat,  318— On  bottle-grass,  318— Parisitized  by  ^er»iis,318— The 
wheat  midge,  318— Breeding  notes,  318— Date  of  emergence,  319. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY   OF   ECONOMIC   ENTOMOLOGY.  357 

2363.  Riley,  C.  V.— Continued. 
Reports  of  Agents— Coutiuued. 

Third  report  on  the  causes  of  destruction  of  the  evergreen  and  other 

forest  trees  in  northern  New  England.   .By  A.  S.  Packard 319 

General  review,  '.VM — Condition  of  tho  spruco  on  t\ui  coast  of  Maine, 
321 — Exemption  from  insect  attack,  '.VZl — Condition  of  tho  hack- 
matack in  1885,  321 — Verification  of  hist  year's  predictions,  322 — 
The  white-pine  weevil,  322 — Eggs,  322 — Larva,  323 — Pnpa  and  its 
cell,  323 — Distinguished  from  other  species,  323— Lilo-history  in 
brief,  324 — Etiects  of  its  work,  324 — Prevention,  32.")— The  spruce 
Epizeuxis,  325 — Discovery  of  food-plant,  32.5 — Compared  with 
other  species,  325— Descriptive,326— The  spruce  plume-moth,  326— 
Habits,  326— Descriptive,  326— The  pine  Pheocyraa,  327— Tho 
evergreen  Cleora,  327— Habits,  327— Descriptive,  327— Th(»  Qr 
Paraphia,  328— Descriptive,  328— The  spruce  Therina,  328— De- 
scriptive, 32'J— The  pine  Therina,  329— The  pine  Amorbia,  329— 
The  V-marked  Caccccia,  329— Habits,  329— Descriptive,  330— Tho 
hickory  Eccopsis,  330— Habits,  330— Descriptive,  331— The  varie- 
gated Eccopsis,  331— Descriptive,  331— The  white-heart  hickory 
Gelechia,  331— Habits,  332— Descriptive,  332— Tho  willow  Teras, 
332— Descriptive,  332— The  purple  willow  Gracilaria,  332— Habits, 
332— Descriptive,  333. 

Report  on  experiments  in  apiculture.     By  N.  W.  McLain 333 

Letter  of  submittal,  333— Economy  in  the  production  of  wax,  334— 
Experiments  in  wax-feeding,  334— Device  for  feeding  sugar  syrup 
and  for  other  purposes,  334— Description,  334— Wintering  bees, 
335— Loss  from  thirst,  335—"  Roaring  in  the  hive,"  336— Device 
for  furnishing  water,  3%— Bees  vs.  fruit,  336— House  built  for  ex- 
periment, 336— Details  of  experiments,  337— Conclusious,  338— 
Fruits  used,  339— Experience  of  Richard  Rees,  339— Artificial 
fertilization,  339— Desirability  of  accomplisWng  it,  339— Recent 
experiments, 340— Experiments  with  larval  and  pupal  ([ueens 
unsuccessful,  340— Experiments  with  imago  queens,  341— Conclu- 
sions and  ground  for  hope,  342— Bee  forage,  342— Improved  races, 
342— Importance  of  apiculture,  342— Statistics,  343— Necessity 
and  scope,  343 -Desirability  of  accurate  crop  reports  of  apiarian 
products,  343. 

2364.  RiLEY,  C.  V.    Miscellaneous  notes  on  the  work  of  the  Division 

of  Entomology  for  the  season  of  1885,  prepared  by  the  Ento- 

mologist.     <Biill.  No.  12,  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dept.  Agric.  [13 

July]"  1886,  46  pp.   1  plate. 

CONTENTS. 
Report  on  the  production  and  mauufacture  of  Buhach.    By  D.  W.  Co- 

quillett - rV' 

Additions  to  the  third  report  on  the  causes  of  the  destruction  of  the 

evergreen  and  other  forest  trees  in  northern  New  England.     By  A.  S. 

Packard,  jr r'n     i oi 

The  periodical  Cicada  in  southeastern  Indiana.     By  A.  W.  Butler 24 

Notes  of  the  year 

2365.  R[iLEY],  C.  V.     Hessian-fly.     <Suppl.  EncyclopcTdia  Britanuica, 

9th  Ed.,  1886,  v.  3,  p.  324,  fig. 
Natural  history,  remedies,  and  figures  of  Cecidomyia  destructor. 


358  BIBLIOGRAPHY   OF   ECONOMIC   ENTOMOLOGY. 

2366.  R[rLEY],  C.  V.    Locust.    <Suppl.  Encyclopaedia  Britannica,  9th 

Ed.,  1886,  V.  3,  pp.  626-628,  fig.,  map. 
Ravages,  life-history,  enemies  of,  and  means  against  Caloptenus  spretus;  mi- 
grations and  their  cause  ;  map  of  the  region  overrun ;  figure  of  adult. 

2367.  Elley,  C.  V.    Some  popular  fallacies  and  some  new  facts  regard- 

ing Cicada  septendecim  L.     <Proc.  Amer.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.  for 
1885,  [August],  1886,  v.  34,  p.  334. 
Variety  cassinii  is  not  the  race  tredecim  of  Tibicen  septendecim ;  twigs  with 
eggs  do  not  necessarily  break  off  or  die  to  insure  the  hatching  of  the  larva. 

2368.  Riley,  C.  V.    Report  of  the  curator  of  the  department  of  insects 

in  the  TJ.  S.  ITational  Museum  for  1884.     <Aun.  Rept.  of  Re- 
gents of  Smith.  Inst,  for  1884,  1885  [1886],  pp.  185-188.  . 
List  of  accessions, with  notes;   recommendations  for  utilizing  the  Glover 
plates  ;  needs  of  the  Department, 

2369.  Riley,  C.  V.    Notes  on  Feniseca  targuinius,  Fabr.     <Ca.  Ent., 

October,  1886,  v.  18,  pp.  191-193. 
Comments  on  article  by  W.  H.  Edwards ;  records  made  at  the  Department  of 
Agriculture  proving  the  carnivorous  habits  of  the  larva  of  Feniseca  tarqui- 
nius. 

2370.  Riley,  0.  V.    Two  useful  lives.    <Sci.  Amer.,  29  January,  1887, 

V.  56,  p.  64.     S.-b.  No.  63,  p.  122.     See:  <Wine  and  Fruit 
Grower,  January,  1887,  v.  9,  p.  10.     S.-b.  No.  61,  pp.  55-56. 

Brief  obituary  notices  of  Louis  Bazille  and  Jules  Lichtenstein. 

2371.  Riley,  C.  V.    Mr.  Hulst's  observations  on  Pronuba  yiiccasella. 

<Entom.  Amer.,  March,  1887,  v.  2,  pp.  233-236. 

Criticism  of  the  observations  of  G.  D.  Hulst;  summary  of  the  method  of  ovi- 
positioQ  of  Protiuha  yuccasella;  pollination  of  Yucca  by  the  same. 

2372.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]    Fruit  pest  extermination.     <San  Diego  Mirror, 

5  April,  1887.    S.-b.  No.  63,  pp.  88-89. 
Means  against  Coccidce. 

2373.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    [Californian  orange  insects.]     <Daily  Herald 

[Los  Angeles],  9  April,  1887.    S.-b.  No.  63,  p.  88. 
Means  against  Coccidce. 

2374.  [Riley,  C.  V.]    Our  bugs.    <San  Francisco  Daily  Examiner,  16 

April,  1887.     S.-b.  No.  63,  p.  80 ;  86-87. 
Food-plants,  ravages,  and  means  against  the  white-scale. 

2375.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     [Remedies  and  appliances.]     <Press  and  Horti- 

culturist, 16  April,  1887.     S.-b.  No.  61,  pp.  82-84, 
Replies  to  inquiries  made  at  the  annual  convention  of  the  State  Board  of  Hor- 
ticulture of  California;  means  against  the  codlin-moth;  methods  of  spray- 
ing ;  differences  between  allied  scales ;  their  methods  of  dispersal  and  means 
against  them, 

2376.  Riley,  C.  V.    Bumble-bees  vs.  red-clover.    <Rural  New-Yorker, 

23  April,  1887,  v.  46,  p.  270.     S.-b.  No.  61,  pp.  36-37, 
Revival  of  unsettled  questions ;  red-clover  sterile  in  the  absence  of  bumble- 
bees in  New  Zealand;  some  fertilization  by  other  insects  probable  ;  intro- 
duction of  bumble-bees  into  New  Zealand ;  their  rapid  propagation  there  ; 
beneficial  effects  on  red-clover. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  359 

2377.  EiLET,  C.  V.    Tonnfj  grasshoppers.    <San  Francisco  Examiner, 

25  April,  1887.     S.-b.  No.  G3,  p.  85. 
Interview  with  reporter ;  ravages  of  and  means  against  Melanoplua  [=  Calop- 
itnus'\  devastator. 

2378.  Riley,  C.  V.     Our  shade  trees  and  their  insect  defoliators.    Be- 

ing a  consideration  of  the  four  most  injurious  species  which 
affect  the  trees  of  the  capital ;  with  means  of  destroying  tliem. 
<Bull.  No.  10,  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.Dept.  Agric.  [7  May],  1887,  09,  pp. 
27  figs. 

CONTENTS. 

Letter  of  sub^httal 5 

Introduction 7 

fopr  principal  leaf-eaters 8 

The  impoitecl  elm  leaf-beetle,  Galeruca  xanthomelcena 8 

An  importation  from  Europe 8 

Habits  and  natural  history 8 

Remedies II 

More  recent  experience  at  the  Department 14 

Past  history  of  the  elms  in  qnestiou,  14 — Condition  and  charac- 
teristics of  the  grove  in  1682  and  1883,  14 — Extent  of  injury  in 
1882  and  1883,  14 — Preferences  of  the  elm  beetles  for  certain 
varieties,  15 — Effects  of  arsenical  poisons  on  insect  and  plant, 
15 — Preventive  effects  of  the  poison,  16 — Treatment  with  Lon- 
don purple,  17 — Preparation  of  the  poison,  17 — Effects  of  the 
mixture,  17 — Treatment  with  Paris  green,  18 — Mechanical 
means  of  applying  the  poison,  19. 

The  bag-worm,  Thyrldopterifx  ephemerw/ormis 22 

Habits  and  natural  history 22 

The   eggs,  22— The  larva  and  its  bag,  23— Pupation,  25 — The 
•  imago  or  perfect  insect,  25. 

Geographical  distribution 26 

Food-plants 27 

Enemies 27 

The  white-marked  tussock-moth,  Orgyia  leucoatigma 29 

Habits  and  natural  history 29 

The  eggs,  29 — Development  and  characters  of  the  larva,  29 — 
Habitsof  the  larva,  30— Pupation,  30— The  imago,  30— Hiberna- 
tion, 31 — Number  of  annual  generations,  31. 

Food-plants 31 

Natural  enemies  and  parasites 31 

Geographical  distribution ^3 

The  fall  web-worm,  Bi/jihantria  cunea 33 

Natural  history 33 

Limitation  of  broods,  33— The  eggs,  34— The  larva,  35— Pupa  and 
cocoon,  .31')- The  moth,  36. 

Injury  done  in  1886 37 

Proportionate  injury  to  different  plants  and  shade  trees 40 

Peculiar  tffcct  of  defoliation  upon  some  plants 42 

Enemies  of  the  web-worm  other  than  insects 43 

Predaceous  insect  enemies '•■• 

Fungus  diseases  of  the  web- worm 46 

Experiments  to  obtain  percentage  of  diseased  caterpillars,  47. 


360  BIBLIOGRAPHY   OF   ECONOMIC   ENTOMOLOGY. 

2378.  EiLET,  C.  v.— Continued. 
Contents — Continued. 

The  parasites  of  the  web- worm ..  48 

Telenomus  hifidiis  Riley,  48 — Meteorus  hypliantricB  Riley,  49 — Apan- 
teles  liypliantriw  Riley,  50 — Limneria  pallipes  Pro  v.,  51 — Tachina 
sp.,  52. 

Summary  of  the  habits  op  the  four  species 53 

Remedies  and  preventive  measures 55 

Winter  work - 55 

One  simple  preventive  remedy  for  all 55 

Pruning  and  burning 59 

Mulching 60 

Influence  of  tree-boxes 60 

Whitewashing  of  trunks 61 

Birds:  The  English  sparrow 62 

The  future  OF  OUR  TREES.    Pruning 63 

Trees  which  are  uninjured 64 

Good  and  bad  effects  of  our  trees 64 

Prospects  the  coming  season.    Conclusion 65 

Index 67 

2379.  EiLEY,  O.  V.    Eemarks  on  the  insect  defoliators  of  our  shade- 

trees.     <New  York,  1887,  t-p.-f  12  pp. 
Report  of  address  made  before  the  New  York  farmers,  10  March,  1887  ;  ravages 
and  means  against  Gahruca  xaiithomelcena,  Thyridopteryx  ephemercBformis, 
Orgyia  leucostigma  and  Hypliantria  cunea. 

2380.  EiLEY,  C.  V.     Variable  moulting  in  Orgyia.    <Ent.  Mo.  Mag., 

May,  1887,  v.  23,  p.  274. 

The  female  of  Orgyia  leucostigma  undergoes  four  molts,  the  male  undergoes 
three ;  tendency  of  individual  larvsa  of  all  orders  to  vary  from  the  normal 
number  in  the  species ;  whenever  there  is  a  discrepancy  in  size  of  the  sexes 
the  smaller  undergoes  a  less  number  of  molts ;  number  of  molts  when 
not  sexual  dependent  on  food  supply;  molting  correlated  with  rate  of 
growth  and  nutrition. 

2381.  EiLEY,  C.  V.    Pedigree  moth-breeding.     <Ent.  Mo.  Mag,,  May, 

1887,  V.  23,  pp.  277-278. 
Recommends  Sericaria  mori  as  the  most  favorable  insect  to  experiment  with ; 
its  tendency  to  vary  under  new  conditions. 

2382.  EiLBY,  C.  V.    Eeports  of  observations  and  experiments  in  tho 

practical  work  of  the  division,  made  under  the  direction  of  the 
entomologist.  <Bull.  No.  13,  Dlv.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dept.  Agric. 
[3  June],  1887,  78  pp.,  4  figs. 

CONTENTS. 

Introduction 7 

Report  on  locusts  in  Texas  in  the  spring  of  1886.     By  L.  Bruner 9 

Fourth  report  on  insects  injuring  forest  and  shade  trees.    By  A.  S.  Pack- 
ard, jr  20 

Report  on  Nebraska  insects.     By  L.  Bruner 33 

Tests  with  insecticides  on  garden  insects.     By  W.  B.  Alwood 38 

Report  on  Ohio  insects.    By  W.  B.  Alwood .- 48 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OP   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  361 

2382.  Riley,  C.  V.— Continued. 

Contents — Continued. 
A  record  of  sonic  experiments  relating  to  the  eflFect  of  the  puncture  of 
some  beuiipterons  insects  upon  shrubs,  fruits,  and  grains,  Irttit).    By 

F.  M.  Webster r,4 

Notes  from  Missouri  for  the  season  of  1830.     By  M.  E.  Murtfeldt ."iO 

Apicultural  experiments.     By  N.  W.  McLain fiG 

2383.  Riley,  C.  V.    A  new  apple  pest.     <Sci.  Amer.,  18  June,  1887, 

V.  56,  p.  384.  S.-b.  No.  61,  p.  50.  <Colman's  Rural  World,  L>3 
June,  1887,  v.  40,  p.  185.  S.-b.  No.  61,  p.  112.  <Gu(lener's 
Mo.  and  Hortic,  July,  1887,  v.  29,  p.  210.  S.-b.  No.  01,  p.  HI ; 
138;  148. 
Food-plants,  habits,  de8crii)tion  of  larva  and  adult  of  Ilaltica  puncli2>cnni8; 
the  species  subdued  by  arsenical  poisons. 

2384.  Riley,  C.  V.    A  destructive  cricket  in   Louisiana.     <Florida 

Dispatch,  20  June,  1887,  v.  7,  p.  576.  S.-b.  No.  01,  pp.  64-65. 
Reprint :  < Insect  Life,  2  October,  1888,  v.  1,  pp.  87-88. 

Ravages  and  means  against  Gryllus  sp.,  destructive  to  cotton,  peas,  tobacco, 
sweet  and  Irish  potatoes. 

2385.  Riley,  C.  V.     Strawberry  borers.    <Pacific  Rural  Press,  25  June, 

1887,  V.  33,  p.  559.     S.-b.  No.  61,  p.  90  ;  No.  63,  p.  110. 
Letter  to  I,  A.  Wilcox  ;  recommends  bisulphide  of  carbon  as  a  means  against 
JEgeria  impropria. 

23S6.  Riley,  C.  V.    Life-history  of  the  Icerya.     <Pacific  Rural  Press, 
25  June,  1887,  v.  33-34,  p.  565;  2  July,  p.  9.     S.-b.  No.  61,  pp. 
60-64,  9  figs. 
From  advance  proof  of  Report  of  U.  S.  Commissioner  of  Agriculture  for  1886. 
See  No.  2394  for  synopsis  of  contents. 

2387.  [Riley,  C.  v.]     Cut-worms.     <Pacific  Rural  Press,  25  June,  1887, 

Y.  33,  p.  578.     S.-b.  No.  63,  p.  108. 

Means  against  cut-worms. 

2388.  Riley,  C.  V.  Reports  of  observations  and  experiments  in  the 

practical  work  of  the  division  made  under  the  direction  of  the 
entomologist.  <Bull.  No.  14,  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dent.  Agric. 
[3  August],  1887,  62  pp.,  1  pi.,  4  figs. 

CONTENTS. 

Introduction ^ 

Report  on  Insects  injurious  to  garden  crops  in  Florida.    By  W.  H.  Ash- 
mead  9 

Report  on  buflfalo  gnats.     By  F.  M.  Webster i^J 

Native  plums.     How  to  fruit  them.    They  are  claimed  to  be  practically 

Curculio-proof.     By  D.  B.  Wier 3J 

The  Serrell  automatic  silk-reel.     By  P.  Walker 52 

2389.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  Icerya  or  fluted  .scale,  otherwi.se  known  as  the 

cottony  cushion-scale.  <Bull.  No.  15,  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dept. 
Agric.  fl8  August],  1887,  40  i)p.  <San  Diego  Union,  16  April, 
1887.    S.-b.  No.  01,  pp.  90-97.    <Los  Angeles,  13  April,  1887. 


362  BIBLIOGRAPHY   OF   ECONOMIC   ENTOMOLOGY. 

2389.  ElLEY,  C.  v.— Continued. 

S.-b.  No.  61,  pp.  97-104.  <Los  Angeles  Tribune,  14  April, 
1887.  S.-b.  No.  61,  pp.  104-111.  See :  <Pacific  Eural  Press, 
23  April,  1887,  v.  33,  pp.  361-362;  364.  S.-b.  No.  61,  p.  48;  No. 
63,  p.  76.  <Riversiae  Daily  Press,  12,  13  April,  1887.  S.-b. 
No.  61,  pp.  65-68;  No.  63,  pp.  98-105.  <Press  and  Horticult- 
urist, 16  April,  1887.  S.-b.  No.  61,  pp.  74-82.  <Florida  .Dis- 
patch, 2  May,  1887,  v.  7,  pp.  385-388.  S.-b.  No.  63,  pp.  75 ;  77. 
<Pacific  Rural  Press,  2  July,  1887,  v.  34,  p.  9. 

CONTENTS. 

Letter  of  submittal 5 

Introductiou 7 

The  scale-insects  of  the   orange  in   California,  and  particularly  the 

leery  a  or  fluted  scale,  etc 9 

Notes   on   Icerya — Its  probable   origin  the  Islands  of    Bourbon   and 

Mauritius 27 

The  use  of  gasea  against  scale-insects 35 

2390.  [Riley,  C.Y.]     [Classification  of  insects.]     <Bntom.  Amer.,  Sep- 

tember 1887,  V.  3,  p.  102. 
Comments  on  the  address  of  J.  H.  Comstock  before  the  A.  A.  A.  S. 
2301.  [RiLEY,  C.  v.]     [Pronuba  and  its  connection  with  the  pollination 
of  Yticca.]     <Entom.  Amer.,  September,  1887,  v.  3,  pp.  107-108. 
Record  of  the  results  of  recent  experiments  on  the  pollination  of  Yucca  and 
the  agency  of  Pronuba  in  this  work. 

2392.  Riley,  C.  V.    Beschreibung  einer  den  Birnen  schadlichen  Gall- 

miicke  C?  Biplosis  nigra  Meig.).     < Wiener  Entomol.  Zeit.,  Sep- 
tember, 1887,  V.  6,  pp.  201-206,  3  figs. 
Discovery  of  the  species  in  America ;  its  habits  and  life-history ;  detailed  de- 
scription of  all  stages ;  possible  difference  between  European  and  American 
specimens;  suggests  D.  pyrivora  for  the  latter,  if  distinct. 

2393.  Riley,  C.  V.     Some  important  discoveries  in  the  life-history  of 

the  hop-plant  louse  {Phorodon  huniuli  Schrank).  <Soc.  for 
Prom.  Agric.  Sci.,  September,  1887, 1,  No.  9,  p.  205.  Reprint: 
<Sci.  Amer.  Suppl.,  24  September,  1887,  v.  24,  p.  9781.  S.-b. 
No.  61,  pp.  117-119.  <Gardener's  Mo.  and  Hortic,  October, 
1887,  V.  pp.  309-311.  S.-b.  No.  61,  p.  124. 
R^sum6  of  recent  discoveries  iu  the  life-history  oi  Phorodon  liumuli ;  proof  of 
its  migration  from  plum  to  hop  ;  life  of  the  egg  on  x>lnni  iu  winter ;  spring 
migration  to  hop  ;  number  of  broods  thus  far  observed  ;  probable  course  of 
later  broods. 

2394.  Riley,  C.  Y.    Report  of  the  entomologist.     <  Ann.  Rept.  [U.  S.] 

Commissioner  Agric.  for  1886, 1887,  pp.  459-592,  11  pi.  Sep- 
arate :  <Washington,  September,  1887,  pp.  459-592 -f  6+9, 11  pi. 

table  OF  CONTENTS. 

Introduction 459 

Fruit  interests  of  the  Pacific  coast,  459 — Cottony  cushion-scale 
(Icerya  purchasi),  459 — Kerosene  emulsions,  459 — Caustic  soda 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  363 

2394.  Riley,  C.  V.— Coutinued- 

Table  of  Contents — Coutiuued. 

aucl  caustic  potash,  459— Remedy  for  the  California  red-seal© 
{Aspidiotus  aitrantii),  4(50— Experimouts  made  by  Mr.  Coqnillett 
and  Mr.  Kuobelc,  4()0— Emulsifyiiijj  oil,  400— Soul bcni  butValo 
gnats,  4G1— Kcsnlts  oK  iuvestigatious  made  ou  the  Southern 
buffiilo  guat  and  the  turkey  guat,  4GI— Coiumou  fall  web-worm 
{Hyphantria  citiiea),  401 — Imported  el:u-leaf  beetle,  4G1— Spray- 
ing appliances,  4t!l — AUeruatiou  of  generation  with  the  joint- 
worms,  462— Injurious  insects  of  the  year,  462— Hop  Aphis  (PAo- 
rodon  huniuli),  462 — Serrell  automatic  reel  for  silk,  462 — Api- 
cultural  htatiou  at  Aurora,  111.,  462— Work  of  the  Division  of 
economic  ornithology,  462— International  exhibition  of  ma- 
chinery and  contrivances  for  applied  remedies  against  fungi 
and  insects  at  Florence, 464 — Publications  of  the  Division  during 
the  year,  464— Proposed  publications,  464 — Work  of  field  agents, 
465 — Office  force,  465. 
Miscellaneous  insect  ; 466 

The  cottony  cushion-scale,  Icerya  purchasi 466 

Introductory,  466 — Geographical  distribution,  466— lu  Australia, 
466— In  Cape  Colony^  467— In  New  Zealand,  467— Importation 
of  the  species  into  California,  468 — Its  spread  and  present  limi- 
tation in  California,  469— Food-plants,  471 — Original  food-plant 
of  Icerya  purchasi,  471 — Its  food-plants  in  South  Africa,  471— 
Its  food-plants  in  New  Zealand,  472— Its  food-plants  in  Cali- 
fornia, 472 — Characters  and  life-history,  474— The  egg,  475 — 
The  female  larva,  first  stage,  47.5 — Female  larva,  second  stage, 
476 — Female  larva,  third  stage,  476 — The  adult  female,  fourth 
stage,  477 — The  egg-sac,  478— The  male  larva,  probable  sec- 
ond stage,  47d — Male  larva,  third  stage,  479 — The  male  pupa 
and  cocoon,  479— The  adult  male,  480 — Rate  of  growth  of  the 
different  stages,  481 — Habits,  481 — Exudation  of  the  honey- 
dew,  482 — Mode  of  spread  and  distribution,  483 — Natural  ene- 
mies, 484— Birds,  484 — Predaceous insects,  484 — Parasites,  487  — 
Remedies  and  preventive  measures,  488 — Importation  of  para- 
sites, 488 — Preventive  action,  489 — Spraying  with  insecticides, 
489 — Fumigating,  491 — Bandages  around  the  trunk,  491 — Con- 
clusion, 491. 

Buffalo  gnats 492 

The  Southern  buffalo  gnat,  SimuUuni pecuarum 493 

Geographical  distribution,  493 — Early  history,  493 — Time  of  ap- 
pearance, 494 — Duration  of  an  invasion,  494 — Character  of  a 
swarm,  495 — Mode  of  attack,  496 — Animals  injured,  497 — Effect 
of  the  bites,  497 — IIow  animals  protect  themselves,  498 — Pre- 
ventives, 499 — Remedies  for  thebites,. 501 — Att.ickingman,  501 — 
Damage  done  in  various  years,  501 — Popularopinions  about  the 
early  states  of  the  buffalo  gnats,  502— Habits  and  natural  his- 
tory, 503— The  egg,  503— The  larva,  505— Habits  of  the  larva), 
505 — Food  of  the  larva?,  507— Pupa  and  cocoon,  508— The  imago, 
509_Numberof  broods,  509— Enemies  of  the  buffalo  gnat,  510 — 
Descriptive,  511 — SimiiUiim  pecuarum  n.  sp.,  512— 5imu/i«iB  me- 
ridionah  n.  sp.,  513— Remedies  tried  and  proposed  against  the 
larvae,  514 — Overflows  and  buffalo  gnats,  515. 


364  BIBLIOGRAPHY   OF   ECONOMIC   ENTOMOLOGY. 

2394.  EiLEY,  C.  v.— Continued. 

Takle  of  Coxtexts — Continued. 

The  fall  web- worm,  Hypliantria  cunea 518 

Natural  history,  518 — Limitation  of  broods,  518 — The  egg9,519 — 
The  larvae,  519 — Pupa  and  cocoon,  520 — The  moth,  520 — Injury 
done  in  1886,  521 — Proportionate  injury  to  different  plants  and 
shade  trees,  522 — Peculiar  effect  of  defoliation  upon  some 
plants,  525 — Enemies  of  the  web-worm  other  than  insects, 
525 — Predaceous  insect  enemies,  520 — Fungus  disease  of  the 
web-worm,  527 — Experiments  to  obtain  percentage  of  diseased 
caterpillars,  529 — True  parasites  of  the  web-worm,  530 — Sec- 
ondary parasites,  530 — The  Telenomus  egg-parasite,  531 — The 
Meteorus  parasite  of  the  web- worm,  531 — The  Microgaster  par- 
asite of  the  web-worm,  533 — The  Limneria  parasite  of  the  web- 
worm,  534 — The  Tachina  parasite  of  the  web-worm,  534 — Rem- 
edies, 535 — Pruning  and  burning,  535 — Mulching,  536 — Arsen- 
ical poisons,  536 — Emulsions  of  kerosene,  538 — Naphtha,  538. 

Joint-worms,  Isosoma  sp 539 

The  common  joint-worm,  539 — Its  occurrence  in  Virginia  in  1885, 
539 — Other  recent  aj)pearances,  540 — Its  identity  with  /.  nigrum 
Cook,  541 — Parasites,  542 — The  wheat-straw  Isosoma,  542 — 
Dimorphism  of  I.  Mtici  and  /.  grande,  543 — Occurs  in  California, 
544— In  Kansas,  545 — Parasites,  546. 

Silk  CULTURE 546 

Appropriations  for  the  cuixent  year,  546 — Establishment  of  a  fil- 
ature at  Washington,  546 — Osage  orange  vs.  mulberry,  546 — 
Rendition  of  osage  cocoons,  547 — Mr.  Serrell's  opinion,  547 — 
Satinage,  547 — The  Serrell  reel ;  cost  of  work  up  to  the  present 
time,  548 — Expenses  tabulated,  548 — Chances  for  improvement, 
549 — Distribution  of  eggs,  549 — Reasons  for  purchasing  foreign 
.  6ggs,  549 — Improper  choking  of  cocoons,  550 — A  simple  appa- 

ratus for  choking,  551 — Cocoons  produced  in  the  United  States 
in  1886,  551— Tabulated  by  States,  552. 

Report  of  agents 552 

Report  on  remedies  for  the  cottony  cushion-scale.     By  D.  W.  Co- 

quillett 552 

"Letter  of  transmittal,  552 — General  considerations,  553 — Caustic 
potash,  554— -Caustic  soda,  555 — Hard  soap,  555 — Soft  soap,  555 — 
Kerosene  emulsions,  556 — Tobacco,  556 — Sheep  dij>,  557 — To- 
bacco soap,  557 — Vinegar,  557 — Paris  green,  557. 
Repoift  upon  supplementary  experiments  on  the  cottony  cushion- 
scale,  followed  by  a  report  on  experiments  on  the  red-scale. 

By  A.  Koebele 558 

Letter  of  transmittal,  558 — Introductory,  558 — Soap  solutions, 
558 — Preparation  of  soap,  559 — Resin  compounds,  559 — Lye  so- 
lution, 560 — Bisulphide  of  carbon,  560 — Kerosene  emulsion, 
560 — Experiments,  560 — Experiments  on  fumigation  with  bi- 
sulphide of  carbon,  569 — Experiments  on  red-scale  {Aspidlotus 
aHra«<n),569. 

Insects  affecting  small  grains  and  grasses.    By  F.  M.  Webster .      573 

Letter  of  transmittal,  573. 

Insects  affecting  fall  wheat 573 

The  wheat-straw  Isosovaa.  {Isosoma  tritid,  Riley),  573 — The  Amer- 
ican Meromyza  (Meromyza  americana,  Fitch),  574 — The  com- 
panion wheat  fly  {Oscinisf  sp.),  574. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  365 

2394.  Riley,  C.  V.— Contiuued. 
Table  of  Contents— Continued. 

Insects  affecting  barley _,_        575 

The  wbite-grub   (Laclaiostenia  fimca,  Frohl.),  r)7r)-Tlio  barley 
root-louse  (•^'^c/iiroiieum  ep.),  575— The  grain  Aphis  (5i>/(onoj»/iom 
avencF,  Fab.),  576. 
Insects  frequenting  or  depredating  upon  buckwheat 576 

Supposed    exemption   from   insects,  576— Mode  of  ol>8ervation, 
57(5— Signification  of  symbols,  576— List  of  insects,  576. 
Insects  alfecting  timothy,  578. 

The  glassy  cut- worm  {Eadcna  devasiatrix,  Brace),  57rf— Outbreak 
in  Indiana  in  1886,  578— Doubt  as  to  species  concerned,  578 — 
Method  of  work,  579— Traveling,  579— Parasites,  579— Damage, 
580— Condition  of  fields  in  October,  580— The  grain  Spheno- 
phorus  (Sphenojjhorus  parvulua,  Gyll.),  580. 
Insects  affecting  white-clover 580 

The  flavescent  clover  weevil  (Sitones  fiuvescens,  Ailard),  580— 
Infests  alsike,  580— Mode  of  attack,  580— Distribution,  580— 
Eggs  and  larv;e,  580— Hibernation,  580— Summary  of  life-his- 
tory, 581 — The  clover-stem  maggot  (Oscinis  sp.),  582— Descrip- 
tive, 581 — Time  and  place  of  oviposition,  581 — Number  of 
broods,  581. 
Report  on  experiments  in  apiculture.     By  N.  W.  McLain 583 

Letter  of  transmittal,  583 — The  "quaking  disease,"  583 — Nature 
of  the  disease,  583 — Odor  of  infested  hives,  583— Treatment 
with  brine  and  soda,  583 — Another  form  of  the  disease,  584 — 
The  foul-brood  disease,  584 — It  is  contagious,  584 — Live  pollen 
the  medium,  584 — Treatment,  584 — Results  of  treatment,  585 — 
How  the  disease  spreads,  587 — The  control  of  reproduction, 
587 — Difficulties,  587 — Experiments  in  1885,  588 — Device  for 
holding  the  queen,  588 — Differences  in  drones,  589 — Proportion 
of  impotent  individuals,  5c9 — Mr.  Baldwin's  experiments  at 
Clarksville,  Mo.,  589 — Comments,  590 — Fertilization  in  con- 
finement, 590 — Apparatus,  590 — Results  of  experiments,  590 — 
Proposed  experiments,  591. 

2395.  Riley,  C.  V.    The  Hessian-fly  in  England ;  -its  origin ;  its  past; 

its  future.     <London  Times,  17  October,  1887.     S.b.  No.  61, 
pp.  144-147. 
Date  of  the  introduction  of  Ceddomyia  destructor  into  England;  probability 
that  it  has  been  introduced  from  continental  Europe  since  the  time  of 
Curtis;  conditions  in  Great  Britain  unfavoraljle  for  its  increase. 

2396.  R'lLEY,  C.  V.     The  problem  of  the  hop  plant  louse  fully  solved. 

<Gardener's  Chronicle,  22  October,   1887.     S.-b.  No.  61,  i)p. 
133-135.     Reprint:  <Mark  Lane  E.\i)re.ss,  31  October,  1887,  v. 
57,  pp.  135-137.     S.-b.  No.  63,  pp.  136-140. 
Life-history,  migrations,  aud  mode  of  hil)ernatii>n  of  Phorodon  humiili. 

2397.  Riley,  C.  V.    On  the  luminous  larviform  females  of  the  Phengo- 

dini.     <Ent.  Uo.  Mag.,  [December],  1887,  v.  24,  pp.  148-14!). 

Structural  characters  of  the  larval  Pliengodini :  food  of  Zarhipix  ;  iliaraiters 
of  eggs,  young  larv:e,  and  female  lai-va'  of  Zarh'tpis  and  I'hengodvs;  female 
Phengodini  considered  an  archetypal  hexapodal  form ;  relations  between 
phosphorescence  and  differentiation  of  the  sexes. 


366  BIBLIOGEAPHY    OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2398.  EiLEY,  C.  V.     [Introduction  of  the  Hessian-fly  into  England.] 

<Traus.  Ent.  Soc.  London,  [December],  1887,  i>p.  45-48,  Proc. 
DiscussioQ  of  the  date  of  iatroduction  of  Cecidomyia  destructor  into  America 
and  England;  concludes  from  a  study  of  the  historical  evidence,  the  dis- 
tribution and  parasites  of  the  insect,  that  it  was  probably  introduced  into 
England  about  three  or  four  years  ago. 

2399.  Riley,  C.  V.     Poisonous  insects.     <Reference  Handbook  of  tbe 

Medical  Sciences,  1887,  v.  5,  pp.  741-760,  figs.  2971-3020. 

An  exhaustive  illustrative  review  of  the  Arachnida,  Myriapoda,  and  Hexapoda 
which  secrete  a  poison  injurious  to  man  ;  descriptions  of  their  life-histories ; 
the  manner  in  which  the  injury  is  inflicted  and  the  remedies  for  the  same. 

2400.  Riley,  C.  V.    Tbe  problem  of  tbe  hop-plant  louse  [PJiorodon 

humuli,  Scbrauk]  in  Europe  and  America.  <Rept.  Brit.  Assoc. 
Adv.  Sci.,  1887,  pp.  750-753.  Separate:  <pp.  1-3.  See: 
< Nature,  13  October,  1887,  v.  36,  pp.  566-567.  <Gardener's 
Chronicle,  17  September,  1887.  S.-b.  No.  61,  pp.  333-334. 
Life-habits  of  Phorodon  humuli;  effects  of  extreme  heat  and  of  meterological" 
conditions ;  natural  enemies  and  means  against  the  Phorodon. 

2401.  Riley,  0.  V.    On  Icerya  purchasi,  an  insect  injurious  to  fruit 

trees.     <Rept.  Brit.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.,  1887,  p.  767.    Separate: 
<p.  1.     See :  <Nature,  20  October,  1887,  v.  36,  p.  592. 
Summary  statement  of  food-plants,  original  home,  synonomy,  and  means 
against  Icerya  purchasi.  • 

2402.  Riley,  C.  V.    On  the  luminous  larviform  females  in  the  Phengo- 

clini.  <Rept.  Brit.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.,  1887,  pp.  760-761.  Sep- 
arate: <pp.  1-2.  See:  <Entom.  Amer.,  September,  1887,  v.  3, 
p.  107.  <Proc.  Amer.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.,  1887  [May,  1888],  v.  30, 
p.  262. 
R6sum6  of  facts  relating  to  the  history,  characters,  and  life-habits  of  the 
luminous  larviform  females  in  the  Phengodini ;  bearing  of  these  facts  on 
the  theory  of  evolution. 

2403.  Riley,  C.  V.     [Scale  on  Euonymus  latifoUa'^i]     <Sci.  Amer.,  14 

January,  1888,  v.  58,  p.  27.     S.-b.  No.  61,  p.  148. 
Means  against  Chionaspis  euonynii  and  other  Coccidce',  formulae  of  kerosene 
emulsions. 

2404.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]    [Larval  habits  of  Lixus.]    <Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash., 

[13  March],  1888,  v.  1,  p.  33. 
Lixus  macer  bred  from  stems  of  Chenopodium  hybridum  and  from  Heliantkua; 
larva  of  L.  jtarcus  a  gall  producer  on  stems  of  Amelanchier. 

2405.  [RiLEY,  C.  v.]     [Girdling  habits  of  Pcedisca  ohfnscata.]     <Proc. 

Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  |13  March],  1888,  v.  1,  p.  33. 
Larva  of  P.  ob/iiscata  spins  a  web  over  the  oriiice  at  the  amputated  end. 

2406.  [Riley,  C.  Y.]     [Early  stages  of  ApJiorista  vittafa  and  JEpipocus 

punctatus.]    <Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  [13  March],  1888,  v.  1, 
p.  37. 
Comparative  characters  between  corresponding  stages  of  the  two  species. 


•BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  367 

2407.  [KiLEY,  C.  v.]     [Food-babits  of  Feniseca  tarquinim.]     <Proc. 

Eiit.  Soc.  Wash.,  [13  March],  1888,  %»  1,  p.  37. 

List  ut'  Aphididw  preyed  upou  by  larvm  of/',  tarquinius. 

2408.  [Riley,  C.  V.|     Notes  on  Phengodcs  aud  Zarhipis.    <Proc.  Eiit. 

Soc.  Wash.,  [13  March],  1888,  v.  1,  pp.  02-03. 
Structural  characters  of  the  luminous  larv:e  of  riuti;/odvn  aud  Zarhipin  aud  of 
au  nanamed  form  from  Nevada;  difference  between  the  perfect  female  aud 

the  larva. 

I 

2409.  [Riley,  C.  Y.J     [Trees  injured  by  si)i(ler,s.]     <Proc.  Eirt.  Hoc. 

Wash.,  [13  March],  1S8S,  v.  1,  p.  84. 
Growth  of  trees  retarded  by  spider-webs. 

2410.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     [Remarks  on  exhibited  specimens.]     <Proc.  Ent. 

Soc.  Wash.,  [13  March],  1888,  v.  1,  p[).  84-80. 

1.  Notes  on  the  life-habits  of  JUijeriidw.  Habits  and  early  stages  of  MeliUia 
gloriosa,  Sciapteron  robinice,Phemome  5-caudata,  J^geria  impropria,  A.  albicor- 
7iis,  and  A.  pyri. 

2.  Color  variation  in  the  larva  of  Agraulia  vaniUw.  Coloratioual  variation 
between  eastern  and  western  larvie  of  A.  vanillcv. 

3.  Miscellaneous  insects.  Food-plants  of  Eumenia  atala  and  Cloantha  derupta; 
habitat  of  Dendrotettix  quercus  n.  g.  et  ep. 

2411.  Riley,  C.  V.     Further  notes  on  Phengodes  and  Zarliipis.    <Proc. 

Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  [13  March],  1888,  v.  1,  pp.  80-87. 
Comparative  characters  of  the  larviE  of  Phengoden  aud  Zarhipis ;  life-habits 
and  metamorphoses  of  the  same  ;  coloration.d  aud  struct  nral  characters  of 
the  larva  and  larviform  female  of  Zarhipis;  description  of  the  egj^s  of  Zar- 
hipis. 

2412.  [Riley,  C.  V.]     [Remarks  on  exhibited  specimens.]     <Proc.  Ent. 

Soc.  Wash.,  [13  March],  1888,  v.  1,  pp.  87-89. 

1.  Notes  on  the  eversible  glands  in  larviE  of  Orgyia  and  Parorgyia,  witli  notes 
on  the  synonomy  of  species.  Presence  of  glands,  probatily  scent  orgaus,  iu 
the  larviB  of  Orgyia  and  Parorgyia;  syuonomy  aud  food-plants  of  some  spe- 
cies of  Parorgyia. 

2.  Further  remarks  on  Phengodes.  Comparative  characters  of  larva  and 
larviform  females  of  Phengodes  laticoUis. 

3.  Interesting  Lepidoptera.  Characters  of  52/nfomei(?a8p.,  and  of  au  undeter- 
mined moth. 

2413.  RiLEY,  C.  V.     The  British  pest.     Worth lessness  of  the  sparrow 

as  an  insect-killer.     <National  Tribune,  20  April,  1888. 
Result  of  the  exumiuation  of  the  stomach  contents  of  'vli  sparrows,  of  whicli 
92  only,  or  17,-,,  per  teut.,  contained  insects,  a  hirge  proportion  of  these  be- 
ing innoxious  or  actually  benehcial  species;  review  of  recorded  observa- 
tions in  North  America. 

2414.  PtiLEY,  G.  V.     Elm-tree  depredators.    < Newark  [N.  J.]  Press 

and  Register,  10  May,  1888. 
Report  of  an  address  before  the  Newark  Board  of  Trade ;   life-history  aud 
means  against  Galeruca  xanthomelwna. 

2415.  RiLE\',C.  V.    On  the  original  habitat  of /cer//apMr6'Art.v?*.    <Pacific 

Rural  Press,  12  May,  1888,  v.  3.j,  p.  425. 
Australia  probably  the  true  home  of  Icerya  purchasi;  its  distinctnesa  from 
/.  sacchari. 


368  BIBLIOGEAPHY    OF   ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.- 

2416.  EiLEY,  C.  Y.    The  buffalo-gnat  problem  in  the  lower  Mississippi 

Valley.    Abstract:  <Proc.  A.mer.  Assoc.  Adv.  Sci.  for  1887, 
[May],  1888,  v.  30,  p.  362. 
Result  of  late  iuvestigatious  on  species  of  Simulium. 

2417.  EiLEY,  0.  V.     Systematic  relations  of  PZati/;)s?/?^ws,  as  determined 

by  the  larva.    <Sci.  Amer.  Suppl.,  2  June,  1888,  v.  25,  pp.  10350- 

10358,  4  figs. 
Review  of  the  literature  concerning  the  systematic  position  of  PlatypsiiUus 
■    castoris;  additional  facts  confirming  G.  H.  Horn's  view  of  the  coleopterous 

nature  of  the  insect. 

2418.  EiLEY,  G.  V.    Eeport  of  the  entomologist.     <Ann.  Eept.  [TJ.  S.] 

Commissioner  Agric.  for  1887, 1888,  pp.  48-179,  8  pi.  Separate: 
< Washington:  June,  1888,  pp.  48-179+6,  8  pi. 

TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 

Introduction 48 

Damage  by  the  chinch-bug,  48 — Codling-moth,  48 — Hop  Aphis, 
48 — Work  of  Division  in  regard  to  silk-culture  in  the  past  year, 
49 — Recent  experiments  on  the  fluted  or  cottony  cushion-scale 
of  California,  49 — Hydrocyanic  acid  gas  and  arseniuretted  hydro- 
gen, 49 — Possible  introduction  into  California  of  the  parasites  of 
Icerya  from  Australia,  50 — Recent  experiments  on  other  scale- 
insects,  50 — Professor  Osbora's  report  on  the  more  important  in- 
sects of  the  seasoa  in  Iowa,  on  the  chinch-bug,  ou  hop  insects  in 
Wisconsin,  50  —Mr.  Bruner's  report,  50 — Mr.  Webster's  report  on 
the  southern  buffalo-gnat,  50 — The  year  as  a  whole  one  of  com- 
parative immunity,  50 — Apiculture,  50. 
The  chinch-bug,  Blissus  leucopterus.     By  L.  O.  Howard 51 

Introductory,  51 — Past  history,  51— Earliest  appearance,  52 — First 
described  by  Say,  52 — Called  "Mormon  louse  "  in  Illinois  in  1840, 
52 — First  recorded  appearance  iu  Missouri,  Iowa,  Indiana,  and 
Wisconsin,  52 — Its  damage  in  the  years  1864  and  1868,  52 — Esti- 
mates of  loss  in  1871,  52 — Great  injury  in  1874  iu  Missouri  and  ad- 
joiniug  States,  52 — First  injurious  appearance  in  New  York  in 
1882,  53 — Damage  in  succeeding  years,  53 — Geographical  distri- 
bution, 53 — Indigenous  east  of  the  Rocky  Mountains,  north  and 
south,  53— States  in  which  it  does  the  greatest  damage,  53 — In 
Cuba,  54 — West  of  the  Rocky  Mountains,  54 — Specimens  from 
California  and  Mexico,  55 — Injury  during  1887,  55 — Review  of 
localities  and  damage  this  season  by  the  statistician  of  the  De- 
partment, 55 — Table  showing  losses  in  States  most  damaged,  56 — 
Summary  of  counties  in  these  States,  57 — Food-plauts,  57 — Cul- 
tivated grains  and  cultivated  and  wild  grasses,  57 — Rice,  58 — Poly- 
gonum, 58 — Stages  of  growth — Descriptive,  59 — Egg,  59 — Larval 
stages,  59— Pupa,  59— Imago,  59— Original  description,  59— Le 
Baron's  description,  59 — Fitch's  varieties,  60 — Riley's  variety 
melanosus,  60 — A  new  variety,  60 — Number  of  broods  and  hiber- 
nation, 60— First  accurate  statement,  60— Hibernation,  60— Influ- 
ence of  severe  cold,  61— Odor  reveals  hiding  places,  62— Habits, 
62— Flight,  62— Oviposition,  62— Young  larvae,  63— Growth,  63— 
Migration,  63— Habits  on  corn,  64— Preparations  for  hibernation, 
64 — Erroneous  statement  as  to  oviposition,  65 — Exceptional 
habits,  65 — Natural  enemies  and  diseases,  65 — Insect  enemies,  65 — 
No  true  internal  insect  parasite  yet  known,  65 — A  possible  hair- 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  369 

2418.  Relet,  C.  v.— Continued. 

The  ciiixch-bug— Continued. 

worm  parasite,  05 — Lady-bird  enemies,  65 — Weeping  lace- 
winged  fly,  Gti — True  bugs  wbich  prey  upon  it,  G6 — luefficacy  of 
lady-bugs  when  plant-lice  are  present,  66 — Vertebrate  enemies, 
67 — Common  quail,  67 — Other  birds,  67 — Quail  laws,  67 — Diseases, 
68 — Dr.  Shimer's  account  of  his  observations  on  the  epidemic  in 
1865,  68 — Professor  Forbes'  investigations,  Gi) — Hisstudies  of  bac- 
terial diseasesof  other  insects,  70 — Professor  Riley 'a  comments,  70 — 
Wet  weather  and  chinch-bug,  71 — Professor  Forbes' experiments, 
71 — Comments,  71 — Wet  weather  and  the  disease,  72 — Dr.  Thomas' 
theory,  72 — Professor  Riley's  comments,  73 — An  anonymous  pre- 
diction, 73 — Table  of  temperature  and  raiu-fall  in  North  Carolina, 
74 — Official  records  of  precipitation  in  chinch-bug  States  for  1885, 
1886,  and  1887,  74 — Remedies  and  preventives,  75 — Earlier  recom- 
mendations,75 — Preventions,  75 — Clean  cultivation,  75 — Diver- 
sified farming,  75 — Rotation  of  crops,  76 — Early  sowing  and  ma- 
nuring, 76 — Rolling,  76 — Sowing  an  unattractive  crop  with 
wheat,  76 — Direct  winter  remedies,  77 — Burning,  77— Fall  plow- 
ing and  harrowing,  77 — Gas  lime,  77 — Trapping,  77— Trampling, 
77 — Direct  summer  remedies  before  migration,  77 — Irrigation, 
78 — Burning,  78 — Prevention  of  migration — Direct  remedies  dur- 
ing and  after  migration,  79 — Ditching,  79 — Tarred  boards  or  tar 
alone,  80 — Sowing  strips  of  plants  distasteful  to  the  bugs  around 
the  fields  to  be  protected,  80 — Sowing  strips  of  favored  food 
arouud  the  fields  to  be  protected,  80 — Hot  water  and  soap-suds, 
80 — Kerosene  emulsion,  80 — Professor  Forbes' experiments,  tjl — 
Mr.  Hubbard's  formula,  81— Professor  Atkinson's  test,  81 — Pro- 
fessor Osborn's  experiments,  82 — Mr.  Warren's  letter,  83— Bogus 
chinch-bugs,  83 — Falsechiuch-bug,  83— Insidious  flower-bug,  84 — 
Ash-gray  leaf-bug,  84 — Flea-like  negro-bug,  84 — Bibliographical 
list.  84. 
The  codling-moth,  Carpocapsa  pomonella.    By  L.  O.  Howard 88 

Introductory,  88— Remarks  on  the  bibliography,  8S— Geographical 
distribution,  89 — Date  of  introduction  into  America,  89 — The  in- 
sect popularly  described,  89— Larva,  89— Cocoon,  89— Moth,  90— 
Habits  and  natural  history,  90— Broods,  90— Its  round  of  life,  90— 
Irregularity  of  development,  91— Number  of  larva;  in  a  single 
apple,  91 — Larva'  of  the  second  generation,  91 — Hibernation  in 
the  larval  state,  92— Apparent  exception  to  this  rule,  92— Cocoons 
found  in  apple  barrels,  92— Habits  of  the  insect  in  the  North  of 
Germany,  92— Food-plants,  92— Stone  fruits  of  the  Rosacea'  less 
infested,  92— European  records  of  its  occurrence  in  walnuts  and 
oak-galls,  92— A  closely  allied  species  known  to  feed  upon  wal- 

•  nuts,  94— Natural  enemies,  94— Birds,  94— A  hair-worm  parasite, 
94— True  hymenopterous  parasites,  94— Predaccous  iu'^ects  which 
feed  upon  the  larvae  and  pupa>,  95 — Remedies,  95— The  destruc- 
tion of  windfalls— feeding  and  trampling— the  use  of  sheep  and 
hogs,  96 — Jarring  or  picking  infested  fruit  from  the  trees,  96— 
Killing  the  moth,  97— Miss  Walton's  observations,  97— Mr.  De 
Long's  observations,  97— Capture  of  the  moth  with  baits,  98— 
Insect-catching  flowers,  98— Summary  of  the  question  of  attract- 
ing the  moth,  98— Quotations  from  Professor  Riley's  Fourth  Mis- 
souri Report,  99— Attraction  of  moth  impractical,  99— Trapping 
the   worm— bandages,  shingle  traps,  etc.,  100— "Trimble  hay. 


370  BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 

2418.  EiLEY,  C.  v.— Coutinued. 

The  codling-moth — Continued.  v 

band  system,"  100— Professor  Riley's  roles  concerning  this  sys- 
tem, 100— The  Wier  shingle  trap,  101— Cloth  bands,  101— Dr. 
Chapin's  work  in  California  in  18:2,  102— Spraying  the  trees  with 
arsenical  mixtures,  103 — Professor  Cook's  statements,  103 — Pro- 
fessor Forbes'  conclusions  from  his  experiments  in  1885,  104— Mr. 
Golf's  experiments  at  Geneva,  N.  Y.,  during  1885,  106— Supple- 
mentary conclusions  by  Professor  Forbes,  106 — Mr.  Alwood's  ex- 
periments in  Ohio  the  past  season,  109— Results,  110 — Mr.  Cush- 
man's  letter.  111 — The  consideration  of  these  poisons  in  Califor- 
nia, 111— Time  of  day  for  spraying,  112 — Notice  of  Mr.  Dixon's 
paper,  113 — Apparatus  for  applying  the  arsenical  mixtures,  114. 
Silk-culture — Report  of  the  year's  operations.  By  Philip  Walker  115 
Distribution  of  silk-worm  eggs,  115 — European  egg-producers,  115 — 
The  establishment  of  Signor  Susanl,  of  Milan,  115— Deydier  es- 
tablishment at  Aubeuas,  France,  117 — Mulberry  trees,  117— The 
Cattaneo  nurseries,  117 — Experimental  stations,  118 — The  Royal 
Sericultural  Experimental  Statiou  at  Padua,  118— Experimental 
silk  filature  at  Washington,  119— Production  and  purchase  of 
cocoons,  120 — Co-operating  organizations,  122. 
Reports  of  agents 123 

Report  on  the  gas  treatment  for  scale-insects.    By  D.  W. 

Coquillett 123 

Letter  of  transmittal,  123— The  gas  treatment  for  scale-insects, 
123— Extract  from  Mr.  Craw's  paper,  124— Results  of  Dr.  Dim- 
mock's  experiments  on  various  insects  with  pure  gases,  125 — The 
tent,  126— Apparatus  for  operating  the  tent,  126— The  McMullen 
tent,  126— The  Wolfskill  fumigator,  127— The  Titus  fumigator, 
128— The  Culver  fumigator,  129— The  gas,  129— The  dry  cyanide 
process,  129— The  dry  gas  process,  130— The  cyanide  and  soda 
process,  131— Remarks,  132— Agitating  the  air  in  the  tent,  133 — 
Experiments,  134 — ludex  to  experiments,  142. 

Report  on  experiments  against  scale-insects.  By  Albert  Koebele      143 
Letter  of  submittal,  143— The  value  of  arsenic  as  an  addition  to 
the  kerosene  emulsion,  143— Results  of  various  experiments  with 
resin  compound,  143 — Experiments  with  resin  compound,  146 — 
Experiments   on  Aphididoe  with  resin  compound,  146. 

Report  on  the  season's  observations  in  Indiana,  and  espe- 
cially upon  corn  insects    By  F.  M.  Webster 147 

Letter  of  transmittal,  147— The  twelve-spotted  Diabrotica,  148— The 
corn  plant-louse,  148— Corn  bill-bug.  lid—Myochrous  denticollia, 
l50— Flea-beetles,  150— The  greasy  cut-worm,  150— Ants,  150— 
Drasterius  dorsalis  (?),  151— Chinch  bug,  irA—Corticaria  piunila, 
151 — Calatlms  gregarius  (Say)  versus  the  Colorado  potato-beetle, 
151 — A  new  enemy  to  the  bean  and  cow-pea,  152 — The  straw- 
berry saw-fly,  152 — Wheat  wire-worm,  153. 

Report  upon  the  insects  of  the  season  in  Iowa.    By  Herbert 

Osborn 154 

Letter  of  transmittal,  154 — The  turf  web-worm  or  sod- worm,  154 — 
Extracts  from  crop  report,  155 — Habits  and  life-history,  156—  De- 
scription of  different  stages,  158— Remedies,  159 — Natural  ene- 
mies, 160 — Other  mention  of  the  species  and  related  forms,  160 — 
The  wheat-head  army-worm,  160— Extracts  from  Iowa  crop  re- 
port, Ifc'O— Blister  beetles,  161  —  The  false  chinch-bug,  162 — 
Notes  on  miscellaneous  insects,  162. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY.  371 

2418.  Ril:ey,  C.  v.— Continued. 

Keport  ox  the  season's  observations  in  Nebraska.  By  Law- 
rence Brmier 

•  —  • 164 

Letter    of  eubinittal,   ir,4-Introduct,io.i,    KU-Colora.lo    potato- 
beetle,  U)4-Chinch-bug,  16r.-Cau8C8  of  increase,  1(^5  -Locusts 
167-Cabbage  insects,  168-The  codliuK-niotb,   168- Forest-tree 
insects.  1(38-Tbe  American  Cimbex,  161>-0tber  insects   170 
Report  on  experimknts  in  apiculture.    By  N.  W.  McLain .  no 

Letter  of  submittal.  170 -Diseases  of  bees,  171 -Bacillus  alvei 
(Cheshire),  174— Quotations  from  Professor  Cheshire,  172— Treat- 
ment, 174-StarTod  brood.  174-Symptom8,  175-Remedy,  175— 
The  control  of  reproduction,  175. 


INDICES  TO  PARTS  I,  II,  AND  III. 


SYSTEMATIC   INDEX   OF  THE    NEW   NAMES    PROPOSED  BY  B.  D. 
WALSH  AND  BY  WALSH  AND  RILEY. 


[The  Walsh  and  Riley  names  are  followed  by  W.  &  R.  The  first  number  following 
the  name  refers  to  the  number  of  the  paper  in  the  list,  the  second  to  the  page  where 
the  species  is  first  described.  As  is  well  known,  the  Walsh  collection  was  destroyed 
in  the  Chicago  fire  in  October,  1H71.  A  few  of  the  types  sent  to  Drs.  Hagen  and 
Riley  are  in  the  collections  of  the  Museum  of  Comparative  Zoology  at  Cambridge 
and  the  National  Museum  at  Washington.  Those  at  Cambridge  are  indicated  by  a  *, 
those  at  Washington  by  **.] 


ARACHNID  A. 

ACARINA. 

Acaridm. 

Acarua  pruni-crmnena,  373 ;  43. 

8.-a;nigma  (Cecidomyia),  46;  608. 
8.-8emen  (Cecidomyia),46j  606. 

MYRIAPODA. 

CHIL0G5ATHA. 

lulidce. 

Cambalamaltistriatns  (lalns),  193 ;  34  =  a 
lata,  Say. 

HEXAPODA. 

PSKUDONEUBOPTEKA. 

Ptoeidfe. 

Psocua  amabilis,  24  ;  362.* 

bifasciatus,  39 ;  183.* 
confluons,  39;  185. 
conterminus,  39;  185.* 
geologns,  24;  362.*> 
lichenatu-s,  39  ;  183.*  . 

madescena,  39;  186.* 
permadidus,  39;  185.* 
perplexus,  24;  361.* 
poUutus.  24 ;  361.* 
puras,  24;  361.* 
rufu3,  39;  185. 
semistriatns,  24;  361.* 
Perlidce. 
Acrououra  rupinsulensis,  24  ;  363.* 
Chloroperla  brannipeDniH,  24  ;  367.* 

fumipennis  (Perla),  24  ;  366.* 
nana;  24;  367.* 


PeWtd<B— Continued. 

Perla  decipiona,  24 ;  364.* 
elongata,  24;  36G.*' 
flaveacens,  24 ;  363.* » 
prodncta,  24;  365.* 
variana,  24;  364.* 
Ephemeridce, 

Baetis  sicca,  24  ;  371.*' 
Baetiaca,  24;  378. 
Cloe  diibia,  24  ;  380.*' 

ferruginea,  24 ;  379.* 
fluctiiaiis,  21 ;  379.* 
mendax,  24;  381.* 
Epbemera  flaveola,  24 ;  377.* 
myo])s,  39;  207.* 
Kphemerella,  24 ;  377. 

conaimilia,  24 ;  378. 
excruciana,  24;  377.*' 
Heptagenia,  39 ;  197. 

cruentata,  39;  205.* 
maculipi'UDia,  39 ;  206. 
Bimplex,  39;  204.* 
Hexagonia,  39;  197. 
Palingenia  flavoacena,  24  ;  373." 
piilciu'lla,  24 ;  375.*' 
temiinata,  24  ;  370.*' 
vittigera,  24 ;  373.* 
Pentagon  ia,  39  ;  196. 

iiua<lripunctata,39;  198. 
Potanianthua  ?  odoiiatua,  24  ;  372. 
Siplihirua    iutorliutata    (Baetis),    39;     190  = 
feniorata.  Say. 
Odonatu. 

Agrion  binotatum,  24  ;  387.* 
dtutiforum,  39 ;  236.* 
bageni,  24;  386.     39;  234.*' 


'  Alao  in  the  National  Museum. 


373 


374 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 


Odonata — Contlnned. 

Cordulia  ?  niolesta,  39  ;  254. 
Gomphus  amnicola,  24;  396.*' 

consobrinus,  39;  242.* 

flavialis,  24;  394.*" 

grasilinellus,  24 ;  394.*' 

quadricolor,  39;  246. 

vastus,  24;  391.*> 

ventricosus,  39 ;  249. 
Herpetogomplius  ?  rupinsuleusis,  24 ;  388. 
Hetaerina  pseudamericana,  39  ;  223.* 

rnpamnensis,  39;  230.*' 

rupinanlensis,  24 ;  383. 

scelerata,  39 ;  267. 

texana,  39 ;  227. 
Lestes  in;cqualis,  24  ;  385. 
Macrogomphua  ?  spiniceps,  24  ;  389. 
Macromia  flavipennis,  24  ;  398. 

illinoiensis,  24  ;  397. 
Ophiogomphus  mainenaia,  39  ;  255. 
Orthopteka. 
Phasvvidce. 

Diapheromera  velii,  45 ;  410.* 

HEMU'TERA. 

Coceidce. 

Cliionaapia  harrisii  (Aspidiotus),  2;  308**=: 
furfurus,  Fitch, 
salicis-nigra)    (Aspidiotus),    373;. 
40  =  aalicia,  Linn. 
Pnlvinaria  acericola  (Locanium)  W.  &  E.,  389  ; 
14**==innumerabilis,  Eath. 
macluraj  (Lecanium)  W.  &  E.,  389 ; 
]4  =  innumerabili8,  Kath. 
Aphididce. 

Aphis  beUa,  27 ;  299.* 

carduella,  27 ;  300. 
qaercifoliaj,  27  ;  298. 
Byrsocrypta  pseudobjTsa,  27 ;  306. 
vagabunda,  27 ;  306.*» 
Calaphis,  27 ;  301. 

betulella,  27;  301.* 
Pemphigus  formicariua,  27 ;  308. 

formicetorum,  27  ;  308.* 
ulmi-fusus  W.  &  E.,  518;  109.* 
Pbylloxeriv  carvie-globuli,  27;  309.*' 

caryfB  -  s  e  m  o  n  (Dactylosphajra) 
373;  23.* 
Schizoneura  cornicola  (Eriosoma?),  27;  304. 
fungicola  (Eriosoma?),  27;  3U4. 
Jaisidce. 

Chloroneura,  22  ;  4*^  Empoasca.Walsh. 
Empoa  albicans,  22 ;  4. 
Empoasca,  22 ;  3. 

abnormis  (Chloroneura),  22  ;  4. 

conaobrina,  22 ;  4. 

malefica    (Chloroneura),   22 ;    4  == 

viridtiscena,  Wal  ah. 
maligna  (Chloroneura),  22;  4  =  ob- 

tusa,  Walsh, 
obtusa,  22 ;  4. 
virideacens,  22 ;  3. 
Brythronenra  australis,  22  ;  4. 
octonotata,  22 ;  4. 
ziczac,  22 ;  4. 


Jassidoe — C  ontinued. 

Typhlocyba  aurea,  22  ;  3. 

binotata,  22  ;  3. 
pallid ula,  22;  3. 
Tingitidce. 

Gargaphia  amorphaB  (Tingis),  45;  409.** 
tilise  (Tingis),  45;  408.** 

COLKOPTERA. 

Scolytida;. 

Scolytus  fagi,  220  ;  58. 
Calandridce. 

Sphenophorus     zeae,    337  ;   117**  =  sculptilis 
Uhler. 
Curculio7iid(B. 

Anthonomna  cratoegi,  197  ;  266. 

syncophanta,  197 ;  265. 
tessellata,  197  ;  207. 
Apion  languinosum,  197;  269  =:walshii,  Smith. 
Coccotorus  prunicida  (Anthonomua),  33;  372 

=  Scutellaria,  Lee. 
Conotrachelus  cratasgi,  35 ;  37. 

puncticollis,  34  j  21. 
Chrysomelidce. 

Fidia  viticida,  272  ;  87.** 

Phyaonota   5-punctata    (Caaaida)   "W.    &   R. 
767  ;  4**;:=  unipunctata,  Say. 

DiPTEKA. 
Trypetidce. 

Trypeta  pomonella,  373  ;  33.** 
Anthomyidce. 

Homalomyia  leidyi,  382;  138.  ' 

prunivora,  382 ;  138. 
wilaoni,  382 ;  138. 
Tachinidce. 

Nemoraea  militaris  (Senometopia)  6;  367**=^ 
leucaniae  Kirkp. 
Syrphidce. 

Pipiza  radicum  "W.  &  E.,  495;  83**  =  ?  femo- 
ralia  Loew. 
Midaidoe. 

Midaa  fulvipes,  46;  306. 
Cecidomyidce. 

Cecidomyia  albovittata,  40 ;  621.* 
cornuta,  46  ;  625. 
crataegi-bedeguar,  376 ;  79. 
orbitalis,  40 ;  623. 
q-piluliB  (Cynipa),  41;  481. 
8. -batatas,  46;  601.**' 
'  s.-brassicoidea,  46  ;  577.**' 

s.-cornu,  46;  570.     197;  224. 
s.-coryloides,  46;  588.* 
8.-gnaphaliodes,  46;  583.* 
s.-hordeoides,  46 ;  599. 
8.-nodulu8,  46  ;  599.* 
s.-rhodoides,  46 ;  586.* 
s.-siliqna,  40;  591.** 
s.-strobili3CUS,46  ;  582.    197;  323. 
8.-strobiloidea,  46 ;  580. 
s.-triticoide.s,  46 ;  598.*« 
8.-veri'uca,  46;  606. 
v.-coryloides  W.  &  R.,  518 ;  107.** 
v.-pomum  W.  <fc  R.,  518 ;  106.** 
Diplosis  annulipes,  46 ;  629. 
atricoruia,  46 ;  028. 


1  Alao  in  the  24^ational  Maseam. 


*  The  pages  refer  to  the  separate. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 


375 


Hidaxdce — Continued. 

atrocularis,  46;  62(5. 
doccm-inaculatii,  4G ;  631. 
helianthibnlla.  197:  228. 
septem-niaculata,  46 ;  6:(1. 

LEPIDOPa'ERA. 
Tortrieid(e. 

tirapholitlia  prunivora  (Seniaaia),  373  ;  80.** 
PhoxopUTi8tiagaria!(Anchylopera),  W.  &.  R., 
499;  90.** 
PyralidcF. 

Acroba«is  nebulo   (Phycita),  2;  308=:indigi- 
noUa,  Zeller. 
Oeometridcf. 

Aplodes  venustMs  (Hipparchiacns),  40;  31**= 

miiuosaria,  Gucu. 
Hippamhiscus,  40;  300  =  Aplode8,  Gueu. 

Bombycido'. 

Halesidota  autiphola,40;  2-8  =t088ellata,S.  &  A 
liarii8ii,45;  430**  =  tessellata,  S.  &  A- 
Limacodes  ?  tetradactylus,  40;  300. 
Phobetron  hyalinum  (Limacodea?),  40;  300.** 
Sphingicampa,  40 ;  290. 

distifrma,     40;     290  =  bicolor, 
Harris. 

^geriadfx. 

J2gerla  hospes  (Trochilium),  197  ;  270. 

Hy.men'opteua. 
Tenthredinidce, 

Euura  perturbans,  197  ;  254. 

8.-genmia  ;  197;  250=orbitalis,  Nort. 
8. -nodus,  197  ;  253.** 
8. -ovum,  197  ;  251. 
Nematus  fur,  197 ;  263. 

hospes,  197  ;  201. 
inquilinus,  197;  2G0. 
mendicus,  197:  261. 
s.-desmodioides,  197 ;  257.** 
s.-pisum,  197;  258.** 
8.-poniuru,  197  ;  255.** 
Pristiphora  grossulariae,  140 ;  123.** 
sycophanta,  197;  263. 

Cynipida;. 

Acra-spia  q.-erinacei  (Cynips),  41 ;  483. 
Aujiihibolips  pruuus  (Cyuips)  W.  &,  R.,  518; 

104.** 
Ancistrophus,  821 ;  74. 

l.-pisutn,  821 ;  74.'* 
Andricus  q.-flocci  (Cynips),  41;  482.** 

q. -podagra)  (Cynips),  41  :  491.*' 
Biorhiza  q.-forticornis  (Cynips),  41 ;  490.* 
Ceroptres  ensiger  (Amblynotus),  41;  490*  = 
petiolicola,  O.  S. 
inermis  (Amblynotus),  41  ;  498. 
Holcaspis  mamma  (Cynips),  518;  102.'* 
Synergusalbipes  (Synopbrus),  41 ;  496*  =laua, 
Fitch, 
meudax,  41  ;  498. 

rhoditiforniis,  41 ;    499*  =  lignicola, 
O.S. 
Tribalia,  41  ;  470. 

batatorum.  41  :  471. 


Ichneumonida'. 

Acicnitusrupinsnlensia,  385  ;  144. 
Baasus  bicapillaris,  385  ;  88. 
ruticrus,  385 ;  80. 
semifaaciatUH,  385;  86. 
tripicticrus,  385 ;  85. 
Catocentrua,  38."i :  98. 

Chorina-us  cariuiger  (Polyrhabdus),  385  ;  98. 
Cryptocontnis,  :t8') ;  150  =  Meaoloiaa,  Holmg. 
Cryptus  albicaligatua  :  385;  82. 
allii.solratua,  385 ;  80. 
atricollaris,  385;  72.** 
cinctipes,  385 ;  74. 
nigricalceatus,  385 ;  77. 
•  picticoxua,  385  ;  82. 
rhoinboidalis,  385  ;  74. 
rulitrona,  385  ;  75. 
Cteniacua  albilineatu.s,  385 ;  107. 

ornatus  (Exeuteron),  385  ;  105. 
Echthrua  annulicornis,  385  ;  159. 
Ephialtea  gigas  385  ;  110. 
pusio,  385;  111. 
pyguiiuus,  385;  111.** 
Exetastes  illinoieusis  (Leptobatua),  385  ;  148. 

suaveolena,  3  ■  ."> :  146. 
Exocbiscus,  385  ;  96  =  Orthocentrua,  Grav. 
Exochus  albi(:eps,  385  ;  96. 

aunulicrus,  385 ;  95. 
atriceps,  385:  95. 
Glypta  alboscutellaris,  385 ;  127. 
diversipea,  385 ;  125. 
ruflcornia.  385 ;  129. 
ruflpleuralis,  385 ;  127. 
Hemiletea  fuacatua,  380 ;    12  =  var.  of  nema- 
tivoruB,  Walah. 
nemativorus,  380;  11. 
Joppidiuiii,385;  67. 

ruficcps,  385 ;  70. 
Lampronota  aniphiniibena,  385  ;  117. 
breviventria,  385;  120. 
imitatrix,  385  ;  121. 
interpellata,  385;  118. 
pictiventris,  385 ;  119. 
Mesochorua  vitreus,  6;  368.** 
Orthocentrua  pnsillua  (Exochiacna),  385;  97. 
atigniaticus,  385;  101. 
trifaaciatna.  .385 ;   100. 
Pararhysaa,  385 ;  109  =  Rhyasa  Grav. 
Pi;zomacbua  minimua,  6  ;  368.** 
Pimpla  coilubs,  385  ;  141. 

inveatigatrix,  385;  142. 
pictipea,  385 ;  135. 
vidua,  385;  140. 
Polyrhabdus,  385;  98  =Chorina;n8   nolmgr. 
Polyapbincta  nigriccps,  385  ;  144. 
nigrita,  385;  144. 
pimploidea,  385;  144. 
Trj-phon  atricoxus,  385  ;  104. 
Braconidcp. 

Apantelesrailitaris,  6j  369.'* 
Chalcididrr. 

Antigaatcr,  384  ;  368  =Eupelraus,  Balm. 
Decatoma  dubia,  384  ;  300  =  var.   of   variana, 
Walsh. 


■Also  in  the  National  Museum. 


376 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 


Chalcididce—Contmuei. 

excrucians,  384 ;  300  =  var.  of  ni- 

jiricepa.  Walsh, 
hyalipennis,  384  ;  300. 
nig ricepa,  384 ;  300. 
nubilistigma,  384  ;  300. 
simpliclstigma,  384 ;  300.** 
variana,  384  ;  300.** 
Eupelmus  rairabilis  ( Antigaster),  384  ;  369.** 
Enrytoma  abuormicorni.s,  384  ;  299. 
auriceps,  384 ;  299.** 
bicolor,  384;  298. 
diaatrophi,  384 ;  299. 
gigantea.  384  ;  300. 
globulicola,  384;  299=yar  ofpruni- 

cola,  Walsh, 
prunicola,  384 ;  298.** 
punctiventria,  384 ;  299. 


Chalddidce—Contmned. 

aeminatrix,  384  ;  299  =^  var.  of  auri. 
ceps,  Walsh. 

Glyphe  viridascens,  6  ;  370.** 

Haltichella  perpulchra  (Hockeria),  11 ;  258. 

Hockeria,  11 ;  258  =  Haltichella,  Spin. 

Semiotellus  chalcidephagua,  384  ;  368.** 

Sniicra  albifrons  (Chalcis),  6;  369.** 
Formicidce. 

Formica  aphidicola,  27  ;  310. 

Lasius  latipea  (Formica),  27  ;  311. 
Potnpilidce. 

Agenia  subcorticalis,  375  ;  162. 

Ceropalea  ruflventris,  375  ;  163. 
Sphecidce. 

Ammophila  pictipennia,  375 ;  164.** 
Bembecidce. 

MegaatizuB  brevipenuis  (Stizus),  375;  162.** 


SYSTEMATIC  INDEX  OF  THE  NEW  NAMES  PROPOSED  BY  C.  V.  RILEY. 


[The  types,  without  exception,  are  preserved  in  the  collectioa  of  the  National  Maseam, 

Washington,  D.  C] 


ARACHNIDA 

ACAHIN'A. 
TTOinbidiidce. 

Tetranycbu8  >.  americanus  (Leptas),  1326 ;  17. 
?  irritans  (Leptus),  1326  ;  18. 

Trombidiam  giganteuni,  1632  ;  143. 
locustarum,  1632  ;    142. 
muscaruin,  1632  ;  144. 
Hydrachnidcv. 

Hydrachna  belostomae,  1632  ;  146. 
Gamasidce. 

Uropoda  americana,  1626  ;  275. 
Ixodida. 

Ixodes  bovia  1309o ;  118. 
Oribatidte. 

Hoplophora  arcUta,  1363  ;  216. 
Tyrnglyphida;. 

Tyroglypbus  phylloxeras,  1363  ;  215. 
Acaridce. 

Acarus  aceris-crumena,  1265  ;  339. 

HEXAFODA. 

ORTHGI'TEKA. 

Aeridiidce. 

Calopteuns  atlanis,  1423  ;  169. 
Dendrotettix,  2410;  86. 

quercus,  2410  ;  86. 
Gryllidfe. 

(KcanthuB  latipennid,  2026  ;  61. 
Hemhteka. 
Coccidfe. 

Kernies  galliformis,  1972  ;  482. 
Mytilaspi.spomicorticis,  1329;  06.  =pomoriiiu, 
Bouch6. 
Aphididte. 

Lachnua  platanicola,  2138  ;  198. 
Pempbigas  acerifolii,  1678  ;  16. 
fraximfolii,  1678;  17. 
popiili-monilis,  1678 :  13. 
populi-ramnlonim,  1678  ;  16. 
populi-transveraiis,  1678 ;  15. 
Phylloxera  caryic-avellana,  IDOl  ;  230. 
caryffi-fallax,  1423 ;  118. 
caryae-gummosa,  1423  ;  118. 
carya!-ren,  1423;  118. 
caryaj-scissa,  1901  ;  230. 
Schizoneura  americana,  1678  ;  4. 

ulmi  (Erioaoma),  1059,-  124. 


Pgyllidce. 

Blastoplyrsa,  2272  ;  75. 

celtidis-gemma,  2272 ;  74. 
Calopbj-a  nigripennis,  2272  ;  69. 
Ceropsylla,  2272 ;  76. 

dideroxyli,  2272 ;  76. 
Pacbypsylla,  2208;  157:  2272;  71. 

celtidis-mamma,  2208 ;  157.  2272; 
73. 
Rhinopsylla,  2272 ;  78. 

schwarzii,  2272;  78. 
Jeugidce. 

Diedrocephala  flaviceps,  1767  ;  78. 
Lygceidce. 

Nyaius  destructor,  1329 ;  113.    =augustatns, 
Ubler. 

COLEOPTEEA. 

Scolytidce. 

Scolytus  caryie,  938 ;  69.    =  4-spino8ns,  Say. 
Ourculionidie. 

Ampeloglypter   vitis    (Madams),   1059;   132, 

:=  sesostris,  Lcc. 
Podapion,  2231 ;  62. 

gallicola,  2231 ;  62. 
Tylodemia  fragarioi  (Analcis),  1301 ;  44. 
Me^oidce. 

Hornia,  1601. 

luiuutiponui.s,  1601. 
liruchidce. 

Bnichus  faba>,  1301 ;  55. 
Dhteua. 
Osei7iid(e. 

Oi5cinisbra8sica?.2291  :  322. 
Anthomyidee. 

Antbomyia  var.   calopteoi,  1557.     ==r  angns- 
tifrons,  Meig. 
zeaa,  1059  ;  155. 

Sarcophagid(T. 

Sarcopbaga  sarraceiiiiL',  1390  ;  238. 

Tachinid(F. 

Exorista  cecropia;,  1112  ;  101. 

doryphora'  (Lvdella),  1059  ;  111. 
tiavii'niida,  1127  ;  51. 
Masicera  archippivora,  1301 ;  150. 
Tachina  aletiii",  1712  :  162. 

auouyma,  1311 ;  120. 

377 


378 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 


Agilidce. 

Proctacanthus  ruissonriensis  (Asilus),  1127 ; 
122  =:  milberti,  Macq. 
Simulidce. 

Simulium  meridionale,  2394 ;  513. 
pecuarum,  2394  ;  512. 
piscicidium,  1174 ;  228 
Mycetophilidce. 

Mycetophila  persica,  963  ;  397. 
Ceddomyidce. 

Cecidomyia  cupressi-ananassa,  1180;  244. 
Diplosis  pyrivora,  2392. 
Lepidopteea. 
Pterophoridce. 

Platyptihis     carduidactylna    (Pteropborus), 
1059;  180. 
Tineidce. 

Blastobasis  iceryseella,  2394 ;  485. 
Coleophoia  malivorella,  1721 ;  254. 
'Gelechia  galtesolidaginis,  1059  ;  175. 
Holocera  glandulella,  1310  ;  18. 
Prodoxus,  1830 ;  155. 

senesceiis,  2000  ;  636. 
cinereus,  2000 ;  636. 
decipiens,  183D ;  155. 
intermedins,  2000 ;  635. 
marginatu-s,  2000  ;  635. 
Pronuba,  1329  ;  150:  1336;  55. 
maculata,  2000 ;  633. 
yuccasella,  1329  ;  151:  1336;  56. 
Tortricidce. 

Conchylis  erigeronana,  1968;  316. 
oenotherana,  1968 ;  316. 
Eccopsia  ferrugineana  (Exartema),  1968;  317. 
monetiferaiia  (Exartema),  1968;  317. 
Grapholitha  gallae-saliciana,  1968;  320. 
ninana,  2176;  661. 
olivaceana,  1968 ;  320. 
Mellisopas,  1969 ;  322. 

auricbalceana  1969 ;  323. 
Pffidisca  celtisana,  1968 ;  319. 

giganteana,  1968 ;  318. 
Pentbina  fullerea.*    =  bebesana.  Walk. 
Phoxopteris  cornifoliana,  1968 ;  324. 

murtfeldtiana,  1968 ;  323. 
Proteoteras,  1968 ;  321. 

ajsculana,  1968 ;  321. 
Semasia  lieliaHthana,  1968 ;  319. 
Steganoptycha  claypoleana  (Sericoris),  211*  ; 

914. 
Teras  Cinderella  (Tortrix),  1311 ;  47. 

Fyralidce.  ^\ 

Acrobasis    nebulella     (Phycita),     1311;    42. 
=  var.  of  indiginella  Zeller. 
vaccinii,  2291. 
Chilo  oryzsBllus,  2119 ;  133. 
Clydonopteron,  1929 ;  287. 

tecoina;,  1929 ;  288. 
Pempelia  hammondi,  1311 ;  46. 
Geometridce. 

Paleacrita,  1438 ;  278. 

Synchlora  rubivora  (Aplodes),  1059  ;  140. 


Noctuidce. 

Acronycta  betulse,  2280 ;  2. 

populi,  1127 ;  120. 
Agrotis  cochranii,  964 ;  414. 

morrisoniana,  1409 ;  286. 
scandens,  1059 ;  78. 
Anomis  texana,  2343  ;  350. 
Exyra  ridingsii  (Xanthoptera),  1411 ;  240. 
Lapbygma  autumnalis  (Prodenia),  1301 ;  116. 
falvosa  (Prodenia),  1301 ;  117. 
obscura  (Prodenia),  1301  ;  117. 
Lithophane  cinerea  (Xylina),  1301  ;  135. 
Plusia  brassicfe,  1127  ;  111. 
Pyropbila  conspersa  (Amphipyra),  1301 ;  74. 
Bombycidce. 

Cerura  multiscripta,  1411 ;  241. 
Nola  sorgbiella,  2119;  187. 
^geriadce. 

Bembeeia  rubi  (iEgeria),  1363  ;  113.    =  margi- 
nata,  Harris. 
Hymenopteha. 
Oynipidce. 

Cynips  q.-glandulus,  1606  ;  578. 

q.-mellaria,  1942  ;  298. 
Didactyum,  1749  ;  52  =  Hexaplasta,  Porst. 
Hexaplasta  zigzag  (Didictyum),  1749  ;  52. 
Ichnemnonidce. 

Hemiteles  cressonii,  1059  ;  177. 

thyridopterygis,  1059 ;  150. 
Icbneumon    obsoletus,    1570;    55.    =  var.  of 

brevipennis,  Cress. 
Limneria  lopbyri,  1570  ;  32. 
Thersilochus  conotracbeli  (Porizon),  1301 ;  28. 
Braconidce. 

Apanteles  acronyctas,  1960 ;  312. 
aletiaj,  1960  ;  306. 
cacoecia,  1960 ;  305. 
cassianus,  1960  ;  307. 
flaviconchse,  1960 ;  308. 
heiuileuc*,  1960  ;  309. 
hypbantria;,  2394  ;  533. 
limenitidis     (Microgaster),     1301; 

158. 
megathymi,  1960 ;  304. 
paleacritas,  1960 ;  313. 
pieridivora,  2097;   679.    =r  var.  of 

congregatus.  Say. 
politus,  1960  ;  307. 
rufocoxalis,  1960  ;  510. 
scitul'u.s,  1960  ;  310. 
smerinthi,  1960;  311. 

,     tbeclfe,  I960;  308. 

Bracon  cbarus,  1423 ;  75. 
Exotbecus  prodoxi,  1831 ;  156. 
Meteorus  hypbautrue,  2394  ;  532. 
Microgaater  gelechise,  1059 ;  178. 
Microplitis  ceratominse,  1960  ;  303. 

gortyna;,  1960 ;  304. 
PerUitus  tndagator,  1311 ;  43. 
Sigalpbus  rufua,  1301 ;  27.    =  var.  of  curca. 

lionis,  Fitcb. 
Spatbias  trifasciatua,  1329 ;  106. 


*  Described  and  figured  in  A.  S.  Puller's  "Injurious  insects. 
Florist's  Companion,  October,  1868,  v.  4,  pp.  207-209. 


<Tilton's  Joarn.  of  Hortic.  and 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    ECONOMIC    ENTOMOLOGY. 


379 


Chaleididte. 

Cirrospilus  flavioiiictus.' 

Eurytoma  bolteri,  1059  ;  177.    =  var.  of  diaa- 

trophi,  Walsh. 
Isosonia  granile,  2288 ;  111.    2291;  358. 

tritici,  2060  :  247. 
Merisus  subapterus,  2332  ;  416. 
Pentarthron  ^  =  Trichogramma. 
Pleurotiopia  phyllotreta>,  2291 :  308. 
Spilochalcis  maTia)  (Chalcis),  1112  ;  101. 
Stictonotus  isosoniatis,  2119;  186. 


Clialcididfe — Continued. 

Tetrasticliii8  osurus  (Cirrospilaa),  1712  ;  162. 

prodnctiis,  ;;332  ;  419. 
TrichograuiuianiiDutnni,  1301;  l.'iS.    2026;  68. 
pretioaa,  1712 ;  161. 
Proctotrupidce. 

Caloptenobia,     1643;    306    =     Scelio,    Latr. 
Scelio     ovivora     (Caloptenobia),     1643;    3C6 

^=  famelicus,  Say. 
Telononius  bifidus,  2378  ;  48.    2394  ;  531. 


'  Described  and  figured  in  Lintner's  First  Report  N.  T.  State  Entomologist,  p.  159. 
'Proposed  (Record  of  Amer.  Eiit.,  1871,  p.  8)  for  Trichogramma  luinutum.    Pentarthron  has,  how- 
ever, been  used  for  a  genus  of  beetles. 


U.S.  DEPARTMENT  OF  AGRICULTURE, 

DIVISION    Ol-^    KXTOMOLOC.  V. 


BIBLTOGRAPllY 


OF 


THE  MORE  LAIPORTANT  CONTRIBUTIONS 


TO 


AMERICAN  ECONOMIC  ENTOMOLOGY. 


PREPARED,  I'.Y  Al'TIIORITY  OF  THE  SECRETARY  OF  AGRICl'LTURE, 

SAMUEL    HENSHAW. 


INDEX 


T(l 


Parts  I,  II,  and  III. 


WASHINGTON: 

GOVERNMENT    PRINTINCJ    OFFICE, 
1S«»0. 


INDEX 


Abbot  Sphinx,  1127. 

larva,  1248, 1277. 
Parasites  on  its  larva,  1277. 
Abia  caprifolia,  2360. 
Abnormal  cocoon,  1797. 
Abroad.     Colorado  potato-beetle,  1364. 
Abutilon.     Aletia  feeding  on,  2343. 
Acacia  flliaria.     GaUs  on,  2176. 
Acacia.    Insects  affecting. 
Dorthesia  characias,  1730. 
Grapholitha  ninana,  2176. 
Lytta  cinerea  =  Macrobaai.s  unicolor. 
Macrobasis  unicolor,  1290. 
Acacias.    Large  white  scale  on,  1730. 
Aca<lemy  of  Science.    Address  of  president  St. 

Louis,  1564, 1629. 
AciTnitus  rnpinsulensis  n.  sp.,  385. 
Acanthia  lectularia,  497, 1502, 1741. 
Acaridona  gall  on  Crata?giis,  376. 
Acarina,  412,  1444, 1639, 1710,  1739, 1992. 
Acaras  aceris-cniniena  »i.  sp.,  1265. 
pruni-crumena  n.  sp.,  373. 
salicis-eeuignia,  46. 
salicis-semen,  46. 
scabiei,  497. 
Accusation.    Unjust,  1537. 
Acer  dasycarpum.     Scale  on,  1575. 

sp.    Supposed  tineid  larva  on  leaf  of  fo.ssil, 
2084. 
Achatodes  zeas,  311. 
Acheraon  Sphinx,  1127. 
Acheta  abbreviatu3  =  Gryllu8  abbreviatus. 
Achetida)  =^  Gryllida;. 
Achorutes  nivicola,  608. 
Acoloithus  falsarius,  124. 
Acorn  cups.     New  oak  gall  on,  1606. 
gall,  1944. 
moth,  1310, 1311. 
Acraspis  q.-erinacei,  41. 

AcrididoB,  391,  431,  433,  929,  1446,  1452,  l.'J48,  1645, 
1947,  1959,  2002,  2118,2267,  2311,2331, 
2363. 
•  Dimorphism  in,  1889. 
Effects  of  winter  on  the  eggs  of,  1550. 
Egg  parasites  of,  2355. 
Aoridiam  americanum,  1413, 1549, 1570. 
eaten  out  by  ants,  1413. 
obscnmm,  2119. 
perigrinum,  1959. 


Acrobasis  oonsociella,  1311. 

hammondi  =  Pempelia  hammon'di. 
indiginella,  2,  341,  373,  511.  574,  810,  949, 
975,  998,  1012,  1069,   11.51,  1232,   1311, 
1580, 1902. 
juglandis,  1311. 

uebulella  n.  v.,  1311=  A.  iudiginella- 
nebulo  =  A.  indiginella. 
vaccinii  n.  sp.,  2291,  2349. 
Acroneura  rufiusuleusis  n.  sp.,  24. 
Acronjxta  acericola  =  A.  americana. 
americana,  571,  841. 
betuhi!  u.  sp.,  2280. 
lepusculina,  1127. 
oblinita,  1208,  1276,  1301. 
populi  n.  sp.,  1127. 
xylinoides,  1329. 
Acrosoma  spinea,  813. 

stellata,  1869. 
Acrydii,  1959,  2267. 
Actias  luna,  776, 1311. 

selene,  1311. 
Ad  interim  committees,  394. 
Adalia  bipunctata,  2452. 
Address  at  Atlanta  Cotton  Convention,  20,38. 
on  entomology,  14.54. 
St.  Louis  Academy  Science.   President's, 

1564, 1629. 
"Washington    Entomological    Society. 
President's,  2355. 
Adelops,  2033. 

Adimonia  nifosauguinea,  156. 
/Ecidium  berberidis,  1605. 
iEgoria  acemi,  743, 1063, 1360, 1363. 
alblcoruis,  2410. 

candatum  --  Alcathon  caudatum. 
exitio.sii  ---Sannina  exitiosa. 
hospes,  197. 
impropriji,  2385, 2410. 

polistiforniis  =Sciapteron  polistiforrols. 
pyri,  2410. 

rubi  ?i.  sp.,  1363  —  Bembecia  margiuata. 
sp.,  302. 

syringa)  =Podo8e«ia  syringiB. 
tipniiformis,  55.  340, 481, 974, 1642,  2238. 
•  .ffigeriidw,  302,  .'•.76,  2341. 

life  habits,  2410. 
.Algerian  maple  borer.    A  new,  1360. 
^giale  cofacjui  —  Megathyipus  yncca. 

381 


382 


INDE^. 


^schna  constricta,  759. 

Agassiz,  L.    Criticism   of    entomological  state. 

inents,  44. 
Agave.    New  use  of  American,  1498. 
Agenia  architecta,  375. 

bombycina,  375,  543. 
cnpida,  375. 

subcorticalia  n.  sp.,  375. 
Agnomia  anilis,  785. 
Agonoderus  comma  =r  A.  pallipes. 
paUipes,  3, 1825, 2317.    • 
Agraulis  vanillse,  2410. 

Agricultural  advancement  in  the  United  States, 
1750. 
editorial  excursion,  1349. 
Agriculture  and  its  advancement.    Entomology 
and  its  relation  to,  1329. 
American  writers  on  insects  in  rela- 
tion to,  2238. 
Entomological  work  at  the  Depart- 
ment of,  1892. 
Insects  in  relation  to,  2238. 
Legislation  in  regard  to  insects  in- 
jurious to,  1468. 
New  insects  injurious  to,  2055. 
Agrilns  ruflcollis,  821, 1124, 1771. 
Agrion  binotatum  n.  sp.,  24. 

dentiferarum  n.  sp.,  39. 
hageni  n.sp.,  39. 
Agrotidai,  3,  868,  901, 964, 1504, 1522,  2310. 
Agrotis,  2238. 

annexa,  2291. 
clandestina,  901,  2291. 
cochranii  n.  sp.,  964= A.  messoria,  Harris. 
Description  of  a  new  species  of,  1409. 
devastatrix=Hadena  devastatrix. 
fennica,  2355. 
herilis,  964, 1059. 
inermis  =  A.  saucia, 
lycarum,  2156. 
maleflda,  2291,  2322. 

messoria,  901,  964,  1059,  1873,  2156,  2291, 
2331.  2363. 
Harr.  vs.  Agrotis     scandens 
Riley,  2156. 
morrisoniana  n.  sp.,  1499. 
repentis  =  A.  cochranii. 
saucia,  607, 1059, 1095, 1775, 1826, 1941, 2291. 
scandens  n.  sp.,  1059, 1408, 2156. 

Riley     vs.    Agrotis    messoria 
Harr.,  2156. 
sp.,  281. 

subgothica,  964, 1059. 
telifera  =  A.  ypsilon. 
tricosa,  964,  2324. 

ypsilon,  626,  658, 964, 1059, 1504,  2291. 
AiLANTHUs.  Insects  affecting,  1343. 

Attacus  cynthia.  899,  1179, 1343, 1460, 1718. 
CEta  compta=CE.  punctella. 

punctella,  1059, 1343. 
Samia  cytbia=  Attacus  cynthia. 
Ailanthus  silk- worm,  899, 1311, 1718. 

in  Missouri,  1460. 
naturalized,  1179. 
Air-holes  not  needed  in  sending  insects,  655. 


Alabama.  May  beetles  swarming  in,  1812. 
Moths  caught  in,  1774. 
Spread  of  Pieris  rapse  into,  1720. 
Alaria  florida  =  Rhodophora  florida. 
AlcathoB  caudatum,  481. 
Alcohol.  Bugs  in,  605. 
Aleochara  anthomyia  :=  A.  nitida. 

nitida,  2353. 
Aleocharini,  1729. 
Aletia  argillacea  =  A.  xylina. 

Aletia  xylina  vs.,  2339. 
Migrations  and  hibernation  of, 
1689. 
chrysalides.   Not,  1826. 
Chrysalides  supposed  to  be  those  of,  1775. 
Moths  mistaken  for,  1976. 
xylina,  328,  636,  1127,  1338,  1353, 1363, 1369, 
1649,  1657, 1689, 1702,  1712,  1719, 1721, 1722, 
1728,  1736, 1749, 1758, 1769, 1814, 1826, 1831, 
1845,  1852, 1882, 1888,  1903,  1914, 1932, 1953, 
1976,  1997,  2038,  2064,  2069,  2102,  2119, 2130. 
2141, 2155, 2164,  2295,  2343. 
Aletia  xylina.    (See  also  Cotton-worm.) 
Anatomy,  2343. 
Annual  generations,  1736. 
Bibliography,  2343. 
Bulletiu  No.  3,U.S.  Ent.Com.,1763. 
Characters,  1736,  2343. 
Classification,  2343. 
Destruction  of  the  moth,  1763. 
Destructiveness,  1763,  2343. 
Devices  for  the  destruction   of, 

2343. 
Flight  (powers  of),  1763. 
Habits,  2343. 
Hibernation,  1763. 
History  of  literature  of,  2343. 
Insects  liable  to  be  mistaken  for, 

2343. 
Invertebrate  enemies,  1763. 
Machinery  for  the  destruction  of, 

2343. 
Mechanical  means  of  kUluig,  1763. 
Meteorological    influence    upon, 

2343. 
Migrations,  1763. 
Natural  enemies,  1763,2343. 
Natural  history,  2343. 
Nomenclature,  2343. 
in  other  countries,  2343. 
Past  history  in  the  United  States, 

2343. 
Poisoning  the  worm,  1763. 
Preventive  measures,  1763,  2343. 
Remedies,  1763,  2343. 
Stages,  1763. 

Terrestrial  influences,  2343. 
in  the  United  States.  Hibernation 

of,  2141. 
Vertebrate  enemies  of,  1763. 
vs.  Aletia  argillacea,  2339. 
Wet  weather  (effects  of),  1763. 
Aleurodes,  221. 

on  Oxalis,  1791. 
AJlorhina  nitida,  54, 718. 


INDEX. 


383 


Alpine  flowers.    Fertilizers  of.  1838. 
Alwood,  W.  B.     Report  ou  Ohio  iusecta,  2382. 

Testa  vcith  insecticides  on  garden 
iusecta.  2382. 
Alypiaoctomaculata,  343, 1059,1127, 1130, 1208, 1363. 
Amara,  1643. 

Ambiguous  Ilippodaniia,  2119.  . 
Aniblycorypha  oblongi folia,  569,  1060,  11.57,  1329, 

1363. 
^tnblyuotns  ensiger  n.  «p.,  41  =  Ceroptres  petioli- 
cola. 
inemiis  n.  tp.,  41  =  Ceroptres  iner- 
mis. 
Amelanchier.     Lixus  parvus  on,  2404. 
America.    Problem  of  the  hop-plant  louse  in  En- 
rope  and,  2400. 
American  Agave.    New  use  of,  1498. 

A.  A-  S.    Entomology  at  the  1880  meet- 
ing of,  1893. 
Permanent  sabsection  of  ento- 
mology, 2027. 
bean  Bruchus,  l.noi. 
Cimbex,  2291,  2418. 
Entomological  Society,  621. 
Entomologist,  1309. 

Salutatory,  386. 
insects.  Imported  and  native,  1115, 1127. 
lackey  motb,  1301. 
Meromyza,  1058, 1059,  2291,  2394. 
Procris,  1127. 

Staphj-linidic  wanted,  1786. 
tent  caterpill.ir.    Eggs  of  the,  1329. 
Ames,  Iowa,  Osborn.  H.    Experiments  at,  2344. 
Ammophila  pictipennis  n.  sp.,  375,  543. 
Amorbia.   Pine,  2363. 
Amorpha  fruticosa.  TValshia  amorphella  on,  1127, 

2356. 
Ampeloglypter  ater,  821. 

sesostris,  821, 1059. 
vitis  =  A.  sesostris. 
Ampelophaga  myron,  837,  1056,  1086,  1127,  1247, 

1290, 1960. 
Ampelopsis.   Swellings  in  roots  of,  1428. 
Amphibolips  aciculata=:  A.  q.-spongifica. 
q.-inanis.  45,  518, 1448. 
q.-pranns,  518, 1606. 
q.-spongifica,  41,  45,  518,  1448. 
Arophiceros,  1747. 

bicaudatns,  2,  55, 249,  4^5,  517,633,  839, 
893,  1163, 1185, 1311,  1.329, 1747,  1776, 
1820. 
Ampliipyraconspersa7i.  sp.,  1301  =  Pyrophila  con- 
spersa. 
p}Tamidea  =  Pyrophila  pyramidea. 
*         pyramldoides:=Pvrophilapyramidoi- 
des. 
Hibernation  of,  1471. 
Amphiscepa  bivittata,  2116. 
Amputating  insects,  1556. 
Anabrus,  2267. 

parpurascens,  1959. 
simplex,  1959. 
Analcis  fragarias  n.  sp.,  1301  =  Tylodenna  fraga- 

rise. 
Anametis  grisea,  2117,  * 

Anaphora,  2536. 


Anarsia  lineatella,  2235. 

Aiiasa  tristis,  409,  825,  807,  1858, 1948. 

Auatis  ISpuuctata,  959, 1274, 1450, 1672. 

Anax  juuius,  1851,  24."i5. 

Auchylopera  fragiiriiu  ;i.  gp.,  400  ^  Phoxopterls 

fragaria'. 
Ancistrophus  n.g.,  821. 

l.-pisum  n.  »p.,  821. 
Anderson,  E.  IT.     Cottnn-worm  in  sonth  Texas  in 
1883.  2253. 
Report  on  cotton  insects,  2343. 
Audrena,  800. 

Andricns  q.-califomica,  1967. 
q.-flocci,  41. 
q.-operatola,  1352. 
q.-operator,  1352. 
q. -podagra),  41, 45. 
q.-punctata,  45, 1822. 
semiuator,  739,  821, 1037. 
Angoumois  grain-niotb,  2291. 
Angular  winged  katydid,  1363. 

Eggs  of,  1518. 
Animal  kingdom.  393. 
Aniseed  and  gr-iin-weevil,  1742. 
Anisodactylns  baltimoreusis,  627. 

con  fusus,  2012. 
Anisoplia  austriara.  1935. 
Anisopterys,  91,  96,  274,  717,  902,  910, 1391. 
eBscolaria,  1604. 

Differences  between  Anl- 
sopteryx    pometarla 
and,  1604. 
pometaria,  1127, 1363, 1423, 1438, 1482, 

1539, 1540, 1604,  2149,  2238, 2267. 
Variation  in  imagos,  1540. 
Venation  of  wings,  1540. 
vemata=  Paloacrita  vernata. 
Anisota  =  Dryocampa. 

rubieunda  =  Drjocampa  rnbicunda. 
Anomala  lucicola,  113. 

Varying,  2291. 
Anomis  erosa,  2343. 

exacta,  1651,  2343. 

texana  n.  sp.,  2343.  • 

urena,2119. 

xylina  =  Aletia  xylina. 
Anonymous  Tachina-fly,  1423. 1625. 
Anophtlialmus,  2033. 

Ant-hill.     Hemispherical  larva  at  bottom  of,  1780. 
Anthera'a  pernyi,  1311. 

yama-niai,  1311. 

as  a  silk-prodacor,  1346. 
Anthicus,  2105. 

Anthocoris  insidiosus  =  Triphleps  insidiosas. 
Anthomyia,  1643. 

angustifrons.  1541,  1557. 

brassicns,  2201. 

Cabbage,  2291. 

caloptoni  n.  sp.,  1541, 1557  =  angastl- 

frou.s,  Meig. 
ceparum,  225. 

Egg  parasite,  1570, 1625, 1643. 
zea'<  u.dT?..  657,  1069.  1065. 
AnthomyidsB.    North  American,  1966. 
AnthoQomus  crata;gi  n.tp.,  197,376, 1244. 
muaculua,  2322, 2331, 2363, 


384 


INDEX. 


Anthonomua  prunicida   n.    sp.,    33  =  Coccotorns 
Scutellaria. 
quadriglbbuS,  42,  254, 1088, 1173, 1176, 

1228, 1301, 1358,  2232. 
Buturalia,  2363. 
sycophauta  n.  sp.,  197,  821. 
tessellata  n.  sp.,  197. 
Antliophora  abrupta,  372,  1601, 1651. 
sponsa  =  A.  abrupta. 
Anthreni,  483. 
Anthrenus  musseorum,  492,  572. 

scrophulariiB,  1659,  1663, 1699, 1752. 
varius,  5772. 
Antigaster  n.  g.,  384  —  Enpelmua. 

niirabilis  n.  «p.,  384=^Eupelinu3  mira. 

bills. 
vs.  Eupelmus,  1932, 1978. 
Antiopa  butterfly,  1234. 
Autistrophus  n.  g.,  821, 1131. 

lygodesmise-piaum  n.  sp.,  821. 
Ants,  1278, 1736,  2418. 

Acridium  eaten  out  by,  1413'. 
and  aphidea,  520,  2300. 
in  Arizona.     Leaf-atripping,  2532. 
gardens.    Deatroying  black,  438. 
horticulture.    Utilization  of,  2089,  2137. 
injurioua  in  Arizona,  1987. 
neats  in  gardens,  496. 
Ked,  2309. 
Apantelea  acronyctfe  n.  sp.,  1960. 
aletijen.Si).,  1960,2343. 
cacoeciaj  n.  sp.,  1960. 
cassianus  n.  sp.,  1960. 
congregatua,  1247. 
flaviconcha!  n.  v.,  1960. 
glomeratua,  2291. 
hemileucse  n.  «p.,  2378,  2394. 
limenitidia  n.  sp.,  1301. 
megathymi  n.  sp.,  1960. 
niilitaiis  n.  sp.,  6,12,  1059,  1357,  1442, 

1670. 
paleacritie  n.  sp.,  1960. 
pieridivora  n.  v.,  2097. 
•  politua  n.  «p.,  1960. 

rufocoxalia  n.  v.,  1960. 
scitulus  n.  v.,  1960. 
smerinthi  n.  sjj.,  1960. 
theclae  n.  sp.,  1960. 
Apatura  alicia,  1363,  1977. 
»  celtia,  1356, 1363. 

clyton,  1356, 1363. 
herse  =  A .  clyton. 
lycaon  =:  A.  celtia. 
Apnelinns  mytilaspia,  1329. 
Aphid.    Bitten  by  an,  2205. 
Aphides,  952, 1736. 

Ants  and,  520,  2300. 
Aphididffi,  58, 198,  265,  518,  520, 1883,  2017,  2072,  2119, 
2230,  2359,  2407. 
Meana  agaiuat,  80, 102, 198,  508,  644,  678, 

1148,  1184. 
of  the  United  Statea.  Genera  of  the,  27. 
Notes     on     the, 
1678. 
Aphis.  Apple  borer  and  root,  1038. 

fkTensB  =  Nectarophora  granaria. 


Anhia,  Bad  work  of  the  grain,  1638. 
bella  n.  sp.,  27. 
brassicse,  1365,  2291. 
carduella  n.  sp.,  27. 
cerasi  =  Myzua  cerasi. 
Cherry,  9G0. 
Grain,  2394. 
Grape-vine,  170. 
Hop,  1001,  2291,  2394,  2418. 
maidis,  23,  27. 

mail,  59, 198,  201,  270,  291,  325,  413,  507,  539, 
550,  579,  591,  883,  952,  996, 1056, 1139, 1429, 
1899. 
prunifoliae,  678. 
quercifolisB  n.  sp..  27. 
ribis  =  Myzua  ribis. 
Root,  990, 1038.  • 

rudbeckiai  =Nect.<irophora  rudbeckisB. 
Bolani,  1679. 
viti.s,  27, 102, 170. 
vs.  rust.     Grain,  1806, 
Aphodiua  inquinatua,  1445. 
Aphorista  vittata,  2406. 
Aphrophora,  93. 

quadrangularis,  691. 
Apiaries.     Floating,  1785. 

Apiculture.  McLain,  N.  W.  Experiments  in,  2394. 
Report     on     experi- 
ments in,  2363,  24ia 
Apidie.  2098. 

Apion  lauguinosum  n.  sp.,  197  =  A.  walshii. 
Apioninie.     Gall-making  genus  of,  2231. 
Apis   mellifica,  13,  372,  441,  782,  833, 1455, 1774. 
Aplodes,  40. 

mimosaria,  40. 

rubivora  n.  sp.,  1059  =  Synchlora  rubl- 

■vora. 
veuustua  =  A.  mimoaaria. 
Apple  bark -lice  on  peara,  973. 
louae,  1552. 

Scurfy,  2305. 
borer  and  root  Aphis,  1038. 

remedy,  1023. 
borers,  870, 1583. 
Coleophora,  1721. 
Curculio,  1176, 1301, 1441, 2238. 

go  under  ground  to  transform  I 
Does  the,  1228. 
gall.    Grape-vine,  1329, 1898. 
growing  on  a  grape-vine,  403,  436. 
Apple.    Insects  affecting. 

Acrobaais  hammondi  — Pempelia  hammondi. 
Amphicerus  bicaud.atus,  249,  485,  517,  633^839, 

893, 1163, 1311, 1329, 1747, 1776, 1820. 
Anametia  grisea,  2117. 
Anthonomua  cratasgi,  1244. 

quadrigibbus,  42,  1088, 1176, 1228. 
1301,  2238. 
Aphis  mali,  201,  270,  335,  507,  539,  550,579,591, 

883, 996, 1139, 1429. 
Arctia  virginica  =  Spilosoma  virginica. 
Aspidiotus  conchiformis— Mytilaspis  pomo- 
rum. 
harrisii  =  Chiqpaspia  furfarnq, 
rapax,  2235. 
Attac^6  pecropia,  139, 1028, 1076.  V»\5. 


INDEX. 


385 


Apple.    Inbkcts  affkctino— Continaed. 

Bostrichiis  bicaudatus  =  Amphicoras  bicau- 
datua. 

Brochy.uena  aunulata,  684. 

Bucculatrii  pimiifoliella,  92, 1311, 1733. 

Bupri'stis  feuioriita:=Chry8obotbri8  femorata. 

Capsiit)  obliueatU8=:  LygU9  pratensis. 

Carpocapsa  pomonella,  330,  373,  467,  523,  565, 
7C9, 1010,  1022, 10J9,  1311,  1320, 1334, 1373, 1398, 
1606,  1077,1682, 1721,  L037. 

Caterpillars,  1054. 

Catydid,  29. 

Cecidoiuyia  sp.,  963. 

Ceresa  bubulus,  2195. 

Chaetochilus  ponionellus,  874. 

Chilocoru.s  bivulnerus,  731. 

Chionaapia  furfurus,  C9,  345,  373,  579,  951, 1061, 
1152,  2305. 

ChloroueuraniaIefica=Enipoascaviridescen3. 
maligna  :=Empoascaobtii8a. 

Chrysobothris  femorata,  20,  379,  537,  .^55,  634, 
870, 1059, 1423,  1475, 1513,  1640,  2238,  2267. 

Cliaiocampa  americana,  66,  77,  336, 1301,  2238. 

Coccus  harri9u  =  Cbiouaspi9  fuxfuras. 

Coelodasys  unicornia,  749. 

Coleopbora  malivorella,  1721. 

Conotrachelus  nenuphar,  1214. 

Corycia  veataliata,  744. 

Cybocephalua  califomicu.s,  2079. 

Datana  ministra.  467,  922,  2222. 

Diaspia  harriau  =  Chionaapis  furfurua. 

Dipteron,548. 

Elaphidion  parallelnm  =£.  villosam. 
villoaum,  839. 

Empoasca  nialcfica  =  E.  viridescene. 
maligna  =  £.  obtusa. 
obtusa,  22. 
viridescena,  22,  30. 

Epicffirna  iuibricatua,  296. 

Eriosoina  pyri  =  Schizouc'ura  lanigera. 

Euphoria  melancholica,  842. 

Euryomia  melancholica  =  Eaphoria  melan- 
cholica. 

Galls,  552. 

Gastropacbna  americana,  812. 

velleda  =:  Tolype  velleda. 

Haltica  punctipennia,  2383. 

Helops  micans,  963. 

Hemipteron,  243. 

Hyphantria  cunca,  112,  22-38. 

textor  =  n.  cunea. 

Itbycems  noveboracensis.  869, 1033, 1085, 1188. 

lalas  marginatu.s  =  Spirobolu9  marginatna. 

Ixodea  iinipunctata,  1133. 

Lagoa  opercularis,  145, 796. 

Larva,  758, 1054. 

Lepidopteron,  243,  602. 

Limacode8pitheciam=Phobetron  pithccium. 
ap.,  847. 

Limenitis  uraula,  145. 

Lygua  pratenai.s,  2. 

Lytta  cinerea  =:Macroba8i8  nnicolor. 

Macrobaais  unicolor,  38. 

Macrodactylaa  sabapinoana,  748. 

Mininga,  532. 

Mycetophila  peraicse,  963. 

25  ENT 


Apim.k.     Insectii  AFFKCTiNr,— Continued. 
Mytilaspia  ])OiiiicorliciH    -  M.  puuiorum. 

pomoruiii,  69,  -Jdl,  :M.'.,  373,  423,  565, 
951,073,  OB-MOJO,  1001,  132J,  1552, 
1772,22:18. 
Notodonta  cuucinna  =  CEdemaaia  concinDa. 
uuicoruia  ==CGBloda8yB  unicornis. 
Oberea  sp.,  1850. 
(Ecanthua  uivous,  1691. 
(£d(*maaia  concinna,  922. 
Orgyia  leucosti^iua,  1000, 1151,  2238. 
Papilio  gHiucua,  1018. 

tarnu.s,  J048. 
Pempelia  hainnipndi,  810. 
Pemphigus  pyri  =rSchizoneura  lanigera. 
Pbobetron  pitheeiun'.,  1272. 
Phoxopteris  iiubt-culana,  1721. 
Pbycis  iiuligiuella,  511,  574,  810,  949,  975,908, 

1069,  li:.l. 
Phycita  nobulo  =r  Phycia  indiginella. 
Polycaon  confertus,  2103. 
Prionus  laticollis,  2287. 
Psenocerus  aupernotatua,  1458. 
P.socus  venosus,  1263,1526. 
Reduvius  raptatorius  =Sinea  diadema. 
Saperda  bivittata  =S.  Candida.  ' 
calcarata.  963. 

Candida,  20,  67,  379,  421,  870,  962, 1023, 
1038, 1059,  1213,  1332,  1441, 1513, 1608, 
1630,  2238,  2260. 
Schizonenrahinigera,  373,467,495,  963,  997,  1038, 

1059, 1187. 
Sciara  mali,  211. 
Siuea  diadema,  638,  731. 
Solenobia,  38. 

Spilonota  ocalana=;Tmetocera  ocellana. 
Spilosoma  virginica,  296. 
Spirobolus  niarginatua,  963. 
Teras  Cinderella,  1311. 

malivorana,  1311. 
Tettigonia  ap.,  9Jl. 
Tineid,  77. 

Tmetocera  ocellana,  747. 
Tolype  velleda,  972. 
Tortricid,  847. 
Tremex  coluraba,  1126. 
Trypeta  pomoneUa,  177,  37.3,  1320,  1553,  2119, 

2238. 
Urocerid,  893. 
Xyleborus  obeaua,  1583. 
A^Ie.    Lappet  caterpillars  on  the,  072. 

Large  green  caterpillars  on  the,  1078. 
leaf  Bucculatrix,  1311. 

crumpler,  574,  949,  975,  908. 

mistaken    for     Curculio, 
1069. 
folder.    The  lesser,  1311. 
sewer.    Chapin'a,  1721. 
skelotonizer,  1311, 1322. 
tyer.    The  green,  1311. 
worm,  1322. 

Small,  747. 
maggot,  1553,  21 19,  2238. 

fly,  373, 1320. 
(ind  mountain  ash.     Plant-lonse  eggs  on, 
579. 


386 


INDEX. 


Apple.     Oak,  1448. 

Oyster-shell  bark -louse  of  the,  1329,  2238. 
and  peach  borers,  1475, 1513. 

pear.     Two  new  foes  of  the,  22. 
pest.    New,  2383. 
Pigeon  Tremex  in,  1126. 
plant-louse,  883. 
Plum  Curculio  breeds  in,  1214. 
root-blight,  997. 
borer,  2287. 

plant-louse,  373,  495, 1059. 
scions.     Swelliniis  on,  548. 
Small  reddish  snout-beetle  in,  1244. 
snout-beetle  or    fourJiumpnd  Curculio, 

1088. 
tree  bark-lice,  345, 1059. 

Native,  1152. 
louse,  255. 
borer,  1332, 1640. 

Flat-headed,  1059.  1423,  2238, 

2267. 
in      horse    chestnut.      Flat- 
headed,  1310. 
Insect  foes  of  the,  421. 
New  facts  about  the  round- 
headed,  1630. 
Oviposition     of    the    round- 
headed,  2266. 
Round-headed,      1059,      1G08, 

2238. 
Variations  in  the  two-striped 
1213. 
borers,  20,  67,  379,  962, 1059. 

on  south  side  of  trees,  634. 
bugs,  685. 

caterpillar.    Unicorn,  749. 
caterpillars,  06,  874,  922, 1054. 
cocoons,  139. 

Egg-masses  and  cocoons  on,  1000. 
Insect  foes  of  the,  467. 
insects,  77,  145,  201,  276,  296,  514,  731, 

1056, 1151, 1733. 
Lappet  caterpillar  on,  812. 
Large  motli  on,  1028. 
worm  ou,  1048. 
leaf  crumpler,  574, 1311. 
plant  lice,  270,  335,  591,  990, 1429. 
in  OreKon,  1899. 
Scab  in  apple  ?)«.,  1139. 
lousf,  1127.  , 

again.    Eggs  of,  550. 
Eggs  of  the,  507,  539. 
roots  caused  by  root-lice.    Knots  in, 
1187. 
Insects  afiecting,  963. 
scales,  69. 
Tent  caterpillars  of  the,  336,  1301, 

2238,  2291. 
tineid,  92. 

web-caterpillar,  112. 
worms,  511,  744, 810. 
trees.    Bark  lice  on,  423. 
Eggs  on,  638. 
Injured,  537. 

Insects  clustered  on,  1263. 
Native  bark-lice  on,  1061. 


Apple  trees.    New  York  weevil  on,  1085. 
Scarred,  951. 

Seed  ticks  under  bark  of,  1133. 
South.    Muscle-shaped  bark  louse 
on,  1774. 
twig.     Borer  in,  839. 

borers,  249,  485,  517,  633, 1163, 1311, 
1329, 1747,  1776, 1820. 
Flat-headed,  565. 
Small  borer  iu,  1458. 
twigs.    Catydid  eggs  on,  29. 

Eggs  on  grape  canes  and,  1323. 
Larva  boring  along  the  axis  of,  1850. 
Small  galls  and  minings  in,  552. 
vg.  apple-tree  plant  lice.    Scab  in,  1139. 
Woolly,  slug-like  worm  on,  796. 
worm,  211,  330,  376, 1022, 1059, 1666. 
iu,  177. 

natural  history,  remedies,  1373. 
Notes  on,  1682, 1721. 
trap.    Thomas  Wier's,  1312. 
worms,  523, 1010. 

by  machinery.    Killing,  769. 
Severe  cold  and  hibernating,  769. 
Apples  and  codling-moth.    Michigan,  1677. 
Melancholy  chafer  iu,  842. 
Kose  bug  on,  748. 
Appliances.    Remedies  and,  2375. 
Applied   entomology.    General    truths    in,  2291, 

2292. 
Apply  soap,  1367. 
Appropriations  for  United  States  Entomological 

Commission,  1843. 
Aquatic  larviB,  1851. 

Sphinx  larva,  1951. 
Arachnida,  1955. 

Characters,  59. 
Poisonous,  2399. 
Aragnomus  griseus,  2428. 
Aramigus  fuUeri,  1708, 1721, 1740,  2117. 

Habits  of,  1708. 
Archippus  butterfly,  1301. 

Pupa  of,  1235. 
Architects.    Galls  and  their,  518,  821. 
Arctia  Isabella  =  Pyrrharctia  Isabella, 
vlrginica  ^=  Spilosoma  virginica. 
virgo,  674. 
Arctic  insects,  2347. 
AretudsB,  2242. 
Argiope  riparia,  830, 1299. 
Argynnis,  1301. 

bellona,  1410. 
Argyramwba,  1959. 
Arhopalus  =  Cyllene. 

infaustus  :=  Cyllene  decorus. 
pictus  =  Cyllene  pictus. 
robiniiB  =  Cyllene  robinias. 
speciosus  =  Plagionotus  speciosna. 
Aristolochia.    Papilio  philenor  feeding  on,  1774. 
Arizona.     Ants  injurious  in,  1087. 
Arma  spinosa  =Podisus  spinosus. 
Army-worm,  11, 17, 120.  070,  876,  906, 1127,1442, 1482, 
1551,  1570,  2119,  2239,  2267,  2269. 
Additional  notes,  2001. 
and  canker-worm,  910. 
Complete  life-history  of  the,  1670. 


INDEX. 


387 


Arraj'-womi.    Eggs  of  the,  1484. 

and  its  i'ueiuie«,  10. 
The  fall,  125(5,  1267. 1282,  1301, 1482. 
Further  uotes  ou  the,  2J5;i. 
Further  notes    and   ohsorvations 

on  the,  1856. 
Hibernation  of,  7,  8,  2086. 
How  it  coiut'.s  ami  goes,  1442. 
Important  point   yet  to  ascertain 

in  its  history,  1442. 
Ichueuiuou  fly,  1127. 
and  its  insect  foes,  12. 
Natural  enemies,  1442. 

history  complete,  1551. 
in  New  York    and    other  Eastern 
States.     Supposed,  1990. 
.     Northern,  18.35. 

notes  and  inquiries :    its  work  in 

clover,  1877. 
in  1882,  2122. 
Parasites,  6,  10,  1670. 
Prospects.    Chinch-bug  and,  2087. 
que.'ition,  8,  9. 
Recent  outbreaks,  2262. 
remedies,  2090. 
Supplementary  notes,  1482. 
True,  G47. 

vs.  the  clover  hay  worm,  2090. 
in  the  West.    Genuine,  2009. 
Wheat-head,  1570,2418. 
worms.      Canker-worms  not,  1304. 
Prof.  Riley  on,  1800. 
Three  so-called,  328. 
What  are,  1400. 
Arrow- weed.    Carpocapsa  saltitans  on,  2173. 
AuTfMEsiA.    Insects  affecting. 
Cochylis  hilaraua,  1059. 
Galls,  1347. 
Articulatea,  Tersin.     Function    of  the    nervous 

system  of,  1959. 
Arzama  den.sa,  2357. 

obliquata,  2223. 
Asaphes  memnonius,  1874. 
Asclej)ia8.     Larva  on,  1535. 
Aseraum  moestum,  2267. 

Asexual  females.     Lichtenstein's  theory  as  to  di- 
morphic, 2072. 
Ash.     Borers  in  black,  1733. 

Cocoons  on  the  flowering,  950. 
colored  locust,  2363. 
destroyers.     Linden  and,  1847. 
gray  bli.ster  beetle,  1209, 1558. 
leaf-bng,  1127,1423,2418. 
pinion,  1301. 
Ash.     Lvsects  affkcting. 
Attacus  promethoa,  950. 
Fatna  denudatum,  1733. 
Hyphantria  eunea,  1733. 

textor  =:H.  cunea. 
Neoclytus  capra;.i  ?  1849. 
Parandra  brunnea,  1733, 1R76. 
Trochilium  denudatum  =  Fatua  denudatum. 
Xyloryctes  satyrus,  471. 
Ash  larva.     Prickly,  1914. 
and  mountain  ash,  705. 
Plant-louse  eggs  on  apple  and  mountain,  579. 


Ash  root  borer,  1876. 
saw-fly,  2291. 

trees  in  the  nursery.    Holes  around  Uu\  roots 
of,  471. 
Ashmead,  W.  U.     Report  ou  insects  injurious  to 

garden  crojis  in  Florida,  2388. 
Ashy-gray  lady-biril,  2119. 
Asia  Minor.     Hombylid  larvaj  destroying  locust 

eggs  in,  2118. 
A.silid  larva,  1643. 
Asilidn',  1543. 
AsUas,  660,  668, 1127. 

flies,  1127,  1543,  \r,5S,  1643,  1959. 

fly.     Large,  668, 1269. 

missouriensis  n.  «p.,  1127  =:  Proctacantliua 

milberti. 
sericeus,  668,  l.';43. 
Asopia  costalis,  83,  675,  948,  993, 1132, 1363,  2090. 
farinalis,  980,  2337. 
ollnalis,  1363. 
Asparagus  beetle,  .524. 
AsPAKAGU.s.    I.\sKrT.s  affecting. 
Crioceris  asparagi,  524,  ^135. 
12-punctata,  2135. 
Aepidiotns,  1, 389. 

aurantii,  2394. 

conchiformis^ilytilaspis  poraoruni. 
barrisii  n.  sp.,  2=Chlonaspis  furfurus. 
pinifolii  =  Chionaspis  piuifolii. 
rapax,  2235. 

salicis-nigraj  n.«p.=:  Chionaspis  sail- 
cis. 
Aspidoglossa  subangulata,  372. 
Aspila  viresceus,  1689,  2343. 
ASTEK.    Inskcts  affectiso. 
Diabrotica  vittata,  148. 
Epicauta  pennsylvanica,  38. 
Gortyua  nitela,  75,  940. 
Lytta  atrata  —  Epicauta  pennsylvanica. 
Aster  stalk  borer.     Dahlia  and,  940. 
Astoma  gryllarium  ;=Troiubidiuin  locustamra. 
locustaruiii  =■-  Tronibidium  locustarum. 
Trombidium  developed  from,  2071. 
Atbysanus  maritima,  2116. 
Atlanta  cotton  convention  address,  2038. 
Atomizers.     Sprinklers  and,  18.57. 
Atlantic  migratory  locust,  1423,  1625. 
Atta  fervens,  1964,2532. 
Attacaa  angulifcra,  1311. 

cecropia,  139,  209,  238,  277, 287,  297,  .542, 629. 
635,  786,  832,  841,  911,   1028,  1029,   1076, 
1112,  1215,  1249,  1311,  1533. 
cyuthia.542,899,  1179, 1311,1343, 1460,1718, 

22P4. 
luna=  Actias  luna. 
polyphemus=:  Telea  polyphemns. 
pronietliea.259,  268.  604,629.  950, 1311,  I486, 

1797,  2204.  • 
ricini,  1718. 
Attagenus  injunng  feathers,  56. 

mfgrttoina,2113. 
Attractive  but  untrue,  1644. 
Attus,  2302. 
Aulax,  318. 

Austrian  pines.     False  caterpillars  on  Scotch  and, 
1011. 


388 


INDEX. 


Azalea.    Beetles  on,  156. 

Prasocuris  varipes  on,'156. 
Bacillus  alvei,  2418. 
Back-rolliug  wonder,  1363. 
Bacterial  disease  of  the  imported  cabbage-worm 

2251. 
Bacterium,  2251. 
Bad  packing,  837. 

Baetis  famorata  ;=  Silpblurus  femoratus. 
>  iuterlineata  n.  sp.,  39  =  Silphlurus  femora- 

tus. 
sicca  11.82}.,  '■-4- 
Bffitiscan.  <;.,  24. 

obesa.    Pupa  of,  43. 
Bag- worm,  1059, 1U90, 1189, 1650,  2378. 
New,  1441. 

at  South  Pass,  Til.,  1156. 
Thyridopteryx  ephemeiieformis.    Re- 
marks on,  2272. 
worms,  182,  266,  538,  641, 738, 1036. 
again,  815. 
and  borers,  1472. 
Ways  of,  1424. 
Bahia,  Brazil.    Cotton  culture  and  the  insects  af- 
fecting the  plant  at,  1788a. 
Bailey,  J.  S.    Tree  borers  of  the  family  Cossidse, 

2253. 
Balaninns  rectus,  1310, 1311. 
Balsam  fir.    Lachnas  strobi  on,  1039. 
Bamboo  Sinoxylon,  2454. 
Banded  Ips  in  calyx  of  pear,  1239. 
Baridius  sesostris  ^=  Ampeloglypter  sesostris. 

trinotata  =  Trichobaris  trinotata. 
Bark  beetles,  295. 

borer.     Hickory,  938, 1329. 

Peach-tree,  2047. 
borers,  220. 

boring  beetles.     Packard   on  the  develop- 
ment of,  2267. 
lice,  1,  204,  935,  944,  989.  994, 1007. 
again,  1040. 
on  apple-trees,  423,  1059. 

Kative,  1061. 
Curculio  and,  487. 
eggs  iu  Missouri.    Supposed,  1084. 
on  grape-vine,  1212. 
Maple,  1004. 
Means  against,  104. 
Native  apple-tree,  1152. 
on  the  pear,  982. 

pears.     Ajiple,  973. 
Preventive  of,  1012. 
remedy,  896. 
on  rose  bushes,  1303. 
louse,  987,  1397,  1583. 
Apple,  1552. 

on      apple  -  trees    South.      Muscle- 
shaped,  1774. 
enemy,  154. 

Imported  apple-tree,  255. 
Insect  foes  of  the,  417. 
in  Missouri.     Oyster-shell,  1169. 
on  Osage  orange,  389. 
Oyster-shell  apple,  1127,  1329,  2238. 
Scurfy  apple,  2305. 
Tulip-tree,  271. 


B.\KI.EY.      IKSECTS    AFFECTING. 

Lachnosterna  fusca,  2394. 
Nectarophora  grauaria,  2394. 
Sohizoneura  sp.,  2394. 

Siphonophoraavenie=: Nectarophora  grauaria. 
Barley-root  louse,  2394. 

P.  M.  Webster.    Insects  affecting,  2394. 
Barnard,  W.  S.    Macliiiiery  for  destroying  Aletia, 
2343. 
Tests  of  machinery  for  destroying 
the  cottou-worm,  2253. 
Basket-worm,  271,  1059,  1090,  1650. 
Bass.    Insects  from  stomach  of  rock,  1793. 

Larva;  in  stomach  of  black,  1792. 
Bassus  bioapillaris  n.  S2}.,  385. 
ruticrus  n.  sp.,  385. 
semifasciatus  n.  sp.,  385. 
tripicticrus  n.  sp.,  385. 
Bass-wood.    Dipteion  ou.  548. 
Batrachedra  salicipomonella,  821. 
Bazille,  Louis.'  Obituary,  2370. 
Be  on  the  guard,  708. 
Bean.    Insects  affecting. 

Bruchus  faba3,  1001,  1031,  2127,  2238. 
granarius,  1120. 
obsoletus,  1155.  1232,  1296. 
Epilachna  corrupta,  2235. 
Lytta  cinerea=  Macrobasis  unicolor. 
Macrobasis  unicolor,  38. 
Bean.    A  new  enemy  to,  2418. 

weevil,  1155,  1296,  2127,  2238. 
American,  1301. 
Beans.    Buggy,  1031. 
Beautiful  wood  nymph,  1127,  1363. 
Bed  bugs,  1502. 

Lepidium  vs.,  1741. 
Bedeguar  of  the  rose,  1939. 
Bee  bread  devoured  by  worms,  1293. 
Bug  preying  on  honey,  13. 
disease.    Possible  cause  of  the,  704. 
enemy,  1186. 
fly,  1959. 

killer.    Nebraska,  1127,  1311. 
killers,  1513. 
Beetle  named,  627. 

Remarkable  felting  caused  by  a,  2113. 
iu  Russia.     Excessive  injury  b\%  1935. 
on  sugar  maple,  1014. 
in  thistle.  169. 
Beetles,  1736. 

around  peach  trees,  751. 
Food-habits  of  ground,  17C0. 
in  dried  English  currants,  1260. 
in  flouring-mills,  1261. 
injuring  cabbages  and  fuchsias,  1868. 
in  stomach  of  meadow  lark,  1013. 
in  the  corn-iield,  2317. 
Mites  p.arasitic  on,  315. 
named,  732,  802,  806,  1172,  1187. 
on  buttercup  and  azalea,  150. 
Plant-feeding  habits  of  predaceous,  1956. 
supposed  to  be  feeding  on  wheat,  1746. 
swarming  about  the  lawn,  718. 
under  dead  fish,  817. 
working  in  whe.at,  oats,  and  rye,  1259. 
Belated  individuals  of  the  periodical  Cicada,  618. 


INDEX. 


389 


BKlfrapf,  G.  W.    Olutniiry,  2161. 

Belostoiiia  aiueruaimiu,  -173,  :>34,-  733,  1570,  1584. 

gianilo—  B.  aiiicriiMiitini. 
Belvoisia  bifusciata.  i;;'J9,  •2M:i. 
Bembecia  marginata,  570,  ]3C;!,  1454. 

rubi  =  B.  niargiuat:i. 
Benibex  lasciaia,  543. 

niargiunta,  2230. 
Benibidium  4-iiiaciilatuni,  3. 
Bennett,  T.     Ileport  of  expeiinicuts  at  Trenton, 

X.  J.,  2344. 
Berberry.     AphididaB  on,  &44. 
Berne.     Phylloxera  convention  at,  2147. 
Berry  and  clierry  twiics,  1503. 
Besclireibiuijxeiner  deu  Bhneu  schadlicheu  Gall- 

niiicke,  2392. 
Be-st  s  fruit-tree  inviporator  again,  530. 

iuvigorator  ouce  more,  545. 
Betula  nigra.     Acionycta  on,  2280. 
Biliio  albipeunis,  257,  683. 
BibionidjE,  2076. 

Bibliograpliy  of  I'all  literature,  2059. 
Bidens  chrysanthauioides.     SyrphUs   sp.  caught 

by,  1761. 
Bill  bug.     Corn,  2291,  2418. 
Bidrbiza  forticornis,  41,  745. 
Birch.     Clytua  sp.  ?  on,  2267. 
Bird  question  dispassionately  considered,  1708. 
Birds.     Professor  Riley  in  favor  of  the,  1675. 

Eelation  of  Carabid.e  and  Cocciuellidas  to, 

2152. 
i'«.  insect.s,  199.  369. 
Bittacus  apterus.     Habits  of,  2092. 
Bitten  by  an  aphid,  220.5. 
Bitter-sweet.    Eiicbenopa  binntata  on,  1913. 

White  waxy  secretion  on  stems  of, 
•      1913. 
Black  ants  in  gardens.     Destroying,  43S. 
ash.    Borers  in,  1733. 
bass.     Larva  in  stomach  of,  1792. 
blister  beetle,  10.59, 155S. 

beetles  on  potatoes,  1381. 
breeze  fly,  1127. 
bug,  314. 

currant.     Currant-'wonus  and,  1079. 
grape- vine  caterpillars,  1018. 
knot  once  more,  930. 
legged  tortiiise  beetle,  1127. 
potato  beetles.     Large,  1206. 
rat  blister  beetle,  1059,  ir>58. 
walnut.     Insects  feeding  on  sap  of,  1195. 

and  willow.    Enemiesof  the,  2333. 
Blackberry  borers,  302. 

cane  bonTs,  576. 
gall  insects.  318. 
Pithy,  li:U. 
Galls  on,  203. 
Blackberry.    Ix.skcth  affectixg. 

.Sgeria  rubi  —  Bembecia  marginata. 

8p.,302. 
Agrilns  rnflcollis,  1771. 
Bembecia  marginata,  576, 1364,  1454. 
Diastrophus  cuscnla-tormi.s,  009. 

nfbulo.sus,  263,  010, 1131. 
sp.,  318. 
Eudemis  botrana.  1232. 


Blackiiekrt.    iNsErTB  AFFECTixo— Continued. 
Lecauiuni  sp.,  117. 

Lobe.KJa  hot  i  ana  —  Eudemis  Imtrana. 
Oberea  bimaculatii,  ."02,  783, 1303. 

pwrspicillata  —.  O.  bimaculata. 
tripuut  tata,  1503. 
OJcanthus  uiveus,  1503. 
Psvlla  rubi  ^  Trioza  tripunctata. 
Trioza  tripunctata,  069. 
Blackberry.     New  insect  foe  of  the,  609. 

and  raspberry  canes.    Gouty  galls 

on,  1771. 
scale,  117. 

twig.     Fuzzy  galls  on,  609. 
Pithy  galls  on,  610. 
Blastobasis  iceiya'clla  n. up.,  2394. 
Blastophysa  71.  *</.,  2272. 

celtidis-geuima  n.  up.,  2272. 
Blatta,  2267. 

gemianica  =  Ectobia  germanica. 
Blattida;,  573, 1858. 
Blennocanipa  pygaia?a,  1050, 1252. 
Blepharida  rhois,  849,  1.363. 
Blepharocerida-,  1981,  2004. 
Blight.     Apple  root,  91>7. 
Blind-eyed  Smirinthus,  1912. 
Going  it,  588. 

as  those  who  shut  their  eyes.     None  so,  275. 
Blissus  leucopterus,  0,  90, 180,  398,  548,  880,  888,  890, 
891,894,895,1008,1127,1357,  1402,  1423,1432.1453, 
1508,  1538.  1081,  2018,  2039,  2048,  2087,2119,2143, 
2237,2252,2271,2418. 
Blister  beetle.     Ash-gray,  1059, 1209, 1558. 
Black,  1059, 155s. 

rat,  1059, 1,558. 
Margined,  1059, 1558. 
on  potatoes.     Black,  1381. 
Retarded  development  in,  1860. 
Striped,  1059,  1558. 
beetles,  134,  289,  301,  302,  1059,  1558,  2238. 
2418. 
Larval  characters  and  habits  of, 

1600. 
from  New  Mexico,  1796. 
Notes  on  life-historj-  of,  1661. 
Pear  leaf,  1739. 
Blcod-red  ladvbird,  2119. 

sucker  and  pear  slug,  1253. 
sucking  cone-nose,  795,  854. 
Conorbiniis,  2291. 
Blow-fly.     Cheese-fly  and,  1266. 
Bluebird.    Ichneumouid  from  stomach  of,  1878. 

Larva"  from  stomiich  of,  1871. 
Blnebirds  feeding  on  parasitic  and   predaceooa 

insects,  1885. 
Blue  caterpillars  of  tho  vine.  1127, 1363. 

8])angled  ]ieach-worni,  1301. 
Bogus  chinch-bn^,  1127, 1423. 

Colorado  potato-beetle.  1558. 

bug,  519. 
Thrips.     True  Tlirips  and,  203. 
Yucca  moth.     True  and,  1804. 
Boll-worm,  821.  1301, 1.^53,  2119,  2104,  2343. 
Report  on,  2164. 
worms  fei'diiig  on  cabbage,  1915. 
Bombardier  beetle,  Kansas,  1311. 


390 


INDEX. 


Bombus,  800, 1032, 1226. 

Hibernation  of  the  queens  of,  1032. 
pennsylvanicus,  800. 
virginicus,  1774. 
Bombycidse,  1718. 
Bombylid  larvae  destroying  locust  eggs  in  Asia 

Minor,  2118. 
Bombylii,  1959. 
Bombyliidre,  2118. 

Larval  habits,  1947,  2169. 
Life-habits,  2002. 
Natural  history  of  certain,  1928. 
Bombylius  major,  1947,  1959. 
Bombyx  arrindria,  899. 

mori  =^  Sericaria  mori. 
Bordered  soldier  bug,  1059. 
Borer,  47. 

Borers,  55, 141,  233,  907, 1083. 
Bag-worms  and,  1472. 
Brimstone  for,  931. 
Canker-worms  and,  941. 
Tansy  for,  1016. 
Boston.    Entomologists  at,  1894. 
Bostrichus  :=  Amphicerus. 

bicaudatus  =  Amphicerus  bicandatus. 
Botis.     Cauliflower,  2232. 

repetitalis,  2232. 
Botflies,  114. 

fly.    Cattle,  2238. 

Horse,  2238. 

Sheep,  2238. 

Squirrel,  526. 

Botrytis  rileyi,  2232. 

Bots,  1563. 

Bowels.    LarvjB  in  human,  382. 
Box  Psylla,  2291. 
Brachinus,  802. 

americ.inus,  802. 
Brachyrhynchus,  553. 
Brachytarsus  variegatus,  18, 1461, 1479. 
Bracon  charus  n.  sp.,  1423. 
Cherished,  1423. 
scolytivorus  n.  sp.,  1329. 
Bradynotes  opimus  n.  sp.,  1959. 
Brandt  on  nervous  system  of  insects,  2225. 
Branner,  J.  C.    Cotton-caterpillars  in  Brazil,  2343. 
Preliminary  report  of  observations 
upon  insects  injurious  to  cotton, 
orange,  and  sugar-cane  in  Brazil, 
2277. 
Brauer  on  Hirmoneura.     Review  of,  2275. 
Braula  coeca  not   particularly  injurious  to  the 

honey-bee,  1982. 
Brazil.    Branner,  J.  C,  on  cotton-caterpillars  in, 
2343. 
insects    injurious    to 
cotton,  orange,  and 
sugar-cane  in,  2277. 
Lignified  snake  of,  2136. 
Breakfast.    Entomological,  2311. 
Breeding-cages,  695. 

silk- worm  8, 1648. 
Breeze-fly.    Black,  1127. 
Brenthian.    Northern,  1363. 
Brimstone  for  borers,  931. 
British  pest,  2413. 


Broad-necked  Prionus.    Eggs  of,  1329. 

winged  katydid,  1329, 1363. 
Brochymena  annulata,  684. 
Brown  mantispian,  1243. 

Brown's  answer  to  inquiries  about  Colorado  po- 
tato-beetle.   Mayor,  1491. 
Bruchus  of  Europe  just  imported.    Grain,  1120. 
fabfB  n.  sp.,  1301, 1631,  2127,2238. 
Grain,  1301. 
granarius,  1120,  1301. 
obsoletus,  1155, 1232, 1296. 
pisi,  434, 1120, 1301, 1357, 1916,  2238. 
Bruner,  L.    Additions  to  the  chronology  of  locust 
rav.ages  in  1880-'81,  2267. 
List  of  North  American  locusts,  2267. 
Notes  on  other  locusts  and  the  west- 
ern cricket,  2267. 
from  Nebraska,  2291. 
Observations  in  the  Northwest  on  the 
Eocky  Mountain   lo- 
cust, 2165. 
on  the  Rocky  Mountain 
locust  and  other  in- 
sects   in   thg    North- 
west during  the  sum- 
mer of  1883,2277. 
Report   on   the    abundance    of    the 
Rocky  Mouutain  locust 
in  1885,2363. 
locusts     in     Texas     iu 

spring  of  1886,  2382. 
Nebraska  insects,  2382. 
of  the  season's  observations 

in  Nebraska,  2418. 
on  the  Rocky  Mountain  lo- 
cust in  Montana  in  1880, 
2267.     . 
the  Rocky  Mouutain  lo- 
cust in  Wyoming  and 
Montana,  etc.,  in  1881, 
2267. 
Bucculatrix.    Apple-leaf,  1311. 

pomifoliella,  92. 1311, 1733. 
thuiella,  1311. 
Buck  fly,  595. 

moth,  1329. 
Buckeye  leaf.    Sericoris  claypoleana  on,  2114. 

stem-borer,  2114. 
Buckwheat  to  de.?troy  insects.     Use  of,  1744. 

Webster  on  insects  affecting,  2394. 
Bnd-eaiing  insects,  1408. 
Buffalo.     Entomology  in,  2035. 

gnat  problem  in  the  Lower  Mississippi 
Valley,  2416. 

Southern,  2291, 2394,  2418. 
gnats,  2394. 

Webster  on,  2388. 
tree  hopper,  415,1329. 

injurious  to  potatoes,  2107. 
Bug.    A  most  precious,  575. 
Buggy  beans,  1631. 

peas,  1916. 
Bug-hunter  in  Egypt,  372. 
hunters.    Cruel,  440. 
(,  354. 
in  alcohol,  605. 


INDEX. 


391 


Bugs.    Hogs  v».,  387. 
Our,  2374. 
Toads  r«.,  1103. 
BDhach.    Co<|nillett  on  the  production  and  manu- 
facture of,  2364. 
Bulletin  Div.  Ent.  U.  S.  Dept.  Agric,  Xo.  1, 2164. 

2, 2165. 
3,  2253. 
4, 2277. 
6,  2304. 
8,  2315. 
9. 1724. 
*  10, 2378. 

11, 2344. 
12,  23G4. 
13, 2382. 

14,  2388. 

15,  238S. 
Michigan    Agric.   College,   No.   39  (Re- 
view), 2501. 

United    States    Entomological  Commis- 
sion, No.  1,  1577. 

2,  157a 

3,  1736. 
6,  2026. 

Bumble-bees  vs.  red-clover,  2376. 

"What  becomes  of,  1032. 
Bundle  of  entomological  queries,  550. 
Buprestidae,  821,  2267. 
Buprestis  divaricata  ^Dicerca  divaricata. 

femorata  =Chr.v8obothris  femorata. 
Burr-oak.     Insects  stripping  the,  066. 
Burgess,  E.    Anatomy  of  Aletia,  2343. 
Burying  beetles,  315,  845. 
Bushels  of  butterflies,  238. 
Butalis  cerealella,  1232. 
Buteo  pennsylvanicus,  643. 
Buthus  carolinianns,  453,  1119. 
Butler,  A.  W.    The  periodical  Cicada  in  south- 
eastern Indiana,  2364. 
Buttercup.    Beetles  on,  156. 

Insects  affecting. 
Adimonia  rufosan guinea,  156. 
Galeruca  rufosanguinea  =:  Adimonia  rufosan- 
guinea. 
Butterflies.    Bushels  of  238. 

caught  b}'  the  tongue,  1761. 

Controlling  sex  in,  1352. 

Effects  of  cold  applied  to  the  chrys- 

alids  of  1778. 
Hackberry,  1350, 1363. 
Imitative,  613. 
Migrations,  1770,1991. 
Migratory,  1622,  1635. 
named,  461. 

of  New  England.    Notice  of  Scud- 
der's,  2464. 
North   America.    Review  of  Ed- 
ward's, 395,  479,  623,  827. 
Odor  in,  2025. 

Philosophy  of  the  pupation  of,  1711. 
Swarm  of,  400,  1050. 
Butterfly  chrysalis,  1-535. 

Goat-weed,  1117,1127,1329. 
larva.    Carnivorous,  2359. 


Butterfly  larva  injurious  to  cotton  squares,  1872. 
pine-trcc-8,  2121. 
larva?.     Summer  doiraancyof,  1410. 
named,  6G6. 
tongue,  1815. 

trees  of  Monterey  again,  2052. 
wings.  Cheniiealchangoin  colorof,  1935. 
Byrsocrypta  pseudobyrsa  »».  »p.,  27. 

vagabuuda  ii.  sp.,  27. 
Cabbage  Anthomyia,  2291. 

bug.  ilarbquin,  1099, 1311, 1534,  2238,  2263, 
■  2291. 

butterfly.    Imported.  1127,  2291. 
Laiger,  2232. 
Southern,  1127. 2232, 2238. 
cut-worms,  2291. 

Rc-medies  for,  2J91. 
flea-beetle.    Colorado,  2291. 
insects,  1297,  2291, 2418. 
Cabb.\ge.    I.s.sects  afkectixq. 
Agrotis  anncxa,  2291. 

clandestina,  2291. 
malefida,  2291. 
me.<»soria,  2291. 
saucia,  2291. 
telifera  =  A.  ypsilon. 
ypsilon,  626,2291. 
Anthomyia  brassica',  2291. 
Aphis  brassica?,  1365,  2291. 
Botis  repetitalis,  2232. 
Caloptenus  spretus,  2291. 
Doryphora  10-lineata,  2291. 
Elaterid,  740. 

Epica^rus  inibricatus,  1868. 
Iladcna  devastatrix,  2291. 
Heliothis  armigera,  1915. 
Lygus  lineolari8=  L.  pratensis. 

praten.sis,  2291. 
Mamestra  chenopodi  =:M.  trifolii. 
picta,  1127,  2232. 
subjuncta,  2291. 
trifolii,  2232. 
Murgantia  histrionica,  1097,  1297,  1311,  1634, 

2238,  22G3,  2291. 
Nysius  ans;ustatus,  2291. 
Oscinis.  2291. 

Phyllotreta  albi»nica,  2291. 
vittat.i,  2J91. 
zimmermani,  2291. 
Pieris  monuste,  2232. 

oleracca,  835, 1127,  2232,  2238. 
protodice,  1127,  2232,  2238. 
rapa>,  1127,  1257,  1279.  1294.   16M,  1721, 
2221,  2232,  2238.  2251. 2298. 
Pionea  rimosalis,  191.5,  2232. 
Plnsia  l.rassicii",  1127,  2232, 2238. 
Plutella  .nuiferaruni,  1291,  1297,2232. 
Strachia  hlsirionica=  Murgantia  histrionica. 
Cabbage-lice,  136>. 

Mam  tjHtra,  2232. 

Oscinis,  2291. 

pest.   Our  new,  1257. 

pesfs,  '40. 
Pionea.  2232. 
plant-louse,  2291 


392 


INDEX. 


Cabbage  plants.   Cut- worms  severing,  626. 
Plusia,  1127,  2232, 2238. 
Plutella,  1291,  2232. 

■worm.  Bacterial  disease  of  the  imported, 
2251. 
Imported,  2232,  2238,  2291. 
A  new  remedy  for  the  imported, 

2298. 
parasite,  2221. 

in  the  South.   The  imported,  1714. 
Successful  introduction  of  a  para- 
site of  the  imported,  2291. 
The  westward  progress  of  the  im- 
ported, 1694, 1721. 
Zebra,  2232. 
worms,  835, 1127, 1279, 1915,  2232. 
upon  gillyflowers,  614. 
Remedy  for,  1920,  2232. 
Safe  remedies  for,  1948. 
Cabbages  and  fuchias.    Beetles  injuring,  1868. 
Cabinet  pests.    Means  against,  1057. 
CaccEcia  fractivittana,  2475. 
riloyana,  1059, 1192. 
rosaceana,  735. 
T-marked,  2363. 
Cactus  lady-bird,  2119. 

Caddis-worms.     Carnivorous  habits  of,  1839. 
Calandra  granaria,  510,  586, 1259, 1673, 1083, 1742. 
oryzsB,  510, 1673, 1683, 
remotepunctata,  15. 
Calaphis  n.  g.,  27. 

betulella  n.  sp.,  27. 
Calathus  gregarius,  2418. 
California.   Chinch-bug,  2431. 

Truit  insects  in,  2245. 
Fuller's  rose-beetle  in,  1740. 
Grape  Phylloxera  in,  1727. 
Grasshopper  ravages  in,  2323. 
Injurious  insects  in,  2074. 
Interest  in  economic  entomology  in, 

2053. 
Introduction  of  Lestophonus  icerya 

into,  2522. 
Locust  ravages  in,  1959. 
migratory  locust,  2363. 
Overflow  bug  in,  2099. 
Phylloxera  in,  2140. 
Promotion  of  silk-culture  in,  2006. 
red  scale,  2394. 
Winged  Phylloxera  in,  1895. 
Californian  locust,  1959. 

orange  insects,  2373. 
Callidium  anteuuatum,  50,  319. 

janthinum,  50,  319. 
Callidryas  philea,  1271. 

Secondary  sexual  characters  of,  1784. 
Callimorpha  fulvicosta  =  C.  lecontei. 
lecontei,  1301. 
sp.,  1871. 

vestalis  =  C.  lecontei.       ' 
Calliphora,  1390. 

vomitoria,  1266. 
Callipterus,  1678. 

Callochlora  viridis  =  Parrasa  chloris. 
Calloaamia  angulifera  =  Attacus  angulifera. 


Callosamia  promethea  =  Attacus  promethea. 
Callostoma  fascipennis,  2075,  2118. 
Calocoris  chenopodi,  2458. 

rapidns,  2363. 
Calomicrns.     Characters  of,  1799. 
Calophya  nigripennis  n.  sp.,  2272. 
Caloptenobia  n.g.,  1643  — Scelio. 

ovivora  n.  sp. ,  1643  =  Scelio  fameli- 
cus. 
Caloptenus,2267. 

atlanis  n.  sp.,  1423, 1549, 1643, 2198, 2232, 
2363. 
Packard  oiv^e  development  of, 
2267. 
bivittatus,  1959. 
devastator,  2323, 2377. 
difi"erentiali8, 1423,  1549,  2323. 

Epidemic  disease  of, 2240 

Dimorphism  in,  1889. 

femur-rubrum,  147,  475, 1423, 1437, 1451, 

1549,1598,1643,2471. 

Mite  infesting,  146. 

spretus,  147,  368,  373,  475,  536,  926,  929, 

1423,   1433,  1434,   1437,  1451. 

1452,  1456,   1473,   1481,  1482, 

1488,  1492,   1493,   1494,  1495, 

1501,  1521,  1.^27,   1532,  1538, 

1541,  1549,   1555,   1557,  1562, 

1564,  1565,  1566,  1567,  1570, 

1571,  1572,  1573,   1575,  1576, 

1577,  1578,  1582,   1585,  1588, 

1596,  1598,   1612,   1613,  1614, 

1615,  1617,  1643,   1669,  1674, 

1693,  1959,   1994,   1998,  2003, 

2005,  2007,  2040,  2044,  2057, 

2267,  2276,   2291,  2335,  2366. 

(See    also    Locust;     Kooky 

Mountain  locust.) 
Agricultural  bearingsof,  1643. 
Aid  of  animals  against,  1643. 
Air-sacks  of,  1959. 
Anatomy  of,  1643. 
Animals  as  foes  to,  1643. 
Autumn  flights  in  1877, 1643. 
Birds  that  feed  on,  1643. 
Brain  of,  1959. 
Breeding-grounds  of,  1643. 
British-American  data,  1643. 
Characters,  1625. 
Chronological  history,  1625. 
Chronology  of  ravage.s,  1643, 

1959. 
Classiflcation,  1643. 
Colorado  data  for  1877, 1643. 
Crops  as  affected  by,  1643. 
Dakota  data,  1643. 
Destruction(devices  for)  ,1643. 

(means  of),  1643. 
Development  of,  2267. 

as     influenced 
by    meteoro- 
logical condi- 
tions, 1959. 
Devices  for  destruction  of, 
1643. 


INDEX. 


393 


Caloptenusspretua.    Distribution  of,    1625,  1643, 

1959. 
(southern    lim- 
its on.  1959. 
Effects  that  follow  severe  in- 
jury. 1C43. 
Eggs,  1643. 

in  same  ground  for  two 

consecutive      years, 

1643. 

Enemies  (invertebrate),  1643. 

(natural),  1625. 1959. 

(vertebrate),  1643. 

Fires  (influence  of  prairie), 

1643. 
Flight,  1959. 

(powers  of),  1959. 
Flightsin  1877  (autumn),  1643. 
from  1877  to  1879, 1959. 
General  considerations,  1625. 
Habits,  1625, 1643. 

(at  night).  1643. 
Histology,  1643, 1959. 
Injury    (efleets    that  follow 

severe),  1643. 
Invertebrate  enemies  of,  1643. 
Iowa  data,  1643. 

for  1877,1643. 
Kansas  data  for  1877, 1643. 
Losses  cau.sed  by,  1643. 
Means  against,  1959. 
Metamorphoses,  1643. 
Meteorological  conditions  (in- 
fluence of,  on  migrations), 
1959. 
Migrations,  1643, 1959. 

(influence  of  me- 
teorological 
conditions  on), 
1959. 
in  1877, 1643. 
Minnesota  data,  1643. 

for  1877, 1643. 
Missouri  data  for  1877, 1643. 
Native  home,  1625. 
Natural  enemies,  1625, 1959. 
Natural  hi.story,  1625, 1643. 
Nebraska  data,  1643. 

for  1877, 1643. 
New  Mexico  data,  1643. 
Night  habits  of,  1643. 
Nomenclature,  1643. 
Parasites  on  eggs,  1612. 
Permanent  breeding-grounds 

of.  1643. 
Powers  of  injury,  1625. 
Practical  considerations,  1625. 
Prairie  fires  and,  1(>43. 
Previous  visitations  of,  1643. 
Bavages  of  (chronology  of), 
1643, 1959. 
(east  of  the  Mis- 
sissippi), 1625. 
(relative  to  .agri- 
culture), 1959. 


Caloptenusspretus.     Remedies,  1643. 

.StatiHticH  of  losses  caused 

by,  1643. 
in  the  temporary  region  af- 
ter thu  departurejof  the  re- 
turn swanuH,  1643. 
Texas  data,  1957. 

for  1877, 1643. 
Transformations,  1625. 
travel.    Direction  in  which 

young.  1643. 
Uses  of.  1643. 
Utah  data,  1643. 
Vertebrate  enemies  of,  1643. 
Visitation  of,  1643. 
"Weather  (efi^ects  of).  1643. 
Wings  (time  of  year  when 

ac(iuircd).  1643. 
Young    in    country    where 
they  hatch,  1625. 
CalopteroD  and  Photinus.    Food  of,  2358. 
.   reticulatum,  800. 
terminale,  806,  2358. 
Calosoma  calidum,  721, 1274, 1314, 1357, 1672. 

scrutator,  1226, 1898. 
Calves.     Lice  on,  889. 
Cambala  annulata,  193, 236. 

multistriatus  =  C.  annulata. 
Camel  cricket,  1059. 
Camnula  atrox,  1959. 

pellncida,  1959,  2044,  2313, 2363. 
Campoplex  fugitiva— -Limueria  fugitiva. 
Camptonotns  scudderi,  2276. 
Campyloneura  vitripennis,  1301. 
Canadian  Entomologist  (Review),  395,  479,  827. 
Canker-worm,  86, 172, 1021, 1066, 1127, 1363,  2012. 
again,  173. 

Array-worm  and,  910. 
Cure  for,  1426. 
Fall,  1423, 1482,  2238. 
Howell,   A.  J.     Experience   with 

the  Spring,  2267. 
once  more,  274. 
parasite,  717. 
Spring,  1423,  1482,  2238. 
worms,  91,  96,  .^02, 1482,  2267, 2270. 
not  army-worms,  1304. 
Borers  and,  941. 
Concerning,  2149. 
Remarks  on,  1438. 
at  the  West,  15.'t9. 
Can'na  flavida.    Famphila  ethlius  feeding  on,  1897. 

Hesperid  larva  feeding  on,  1897. 
Cannibal  mites,  624. 
Cantharis  cinerea  =  Macrobaai8  onicolor. 

vesicatona,2118. 
Canthou  chakite.-*,  1172. 

hudsonias  ^^C.  Iwvis. 
lavis,  1172,1386. 
Cape.    Grape  Phylloxera  not  at  tlie,  1841. 
Capitalizing  specific  names,  2170, 2257. 
Capnia  minima.  1141. 
Capsns  oblineatu8  =  Lygns  pratensis. 

4-vittatu9  =  P(Bcilocap«nK  lineatus 
Carabida-,  1537, 1726, 1738, 1760, 1956. 


394 


INDEX. 


Carabidje  and  Coccinellid»  to  birds.    Kelations 
of,  2152. 
Food    relations    of, 
2151. 
Curculio-feeding  habits  of,  372. 
Horn's  classiflcatiou  of,  2051. 
Mode  of  oviposition  of,  2341,  2355. 
Care  of  entomological  specimens.     On  the,  2290. 
Carnivorous.    Are  honey-bees,  2098. 

butterfly  larva,  2359,  2361. 
habits  of  caddis-worms,  1839. 
propensities  of  plant-feeders,  1867. 
Carolina  sphinx,  1262. 
Carpet-beetle.    The  imported,  1699. 
Trapping  the,  1752. 
bug,  1659. 
pests,  1663. 
Carpets  in  Texas.    A  tineid  on,  2531. 
Carpocapsa,  934. 

poraonella  57,  307,  330,  367,  373,  377, 
387,  454,  467,  523,  565,  769,  977, 1010, 
1022,  1056,  1059, 1254,  1301, 1311,  1320, 
1329,  1334, 13G3, 1373,  1394, 1398,  1476, 
1496,  1609, 1666, 1695, 1721, 1887,  2037, 
2230,  2261,  2293,  2418.  ^, 

sal  titans,  1496, 1609,  2163,2173.  ' 
Carrying  out  the  law,  1993. 
Carteria  laccse,  2119. 
larreae,  2119. 
mexicana,  2119. 
Case-bearer.    Dominican,  1363. 

Lepidopterous,  260. 
Walnut,  1311. 
Cassida,  94, 1238. 

anrichalcea  =  Coptocycla  aurichalcea. 

bivittata,  681, 993, 1127, 1.511). 

clavata  =  Coptocycla  clavata. 

nigripes,  1127, 1510, 1697. 

pallida  =:  Coptocycla  aurichalcea. 

5-punctata  n.  sp.,  767  =  Physonota  uni- 

punctata. 
texana,  2096,  2215,  2235. 
Cassididaj,  105,  767,  973, 1056, 1082, 1510. 
Castor  bean.    Locusts  eat  the,  1645. 
Catalogues  and  monographs,  1765. 
Catalogus  coltopterorum,  1866. 
Catalpa  sphinx,  2119,  2291. 
Cat-bird.    Tipula  eggs  in  stomach  of  the,  1735, 

1745. 
Catcher.    Dr.  Hull's  Curculio,  651. 
Caterpillar  nuisance,  1995. 
Caterpillars  named,  857, 1276. 

Stinging,  1748. 
Catocentrus  n.  g.,  385. 
Cattle  bot-fly,  2238. 
Catydid  eggs,  29,  247. 

as  an  enemy  to  Doryphora  10-lineata,  313. 
Catydids.     Food  of,  143,  241. 
Cauliflower  Botis,  2232. 
Cause  of  variation  in  organic  forms,  2460. 
Cave  fauna  of  Kentucky.     Coleopterous,  2033. 
Cecidomyia,  1077, 1461. 

albovittata  n.  gp.,  46. 
carbonifera,  1924. 
cornutaM.  sp.,A6. 
Cranberry,  194. 
crataegi-bedeguar  n.  gp.,  376. 


Cecidomyia  cuprcssi-ananassa  n.  sp.,  1180. 

destructor,  6,  62,  122,  150, 157,  250, 426, 
494,  711,  1506,  1581,  1587,  1665, 1690, 
1721,  1787,  2008, 2031,  2235,  2267,  2331, 
2365,  2395,  2398. 
impatientis,  852. 
legumiuicola,  1690, 1721,  2238. 
orbitalis  n.  «^.,46. 
oryziB,  1949. 
q.-pilula3  n.  sp.,  41,  799. 
q.-symetrica,  799. 
s.-iEnigma  /i.  sp.,  46  =  Acarus  s.-aenig- 

ma. 
s.-batatas  n.  sp.,  46. 
s.-brasaicoides  n.  sp.,  46,  518. 
s.-cornu  n.sp.,iG,  197. 
s.-coryloides  n.  sp.,  46,  518. 
s.-gnaphalioides  n.  sp.,  46. 
s.-hordeoides  n.  sp.,  46. 
s.-nodulusn.  sp.,  46. 
s.-rhodoides  n.  sp.,  46. 
8. -semen  »i.  sp.,  4b  =r  Acarus  s.-semen. 
s.-siliqua  n.  sp.,  46, 1170. 
s.-strobiliscus  n.  sp.,  46, 197. 
s.-strobiloides  n.  sp.,  46,  518. 
s.-triticoides  w.  sp.,  46. 
8. -verruca  ti.  sp.,  46. 
secalina,  2267. 
solidaginis,  798. 
sp.,  799,  963. 

tritici  =  Diplosis  tritici. 
tubicola,  1232. 

v.-coryloides  n.  sp.,  518, 1329. 
v.-lituus  =C.  v.-viticola. 
v.-pomum  n.  sp.,  403,  518,  128i,  1329, 

1898,  2136. 
v.-viticola,  791, 1077,  1116, 1329. 
Cecidomyid  gall  on  Cratasgus,  376. 

in  wheat,  18. 
Cecidomyidie,  294,  518,  799. 

on  grape.    G.^ll.s  of.  111. 

salix.    Galls  of,  46, 197. 
new  species,  40. 
Cecil's  books  of  natural  history  (Review),  506. 
Cecropia  Cryptus,  1301. 
moth,  1112. 

caterpillars,  786. 
cocoon,  635, 
silk-worm,  1311. 

Remarkable  abundance  of, 
2511. 
Tacbina  fly,  1311. 
worm,  1215, 1249. 

on  elder,  1533. 
Cedar.    Insects  affkcting. 
Callidiam  antenuatum,  319. 

janthinum,  319. 
Cerambycid,  1324. 

Thyridopteryx  ephemerseformis,  427. 
Cedar  longicorns,  319. 
Celaena  reniger.a  =  Hadena  renigera. 
Celery.    In'sects  AFFEcriNG. 

Buprestis  divaricata  =  Dicerca  divaricata. 
Dicerca  divaricata,  1063. 
Tettigonid,  452. 
Trocliilium  sp.,  1063. 
Celery.    Leaf-hoppurs  on,  452. 


INDEX. 


395 


Celtis.  2208. 
Centennial  insects,  1611. 

Those.  1511. 
Central  America.     Prevalence  of  screw-worm  in, 
2158. 
Soport  on  cotton  crop  and  its 
enemies  in,  2343. 
Cephalomyia  ovis  =  CEstrus  ovia. 
Cerambj-cidje,  1324,  2267. 

Food  babits  of,  1902.  . 

Cerastopborus  cinctus  =  Chion  cinctus. 
Ceratiua  diipla,  1171. 
Ceratocauipa  iraperiali8  =  'EacIe.s  iroperialis. 

regalis=:Citheronia  rej;alis. 
Ceratomia  catalpa?,  2119. 

hageni,  2119.      . 
CercopididtB,  882. 
Cercopsylla  n.  g.,  2272. 

sideroxyli  n.  sp.,  2272. 
Cereals.     Insects  injurious  to,  2238. 
'  Ceresa  bubalus,  415, 1323, 1329,  2107, 2195,  2235. 
Cermatia  forceps,  752,  764, 1154. 
Cerococcus  quercvis,  2119. 
Ceropales  ruflventris  n.  sp.,  37.5,  543. 
Ceroplastea  cirripediformis,  2450. 

»i.*p.,19G4. 
Ceropsylla  n.  g.,  2272. 

sideroxyli  n.  «j>.,  2272. 
Ceroptres  ensiger,  41. 
flcus,  745. 
inermis,  41. 
petiolicola,  41. 
Cerotoma  camiuea,  2418. 
Cenira  multiscripta  n.  ep.,  1411. 
Cetonia,  2105. 

inda  =  Euphoria  inda. 
Cbaerocampaparapinatrix  =  AmpelophagamjTon. 
Chietocbilus  pometellus,  874. 
Cha;topborn.s,  1678. 
Cliietoptria  bypericana,  2076. 
Chafer.    Melancholy,  522. 

Kose,  1329. 
Chalcid  egg  parasites.    Efficacy  of,  2115. 

fly,  1643, 1959. 
Cbalcididffl,  128,  384,  2115.  2,343. 

Joint- worm  not  one  of  the,  49. 
Chalcia  albifrons  n.  gp.,  6  :=  Smicra  albifrons. 
fly,  1059. 
Inflating,  1059. 

maria)  n.sp.,  1112=^Spilochalci8  mariic. 
Mary,  1311. 
ovata,  2343. 
Chalcophora  virginiensis,  2267. 
Chalepus  tracbypygu.-},  273,  1911. 1949. 1973,  2119. 
Cbanibers.  V.  T.    Obituary,  2218. 
Change  of  habit,  2096. 

in  vegetation  caused  by  locusts,  1495. 
Chapin's  apple-leaf  sewer,  1721. 
Chariesterns  antennator.  847. 
Chauliodes.     Larval  characteristics  of.  1652. 
pectinicorni.><,  712. 
ra.stricomis,  712. 
( 'hanliognathus  pennaylvanicus,  372. 374, 1959. 
Cheese-fly  and  blow-fly.  1266. 

Other  insects  aflfeclitg,  1703. 
skipper,  1700. 


Chelifer  cancroides,  1884. 
Cbelymorplia  argua,  767. 

cribraria  :=C.  argns. 
Chemical  changes  in  the  color  of  butterfly  wings, 

1930. 
Cbenopodium  hybridum.    Lixus  macor  bred  from, 

2404. 
Cherished  bracon.  1423.     • 
Chernetida3, 1884. 
Cherry  aphis,  960. 

borer.     Flat-headed.  2267. 
Caterpillars  neat  on  wild,  242. 
Cocoon  on  wild,  259. 
C'HF.KKY.      Is.SF.CT.S  AFFECTINO. 

Acarid,  1265: 

Aphis  ceraai  =  Myzus  ceraai. 

Attacus  polypbemus.  1164. 

prometbea,  257. 
Dicerca  divaricata,  2267. 
Eriocampa  cerasi,  1222. 
Hyphautria  cunea,  242. 

textor=  II.  cunea. 
Myzus  cerasi,  9C0, 1007, 1207, 1251. 
QCcanthus  uiveus,  1503. 
Scolytus  rugulosua,  1940. 
Selandria  cerasi  =  Eriocampa  cerasL 
Telea  j)olyi)hemu3=  Attacus  polypbemus. 
Cherry  plant-lice.     Destroying,  1207. 

and  their  foea,  1251. 
tree  borers,  1063. 

plant  lice,  10(J7. 
trees.     Minute  borers  in,  1940. 
Slug  on  i)ear  and,  1222. 
twigs.     Berry  and,  1503. 
Chester  onion  pest,  2319. 
Chestnut.     Gall  on,  353. 

Gregarious  worms  on  horse,  1192. 
Phylloxera  ap.  on,  353. 
Chicken  mite,  1308. 
Chickweed.    Geometer,  1059,  1154. 

Haimatopis  grataria  on,  1059,  1154. 
Chilo  orj-zaeellus  n  gp.,  2119,  2120. 
Chilocorus  bivulnerus,  38,  188.  301,  417.  730.  731. 

1554,  1798,  1883. 
CHLNA-TUEE.      I.NSECT8  AFFKCTINO,  1964. 

Atta  fervens,  1964. 
Ceroplaates  ap.,  196J. 
Lecanium  sp.,  1964. 
Chinch-bug.  584,  880,  891,  894.  1127, 1423. 1508, 1681, 
2018,  2039,  2048,  2271,  2363.  2418. 
and  ariny-worui  prospects,  2087. 
IJogus,  1127,  1423. 
Bug  allied  to.  90. 
Bugs  on  grape-vines  mistaken  for, 

398. 
Diseases  of.  2143. 
False,  1329,  1423,  2291.  241& 
in  Xew  York,  22.17,  2252.  2271. 
not  in  seed  grain,  888. 
notes,  2119.  2291. 
once  more,  890,  894. 
bugs.  S.  A.  Forbes.    ETperiinenta  on.  2165. 
Gennine  r».  bogus,  1402. 
Locusts  vs.,  1^2. 
Chion  cinctiio,  sri. 
Chionaepis  euronymi,  2403. 


396 


INDEX. 


Chionapsis  furfiirus,  2,  188,  264,  345,  372,  373,  579, 
951,  1008,  1040,  1061,  1152,  1554,  1968, 
2305. 
pinifolii,  97,  1329,  2079. 
salicis,  373. 

nigriE  n.  sp.,  373  =:  C.  salicis. 
Chipman,  A.  J.    Locust  uotes  in  1880,  2267. 
Chiro  omus,  167,  625.  • 
Chlfenius  inipunctifrons,  2340. 
Chlamys  plicata,  1363. 
Chlorion  cajrnleum,  543. 
Chloroneura  7i.g.,  22=Empoasca. 

abnormis  n.  sp.,  22  =  Empoasca  ab- 

normis. 
maleflca  n.  sp.,  22  =  Empoasca  viri- 

descens. 
n3aligna7i.«p.,22  =  Empoasca  obtusa. 
Chloroperla  brunnipeunis  n.  sp.,  24. 
fumipennis,  24. 
nana  n.  sp.,  24. 
Chlorops,  1461,  2060. 
Chorinaeus  cariniger,  385. 
Chortophaga  viridifasciata,  1566. 
Chronology  of  locust  ravages  in  1880-'81,  2267. 
ChrysididiV,  375. 
Chryaobothris,  934. 

femorata,  2,  6,  55,  352,  377,  379,  537, 
555,  578,  634,  870,  1059,  1227,  1250, 
1316,  13G7,  1423,  1454,  1472,  1475, 
1513, 1640,  2267. 
Chrysocbua  auratus,  735,  790. 
Cbrysomela  bigsbyana,  323. 

cy'anea  :=  Gastroidea  cyanea 
philadelpbica,  323. 
scalaris,  45. 
Chrysomelida;,  323,  2229. 
Chrysopa  plorabunda,  584, 1127. 

sp.,  372,  533. 
Cicada.  189,  213,  372, 431. 

alias  the  seventeen-year  locust.     Period- 
ical, 1159,  1971,  1979. 
Belated  individuals  of  tbe  periodical,  648. 
canicularis  =  C.  tibiceu. 
cassini  =  Tibicen  cassini. 
Fungus  in,  1809. 
in  Iowa.     Seventeen-year,  1737. 
Little,  1242. 

in  Massachusetts.    Periodical,  2321. 
Note  on  the  periodical,  2318. 
our  first  brood  established.    Periodical, 

707. 
pai-vula  =  Melampsalta  parvula. 
Periodical,  474,  527,  619,   1059,  1159,  1489, 
1624, 1836,  2014,  2216,  2312,  2314, 2315,  2318, 
2320,  2363. 
Premature  appearance  of  the  periodical, 

2320, 2326. 
pruinosa  =  C.  tibicen. 
in  savin-twigs.     Eggs  of  tbe  periodical, 

698. 
aeptendecim  =  Tibicen  septendecim. 

Influence  of  climate'on  2329. 
Instinct  of,  2144. 
Some   popular    fallacies    re- 
garding, 2367. 
Seventeen-year,  1034,  1093,  1698,  2312,  2314. 


1997. 


920. 


Cicada.    Song  notes  of  the  periodical,  2334. 

in  southeastern  Indiana,  Butler,  A.  "W. 
The  periodical,  2304. 
Massachusetts.    Period- 
ical, 2216. 
Sting  of  the,  371,  372,  407. 
tibicen,  920,  1034,  1546. 
tredecim  =  Tibicen  tredecim. 
Twigs  punctured  by  periodical,  1055. 
years,  51. 
Cicadas,  26,2311. 

Cotton-worms  and, 
Destroying,  2305. 
and  walking-sticks 
Cicadida;,  431. 
Cicadula  exitiosa,  1766. 
Cicindela  repanda,  1763. 
6-guttata,  347. 
vulgaris,  628. 
Cicindelidas,  719.  . 

Cimbex  americana,  699, 1380, 1514,  2291,  2333,  2418. 

laportei  =  C.  americana. 
Cioidffi,  1937. 

Circotettix  maculatus  n.  sp.,  1959. 
Circular  No.  1,  United  States  Entomological  Com- 
mission, 1575. 
2,  United  States  Entomological  Com- 
mission, 1576. 
9,  U.  S.  Dept.  Agric,  Div.  Ent.,  2303. 
Cirrhophanus  triaugulifer,  2189. 
CiiTospilus  esurus  n.  sp.,  1712=  Tetrastichus  esu- 
rus. 
flavicinctus  n.  sp.,   in  Lintner's  first 
report.     (See  foot-note  1,  p.  379.) 
Cis  fuscipes,  1737. 
Citheronia  regalis,  425,  629,  702,  775,  803,  800, 1087, 

1275. 
Clemens,  B.    Obituaryj223. 
Cleonus  sp.,  1755. 
Cleora.    Evergreen,  23G3. 
Cleridpe,  13G3. 
Clerus  nigripes  =  C.  4-guttatu8. 

4-guttatus,  200. 
Click-beetle  larva>,  1543. 

beetles,  84,  351,  1625.   ' 
Climate  on  Cicada  septendecim.    The  influence  of 
2329. 
for  Doryphora,  1412. 

on  prolongation  of  life  of  in.sects.   Efiects 
of,  1129. 
Climbing  cut-worms,  1059. 

Clisiocampa  americana,  66,  77, 112,  240,  277,  33G,  350,  ^ 
363,  642.  819, 1181, 1301, 1352,  2238. 
disstria,  240,  291,  328,  363,  645,  646,  C88, 

1127, 1181, 1200, 1301, 1331. 
sylvatica=C.  disstria. 
Cloantha  dernpta,  2410. 
Clce  dubia  n.  sp.,  24. 

ferruginea  n.  sp.,  24. 
fluctuans  ti.  sp..  24. 
mendax  n.  sp.,  2i. 
Close  of  the  first  volume,  701. 
Clostera  americana  =;  Ichthyura  inclusa. 
Clothes  moths,  70, 1633. 

observed  in    the    United    States, 
2146. 


1NL)K\. 


397 


Clover.     Army-worm    notes    and     imiuiries,    its 
work  on,  18T7. 
beetle.     Flaveseent,  3tU4. 
Bumble-bees  vg.  red,  2376. 
enemy.     New  imported,  2028. 
hay-worm,  1363. 

ArTn}--wornj  vs.,  2090. 
Clo\'ek.    Insects  affecting,  1690, 2050. 

Asopia  costalis,  83,  675,  948, 1132, 1363, 2090. 
Cet-idomyia  lejjuminicola,  1690, 1721,  2238. 
Drasteria  erecbtea,  1459. 
Hylesiuus  trifolii,  1690, 1721, 1777, 1846. 
Leucania  unipimcta,  1877. 
O.icinis  sp.,  2394, 

Pliytononius  pinictatus,  2010,  2028, 2061,  2119. 
Pyralis  olinrlis^  Asopia  costalis. 
Sitonos  flavesceiis,  2394. 
Clover-leaf  beetle,  2119. 

weevil.     Furtber  notes  on,  2061. 
New  imported  enemy  to,  2010. 
root  borer,  1721, 1846,  2512. 
seed  midge,  1721,  2238,  2291. 
stem  maggot.  2394. 
■Webster,  F.  M.    Insects  affecting  white, 

2394. 
weevil,  1777. 
worms,  83,  675,  948, 1132. 
Clubbed  tortoise  beetle,  1127, 1558. 

Larva  of,  1238. 
Cluster  flies.    Notes  on,  2174. 

fly,  2128. 
Clydonopteron  ra.gr.,  1929. 

tecomae  n.  gp.,  1929. 
Clytus  capra'a  =Neoelytus  caprsea. 
Oak,  2267. 

pictus  =  Cyllene  pictus. 
robini»  =  Cyllene  robiniiE. 
speciosus  =  Plagionotus  speciosua. 
Coccid  mistaken  for  a  gall,  1972. 
Coccidaj,  1329,  1883,  1968,  '2088,  2137,  2235,  2520. 

Means  against,  104,  218,  264,301,487,508, 

944,  2372,  2373,  2403. 
Monograph  of,  1828. 
Coccinella  munda  =  C.  sanguinea. 

sangninca,  6. 
Coccinellidie,  69,  322.  323,  639,  8^4, 1883, 1956,  2119. 

to    birds.    R(dations    of   Carabida> 

and,  2152. 
Food    relations    of   Carabidm    and, 

21.51. 
Habits  of,  125. 
Coccotorus  scutellaris,  33,  34, 42, 254,  373,  377, 1301, 

1378. 
Coccus,  159. 

harrisii  =;  Cbionaspi.s  furfunis. 
Cochylis  hilarana,  10.59. 
Cocklebnr.     Rhodoba-nus  13-punctatu8  on,  1301. 

Spbenopboms,  1301. 
Cockroach  eggs,  573. 
Cockroaches.     Means  against,  1197. 
Cockscomb  elm  gall,  1384. 

Codling  moth,  57,  307,  373,  1022,  10.59,  1127,  12.S4, 
1329,   1334,  1363,  1476,  1677,  2119. 
2293,  2418. 
again,  1301, 1311. 
heresies,  1398. 


Codling  moth.  Jarring  down  infesfo*!  fruit,  1318. 
Mieliigan  apples  and,  1077. 
«  Wier's  trap,  1334. 

Cadiodes  ina^qualis^Craponius  intcqualis. 
Cirlodasys  unicornis,  749,  880, 1280. 
Coffee-borer,  498. 

Cohn,  F.     The  Hessian  fly  in  Silesia  in  1869,  2267. 
Colaspis,  372. 

barbara,  1301. 

ttavida,  129,  1.33,  135,  231,  993,  1301,  1311. 

1904. 
Grape-vine,  231, 1301. 
Cold  applied  to  chrysalids  of  butterflies.    Effects 
of,  1778. 
on  Carculio.     Influence  of  extreme,  1335. 
and  hibernating  apple-worms.     Severe,  2037. 
on  insects.    Etfecf  s  of  severe,  1818. 

the  scale  insects  of  the  orange  in  Florida. 
Voyle,  J.     Effects  of,  2277. 
Coleophora.    Apple,  1721. 

malivorella  n.  gp.,  1721. 
Coleoptera,  1329, 1904,  2267. 

Classification   of    North    American, 

2085. 
Mj-rmicophilons,  ?105. 
of  Nortli  America.     The  new  classifi- 
cation of.  2175. 
Parasitic,  2353. 
Willow-galls  made  by,  46. 
Coleopterornm.     Catalogus,  1866. 
Coleopterous  cave  fauna  of  Kentucky,  2033. 

larvas.     Remarkable,  40. 
Colias.    The  genus,  2259. 

philodice,  461. 
Collecting  and  preserving  insects,  881, 1057. 
Colonies.     Silk-cnltun-  in  the.  2278. 
Colopha  niniicola.  27, 137, 151,  518, 1384, 1678. 
Colorado  beetle  poisonous  ?    Is  the,  1405. 
cabbage  flea-beetle,  2291. 
grasshopper,  502. 

potato-beetle,   21,   991,    1059,  1311,    1329, 
1363,    1423,   1482,    1558, 
1570,2291,2294,2418. 
abroad,  1.364,  1407,1431. 
again,  ir.Ol. 
Bogu.s,  1558. 
in  Europe,  1597. 
Experience    with     the, 

1.518. 
Inquiries   concernins 

the,  1401. 
Insect    enemies   of   the, 

411. 
Mite  parasite  of  the,  1505. 
Native  home  of  the,  1462. 
in  New  nan)i»»liire,  1859. 

New  York,  1379. 
Onward    march    of   the, 

1218. 
poisonous  f    In  the,  1483. 
Poisonous     qualities    of 

the,  1425. 
Specific  for,  1400. 
potato-bug,  293,  334, 366. 
Bogus,  519. 


398 


INDEX. 


Colorado  potato-bug.    Poisonous  qualities  of  the, 
1101. 
bugs.    To  destroy,  650. 
Coloration  in  insects.    Unity  of,  50. 
Come.    Still  they,  908. 
Common  Curculio  and  its  allies,  254. 

flesh-fly,  1423, 1570,  1625, 1643. 
longicom  pine-borer,  2291. 
May  beetle.    Eggs  of,  1329. 
Commoner  insects.    Notes  on  our,  1802. 
Companion  wheat-fly,  2394. 
Complimentary,  504. 

Corapositse.    Antistrophus  confined  to  the,  1131. 
Compsomyia  macellaria,  2256. 
Comstock  on  the  classification  of  insects,  2390. 
Diaspinff,  2227. 
J.  H.   Report  on  miscellaneous  insects, 
2119. 
Conchylis  erigeronanan.  sp.,  1968. 
cenotherana  n.  sp.,  1968. 
Conclusions.    Jumping  at,  253. 
Cone-nose.    Blood-sucking,  795,  854. 
Confessing  the  corn,  256. 
Confounding  friend  with  foe,  1378. 
Conocephalus,  2267. 
Couorhinus.    Blood-sucking,  2291. 

sanguisugus,  497,  795,  854. 
Conotrachelus,  934. 

anaglypticus,  372. 
crataegi  n.  sp.,  35,  358, 1301, 1358. 
geminatus,  34. 

nenuphar,6,  33,  42,50,98,188,  237,254, 
290,  329,  367,  372,  373,  377,  387, 439, 
487,  501,  566,  589,  620,  649,  680,  703, 
873,  930,  958,  978,  1056,  1059,1062, 
1069,  1071,  1129,   1135,  1173,  1177, 
1201,   1214,  1258,  1301,  1325,  1357, 
1358, 1372, 1477, 1685,  2230,  2296. 
puncticollis  n.  sp.,  34^  C.  gemina- 
tus. 
Controlling  sex  in  butterflies,  1352. 
Convolulaceae,  Insects,  1238. 
Cook  on  insecticides.     Review  of,  2501. 
Cooke's  injurious  insects  of  the  orchard.   Review 

of,  2245. 
Copidryas  gloveri,  2486. 
Copper  nnderwing.    Spattered,  1301. 
Copris  carolin.a,  416. 
Coptocycla,  1238. 

aurichalcea,  681,  736,  802, 1127, 1510. 
bivittata  =  Cassida  bivittata. 
clavata,  693,  742,  767, 1238, 1558. 
guttata,  1127, 1510. 
nigripes  =  Cassida  nigripes. 
Coquillett,  D.  W.    Remedies  for  cottony  cushion - 
scale,  2394. 
Report  on  the  gas  treatment  for 
scale     insects, 
2418. 
locusts  of  the  San 
Joaquin      Val- 
ley, California, 
2363. 
production     and 
manufacture  of 
buhach,  2364. 


Cordulia  ?  molesta  n.  sp.,  39. 
Cordyceps,  332,  478. 

ravenelii,  594,  640. 
Coreus  tristis  =  Anasa  tristis. 
Corimelsena  pulicaria,  354,  637,  741, 1046. 
Corn  bill-bug.  2119,  2291,  2418. 
borer,  754. 
Confessing  the,  256. 
Curculio,  1042. 
cut- worm,  1059. 
ear- worm,  2238. 
feeding  Syrphus-fly,  2422. 
fields.     Beetles  in,  2317. 
Corn.    Insects  affecting,  2119. 
Agonoderus  pallipes,  2317. 
Anthomyia  zeaa,  657,  1059, 1066. 
Aphis  maidis,  23. 
Butalis  cerealella,  1232. 
Calaudra  granaria,  1683. 

oryzfe,  1683. 
Cetonia  inda  =  Euphoria  inda. 
Cut-worm,  1073. 

Diabrotica  longicornis,  1905,  2187. 
Empretia  stimulea,  754. 
Euphoria  inda,  1655. 
Gortyna  nitela,  754. 

sp.,  138. 
Hadena  sp.,  1047. 

Heliothis  armigera,  192, 1301, 1664, 2119,  2238. 
Ips  fasciatus,  4. 

4-8ignatu8  =  I.  fasciatus. 
Lepidopteron,  162. 
Mesograpta  polita,  2422. 
Noctuid,  181. 

Pempelia  ligno.sella,  2119. 
Sphenophori,  2030. 
Sphenophorus  robustus,  2119. 

sculptilis,  337, 1042, 1301. 
zeas  =  S.  sculptilis. 
Com  insects.    Potato  and,  138. 

Larval  habits  of  Sphenophori  that  attack, 

2030. 
A  new  enemy  to,  1905. 
foeof  the,  337. 
insect  foe  of  green,  1655. 
pest.    Unknown,  1073. 
plant  louse,  2418. 
root  Diabrotica,  2187. 

louse,  a  new  enemy  to  the  corn,  23. 

rustic,  105Q. 

Serious  injury  to  stored  and  cribbed,  1683. 
Sphenophorus,  1301. 
stalk  borer.    Smaller,  2119. 
Webster,  F.  M.    Insects  aflfecting,  2418. 
worm,  192,  820, 1301. 
"Worm  in  181. 
worms,  162, 1047, 1664,  2119. 
The  w.ir  on,  1522. 
Corrected.    A  few  errors,  977. 
Correction,  939. 

Entomological.  1328. 
Phylloxera,  1355. 

Corrodentia,  2267. 
Corticaria  pumila,  2418. 
Corycia  vestaliata,  744. 


INDEX. 


399 


Corydalus  cornutns,  130,  308,  473,  1329,  1570,  1584, 
1627, 1652. 
Larval  I'haraeters  of,  1652. 
Corynetos  rutipes:^  Xecrobia  rufipes. 
Corytliuca  ciliata,  200,  400. 
Cosoiiioptera  dominica,  1363,  2093. 
CossidiL',    Railey,  J.  S.     The  troe  borers  of  the 

family,  2253. 
Cossiis  robiniic.  37,  245,  967, 1003, 1121. 
Cotalpa  lanigcra,  40. 
Cotton  b.lt.    Sniitb,  E.  A.,  2343. 
bollworm,  2238. 

bolls.     Euryoiuia  inelancholica  vs.,  2451. 
in  Brazil,  Branner,  J.  C.    Insects  injari- 

0U9  to,  2277. 
caterpillar,  1353,  1801. 
caterpillars  in  Brazil,  Branner,  J.  C,  2343. 
convention.     Address  at  Atlanta,  2038. 
crop  and  its  enemies  in  Mexico,  Central 
and  South  Amei-ica,  and  the  West  In- 
dies.    Report  on  the,  2343. 
culture  and  the  insects  affecting  the  plant 

at  Bahia.  Brazil,  1788«. 
destroyers,  l.'<86. 

field  mistaken   for   those  of  the  cotton- 
worm.     Chrysalids  dug  up  in,  1790. 
insects,  636. 
Cotton.    Insects  affecting. 
Aletia  ar<rillacea^  A.  xylina. 

xylina,  646,  1127,  1338,  1353,  1363, 1369, 
1649,  1657,  1702,  1719,  1721,  1722,  1736, 
1758,  1769,  1814,  1845,  1852,  1882,  1886, 
1997,  2038,  2064,  2067,  2119,  2130,  2155, 
2164,2295,2343. 
Anomis  xylina  =  Aletia  xylina. 
Euphoria  melancholica,  2451. 
Euryomia    melancholica  =  Euphoria   melan- 
cholica. 
Gryllussp.,2384. 

Heliothis  armisera,  646, 1353,  2238,  2343 
Hyperchiria  io,  2343. 
Saturnia  io  :=  Hyperchiria  io. 
Spilosoma  acrii-a.  2343. 
Theclapa-as  ?  1872. 
Cotton  insects,  Jones,  K.  "NV.    Report  on,  2343. 
W.  J.     Report  on,  2343. 
Kero.sene     as    a     means 
a<;aiu8t,  2164. 
moth.     Habits  of,  17.'i8. 

Hibernation.  1728. 
plant.    Insects  affect  in  2,  1721. 
planter.s.     Suggestions  to,  1832. 
Plums  and.  1477. 
seeds  in  hot-beds.     Sowing,  1772. 
squares.      Butterfly   larva;    injurious    to, 
1872. 
Cottonwood  borers,  1525. 
dagger,  1127. 
A  foe  to,  1834. 
Cottonwood.    Insects  affecting. 
Acronycta  lepusculina,  1127. 
Aphid,  495. 

Drasteria  erechtea,  1459. 
Lina  scripta,  1054,  iai4.  2291. 
Pemphi;fus  populicaulis,  446,  713. 


CoTTOxwooD.    Insf.cts  affectixo— Continued. 
Peniphlgiis  vagabuudiiH.  446. 
Plectrodera  scalator,  152.">. 
Saperda  caharata,  71. 
Cottonwood  killer.  li;.'4. 

leaf  biflle.     Streaked,  2201, 

g:ills,  713. 
Unsightly  galls  on,  440. 
Worms  on,  1459. 
Cotton-worm,  1127, 1363, 1649,  1702,  1719,  2077,  2119, 
2130,2101,229.'). 
articles  in  the  Xews,  1719. 
Barnard,  W.  S.    Tests  of  machinery 

for  destroying,  2253. 
Bulletin  on  the,  1730. 
Chrysalids  dug  up  in  corn-fields  mis- 
taken for  those  of  the,  1790. 
damage  in  1881,2119. 
To  destroy  the,  1338. 
destroyer.    Best,  1882. 
Early  appearance  of,  184. 
Facts  about,  1657. 
How  to  manage  the,  1831. 

use  Paris  green  for  the,  1544. 
injury  in  regions  overflowed  by  Mis- 
sissippi.   Protection  from,  2119. 
investigation,  1833. 
Jones,  R.  W.    Observ.itions  and  ex- 
periments on,  2164. 
moth  hibernation,  1953. 
Not  the,  1773. 

notes  from  Vera  Cruz,  Mexico.    In- 
teresting, 1845. 
Orange  insects  and,  2067. 
para-sites,  1712. 
Parasites  bred  from,  1722. 
Pqisoning  devices  for  the,  2119. 
Possible  food  plants  for,  2064,  2113, 

2155. 
in  prairie  belt.     First  appearance  of, 

18.52. 
question  of  hibernation  settled,  2119. 
A  remedy  for  the,  1369. 
Report  on,  2104. 
in  south  Texas  in  1883.     Anderson, 

E.  II.,  225.3. 
Sowing  ciitton-seeds  in  hot-beds  as  » 

means  against  the,  1772. 
in  the  Unite<I  Stetes.  1769. 
Cotton-wonns,  2291. 

and  Cicadas,  1997. 
Cottony  cushion-scale,  2394,  2418. 

Coipiillett,   D.  W.     Reme- 
dies for.  2394. 
Koebelo,  A.    Remedies  for, 
2394. 
maple  scale,  1810.  2201. 
scale  in.Heet  on  niaple."",  1515, 
Cooper's  thorn  leaf  gall.     Mr.,  376. 
Crab-api>le  borers.  602. 
Craek-jaw  names,  592. 
Crambus-    Va^'abond,  2119. 

viilgivncellus.  1990.  2029.  2U». 
Cranberry  frnit  worm,  2291,  2349. 
galls,  194. 


400 


INDEX. 


Cranberry.    Insects  affecting, 
Acrobasis  vaccinii,  2291. 
Cecidomyia  sp.,  194. 
Phytopus  sp.,  2493. 
Cranberry  leaf-folder,  2291. 

Smith,  J.  B.    Report  on  insects  aifect- 
ing  the  hop  and  the,  2277,  2291. 
Crane-flies,  1278. 

fly  larva,  512. 
Craponius  innequalis,  367,  373, 1059. 
Crataegus.    Insects  on,  376. 
Cratonychus  incertus  =  Melanotus  incertua. 
Cratypedes  putnami,  1959. 
Cremastochiliis,  2105. 
Creopiiilus  villosus,  805. 
Crepidodera  brevis,  1782. 

cucumeris,  357,  401,  1056,  1059,  1558, 

1782. 
Distribution  of  species  of,  1782. 
helxines,  358. 
parvula,  1782. 
Crescent.     The  little  Turk  and  his,  329. 
Cribbed  corn.     Serious  injury  to,  1683. 
Cricket.    Grapes  cut  by  a  tree,  414. 

in  Louisiana.   Destructive,  2384. 

in  raspberry  canes.    Eggs  of  tree,  2195. 

Tree,  251,  953,  961,  999. 

Snowy  tree,  2291. 

"Western,  1959,  2267. 

Bruner,  L.    Report  on,  2267. 
Histology  of,  1959. 
Crickets,  143, 1363. 

Mole,  1270. 
Crioceris  asparagi,  524,  2135. 

12-punotata,  2135. 
Crippled  moths,  729. 
Critic  criticised,  222,  942. 
Criticism.     Friendly,  1307. 
Crop  gall-gnat,  Wagner,  B.    Observations  on  the 

new,  2267. 
Croton-bug  as  a  library  pest,  1717. 
Cruel  bug-hunters,  440. 
Crumpler.    Apple-leaf,  949. 

in  Georgia.    Rascal,  1962. 

mistaken  for  Curculio.    Apple-leaf 

1069. 
Rascal  leaf,  311,  373, 1311, 1580 
Cryptocentrus  n.  g.,  385  =  Mesoleius. 
Cryptorhopalum,  1746. 
Cryptus  albicaligatus  n.  gp.,  385. 
albisoleatus  n.  sp.,  385. 
annulicornis  =^  Pimpla  annulicornis. 
cecropia,  1311. 
cinctipes  n.gp.,  385. 
conquisitor  =;  Pimpla  conquisitor. 
inquisitor  ==  Pimpla  inquisitor, 
junceus  =:Linoceras  junceus. 
nigricalceatus  n.  sp.,  385. 
nuncius,  1112. 
picticoxus,  385. 

pleurivinctus  =  Pimpla  conquisitor. 
rhomboidalis  n.  sp.,  385. 
rafifrons  n.  sp.,  385. 
samise,  2343. 
Cteniscus  albilineatus  n.  sp.,  385. 
ornatus,  385. 


Ctenncha  latreiIliana  =  C.  virginica. 

virginica,  1241. 
Cucumber  beetle     Striped,  773, 1127,  2238. 
bug.     Striped,  148. 
flea-beetle,  1059, 1558. 
Cucumber.    Insects  affecting. 
Diabrotica  vittata,  148,  773. 
Endioptis  nitidalis,  808, 843. 
Phakellura  nitidalis  =Eudioptis  nitidalis. 
Cucumber.    Worm  boring  in,  808,  843. 
Cucurbitaceous  vines.    Insects  affecting,  1127. 

Culex,  625. 

mosquito,  2185. 
pipiens,  2071. 
Culicidffi,  603,  2162. 

Cupuliferaj.    Cynips  confined  to,  1131. 
Curculio,  958,  978, 1062, 1080, 1127. 

again .   Comparative  scarcity  of  the,  703. 
and  its  allies.    Common,  254. 
Apple,  1176, 1301. 

leaf  crumpler  mistaken  for  the, 

1069. 
snout-beetle     or     four-humped, 
1088. 
and  bark-lice,  487. 
breeds  in  apple.    Plum,  1214. 
CarabidsB  feeding  on,  372. 
catcher,  875. 

Huir.s,  372,  651,  875. 
Corn,  1042. 

extermination  possible.    Great  discov- 
ery, 1173. 
Fighting  the,  237. 
Flea-beetles  and,  873. 
flies  by  night.     How  the,  706. 
Four-humped,  1088. 
Gas-wa.ste  vs.,  549. 
go  underground  to  transform  ?  Does  the 

apple,  1228. 
humbug.    Another  new,  589. 

A  new,  680. 
Influence  of  extreme  cold  on  the,  1335. 
injvirious  to  grape,  267. 
Means  against  the.  290. 
natural  history  and  how  t6  catch  him. 

Plum,  1372. 
parasite.    Porizon,  1301. 

Sigalphus,  1301. 
Parasites  of  the  plum,  1751, 1795. 
Paris  green  for  the,  1258. 
Plum,  1059, 1129, 1301,  2296. 
To  protect  plums  from  the,  1071. 
Quince,  1301. 
remedies,  566. 
remedy.    The  new,  1177. 
Ransom,  1201. 
scarcer  than  last  year,  620. 

Is  the,  649. 
trap.    Smith's  patent,  969. 
Use  of  the  wor4, 1069. 
Cnrculionidaj.    Monograph  of,  1828. 
Curcnlios  on  pears,  1358. 
Currant  borers,  481. 

bush  borer,  974. 


INDEX. 


401 


Currant,    Currant-worms  and  black,  1079. 
Four-lint'd  leaf-buj;  on,  715. 
and  Koosoberry  worms,  1570. 

CUBKANT.      I.NSECT8  AKKKCTDfa. 

^Seria  tipuliforiuis,  340,  481,  974,  2238. 
Alc.ithre  caudatuni,  481. 
Aniblycoryplia  oblonj;ifolia,  1157. 
Aphis  ribi8  =  Myzu8  ribis. 
Cap8U8  4-vittatu8  =  Paseilocap8U8  lineains. 
Ellopia  ribearia:=Eufitclna  ribcaria. 
Eiifitcbia  ribearia,  176,  304,  772,  877, 1224. 
Mytilaspis  pomicorticis:=M.  pomorum. 

pomorum,  973. 
Myzua  ribis,  304. 

Nematus  rioesii,  78,  340,  364,  380,  381,  772, 1031, 
1224,1570,  1696,2238. 
ribis— N.ribesii. 
ventricosu8=N.  ribesii. 
Phylloptera  oblongifolia= Amblycorypha  ob- 

longifolia. 
PcEcilocapaua  liueatus,  71.'>. 
Pristiphora    grossulaiije,  176,   364,   772,  1570, 

2238. 
Prosopis  afiinis,  1171. 
Psenocerus  supernc'tatus,  481. 
Silvanus  snrinamensis,  1260. 
Tenthredinid,  136. 

Trochilium    tipulirormi8  =  .a;geria    tipuli- 
formis. 
caudatum  =  Alcathoe  caudatuni. 
Currant  plant-lice,  304. 
louse,  322. 
stalk-borer,  2238. 
worm,  877, 1204. 

Imported,  1127, 1570,  2238. 
Xative,  1570,  2238. 
Pear-.slug  and,  1031. 
worms,  364,  882, 1696. 

Destruciive,  78. 
Gooseberry  and,  772. 
Currants.    Beetle  in  dried  Englisb,  1260. 

Gj"een   worms    on  gooseberries  and, 
136. 
Cnshion-scale.     Cottony,  2394,  2418. 

Coquillett,  D."W.  Reme- 
dies for,  2394. 
Koebele,  A.     Remedies 
for,  2394. 
Cushions.     Ravages  of  moths  in,  1731. 
Cussed  red-leg,  1598. 
Cnterebra  buccata,  526. 
Cut-worm,  868,992. 

Climbing,  1059. 

Corn,  lO.iO.       ^ 

Dark-sided,  281, 1059,  2291,  2363. 

Dingy,  1059. 

eggs,  1095. 

Glassy,  1059, 2291,  2394. 

Granulated,  2291. 

Greasy,  10.39,  2291,  2418. 

lion,  1059, 1314. 

moth.     Eggs  of,  607. 

Shagreened,  2291. 

Small  white  bristly,  1059. 

Speckled,  1059,  2291. 

26  ENT 


Cut-worm.     Variegated,  10.19,  2201. 
W-marked,  1059,2201. 
Western  striped,  1050. 
Wheat,  10.19. 
Yellow-headed,  1059. 
Cut-worms,  3,  85,  321,  658,  914, 1059, 1315, 2238, 2291. 
Cabbage,  2201. 
A  chapter  on,  064. 
Climbing,  321,  U59. 

destroj'ing  recentl3'  sown  wheat,  455. 
Means  against,  226,  312, 1059,  2387. 
Novel  facts  about,  901. 
originate  1    How,  787. 
and  other  insects  t    Can  laud  bo  in- 
sured against,  801. 
*  parasites,  349. 

Remedy  for  cabbage,  2291. 
Ridding  the  ground  of,  2310. 
severing  cabbage-plants,  626. 
Smilax  injured  by,  1941. 
from  the  stomach  of  a  robin,  1873. 
Tree,  228,  281. 
Cybister  fimbriolatus*,  750, 816. 
Cybocephalus  californicus,  2079. 
Habits  of,  2079. 
nigritulns,  2079. 
Cyclocephala  immaculata,  1236. 
Cyclone  nozzle,  2327. 
Cylindrical  Orthosoma,  1059. 
Cyllene,  560. 

decorus,  50. 

pictus,  45,  50,  55,  89,  269,  308,  500,  828,  941, 

1516. 
robinia-,  37,  45,  50,  55, 141.  308,  472,  560,  828, 
921,  941,  967,  1196,  1250, 1288, 1516. 
Cynipid  gall  on  oak  twigs,  1822. 
Cjmipidae,  518,  799,  821,  2072,  2343. 

Dimorphism  in,  41, 1980. 
Illinois,  41. 

Important  work  on,  2125. 
List  of  41. 

New  classification,  41. 
Synoptic  table  of  genera,  821. 
Cynips,  1131, 1.559. 

aciculata  =  Amphibolips  spongiflca. 

bicolor  ~  Khodites  bicolor. 

confined  to  Cupulifera>,  1131. 

Dimorphism  in,  41. 

fecundatrix,  1606. 

gallai-tinctoriic,  1560. 

n.«p.,1822. 

(l.-californic«  =  Andricus  q  -califomica. 

q.-decidua,  1925. 

q.-(Tiiia'-<^   II.    «p.,41  —  Arraspis     q.-cri- 

racoi. 
q.-flocci  n.«p.,  41  =  AndricuHq.-flocci. 
q.-forticornis  n.  tp.,  41  =  Uiorhiza  forticor- 

nis. 
q.-frondosa,  821,  774, 1666. 
q.-glaiiduliis  n.  tp.,  1606. 
q.-inani»—  Amphibolips  q.-inanis. 
q.-mamma  n.  »p.,  518  r=  nolca«pii<  mamma. 
q.-niell:iri;i  «.*/».,  1942. 
q.-operator  —  A  ndricus  operator, 
q.-operatola,  1352. 


402 


INDEX. 


Cynips,  q.  piluleon.  sp.,  41  =  Cecidomyia  q.-pilulae. 
q.-poilagra3  w.  sp.,  41  =  Andricus  q.-poda' 

q.-pi  unus  n.  gp.,  518  ==  Ampliibolips  q.-pru- 

uus. 
q. -punctata  =  Andrlcus  q. -punctata. 
q.-8altatoriu8=N'eurcterus  q.-saltatorius. 
q.-8pongifica=Aniphibilops  q.-spongiflca. 
serainatoi=^  Audricus  setninator. 
sp.,  799. 

terminalis,  1448. 
Cynthia  atalanta  =  PjTameis  atalanta. 

cardui  =;  Pyrameis  cardui. 
Cypress.    Cecidoniyiacupressi-ananassa  on,  1180. 

galls,  1180. 
Cyrtoneura  a  parasite  or  a  bcavenger  ?    Is,  2102. 

stabulans,  2102,  2343. 
Cytoleichus  sarcoptoides,  2135,  2157. 
Cytophyllus  concavus,  516,  569,  1005,  1157,  1363, 

2276. 
Dactylosphsera  caryse-semen  n.  sp.,  373  =  Phyllox- 
era caryaB-semen. 
vitifolisB  r=i  Phylloxera  vastatrix. 
DactylosphseridaB,  1301. 
Dagger.    Cottonwood,  1127. 

Smeared,  13  1. 
Dahlia  and  aster  stalk-hoier,  945. 

Gortyna  nitela  injuring,  862, 940, 1009. 
stalk-borer,  862, 1009. 
Dai.sy  as  an  insecticide.     Ox-eye,  1861. 
Dakota.    Locu.st  flights  in,  2007. 
Dakruma  convolutella,  1059. 

Dana,  J.  D.    Criticism  of  the  entomological  views 
of,  44. 
and  his  entomological  speculations.    Pro- 
fessor. 82. 
Danaidse,  613, 1301. 
Danaisarchippus,  406,  401,613, 1235, 1301, 1340, 1535, 

1622, 1635, 1711, 1756, 1770, 2052. 
Dangerous  looking,  814. 
Dapsilia  rutilana,  1713, 1721. 
Darapsa  myron  =  Ampclophaga  myron. 
Dardanelles.     Sarcophaga  lineata  destructive  to 

locustfj  in,  2075. 
Dark  grape-worm,  763. 

sided  cut-worm,  1059,  2291,  2363. 
Darning-needle.     Devil's,  1709. 
Darwin's  work  in  entomology,  2129. 
Dascyllid  in  stomach  of  black  bass,  1792. 
Dasyllis  thoracica,  1220 . 
Datana  contracta,  50. 

ministra,  50,  132,  151,  165,  467,  922,  1045, 
1229,  2222,  2333.  ^ 

Decatoma  dubia  n.  sp.,  384  ■=  var.  of  varians. 

excrucians  n.  sp.,  384  =  var.  of  nigri- 

ceps. 
Lyalipennis  n.  sp.,  384. 
nigriceps  n.  sp.,  384. 
nubilistigiDa  n.  sp.,  384. 
simplicistigma  n.  sp.,  384. 
8p.,  536. 

varians  n.  sp.,  384. 
Defense.    Inexpert,  2476. 
Delicate  long-sting,  1329. 
Deloyala  t=  Coptocycla. 

clavata  =  Coptocycla  clavata. 


Deltocephalns  xanthonenms,  2116. 
Delusion.     A  popular,  525. 
Dendrotettix  n.  g.,  2410. 

quercus  n.  sp.,  2410. 
Deraiocoris  rapidus^Calocoris  rapidus. 
Dernianyssus  avium,  1308. 

gallinas,  1308. 
Dermatobia  hominis,  497. 
Dermatoptera,  2207. 

Dermestes  lardarius,  72,  726, 1190, 1240, 1703. 
Toothed,  2363. 
vulpinus,  2363. 
Dermestida),  1746,  2133,  2180. 

Means  against,  56,  246,  462. 
Deserved  honor,  2124. 
Desmia  maculalis,  468,  993,  1056,  1158,  1301,  1569, 

1579. 
Desmocerns  palliatus,  358. 
Destructive  larvaj,  722. 

locusts.    Literature  of,  1959. 
Devastating  locust,  2363. 
Devil's  darning-needle,  1709. 

riding-horse,  457, 1059. 
Dexia  rnstica,  2260. 
DexidsB.     Larval  habits  of,  2260. 
Diabrotica.    Corn-root,  2187. 

12-punctata,  123,  687,  2418. 
Long-horned,  1905. 
longicornis,  169, 1905,  2187. 
Twelve-spotted,  687, 1127,  2418. 
vittata,  123,    148,    175,  355,  772,  897, 
2236,  2238,  2260. 
Diapheromera,  2267. 

feraorata,  144,  448,  920,  1111,  1395, 

1701, 1709, 1721,  2276. 
velii  n.  sp.,  45. 
DiaspiniB.     Comstock  on  the,  2227. 
Diaspis  harrisii  =  Chionaspis  furfurus. 

rosae,  1303. 
Diastrophus,  318, 1131. 

cuscutieformis,  609. 
nebulosus,  263,  610, 1131. 
Dicerca  divaricata,  871, 1063,  2267. 
Didictyum  n.  g.,  1749  =:=  Hexaplasta. 

zigzag  n.  sp.  =  Hexaplasta  zigzag. 
Diedrocephala  flavipes  n.  sp.,  1766, 1767,  2363. 
Diflferential  locust,  1423,  2363. 
Digger  wasps,  309, 1643, 1959. 
Dilar  in  North  America,  2023. 
Dilophus,  2076. 

Diminished  Pezomachus,  1127. 
Dimmock's  Inaugural  dissertation,  2082. 
Dimorphic  asexual  females.  Lichtenstein's  theory 

as  to,  2072.  * 

Dimorphism  in  Cynipidae,  1980. 
Cynips.  41. 
Dytiscidse,  28. 
locusts,  1889. 
Dingy  cut-worm,  1059. 
Dinoderus  pusiUus,  2104. 

as  a  museum  pest,  2104. 
Dionea,  1499, 1688. 
Diphryx  prolatella,  2120. 
Diplax  rubicnndula,  2007. 
Diplodus  luridns,  372. 
Diplosis  annulipes  n.  sv.,  46. 


INDEX. 


403 


Diplosis  atrirornis  n.  tip.,  46. 
atrocularia  n.  fji.,  46. 
(lecom-iuucnliita  ?i.  iij>.,  4fi. 
foiiml  ill  ph.\lloxt'ni  auUa,  1901. 
(jrassator,  2150. 
heliaiitlii'lxilla  n.sp.,  197. 
nigra,  236:t,  2393. 
Pear,  2363.  t 
pyrivora  n.  ttp.,  2393. 
septeni-niaculata  H.*p.,46. 
tritici,  10!»,  110,  1-12,  216,  280,2^2,372,428, 
711, 1.J12, 1600.  1721,  2238. 
Diplotaxis  not  a  vesicant,  1796. 

^^o^di^l:^,  1926. 
Diptera.  1329, 1736,  22C7. 
Tarasitic,  2076. 
rreparation  of,  2011. 
Swarming  of,  2128,  2174. 
Willow-gall.s  made  by,  40. 
Dipterojs  enemies  of  the  honeybee,  704. 

Phylloxera  vastatrix,  2150. 
galls  of  the  -willow,  46. 
larva  on  swallow,  153. 
larviB  in  Iniruan  body,  2256. 
Remarkable.  40. 
Dlscoutinuanceof  publication  [of  Am.  Eut.J,  2106. 
Disea.se.     Infesting  Phylloxera  with  fungus,  1808. 
Disea-oes  of  beneficial  insects.    Fungus,  1813. 

*  chinch-bng,  2143. 
Disippns  butterfly,  1301. 

Pupa  of,  1193. 
Microgaster,  1301. 
Disonycha  alternata,  45. 

flaviventris,  1506. 
Dissosteria  Carolina,  667. 
Ditching  for  young  locusts,  1488. 
Dobson.  780. 

Dock.    Galls  on  supposed,  1165. 
Dock.    Ixseits  affectixc;. 
Gastroidea  cyanea,  1165. 
Gastrophysa  cyanea  :=^  Gastroidea  cyanea. 
Doctoring  fnut-trees  again,  230. 
Doctors  differ,  98. 
Dog-day  harvest-fly,  1546. 
Dolerus  arvensis,  358. 
unicolor,  1989. 
Dollars.     That  hundred  and  fifty  million,  1647. 
Domesticated  katydids,  ISiUi. 
Dominican  case-bearer,  1363. 
Durtheaia  celastri,  19?8. 

characias,  1686,  17.30.  . 

Covering  of  egg-punctun-  mistaken  for, 

1988. 
vibumi.  1988. 
Doryphora,  1639. 

Climate  for,  1412. 

10-lineata,  21,  32,  48,  50,  88,  94,  119,  171, 
27."),  276, 293,  313,  334,  347, 
365, 401,  411,  5C5,  C50,  708, 
709,  760,  866.  9u5,  9o8,  919, 
925,  946.  968,  977, 983,  9^1, 
99.'>,  1019.  10:7,  1044,  1056. 
1059.  1068,  1096.1101,1218, 
1301,  1311,  1.32.Mll2fl.  1.163. 
1364, 1379,  1391, 1405,  X407. 


Doryphora,  10  lineata,  1412,  142:»,  1425,  1431,  1447, 
1450,  1462,  UU9,  I48U,  1482, 
1490^1491,1505,1519,  1.524, 
1528,  l,5.-.8, 1.564,  l.'70,1593, 
1597,1010,16.19.1072,1714, 
1859,  1948,  1993,2081,2235, 
2291,2294. 
Firo  cure  for,  121. 
jnncta,  48,  50,  372,  401.  519.  1056,  10.59, 
1431,  1450,  15.^8,  1072,  2096.  2215. 
Dotted-legged  plant  bug  1311. 

Double  cocoons.     The  Hheddini:  of  trachea-,  171.'>. 
Dragon-flies,  1707, 
Dragon-fly.    Large,  759., 
Dra.steria  orechtea,  631,  1459,  2343. 
Drasteriua  auiabili.s,  1798, 1905. 

dorsalis,  2418. 
Drepanosiphum,  1678. 

Dried  leaves  us  food  for  lepidopterouslarviu,  21.59. 
Driving  nails  into  fruit-trees,  87. 

potato-beetles,  1044. 
Drones  to  death  .'    Do  worker  bees  sting,  1145. 
Drop  of  gold,  775. 

woini,  1059,  1090, 1650. 
Drosera,  1499, 1688. 
Drosophila  anucna,  2119. 

ampelo]>liila,  2119. 
nigricorni.s,  1607. 
sp.,  1607. 
Drought.     Connection  of  locust  invasion  with  the 
occurrence  of,  1422. 
on  Ilessian-fly.     Effects  of,  2031. 
Insects  and.  2100. 
Drug-store  ])est8,  510,  .551. 
Dryobius  sexfa.sciatu.s,  583. 
Dryocampa,  1352. 

bieolor  =  Sphingicampa  bicolor. 
pellucida^:  D.  virginiensis. 
rubieunda,    244,   841,    91.5,  1329,   1352, 

1357,  2490. 
seuatoria,  151,  783. 
stigma,  488. 
virginiensis,  488. 
Dutchman's  pipe.     Papilio  ]ihilenor  on,  1321, 1774. 

■Worms  on,  1.321. 
Dynastes  tityms,  580, 1216, 12U2. 
Dy.sdercas  suturellus,  2.'!4.3. 
Dytiscid  in  stomach  of  black  l)a«s,  1792. 
Dytiscidii-.     Dimorphii',  28. 

Dyliscus.     Mode  of  feeding  of  the  larva  of,  2065. 
Eacles  imperial  is,  1087,  1268. 
Earthiiuake  commotion  and  locust  multiplication 

and  migration,  Swinton,  A.  II.,  2207. 
Eastern   States.     Supposed   armv-w.irra  in    Xcw 

Vork  and,  1990. 
Ebnria  4.geininata,  1014. 
Eccopsis  fermgineann,  1968, 
Ilickorv,  236.3. 
raonetiferana,  19f>8. 
])ermundaDa,  2324. 
Variegat^-d.  2363. 
E<  hthnis  nnnulic  mis  i».  lep..  'MTi 
Economic  entomology,  13.57,  ;;.6J. 

in  California.    Interest  in, 
^53. 


404 


INDEX. 


Economic  entomology  in  England,  1983. 

Fostering    the    study   of, 
*        2142. 

Importance  of,  2238. 

Iowa,  2197. 
Eecent  advances  in,  2281. 
investigations  in  the  South  and  "West, 

1864 
notes,  2220,  2248. 
Ecpantheria  scribonaria,  1140, 11.53, 1311, 1802. 
Ectobia  germanica,  573, 1717, 2276. 
Edema  albifrons,  422, 913. 
Edinburgh  International  Forestry  Exhibit.    Ke- 

port  of,  2342. 
Edwards'  butterflie^  of  Xorth  America  (Keview), 

395,  479,  623,  827. 
Egg-feeding  mites,-1637. 

parasite.    Anthomyia,  1570, 1625, 1643. 
parasites  of  Acrididse,  2355. 

Efficacy  of  chnlcid,  2115. 
plant.    Enemies  of,  2096,  2215. 
Egg-plant.    Insects  affecting. 
Cassida  texana,  2096,  2215,  2235. 
Doryphora  lOlineata,  21. 

juncta,  2096,  2215, 2235. 
Egg  puncture  mistaken  for  Dorthesia.    Covering 
of,  1988. 
punctures  in  raspberry  and  grape-vines,  2195. 
sack  of  some  unknown  spider,  1144. 
slits  made  by  Homoptera,  79. 
Eggs  in  or  on  canes  or  twigs,  1329. 
Experiments  with  locust,  1572. 
growth  of  insect,  2241. 
hatch  ?    "Will  unimpregnated,  1029. 
in  maple  twigs.    Eows  of,  665. 
Mass  of,  65,  240. 
of  moth,  611. 

but  parasitic  cocoons.    Not,  1290. 
in  peach  twigs,  554. 

pear  twigs.    Kows  of,  577. 
on  sugar-maple,  350. 
in  sumach,  18. 
Egypt.    Bug-hunter  in,  372. 
Eight-spotted  forester,  343, 1059, 1127, 1363. 
Eighth  Report  State  Entomologist  of  Missouri, 

1482. 
Emige  unserer  schadUcherer  In^ekten,  1325. 
Elachistus  euplectri,  2343. 
Elaphidion  parallelum  =  E.  villosum. 
pntator  =  E.  villosum. 
tectum,  1602. 

villosum,  288,  793,  839,  1556,  2267. 
ElateridSB,  3,  224,  430,  740,  846,  892,  932, 1030,  l504, 
1522, 1866,  2238. 
Monograph  of,  1828. 
Elder.    Attacus  cecropia  on,  1533, 

Cecropia  worm  on,  1533. 
Elephantiasis  or  Filaria  disease,  2185. 
Ellopia  ribearia  ^  Eufitchia  ribearia. 
Elm.    Enemies  of  the,  1350. 
enemy,  1520. 
gall.    Cockscomb,  1384. 
Elm.    Insects  affecting. 
Cimbex  .Tniericana,  099. 

laportei  =^  C.  americana. 
Colopha  ulmlcola,  1384. 


Elm.    Insects  affecting — Continued. 
Dryobius  sexfasciatus,  583. 
Galeraca  calmariensis  =  G.  xanthomelsena. 

xanthomelsena,  1350,  1520,  1931,  2188, 
2232,  2304,  2325,  2378, 2394. 
Monocesta  coryli,  1721. 
Pemphiginse,  1653. 
Physocnemum  brevilineum,  696. 
Saperda  lateralis,  583. 
Schizoneura  rileyi,  1059. 
Tremex  columba,  928. 
Elm-leaf  beetle,  2188. 

Great,  1721. 

Imported,  2232,  2304,  2325,  2378, 

2394. 
Notes  on  the  imported,  1931. 
and  pear-tree  borer,  928. 
tree  borer,  583,  696. 
depredators,  2414. 
louse.    "Woolly,  1059. 
saw-fly,  699. 
Emmon's  New  York  report,  84. 
Emperor.     Eyed,  1363. 

Tawny,  1363. 
Emphytus  maculatus  =  Harpiphorus  maculatus. 
Empoa  albicans  n.  sp.,  22. 
Empoasca  n.  g.,  22. 

abnormis,  22. 

consobrina  n.  sp.,  22.  ' 

malefica  =  E.  viridescena. 
maligna  =  E.  obtusa. 
obtusa  n.  sp.,  22. 
viridescens  >i.  «p.,  22,  30,  79. 
Empretia  stimulea,  60, 161,  424,  811,  829,  837, 1092. 
Emulsions.    Kerosene,  2291. 

of  petroleum  as  insecticides,  2134. 

and  their  value  as  in- 
secticides, 2126, 2200. 
Enchenopa  hinotata,  725, 1913, 1988. 
Enchophyllum  binotatnm  =  Enchenopa  hinotata. 
Endrosa  quercus  ^  Lachnosterna  quercus. 
England.    Doryphora  lO-liueata  in,  2u81. 
Economic  entomology  in,  1983. 
Hessian-fly  in,  2395. 
Introduction  of  the  Hessian-flj"  into, 
2398. 
English  currants.    Beetles  in,  1260. 
-  sparrow.    Anent  the,  1667. 
Ennomos  alniaria,  75. 

magnaria  =  E.  alniaria. 
eubsignaria  =  Eudalimia  suhsignaila. 
EntUia  concava  =  Publilia  concava. 

sinuata,  163. 
Entomography  of  Hirmoneura,  2275. 
Entomological,  371,  869,  893, 1411. 
breakfast,  2311. 
cabinet.    "Walsh,  1107. 
circular.    A  recent  British,  2509. 
collection,  1328. 

commission.  Appropriation  for,  1843. 
Bulletin   No.  1,  1577. 

2,  1578. 

3,  1736. 
6.  2026. 

Circular  No.  1, 1575. 
2, 1576. 


INDEX. 


AOn 


Entomological  comnii-isinii      i;<M'ort.    First  1643. 

Seoonil,  1959. 
Thiril.  2207. 
Fourth,  2343. 
Reports  of  the  TJ.  S. 
1757. 
correction,  1328. 
i^orance  in  the  Xortli,  431. 
South,  390. 
information,  1351. 

notes,  2,  139C,  1554,  1609,  1610, 1681, 
1958,  2015,  2058,  2066,  2135, 
2147,  2168,  2184,  2192,  2219, 
2228,  2247, 2261. 
of  the  year,  2235. 
papers  read  at  A.  A.  A.  S.,  1893. 
periodicals.    New,  2056. 
qnackcrv,  439. 
queries.    A  bundle  of,  556. 
question,  1463. 
reports.     Index  to  Ontario,  2228. 

Missouri,  1680. 
Society.    Ajnerican,  621. 

Address  of  president  be- 
fore Washington,  2335. 
specimens.    Care  of,  2200. 
speculations  of  the  N.  E.  school  of 
naturalists,  44. 
Professor  Dana   and 
his,  82. 
work  at  the  Department  of  Agri- 
culture, 1892. 
works,  831. 

wanted,  1529. 
Entomologist.    American,  1309. 

Salutatory,  386. 
Canadian  (Review),  395,  479,  827. 
caught  napping,  1110. 
of  Illinois.    State,  327. 
for  Minnesota.    A  State,  1108. 
of  Missouri.    First  report  ot  State, 
1059. 
Second,  1127. 
Third,  1301. 
Fourth,  1311. 
Fifth,  1329. 
Sixth, 1363 
Seventh,  1423. 
Eighth,  1482. 
Ninth,  1570. 
Index  to  reports  of 
State,  2C26. 
for  New  York.     State,  1863. 
New  Tork  without  an,  1330. 
One  day's  journal  of  a  State,  383. 
for  the  Pacific  coast,  2022. 
Report  U.S.,  1878, 1721. 

1881-'82,  2119. 
1883,  2232. 
1884,2291. 

1885,  2363. 

1886,  2394. 
1887, 2418. 

in  the  Sonth.     Field  for  the,  1109. 
Entomologists  at  Boston,  1894. 

Death  of  noted,  1285. 


Entoniiiii:;i.sis  m  hiiK.po.     Niimbor  of,  1865. 

Self  taught,  270. 
Entomology.     Addrt-ss  on,  1454. 
all  a  humbug,  03. 
Best  works  on,  418. 
Books  useful  for  the  stndy  of,  41fi. 
in  RuOalo,  X.  Y.,  2035. 

California.  Interest  of  economic, 
2053. 
Darwin's  work  in,  2129. 
Desci-iptive,  1199. 
Discussion  on,  1391. 
Economic,  1362. 
in  England.    Economic,  1983. 
Fostering  the  study  of  economic, 

2142. 
General  truths  in  applied,  2291,2292. 
Importance  of  economi:,  2238. 
indeed  run  mad,  227,  1224. 
in  Iowa.     Economic,  2197. 
Lecture  on,  1394. 
at  Minneapolis,  2212. 
in  Missouri,  1361. 

New  York,  2244,  2254. 
Permanent  subsection  of,  2027. 
and  the  phonograph,  2481. 
Professor  Riley  to  Dr.  Schaffer,2360. 
in  reality.     Practical,  914. 
Recent  advances  in  economic,  2281. 
horticultural, 
2230. 
its  relation  to  agriculture  and  its 

advancement,  1329. 
Report  niiuois  State  Horticnltural 
Society  on,  1056. 
Missouri,  1113, 1127. 
Stndy  of,  2345. 

"Work  in,  202.  • 

Entomophthora,  1813. 

calopteni,  2240. 
Epeira,  1847. 

riparia  =  Argiope  riparia. 
sp.,  1144. 
spinea,  813. 
Ephemera  daveula  n.  gp.,  24. 

dies.     A  hard  story,  1043. 
myops  n.«p.,39. 
Ephemerella  n.  g.,  24. 

consimilis  n.«p.,24. 
excrucians  ?i.  fp.,  24. 
Ephemerida?,  2f<3,  525, 1043, 1205. 
Ephemerina,  2267. 

Ephemerinous  genus  B.Ttisi-a.     Pupa  of,  43. 
EphenuTon,  283. 
Ephestia  interpnnctella,  32.5, 1293, 1896. 

zc-as  :=  E.  interpuuctelLi. 
Ephialtes  gigas  n.  tp.,  385. 
pusio  n.«7>.,  385. 
pj-gnia'us  n.  up.,  385. 
Epbydra  californica,  2203. 
gracili.s,  2'203. 
hians.  2203. 
Epica-ms  iml)riratus.  35.  290, 1301, 1808, 2291. 
Epicauta,  lOOO.  1643.  1G51,  2238,  2207. 
atrat.i  =  E.  pennsylvanica. 
cinerea,  134, 185,  401, 1056, 1558, 1600. 


406 


INDEX. 


Epicauta  corvina,  1206. 

Larval  characters  and  habits  of,  1600. 

habits,  1387. 
pennsylvanica,  38,  134,  185,284,  362,401, 

732, 1056, 1558, 1600. 
puncticollis,  1381. 

vittata,  38,  134,  185,  401,  470,  794,  1056, 
12.30, 1558, 1600, 1860, 1959. 
Epidemic   disease  of  Caloptenus    differentialis, 

2240. 
Epilachna  borealis,  125,  417, 1289. 

corrupta,  2135,  2235. 
Epimeris.     Grape-vine,  1301, 1363. 
Epipocus  punctatus,  2406. 
Epitrix  brevis  =  Crepidodera  brevis. 

cucnmeris  =  Crepidodera  cucumeris. 
Diatribulioa  of  species  of,  1782. 
hirtipennis  ^Crepidodera  parvula. 
Epizenxis.    Spruce,  2363. 
Eras.  1127. 

bastardi,  1127, 1269. 
Eriocampa  cerasi,  1031, 1222, 1253,  1382,  2243. 
Eriosoma  coruicola  n.  sp.,  27  =  Schizoneura  corni- 
cola. 
fungicola  n.  sp.,  27  =  SchizoDeura  fun- 

gicola. 
lanigera  =  Schizoneura  lanigera. 
pyri  =  Schizoneura  lanigera. 
tessellata  =  Pemphigus  tessellata. 
ulmi  n.  sp.,  1059  :=  Schizoneura  ulmi. 
Eristalis,  986. 

Errors  corrected.    A  few,  977. 
Erynnis  alcefe  boring  in  stems  of  Malva  sylves- 

tris,  1602. 
Erythronenra,  164.  • 

australis  n.  sp.,  22. 
octonotata  n.  sp.,  22. 
tricincta  =  Typhlocyba  trlcincta. 
vitifex  =  Typhlocyba  vitis. 
vitis  =r  Typhlocyba  vitis. 
ziczac  n.sp.,  22. 
Eucalyptus.    Galls  on,  1965. 
EuchsBtes  egle,  413. 
Euclemensia  bassettella,  1972. 
Eudalimia  subsignaria,  75. 
Eudamus  tityrus,  787,  857. 
Eudemia  botrana,  557,  585,  792, 1059, 1232. 
Eudioptis  nitidalis,  808,  843, 1127. 
Eudryas  grata,  1127, 1363. 

unio,  831, 1127, 1363. 
Eufitchia  ribearia,  176,  364,  772,  877, 1068, 1224, 1570. 
Eumenes  f  raterna,  543, 1357, 1847. 
Eumenia  atala,  2410. 
Eumenida;,  770. 
Eunomia  eagrus,  2242. 
Euonymuslatifolia?  Chionaspis  euonymii  on,  2403. 

Scale  on,  2403. 
Euparia  castanea,  2105. 
Eupelmus,  384, 1932,  2343. 

allynii,  2060, 2063,  2332. 
mirabilis,  384,  563, 1363. 
vs.  Antigaster,  1978. 
Euphanessa  mcndici,  2340. 
Euphoria  hirtipes,  2105. 
inda,  447, 1655. 
melaiicholica,  372,  522,  842, 


Euplectrus  comstockii,  2343. 

platyhypense,  2343. 
Eupsalis  minuta,  1363. 

Europe  and  America.    Problem  of  the  hop-plant 
louse  in,  2400. 
The  Colorado  potato-beetle  in,  1597. 
Grain  Bruchus  just  imported  from,  1120. 
Hagen,  H.  A.    The  Hessian-fly  not  im- 
•  ported  from,  2267. 
Number  of  entomologists  in,  1865. 
European  natural  enemies  of  the  asparagus  beetle. 
Hew,  2458. 
parasites.    Importing,  208. 
Eurycreon  rantalis,  2322,  2331,  2363. 
Euryomiamelancholica=Euphoriamelancholica. 
Euryptychia  saligneana.  180, 1127, 2356. 
Eurytoma  abnormicornis  n.sp.,  384. 
auriceps  7i.  «p.,  384. 
bicolor  n.  sp.,  384. 
bolteri  n.  sp.,  1059=:var.  of  E.  diastro. 

phi. 
diastrophi  n.  sp.,  384, 1131. 
gigantea  n.  sp.,  384. 

globulicola«.sp.,384^var.of  prunicola 
prunicida  n.  sp.,  384. 
pnnctiventris  n.  sp.,  384. 
seminatrix  n.  sp.,  384  =  var.  of  auriceps. 
sp.,  62,  563. 
Eurytomid  from  stomach  of  Ohio  shad,  1853. 
Eurytomides,  384, 1223. 
Eu8chi.stu8  fissilis,  2363. 
Euthyrhynchus  floridanns,  2472. 
Euura  orbitalis,  821. 

perturbans  n.  sp.,  197. 
s.-gemma  n.  sp.,  197,  821  =  E.  orbitalis. 
8. -nodus  n.  sp.,  197. 
B.-ovnm  71.  sp.,  197,  821. 
Evagoras  viridis^Diplodus  luridus. 
Evarthrus  orbatus,  872. 
Evergreen  cleora,  2363. 

and  other  forest  trees  in  New  England 
and    Kew    York.    Packard,    A.    S. 
Causes  of  destruction  of,  2232,  2291, 
2363,  2364,  2382. 
plant-lice,  1039. 
Evergreens.    Borers  in,  1324. 

Insects  affecting,  271,  527, 1039, 1324, 
2232, 2291,  2363. 
Exartema  ferruginearum  n.  sp.,  1968r=Eccopsi8 
ferruginearum. 
montiferarum  n.  sp.,   1968  :=  Eccopsis 
montiferarum. 
Excursion.     Agricultural  editorial,  1349. 

to  Kocky  Mountains,  988. 
Exenteron  ornatus  n.  sp.,  385  =  Cteniscus  omatns* 
Exetastes  illinoiensis,  385. 

suaveolens  n.  sp.,  385. 
Exochiscus  n.g.,  385  =  Orthocentrus. 

pusillus  n.  «jj.  =  Orthocentrus  pusil- 
lus. 
Exochus  albiceps  n.  sp.,  385. 

annulicrus  n.  sp.,  385. 
atriceps  n.  sp.,  385. 
Exorista  cecropite  n.  .ip.,  1112. 

doryphorae,  1059, 1431, 1450, 1672. 
flavicauda  w.  sp.,  1127, 1442, 1670. 


INDEX. 


407 


Exoriata  loncanisp  ^=  Nemoraja  k-ucanias. 
iuilitiiri8=  N'emorscii  U-ucanio). 
osten-snckeui  ^  Nemora'a  K>ucnuia\ 
Exotbecus  prodoxt  n.  up.,  ISJl. 
Expected  iidvout  of  the  locust,  2307. 
Extensile  peuetratiug  orfjan  iu  u  <^aniasid  mite, 

1026. 
Extermmator.    Fruit-pest,  2372. 
Extingui.sher.     Treat's  insect,  531. 
Extreme  cdUI  ou  the  Curculio.    lutluence  of,  1335. 
Exuviation  iu  flight,  lOCl. 
Exyra  ridingsii,  1411. 

semicrocoa,  1385,  1390. 
Eyed  emperor,  1363. 

Eyes  and  luminosity  of  fire-tlies.    Development 
of,  1840. 
None  .so  blind  as  those  who  shut  their,  275. 
Fagopyrum.     Acridida-  tliat  eat,  1645. 
Failure  of  tea-roses,  1708. 
Fall  army-worm,  1256, 1267, 1282, 1301, 1482. 
canker- worm,  1423,  1482,2238. 
web-worm,  1301, 1733,  2238,  2378, 2394. 
on  hickory,  460. 
Tent  caterpillars  and,  819. 
wheat,  "Webster,  F.  M.     Insects   affecting, 
2291, 2363,  2394. 
Falling  water.     Moths  attracted  to,  2108. 
False  catei-piilars  on  the  pine,  985. 

Scotch    and    Austrian 
pines,  1011. 
chinch-bug,  1329, 1423,  2291,  2418. 
indigo  gall-moth,  1127. 

Walsbia  amorphellaon,  1127. 
Fatherless  and  motherless  race.     That,  1650. 

race.     Some  further  facts   regarding 
that,  1658. 
Fatua  denndata,  1733. 
Fear.    A  groundless,  284. 
Feathers.     Attagenus  injuring,  56. 
Felting  caused  by  a  beetle.     Remarkable,  2113. 
Feniaeca  tarqumius,  2359,  2361. 

Food-habits  of,  2407. 
Xotes  on,  2369. 
Plant-leediiig  habit  of,  2361. 
Fertilization  of  Yucca,  1329, 1336,  2171. 
Fertiliaers  of  aljiine  flowers,  1838. 
Fertilizing  plants,  324. 
Few  errors  corrected,  977. 
Fidia.    Grape-vine,  123L 
longipcs,  339. 
sp.,  102. 

viticida  n.  gp.,  272,  339, 1059, 1231. 
Field  cricket,  2291. 

crops.    Insects  injurious  to,  2238. 
for  the  entomologist  in  the  South,  1109. 
Fiery  ground-beetle,  li)59. 
Fifteen-spotted  la-ly-bird,  959, 1311. 
Fifth  report  State  Entomologist  of  Missouri,  1329. 
Fifty  million  dollars.     That  hundred  and,  1647. 
Fig  insects,  2194. 
Fighting  the  Curculio,  237. 

Hessian-fly,  1587. 
Figuier's  Insect  World  (review),  408. 
Filaiia  disease.    Elephantiasis  or,  2185. 
aangainis-hominis,  2185. 


Filbert  giape.    Grapt'-vine,  1.329. 

P'ir  Paraphia,  2363. 

Fire  blight,  22,  30. 149, 285. 

cure  foi-  piitalo-beetlus,  121. 
flies,  396,  1705. 

Development  of  eyes  and  luiiiino'gily  of, 

1840. 
IntiTinittenco  of  phosphoresc  jncc,  lh05. 
worm,  2291. 
First  report  noxious  insects  of  the  State  of  Illi- 
nois, 373. 
State  entomologist  of  Missouri,  1059. 
U.    S.    Entomological    Cununission, 
1643. 
volume.     Close  of  the,  701. 
Fischer  on  naphthaline  aa  an  Insecticide.    Koview 

of,  2274. 
Fish-fly.     Large,  712, 903. 
Fitch.     Dr.  Asa,  1781. 
Flat-headed  apple-tree  borer,  1059,  2238,  2207. 

in      horse-chestnat, 
1316. 
twig  borer,  555, 1423. 
borer  in  solt  maples,  1250. 
cherry-borer,  2267. 
peach-borer,  2267. 
spruce- borer,  2267. 
Flavescent  clover- beetle,  2394. 
Flea-beetle,  1583. 

Colorado  cabbage,  2291. 
Cucumber,  1558. 
Grape-vine,  298, 1252, 1301. 
Larvic  of  grape-vine,  1041, 1074. 
Striped,  2291. 

Wavy-striped,  348,  564, 2291. 
iu  young  tobacco-plants,  1782 
Ziiiimernian's,  2291. 
beetles,  636  2418. 

and  Cuiculio,  873. 
Means  against,  133. 
Satisfactory  remedy  for,  2236. 
like  ucgro-bui:,  1127,  1423,  2291,  2418. 
Fleas  feeding  on  Icpidopterous  larvie,  2110. 
Flesh-flies,  1043,  1736. 

fly.     Common,  1423, 1570, 1625, 1643. 
Flesh-worms,  459. 
Flies  in  rooms.     Swarms  of  minute,  596. 

Sucking  organs  of,  21h2. 
Flight.     Exuviation  in,  1961. 

in  insects  is  directed.     IIow,  1891. 
Flights  e.ist  of  t  lie  Mississippi.   Locust,  1549, 1613. 

Locust,  1590. 
Floating  ajiiaries,  \'6'y. 

Floods.     One  elTi  cl  of  the  Mississippi,  2080. 
Florida,  Ashmead,  W.  11.     K.port  on   iimects  in- 
jurious to  garden  ciups  in,2:tx»<. 
Vovle,  J.     Effi-cts  of  cold  en  the  scale  in- 
insects  of  the  orange  iu,  2277. 
Flour.    Poisonous,  586. 

and  rye.     Worms  in,  72. 
Flonring-mills.     Beetles  iu.  1261. 
Flower-bu-.     Insidi-us,  1127. 1423, 24I& 
Flower-garden.     Insects  in,  930. 
Flowering  ash.     Cocoons  on,  9.'i0. 
Flowers.     Fertilizers  c/f  alpine,  1838. 


408 


INDEX. 


riuted-scale,  2389,  2418. 

Kecwit  California  work  against  the, 
2519. 
Flying  bug,  157. 

•  locusts  in  Illinois,  1437, 1443. 
Foe.    Confounding  friend  with,  1378. 
to  corn.     A  new,  337. 
Cottonwood,  1834. 
green  corn.    A  new  insect,  1655. 
Scavenger  mistaken  for  a,  416. 
Foes.    Cherry  iilant-lice  and  their,  1251. 

Some  friends  and,  1274. 
Folsom,  Cal.,  Koebele,  A.    Notes  on  locustsabout, 

2363. 
Food  of  Calopteron  and  Photinus,  2358. 
habits  of  Feniseca  tarquinius,  2407. 
ground-beetles,  1700. 
longicorn  beetles,  1902. 
Megilla  maculata,  2145. 
thrnshes,  1726. 
of  insectivorou.s  plants,  1499. 
for  lepidopterons  larva.    Dried  leaves  as, 
2159. 
man.    Locusts  as,  1481. 
Number  of  molts  and  length  of  larval  life  as 

influenced  by,  2167. 
plants  for  the  cotton-worm.    Possible,  2064, 
2119,2155. 
of  Samia  cynthia,  2204. 
relations  of  Carabidse  and  Coccinellidae,  2151. 
Salt-water  insects  used  as,  2203. 
for  silk- worms,  1319. 
trout,  1142. 
Forage,  crops.    iEnsects  injurious  to,  2238. 
Forbes,  S.  A.    Experiments  on  chinch-bugs,  2165. 
Forbes'  investigations  on  the  food  of  fre.sh-water 

tishes.    Professor,  2515. 
Forest  insects.    Larva;^  of  injurious,  2267. 

Tent  caterpillar  of  the,  645,  688,  1181,  1200, 

1301, 1331. 
tree  insects,  2418. 

Packard,   A;  S.      Notes   on, 
2253. 
trees  in  northern  New  England  and  New 
York,   Packard,   A.  S.    Causes  of 
the  destruction  of  evergreen  and 
other,  2232,  2291,  2363,  2364, 2382. 
and  weeds  of  Germany.    Katzeburg. 
Review,  1110. 
Forester.    Eight-spotted,  343, 1059, 1127, 1363. 
Forestry  exhibition.    Report  on  the  Edinburgh 

international,  2342. 
Forficula,  1798,  2267. 
Formica  aphidicolaw.sp.,  27. 
fusca,  2105,  2226. 

latipes  n.  sp.,  27  =  La8in8  latipes. 
rufa,  2105,2114, 
Formicida',  438, 1278, 1594, 1987. 
Fossil  tineids,  2084. 
Four-humped  Curculio,  1088. 

Apple-snout  beetle  or, 
1088. 
lined  leaf-bug  on  currant,  715. 
Fourth  report  State  entomologist  of  Mjssouri, 
1311. 


Fourth  report  TJ.  S.  Entomological  Commission, 

2343. 
Fowls.    Internal  mite  on,  2157. 

Parasites  on,  1308. 
France  affected  by  Phylloxera.     Half  the  vine 
area  of,  2020. 
Grape  Phylloxera  in,  2193. 
Fraternal  potter-wasp,  1127. 
Friend.    Another  insect,  879. 

with  foe.    Confounding,  1378. 
unmasked,  374. 
Friendly  criticism,  1307. 

notes,  1306. 
Friends  and  foes.    Some,  1274. 
Inquiring,  1642, 1656. 
and  insect  foes.    Insect,  38. 
Frog-spittle  insects,  691. 
Frogs,  217. 

Frosted  lightning  hopper,  1329. 
Fruit  culture  in  the  South,  2265. 
foe.    A  new,  35. 

and  fruit  trees.    Insects  injurious  to, 2238. 
Trimble's  enemies  of,  187. 
growers.    Insects  of  interest  to,  367. 

in  northern  Illinois.    Six  worst 
enemies  of,  377. 
insects  in  California,  2245. 
in vigorator  again.     Best's,  530. 
Jarring  down  infested,  1318. 
pest  exterminators,  2372. 
Snout-beetles  injurious  to,  1302. 
trees  again.    Doctoring,  230. 
Driving  nails  into,  87. 
Icerya  purchasi,  an  insect  injurious 
to,  2401. 
Feuit  trees.    Insects  affecting. 
Epicaerus  imbricatus,  35. 
Ithycerus  noveboracensis,  16. 
Lytta  8enea=  Pomphopwa  jenea. 
Oncideres  cingulata  ?  442,  443. 
Pomphopoea  senea,  1056. 
Fruit  trees.    Insects  injurious  to,  16,  31. 
Tarred  paper  for,  1568. 
worm.    Cranberry,  2291. 
Tomato,  1136. 
Fruits  and  grains,  "Webster,  F.  M.    Experiments 
on  the  effect  of  punctures  .of  Hemiptera  on 
shrubs,  2382. 
Fuchsia  beetles,  133. 

Fuchsias.    Beetles  injuring  cabbages  and,  1868. 
Fuchsias.    Insects  affecting. 
Haltica  carinata,  133, 1808. 

exapta=  H.  carinata. 
Fulgorida;,  737. 

Fuller.    Retirement  of  Mr.,  1910. 
Fuller's  rose-beetle,  1708, 1721,  2291. 

in  California,  1740. 
Habits  of,  1708. 
Not,  1825. 
Funiago  salicina,  2138. 
Fumigation  against  orange  scales,  2520. 
Fungoid  growths,  500. 
Fungus  in  Cicada,  1809. 

diseases  of  beneficial  insects,  1813. 

Infecting  Phylloxera  with,  1808. 


INDEX. 


409 


Fungiis  fop9, 10^7.  * 

growths  to  tlesfioy  insects.    I'so  of.  1808. 
neiiinrknlile  parasitic,  lUH. 
Whitcfinib,  59i. 
Fuzzy  galls  on  blackbiTry  twigs,  609. 
Gall-fly.    Sheep,  S87. 
Galevita  janua,  1824. 

l.'.out.i,  1824. 
Galeruca  oalinariensi.s  =  G.  xantliomehcjia. 

nifosanguinea^  Adiniouia     rufosan- 

guinea. 
Xinithoniela>na,  1135. 1350, 1520, 1931,2188, 
L'232,  2304, 2325,  2378,  2379,  2414. 
Gall  on  acorn-cnp.i.     A  npw  oak,  160G. 
l)lackberry,  263. 

and  raspberry  canes.    Gouty, 
1771. 
chestnut,  3r>3. 
Coccid  mistaken  for  a,  1972. 
Cockscomb  elm,  1384. 
flies,  294. 
gnat,  Loow.    Description  of  the  rye,  22G7. 

Wiigner.  Observations  on  the  new  crop, 
2267.. 
on  grape-vine.     Large  compound,  720. 
Grape-vine  apple,  1329, 1898. 

leaf,  724,  840, 1716. 
insects,  1559. 

Galls  and,  1967. 
Leafy  oak,  774. 

literature.     Bibliography  of,  2059. 
lou.se.    Hickory-.stem,  685. 
making  ^enus  of  Apiouinas,  2231. 
moths,  1127,  2356. 
Perophiginie.     Biological  notes  on, 

1653. 
tortricid.    A  pretty  and  unique,  2176. 
Mossy-rose,  570, 1166. 
nuts,  1560. 
Oak-fig,  745. 

leaf,  799. 
on  oak  twigs.   Cynipid,  1822. 

I'elargonium,  1764. 
Pithy  blackberry,  1131. 
Pod  like  willow,  1170. 
Prickly  rose,  1194, 1245. 
Raspberry  gouty,  1124. 

root,  1149. 
Rose,  1235. 
on  Solidago  leaves,  1924. 

spotted  touch-me-not,  852. 
Sugar-maple  mite,  1265. 
Trumpet  grape,  791, 1116. 
Gallei  ia  cereana,  581,  716,  904,  1059, 1293, 1357, 1508, 

1723. 
Gallmiicke.      Beschreibung    einer    den    Birnea 

s.liiidlichen,  2392. 
Gall.s,  137,1561. 

on  blackberry,  263. 

Cottonwood  leaf,  713. 

Unsightly,  446. 
Cypress,  1180. 
on  Eucalyptus.  19G5. 
and  galliusect.s,  1967. 
Golden  rod.  798. 
Grape,  111,100. 


Galls  on  the  grape  vine.     Loaf,  724,  840,  1716. 
growing  on  wild  sage,  1.347. 
Hackberry  ]iHyllid,  220-*. 
Jumping  Heeds  and,  1491),  2163,  2173. 
on  leaves  of  soft  maple,  44.5. 

wild  grape-vine.    Conical,  1077. 
made  by  moths,  1127. 

Phylloxera.    New  hickory,  1901. 
and  mining  in  apple-twigs.     Small,  552. 
Oak  and  rose,  1037. 
Production  of,  1056. 
on  sugar- berry,  762. 

supposed  dock,  1165, 
and  their  architects,  518, 821. 
on  white  oak.     Woolly,  739. 
Gamasid  mite.    Au  extensile  penetrating  organ 

in  a,  1626. 
Gamasus  juloides   infesting  lulus  marginatus, 

963. 
Garden  crops.      Experiments  with    insecticides 
upon  insects  afl'ectiug,  2344. 
in    Florida,    Ashmead,    W.    II. 
Report  on  insects    iujurioaa 
to,  2388. 
insects,  Alwood,  W.  B.     Tests   with   in- 

secticiies  on,  2388. 
lusects  in  the  flower,  936. 
vegetables.     Insects  injurious  to,  2238. 
web-worm,  2363. 
Gardens.     Ants'  nests  in,  496. 

Destroying  black  ants  in,  438 
Toads  in,  822. 
Gargaphia  amorpha",  45. 
tiliiB,  4.5,  400. 
Gas  treatment  for  scale  insects.    Coquillett,   D. 
W.,  2418. 
waste  vs.  Curculio,  549. 
Gases  against  scale  insects.    Use  of,  2389. 
Gasteracantha  cancer,  2111. 
Gaatroidea  cyanea,  316, 1165. 
Gastropachaamericana,  812. 

vellpda  —  Tolype  velleda. 
Gastrophilus  equi,  1391, 1563,  2238. 
Gastrophy.sa  cyanea  =  Gastroidea  cyanea. 
Geelong,  Victoria.    Grape  Phylloxera  at,  1732. 
Gelechia  abieti.sella,  2232. 
cerealella.  2291. 

gallic-.solidaginis  n.tp.,  1059, 1165,2213. 
glandulella  n.  gp.,  1306. 
Hemlock,  2232. 
"White-heart  hickory,  2363. 
Gemminger  and  Harold's  Catalogus  Coleopt«ro- 

rum,  1866. 
General  index  and  supplement  to  tlie   Mistoar 
reports,  2026. 
truths  in  applied  entomology,  2291, 2292. 
Genuine  army-worm  in  the  West,  2009. 

v».  bogus  chinch-bogs,  1402. 
Genus  grinding,  2120. 

Geographical  distribution  of  the  Rocky  Mountain 
locust,  2267. 
range  of  species,  1814. 
Geometer.    Chiekweed,  10.59, 1154. 

Knot-weed,  10.59. 
Geometra  cat«naria  =  Zerene  catenaria. 
Geometridie.     Larval  characters,  165. 


410 


INDEX. 


Georgia.    Kascal  leafcrumpler  in,  1962. 
Geraian  asters.    Diabrotica  vittata  on,  148. 

thoroughuessi,  1597. 
Gigantic  rhinoceros  beetle,  580, 1216, 1292. 

water-bug,  534,733. 
Gilly-flower.s.     Cabbage- worms  upon,  614. 

Pliitella    cruciferarum    injuring, 
614. 
Gilt  gold-beetle,  790. 
Girdled  pear-twigs,  848. 
Giidler.     Twig,  476, 1938. 
Girdling  habits  of  Piedisca  obfuscata,  2405. 
Glassy  cnt-worm,  1059,  2291,  2394. 
Mesochorus,  1127. 
winged  soldier-bug,  1301. 
Glaucopid    caterpillar.     Protective    device    em- 
ployed by  a,  2242. 
Glorified  squash -bug,  262. 
Glossina  morsitans,  1467. 
Glover,  Townend.    Obituary,  2218,  2258. 
Glowworm,  1917. 

Nature  of  the  phosphorescence  of, 

1810. 
That,  1097. 
Glyphe  viridascens  n.  sp.,  12. 
Glypta  alboscutellaris  n.  sp.,  385. 
diversipes  n.  sp.,  385. 
ruficoruis  n.sp.,385. 
■  rufipleuralis  n.  sp.,  385. 
Gnats,  625. 
Goat- weed  butterfly,  1117, 1127, 1329. 

Paphia  glycerium  feeding  on,  1329. 
Going  it  blind,  588. 
Gold-beetle.     Gilt,  790. 

Drop  of,  775. 
Golden-rod  galls,  798. 

GOLDEN-KOD.      INSECTS  AFFECTING. 

Cecidomyia  carbonii'era,  1924. 

solidagiiiis,  798. 
Euryptychia  saligineana  =  Paedisca  scudderi- 

ana. 
Gelechia  gallfe-solidaginis,  1059, 1165. 
Graphtholitha  olivaceana,  2285. 
Nectarophora  rudbeckiaj,  2205. 
Psedisca  scudderiana,  180. 
Siphonophora  rudbeckiaj =;  Nectarophora  rud- 

beckife. 
Trypeta  solidaginis,  180,  798, 1059. 
Golden-rod  tortoise-beetle,  1127. 
Gomphocerus  shastanus  n.  sp.,  1959. 
Gomphus  amnicola  n.sp.,'2i. 

consobrinus  n.  sp.,  39. 
fluvialis  n.  sp.,  24. 
gra-silinellus  n.  .ij).,  24. 
quadricolor  n.  sp.,^ 39. 
vastus  n.  sp.,  24. 
ventricosus  n.  sp.,  39. 
Gonatopns  contortulus,  2116. 
pedestris,  2116. 
pilosus.    Biology  of,  2116. 
Goniocotea  hologaster,  1C94. 
Good  words.    More,  532. 

Gooseberries  and  currants.    Green  worms  on,  136. 
Gooseberry  and  currant  worms,  772. 
fruit-worm,  1059. 


Gooseberry.    Insects  affectikg. 
Dakriima  couvolulella,  1059. 
Ellopia  ribearia=  Eufitchia  ribearia. 
Epicffirus  iiubricatus,  3.'). 
Eufitchia  ribearia,  772,  1068,  1570. 
Nematus  ribesii,  140,  228,  333,  756,  772. 

ventricosus  =N.  ribesii. 
Pristiphora  gnissulariie,  40,  189,  772. 
Tenthredinid,  136. 
Gooseberry  saw-tly,  140. 

Imported,  228,  333. 
span-worms,  1068, 1570. 
worm,  189. 

worms.    Currant  and,  1570. 
Imported,  756. 
Gordiacsea,  612. 
Gordius,  861. 

aquaticns,  447,  1143, 
varius,  1143. 
Gortyna  nebris,  1646. 

nitela,  331,  401,  632,  694,  734,  754,  820,862, 
940,  976,  993,  1009,  1056,  1059,  1210, 1558, 
1589,  1595,  1646,  1870,  2229. 
sp.,  138. 
Gouty  gall  on  blackberry  and  raspbeiry  canes, 

1771. 
Governor  of  Kansas  on  the  grasshopper  question. 

lieport  to,  1573. 
Governors  of  Western  States  on  the  Eocky  Mount- 
ain locust,  1557. 
Gracilaria.    Purple  willow,  2363. 
Grain  Aphis,  2394.  ,     . 

Bad  work  of,  1638. 
vs.  rust,  1806. 
Bruchu.s,  1301. 

of  Europe  just  imported,  1120. 
Chinch-bug  not  iu  seed,  888. 
Grain.    Insects  affecting. 
Aphid,  99. 

Asopia  farinalis,  2337. 
Bruchus  granariu.s,  1301. 
Gelechia  cerealella,  2291. 
Nectarophora  grauaria,  126. 
Grain  moth,  2337. 

Angoumois,  2291. 
A  new  leaf-hopper  injurious  to  small,  1767. 
plant  louse,  99, 126, 1127. 
Silvanus,  1259. 
Sphenophorus,  2363, 2394. 
weevil,  15,  2291. 
weevils.    Aniseed  vs.,  1742. 
Grains.    Calandra  granaria  in,  1259. 

and  grasses,  "Webster,  F.  M.     Insects  af- 
fecting, 2394. 
Webster,  F.  M.    Experiments  on  the  eiiect 
of  punctures  of  Hemiptera  on  shrubs, 
fruits,  and,  2382. 
Granddaddy  long-legs,  838. 
Granulated  cut- worm,  2291. 
Grape-bark  louse,  106. 

berry  moth,  557,  585*,  792. 
cane-gall  Curculio,  1059. 
canes  and  apple-twigs.    Eggs  in,  1323. 
Egg  on,  855. 
punctured,  513, 1333. 


INDEX. 


411 


Grape  Cnrculio,  373, 1059. 
iHMeaso,  1311. 
IVuit  worm,  1059. 
gall.     Tnuupft,  791, 1116. 
galls,  111.  160. 
iu.spit.s.  164,  267,  1056, 1569. 
leal  folder,  1301,  1579. 

Ibliler.s  eaten  by  Hpiilers,  468. 

Hairy,  664. 
gall-loU!.e,  373, 1301,1311. 
gall.s.  127, 1295, 1435, 1531. 
Leaf-hoppers  of  the,  399. 
leaf-lou.se,  916. 

Phylloxera  enemy,  1530. 
Phylloxera,  1329, 1363, 1373, 1482, 1721 
in  California,  1727. 
France,  2193. 
Geelong,  Victoria,  1732. 
New   biological   facts   regard- 
ing, 1421. 
Newest  facta  of,  1401, 
not  at  the  Cape,  1841. 

permanently    destructive, 
1907. 
Notes  on  the,  1952,  2291. 

natural    history 
of.  1439. 
Use  of  guano  for,  1837. 
root-borer,  373, 1301. 

New,  1059, 1127. 
rot.    Phylloxera  and,  1623, 1628. 
saw-fly,  2291. 
scale  insect,  1706. 
seed  Curculio,  1059. 

Insect  infesting,  482. 
maggot,  1127. 
vine  Aphis,  170. 

apple-gall,  1329, 1898. 

An  apple  growing  on  a,  403, 436. 

Bark-lice  on,  1212. 

beetles,  113, 129,  133,  339,  354. 

borer,  429. 

caterpillars,  124. 

caterpillars,     lilack,  1018. 

Colaspis,231, 13U1. 

again,  1311. 
Conical  galls  on  leaves  of  wild,  1077. 
Epinieri-s,  1301,  1363. 
Fidia,  272, 1059,1231. 
filbert-gall,  1329. 
flea^beetle,  298,  1252, 1301, 1821, 1855. 

Lai-A-a!  of,  1041,1074. 
and  fuchsia  beetles,  133. 

a  hickory.    Hybrid  between,  1284. 
hoppers,  1024. 

Injured  strawberry  and,  682. 
in.seet.^  128,  725. 
GUAPE-VI.NE.      IX8ECT3  ArFKCTIXG. 
Acoloithus  falaarius,  124. 
Acronycta  obliuita,  1208, 1301. 
Algeria  poli8tiformis  =  Sciapteron  polistifor- 

mis. 
Alypiaoctomacnlata,  1059, 1127, 1130, 1208,1363. 
Amblycorypha  oblongifolia,  1329. 
Ampeloglypter  sesostris,  1059. 
Ampelopbaga  myron,  1086, 1127, 1247. 


GitAPE  VINE.     I.N8KCT8  AKKECTING— Continued. 
Amphicerus  bieaudatus,  1185. 
Anoniala  lucicola,  113. 
Aphis  vili.M,  102,  170. 
Apis  mellitica,  441. 
lilennoeampa  pygmiea,  1252. 
UoHtiichu8bicaudatus  =  AmphicernBbicauda- 

tUH. 

Capsus  oblineatus  --  Lygns  pratensls. 
Cecidoiuyia  vitis-coryloidea,  1329. 
,      lituuH,  791.  1116. 

pomuni,  403,  1284, 1329, 1898. 
vitirola,791.  1077,1110,1329. 
Cecidomyid,  111. 
Ceranibycid,  429. 
Ceresa  bubalus,  1323,  13J9. 
Cha-rocampa  pampiuatrix  —  A  ui  jielophaga 

myron. 
Cceliodes  insqualis  =  Craponius  ina-(|aali8. 
Colaspis  flavida,  129, 133, 135,231, 1301, 1311. 
Coriiuehena  piilicaria,  1046. 
Craponius  iuicqualis,  373, 1059. 
Curculio,  267. 
Dactylosphfera  vitifolia3=  Phylloxera  vadta- 

tiix. 
Darapsa  mj-ron  =  Ampelopbaga  myron. 
Desiuia  maculalis,  468. 11.58, 1301, 1569, 1579. 
Drosopliila  ampelo]ihiIa,  2119. 
Eggs,  855. 

Enchenopa  binotata,  725. 
Enchophyllum  binotatum  =  Enchenopa  bino- 
tata. 
Erythroneura  sp.,  164. 

tricincta=:Typhlocyba   tri- 

cinctii. 
viti8=  Tyjihlocyba  vitis. 
Eudemis  botrana,  .557,  58.5,  792, 1059. 
Eudryas  grata,  1127, 1363. 
unio,  1127, 1363. 
Fidia  longipes.  339. 
sp.,  102. 

viticida,  272, 339, 1059, 1231. 
Galls,  128,  791 

Graptodera  chalybca  =  Ilalticto  chalybea. 
Haltica  chalybea.  203,  298, 1041, 1252, 1255, 1301, 

1821, 1855. 
Harrisiana  aniericana,  164,  213, 1127, 1130. 
Iso.soma  vitis.  482,  484, 1059. 1127. 
Lasioptera  vitis,  720, 1329. 
Leaf-hopper,  484. 

Lecanium  vitis  =  Pulvinaria  vitis. 
Lygus  pratensis,  682. 
Macrodactylus  Bubspinosus.  373.  505.  1375. 
Membracid,  286. 
Membracis  anipelopsidis.  1183. 
(Ecanthus  nivcus.  286,  414.  723,  1059, 1323. 132», 

1333,  1691,219.5. 
Oncometopia  undata,  36,  79, 164,  399. 
Orocharis  saltator.  513, 1323,  rt29. 
Ortliosouia  bruniienm,  397. 

eylindricum  =  O.  brunnenra. 
Oxyptilus  periacelidactylu.t,  C64.    1059,   1175, 

1301. 
Pelidnoia  punctata,  113, 129.  3,54,  72.5, 1221, 1301 
Pemphigus  vitifoli.r  —  I'livlloxera  va-.tattir. 
Penthina  vitivorana  ~-  EuderaiH  botraua. 


412 


INDEX. 


Gbape-vine.    Insects  affecting — Continued. 
Philampelus  achemon,  1091, 1127. 
pandoni.s,  1102. 
satelliatia  =P.  pandoras. 
Phylloxera  vastatrix,  127, 160,  373,  565,  724,  840, 
916,     1281,  1295,  1301, 
1311,  1325,  1329,  1342, 
1363,  1374,  1376,  1421, 
1423,  1435,  1439,  1482, 
1530,  1.531,  1623,  1628, 
1716,  1721,  1727,   1732, 
1837,  1841,  1895,  1900, 
1907,  1952. 
vitifolife  =  P.  vastatrix. 
Poeciloptera  pruinosa,  1329. 
Polyeaon  confertus,  2103. 
Prionua  imbricoruis,  1127, 1274. 

laticollis,  561, 1059, 1081, 1127. 
Proconia  undata  =  Oucometopia  undata. 
Procris  americana  =  Harrisiana  americana. 

falsarius  =  Acoloitliiis  falsarius. 
Psychomorpha  epimeris,  1301, 1363. 
Pterophorns      periscelidactyln.s  =  Oxyptilus 

periscelidacty  his. 
Pulvinaria  vitis,  106, 1212,  1706, 1716. 
Pyrophlla  pyramidoides,  671, 1301. 
Sciapteron  polistiforniis,  373, 1301, 1509. 
Selandria  vitis  =  Blennocampa  pygma?a. 
Sinoxylon  basilare,  1311. 
Smilia  auriculata,  1183. 
Spilosoma  virginica,  1202, 1301. 
Tettigonia  coagulata,  1024. 

vitis  ---  Typblocyba  vitis. 
Tbyreus  abbotii,  763, 1018, 1127, 1248. 
Typblocyba  tricincta,  25. 
vitis,  203,  686. 
Grape-vine.    Insects   injurious    to  the,  267, 1059, 
1081, 1086, 1091, 1102, 1118,1130,1137, 
1158, 1175, 1202. 1221, 1255,1281,1301, 
1311, 1329, 1363. 
Large  compound  gall  on,  720. 
leaf-galls,  724,  840, 1716. 

hoppers,  484,  686. 
pest.    More  about  the,  1376. 
plume,  1059, 1301. 
Procris,  213. 
root-borer,  1509. 
roots.     Wood-lice  on,  1906. 
tomato-gall,  1329. 
trumpet-gall,  1329. 
worm.    Dark,  763. 
Green,  671. 
Pyramidal,  1301. 
vines.    Bugs  on,  1046. 

Caterpillars  on,  1208. 

On  the  cause  of   deterioration    in 

some  of  our  native,  1342. 
Egg-puncture    in    raspberry   and, 

2195. 
Eggs  of  the  tree-cricket  on,  723. 
mistaken    for  chinch-bug.      Bugs 

on,  398. 
to  Phylloxera  in  sandy  soil.    Re- 
sistance of,  2250. 
Rose-chafers  on,  1375. 
Grapes  cut  oflF  by  tree-cricket,  414. 
Honey-bees  eating,  441. 


Grapes  spoiled  by  something,  464. 
Grapholitha  gallae-saliciaua  n.sp.,  1968. 
Grapbolitha  ninana  n.  sp.,  2176. 

olivaceana  n.  sp.,  1968. 

Habits  of,  2285. 
pruinivora,  367,  373, 1795. 
Graphops  pubescens,  2229. 
Grapta,  1301. 

comma,  461, 1140. 
interrogationis,  420,  444, 1306. 
Graptodera  carinata  =  Haltica  cariuata. 
chalybea  =t  Haltica  chalybea. 
punctipennis  :=  Haltica  punctipennia. 
Grass-bug  and  its  habits,  882. 

insects,  541. 
Grass.    Insects  affecting. 
Laphygma  frugiperda,  1127. 
Leucania  unipuncta,  1877. 
Grasses,  Webster,  F.  M.    Insects  affecting  small 

grains  and,  2394. 
Grasshopper.     The,  1588. 

Colorado,  502. 
eggs,  536,  667. 

Trombidium  preying  on,  624. 
Governors  of  Western  States  on 

the  Rocky  Mountain,  1557.     . 
Hateful,  373,  475. 
injuries.    New  method  of  conn- 

teracting,  2235. 
injury  in  the  near  future.    Prob- 
abilities of,  2335. 
Outlook  for  locust  or,  2461. 
machine.    A  satisfactory,  1592. 
A  new  enemy  of  the,  1541. 
Parasite  on  hateful,  728. 
pest  of  the  West.    Important  ob- 
servations on,  1571. 
prospect,  1693. 
question.   Report  to  governor  of 

Kansas,  1573. 
ravages  in  California,  2323. 
Rocky  Mountain,  1557. 
Western,  1998. 
year  ?  Is  this  a,  1565. 
Grasshoppers,  368,  391,  402,  433, 1363. 
Destructive,  2363. 
and  locusts,  26, 147,  929. 
Mites  on,  146. 
Rear-horses  vs.,  590. 
Young,  2377. 
Grass-worm,  2119. 

Gray  straight-horned  snout-beetle.    Large,  1033. 
Gray.    Personal  reminiscences  of  Dr.  Asa,  2419. 
Greasy  cut-worm,  1059,  2291,  2418. 
Great  discovery.    Curculio  extermination  possi- 
ble, 1173. 
elm-leaf  beetle,  1721. 
Lebia,  1301. 
leopard  moth,  1311. 
Green  apple-leaf  tyer,  1311. 

corn.    A  new  insect  foe  to,  1655. 
grape-vine  worm,  671. 
hag  moth,  1233. 
striped  maple- worm,  1329. 
worms  on  gooseberries  and  currants,  136. 
Greenhouse  pests,  508. 
plants,  508. 


INDEX. 


413 


Gregarioua  worm  on  horae-cbestnut,  1192. 
waluut  caterpillars,  11)45. 
willow-woriiis,  85G. 
Ground-beetle.     Another  herbivorous,  2012. 
Fiery,  1059. 
Murky,  48B. 
Pennsylvaniii,  1059. 
Subangular,  372. 
beetles,  1127, 1558, 1625, 1643. 
Eggs  of,  692. 
Food-habits  of,  1760. 
Vegetal  feeding,  1738. 
Gronndless  fear,  284. 
Growth  of  insect  eggs,  2241. 

Grub  fundus.    White,   594,  640.  1064,   1430,  1436, 
1599,  1803,  1823. 
information  wanted.     White,  1072. 
•\\Tiite,  68,  410,  1020,  1059,  2238,  2363,  2394. 
■worm,  54. 
Grubs  and  guess-work,  1440. 
Gryllida>,  929,  2267. 
Gryllotalpa,  2267. 

borealis,  562,  1270,  1798. 
Columbia,  562. 
longipennis=:G.  Columbia. 
Gryllns,  2267,  2384. 

abbreviatus,  143,  433. 
Guano  for  grape  Phylloxera.    Use  of,  1837. 
Guard.    Be  on  the,  708. 
Guess-work.     Grubs  and,  1440. 
G  uide  to  the  study  of  insects.     Keview  of  Pack- 
ard's, 395,  479,  6?3,  827. 
Gymnetis  nitida  =  Allorhina  nitida. 
Gyrinus  larva  in  stomach  of  shad,  1853. 
Habit.     Change  of,  2096. 
Hackberry  butterflies,  1356,  1363. 
Hackbekrv.    Insects  affecting. 
Apatura  alicia,  1363. 

celtis,  1356,  1363. 
clyton,  1356,  1363.  > 

herse  =  A.  clyton. 
lycaon  =  A:  celtis. 
Galls,  791. 

PachypsyUa  c.-mamma,  2208. 
c.-venusta,  2208. 
Hackberry  psyllid  galls,  2208. 
Hadena,  2238. 

chenopodii  =  Mamestra  trifolii. 
devastatrix,  1056, 1059,  2291,  2394, 2355. 
.  juncta,  1056. 
renigera,  964,  1059. 
sp.,  1047. 

sulijuncta,  901,  1059. 
Hsematopis  grataria,  1059, 1154. 
Hag-moth.    Green,  1233. 

larva,  777,  1272. 
Hagen,  H.  A.    The  Hessian-fly  not  imported  from 
Europe,  2207. 
Observations    on    certain    North 
American  Xeuroptera,  39. 
Hagen's  mystery.    Dr.,  1943. 
Hair  snakes,  612, 861. 1143. 
worms,  861, 1643, 1959. 
Hairy  caterpillar,  558. 

grape-leaf  folders,  664. 
Haldeman,  S.  S.    Death  of,  1909. 


Ualietus  8p.,800. 

Halisidota  autijihola  ».«})., 40=  II.  tessellata. 
caryie.  45. 

hari'isii  n.  up.,  45  =  U.  tessellata. 
tesseUata,  40, 45,  50. 
Haltica  alteruata  =  Disonycha  alt«'rnata. 
carinata,  133,  1868. 
chalybea,  203, 298, 1041, 1074, 1252, 1255, 1301. 

1583, 1821,  1855. 
cucuuieri8=  Crcpidodera  cDcumeris. 
exapta  =11.  carinata. 
helxines  =  Crcpidodfra  helxines. 
pumtipenuis,  2383. 2468. 
8tri()lata  =  Phyllotreta  vittata. 
Haltichi'Ua  i)erpulchra.  11. 12. 
Halticidie,  873,  1858, 2236. 
Ham-beetle.     Red-legged,  1363. 
Hams.     Skippers  injuring  smoked,  1734. 
Hand-maid  moth,  2222. 
Hard  story.  •  Ephemera  flies,  1043. 
Harlequin  cabbage-bug,  1099,1311,1534,2238,2263. 

2291. 
Harmless  insects,  1526. 
Harold's  Catalogus  Coleopterorum.    Gemminget 

and,  18C6. 
Harpactor  cinctus=  Milyas  ciuctns. 
Harpalus,  1643. 

caliginosus,  3. 486. 
erraticus,  1537. 
pennsylvanicus,  372. 
Harpiphorus  maculatus,  499,  955,  965,  1056,  1264, 

1570, 1586,  2324. 
Harris's  bark-lou.se,  373. 

correspondence  (review),  623. 
insects  injurious  to  vegetation  (review), 
568. 
Harrisina  americana,  164,  213,  789, 1056, 1127, 1135. 
Harvest  bugs,  412. 

fly.    Dog-day,  1546. 
mites,  1326. 
Hatch  pupu'.     How  to,  509. 

Will  uuinipregnated  eggs,  1029. 
Hatching  ?    Are  the  locusts,  1566. 
Hateful  grasshopper,  373,  475. 

Parasites  on,  728. 
locust.  1452. 

loeu.Hts.    Prairie  fires  and,  1453. 
Hawk's  pellets.  601, 643. 
Hawthorn.    Worms  on,  1051. 
Hay.    Worms  under  mulch,  1161. 
Head-maggot,  450. 1059. 

of  winged  insects,  Packard,  A.  S.     Number 
of  segments  in  the.  2267. 
Hedge-hog  caterpillar,  1153. 
Helia  ami'ricalis,  2414. 
Helianthus.    Lixus  macer  bred  from,  2404. 
Heliotliina'.     Synopsis  of  (review).  2178. 
HeUothis  amiigora,  192.  636.  820.  993,  11.16,  1256. 
1301,  1353,  1664,  1695,  1886.1915,2119. 
2238,  2343. 
marginidens  =  Pyrrhla  expriraens. 
phlogophagus,  936, 945,  993,  1056. 
umbni.sus,  2343. 
Hellgramite,  1570,  1584. 

fly,  473, 1329. 
Helops  serena,  751. 


414 


INDEX. 


Helops  micans,  963. 

puUus  =  H.  aereus. 
Heraaris  thysbe,  879. 
Hemerobidfe,  22b7. 

Hemileuca  maia,  595,  722,  735,  760, 1329, 1352. 
Hemiptera,  400, 1329,  2267. 

upon  shrubs,  fruits,  and  grains.    Web- 
ster, F.  M.,  2382. 
Experiments  of  the  ef- 
fects of  punctures  of, 
2382. 
Hemipterological  studies,  2034. 
Hemispherical  larva  at  bottom  of  ant  hill,  1789. 
Hemiteles,  77, 

cressoni  n.  sp.,  1059. 

fuscatus  n.  sp.,  380  =  var.  of  nemati- 

vorus. 
nemativorus  n.  sp.,  380. 
thyridopterygis  n.  sp.,  1059. 
Hemlock  Gelechia,  2232. 
Hemlock.    Insects  affecting. 
Buprestid,  2267. 
Cerambycid,2207. 
Gelechia  abietisella,  2232, 
Hen.    Death  of  a,  1094. 
Henderson's  experiments.     Mr.,  1688. 
Henous,  1643. 

confertus,  1600. 
larval  habits,  1387. 
Heptagenia  n.  g.,  39. 

cruentata  n.  sp.,  39. 
macnlipennis  n.  sp.,  39. 
simplex  n.  sp.,  39. 
Herbivorous  ground-beetle.    Another,  2042. 
Herpetogomphus  rupinsulensls  Ji.  sp.,  24. 
Hesperid  larva  feeding  on  Oanna,  1897. 
Hessian-fly,  150,  250,  426, 1581, 1665,  2008, 2267,  2365. 
Effects  of  drought  on,  2031. 
in  England,  2395. 

into  England.    Introduction  of,  2398. 
Fighting  the,  1587. 
half  way  around  the  world,  2440. 
Koeppen's  account  of  the,  2267. 
in  North  America.    Early  references 

to  the,  2267. 
Not  the,  1445. 

imported  from  Europe.    Hagen, 
H.  A.,  2267. 
■      Parasites  of,  2332. 

prior  to  the  Revolution.    Insects  con- 
founded with  the,  2470. 
Probable  parthenogenesisof  the,  1787. 
in  seed-wheat,  494. 

Silesia.    Oohn,  F.,  2267. 
Wheat-rust  and  the,  1605. 
Hetaerina  pseudamericana  n.  sp.,  39. 
rupamnensis  n.  sp.,  39. 
rupinsulensis  n.  sp.,  24. 
scelerata  n.  sp.,  39. 
tesana  n.sp.,  39. 
Heteronychus  relictus  =  Ligyrus  relictus. 
Heteropelma  datautC  n.  sp.,  2526. 
Heteroptera,  1736. 

Defensive  odors  of  the,  354. 
Hexagenia  n.  g.,  39. 

bjUueata,  372, 1043, 1851. 


Hexaplasta,  1749, 1932. 

zigzag  n.  sp.,  1749, 1932,  2343. 
Hexapoda,  1955,  2207. 

Poisonous,  2399. 
Hibernating  Aletia  chrysalids.    Supposed,  1927. 

apple-worms.    Severe  cold  and,  2037. 
Hibernation  of  Aletia  xylina  in  the  United  States 
a  settled  fact,  2141. 
Amphipyra  pyramidoides,  1471. 
army- worm,  2086. 
the  cotton-moth,  1728. 

worm  moth,  1953. 
insects,  1129. 
Hickory-bark  borer,  938. 

borer,  269,  308, 1401. 

Citheronia  regalis  on  shell-bark,  775. 

Eccopsis,  2363. 

Fall  web-worm  on,  460.- 

galls,  360. 

made  by  Phylloxera.    New,  1901. 
Gelechia.    White  heart,  2363. 
Hybrid  between  a  grape  and  a,  1284. 
HiCKOEY.    Insects  affecting. 

Arhopalus  pictus  =  Cyllene  pictus. 

Cecidomyia  tubicola,  1232. 

Citheronia  regalis,  775. 

Cly tus  pictus  ==  Cyllene  pictus. 

CyUene  pictus,  89,  269,  308, 1516. 

Datana  ministra,  2222. 

Eccopsis,  2303. 

Galls,  791. 

Gelechia,  2363. 

Hyphantria  cunea,  460. 

textor  =  H.  cunea. 
Phylloxera  caryse  avellana,  1901. 
caulis,  360,  685. 
globuli,  360. 
scissa,  1901. 
Scolytus  caryio  =  S.  4-8pinosus. 

4-spinosus,  938, 1329, 1401, 1754. 
Hickory  Scolytus,  938.  , 

stem  gall-louse,  685. 
vs.  locust-borer,  1516. 
Hipparchiscus  n.  g.,  40  =  Aplodes. 

venustus  ■».  sp.,  40  =  Aplodes  mi- 
mosaria. 
Hippodamia.    Ambiguous,  2119. 

coHvergens,  639, 1251, 1431, 1672. 
glacialis  849. 

maculata  =  Megilla  uiaculata. 
Hirmoneura.    Entomography  of,  2275. 

Larval  stages  and  habits  of,  2169. 
obscura,  2169,  2275. 
Hirundo  amcricana,  1502. 

fulva,  1502. 
Hispa  scutellaris  =  Odontota  dorsalis. 
Hitherto    unknown  life-habits  of  two  ge^era  of 

bee  flies,  2002. 
Hockeria  n.  g.,  11  =  Haltichella. 

perpulchra  n.  s;5.,  11  =  Haltichella  per. 
pulcbra. 
Hog  caterpillar  of  the  vine,  1127. 

iufested    with    para- 
sites, 1247. 
Hogs  vs.  bugs,  387. 
Holcaspis  mamma,  518, 


INDEX. 


415 


Holes  around  the  roots  of  young  .oshtroos  in  the 

nursery,  471.- 
flolocora  glauduella  n.  gj>.,  1310, 1311. 
Houialoniyia  leidyi  n.fp.,  382. 

pruinivora  »».*ip.,  38'2. 
wllaoui  n.  sp.,  382.. 
Home.    Colorado  potato-beotlo's  native,  1462. 
Ilomoptera.    Egg-slits  made  by,  I'J. 
Uouey-ant.     Peculiarities  of  the  Mexican,  1417. 

bee.     Braala  coeca  not  paiticularly  inju- 
rious to,  1982. 
Bug  preying  on,  13. 
Dipterous  enemies  of,  704. 
Ui.seussion  on,  1455. 
Insect  enemies  of,  1059. 
bees  carnivorous  ?    Are,  2098. 

eating  grapes,  441. 
locnst  seed  weevil,  1026. 

•weevil,  1474. 
producing  oak  gall,  1942. 
Too  fond  of,  764. 
Honor.     Deserved,  2124. 
Hop  Aphis,  1001,  2291,  2394,  2418. 

and    the    cranberry.    Smith,  J.  B.     Insects 

affecting  the,  2291. 
growing  in  the  West,  235,  279. 
insects,  1001. 

plant  louse  in  Europe  and  America.    Prob- 
lem of  the,  2400. 
fully    solved.    Problem  of   the, 

2396. 
Life-history  of  the,  2393. 
Problem  of  the,  2100. 
vine  caterpillars,  444,  979. 
Hor-viXE.    Insects  affkctlnc;. 
Grapta  interrogatiouis,  420, 444. 
Hypena  humuli  =  H.  scabra. 

scabra,  979, 1001. 
Hyperchiria  io,  420. 
Phorodon  humuli,  235,   279,  1001,  2393,    2394, 

2396,  2400. 
Satumia  io  =  Hyperchiria  io. 
Vanessa  interrogatiouis —Grapta  icterroga- 
tionis. 
Hop-vine.    Insect  foes  of  the,  420. 
Hoplophora  arctata  n.  sp.,  1363, 1370. 
Hopper  in  Iowa,  1585. 

Horinus  lievis  =  Merinus  lajvia.  , 

Horizontal  insect  boxes,  1963. 
Ilormaphis  spinosus,  1678. 
Horn-bug,  1G3G. 

Cocoon  of,  784. 
Horned  Pas.salus,  1311. 

Egg  of,  1329. 

Hornia  71.(7.,  1601>  1643. 

minutipepnis  n.  »p.,  1601, 1651. 
Structure  and  development  of,  1651. 
Horn's  classification  of  the  Carabida),  2051. 
Horse  bot-lly,  2238. 

chestnut.    Flat-headed  apple-tree  borer  in, 
1316. 
Gregarious  worms  on,  1192. 
Horse-chestnut.    Insect.s  affectint,. 
Caccecia  rileyana,  1192. 
Chrysobolliri.-i  femorata,  1316. 
Xortris  rileyana  =  Caccecia  rileyana. 


Horse-hair  snakes,  612. 

Horses.     Lice  on,  258. 

Horticultural  entomology.     Recent  advances  in, 

2230. 
Horticulture.     Utilization  of  ants  in,  2089, 2137. 
Houghton's  insects  in  tiio  orchard,  188. 
House-liy,  804,  2078. 

Proboscis,  178.1. 
How  great  witsjiini])  together,  .067. 

to  hatch  pujiiP,  .'lOO. 
Howard,  L.O.    Chinch  bug,  2418. 

Codling  nioth,24l8. 
Howell,   M.   A.      Experience    witli    the    spring 

canker-worm,  2267. 
Hubbard,  II.  G.    Miscellaneous  notes  on  orange 
in.sect.s,  2164. 
Report  on  cotton  insccl.^  2343. 
Rust  of  the  orange,  2291. 
Scale  insects  of  the  orange,  2119. 
Hudson  Bay  Lepidoptera,  1985. 
Hull's  Curculio  catcher,  37-2,  651,  875. 
Hulst's  ob:>ervations  on  Pronuba  yuccasella,  Mr., 

2371. 
Hnmau  aniir.al.   .Parasites  of  the, 497. 
body.     Larvib  in,  382. 
lungs.    On  a  larva  of  Scenopiuus  from, 
1348. 
Humbert  on  Lucilia,  2255. 
Humblebees,  800. 
Humbug.    Another,  195. 

now  Curculio,  589. 
Entomology  all  a,  63. 
New,  122. 

Curculio,  680. 
Humming-bird  moths  caught  by  the  tongue,  1388. 
Hundred  and  fifty  million  dollars.    That,  1647. 

legged  worms,  219. 
Hybrid  between  a  grain;- vine  and  a  hickory,  1284. 
Hydrachna  belostomaj  »».  n]).,  1632, 
Hydrophilus  piceus,  2016. 

triangularis,  2016. 

Notes  on,  2016. 
Hylecu'tus  lugubris,  575. 
Hylesinus  opa'  ulus,  1656, 1721. 

trif  dii.  16H0, 1721, 1777, 1846,2512. 
Hylobius  confusus,  700, 1168. 

stupidus,  84.'>. 
Hylurgops,  Packard,  A.  S.    De^■elopnleut  of,  2267. 
Hylurgus  pinifex,  '2267. 
Hymenopiera,  543, 1329, 1736,  2267. 

Description  of  NorthAinericaD,  385. 
Para.sitic,  310. 
Willow  galls  nuido  by,  46. 
Workers  among,  311. 
Hymenorus  ob.scurus,  2105. 

ruflpes,  2105,  2-2.'6. 

as  a  niyrmecnphilous  species, 
2226. 
Hypena  humuli,  9  =  H.  scnbrn. 

ecabra,  979,  1001,  1976,  2343. 
8cal)ralis,'234'l. 
Hyperchiria  io,420,  809, 1264, 1329, 1352, 1389,  2343. 

varia  =  H.  io. 
Hypermet.iniorpho.oes  of  Meloida-,  2191. 
IIvphantriarunea,112.212,  454,  4-.6.  400.  819.  1301, 
1733,  1849,  1U9.-.,  22;i8,  2378, 2379,  KH. 
textor  =  U.  cuiioa. 


416 


INDEX. 


Hypodenna  bovia,  898, 1563, 2238 
Hyponomeuta,  2000. 

malinella,  2000. 
muUipunctella,  2000. 
5-punctella,  1603, 1804. 
Hypopus,  1703. 
Icerya.    Bull.  No.  15  on,  2389. 
Life-history  of,  2386. 
in  New  Zealand.    Enemies  of,  2479. 
purchasi,  2386,  2394,  2400,  2401,  2415. 

an   insect   injurious    to   fruit- 
trees,  2401. 
Original  habitat  of,  2415. 
sacchari,  2415. 
IchneumoD,  1541. 

brevipennis,  1570. 
cseruleus,  1802. 
Cocoons  of,  63, 183. 
flies,  662,  679, 1643, 1625. 

Cocoons  of,  851. 
fly.    Army-worm,  1127. 
fly  mistaken  for  a  wasp,  477. 
leucanife,  1670. 

obsoletus  n.  sp.,  1570=:var.  of  brevi- 
pennis. 
signatipes,  1802. 
from  stomach  of  bluebird,  1878. 
wing,  50, 197,  385. 
Ichneumonidee,  2516. 

Descriptions  of  new,  385. 
Habits,  158. 
Ichttyura  inclusa,  856. 
Icy  lady-bird,  1311. 
Identity.    Mistaken,  1593. 
Ignorance  in  the  North.    Entomological,  431. 
South.    Entomological,  390. 
Illinois.    Entomological  tour  in  Southern,  372. 
First  report  noxious  insects  of,  373. 
Flying  locusts  in,  1437, 1443. 
Natural  History  Society.    Address  be- 
fore, 5. 
New  Cynipidse  of,  41. 
Pseudoneuroptera,  24. 
A  rare  capture  in,  1211. 
Six  worst  insect  enemies  of  the  fruit- 
growers in  northern,  377. 
State  entomologist  of,  327. 

Horticultural  Society.    Report  of 
committee  on   entomology   of, 
1056. 
Imbricated  snout-beetle,  1301, 2291. 
Imitative  butterflies,  613. 
Impatiens  fulva.    GaUs  on,  852. 
Imperial  moth.    Larva  of,  1087, 1268. 
Importation  of  insect  parasites,  2461. 

Lestophonus.      Further   on   the, 
2541. 
Imported  cabbage-butterfly,  1127, 2291. 
worm,  2232,  2238, 2291. 

Bacterial  disease  of  the, 

2251. 
New  remedy  for,  2298. 
in  the  South,  1714. 
Successful  introduction 
of  a  parasite  of  the, 
2291. 


Imported  carpet-beetle,  1699. 

currant-worm,  1127,1570,2238. 

fly  and  its  parasite,  380 
3S1. 
elm-leaf   beetle,   2232,  2304,  2325,  2378, 

2394. 
gooseberry  saw-fly,  228,  333. 

worms,  156. 
insects,  140,  225. 

and  native  American  insects, 
1115,  1127. 
orchard  Scolytus,  2233. 
plants  aud  insects,  1339. 
Importing  European  parasites,  208. 
Improved  method  of  .spraying  trees  for  protection 

against  insects.  2211. 
In  memoriam  B.  D.  Walsh,  1098. 
Index  to  reports  State  entomologist  of  Missouri, 

2026. 
Indian-corn  insects,  23,  138. 

Indiana,  Butler,  A.  W.    The  periodical  Cicada  in 
southeastern,  2364. 
Webster,  F.  AI.    The  season's  observa- 
tions in,  2418. 
Indigo.    Walshia  amorphella  on  false,  1127. 
Industry  in  the  United  States.    Silk,  2268. 
Inexpei  t  defense,  2476. 
Inflating  Chalcis,  1059. 
Information  wanted,  1111. 
Injurious  caterpillars,  151. 
insects,  126. 

in  California,  2074. 
InqaUines  in  galleries  of  common  white  ant,  1729. 

and  Psenides.    Relations  of,  41. 
Inquiries  answered,  180. 
Inquiring  friends,  1642, 1656. 
Insect  boxes.    Vertical  vs.  horizontal,  1963, 

catching  habits  of  Sarracenia  variolaris, 

1385, 1390. 
changes,  388. 
collection  for  sale,  2046. 
collections.    Naphthaline  cones  for,  2073. 

Protei  tion  of,  2180. 
damage  to  the  corks  of  wine-bottles,  2477. 
defoliators.    Shade-trees  and  their,   2378, 

2379. 
destroyer.    Paris  green  as  an,  1447. 
eggs,  243,  286,  291. 

Growth  of,  224L 
enemies,  1583. 

of  the  Colorado  potato-beetle,  411. 

growing  rice,  1911. 
to  the  rice-plant,  1949. 
extinguisher.     Treat's  (review),  531. 
foe  of  the  apple-tree  borer,  421. 

to  green  corn.    A  new,  1655. 
foes  of  the  apple-tree,  467. 
army-worm,  12. 
bark-louse,  417. 
hop-vine,  420. 
pea,  14. 
potato,  1558. 
found  about  orange-trees,  1798- 
friend.    Another,  879. 
friends  and  insect  foes,  38. 
on  grape,  1569. 


INDEX. 


417 


Insect  injurious  to  junipers,  1713. 

wheat.     A  new,  2288. 
killer.    Worthleasness  of  the  sparrow  as 

an,  2413. 
life,  5. 

and  sun  spots,  2094. 
locouiotioii,  1955. 
named,  2297. 
pest.     A  uew,  1680. 
plagues,  2198. 

A  plaut  growing  out  of  an,  332,  478. 
powder.    Direi'tions  for  cultivating  pyre- 
thru  ni  fur,  1'.I9G. 
Persian,  1-185. 
powders  and  their  use,  1692. 
ravages,  1404. 
Trade  in,  1986. 
world,  1466,  1467. 

Figuier's  (leview),  408. 
Kemarkable  jieculiarity  in  the,  622. 
Insecticide.     London  puiple  as  an,  1725. 
Ose.ve  daisy  as  an,  1861. 
Pyrethruni  an  iniportiint,  2131. 
its  use  as  an,  2119. 
Use  of  naphthaline  as  an,  2274. 
Paris  green  as  an,  1497. 
Insecticides.  Eniulsionsof  petroleum  as,  2134. 

and  their 

value  as, 

2126,  2200. 

on  garden  insects  ,A1  wood,  W.  B. 

Tests  with,  2382. 
upon  insects  aflfecting  garden  crops. 

Experiments  with,  2344. 
Quelques  mots  sur  les,  2283. 
Two  valuable,  1743. 
Insectivorous  plants.     Food  of,  1499. 
Insects  attracted  to  light,  178,  2352. 

Bill  providing  for  the  extermination  of, 

1842. 
Birds  vg.,  199,  369. 
Bluebirds  feeding  on  pasasitic  and  preda- 

ceous,  1885. 
in  California.    Injurious,  2074. 
Califoruian  orange,  2373. 
Catalogues  and  monographs  of,  1765. 
Centennial,  1511, 1611. 
clustered  on  apple-trees,  1263. 
collecting  and  preserving,  881, 1057. 
Comstork's  classification  of,  2390. 
Damage  to  silver  plate  by,  2154. 
Death  of  mules  caused  by,  1811. 
is  directed.     How  flight  in,  1891. 
Directions  for  collecting  and  preserving, 
881. 
rearing,  14. 
and  drought,  2100. 
effects  of  severe  cold  on,  1818. 
enemies  of  fruit  and  fruit-trees.     Review 
of  Trimble's,  187. 
in  northern  Illinois.     Sis 
worst,  377. 
the  honey-bee,  1059. 
rice-plant,  1919. 
feeding  on  sap  of  black-waluut,  1195. 
in  the  flower  garden,  936.  | 

27  ENT 


Insects  as  food  for  man,  2166. 

found  on  apple-trees,  731. 
Fungus  dista»(;s  of  bonuflcial,  1813. 
Harmless,  l.'>26. 
Imported,  140. 

plant.s  and,  1.3.39. 
Improved  mt-thnd  of  spraying  trees  for 

protection  against,  2211. 
Injurious,  126. 

injurious  to  agriculture.     Legislation  in 
'     regaril      f  o, 
1168. 
New,  205.'>. 
cereals    and    forage    crops, 

2238. 
cotton  in  Ilrazil,  2277. 
field  crops,  2238. 
fruit  and  fruit  trees,  2238. 

trees,  10,31. 
garden  vegetables.  2238. 
grape-vine,   267,    1081,  lOKO, 
1091,  1102,  1118,  1127,  1130, 
11. '.8,  117.-..  1202,  1221,  1255, 
1281.  1301',  1311,  1329.  1363. 
live-stock,  2238. 
orange  in  Brazil,  2277. 
sngar-cane  iu  Brazil,  2277. 
vegetation.    Review  of  Har- 
ris's, iJOS. 
in  Illinois,  6,  ,52. 
Legislation    to 
control,  1946. 
the  vine,  2238. 
of  interest  to  fruit-growers. 
Introduction  and  spread  of  scale,  2232. 
by  malodorants.     Repelling,  2091. 
Maple-tree,  2279. 
Mind  how  you  pack  yonr,  435. 
most  destructive  to  the  orange.    Success- 
ful management  of  the,  2088. 
named,  163,  200,  316,  .358,  359,  413,  447, 463, 
490.  540,  500,  562,  582,  631.  673,  714,  721.  736, 
743,  740,  785,  789,  805,  832,  847,  849,  ><58, 
1140, 1147, 118.3,  1226.  1273, 1287. 
to  be  named,  488.  514,  598. 
in  the  National  Museum.    The  coUertion 
of,  2290. 
Report  on  the 
collect  ion  of, 
2282,    2  330, 
2368. 
and  native  American  insects.     Imported, 

1115,1127. 
Nervon-s  system  of,  222.5. 
Notes  on  our  commoner,  1802. 
on  the  oleander,  730. 
in  the  orchard.     Review  of  Houghton's, 

18-t. 
Piiokard.  A.  .S.     Larva; of  injuriona  forest, 
2207. 
Notes  on  forest,  2253. 
Number  of  segments  in 
the    head    of    winged, 
2267. 
around  peach-trees,  600. 
Pitcher-plant,  1385. 


418 


INDEX. 


Insects.     Poisoning  noxions,  205. 
Poisonous,  2399. 

Popular  remedies  for  noxious,  73. 
Preserving,  881, 1057. 
Kegulation  of  sex  in,  1415. 
in  relation  to  agriculture,  2238. 
Eeniedies  for  various,  2284. 
Retarded  development  of,  2040. 
Salt  and  vinegar  for,  937. 
Simulium  feeding  on  other,  2177. 
Some  interesting,  1232. 
Stings  of,  116. 

from  stomach  of  lark,  robin,  and  sun- 
fish,  1926. 
rook-bass,  1792. 
stripping  the  biirr-oak,  966. 
in  timber,  918. 
Trade  in,  1986. 
Transformation  of,  528. 
Unity  in  coloration  of,  50. 
Use  of  buckwheat  to  destroy,  1744. 

fungus  growths  to  destroy,  1918. 
poisons  to  destroy,  1887. 
used  as  food.    Salt-water,  2203. 
White  willow,  907. 
of  the  year,  2289,2331. 

Destructive,  2322. 
Insekten.    Einige  unserer  schadlicherer,  1325. 
Insidious  flower-bug,  1127, 1423,  2418. 
Instinct  of  Cicada  septeudecim,  2144. 
Instructions  to  agents  of  the  U.  S.  Entomological 

Commission.     Supplementary,  1888. 
Interaction  of  organisms,  139, 1954. 
Interest  felt  in  economic  entomology  in  California, 

2053. 
Interim  committees.     Ad,  394. 
Intermittance  of   phosphorescence    in   fireflies, 

1805. 
Internal  mite  in  fowls,  2157. 
Introduction  of  Phylloxera.  Laws  to  prevent  the, 

2019, 
Invigorator  again.    Best's  fruit-tree,  530. 

once  more.    Best's,  545. 
lomoth,  1329, 1389. 

caterpillar,  809. 
Iowa.  Economic  entomology  in,  2197. 
The  hopper  in,  1585. 
Osborn,  H.    Report  upon  the  insects  of  the 

season  in,  2418. 
The  seventeen-year  Cicada  in,  1737. 
Ipomsea  commutata.    Aletia  feeding,  2343. 
Ips  in  calyx  of  pear.     Banded,  1239. 
fasciatus,  4,  214, 1239. 
4-signatus  -^  I.  fasciatus. 
Isabella  tiger-moth,  1311. 
Isosoma,  2394. 

allynii,  2060,  2063. 

grande?i.s^.,  2288,  2291,  2316,  2348,  2363, 

2394. 
Habits  of.  2348. 

hordei,  563,  923, 2060, 2238,  2316, 2394. 
Larger  wheat-straw,  2291. 
lineare,  2000,  2119. 
nigrum  =  I.  hordei. 

tritici  n.  sp.,  2060,  2063,  2119,  2123,  2316, 
2363, 2394. 


Isosoma  vitis,  482, 1059, 1127. 
Wheat,  2119. 

straw,  2291,  2394. 
Ithycerusnoveboracensis,16,  306,  652, 659,  869, 1033, 

1085, 1188, 1301. 
lulus,  430. 

Cffiruleo-cinctus,  236. 

marginatus  =  Spirobolus  marginatus. 

infested  with  Gamasus  juloides, 
963. 
multistriatusn.  sjp., 193=  Cambalaannulata. 
virgatus,  261. 
Ixodes  bovis,  404. 
sp.,834. 

unipunctata.  1133. 
Jaeger's  North  American  insects,  84. 
Japanese  mode  of  packing  silk-worm  eg^ga,  1616. 
Jarring  down  infested  fruit.    Codling-moth,  1318. 
Jassida',  7.37. 
Jassus,  1766. 

sexnotatus,  1706. 
Jiggers,  412. 
Johnson,  L.    Report  on  lotton-worm,  boll-worm, 

and  other  insects,  2164. 
Joint- worm,  49,  62,  563,  923,  2238. 

Appendix  to  article  on,  1223. 
fly,  1127. 
Joint-worms,  2119,  2394. 

Notes  on,  2316. 
Joints  of  wheat.  Worni  in,  1848. 
Jones,  R.  W.    O'oservations  and  experiments  on 
cotton-worm,  2164. 
Report  on  cotton  insects,  2343. 
W.  J.     Report  on  cotton  insects,  2343. 
Joppidium  n.  g. ,  385. 

ruficeps  11.  si).,  385. 
.Journal  of  a  State  entomologist.   One  day's,  383. 
Jumping  to  conclusions,  253. 

seeds  and  galls,  1496. 2163,  2173. 
spiders,  2302. 
sumach-beetle,  1363. 
tree-cricket,  1329. 
Juniper.     Dapsilia  rutilans  on,  1713,  1721. 

web-worm,  1721. 
Junipers.     Insects  injurious  to,  1713. 
Juniperus  sabina.     Insects  injurious  to,  698. 
Junonia  lavinia,  753. 
Kansas  bombardier-beetle,  1311. 
The  locust  in,  1591. 
and  Missouri  this  fall.    No  locust  injury 

in, 1433. 
Report  on  grasshopper  question  to  the 

governor  of,  1573. 
Scorpion  in,  1119. 
Silk  culture  in,  1542. 
Kartofi^el-KJifer.    Neue,  919. 
Katydid.    Angular-winged,  1363. 

Broad- winged,  1329, 1363. 
Domesticated,  1536. 
Eggsof  the,  516,  1005. 

angular,  1518. 
oblong,  569. 
Narrow-winged,  1363. 
Oblong- winged,  1329, 1363. 
See  Catydid. 
Katydids,  1363. 


INDEX. 


419 


Eentncky.    Coleopterons  cave  faana  of,  2033. 
Kemiea  Ralliforniia  n.  #/).,  1972.  ' 

Kerosene  emulsion,  2291. 

as  a  means  against  cotton  insects,  2164. 
orange  insects,  2164. 
Kii'senwoiter.    Obituary,  1819. 
Killer.    Cottonwootl,  1664. 
Killers.     Bie,  1543. 

Killing  apple-worms  by  machinery,  769. 
Kingdom.    Animal,  393. 
Klippart's  wheat  plant  (review),  186. 
Knot  once  more.     Black,  930. 
Knots  on   apple-tree   roots   caused  by  root-lice, 

1187. 
Knotweed  geometer,  1059. 

HiEniatopis  grataria  on,  1059. 
Knowledge  useless  ?    Is  any,  1135. 
Koebele,  A.    Experiments  on    cottony    cushion-" 
scale,  2394. 
the  red  scale,  2394. 
Notes  on  locusts  about  Folsom,  Cal., 

2363. 
Report  of  experiments  against  scale 
insects,  2418. 
Koeppen,  F.  T.    Account  of  the  Hessian-fly,  2267. 
Labena.     Useful,  1423. 
Labia,  22G7. 
Lac  insects,  2119. 
Lace-wing  fly,  533, 1423. 
Lace- wing  larva,  1059. 

Weeping,  1127. 
Lachnosterna  fusca,  3,  54,  68,  300,  332,410,478,500, 
594,  640,  865,  1020,  1059, 1064, 1072, 
.  1307,    1313,    1329,   1436,  1440,  1522, 

1803,1812,2238,  2394. 
pilosicollis;^  L.  tristis. 
quercina  ^  L.  fusca. 
quercus,  372. 
tristis,  966. 
Lacbnus  caryie,  27. 

plantanicola  n.  gp.,  2138. 
8tr()bi,265,  .320,  1039. 
Lackey  moth.     American,  1301. 
Lacordaire,  J.  T.     Death  of,  1285. 
Ladder  spider,  1299. 
Lady-bird.     Ashy-gray,  2119. 
Blood-red,  2119. 
Cactus,  2119. 

Fifteen-spotted,  959, 1311. 
Icy,  1311. 

and  its  larva.    Northern,  1289. 
Spotted,  599. 
Twice-stabben,  38,  1883. 
Lady-birds,  1059, 1127,  1423, 1558,  2119. 

Swarms  of,  824. 
Lafayette,  Ind.,  Webster,  F.  M.     Experiments  at, 

2344. 
Lagoa  oiierenlaris,  145,  796, 1748. 
Lake  Sujierior.     Simulium  from,  2032. 
Lamellidbrnia,  1440. 
Lampronota,  1878. 

amphirailsena  n.  *p.,  385. 
breviventris  n.  gp.,  385. 
imitatrix  n.  *7).,:J85. 
interpillata  n.  gp.,  385. 
pictiventris  n.  gp.,  385. 


Larapyrida),  1705, 1805,  2036. 

ltovi.>4ion  of  the,  1819. 
Lampyris  noctiluca,  1097,  1917. 
Lapliria  thoracica—  Daoylli.s  thoracica. 
Laphygma  autuniualis  —  L.  fniniperda. 

fnigiperda,  1 127,  1256,  1267,  1282.  1301, 

1400.2011,2343. 
fulvosa  n.  v.,  1301  =  var.  of  L.  fiugi- 

perda. 
obscura,  ;».  v.,  1301  =  var.  of  L.  frugi- 
jterda. 
Laporte.     Obituary,  1S17. 
Lappet  caterpillars  on  the  aj)iile,  972. 

ai)iile-trfe8,  812. 
Larch.    Nematns  erichsoni  on,  2232. 

saw-fly,  2232. 
Large  Asilus  tiy,  1269. 

black  potato-beetles,  1206. 

compound  gall  on  grape-vine,  720. 

dragon-fly,  759. 

fish-fly,  712,  903. 

gray  straight-horned  snout-beetle,  1033. 

green  caterpillars  on  the  apple,  1076. 

worms  in  a  peach,  661. 
moih  on  apple-trees,  1028. 
phosphorescent  larva,  1874. 
saw-fly,  1514. 
silken  cocoon,  604. 
water-beetle,  750,  816. 
white-scale  on  Acacias,  1730. 
willow-wonn,  1380. 
worm  on  apple-trees,  1048. 
Larger  cabbage-butterfly,  2232. 

wheatstraw  I.sosoma,  2291. 
Lark.    Insect  from  stomach  of  a,  1926. 
Larva  boring  along  the  axis  of  apple  twig,  1850. 
injurious tocottoii squares.   Butterfly,  1872. 
Large  phosphorescent,  1874. 
Moth  issuing  from  a,  1779. 
LarvsB.    Aquatic,  1851. 
Habits  of,  340. 
in  the  human  bowels,  382. 
of  injurious  forest  inflects,  2267. 
named,  1264. 
Preserving,  1.300. 
in  stomach  of  black-ba.ss,  1792. 
bluebird,  1871. 
Larval  characteristics  of  Corydalus  and  Chaulio- 
des,  16.">2. 
characters  andbabits  of  blister-beelles.lOOO. 
Kpicauta.  1600. 
Macrobadis,  1600. 
habits  of  hee-Hies.     Bombylida-,  1947, 1970. 
Dexida-,  2260. 

K]iicauta  and  Henous,  1387. 
Sjihenopbori    that  attack   corn, 
2030. 
life    as   influenced    by   fi>od.    Number  of 

raolLs  and  length  of,  21tf7. 
stages  and  habits  of  bee-fly.     Hirmonuura, 
2109. 
Larviform  females  in  tbePhengodioi.    LuDiinoiu, 

2397,  2402. 
Lasius  latipes,  27. 
Lasiodernia  serricorne,  551. 
Lasioptera  vitis,  720, 1329. 


420 


INDEX. 


Law.   Carrying  out  the,  1993. 

Lawn.    Beetles  swarming  aboat,  718. 

Laws  to  prevent  the  introduction  of  Phylloxera, 

2019. 
Leaf-beetle.    Streaked  cottonwood,  2291. 
bug.     Ash  gray,  1127, 1423. 
bugs,  400. 
crnmpler.   Apple,  574, 1580. 

in  Georgia.    Kascal,  1962. 
Rascal,  341,  373, 1311. 
folder.    Cranberry,  2291. 

Grape,  1301, 1579. 
galls  and  caterpillar.^  on  sugar  berry,  762. 

on  the  grape-vine,  1716. 
hopper,  36. 

injurious  to  small  grains.    A  new, 
1767. 
hoppers,  2362. 

on  celery,  452. 
of  the  grape,  399. 
Grape-vine,  484. 
injuring  wheat,  1766. 
miner  on  white-oak,  1879. 
miners  of  the  locust,  451. 
roller.    Strawberry,  1574. 
rollers.    Descriptions  of  new,  1969. 
tyer.    The  green,  1311. 
Leafy  oak-gall,  774. 
Leather-beetle,  2363. 
Lebia  crandis,  365, 1218. 

Great,  1301. 
Lecanium,  1. 

acericola  n.«p.,  389=  Pnlvinaria  innu- 

merabilis. 
maclurffl  n..«p.,  389  =  Pnlvinaria  innn- 

mernbilis. 
oleae,  1303. 
rossB  =  L.  olese. 
sp.  on  blackberry,  117. 
china-tree,  1964. 
magnolia,  1377. 
plum,  107. 
sugar-maple,  1004. 
vitis  =  Pulvinaria  vitis. 
Leconte,  J.  L.    Death  of,  2246. 

Tribute  to  the  memory  of,  2264. 
Leconte's  pine-worm,  1570. 
Lederer,  J.    Death  of,  1285. 
LeDuc,  W.G.     Letter  to,  1684 
Legged  maple-borer,  1363. 

Legislation  to  control  insects  injurious  to  vege- 
tation, 1946. 
in  regard  to  insects  injurious  to  agri- 
culture, 1468. 
Lematrilineata,  119, 126, 135, 136,  138,  185,  401,565, 

925, 1059, 1328, 1558, 1593. 
Length  of  larval  life  as  influenced  by  food.    Num- 
ber of  molts  and,  2167. 
the  thread  of  the  silk-worm,  1359. 
Leopard  moth.    Great,  1311. 
Lepidium  vs.  bed-bugs,  1741. 
Lepidoptera,  1329,  2267,  2340. 

Hudson  Bay,  1985. 

Migrations  of,  1770. 

New  lists  of  North  American,  2132. 

Notes  on  South  American,  1784. 


Lepidoptera  of  the  Outer  Hebrides,  2058. 
Lepidopterological  notes,  1999, 2013,  2160. 
Lepidiipteron.  A  myrmeco])hik>us,  2214. 
Lepidopterous  case-bearer.  260. 

larviP.    Dried  leaves  as  food  for, 
2159. 
Fleas  feeding  on,  2110. 
Remarkable,  40. 
Lepidosaphidai,  1301. 
Lepiopomus  pallidus.     Insects  from  the  stomach 

of,  1792. 
Leptobatus   illinoiensis    n.  gp.,   385  =  ExetSistes 

illinoiensis. 
Leptostylus  aculiferus,  673. 
Leptura  capitata,  200. 

Leptus   americanus  n.   sp.,  1326  =  Tetranyclius 
americanus. 
irritans  n.  sp.,  1326  =  Tetrauychus  irri- 
tans. 
Lesser  apple-leaf  folder,  1311. 

locust,  2363.  , 

migratory  locust,  2232. 
pine-borer,  2267. 
Prionus,  2267. 
Lestes  iUtPriualis  7i.  sp. ,2i. 
Leucania  albilinea,  1507, 1570, 1610. 

unipuncta,  6,  7,  8,  9,  10,  11, 12, 17,  52,  328, 
647,  670,  879,  906, 1127, 1267, 
1282,  1100,  1442,  1482, 1484, 
1551,  1570,  1670,  1800,  1835, 
1856,  1877,  1885,  1886,  1953, 
2001,  2009,  2086,  2087,  20G0, 
2119,  2122,  2235,  2239,  2253, 
2262,  2267,  2343. 
Additional  notes  on,  2001. 
Complete  life-history  of,  1670. 
Hibernation,  7,  8,  2086. 
Parasites  of.  6, 10, 17, 1670. 
Leucopis,  154, 160, 174, 1530. 
Phylloxera,  2150. 
LibelluUd*,  1707, 1709. 
Library  pest.     Croton  bug  as  a,  1717. 
Lice  on  calves,  889. 
horses,  258. 
pigs,  900. 
snow-balls,  1184. 
Lichtenstem,  J.    Obituary,  2370. 
Lichtensteiu's  theory  as  to  dimorphic  asexual  fe- 
males, 2072. 
Life.    Tenacity  of,  1755. 
Light.    Insects  attracted  to,  178,  2352. 
Lightning-hopper.    Frosted,  1329. 

hoppers,  737. 
Lignified  snake  of  Brazil,  2136. 
Lignivorous.    Rhyssa  not,  2286. 
Ligyrus  relictus,  3,  54,  68, 1440. 

rugiceps,  1794,  2080. 
Lilac-borer,  8t4. 

Lilac.    Insects  affecting.  ^ 

.a^geria  8yringa;  =  Podosesia  syringae. 
Podosesia  syringiE,  844. 
Limacodes,  847. 1150. 

hyalinus  n.  «/>.,  40  =  Phobetron  hyali- 

num. 
pithecium  ^  Phobetron  pithecium. 
scapha,  40. 


INDEX. 


421 


Limacodos  tetradact.vliis  n.ftp.,  40. 
Linieuitis  di.sippiis,  613,  1193,  I'JIT,  1301, 1305, 1300, 
KUO. 
HI  sula,  145, 1217, 1305, 1306, 1340. 
Limnoria  liigitiva.  413, 1311. 
lophvri  n.gp.,  1570. 
pallipes,  2378. 
Litunupliihis,  2267. 
Lina  Ia])poDica,  1834. 
populi,  1834. 
scripta,  1654, 1834, 2291. 
tremulip,  1834. 
Linden  and  ash  destroyers,  1849. 
LiM>EN.    Insects  AFFECTING. 
Hypbantria  cunea,  1849. 

textor=H.  cauea. 
Odontota  rubra,  1849. 
Linoceras  juuceus,  543,  1827. 
L'insectologie  agricole,  (review),  506,  568. 
Liutner's  first  report,  2244,  2254. 
Linuni.    Acrididae  that  eat,  1645. 
Lissiiihoptrus  simplex,  273,  1911,  1973,  2119. 
LiHtoii'ophos  cingulatus,  805. 
Lithocolletis  cincinnatiella,  1879. 

guttifinitella.    Mandible  of,  1934. 
Liihophane  antennata,  1182. 

cinerea,  1301. 
Little  Cicada,  1242. 

known  facts  about  well-known  animals,  2071 . 
Turk  and  its  crescent,  329. 
Live-stock.    Insects  injurious  to,  2238. 
•Lives.    Two  useful,  2370. 
Lixus.    Larval  habits  of,  2404. 
macer,  2404. 

parens  on  Amelanchier,  2404. 
Lobesia  botrana  =  Eudemis  botrana. 
Loco  weed.    "Walshia  amorphelia  bred  from,  1127, 

2356. 
Locomotion.    Insect,  1955. 
Locust,  2366. 

Ashcolored,  2363. 

Atlantic  migratory,  1423,  1625. 

borer,  921,  1121,  1196,  1288. 

Hickory  vs.,  1516. 
borers,  37,  472. 

Brnner,  L.     Observations  in  the  North- 
west on  the  Rocky  Moant- 
ain,  2165. 
California  migratory,  2363. 
Califomian,  1959. 
Devastating,  2363. 
Diflferential,  1423,  2363. 
eg^B,  1548. 

in  Asia  Minor.    Bombylid  larvse 

destroying,  2118. 
Condition  of,  1507. 
Experiments  with,  1572. 
Expected  advent  of  the,  2307. 
experience,  1617. 
flights,  1590. 

in  Dakota.  2007. 

east  of  the  Mississippi,  1549, 1613. 
Geographical  distribution  of  the  Rocky 

Mountain,  2267. 
or  grasshopper.    Governors  of  'W'estem 
States  on  the  Rocky 
Mountain,  1557. 


Locust,  important    uh.tervatinnH    un    lln<    liorky 
Mountain,  1.571. 
injuries.    New  method  of  connteracting, 
2335. 

injnry  in  Kansaa  and  Missouri  this  full, 
1433. 
the  near  future.     Probabilities 
of.  2355. 
injury  next  spring,  1555. 

summer.    Anticipated,  1615. 
Locust.    I.nsect.s  affec^tino. 

Arhopalus  robinia^  =Cyllenp  robiniie. 

Cossus  robiniaj,  37,  1121. 

Clytus  robiniai  =  Cylleno  rohiniic. 

Cyllene    robiniae,  37,  472,  827,  921,  1196,  1250, 

1288, 1516. 
Hispa  scutellaris  =  Odontota  dorsalis. 
Nitidulida-,  37. 
Odontota  dorsalis,  451. 
Spermopliagu.s  robmia;,  1026, 1474. 
Xyleutes  robinia;  ^  Co.ssus  robinisB. 
Locust  invasion  with  the  occurrence  of  drought. 
Connection  of,  1422. 
Leaf  miners  of  the,  451. 
Lectare  on  the  Rocky  Mountain,  1493. 
Lesser  migratory,  2232.  2363. 
mite,  1423, 1625,  1643,  1959, 
in  Montana  in  1880,  Brnner,  L.     Rocky 

Mountain,  2267. 
multiplication    and    migration,    Swiuton, 
A.  H.     Solar  physics  and  earthquake 
commotion  applied  to,  2267. 
Natural  history  of  the  Rocky  Mountain, 

1578. 
notes.    Miscellaneous,  2267. 
in  1876,  1521. 

1880,  Martin,  J.     Rocky  Mountain,  2267. 
1885,  Bruner,    L.      Abundance  of   the 
Rocky  Mountain,  2363. 
and  other  insects  in  the  Northwest  during 
the  summer  of  18>*3,  Bruner,  L.    Obser- 
vations on  the  Rocky  Mountain,  2277. 
Packard,  A.  S.     Development  of  the,  2267. 
The  periodical  Cicada  alia.-4  the  Heventoen- 

year  and  the  thirteen-year,  1159. 
pest,  1.501. 
Philosojjhy    of  the   movements    of    the 

Rocky  Mountain,  1669. 
plague,  147.3. 

in  the  United  States,  1625. 
probabilities  for  1882,2057. 
prospects,  1527, 1502,  l.')82. 

in  siiuthwest  Mis.souri  this  fall, 
1590. 
ravages  in  (.'alifornia,  1059. 

1880  and  1881.    Chronology  of, 
2267. 
Red-legged,  2.303, 1423, 1625. 
report  to  governor  of  Kansas,  1573. 
Rocky  Mountain,  142.1, 1451,  14.'i2, 1482,  1538. 

1557,  1.'.70,  1025,  1(M:i,  1959.  2267,  2291. 
scourge.     Kocky  Mnuntnin,  1629. 
Bced-weevil.     Honey,  1026. 
Seventeen  year,  370,  884, 1489. 
swarms  that  devastate  the  trans-Missis- 

sippi  country,  1674. 
theory  wanted.    New,  1532. 


422 


INDEX. 


Locust.    Two-striped,  1423, 2363. 
weevil.    Honey,  1474. 
in  Wyoming,  Montana,  etc.,  in  1881,  Bru- 

ner,  L.     The  Eocky  Mountain,  2267. 
Yellow,  2363. 
LoeustidcB,  929, 1453 
Locusts,  926, 1349, 1363,  2418. 
again,  1550. 
Brimer,  L.     List   of  North  American, 

2267. 
Changes  in  vegetation  caused  by,  1495. 
in  Dardanelles.     Sarcophaga  lineata  de- 
structive to,  2075. 
Destruction  of  young  or  unfledged,  1577. 
Destructive,  2363. 
Dimorphism  of,  1889. 
Ditching  for  young,  1488. 
eat  the  castor-bean,  1645. 
about  Folsom,  Cal.,  Koebele,  A.    Notes 

on,  2363. 
as  food  for  man,  1481. 
Grasshoppers  and,  26, 147,  929. 
Habits  of  young  or  unfledged,  1578. 
hatching?    Are  the,  1566. 

Mistaken  identity.    Are  the, 
1593. 
How  to  destroy,  1446. 
in  Illinois.    Plying,  1437, 1443. 
in  Kansas,  1591. 
Literature  of  destructive,  1959. 
and  locusts,  1994. 
in  Nevada,  2024. 

New  remedy  against  destructive,  2328. 
next  spring.    Injury  by,  1555. 
Notes  on,  1456. 

1880.    Chipman,  A.  J.    Notes  on,  2267. 
Prairie  fires  and  hateful, ■1453. 
Professor  Riley  and  the,  1434.. 
of  San  Joaquin  Valley,  Cal.    Coquillett, 

D.  -W.    Report  on  the,  2363. 
sting  ?    Do,  371. 
in  Texas  in  spring  of  1886,  Bruner,  L. 

Report  on,  2382. 
in  the  West,  2044. 
and    the  Western    cricket,    Bruner,   L. 

Notes  on  other,  2267. 
in  western  Missouri.    Ravages  of  young, 
1492. 
Loew,  H.     Description  of  the  rye  gall-gnat,  2267. 
Lombardy  poplars.    Caterpillars  on,  571. 
London  purple  as  an  insecticide,  1725. 
and  Paris  green,  2021. 
Long-horned  Diabrotica,  1905. 
legs.    Grand-daddy,  838. 
sting.    Delicate,  1329. 
tailed  Ophion,  1311. 
Longicorn  beetles.    Food  of,  1902. 

borers,  95. 
Longicorns  in  pine  and  cedar,  319." 
Longitarsus,  636. 

Look  out  for  the  eggs  of  the  apple-tree  plant- 
louse,  507. 
Lopha  4-maculata-=Bembidiura  4-raaculatam. 
Lophyrus  abbotli,  465,  927,  956, 1057, 1570. 
abietis,  115. 
lecontei,  985, 1011, 1057, 1570. 


Louisiana.    Destructive  cricket  in,  2384. 
Lozotaenia  rosaceana  ===  Cacoecia  rosaceana. 
Lubber  grasshopper,  2119. 
Lucanus  dama,  784. 

elaphus,  305, 755, 957, 1517. 
Lucidota  atra,  358. 

Lucilia  macellaria,  209, 1880, 1921, 2158,  2199, 2256. 
Ludius  attennatns,  224. 
Lumbricus,  1304. 
Luminosity  of  flre-flie.s,  1840. 
Luminous  larviform  females  of  Phengodini,  2397, 

2402. 
Luna  moth,  776. 

silk-worm,  1311. 
Lnngs.    Larva  of  Scenopinus  from  human,  1348. 
Lnpems  brunneus,  1799. 
morulus,  1799. 
noxiu.s  =  L.  brunneus. 
Lure  for  moths,  1695. 
Lyda  sp.,  656. 
Lydella  doryphorae  n.gp.,  1059  :=  Exorista  dory- 

phorae. 
Lygus  lineolaris  =  L.  prdtensis. 

pratensis.  2,  31, 76,  682, 1127, 1213, 1219,  2235, 
2291,  2363. 
Ljraexylidae,  575. 
Lymexylon  navale,  575, 1135. 
Lytta  senea  =r  Pomphoprea  aenea. 

atrata  =  Epicauta  pennsylvanica. 
cinerea  =  Macrobasis  unicolor. 
fabricii  =  Macrobasis  unicolor. 
marginata  =  Epicauta  cinerea. 
murina:=  Macrobasis  unicolor. 
sayi  =  Pomphopcea  sayi. 
tarsalis  =  Pomphopcfea  tarsalis. 
vittata  =  Epicauta  vittata. 
Machine.     A  satisfactory  grasshopper,  1592, 
Machinery  for  destroying  the  cotton-worm,  Bar- 
nard, W.  S.    Tests  of,  2253. 
Killing  apple- worms  by,  769. 
McLain,  N.  W.     Apicultural  experiments,  2382. 
Experiments  in  apiculture,  2394. 
Report    on    experiments  in  api- 
culture, 2363. 
Madura  aurantiaca  as  food  for  Sericaria,  2234. 

Silk-worms  fed  on,  1341,  1542, 
1609. 
McMurtrie,  W.    Tests  of  silk-fiber  from  cocoons 

raised  at  the  Department,  2253. 
Macrobasis,  1600, 1643, 1651,  2238. 

albida,  1796. 
Macrobasis,  Larval  characters  and  habits,  1602. 
murtna  ;=  M.  unicolor. 
•jnicolor,  38,  134,  185,  347,  362,  401,  470, 
736,  912, 1044, 1209, 1558,  2248. 
Macrocentrus  delicatus,  1334. 
Macrodactylus  subspinosus,  249,  361,  373,  565,  748, 

1075,  1278,  1329,  1357,  1375,  1478,  1583,2248. 
Macrogomphus  ?  spiniceps  n.  sp.,  24. 
Macromia  flavipennis  n.  sj).,  24. 
illinoiensis  n.  sp.,  24. 
Macronema  zebratum,  372. 
Macrosila  Carolina  =  Protoparce  Carolina, 
cluentiu.s  1784. 

5-maculatus  =  Protoparce  celeus. 
rustica  =  Protoparce  rustlca. 


INDEX. 


423 


Mad.    Entomology  indeed  run,  227, 1224. 
Madarus  aiiipclopsido.s  -=  Aiupclo^ilvpter  ater. 

vitis  n.sp.,  1059  =  Ainpeloplypter  sesOH- 
tris. 
Madr.as.     Coffee-borer  in,  498. 
Miieklin,  F.  "W."    Obituary,  2161. 
Miig<;ots  in  sauce,  1607. 
Miiguolia.     Lecauiuni  ou,  1377. 

Scale-insect  on,  1377. 
Maia  moth,  1329. 
Mails.    Queen  bees  in  tbe,  1762. 
Maine.     Xew  potato-bug  in,  119. 
Maizk.    Insects  akfectinc.,2119. 
Athatodea  zeiB,  1927, 
Agrotida?,  1522. 
Elateridiie,  1522. 
Lachnosterua  fusca,  1522. 

querciua  =r  L.  fusca. 
Malaria.     Mosquitoes  r«.,  2162. 
ilallodon  melanopus,  2291. 
Mallopbaga,  2,-)8,  497. 
Mallopboraorcina,  1959. 
ilalodorants.     Repelliui:  insects  by,  2091. 
Malva  sylvestris.    Eryaui.s  alceas  boring  in  stems 

of,  1602. 
Mamestra,  22.'58. 

Cabbage,  2232. 
chenopodi  =  M.  trifolii. 
picta,  179, 1056, 1127,  2232. 
subjuncta,  2291. 
trifolii,  229,  281,  2232. 
Man.    Effect  of  Paris  green  on,  1427. 
Insects  as  food  for,  2166. 
Locusts  as  food  for,  1481. 
Mantidae,  2267. 
Mantis,  2267. 

Carolina  =  Phasmomantis  Carolina. 
Preying,  457. 

or  rear-horse.    Eggs  of,  1060. 
Supposed  eggs  of  preying,  1002. 
Mantispa,  2267. 

brunnea,  1243. 
Mauti.spiau.     Brown,  1243. 
.Many  banded  robber,  10.')9, 1423. 
Maple-bark  lice,  1004. 
louse,  344. 
Beetle  on  sugar,  1014. 
borer.    Legged,  1363. 

A  new  (?)  a'gerian,  1360. 
Eggs  on  sugar,  350 
Maple  Galls  on  leaves  of  soft,  445. 
Maii.e.    Insects  akfectixc 
A  earns  aceris-cruniena,  126.'). 
Acronycta  americana,  841. 
iEgeria  acerni,  743, 1063, 1360, 1363. 
Anisotarubicnnda  =  Dryocampa  rubicnnda. 
Arachnid,  445. 
Attacns  cecropia,  841. 
Catydid,  665. 

Ceratocampa  imperialis  =r  Eaclex  imperialis. 
Chry8obothri.<<  femorata,  1250. 
Clisiocampa  americana.  350. 
Clytas  speciosns  =  Plagiouotus  speciosns. 
Coccid,  344. 

Dryocampa  rubicnnda.  841,  915, 1329. 
Eacles  imperialis.  1268. 


MaPI.E.     IX8ECT3  At  TKCTINO— CoDtiniiefl. 
Eburia4-gtmiuata,  1014. 

Lecanium  a<;ericola:=  Pulviuaria   inuumero- 
bilis. 
sp.,  1004. 
Orgyia  anticjua,  1797. 
Plagionotus  NpeciuMus,  915. 
Pseudococ.us  accris,  1890. 
Pulvinaria  inuumcrabilii^.  151."i,  1810,  2279. 
•       Rciaraocollaii.M,  2119. 
Telea  i)olypliciuus,  841. 
Trochilium  acericoliim  =  vEgeria  acemi. 
aoerni  =  /Egeria  acemi. 
Maple.     Mite-gall  on  sugar,  12C.'>. 

Ocellale  leaf-gall  of  the  red,  2119. 
scale.     Cottony.  1816,  2291. 
Scale  insect  ou,  1890. 
tree  iusect.s,  2279. 
twigs.     Rows  of  eggs  on,  665. 
•worm.    Green  striped.  1329. 
worms,  841. 
Maples.     Cottony  scale  on,  1515. 

Flat-headed  borer  in  .soft,  1250. 
Mare's  nest.    Finding  a,  80. 
Margined  blister-beetle,  1059,  15.W. 
Martin,  J.    Report  on   the  Rocky  Mountain   lo- 
cust, 1959. 
Report  on  the  Rocky  Mountain   lo- 
cust in  1880,  2267. 
Mary  Chalcis-fly.  13U. 
Masicera  archippivora  n.  sp.,  1301. 
Mason-bee  cells.     Remarkable  new  genus  of  Me- 

loid;u  infesting,  1601. 
Mass  of  eggs,  240. 

mistakes,  234. 
Massachusetts.     Periodical  Cicada  in,  2321. 

southeast- 
ern.2216. 
Massospora  cicadina  infesting  Cicada,  1809,  2112. 
May-beetle,  300,  865,  1020. 

Egg  of  thii  common,  1329. 
beetles  8 warmmg  in  Alabama.  1812. 
fly.  283. 
Meadow  enemy,  1368. 

lark.    Rei-tlcs  iu  slomaoh  of,  1013. 
worms,  947. 
Meal  sack.    Worm  infesting,  1896. 

worms,  191. 
Mealy  bugs.     Structuie  of,  2119. 
Measuring-worms,  75. 
Megastizus  brt'viiieuiiis,  375. 
Megathymus  coloradcnsi.s  n.  var.,  1C02. 

yucca".  1420,  146.5.  1482,  1570, 1602. 
Adilitional  notes,  1602. 
Xoto  on,  140.'i. 
Megatoma  serra,  1352. 
Megilla  maculata,  6,  94. 188, 509. 

Food  habild  of,  2145. 
Melamp.salta  parvula.  1242. 
Melancholy  chafer,  522. 

in  apples,  842. 
Melanacte.^,  1874. 
Melanippe  montannta,  2224. 
Melanolestes  picipes,  314, 1263. 
!Mclanopliila  sp.,  2207. 
Melauoiihora .'  diabroticas,  2260. 


424 


INDEX. 


Melanoplna  atlauis  =Caloptenus  atlanis. 

destructor  --  Caloptenus  destructor, 
devastator  =r  Caloptenas  devastator. 
Melanotus  communis,  351,  358. 

incertus,  40,  816. 
Melasoma  lappouicum  =  Lina  lapponica. 
populi  =:  Lina  populi. 
scriptum  =  Lina  scripta. 
tremula'  =  Lina  tremulae. 
Meli.ssopus  71.  gr.,  196U. 

auricbalceana  n.  sp.,  1969 
latiferreana,  1969. 
Melittia  ceto,  125, 126,  248,  377, 1083. 

gloriosa  2410. 
Meloe,  1500, 1600,  2267. 

anguaticollis,  1387. 
barbarus,  1000. 
proscarabfeus,  2083. 
Meloida",  912, 1230, 1396, 1600,  1601,  1651,  1858,  2002, 
2072,2118,2267. 
Fire  euro  for,  121. 
H\permetaiiiorphoses  of,  2191. 
infesting  potato,  48. 
Means  against,  794. 
Remarkable  genus  of,  1601. 
Eeniarks  on,  1600. 
Triungulin  of,  2082. 
Meloini,  1601. 

Melolontba  pbilophaga  —  Lachnostema  fusca. 
Melon.    Bug  on,  897. 

bugs.    Satisfactory  remedy  for,  2236. 
Diabrotica  vittata  on,  897,  2236,  2238. 
Membiacida;,  737. 
Membracis  ampelopsidis,  1183. 
Memnriam  B.  D.  Walsh.     In,  1098. 
Meracautha  contracta,  1871. 
Merinus  liEvis,  1153. 
Merisus  destructor,  1581,  2332. 

snbapterus  n.  sp.,  2332. 
Mermis,  2363. 
Meromyza,  1461. 

americana,  727,  1058,  1059,  1506,  1589, 
1848',  1875,  2291,  2394. 
Mesocborns.     Glassy,  1127. 

vitreus  n.  sp.,  6, 1670. 
Mesoleius,  385. 
Metamymar  n.  g.,  2343. 

aleurodis  n.  sp.,  2343. 
Metapodiua  femoratus,  373,  77.'). 

nasulus  =  M.  femoratus. 
Meteorus  hyphantriaj  ii.  sp.,  2378,  2394. 
Methods  of  destroying  scale-insects,  2119. 
Mexican  boney-ants.    Peculiarities  of,  1417. 
Mexico.     Report  on  cotton  crop  and  its  enemies 

in,  2343. 
Mezium  americannm,  2346. 
Michigan  apples  and  codling-moth,  1677. 
Microcentrum  retinervis,  241,  247,  1363, 1518, 1536, 

2276. 
Microdon  gobosus,  1789. 

Microgaster,  77,  158,  183,490,662,679,717,851,1217, 
1290. 
Disippu.s,  1301. 
gelechiiB  n.  sp.,  1059. 
Life-habits  of,  64. 

limenitidis  n.  sp.,  1301  =  Apanteles 
limenitidis. 


Microgaster,  Military,  1127. 

Nc/j;es  on  Noith  American,  1960. 
parasitic  on  Protoparce  celeus,  155, 

1264. 
sp.  parasitic  on  Thecla  (poes?),  1872. 
Microgasters.    Notes  on,  2097. 
Microlepidoptera.     Works  on  North  American, 

1975. 
Microplitis  actuosus,  1125, 1134. 

ceratomiiB  ?i.  sp.,  1125,  1134,1960. 
gortynffi  n.  sp.,  1960. 
Micropterus  salmoides.    Larvae  in    stomach  of, 

1792. 
Micropiis  leucopterus  =  Bllssus  leucopterus. 
Midas  fulvipes  n.  sp.,  40. 
Midge,  167. 

Clover-seed,  2291. 
Pear,  2363. 

Wheat,  109,  110,  142,  216,  280,  292,428,711, 
1512,  2238,  2291,  2363. 
Migration  of  butterflies,  1770, 1991. 

and  hibernation  of  Aletia  argillacea. 

1689. 
of  plant-lice  from  one  plant  to  another, 
2017. 
Migratory  butterflies,  1622, 1635. 
locust.    Atlantic,  1423. 
Lesser,  2232. 
Military  Microgaster,  1127. 
Milkweed.    Danais  archippus  on,  1535. 

weevil,  711. 
Million  dollars.    That  hundred  and  fifty,  16t7. 

Plums  for  the,  501. 
Mills.    The  same  in  flouring  1261. 
Milyas  cinctus,  777, 1294, 1431, 1450,  1672,  2048. 
Mimicry  and  protective  resemblances,  1301, 1340. 
Mind  how  you  pack  your  insects,  435. 
Minings  on  apple-twigs.    Galls  and,  552. 
Minneapolis.     Entomology  at,  2212. 
Minnesot't.     A  State  entomologist  for,  1108. 
Minot,  C.  S.     Anatomy  of  Aletia,  2343. 
Minute  borers  in  cherry,  peach,  and  plum  tr.es, 

1940. 
Miscellaneous,  735. 

Miscellaneous  notes  on  orange  insects,  2164. 
Misnamed  gallmoth,  1127. 

Mississippi  country.    The  locust  swarms    that 
devastate      the     trans, 
1674. 
Description  of  Aphididaj  from  west 

of  the,  1678. 
floods.     One  effect  of  the,  2080. 
Locust    flights     east    of    the,     1549, 

1613. 
valley.     The  Buffalo-gnat  problem  in 
the  lower,  2416. 
Missouri.     Ailanthus  silk. worm  in,  1460. 
bee-killer,  1127. 
entomological  reports,  1680. 

NoctuidaB      in 
the,  2069. 
Entomology  in,  1361. 
this  fall.     Locust  prospects  in  south- 
west, 1506. 
No  locust  injury  in  Kansas 
and,  1433. 
Mnrtfeldt,  M.  E.    Notes  from,  2291. 


INDEX. 


425 


Missouri.     Miirtfoldt.  M.  E.     Notes  for  1886  from, 
2382. 
Oyster-slipU  bark-louso  in,  1109. 
Kiiv.i'jfs  of  younj;  locusts  iu  westeru, 

1492. 
Report  State  entomologist  of,  1, 1059. 
2, 1127. 
3, 1301. 
4,1311. 
6, 1329. 
6, 1363. 
7, 1423. 
8, 1482. 
9, 1570. 
Index, 
2026. 
State  Horticultural  Society.    Report 
committee  on  eutomology,  1113,1127. 
Supposed  bark-lice  esgs  in,  1084. 
Mistaken  identity,  1593. 
Mistakes.    A  mass  of,  234. 

Mite.     On   an  extensile  penetrating  organ  in  a 
gamasid,  1626. 
in  fowls.     Internal,  2157. 
gall  on  sugar-maple,  1265. 
Locust,  1423,  1625, 1643,  19.59. 
parasites  of   the  Colorado  potato-beetle, 

1505. 
Phylloxera,  1363. 
lied,  1959. 
Scarlet,  1470. 
Silky,  1423,  1625. 
transformations,  1618. 
Mites,  350. 

Cannibal,  624. 
Classification  of,  1992. 
Descriptions  of  new  subterranean,  1370. 
Egg-infesting,  1637. 
on  grasshoppers,  146. 
mistaken  ior  plant-lice,  59. 
parasitic  on  beetles,  315. 
Transformations  of  the  red,  1632. 
Mniszech,  O.  V.     Obituary,  2054. 
Mold  and  Phylloxera,  1807. 
Mole  crickets,  1270. 
Molts  and  length  of  larval  life  as  influenced  by 

food.     Number  of,  2167. 
Moncll,  J.     Notes  on  Aphidida;,  1678. 
Monocesta  coryli,  1721. 
Monocrepidius  vcspertinu.s,  351. 
Monographs  again,  1765, 1828. 
Monohammus  titillator,  1324. 
Monophadnus  rubi,  663,  761, 1212, 1641. 
Monostesia  rosa-,  672,  984,  1780. 
^lonstrosities.     Rare,  2224. 

Montana  in  1880,  Bruner,  L.     The  Rocky  Moun- 
tain locust  in,  2207. 
1881,  Bruner,  L.     The  Rocky  Moun- 
tain locust  in  Wyoming  and,  ^267. 
Monterey  again.     Butterfly-tree  of,  2052. 
More  good  words,  532. 

universal  remedies,  278. 
Morning-glory.    Coptocycla  aurichalcea  on,  1510. 
Sphinx.  White-lined. 630, 1198, 1301,  2291. 
Morns  as  food  for  Seriearia,  2234. 
Mosquitoes,  603. 

vs.  malaria,  2162. 


Mossy  rose-gall,  570, 1166. 
Most  precious  bug,  575. 
Moth  i>M  apiileticc.     Large,  1028. 
Bee,  716,  904, 1059, 1508, 1723. 
breeding.     Pedigree,  2381. 
eggs.  611. 
Handmaid,  2222. 
issuing  from  a  larva,  1779. 
named,  807, 1241. 
Viviparity  of  a,  2153. 
Motherless  race.     Tliat  fatherless  and,  1650. 
Moths  attracted  by  falling  water,  21(t8. 

and  butterflies' caught  by  the  tongue,  176L 

caught  in  Alabama,  1774. 

in  cushions.     Ravages  of,  1731. 

Description.'?  of  two  new,  1411. 

Galls  made  by,  1127. 

Lure  for,  109.'). 

mistaken  for  Aletia,  1976. 

by  Pliysianthus  albens.    Capture  of,  1388, 

1419,  1701. 
Sugaring  for,  1300. 
Mottled  tortoise-beetle,  1127. 
Monltmg  in  Orgyia.    Variable,  2379. 
Mounding  peach-trees,  587. 

again,  617, 653. 
Mountain  ash.     Ash  and,  705. 
Mountain  ash.    I.nsects  affectixg. 
?  Aphis  niali,  579. 

Aspidiotus  harrisii  =  Chionaspis  furfurus. 
Chionaspis  furfurus,  579. 
Mountain  ash.    Plant-louse  eggs  on  appleand,  579. 
Mud-wasp  and  j)arasite8, 1827. 

spider  eggnest,  1847. 
Mulberry,     Seriearia  mori  on,  1311, 1341,  2234. 
silk-worm,  1311. 

Osage  orange  for  the.  1220, 
1286. 
for  the  silk-worm.     Osage  oraof^e  vi., 
2234. 
Mulch  hay.     Worni.s  under,  1161. 
Mules  caused  by  insects.     Death  of,  1811. 
Murgantia  histriouica,  849,  1099,  1297,  1311,  1531, 

2238,  2203,  2291. 
Murky  ground-beetle,  486. 
Murraid  us.     Habits  of,  2217. 
Murniidiu.s  ovalis,  2217. 
Murtfeldt,  M.  E.   NoUs from  Missouri, 2291. 

for  the  8«a- 
son      of 
1886,2382. 
Musca,  1390. 

domeslica,  SI.".,  864,  2071, 2078. 
harpyia  —  M.  domestica. 
Muscid,  459. 

from  stomach  of  Ohio  shad,  1853. 
Muscida-.  153.  1880.  22.^.6. 
Muscle  .shajied  batklnusi'  on   apple-trees  South. 

1774. 
Museum  pest.     Diiioderus  pusillus  as  a, 2104. 
A  nfew,  2109. 
once  more.  492. 

Trogodemin  tarsal)-  a.s  a,  2139. 
ppsts,  246,  462.  .572,  720. 
again.  48.'!. 
Mutilla  coccinea—  Spha-rophlhalma  ocridentalis. 
Mycetopbila  persicn*  n.  $p.,  653,  660,  963, 1056. 


426 


INDEX. 


Mycetophila  sp.,  419. 

Mychoceius,  2217. 

Mygale  hentzii,  4G6,  493, 521,  823, 1178. 

and  Pepsi.s  forsiosa,  1619. 
Myocbrous  denticollis,  2418. 
Myiiapoda,  219,  224. 

Poisonous,  2399. 
Myriapods,  1G25. 
Myrmecocystus  hortusdeorum,  1942. 

mexicanus,  1417. 
Myrmecopliila,  2202. 
Myrmecophilous  coleoptera,  2105. 
lepidoptera,  2214. 
species.    Hymenorus  rufipes  as 
a,  2226. 
Myrmica  minuta,  1413. 
Myrmicocela  ochracella,  2261. 
Mysia  15-punctata  ^  Anatis  15-punctata. 
Mystery.    Dr.  Havens',  1943, 

in  reference  to  Pronuba   yuccasella, 
1933. 
Mytilaspis,  1. 

concbiformis  =  M.  pomorum. 
pomieorticis  n.  sp.,  1329  =  M.   pomo- 
rum. 
pomorum,  188,  201,  345,  372,  373, 377,423, 
565,  896,  944,  951,  973,  982,  989,  994, 
1007,  1(108,  1012,  1040, 1056, 1059, 1084, 
11C9,  124ti,  1029,  1302, 1397, 1552, 1583, 
1774,  2088.  2238. 
M.v  ZU9  cerasi,  G78,  900, 1067, 1207, 1251. 

ribis,  304,  322,  735,  970. 
Nail.<<  into  fruit-trees.     Driving,  87. 
Nanodes  tamarisci,  1496. 
Kantucket.     Pine-molb  of,  2183. 
Xapbtbaline  cones,  2133. 

for  insect  collections,  2073. 
as  an  insecticide.    Use  of,  2274. 
Napping.    An  entomologist  caugbt,  1100. 
Narrow-winged  katydid,  1363. 
National  Museum.    Tbe  collection  of  insects  in, 
2299, 2390. 
Keports  on  tbe  department 
of  insects  in  tbe,  2282,  2330, 
2368. 
Native   American    insects.    Imported  and,  1115, 
1127. 
apple-tree  bark-lice,  1152. 
bark-lice  on  apple-trees,  1061. 
currant-worm,  1570,  2238. 
grape-vines.    Cause  of  deterioration  in 

some  of  our,  1342. 
bome.    Colorado  potato-beetles,  1462. 
plums.    "Wier,  D.  B.,  2388. 
Natnraliste  Canadien.    Le  (review),  546. 
Naturalists.    Entomological  speculations  of  tbe 

New  England  school  of,  44. 
Neal,    J.    C.     Observations    and    experiments, 

2164. 
Nebraska  bee-killer,  1127, 1311. 

Bruner,  L.    Notes  from,  2291. 

Report  of  tbe  season's  ob- 
servations in,  2418. 
insects,  Bruner,  L.    Keport  on,  2382. 
Necrobia  ruflcollis,  1363. 

rufipes,  1363, 1367, 1703. 


Necrological,  1817. 

Necrophorus  marginatus,  315,  84.5. 

Nectaropbora  granaria,  126,  1806,  2394. 

rudbeckiae,  27,  2205. 
Needle.    Devil's  darning,  1709. 
Negro  bug.    Flea-like,  1127,  1423,  2291,  2418. 
Nematus  ericbsoni,  2198,  2232,  2355. 
fur  n.  gp.,  197. 
hospes  n.  sp.,  197. 
inquilinus  Ji.  «^.,  197. 
integer,  2232. 
mendicus  n.sp.,  197,  821. 
ribesli,  78,  140,  228,  333,  340,364,380,381, 

756,  772,  1031,  1224,  1570,  1696,  2238. 
ribis  ^  N.  ribesii. 
s.-desmodioides  n.  sp.,  197. 
s.-pisum  n.  sp.,  197. 
s.-pomum  «.  sp.,  197. 
Spru  je,  2232. 

ventralis,  907,  917,  924,  1211. 
ventricosus  ^  N.  ribesii. 
Nemestrinidse,  2186. 
Nemobius  vittatus,  1287. 
Nemoraaleucania;,  6,  12,  647,  1112,  1127,  1670. 
Neoclytus  capraea,  560,582,  1849. 
erytbrocepbalus,  1798. 
Nepbelodes  violans,  1885,  1990. 
Nepbila  plumipes,  830. 

Peculiarities  of,  1416. 
Nepidae,  797. 

Nerium  oleander.  Moths  caugbt  by,  1419,  1761. 
Nervous  system  of  articulates.  Tersin.   Function 
of  tbe,  1959. 
insects,  2225. 
Phylloxera,  1687. 
Neuroptera,  1329,  1736,  2267. 

North  American,  24,  39. 
Neuroterus  q.-saltatorius,  1496,  2163,  2173. 
Nevada.    Locust  in,  2024. 
New  Curculio  humbug,  680. 

New  England  and  New  York.    Packard,  A.    S. 
Causes  of  destruction  of  ever- 
green and  forest  trees  in,  2232, 
2291,  2363,  2364,  2382. 
school  of  naturalists.     Entomolog- 
ical speculations  of  the,  44. 
entomological  journal,  2056. 
Hampshire.    Colorado  potato-beetle  in,  1859. 
humbug,  122. 

Mexico.    Blister  beetles  from,  1796. 
pbilosopbj-.    Old  and,  392. 
York.    Chinch-bug  in,  2237,  2252,  2271. 
Colorado  potato-beetle  in,  1379. 
and  Eastern  States.    Supposed  army- 
worm  in,  1990. 
Entomology  in,  2244,  2254. 
Packard,  A.  S.    Causes  of  destruction 
of  evergreen  and  forest  t  rees  in  New 
England  and,  2232,  2291,  2363,  2364,- 
2382. 
State  entomologist  for,  1863. 
weevil,  306,  652,  659,  1301. 

in  apple  trees,  1085. 
without  a  State  entomologist,  1330. 
News.    Recent  cotton-worm  articles  in  tbe,  1719. 
Nicotiana  tabacum.    Flea-beetle  eating,  1782. 


INDEX. 


427 


Nipht.    How  the  Cnrcnlio  fliea  by,  706. 

Ninth    report    State    entomoloRist   of   MiaHoiiri, 

1570. 
Niptvis  hololenrus,  2154. 
Xitidiila  Tjipustulata,  214. 
Nitidulida\.37,214. 

Xoctuid.     A  unique  and  beautiful,  2189. 
NoctuidiP,  455,  787, 141D,  1761. 

of  the  Missouri  reports,  2069. 

Xorth  America.     Notice  of  Grote's 
iliustratcd  esaay  on  the,  2148. 
Parasites  of,  349. 
taken  at  Orono,  Me.,  2160. 
NoIh  sorsrhiella  n.  gp.,  2119. 
Nomenclature.     Scientific,  303,  768. 
None   8o   blind    as  those   who  shut   their    eyes, 

275. 
Nonsense  abont  the  Phylloxera,  1457. 
North  America.    Dilar  in,  2023. 

Earl}-  references    to  tlio    Iles- 

sian-fly  in,  2267. 
Notes  on  Psyllidie  of,  2272. 
Packard,  A.  S.     Zoo-geograph- 
ical map  of,  2267. 
American  Anthomyid;e,  1966. 

Coleoptera.      Classification    of, 

2085. 
Hymenoptera.    Descriptions  of, 

385. 
Lepidoptera.    New  lists  of,  2132. 
Microgasters.     Notes  on,  1960. 
microlepidoptera.      Works    on, 
1975. 
Entomological  ignorance  in  the,  431. 
Northern  army-worm,  1835. 
brenthian,  1363. 

Illinois.     Six   worst  enemies  of  fruit- 
growers in,  377. 
lady-bird  and  its  larv.T,  1289. 
Northwest  in  1883.     Bruner,  L.  Kocky  Mountain 
locust  in  the,  2277. 
on  the  Rocky  Mountain  locust.     Bru- 
ner, L.     Report  of  observations  in 
the,  2165. 
Note,  184,  954. 

Notes.     Entomological,    2,    in96,    1554,   1609,   1610, 
1681, 1958,  2015,  20.58,  2066.  2135.  2147,  2168, 
2184,  2192,  2219,  2228,  2247,  2261. 
by  B.  D.  Walsh,  174. 
Niithms  ovivorus,  1357. 
Notices,  196. 
Notodonta  concinna  =  (Edema.sia  concinna. 

uni<-onii8  —  Cii-lodasys  unicornis. 
Nottiglossa  undata  -■  Onconietopia  undata. 
Noxious  insects  increa.'te  u))i>n  us.     Why,  766. 
named,  454. 
Poisoning,  20.5. 
Popular  remedies  for,  73. 
Nozzle.    Cyclone,  2327. 
Nuisance.    Caterpillar,  1995. 
made  useful.  983. 
Number  of  entomologists  in  Europe,  186.5. 

molts  and  Icngtli  of  larval  life  as  in- 
fluenced by  rno<l,2167. 
segments  in  the   liead  of  wingeil  in- 
sects.   Packard,  AS.  2267. 


Nursery.    Iloles  aronnd  tin*  ri»it«  of  young  ash 

tri'i's  in  the,  471 
Nuts.     Gall,  1.560. 
Nymphalida-,  1301. 

Pupation  of,  1704. 
Nysius  angustatn.^,  1329, 13.57, 1402, 14.5.3,  2048,  2291. 
destnK'tor  n.tp.,  1329—  N.  ungiLstatiiM. 
n.  sp.,  1317. 
Oak  ai)ple,  1448. 

bark  louse,  159. 

borer,  2267. 

Clytus,  2267. 

eoccid  mistiiken  for  a  gall,  1972. 

fig  gall,  745. 

gaU,212,  1925. 

on  acorn  cups.     A  new,  1606. 
Houey-prtHlucing,  1942. 
Leafy,  774. 
Oak.    Insects  akfectixo. 

Amphibolips  (j.-inanis,  1448. 
q.prunus,  1606. 
(j.-spongifica,  1448. 
Andricus  q.-californicus,  19C7. 
q.-puuctatiis,  1822. 
seminator,  739, 1037. 
Balaninus  rectus,  1311. 
Biorhiza  forticornis,  745. 
Cecidomyia  q.-pillulio,  799. 

q. -symmetrica,  799. 
Cecidomyid.x',  799. 
Cerambycid.  2267. 
Ceroptres  ficus,  745. 
Coccus,  159. 
Cossus  robiiiia",  1003. 
Cynipid,  212. 
CynipidiC,  41,  799. 
Cynips  fecuudatrix,  1606. 

forticornis  ^^Biorhiza  forticornis. 

galliftinctoria\  1500. 

(l.-californicas  —  ^ndricus    q.-c.alifor- 

nii'us. 
q.  d.culua,  1925. 
q.frouilosa,  774,  1006. 
q.  glandulus.  IfiOG. 
q.inauis   -  Amphibolips  q.inanis. 
q.  mellaria,  1942. 

q.pruuus  r^  Amphibolips  q.-pmnns. 
q. -punctata  r=  Andricus  (|.-punclat  us. 
q.-spongifica=  Araphibolipsq.-apongi- 

fica. 
seminator  =Andricns  seminator. 
sp.,  799. 

terminalis,  1448. 
Edema  all>ifions,  422. 
Elapliidion  parallelum  =  E.  villoHuni. 
pntator  —  E.  villosuni. 
villosum,  288,  793, 2267. 
Euolemsis  hassetelhi,  1972. 
(Jails,  1269. 

Holooera  ghmduella,  1310, 1311. 
Ithycerus  novi'bonicensis,  10.33. 
Kernies  galliformis,  1972. 
Lachnosterna  fu.'^-.o,  1812. 

pilosicollis  =  L.  tristiB. 
qnercina  =  L.  fnsca. 
tristis,  966. 


428 


INDEX. 


Oak.    Insects  affecting— Continued. 
Lithocolletis  cincinnatiella,  1879. 
Mallodon  melanopus,  2291. 
Myrmecocystus  hortus-doonmi,  1942. 
11}  tilaapis  pomicorticis  =M.  poniorum. 

poinornm,  973. 
Ozognathus  comntus,  1967. 
Phylloxera  lichtensteini,  1421. 
Tenthredinid,  108. 
Xylotrechus  colonns,  2267. 
Oak.     Insects  stripping  the  bur,  966. 
leaf  gall,  799. 

Leaf-miners  on  ■white,  1879. 
Phylloxera,  1363. 
pruner,  793. 
and  rose  galls,  1037. 
tree  borer,  1003. 

caterpillars,  422. 
twigs.    Cynipid  galls  on,  1822. 

"Woolly  galls  on  white,  739. 
Oats.    Insects  affecting. 

Aphis  avensB  ^Neotarophora  granaria. 
Nectarophora  granaria,  1806. 
Silvanus  snrinainensis,  12'9. 
Oats  and  rye.     Beetles  working  in  wheat,  1259. 
Oberea  bimatulata,  302,  783, 1363. 

perspicillata  i=0.  bimaculata. 
Bp.,  1059. 

?  boring  in  apple  twigs,  1850. 
Iripunctata,  1503. 
Obituary.    Bazille,  L.,  2370. 

Belfrage,  G.  W.,  2161. 
Chambers,  V.  T.,  2218. 
ClemeES,  B.,223. 
Glover,  T.,  2218,  2258. 
Lichtenstein,  J.,  2370. 
Maeklin,  F.  W.,  2161. 
Mniszech,  G.  V.,  2054. 
Putnam,  J.  D.,  2054. 
Oblong  winged  katydid,  1329, 1363. 

Eggs  of  the,  569,1157. 
Ocellate  leaf  gall  of  the  red-maple,  2119. 
Odonata.     Venation  of,  39. 
Odontota,  2267. 

dorsalis,  451. 
rubra,  1849, 1876. 
Supposed  eggs  of,  1876. 
Odor  in  butterflies,  2025. 
Odynerus,  770, 1827. 

birenimaculatns,  1827. 
flavipes,  770, 1827. 
CEcanthus,  2267. 

latipennis  n.  gp.,  2026,  2276. 
niveus,  143,  251,  286,  414,  554,  723,  953, 
961,  999,  1006,  1059, 1122, 1323, 
1329,    1333,    1503,    1691,   2195, 
2238,  2276. 
Habits  of,  207. 
(Ecodoma  fervens  =  Atta  fervens. 
CEdemasia    conciuna   61,   413,    454,   779,    788,   922, 

1545. 
CEdipoda  atrox,  1959. 

Carolina  =  Dissosteira  Carolina, 
cruciata,  2075. 
obliterata,  1959. 
pellucida,  1959. 


CEdipodini,  1959. 

OSnothera  gi'andiflora.    Moths  caught  by,  1419, 

1761. 
CEstridffi,  114. 153,  290,  2256. 
CEstrus  hominis  =  Dermatobia  bominis. 

ovis,    450,  887,  914,  1057,  1059,  1357,  1563, 
2238. 
CEta  compta  ;=  (E.  punctella. 

punctella.  1059, 1343. 
Ohio  insects.    Alwood,  W.  B.    Report  on,  2382. 
Oil-beetles,  1053, 1643. 
Old-fashioned  potato  bugs,  185. 
and  new  philosophy,  392. 
question  of  species,  2201. 
Oleander.     Chilocorus  bivulnerua  on,  730. 
Coccid  on,  218. 
Insects  on,  730. 
Olfersia  americana,  2297- 
Omaha.    Conference  of  western    governors  at, 

1557. 
Oncideres  amputator,  1556. 

cingulata,  442,  443,  476,  489,746,  848, 1556, 

1938. 
putator,  1556. 
Oncometopia  undata,  36,  79, 164,  399, 1013. 
One  day's  journal  of  a  state  entomologist,  383. 
effect  of  the  Mississippi  floods,  2080. 
half  the  vine  area  of  France  affected  by  Phyl- 
loxera, 2020. 
Onion-fly,  225. 

Onion.    Insects  affecting. 
Anthoniyia  ceparum,  225. 
Cambala  annulata,  236. 
lulus  multistriatus  =  Cambala  annulata. 
Ortalis  flexa  =  Tritoxa  flexa. 
Tritoxa  flexa,  225. 
Onion-maggot.    Means  against  the,  12. 

pest.    Chester,  2319. 
Ontario.    Index  to  the  entomological  reports  of 

the  province  of,  2228. 
Onward   march  of   the   Colorado   potato-beetle, 

1218. 
Ophiogomphus  mainensis  n.  up.,  39. 
Ophlon.    Long-tailed,  1311. 

macrurum,  1112, 1802. 
purgatum,  1442, 1670. 
Purged,  1127. 
Opsiccetus  personatus,  497. 
Orange.    Bark-louse  on  osage,  389. 

in  Brazil.    Branner,  J.  C,  insects  injuri- 
ous to  the,  2277. 
California.    Scale-insects  of  the,  2389. 
Experiments  upon  scale-insects  affect- 
ing, 2164. 
in  Florida.     Voyle,  J.,  the  effects  of  cold 

on  the  scale-insects  of  the,  2277. 
Hubbard,  H.  G.    Eust  of  the,  2291. 
Orange.    Insects  affecting. 
Coccid,  218. 
Mite,  2291. 

Phytopus  oleivoms,  2308. 
Orange  insects.     Californian,  2373. 

and  cotton-worm,  2067. 
Kerosene  as   a  means  against, 

2164. 
Miscellaneous  notes  on,  2164. 


INDEX. 


L'9 


Orjin^je  iii80ct«.     Successful  iiiiinageineut  of  the 
most  tlesf  ruftivo,  20H8. 
for  the  mulherry  silk-wurni.     Usage,  1220, 

1286. 
Kust  of  the,  2308. 
Sciileinsects  of  the,  2119. 
aeed.     Worma  iu  osajic,  .'iJ)". 
Silk-worms  fed  with  osaf;o,  1341, 1542. 
Successful  inanugouieiit  of  insects  most 

destructive  to  the,  2088. 
trees.    Insects  found  about,  1798. 
Orchard  jjiving  out.     An,  578. 
Injured,  1594. 

Scolytus.     Imported,  2233. 
Iloughton's  insects  iu  the,  188. 
Orchelimuni,  118,  801. 

glaberrimuuj,  1329. 
gracile,  447. 
Oregon.     Apple-plant  lice  in,  1899. 
Organisms.     Interaction  of,  139, 1954. 
Orgy  la,  872. 

antiqua,  1797. 
Glands  in,  2412. 

leucostigma,  C5, 480,  535,  600,  762, 1000, 1059, 
1151,  1227,  1352,  2198,  2238,  2378,  2379,  2380. 
moth  issuing  from  a,  larva,  1779. 
Variable  moulting  in,  2380. 
Oril  atida;,  1363. 

Original  habitat  of  Icerya  purchasi,  2415. 
Orocharis  saltator,  513,  1287, 1323, 1329,  2276. 
Ortalis  flexa  =  Triloxa  llexa. 
Orthocentrus  pusillus,  38.5. 

stigmaticus  n.  sp.,  385. 
trifaseiatus  n.  sp.,  385. 
Orthoptera,  1329,2267,2276. 
Orthoptera,  Packard,  A.  S,  systematic  position  of 

the,  2267. 
Orthopterous  insects.     Packard,    A.  S.,  embryo- 
logical  developmftnt  of, 
22C7. 
Orthosoma  bmnneum,  95,  397,  2267. 
Cylindrical,  1059. 
cylindricura  =:  O.brunneum. 
unicolor  =  O.  brunneum. 
Osage  orange.    Bark-louse  in.  389. 
Osage  oranoe.    Insects  affecting. 
Dipteron,  597. 

Lecanium  acericola  =  Pulvinaria   innumer- 
abilis. 
luaclura}  ^=  Pulvinaria    innumer- 
abllis. 
Pulvinaria  innumerabilis,  389. 
Sericaria  mori,  1341, 1542, 1609,  2234. 
Sphinx  hageni,  2119. 
Osage  orange  for  the  mulberry  silk-worm,  1220, 
1286. 
seed.     Worms  in,  .597. 
Silk-worms  fed  with,  1341, 1542. 
Sphinx,  2119. 

vg.  mulberry  for  the  silk- worm,  2234. 
Osborn,  H.,  report  of  experiments  at  Ames,  Iowa, 
2344. 
upon  the  insects  of  the  season 
in  Iowa,  241»<. 
Oscinis,  2394. 

braftsica;  n.  »p.,  2291. 


Oscinis.    Cabbage,  2291. 

Other  insiHts  alfectnig  cheese,  1703. 

Otiorh.\nchulio    injurious    to   cultivated     plaiitn. 

2117. 
Otiorhynchus  piclpes,  1788. 
Our  bugs,  2374. 

table.     On,  395,  408,  .506,  546, 568, 623,  827, 1110. 
Out  of  evil  coirielh  good,  618. 
Outbreaks  of  army-worms.     Recent,  2262. 
Overcrowded,  654. 
Overflow  bugs  in  California,  2099. 
Ovipoaition  in  Carabidif.     Mode  of  2311. 
Prodoxus  drii])ien8.  2049. 
round-headed  apple-tree  borer,  2266. 
Saperda  bivituta,  1621. 
Tortricid:a,  1922. 
tlie  Yucca  moth,  1354. 
Owlet  moth.    Spider- wort,  1301. 
Owls'  pellets,  601. 
Ox  insects,  290.     . 
Oxalis.    Aleurodes  on,  1791. 
Ox-eye  daisy  as  an  insecticide,  1861. 
Oxyopes  viridans,  2343. 
Oxyptilus  periscelidactylus,  1059,  1175,  1.301 
Oyster-shell  bark-louse,  373, 1059,  1127. 

of  the  apple,  1329,  2238. 
iu  Missouri,  1169 
Ozognatlius  cornutus,  1967. 
Pachylobius  picivorus.  845. 
Pachypsylla  n.  ij.,  2208,  2272. 

c. -gemma  n.  sp.,  2272. 
c. -mamma  n.  sp.,  2208,  2272. 
venusta,  2208,  2272. 
Pachytylus  migratorius,  1959,  2044. 
Pacific  coast.     Entomologist  for  the,  2022. 

AVheatstalk  worm  on  the,  2123. 
Pack  j'our  insects.     Mind  liow  you,  435. 
Packard,  A.  S.     Additions  to  the  third  report  on 
the  causes   of  the  destruction 
of    the    evergreen    and    other 
forest  trees  in  northern  New 
England,  2364. 
Causes  of   destruction   of  ever- 
green forests  in  New  Euglacd 
and  New  York,  2232. 
De.scriptions  of  larv:i<  of  injarious 

forest  insects,  2267. 
Development  of  the  bark-borini; 
beetles    Ilylurgops  and   Xyle- 
borus,  2267. 
Embryological     development    of 

('alopt<>nus  atlanis,  2267. 
Embryological    development    of 

Caloptoiius  sprotuH,  2267. 
Embryological    development    of 

the  locust,  2267. 
Embryological    development   of 

ortliopterous  insects,  2267. 
Fourth  report  on  insects  injuring 

forest  and  shade  trees,  2382. 
The  IleHHian-fly.  2267. 
Narrative  of  the  tlr.st  foumey  io 
1877,  1643. 
a  Hfcond  journey  id 
1877.  1643. 
Notes  on  forest-tre«  insects,  2253. 


430 


INDEX. 


Packard,  A.  S.    Notes  of  a  journey  to  Utah  and 
Idaho  in  1878,  1959. 
Number  of  segments  in  the  head 

of  winged  insects,  2267. 
Second  report  on  the  causes  of 
the   de.s traction    of  the  ever- 
green and  other  forest  trees  in 
northern    New    England   and 
New  York,  2291. 
Systematic  position  of  the  Or- 
thoptera  in  relation  to  the  other 
orders  of  insects,  2267. 
Third  report  on  the  causes  of  the 
destruction  of   the  evergreen 
and  other  forest  trees  in  north- 
ern New  England,  2363. 
Packard's  Guide  to  the  study  of  insects  (Review), 

395,  479, 827. 
Pajdisca  celtisana  »(,.  sp.,  1968. 

giganteana  n.  sp.,  1968.  . 

obfuscata.     Girdling  habits  of,  2405. 

scudderiana,  2356. 

Notes  on,  2213. 
Painted  borer,  89. 

lady-bird,  1329. 
Pale  thighed  tortoise  beetle,  1127. 
Paleacrita  n.  g.,  1438. 

vernata,  75,  86,  172,  173,  377, 1021, 1066, 
1127,  1357,  1363,  1423,  1438,  1482, 1539, 
1604, 1847,  2012,  2149,  2238,  2267. 
Palingenia  bilineata  ^  Hexagenia  bilineata. 
flavescens  n.  sp.,  24. 
pulchella  n.  sp.,  24. 
terminata  7i.  sp.,  24. 
vittigera  n.  sp.,  24. 
Paniphila  ethlius,  1897. 
Paniscus  geminatus,  1059. 
Pangus  caliginosus  =:  Harpalus  caliginosus. 
Panorpa,  2267. 
Panorpidaj,  2267. 
Paper-uifikers,  505. 

Paphia  glycAium,  1117, 1127, 1329, 1704, 1711. 
Papilio,  1352. 

asterias,  453,  804,  863, 1272, 1276, 1512. 
cresphontes,  1237, 1300, 1914. 
glaucus,  28,  1048. 
marcellus,  666. 

philenor,  1127, 1321, 1774, 1957. 
thoas  =  P.  cresjihontes. 
troilus,  469,  857. 
turnus,  28,  361, 1048. 
Parandra  brunnea,  1733, 1876. 
Paraphia.     Fir,  2363. 
Pai  arhyssa  ■»,.  g. ,  385  =  Khyssa. 
Parasa  chloris,  1233. 
Parasite  of  cabbage-worm,  2231. 
canker-worm,  717. 

the  imported  cabbage-womi.      Intro- 
duction of  a,  2291. 
Imported  currant-worm  fly  and  its,  380, 

381. 
Mud-wasp  and,  1827. 
Phora  not  a,  1923. 
on  Prodoxus  decipiens,  1831. 
or  a  scavenger?    Is  Cyrtoneara  a,  2102. 
Sheep,  2043. 


Parasites,  66. 

on  bees,  1500. 

bred  from  cotton-worm,  1722. 
of  Colorado  potato-beetle.    Mite,  1505. 
cotton- worm,  1712. 
cut-worms,  349. 
Efficacy  of  Chalcid  egg,  2115. 
on  eggs  of  Caloptenus  spretus,  161 
fowls,  1308. 

the  hateful  grasshopper,  728. 
Hessian-fly,  2332. 
Hog-caterpillars  of  the  vine  infested 

■with,  1247. 
of  the  human  animal,  728. 
Importing  European,  208. 
on  its  larva.    The  Abbot  Sphinx,  1277. 
of  the  larvaof  Lachnosterna  fusca,  2301. 
Leucania  unipuncta,  6, 10, 17, 1670. 
of  the  plum  Curculio,  1751, 1795. 
Synonyms  of,  1932. 
Parasitic  cocoons,  158, 1125, 1134. 

Not  eggs  but,  1290. 
coleoptera,  2353. 
diptera,  2076. 
flies,  310. 

fungus.    Remarkable,  1313. 
Parasitized  tomato- worm,  155. 
Paria  aterrima,  1887,  1904,  2229. 
Paris  green  absorbed  ?     Is,  1487. 

for  cotton- worms.    How  to  use,  1544. 

the  curculio,  1258. 

its  effects  on  plants,  soil,  and  man, 

1427. 
as  an  insect  destroyer,  1447. 

insecticide.    Use  of,  1497. 
Paris  green,  London  purple  and,  2021. 

purple,  2021. 
Parorgyia.    Glands  in,  5412. 

Synonyms  and  food-plants,  2412. 
Parsnip  caterpillars,  453,  804. 
Parsnip.    Insect  affecting. 

Papilio  asterias,  453,  804,  863, 1273. 
Parsnip  worm,  863. 

Parthenogenesis  of  the  Hessian-flj'.    Probable, 
1787. 
in  insects      Occurrence  of,  1029. 
of  Mytilaspis  pomicorticis,  1056. 
Passalus  cornutus,  1311, 1329, 1636. 
Horned,  1311. 

Egg  of,  1329. 
Passer  domesticus  as  an  insect  destroyer,  1667. 
Pka.    Insects  affectinc. 

Bruchus  pisi,  434,  1120,  1301, 1916.  2238. 
Cerotoma  caminea,  2418. 
Gryllussp.,2383. 
Pea  and  its  insect  foes,  14. 

weevil.  1301,  2238. 
Peach  borer,  1017, 1059. 

Plat-headed,  2267. 
borers,  871, 1366. 

Apple  and,  1475,  1513. 
Means  against,  121. 
Peach.    Insects  affecting,  514. 

.Sgeria  exitiosa  =  Sanuiua  exitiosa. 
Asilus  sp.,  660.., 
CaUimorpha  lecontei,  1301- 


INDEX. 


431 


Peach.    Lvskcts  AFFEcrnJG— Continued. 
Carpocapsa  pomonella,  1334. 
Cetoiiia  inda  ==  Euphoria  inda. 
Dicorca  divaricata,  871, 2L*67. 
Epbestia  interpunctflla,  325. 

zesB  =  E.  interpunctella. 
Eriocampa  cera-si,  1253. 
Euphoria  inda,  447. 
Gortyna  nitela,  C32, 1210. 
Helops  ffireua,  751. 

pullus  =  H.  acreus. 
Larva,  601. 

Lfpidopteron,  697, 1210. 
Lithdphane  antenuat.i,  1182. 
Mycetophila  persiciu,  6j3, 660. 

sp.,  419. 
CEcanthns  niveas,  554. 
PhliEotribus  liminaris,  2047. 
Sauniua  exitiosa,  587,  617,  871, 1017, 1059, 1070, 

1475, 1513, 2238. 
Scoljtus  rugnlosus,  1940. 
Selandria  ceraai  =  Eriocampa  cerasi. 
Thvridopteryx  ephemera»forinis,  1189. 
Xyliiia  cinerea  ^=  Lithopliaue  antennata. 
Peach.     Large  green  worm  in  a,  661. 
tree  bark  borer,  2047. 
borer,  1070,  2238. 
borers,  871. 
trees  again.    Mounding,  617,  653. 
Beetle  around,  751. 
Inaects  around,  C60. 
Minute  borers  in,  1940. 
Mounding,  587. 
Sulphur  cure  for,  176. 
Supposed  cause  of  yellows  in,  515. 
twig  borer,  632,  697. 
twigs.     Eggs  in,  554. 
worm,  325. 

Blue  spangled,  1301. 
boring  into,  1182. 
Pear.     Apple-bark  lice  on,  973. 

Banded  Ips  in  calyx  of,  1239. 
Bark-lice  on  the,  982. 
and  cherry  trees.    Slug  on,  1222. 
Diplosis,  2363. 
Pear.    Insects  affecting. 
Auaraeti.'*  grisea,  2117. 
Anthououius  quadrigibbus,  1358. 
Aragiiouius  grisens,  2428. 
Adpidiotus  harrisii  =Chionaspi8  fnrfuruB. 
Capsus  oblineatus  =  Lygus  pratensis. 
Carabid,  692. 

Carpocapsa  pomonella,  1334. 
Cerambycid,  288. 
Chiouaspi.s  furlurus,  372. 
('hloroneuramalefica:=Empoa8caviride8ceD8. 

maligna  :=Empoasca  obtusa. 
Clisiocampa  americana,  363. 
Couoirachelus  crata-gi,  1358. 

nenuphar,  1358. 
Corimelaena  pulicaria,  741. 
Diplosis  nigra  =  D.  pyrivora. 

pyrivora,  2363,  2392. 
Dolerns  unicolor,  1989. 
Empoasca  obtusa,  22. 

viridescens,  22. 


Peas.    Iksects  apfkctixg— Continued. 

Eriocampa  cerasi,  1031, 1382. 
Euphiiriii  nx-laiicliolira.  372. 
Euryomia    mrlaucholica  ^:  Euphoria    mel.-ui- 

cholica. 
Ips  fasciatns,  1239. 
Lygus  pratensis,  2, 3L 
Mylilaspis  pomicorticis  —  M.  ponioruin. 

pomorum,  973,  982. 
Notodonta  couciuiia  i-  ("Edumasia  concinna. 
QCdemasia  couciuna,  779. 
Oncidere.t  ciugulata,  >'ix. 
Platyccrua  ijiiercus.  1162. 
Polycaim  confirtus,  2103. 
Prionus  laticollis,  361. 
Rhopalus  sp.,  372. 
Scolytus  rugulosns,  2233. 
Selandria  cerasi  —  Eriocampa  cerasi. 
Tremex  columbn,  928. 
TyphlodroniuM  pyri,  1739, 1759. 
Pear  leaf  blister,  1739. 
midge,  2363. 
root-borer.  561. 

shoots.     Bug  gathering  on,  741. 
slug.     Blood-sucker  and,  1253. 

Currant  worm  and,  103L 
tree  borer.     Elm  and,  928. 
insect.     A  new,  1162. 
insects,  277. 
Rows  of  eggs  in,  577. 
slug,  1382. 
worms,  779. 
twigs.    Girdled,  848. 
Two  new  foes  of  the  apple  and,  22. 
Pearl  wood  nymph,  1127.  13ul,  1363. 
Pears.     Curculios  on,  1358. 
Peas.    Buggy,  1916. 

from  bugs.     To  keep  seed,  434. 
Pecan    trees    girdled    by    Onciderus    cingulata. 

Young,  489. 
Pediculina,  258,  497. 
Pediculus  capitis,  497. 

cervicalis  =  P.  capitis. 
huiiianu.4  =  P.  vestiraeutL 
pubis     -  Pthirius  pubis, 
vestiiiifuti,  497. 
Pedigree  moth  breeding,  2381. 
Pelargonium.     Gall  lui,  1764. 

Pelidnota  punctata,  40,  113,  129,  354,  ,S."iH,  725  ,1221, 
1301. 
Spotted,  1301. 
Pelopauscemcntarius,  543, 1371. 

Habits  of  Poli.stfs  and.  1371. 
lunatus  -:  I',  ci-iiieritariut. 
Pempelia  hauiinondi  u.  tp.,  810, 1311, 1322. 

lignosellii,  2119. 
Pemphigin;e.     Biological  not«<8  on   frail-making, 

1653,  1678. 
Pempbigini,  2017. 
Pemphigus  acerifolii  n.»p.,  1678. 
formic.iriuM  n.  ip,  27. 
fonuicetorum  n.  ip..  27. 
fraxiuifolii  n.  *p.,  I67t<,  2361. 
Imbricalor.  4t9,  n9C,  2361. 
populicaulis.  446,  713. 
populi-munilis  n.*p.,  1678. 


432 


INDEX. 


Pemphigus  popnli-ramulorum  n.  gp.,  1678. 
populi-transversus  n.  gp..  1678. 
pyri  =  Schizoneura  lanigera. 
rhois,  518. 
tessellata,  1948. 
ultnifu.sus  n.  sp.,  518. 
vagabundu.s,  446,  518. 
vitifoli»  =  Phylloxera  vastatrix. 
Penetrating  organ  in  a  gamasid  mite.    On  an  ex- 
tensile, 1626. 
Pennsylvania  ground  beetle,  1059. 
soldier  beetle,  1059. 
Pentagenia  n.  g..  39. 

qnadripunctata  »i.  «p.,39.  * 

Pentarthron  n.g.  (Seep.  379)  =  Trichogramma. 
Penthina  fullerea  n.gp.      (Seep.  378)  =  P.  hebe- 
sana. 
vltivorana  =-  Eudemis  botrana. 
Pepsia  formosa,  466,  521,  543,  823. 

Mygale  bentzii  and,  1619. 
Periclistus  sylvestris,  1131. 
Perilitus  indagator.  1311. 
Perimegatfima  variegatum,  2109. 
Periodical  Cicada,  474,  527,  619, 1059, 1311, 1489, 1624, 
1836,  2014,  2312,  2314,  2315,  2363. 
alias  the  seventeen-year  locust, 

1971, 1979. 
alias    the    seventeen-year   and 

thirteen-year  locust,  1159. 
Belated  individuals  of  the,  648. 
in  Massachusetts,  2321. 
Notes  on  the,  2318. 
Our  first  brood  established,  707. 
Premature  appearance  of  the, 

2320,  2326. 
in  savin  t^'  igs.   Eggs  of  the,  698. 
Song  notes  of  th?,  2334. 
Periodical  Cicada  in  southeastern  Indiana.     But- 
ler, A.  W., 2364. 
Massachusetts, 
2216. 
Twigs  punctured  by,  1055. 
or  seventeen-year  Cicada,  2312,  2314. 
Perla  decipiens  n.  sp.,  24. 
dorsata,  903. 
elongata  n.  sp.,  24. 
flavescens  n.  sp.,  24. 
fumipennis   n.  sp.,  24  =;  Chloroperla    fumi- 

pennis. 
producta  n.  sp.,  24. 
varians  7i.  sp.,  24. 
Perlidas,  2267. 
Perny  silk- worm,  1311. 
Persian  insect  powder,  1485. 
Persimmon.    Insects  affecting. 

Ceratocampa  regalia  =  Citheronia  regalis. 
Citheronia  regalis,  1275. 
Pesta.     Carpet,  1663. 

Drug-store,  510. 
Museum,  246,  462,  572. 
Potato,  1554. 
of  the  strawberry,  2324. 

"West.     Winged,  2313. 
Petroleum  as  insecticides.    Emulsions  of,  2134. 

and  their  value  as  insecticides.    Emul- 
sions of,  2126,  2200. 


Pezomachus,  158. 

Diminished,  1127. 
minimus  n.  sp.,  12, 1442,  1670. 
Pezotettix,  some  species  dimorphic  forms  of  Cal- 
optenus,  1889. 
pacifica  7i.  sp.,  1959. 
Phakellura  nitidalis  ^  Eudioptis  nitidalis. 
Phalanazea,  2343. 

Pbahenidie.     Description  of  a  new  genus  ol',  1 1  !8. 
PhalangidiP,  838. 

Phaneropteracun'icauda^ScudderiacurviL.iiiiia. 
PhasmiJa,  2267. 
Phasmomantis,  457,  590,  859,  971,  979,  1059,  1060, 

2276. 
Phengodes,  1874,  2397. 

laticollis,  2412. 

and  Zarhipis.    Further  ui>tc.s  on,  Jill, 
2412. 
Notes  on,  2408. 
Phengodina.     On  the  luminous  larviform  females 

in  the,  2397,  2402. 
Phenomena.     Vegetable,  436. 
Pheocyma.     Pine,  2363. 
Phemonone  5caudata,  2110. 
PhUampelus  achemon,  1091, 1127. 
pandoras,  1102, 1127. 
satellitia  ^^  P.  pandoras. 
Philenor  swallow-tail,  1127. 
Philonthus,  1311. 

Philosophy  of  the  movement  of  the  Rocky  Mount- 
ain locust,  1669. 
Old  and  new,  392. 

of  the  pupation  of  butterflies,  1711. 
Phlceotribus  liminaris,  2047. 
Phlox.     Heliothis  phloxiphaga  injuring,  936,  915. 

worm,  945. 
Phoberia  atomaiis,  1970,  2343. 
Phobetron  hyalinum,  40. 

pithecium,  777, 1272. 
tetrad  actylu.s,  40. 
Phora  aletiae,  1923, 1932,  2102,  2343. 

a  scavenger,  not  a  parasite.  1923. 
Phorodon  humuli.  235,  279,  1001,  2393,  2394,  2396, 

2400. 
Phorostoma  latnm,  2260. 

Phosphorescence  of  fire-flies.     Intermittence  of 
the,  1805. 
the  glow-worm.      Xature  of 
the,  1810. 
Phosphorescent  larvae.     Large,  1874. 
Photinns.    Food  of  Calopteron  and,  2358. 
pyralis,  396,  1097.  1705, 1917,  2358. 
Photuris  pennsylvanica,  1097,  1705,  1917. 
Phoxopteris  comifoliana  n  sjj.,  1968. 

fragariffi,  499.  984,  1059, 1574,  2324. 
murtfeldtiana  n.  sp.,  1968. 
nubeculana,  1721. 
Phryganeidae,  1138. 
Phyciodes  nycteis,  1410. 
Phycita  nebulella  «.  i-.,  1311  =  var.  of  .\crobasi8 

indiginella. 
Phycita  nebnlo  n.  sp.,  2  =  Acrobasis  iudiginolla. 
Phyllobrotica     longicornis  =  Diabrotica     lyugi- 

cornis. 
Phylloptera  oblongifolia  :=  Amblycorj-pha  oblon- 
gifolia. 


INDEX. 


433 


rhyllotretA  albionica,  2291. 

Htriolata  —  V.  vittatii. 
vittata,:«8,  504,  2291. 
ziniuu-rnianiii.  2291. 
Phylloxera,  1355,  1396,  1404,  1406,  1428.  1449,  1644, 
1671. 
iu  California,  2140. 

Grape,  1727. 
Winf:t<(l,  1J<95.     . 
caryas-avellaua  yi.  x/)..  1901. 
-cauli.s,  300,  68.5, 1439. 
-fallax?i.  Kp.,1423. 
folia?,  1311. 1363. 
-globviliii.  «><..27,  360. 
■giiminosa,  n.  »p.,  1423. 
-ren  n.  xp..  1423. 
-scissa  n.  sp.,  1901. 
-semen,  373. 
on  chestnut,  353. 
congres.s  in  Spain,  1907. 
convenJioii  at  Berne,  2147. 
correction,  1355. 
enemy.    Grape-leaf,  15?0. 
in  Franco.     Grape,  2193. 
with  fuuijus  (li.seasc.    Infesting,  1808. 
in  Geelong.  Victoria.     Grape.  1732. 
Grape,    1329,    1363,    1373,    1423,    1482, 

1721. 
and  grape-rot.  1623, 1628. 
Half  tlie  vine  area  of  France  att'ected 

by,  2020. 
laws.  2019. 

in  Europe,  2248. 
German.  2432. 
lichtensteni,  1121. 
mite,  1363. 
Mold  and,  1807. 
Nervous  .system  and  salivary  glands 

of  1687. 
Xew  biological   facts  regarding  the 
grape,  1421. 
hickory  galls  made  by,  1901. 
Newest  facts  of  grape,  1404. 
Nonsense  about  the,  1457. 
not  at  the  Cape.     Grape,  184 1. 

permanently    destructive.      The 
grape,  1907. 
notes,  1406. 
Notes  on  the  grape,  1952,  2291. 

in  the  natural  history  of,  1439. 
Nouveau  remade  contre,  2283. 
Oak,  1363. 

One-half  the  vine  area  of  France  af- 
fected by,  2020.  I 
quercus,  1363.  ' 
Kemedies  for,  1403. 
rileyi,  1363, 1423, 1.130. 
in  sandy  soil,  2250. 
Some  recent  discoveries  in  reference 

to,  2209. 
spinusa,  2209. 
in   Switzerland.     Extermination  and 

restriction  of,  2207. 
Use  of  guano  for  the  grape,  1837. 

28   ENT 


Pliylloxera  vnstatrix,  127,  373,  565,  724,  840,  918, 
1281,  129.5,  1301,  1311.  1325. 
1320,  1342,  l:«3,  1363.  1373, 
1376,  1394,  1403.  1421.  1423, 
1433,  1439,  1440.  1454.  1457, 
1469.  14«2.  1.5.10.  1531.  1664. 
162.3. 1671.  1716.  1721.  1727. 
1732.1808,  1841.  1900,  1906. 
1907,  1952,  201."),  2019.  2020, 
2140,2150,  2208.  2250,  2283, 
2355. 

Dipterous  enemies  of.  2!.'>0. 
Impregnated  egg  of.  1074. 
vitifolisB  =P.  VKstatrix. 
work,  1900. 
Phyloptera,  2267. 
Phyloscia,  1900. 
Phymata  erosa.  778. 1660. 
Pby.sianthus  albens,  1418,  1419. 

Capture  of   moths  by.  1388. 

1419. 1761. 
Peculiarities  of,  1418. 
Physia.nthl's.    Insects  akfbctixo.  1388. 
Dcilephila  lineata.  1419. 
Noctuida;,  1410. 1761. 
Sphingida;,  1418, 1419,  1761. 
Physicians.    Quacks  or,  282. 
Physocnenium  brevilineum,  696. 
Physonota  quinquepunctata  ?i.  gp.  767  ^=  P.  nni- 
punctata. 
nnipunctata,  767. 
Phytocoridif,  1301. 

Phytolacca  not  fed  on  by  Aletia,  2343. 
Phytonomus  nigrirostti.s.  2355. 

opimus  =  P.  punctatus. 
punctatns,  2010.  2028,  2061.  2119.  23.55. 

Further  notes  on.  2061. 
rumicis.  2119. 
Phytopbagic  species.  45,  50. 
Phytophagis  varieties,  45,  50. 
Phytopus.  1739. 

oleivorus.  2308. 
Pickle-worm.  1127. 
Pieridie,  613, 1301. 

Dimorphic.  28. 
Pieris  menapia,  2121. 

monuste,  1991, 2232. 
oleraceii,  835, 1127,  2232, 2238. 
protodice,  836, 1 127.  2232.  2238. 
rapiP.  1127,  1257,  1279.  1294,  1469.  10»4, 1714. 
1720,  1721, 1807,  1948,  2221.  2232, 2238. 
2251.  2298. 
into  Alabama.     Sprejid  of,  1720. 
vorualis,  1634. 
Piesma  cinerea.  398. 2048. 
Pigeon  I'remex,  458. 

in  apple,  112<i. 
Pigs.     I.ieo  on.  900. 
Pimpla  annulicomis,  2.34.1. 
aunulipes,  1334. 
atrata       Thnlewia  atrata. 
cadebs  n.itp.,  38.5. 
conqnisitor,  2343. 
inquisitor,  1059. 


434 


INDEX. 


Pimpla  investigatrix  n.  sp.,  385. 
piotipes  n.  sp.,  385. 
pleurivinctus  =  P.  conquiaitor. 
Red-leggtid,  1329. 
sp.  on  Parandra  brannea,  1876. 
vidua  n.  sp.,d85. 
Pine  Amorbia,  2363. 

borer.    Common  longicom,  2291. 

Lesser,  2267. 
Caterpillar-i  on  the,  927. 
and  cedar.     Longicorns  in,  319. 
False  caterpillars  on  the,  985. 
Pine.    Insects  affecting. 
Amoibia,  2363. 
Asemum  mcestum,  2267. 
Aspidiotns  pinifolii  =  Chionaspia  pinifolii. 
Borers,  1049. 
Callidium  antennatum,  319. 

janthinum,  319. 
Chionaspis  pinifolii,  97, 1329,  2079. 
Cybocephalus  nigritulus,  2079. 
Hylobius  confusus,  1168. 
Lachnus  strobi,  320. 
Lophyrus  abbotii,  465,  927, 956, 1570. 

lecontei,  985, 1011, 1570. 
Moiiohanimns  titillator,  1324. 
Pheocyma,  2363. 
Pieris  menapia,  2121. 
Pissodes  strobi,  781,  2363. 
Podapion  gallicola,  2231. 
Ptinus  brunneus,  191. 
Therina,  2363. 
Pine-leaf  scale  insect,  1329. 
moth  of  Nantucket,  2183. 
Pheocyma,  2363. 
Therina,  2363. 
trees.    Butterfly  larvie  injurious  to,  2121. 

killed  by  borers.    White,  1049. 
worm.     Leconte's,  1570. 
"White,  465,  956. 
Pinion.    Ash-gray,  1301, 
Pinus  elliotii.    Chionaspis  pinifolii  on,  2079. 
inops.     Gall  on,  2231. 
strobus.     Insects  affecting,  97, 320. 
Pionea,  Cabbage,  2232. 

rimosali.s,  1867, 1915,  2232. 
Piophila  casei,  1141, 1266, 1700, 1734. 

radicum,  1357. 
Pipiza  femoralis,  495. 

radicum  n.  sp.,  495  ^  P.  femoralis. 
Pirates  biguttatus  =  Easahus  biguttatus. 

picipes  =  Melanolestes  picipes. 
Pissodes  strobi,  781. 

PiTCHEE-FLANT.      INSECTS  AFFECTING,  1385. 
Sarcophaga  sarraceniffi,  1385, 1390. 
Xanthoptera  semicrocea,  1385, 1390. 
Pithy  blackberry  gall,  1131. 

galls  on  blackberry-twigs,  610. 
Pityophthorus  micrographi.o,  295. 
minutissimus,  295. 
Plagionotus  speciosus,  547,  915. 
Plagues.     Insect,  2198. 
Planipennia,  2267. 
Plant-bug.    Dotted  legged,  1311. 

Tarnished,  1127, 1219,  2291. 
feeders.    Carnivorous  propensity  of,  1867. 


Plant-feeding  liabit  of  Feniseca  tarqninius,  2361. 
habits  of  predaceous  beetles,  1956. 
growing  out  of  an  insect,  332,  478. 
lice,  23, 80,  265. 
again,  1008. 

Apple  tree,  270,  335,  591,  996. 
on  berberry,  644. 
Cherry-tree,  1067. 
Currant,  304. 
To  destroy,  1148. 
Destroying  cherry,  1207. 
enemies,  151. 
Evergreen,  1039. 
Mites  mistaken  for,  59. 
from  one  plant  to  another.    Migration 

of,  2017. 
in  Oregon.    Apple-tree,  1899. 
Plum-tree,  678. 
on  potatoes,  1679. 
Scab  in  apple  vs.  apple-tree,  1139. 
and  their  foes.    Cherry,  1251. 
their  friends  and  foes,  198. 
louse  again.    Eggs  of  the  apple-tree,  550. 
Apple,  883. 

root,  373,  495,  1059. 
tree,  1127. 
Cabbage,  2291. 
Corn-root,  23. 
Currant,  322. 
eggs  on    apple    and    mountain  ash, 

579. 
Eggs  of  the  apple-tree,  507,  539. 
enemy,  301. 
Grain,  99, 126,  1127. 

Look  out  for  the  eggs  of  the  apple- 
tree,  507. 
White-pine,  320. 
Plants.    Fertilizing,  324. 

Food  of  insectivorous,  1499. 
and  insects.    Imported,  1339. 
Otiorhynchidai  injurious  to  cultivated, 

2117. 
soil  .and  man.     Effects  of  Paris  green  on, 
1427. 
Platamodes  unicolor,  573. 
Platycerus  quercus,  1162. 
Platygaster  herrieki,  2332. 
Platyhypena  scabra  T=Kypena  scabra. 
Platynus  aeruginosus,  1013. 
excavatus.  1013. 
maculicollis,  2099. 
punctiformis,  1798. 
Platyphylluai     concavum  =  Cyrtophyllua     con- 

cavus. 
Platypsyllua  castoris,  2417. 

as  determined  by  the  lar-'a.    Sys- 
tematic relations  of,  2417. 
Platyptera,  2267. 
Platyptilus  carduidactylus,  1059. 
Plectrodes  scalator,  1330, 1525. 
Plenty  of  specimens.     Send,  593. 
Pleurotropis  phyllotretii?  n.  sp.,  2291. 
Plug-ugly  theory,  233, 1383. 
Plum  bark-louse,  107. 

Curculio,  373, 1059, 1129, 1301,  2296. 
breeds  in  tlie  apple,  1214. 


INDEX. 


435 


Plum  Ciirciilio,  natural  bistorv  .md  liow  (o  latch 
hira.  1372. 
Parasite  for  the,  1751, 1795. 
gouger,  33,  34,  373, 1301. 
gum.     Larva*  in,  419. 
Pn'M.    Insects  afkecting. 
Acarid,  12C5. 

.iEgeria  esitiosa  ^=Sanniua  exitioHa. 
Anthonomns  prunicida  ^=  Coccotorua  Scutel- 
laria. 
Aphis  cerasi  =  Myzus  cora-si. 

prunifolias  678. 
Attacus  ci'tTopia,  1249. 
Bibio  albij)cuui3,  683. 
Carpocapsa  poraonella,  1334. 
Cerambycid,  559. 

Coccotoru8  Scutellaria,  33,  373, 1301, 1378. 
Colaapis  sp.,  372. 
Conotrachelus  geminatus,  34. 

nenuphar,  33,  372,  373,  501,  566, 
1059, 1071, 1301, 1372,1477,1685, 
2296. 
inincticollis  n.    sp.,    34  =^  C. 
geminatus. 
Dipterou,  419. 
Elapbidion  parallelum  ^=  E.  yillosum. 

villosum,  606. 
Elaterid,  81. 

Grapholitha  prunivora,  373. 
Hylobius  stupidus  =  Pachylobius  picivorus. 
Lecaninm  sp.,  107. 
Lyda8p.,656. 
Mytilaspis  pomicorticis  =  M.  pomorum. 

pomorum,  973. 
Myzus  cerasi,  678. 
Pachylobius  picivorus,  845. 
Phorodon  humuli,  2393,  2394. 
Sannina  exitiosa,  81. 
Scolytus  rugulosus,  1940. 

Semasia  prunivora  =  Grapholitha  pninivora. 
Telea  polyphemus,  765. 
Plum  leaf  ■worms,  656. 
moth.  373. 
.saw-fly,  2291. 
tree  insects,  683. 

Minute  borers  in,  1940. 
plant  lice,  678. 
twigs.     Borer  in,  559,  606. 
Plume.    Grape  vine,  1059, 1301. 

moth.     Spruce,  2363. 
Plums  and  cotton,  1477. 

from  Curculio.     To  protect,  1071. 
for  the  million,  501. 
Preventing  rot  in,  1685. 
Wier,  D.  B.     Native,  2388. 
Plusia  hrassiciD  n.  sp.,  1127, 1867.  2232,  2238, 
Cabbage,  1127,  2232, 2238. 
dyaus,  2343. 
Plutella.     Cabbage,  1291, 2232. 

cruciferarum,  614,  1291, 1207,  2232. 
Pod-like  willow  gall,  1170. 
Podabrus  modestns,  3.58,  673. 

rugulosus,  353. 
Potlapion  n..r/.,2231. 

gallicolan.«p..2231. 
Potlisus  spinosus.  372.  4.56, 1378, 1431.  1450, 1672. 


Podosesia  syringa-,  844. 
PoduriD,  1764. 
Podura  nivic«la,  608. 
Podiirida',  317. 

Pd'cilloptera  pruinosa,  737, 1329. 
Pfecilocapsus  lineatiis,  71i!>. 
Poison.     Potato  j>e«t,  1524. 
Poisoning  noxious  insect«,  2015. 
Poisonous  Arachnida,  2399. 

Is  the  Colorado  potato-beetle,  1483. 

Hour,  586. 

Hexapoda,  2399. 

insects,  2399.  • 

Myriapoda,  2399. 

(jiialities  of  the  Colorado  ])Otatobeetl<', 

1425. 
qualities  of  the  Colorado  potato-bug, 

1101. 
spider,  2306. 
Tomato- worm  not,  771. 
worm,  710. 
Poisons  to  destroy  insects.     Use  of,  1887. 
Polistas  fuscatus  —  P.  metricus. 
metricus,  1371. 

and  Pelopa.us.     Habits  of,  1371, 
rubiginosus,  543. 
PoUenia  rudis,  2128,  2174. 
Pollination  of  Yucca,  1603,  2000. 
Polycaon  confortus.     Habits  of,  2103. 
Polydesmus,  261. 

complanatus,  215. 
serratiis,  342. 
sp.,834. 

virginiensis,  219. 
Polymitarcys  alba,  1926, 1961. 
Polyphemus  moth,  542. 

Caterpillar  of,  765. 
Cocoou  of,  1164. 
silkworm,  1311. 
Polyrhabdus  n.  g.,  385  =  ChoriniRUS. 

carinigcr  n.  sp.,  385  ;=  Chorineus 
cariniger. 
Polysphincta  nigriceps  »i.  «p.,  385. 
nigrita  «.  »p.,  .385. 
pimploides  n.  *p.,  385. 
Pomace-fly.    Pretty,  2119. 

Vine-loving.  2119. 
Pomphopcea  a-nea,  289,  301, 1056. 
saj  1,188,301. 
Synoptic  table  of,  289. 
tarsalis.  289. 
Pomphilus  formosus  —  Pepsls  formoaa. 
Poplar  borer.  71. 
POPI.AB.     TSSECT.S  AFFECTWr.. 

Acronycta  accricola  =  A.  americana. 

aiiiericana,  575. 
Saperda  cakarata.  1849. 
Poplars.     Caterpillars  on  Lombardy,  ."i'l. 
Popular  delusion,  52.'i. 
names,  100,  430. 

remedies  for  noxious  insects,  73. 
Populus  mouillfera      InsecU  on.  1459. 
Porcelio,  1000. 

Porizon   .onotracheli   n.irp.,  1751  =  Thersllorhnx 
conotrachcli. 
Curcnlio  parasite,  1301. 


436 


INDEX. 


Potamanthus  ?  odonatus  n.  sp.,  24. 
i'oiato  beetle,  946,  968,  995, 1019, 1027. 

abroad.     The  Colorado,  1364,  1407. 
again.    Colorado,  1301. 
Colorado,  21,  334,  991, 1059, 1311,  1329, 
1363,   1423,   1431,  1558,    1570,  2291, 
2294  2418. 
enemies,  313,  365. 
in  Europe.    Colorado,  1597. 

New  Hainp.shire.    Colorado.  1859. 
Experience  with,  1519. 
Inquiries  concerning,  1491 
Insect  enemies  of  the  Colorado,  411. 
Mite  parasites  of  the  Colorado,  1505. 
in  New  York.    Colorado,  1379. 
The  onward  march  of  the,  1218. 
poisonous?    Is  the  Colorado,  1483. 
Poi.sonous    qualities    of  the  Colo- 
rado, 1425. 
progress,  1480. 

Specific  for  the  Colorado,  1490. 
Sweet,  1697. 
Ten-lined,  025. 
Three-lined,  1059, 1558. 
beetles,  347, 470. 

Drivinjr,  1044. 
Fire  cure  for,  121. 
Large  black,  1206. 
native  home.    Colorado,  1462. 
Safe  remedies  for,  1948. 
Some  notes  on,  1528. 
Sweet,  681, 1510. 
Potato-bug,  742,  905, 1450, 1672. 

Bogii.i  Colorado,  519. 
Colorado,  293,  334,  366. 
in  Maine,  119. 
New,  48, 88, 171,  293. 
Poisonous  qualities  of  the  Colorado, 
1101. 
bugs,  401,  794, 1096. 

To  destroy  Colorado,  650. 
Old-fashioned!  185. 
and  corn  insects,  138. 
Insect  foes  of  the,  1558. 
Potato.    Insects  .\ffecting,  767, 1059. 
Acarina,  1444. 
Aphis  solani,  1679. 

Baridius  trinotata  =  Trichobaris  trinotata. 
Cassida  clavata  =  Coptocycla  clavata. 
Ceresa  bubalus,  2107.  2235. 
Coptocycla  aurichalcea,  1510. 

clavata,  693,  742, 1558. 
Crepidodera  brevis,  1782. 

cucuraeris,   401,  1056,   1059,   1558. 
parvula,  1782. 
Doryphora  10-lineata,  21,  48,  121,  138,  171,  293, 
334,  347,  365,  366,  401,  56.5,  760,  905,  925,  946,  968, 
995, 1019, 1027,  1044,  1059, 1218, 1301,  1311,  1329, 
1363,  1364,  1379,  1105,  1407,  1423,  142,5,  1431, 
1450,  1462,  1480.  1482,  1483,  1490,  1491,  1505, 
1519,  1524,  1528,  1558,  1570,  1597,  1672,  1859, 
2081,  2294. 
Epicanta  cinerea,  401, 1056, 1558. 
corvina,  1200. 

pennsylvanica,  38,  401, 1056, 1558. 
puncticollis,  1381. 


Potato.    Insects  affecting— Continued. 

Epicauta  vittata,  401,  470,  794, 1056, 1230,"l558. 
Epitrix  brevis  ^  Crepidodera  brevis. 

hirtipennis  =  Crepidodera  parvula. 
Gortyna  nitela,  401, 1059, 1558, 2229. 
Gryllussp.,2383. 

Haltica  cucumeris  =:  Crepidodera  cucumoris. 
Lema  trilineata,  138,  401,  565,  925, 1059, 1558. 
Lepidopteron,  794. 

Lytta  atrata  —  Epicauta  pennsylvanica. 
cinerea  ^=  Macrobasis  unicolor. 
marginata  =^  Epicauta  cinerea. 
inurina  =  Macrobasis  unicolor. 
vittata  ^=  Epicauta  vittata. 
Macrobasis  unicolor,  38,  347,  401,  470, 1044, 1558. 
Melanotus  incertus  ?,  846. 
Meloidffi,  48, 121,  794, 1059, 1230. 
Nysiu.s  8j>.,  1317. 
Protoparce  ceieus,  1059, 1558. 

5-raaculata,  401. 
Sciara  sp.,  239. 

Sphinx  5-macula;ta  =  Protoparce  5-maculata. 
Trichobaris  trinotata,  401, 1059, 1558,  2172. 
Potato.     Meloidw  injurious  to,  48.  121,  794,  1059, 
1230. 
New  insect  foe  of  the,  693. 
pest  poison,  1524. 
pests,  1.558. 
Scab  on,  239. 

stalk-borer,  1059,  2172, 2229. 
weevil,  1059. 1558,  2291. 
worm,  10.59,  1329,  1.558. 
Potatoes.    Black  blister  beetles  on,  1381. 

Buffalo  tree-hopper  injurious  to,  2107. 
Plant-lice  on,  1679. 
Scabby.  1444. 
Wire- worm 8  in,  846. 
Pot-herb  butterfly,  1127,  2232,  2238. 
Potter  wasp.  770. 

I'raternal,  1127. 
Powder.     Manufacture  of  pyrethrum,  1984. 

Persian  insect,  1485. 
Powders  and  their  use.    Insect,  1692. 
Practical  entomology  in  reality,  914. 
Prairie  belt.    First  appearance  of  the  cotton- worm 
in,  1852. 
fires  and  hateful  locust,  1453. 
Prasocuris.     Table  of  species,  156. 

varipes,  156. 
Predaceous  beetles.    Plant-feeding  habits  of,  1956. 
Predictions  verified,  1494. 
Premature  appearance  of  the  periodical  Cicada 

2320,  2326. 
Preparation  of  Diptera,  2041. 
Preserving  insects,  881, 1057. 

Directions  for  collecting  and, 
881. 
larvK,  1300. 
President.     Washington  Entomological  Society. 

Address  as,  2355. 
Presidential    address   to  St.    Louis  Academy  of 

Sciences,  1564, 1629. 
Pretty  pomace-fly,  2119. 

and  unique  gall-making  tortricid,  2176. 
Preying  Mantis,  457. 

Supposed  eggs  of,  1002. 


INDEX. 


437 


Prickly  aali  larvn,  1914. 

I'apilio  cn'SiihoiitesoD,  1914. 
rose  gall,  1194,  124.'). 
PKI.MKOSK.      ISSKCTS  AKFECTING. 

Alaria  tlurida  ^    Khodo|i1iora  Hurida. 
Ulioduphora  tloricla,  127:'.. 
Prionida-.     Food  habits,  1902. 
PrioniduM  cristatii.s,2G2,  491. 
Priouotus  uoveuarius  =  Prionidii.s  ci  istatus. 
Prionus.     Eggs  of  bioartnwked.  1329. 
inibiicoiDis,  95.  1127. 
laticollis,  95,  561,  1059,  1081,  1127,  1329, 

2287. 
Lesser,  2267. 
sp.  736. 

Tile  horned,  1127. 
Prisopus  sp.,  2267. 

Pristiphora  grossularia-  n.  »/>.,  140, 176, 189,  364,  772, 
1570. 
sycophanta  n.  up.,  197. 
Probabilities  of  locust  or  grasshopper  injury  in 

the  uear  future,  2335. 
Problem  of  the  bop-plant  louse  in   Europe   and 

America,  2400. 
fully  solved,  2396. 
Proboscis  of  the  common  house-fly,  1783. 
Proconia  nndata  =^  Onc(m)et<)j)ia  undata. 

from  stomach  of  Sturnella  magna,  1013. 
Procri.s.     American,  1127. 

americana  :=  Harrisiana  americaua. 
falsarius  ^  Acoloithus  faLsarius. 
Grape  vine,  213. 
Protacanthns  milberti,  1127, 1269, 1543. 

missouriensis  =  P.  milberti. 
Proctrotrupid*,  2343. 

a  new  genus  of,  1749. 
Prodenia  autumualis  n.  sp.,  1301  =^  Laphygma  fru- 
giperda. 
commeliuaj,  850, 1282. 
fulvosa  ^  var.  of  Lajihygma  frugiperda. 
lineatella,  1775. 

obscura  =  var.  of  Lai)hygma  frugiperda. 
sp..  2238. 
Pi-odoxidai,  2000. 
Prodosus  n.  ().,  1830,  2000. 

ajnesceus  n.  sp  ,  2000. 
cinereus  n.  sp.,  2000. 

decipiens  n.  sp..  1804,1830,1854, 1933. 1943, 
2000, 2049. 
mistaken  for  Pronuba  yucca- 

sella.  1804. 
Ovipo.sitioii  of  2049. 
A  parasite  on,  1831. 
Evolution  of,  1804. 
Further  notes  on  Pronnba  and,  2000. 

ren)arks  on   tlie  dirtVrence  be- 
tween Pronnba  and,  1854. 
intermedins  n.  sp.,  2000. 
marginatus  n.  sp.,  2000. 
Pronuba  vs.,  1844. 

Structaral  and  anatomical  pecaliarities 
of,  2171. 
Profits  of  silk-culture,  2338. 
Promachus,  1127. 

apivorua,  668,  1059, 1.543. 
bastardii.  1269. 


Proniachua  vertebratus,  1269. 
Promethea  silk-worm,  i:ill. 
Prominent.      The  rcd-hunii>ed,  2291. 

unicorn,  1280. 
Pronuba  n.  </.,  1329,  i:i36, 2000. 

and  its  connection  with  the  polliDutlon 

of  Yucca,  2391. 
Kvolution  of,  1X04. 
maculata  n.  sp.,  2000. 
A  new  tineid  genus  allied  to,  1H30. 
and  Prodoxus.     Further  notes  on,  2000. 
remarks  on  the 
dilferences  he 
tweon,  1854. 
Structaral  and  anatomical  peculiarities 

of,  2171. 
vs.  Prodoxus,  1844. 

yuccasella  n.  »p.,  1329.   13:«;,   1337,  1363, 
1603,    1854.  1933.   1943,  2000, 
2171. 
Chrysalis  of,  1414. 
Further  remarks  on,  1603. 
Mr.  Hulsfs  ob.servatious  on, 

2371. 
mistaken  for  Prodoxus  decip- 

iens.  1804. 
Mystery  in  reference  to,  1933. 
Supplementary  notes  on,  l;i37. 
Prophecy  fulfilled.  709. 
Proscoi)ia,  2267. 
Prosopis  affinis,  1173. 
Prospects.     Locu.'it,  1527. 1662, 1582. 
Protection  of  insect' collections,  2180. 
Protective  device  employed  by  a  glaucopid  cater- 
pillar, 2242. 
resemblances.    Mimicry  or,  1301, 1340. 
Proteoteras  «.[/.,  1968. 

icsculana  n.  sp.,  1968,  2114.  2206. 
Protoparce  Carolina,  131,  933,  10H9. 1262,  2238. 

celeus,  131.  152,  401.  4!t0.  710.  81.5,  851, 
885,  993,   1059,  1089.   12&1.  1329,  1558, 
1661. 
Prunus  insect*,  1503. 
P8enides,821. 

and  inquilines.    Kelations  of,  41. 
Psenocerus  snperuotatus,  itil,  1458. 
Pseiidociiccus  areris,  1890. 
Pseudoneuroptera.  2207. 

of  Illinois.  24. 
New,  24, 39. 
Psendoscorpion,  1884. 
Psinidia  wallula  n.sp.,  1959. 
PHOci.2133. 
P.socida.  1147,2207. 

Psocina.     Structure  of  the  claw  in,  2045. 
Psocus,  1078. 

amabilis  n.  «7>.,24. 
bifasciatus  n.  sp.,  39. 
contluens  ii.sp.,  39. 
conterminus  n.ttji.,  39. 
■  geologas  n.tp.,  24. 
lichenatuH  »i.  sp.,  39. 
mades<'ens  fi.  t]j..  39. 
permadidus  n.*}i.,39. 
perploTUs  n.  tp..  24. 
polluti  s  n.sp.,  24. 


438 


INDEX. 


Psocus  purus  n.  sp.,  24. 
rufus  n.sp.,  39. 
semistriatus  n.  sp.,  24. 
venosus,  176,  1078,   1147,  1195,  1263,  1526, 
1798. 
Psyche  confederata,  1441. 
Psychidie,  1650. 

Psychomorpha  epimenis,  1301. 1363. 
Pay  11a.    Box,  2291. 
rubi,  669. 
Psyllid  galls.    Hackberry,  2208. 
PsyllidsB  of  North  America.    Kotes  on,  2272. 

the  United  States,  2210. 
Pteromalus  pupanim,  2221. 
Pteronarcys,  2267. 
Pterophorns  carduidactylus  n.  sp.,  1059. 

periscelidactylus  =  Oxyptilus  peri- 
scelidactylus. 
Pthirius  pubis.  497. 
Ptinus  brnnnens,  191,  510, 1141. 
Publication.    Discontinuance  of,  2106. 
Publllia  concava,  163. 
Puccinia  graminis,  1605. 
Pulex  irritans,  497. 

penetrans  =  Sarcopsylla  penetrans, 
sp.  feeding  on  lepidopterous  larvse,  2110. 
Pulvinaria  acericola  =  P.  innumerabilis. 

innnmerabilis,  389, 1515, 1816,  2279,2291, 

2355. 
maclursB  =  P.  innumerabilis. 
vitis,  106, 1212. 
Punctured  grape-caues,  513, 1333. 
Punctures  of  Hemiptera  upon  shrubs,  fruits,  and 
grains.    "VVebster,  F.  M.    Experiments  on  the 
effects  of,  2382. 
Punctures  on  rose  twig,  1167. 
Pupa  of  the  disippus  butterfly,  1193. 
Pupae.    Habits  of,  346. 

How  to  hatch,  509. 
Pupation  of  butterflies.    Philosophy  of  the,  1711. 

Nymphalida-,  1704. 
Purged  Ophion,  1127. 
Purple  willow  Gracilaria,  2363. 
Purslane.    Insect  affecting. 

Deilephila  lineata,  1402. 
Putnam,  J.  D.    Obituary,  2054. 
Pyralid  infesting  seed-pods  of  trumpet- vine,  1929. 
Pyralis  farinalis  =  Asopia  farinalis. 

olinalis  =  Asopia  olinalis. 
Pyrameis  atalanta,  540. 

cardui,  1635, 1770. 
Pyramidal  grape-vine  worm,  1301. 
Pyrethrnm.    Additional  experiments  with,  1903. 
cinerariasfolium,  1996,  2235. 
Cultivation  of,  1984. 
Directions  for  cultivating,  1996. 

raising,  1862. 
Experiments  with,  1948,  2353. 
an  important  insecticide,  2131. 
powder.    Manufacture  of,  1984. 
roseum,  1996,  2119,  2343. 
for  the  screw-worm,  1921. 
in  the  United  States.    Additional 

notes  on  the  cultivation  of,  2377. 
The  use  of,  1858. 
its  use  as  an  insecticide,  2119. 


Pyrethrum  willemoti,  2343. 
Pyrophila  conspersa,  1301. 

pyramidea,  785, 1301. 
pyramidoides,  671,  785, 1301, 1471. 

Hibernation  of,  1471. 
Pyrrharctia  Isabella,  244,  558,  909, 1153, 1311, 1802. 
Pyrrhia  exprimens,  677. 
Quackery.    Entomological,  439. 
Quacks  and  physicians,  282. 
Quedius,  1311. 

Queen  bees  in  the  mails,  1762. 
Quelques  mots  sur  le  insecticides,  2283. 
Quercus  acuminata.     Cynips  on,  1822. 

coccifera.    Phylloxera  on,  1421. 
douglassi.    Gall  on,  1967. 
Galls  on  the  prinus  group  of,  1606. 
infectoria.    Gall  on,  1560. 
muhlenbergi.    Cynips  on,  1925. 
palustris.    Coccid  on,  1972. 
undulata.    Galls  on,  1942. 
Queries  answered,  217. 

Bundle  of  entomological,  1463. 
Questions  answered,  1246. 
Quick  traveler,  752. 
Quince  Curculio,  1301. 
Quince.    Insects  affecting. 

Capsus  oblineatus  :=  Lygus  pratensis. 
Conotrachelus  crataegi,  1301. 
Eriocampa  cerasi,  2243. 
Lygus  pratensis,  2. 
Selaudria  cerasi  =  Eriocampa  cerasi. 
Quince.    Saw-fly  on  tte,  2243. 
Rabbit  insects,  290. 

Kace.    Some  further  facts  regarding  that  father- 
less, 1658. 
That  fatherless  and  motherless,  1650. 
Ragweed.    Insects  affecting. 
Epicauta  pennsylvanica,  732. 
Lytta  atrata  --Epicauta  pennsylvanica. 
Railroad  worm,  2238. 
Ranatra,  1709. 

fusca,  797, 1191. 
Range  of  the  rear-horse,  859. 
Ransom  chip-trap  for  Conotrachelus,  1177. 
Ranunculus  acris.    Insects  affecting,  156. 

Curculio  remedy,  1201. 
Rapacious  soldier-bug,  1059. 
Rape  butterfly,  836, 1294. 

our  new  cabbage  pest,  1257. 
Kara  capture  in  Illinois,  1271. 

monstro.sities,  2224. 
Rasahus  biguttatus,  497. 
Rascal  leafcrumpler,  341,  373, 1311, 1580. 

in  Georgia,  1962. 
Raspberries.    Do  bees  injure,  529. 

destroyed  by  weevils,  1788. 
Raspberry  borer,  783. 
brand,  676. 
canes  dying,  1035. 

Eggs  of  snowy  tree-cricket  in, 
1122. 
tree-cricket  in,  1006. 
Gouty  gall  on  blackberry  and, 

1771. 
punctured  by  Orehelimum  gla- 
berrimum,  2249. 


INDEX. 


439 


Raspberry  iJeonieter.  lOftii. 
gouty  gall,  UJ4. 

aud  grape-viues.     £gg  puncturt-H  in, 
2195. 
Raspbkruy.    Insects  afkkciixc. 

-Kgeiia  rubi  ■=  Bpinbecia  luargiuata. 

Agrilu8  rnficollis,  1124, 1771. 

Belli becia  marginata,  1363.  145;!. 

('biuu:t:«pi8  furfurus,  19C8. 

Diaspis  barrisii  =  Chionaspis  furfurus. 

Dipteron,  676. 

Monopbaduus  rubi,  663,  761,  1212, 1641. 

Oberea  bimaculata,  783, 1363. 

perspicillata  =  O.  bimaculata. 
tripunetata,  1503. 
CEcantbus  niveus,  961,  1006,  1122,  1503,  1691, 

2195. 
Orcbelimum  glabeiTiuiuru,  2249. 
Otiorbyncbus  picipes,  178S. 
Rbodites  radicuiu,  1149. 
Selaudria  rubi  =  Monophadnas  rubi. 
SjDcblora  rnbivoraria,  1059. 
Raspberry -root  borer,  1363. 
gall,  1149. 
saw-fly,  1212, 1641. 
Scale  insect  on,  1968. 
worms,  663,  761. 
Ra^tailed  larva,  168. 
Katzeburg.     Forest  trees  and  weeds  of  Germany 

(review),  1110. 
Rear-horse,  1059. 

Eggs  of  tbe  Mantis  or,  1060. 
Range  of  tbe.  859. 
Rear-borses  vg.  grasshoppers,  590. 
Record  of  American  entomology  (review),  827. 
Red  ants,  2309. 

cedar  caterpillars,  427. 

clover.     Bumble,  bees  and,  2376. 

humped  caterpillar,  788. 

prominent,  61,  2291. 
leg.    Tbe  cussed.  1598. 
legged  ham-beetle,  1363. 

locust,  1423,  1625,  2363. 
maple.    Ocellate  Iraf-gall  of  the,  2119. 
mites,  1959. 

Transformation  of  the,  1632. 
scale.     California,  2394. 

Koebele,  A.,  experiments  on  the,  2394. 
shouldered  Sinoxylon,  1311. 
spider,  1146, 1225, 1710. 
on  roses,  1710. 
tailed  Tachina  fly,  1127. 
weevil,  711. 
Reddish  snout  beetle  on  apple.     Small,  1244. 

yellow  spruce  bud-worm,  2291. 
Reduvius  personatus  =  Ojisictetus  personatna. 

raptatorum  =:  Sinea  diadema. 
Regal  walnut  caterpillar,  425. 
Regulating  sei  in  insects,  1415. 
Remarks,  206,  255. 
Remedies  and  appliances,  2375. 
More  universal,  278. 
Universal,  204,  503,  818. 
Remedy.     Another  universal,  2.32. 
Report  of   committee  of   entomology,  111.    State 
*  Hortic.  Soc,  1056. 


Report  of   committee  of  oiilnroology,   Mo.  State 

llnrtic.  S4K„  1113.  1127. 

experiineiitM,   cbietly    with    keroKeDf, 

upon  insects  iiijuriuusly  atfectingtbe 

orange-tre((  aud  cotton-plant,  2164. 

to  governor  of  Kan  huh  on  tbe  grastihopper 

question,  1573. 
on  Lucilia  iiiucellariH,  2199. 
of  State  euloiiiologist  of  Illinois,     1,    373. 
Missonri,  1.  1059. 

2,  1127. 

3,  1301. 

4,  1311. 

5,  1329. 

6,  1363. 

7,  1423. 

8,  14W. 

9,  l.'i7'J. 
Index,  2020. 

n.S.Ent.  Commission,  1,  1643. 

2.  1959. 

3.  2267. 

4.  2343. 

U.  S.  Entomologist    for      1878,  ITJl. 
1881-'82,  2119. 

1883,  2232. 

1884,  2291. 

1885,  2363. 

1886,  2394. 
1887,  2418. 

Reports.    Missouri  entomological,  1680. 

U.  S.  Entomological  ('ommisSion,  1757. 
Resemblances.  Mimicry  or  protective,  1301, 1340. 
Resistance  of  grape-vines  to  Phylloxera  in  sandy 

soil,  2250. 
Retarded  development  in  a  blister-l>eetle,  1860. 
of  insecU,  2040. 
Remarkable  case  of  2003, 
2005. 
Retirement  of  Mr.  Fuller,  1910. 
Revision  of  the  Lampyridie,  1819. 
Rhagium  lincatum,  2267. 
Rheum  rbaponticum.     Aailus  sericeus  feeding  on, 

1543. 
Rhinoceros  beetle.    Gigantic,  580, 1216,  1292. 
Rhinopsylla  n.  g.,  2272. 

scbwarzii  ;i.  tp..  2272. 
Rbipiphorus  sp.,  2301. 

Tipbia  and, '2351. 
Rhizotrogus  sp..  2260. 
Rhodites,  123-.. 

bicolor,  1037,  J 194,  1245. 
radicum.  137,  1149. 
rosiP,  570, 1166.  1039. 
RbodobiEuus  I3punctatu8.  1301,  2119. 
Rhodopbora  floriila,  807, 1273. 
Rhopalocera,  16.35,  1784. 
Rbopalosipbum.  167& 
RhopaluM,  372. 

Rhun  glabra.     Insects  on,  320. 
Rhyncbopbora,  254,  1301. 
Rhyncbophorus  zimmeimanni,  2119. 
Rbyssa,  385. 

atrata  —  Tbalessa  atrata. 
not  ligr.ivoroas,  2286. 
lanator  =  Tbalessa  lunator. 


440 


INDEX. 


Eibes  insects,  772. 

Eice  crop.    Enemies  of  the,  273. 

grub,  2119. 
Rice.    Insects  affecting. 
Acridiuni  obscurum,  2119. 
Cecidomyia  oryzie,  1949. 

Chalepua  tiachypygus,  273,1911,1949,1973,2119. 
Chilo  oryzasellus,  2119,  2120. 
Laphygiua  frugiperda,  2011. 
Lissorhoptnis  simplex,  273, 1911, 1973,  2119. 
Murmidus  ovalis,  2217. 
Rice.    Insects  affecting  stored,  2190. 

enemies  of  growing,  1911. 
plant.     Another  enemy  of  the,  2011. 
Insect  enemies  of  the,  1949. 
Insects  aflfecting,  2119. 
Water  weevil  of  the,  1973. 
stalk  borer,  2119. 

New,  2120. 
weevil,  1683. 
Ricinis  communis.     Acrididfe  feeding  on,  1645. 
Ridding  the  ground  of  cut-worms,  2310. 
l.iley  to  Dr.  Schaffer.    Entomology.     Professor, 
2360. 
in  favor  of  the  birds.    Professor,  1675. 
Letter  from  Prof.  C.  V..  1676. 
and  the  locusts.    Professor,  1434. 

Yucca  moth.     Professor,  2068. 
Riley's  report  to  the  governor  of  Kansas.    Pro- 
fessor, 1573. 
researches,  2067. 
Ring-baflded  soldier-bug,  1311. 

legged  Pimpla,  1329. 
Robber.    Many-bauded,  1059, 1423. 
Robin.    Cut-worms  from  the  stomach  of,  1873. 

Insects  from  the  stomach  of,  1926. 
Rock-bass.  Insects  from  stomach  of,  1793. 
Rocky  Mountain  grasshopper,  1557. 

locust,  1423, 1451,  1452,  1482. 1538, 
1557,    1570,    1625,   1643, 
1959, 199a,  2267, 2291. 
Bruner,  L.,  observations 
in    the    Northwest  on 
the,  2165. 
in    1880.     Martin,  J.,  on 
the,  2267. 
1885.     Bruner,  L.,  re- 
portontheabundance 
of  the,  2363. 
Geographical      distribu- 
tion of  the,  2267. 
or  grasshopper.    Gover- 
nors of  Western  States 
on  the,  1557. 
Important    observations 

on,  1575. 
Lecture  on  the,  1493. 
in  Montana  in  1880.    Bru- 
ner, L.,  2267. 
Natural  history  of  the, 

1578. 
and  other  insects  in  the 
Northwest  during  the 
summer  of  1883.  Bru- 
ner, L.,  observations  on 
the,  2277. 


Rocky  Mountain  locust.   Philosophy  of  the  move- 
ments of  the,  1669. 
scourge,  1629. 
in   Wyoming,   Montana, 
etc.,  in  1881.    Bruner, 
L.,  the,  2267. 
Rocky  Mountains.    Excursion  to,  988. 
Rogaa  u.  sp.,  879. 

.sp.,  1002. 
Roller.    Strawberry-leaf,  984, 1059, 1574. 
Roman-nosed  pupa,  1217. 
Rooms.    Swarms  of  minute  flies  in,  596. 
Root  Aphis,  990, 1038. 

Apple-borer  and,  1038, 
blight.     Apple,  997. 
borer,  981. 

Raspberry,  1363. 
lice.    Knots  on  apple-tree  roots  caused  by, 

1187. 
louse.    Barley,  2394. 

Syrphus-fly,  1059. 
Roots  of  Ampelopsis.    Swellings  on,  1428. 

Insects  affecting  apple-tree,  963. 
Rosaceae.    Diastrophus  confined  to,  1131. 

insects,  1149. 
Rose.    Bedeguar  of  the,  1939. 
beetle,  361. 

in  California.    Fuller's,  1740. 
Fuller's,  1708, 1721,  2291. 
Habits  of  Fuller's,  1708. 
Not  FuUer's,  1825. 
bug,  373, 1075. 

on  apples,  748. 
Rose  bug  remedy,  1478. 
bugs,  1278. 

bushes.    Bark-lice  on,  1303. 
chafer,  1329, 1583. 
chafers  on  grape-vines,  1375. 
gall,  1235. 

Mossy,  570, 1166. 
Prickly,  1194, 1245. 
galls.    Oak  and,  1037. 
Rose.    Insects  affecting. 

Aramigus  fulleri,  1708, 1721, 1740. 
Cynips  bicolor  =  Rhodites  bicolor. 
Diaspis  rosse,  1303. 

Heliothis  marginidens  =  Pyrrhia  exprimens. 
Lecanium  oleje,  1303. 
ros»,  1303. 
Macrodactylus  subspinosus,  361,  373,1075,1329, 

1375,  1478, 1583. 
Monostegia  rosae,  672, 1780. 
Pyrrhia  exprimens,  677. 
Rhodites  bicolor,  1037. 

rosa;,     570,     1037,     1166,    1194,    1245, 

1939. 
sp.,  1235. 
Selandria  rosa;  =  Monostegia  rosae. 
Tetranychus  telarius,  1710. 
Rose-slug,  672, 1780. 

twig.     Puncture  on.  1167. 
worms,  677. 
Roses.     Failure  of  tea,  1708. 

The  red  spider  on,  1710. 
Rot  in  plums.  Preventing,  1685. 
Rotten  root,  758. 


INDEX. 


441 


Round-headed  apple-tree  borer,  1059, 1608,  22;!8. 

New   fucts   about 

the,  1630. 
Oviposition  of  the, 
2266. 
Rove  beetle.     Spotted,  1123. 

beetles,  1558. 
R<iyal  homed  eiiterpiller,  702, 803, 860, 1275. 
Kubu.siu.seets.  1,'>03, 
Kudbeckia.     Aphid  on,  2205. 
KLUUECKIA.      IXSKCTt;   AFKECTIXG. 

Jfectarciphora  rndbeckia',  2205. 
Siphonophobra    rudbeckiw  =  Nectarophora 
rudbeckia'. 
Rue.    Papilio  asterias  on,  1512. 

worms,  1512. 
liuiuex  iuaects,  1165. 
Russia.     FJxcessive   injury  done  by  a  beetle  in, 

1935. 
Raat.     GraiH  Ai)his  vs..  1806. 

and  Hessian-tiy.     Wheat,  160.5. 
of  orange,  2308. 

Hubbard,    H.    G.      Report   on, 
2291. 
red  social  wasp,  1329, 1558. 
Rustic.    Corn,  1059. 
Ruta  grav-e(dens.     Insecia  on,  1512. 
Rye.     Beetle  working  in  wheat,  oat.s,  and,  1259. 
gall-;;uat,  Loew,  H.     Description  of,  2267. 

RVE.     IXSF.CTS  AFFECTING. 

Cecidoniyia  secalina,  2207. 
Silvanus  surinamensis,  ]2')9. 
Tenebrio  molitor,  72. 
Rye.    "Worms  in  flour  and,  72. 
Saek  bearers,  1052. 

Saddle-back  caterpillars,  60, 161, 424,  829, 1092. 
Sago.     Galls  growing  on  wild,  1347. 
St.  Louis  Academy  of  Sciem-e.     Presidential  ad- 

dres-s,  1564, 1629. 
Sale  of  silk-worm  eggs,  1908. 
Salivary  glands  of  Phylloxera,  1087. 
Salis.    Galls  of  Cecidoniyidai  on,  46, 197. 
nigra.     Vanessa  antioi)a  on,  1609. 
Salt  and  vinegar  for  insects,  937. 

water  insects  tised  as  food,  2203, 
Salutatorj-,  386. 

Samia  cecropia  =  Attacus  cecropia. 
Columbia  =  Attacus  Columbia, 
cynthia  =:  Attacus  cynthia. 

The  ailantbus  silk-worm,  1718. 
Food-plants  of,  2204. 
ricini  :=  Attacus  ricini. 
San  Joaquin   Valley,  California.     Coi|uiIlett,   D. 

W.     Report  on  locusts  of,  2363. 
Sandy  soil.     The  Phylloxera  in,  2250. 
Sannina  exitiosa,  55,  587,  617,  871,  1017. 1059, 1070, 

1475, 1513,  2238. 
Saperda,  379, 9:{4,  2267. 

bivittata  =  S.  cantlida. 

Oviposition  of,  1621. 
calcarata,  71,  903. 1849. 
Candida,  2,  6,  .55,  57.277,377,421,578,714. 
870,  939.  962,  1023,  1038,  10.56,  1059, 
121,3,  1227.  1.332,  1367,  1441,1.51.3, 
1608, 1621, 1630, 2230,  2238,  2266. 
lateralis.  583. 


Sapenda.     Vuriatiun  in  the  two  striped,  1213, 

on  willow,  2267. 
Sarcophagn,  1390. 

eamaria,  1390,  U.iL',  SM.i. 
lineata  di'Slructivn  to  locustH  in  Dar- 
danelles, 2075. 
sarraceniie  n.yp.,  1385, 1390,2343. 
Sarcojdiagida',  2256. 
Sarcoptes  seabiei,  497. 
Sarcopsylla  penetrans,  412,497. 
Sarraeeuia   vari(dariH.     Descrijition   and   natural 
history  of  two   insectii 
which   bravo   the  dan- 
gers of,  1390. 
Insectcatcliing  habits  of. 
13a5. 1390. 
Sarracenias,  1409. 
.Satellite  Sphinx,  1127. 
Saturnia  io  —  Hyperchiria  io. 

maia  ^=  Ileniilenca  maia. 
Sauce.     Maggots  in,  1607. 

Savin  twigs.    Eggs  of  periodical  (Mcada  in,  698. 
Saw-flies,  294. 

Spruce-tree,  115. 
Saw-fly.    Ash,  2291. 
eggs,  108. 
Elm-tree,  699. 
Gooseberry,  140. 

Imported, 228,  333. 
Grape,  2291. 
Larch,  22.32. 
Large,  1514. 

larva'  on  the  quince,  2243. 
Plum,  2291. 
Raspberry,  1212, 1641. 
Strawberry,  241H. 
Scab  in  apple  m.  ajuiletree  ))]ant-li<'e,  1139. 

potato,  SM. 
Scabby  potatoes,  1444. 
Scale  on  acacias.    Large  wiiite,  1730. 
Cottony  roaple,  1816,  2291. 
on  Euonymus  lalifolia,  2403. 
insect  on  majile,  1890. 

Cottony,  1515. 
Pine-loaf,  1329. 
on  raspberry,  1968. 
Scale  insects  atleetiiig  the  onuige.     Kxperiment« 
on, 2161. 
Co(|uilli'tt,D.  W.,  gas  treatment  for. 

2418. 
Ex'pi-riments  on,  2232. 
Introduction  unil  spread  of,  2232. 
Koeliolc,   A.,  experimentM    ngainst, 

2418. 
on  magnolia,  1377. 
M.tliods  of  destroying,  2119. 
N<-w  Species  of,  1919. 
of  the  orange,  2119,  2309. 

in  Florida.     Voyle,  J., 
repcirt  on  the  i-flVcts 
of  cold,  2277. 
Thii  n»»!  of  gases  ugaiusi,  2389 
White-pine,  97. 
Scales,  218. 

Apple-tree,  CD. 
Scarites  sublerrancns,  80.5. 


442 


INDEX. 


Scarlet  mite,  1470. 
Scarred  apple  trees,  951. 

Scavenger?    Is  Cyrtonoura  a  parasite  or  a,  2102. 
mistaken  for  a  foe,  416. 
not  a  parasite.     Pbora  a,  1923. 
Scelio  ovivora,  1643.  i 

Scenopinus  from  human  lungs.    Larva  of,  1348.        | 
sp.,  2354.  j 

Schadlicherer  Inseckten.    Einige  unserer,  1325. 
Schizoneura  americana  n.  sp.,  1678. 
coinicola,  27. 
fungicola,  27. 
lanigera,  58,  367,  372,  373,  467, 495,  963, 

990,  997, 1038, 1059, 1187. 
rileyi,  1059. 
tessellata,  2301. 
ulmi,  1059. 
Sciapteron  polistiformis,  373, 1301, 1509. 

robinisp,  2410. 
Sciara,  239,  596, 1547, 1662, 1950. 
mali,  211. 
ocellaris,  2119. 
Scientific  names,  101,  430,  826. 

nomenclature,  303,  768. 
symbols,  405. 
Scolopendra  castanipes,  834. 
Scolytus  carya  n.  «p.,  220,  938  =  S.  4-spino8U!J. 
destructor,  938, 1329. 
fagi  11.  sp.,  220. 
Food-habits  of,  1940. 
Hickory,  1754. 
Imported  orchard,  2233. 
pyri  =  Xyleborus  pyri. 
quadrispiuosus,  220,  938,  1329, 1401, 1754. 
rugulosus,  1940,  2233. 
Synoptic  table  of,  220. 
Scorpion  in  Kansas,  1119. 
Scorpions,  453. 
Scotch  and  Austrian  pines.    False  caterpillars  on 

the,  1011. 
Scrape  our  trees  ?    Shall  we,  1399. 
Screw-worm,  209. 

in  Central  America.    Prevalcuce  of 

the,  2158. 
its  parentage  in  doubt,  1880. 
Pyretbrum  for  the,  1921. 
Scudderia  curvicauda,  1363,  2241. 
Sctirfy  apple-bark  louse,  2305. 
Scymuus  cervicalis,  1059. 
l.Kmorrhous,  151. 
sp.,  151. 
Scyphophorus  yuccae,  1602. 

Second  report  State  entomologist  of   Missouri, 
1127. 

TJ.  S.   Entomological    Commission, 
1957. 
Secretion  on  stems  of  bitter-sweet.     White,  waxy, 

1913. 
Seed  corn  maggot,  657, 1059, 1065. 

grain.     Chinch-bug  not  in,  888. 
peas  from  bugs.     To  keep,  434. 
ticks  under  bark  of  apple-trees,  1133. 
weevil.     Honey  locust,  1026. 
Seeds  and  galls.     Jumping,  1496,  2163,  2173. 
Segments  in  head  of  winged  insects.    Packard,  A. 
S.    Number  of,  2267. 


Selandria  cerasi  =  Eriocampa  cerasi. 
rosae  =Monostegia  rosaj. 
rubi  =  Monophadnus  rubi. 
vitis  =Blennocampa  pygnia;a. 
Self-taught  entomologists,  276. 
Semasia  helianthana  ti.  sp.,  1968. 

prunivora  n.  sp.,  373  =Grapholitha  pru- 
nivora. 
Semiotellus  chalcidipliagus  n.  sp.,  384,  563. 

destructor,  1581. 
Send  plenty  of  specimens,  592. 
Senometopia  atropivora,  2343. 

militaris  n.sp.,  6. 
Serica  iricolor,  74. 

vespertina,  1140. 
Sericaria  mori,  45,  542,  1311,  1346,  1609,  1616,  1648, 
1718,  1721,  1724,  1753,  1945,  2062. 
2234,  2381. 
Length  and  weight  of  thread  of, 
1359, 
Sericornis  claypoleana    n.    sp).,   2114  ^  Stegano- 
ptycha  claypo'eana. 
instnitana  =  Steganoptycha    claypo- 
leana. 
Serrell  automatic  silk-reel.    Walker,  P.,  2388. 
Sesia  pelasgus  =  Hemaris  thysbe. 
Seventeen-year  Cicada,  1034, 1093, 1698,  2312,  2314. 
in  Iowa,  1737. 
Periodical  or,  2312,  2314. 
Sting  of  the,  407. 
locust,  370,  884,  1489, 1971,  1979. 
or  thirteen-year  locust.     Periodi- 
cal Cicada,  alias  the,  1159. 
Seventh  report  State  entomologist  of  Missouri, 

1423. 
Severe  cold  on  insects.     Effects  of,  2037. 
Sex  in  butterflies.     Controlling,  1352. 

insects.     Regulating,  1415. 
Shad.     Terrestrial  insects  in  stomach  of,  1853. 
Shade   trees    and  their  insect  defoliators,   2378, 

2379. 
Shaffer.     Entomology.    Prof.  Riley  to  Dr.,  2360. 
Shagreened  cut-worm,  2291. 
Shall  we  scrape  our  trees,  1399. 
Shedding  of  trachese.  and  double  <n(M  w   \'\'t. 
Sheep  bot,  450. 

fly,  2238. 
gad-fly,  887. 
Sheldon's  borer  remedy,  195. 
Shell-bark  hickory.     Citheronia  regalis  on,  775. 
Shimer,  H.,  criticised  by  B.  I).  Walsh,  174. 
Shrubs,  fruit,  and  grains.     Webster,  F.  M.     Ex- 
periments on  the  effectof  pnntiireof  Hemiptera 
on,  2386. 
SialidiC,  2267. 
Sialis  iufumata,  39. 
Sigalphus  Curculio  parasite,  1301. 
curculionis,  1751, 1795. 
rufus  11.  A-p.,  1301  =  var.  of  curculionis. 
Silesia  in  1869.     Cohn,  F.     He.ssiau-fly  in,  2267. 
Silk-culture,  1668, 1753, 2119,  2291,  2363, 2394. 

in  California.     Promotion  of,  2000. 

the  colonies,  2278. 
how  to  di.spose  of  cocoons,  1881. 
in  Kansas,  1542. 
Profits  of,  2338. 


INDEX. 


443 


Silk  culture  iu  thu  United  States,  1668,  1945,  2070. 
2196, 2336. 
WalkiT,  P.,24I8. 
fiber  from  cocoous  raised  at  tho  Departniout. 

McMurtrie,  W.    Test  of,  2253. 
industry  iu  the  Uuited  States  (Review), 2268. 
producer.     Antheraea  yama  niaia  as  a,  1346. 
reel.     "Walker  P.  Serrell's  automatic,  2386. 
spiders,  830. 
Silk-worm,  2095. 

Ailanthns,  899. 1311. 
breeding.  1648. 
Cecropia,  1311. 
Circular,  2303. 
cocoons,  1-486. 
eggs,  1114, 1753. 

Japanese  mode  of  packing,  1616. 
prices  and  where  obtained,  2062. 
Sale  of,  1908,  2303. 
Length  and  weight  of  the  thread  of 

the,  1359. 
Luna,  1311.- 

Manual  of  the,  1721, 1724. 
in  Missouri.     Ailanthus,  1460. 
Mulberry,  1311. 
naturalized.     Ailanthus,  1179. 
notes,  2232. 

Osage  orange  for  the  mulberry,  1220, 
1286. 
vs.  mulberry    for    the, 
2234. 
Perny,  1311. 
Silk-worm.   Polyphemus,  1311. 
Promethea,  1311. 
•     Tus.seh,  1311. 
Taniamai,  1311. 
Silk- worms  fed  with  osage  orange,  1341. 
Food  for,  1318. 

Nomenclature  of  American,  303. 
Silky  mite,  1423, 1625. 
Silpha  americana,  817, 1226. 

peltata  ^^  S.  americana. 
surinamensis,  1259, 1260, 1261. 
Silphurus  femoratus,  39. 
Silvanns.    Grain,  1259. 

in  dried  English  currants,  1260. 
in  flouring-mills,  1201. 
Silver  plate  by  insects.     Damage  to,  2154. 
Sinmlium,  1160,  2291,  2416. 

attacking  mules,  1811. 
feeding  on  other  insects,  2177. 
from  Lake  Superior,  20'i2. 
nieridionale  n.  up.,  2394. 
molcstum.  1174. 
pecuarum  n.  sp..  2394. 
pittipes.  1958,  2032. 
piscidium  n.n/i..  1174.  1283,  1345. 
Sinea  diadema,  34,  638,  731. 
Singular  caterpillar,  880. 
Sinoxylon  basilare.  1311,1747. 

Red  shouldered,  1311. 
Siphonopbora,  1678. 

avena-  —  N.ectaropbora  granaria. 
radbeckiai    =  Nectarophora    nid 
beckiie. 
Sitaris,  1600,  1643. 


'   Sitones  rtavesceuH,  23!)4. 
Sitophilus  grauariuH  =  Calaudra  granaria. 
oryzii-  —  Calaudra  oryza'. 
remotepunctata  —  Calaudra     remot«- 
.  punctata. 

Six   worst    iu.soct    oni'iuiis    of   fruit-growtra    in 

northern  Illinois,  377. 
Sixth  report  State  entomologist  of  Miasouri,  1303. 
Skeletouizer.     Apple-loaf,  1311, 1322. 
Skipper.     Cheese,  1700. 
Skippers  injuring  smoked  ham,  1734. 
Slug  on  pear  and  cherry-trees,  1222. 
Pear-tree,  1382. 
Rose,  672, 1780. 

wonu.    Sjuned,  1150.  , 

Small  apple-leaf  worm,  747. 

l)orer  in  apple-twig,  1458. 
galls  and  minings  in  apple-twigs,  552. 
grains.      A  new  leaf-hopper  injurious  to, 
1767. 
and  grasses.     Webster,  F.  ^(.     In- 
sects afl'ecting.  2394. 
reddish  snout  beetli-  iu  applr,  1244. 
white  bristly  cut-worm,  1059. 
Smallei  cornstalk  borer,  2119. 
Smart  bugs.    Concerning  certain,  565. 
Smeared  dagger,  1301. 
Smeriuthus.     Blind-eyed,  1912. 
excsecatu.s,  1912. 
Smicra  albifrons,  6. 
Smilax.     Agrotis  saucia  injuring,  1941. 

injured  by  cut-worms,  1941. 
Suiilia  auriculata.  118;'.. 
Smith,  E.  A.     The  cotton  belt,  2343. 
Smith,  J.  B.     Report  upon  cranberry  and  hop  in 
sects,  2277. 
Report  upon   insects    affecting  the 
hop  and  the  cranberry,  2291. 
Smith  s  patent  Curculio-trap,  969. 
Smoked  hams.     Skippers  injuring,  17.'}4. 
Smut  in  wheat,  1479. 

Cau.se  of,  1461. 
Snake  of  Brazil.     Ligni lied,  2136. 

worms,  1547. 
Snakes.     Hair.  612,  861, 1143. 

Horse  hair,  612. 
Snellen  von  Vollenhoven.    Obituary,  1817. 
Snout  beetle,  700. 1168,  1302. 

on  apple.     Small  reddiah,  1244. 
Imbricated.  1301,2291. 
Large  gray  straight  liorue<l,  1031 
beetles  injurious  to  fruits,  1302. 
Snow-balls.     Aphiiiida-  on,  1184. 
Lice  on,  1184. 
flea.s,  608. 
Snowy  tree-cricket,  1059, 1329, 2238,  2291. 

in  raspberry  ranen.    Kggn  of, 
1122. 
So-called  army-womis.      Three,  328. 

web-womi  of  young  trout,  1283. 
Soap.    Apply,  1367. 

against  bort-rs.  47. 
Social  wan]..     Rust  red,  1329, 15.S9. 
Social  wiLips,  616. 
Slid  worm,  2418. 
.Soft  maples.     Mat-heade*!  Imrer  in,  12.'>0. 


444 


INDEX. 


Soil.    The  Phylloxera  in  sandy,  2250. 

Soils.    Effects  of  Paris  green  on,  1427 

Solanaceie  insects,  1238. 

Solanum  carolinense.    Cassida  texana  on,  2096. 

Doryphora.juncta  oc,  2096. 
elseagnifolium.    Cassida  texana  on,  2096. 
riea-l)eetle  eating,  1782. 
insects,  1238. 

melongena.  Cassida  texanaon,  2215,  2235. 
Doryphora  .iuncta  on,  2096, 
2215,  2235. 
Solar  physics  and  locust  mnltiplication  and  mi- 
gration.    Swinton,  A.  H.,  2267. 
Soldier-teetle  larvae,  1643. 

Pennsylvania,  1059. 
bng,  1558,  2291. 

Bordered,  1059. 
Glassy-winged,  1301. 
EaiJacious,  1059. 
Ring-banded,  1311. 
Rpined,  456, 1059, 1311, 1329, 1523. 
Solenobia,  38,  943.- 
Solenopsis  geminata,  2105. 

xylonii  ^=  S.  geminata. 
Solidago.     Aphid  on,  220.5. 
gall  moth,  1059f. 

Grapholithaolivaceana  bred  from,  2285. 
leaves.    Galls  on,  1924. 
neraoralis.  Cecidomyia  carbonifera  on, 
1924. 
Song  notes  of  the  periodical  Cicada,  2334. 
Sorghum.    Nola  sorghiella  on,  2119. 
Sorghum  web-worra,  2119. 

Sound  organs  in  sphingid  pupse.    Probable,  2101. 
South  America.     Report  on  cotton  crop  and  its 
enemies  in,  2343. 
American  lepidoptera.     Notes  on,  1784. 
Entomologica"!  ignorance  in  the,  390. 
Field  for  the  entomologist  in  the,  1109. 
Frnit-culture  in  the,  2265. 
The  imported  cabbage- worm  in  the,  1714. 
Muscle-shape  hark -louse  on  apple  trees  in 

the,  1774. 
Notes  from  the,  1657. 
Paas,  111.    The  bag-worm  at,  11 56. 
side  of  trees.    Apple-tree  borers  on,  634. 
west.    Economic  investigations  in  the,  1864. 
Southern  buffalo-gnat,  2291, 2394,  2418. 

cabbage-butterfly,  1127,  2232,  2238. 
grass- worm,  1127. 

Illinois.    Entomological  tour  in,  372. 
Sowing  cotton  seeds  in  hot-beds,  1772. 
Spain.     Phylloxera  congress  in,  1906. 
Span-worms.    Gooseberry,  1068, 1570. 
Sparrow.    Anent  the  English,  1667. 

as  an  insect  killer.     Worthlessness  of 
the,  2413. 
Spathius  trifasciatus  n.  sp.,  1329. 
Spattered-copi)er  underwing,  1301. 
Spearman.    Larva  of  the  ten-striped,  866. 

Ten-striped,  32. 
Species.    Geographical  range  of,  1614. 
Old  question  of,  2201. 
of  Otiorhynchidai  injurious  to  cultiva- 
ted plants,  2117. 
Phytophagic,  45,  50. 


I   Species.     Theory  of,  384. 
Specific  for  the  Colorado  potato  beetle,  1490. 
names.     Capitalizing,  2170,  2257. 
I  value  of  Apatiira  aliciiie,  1977. 

I   Specimens  lost,  1210. 
j  Send  plenty  of,  593. 

I   Speckled  cut-worm,  1059,  2291. 

Specters.     Walking-sticks  or,  1395. 
I   Spectrum  bivittatum,  1298. 

femoratum  =  Diapheromera  femorata. 
Speculations  of  the  New  England  school  of  nat- 
uralists. Entomological,  44. 
Professor  Dana  and  his  entomolog- 
ical, 82. 
Spermophagus  robinise,  1020, 1474.     ■ 
Sphicria  morbosa,  930. 
Sphaerophthalma  occidentalis,  814,  832,  858. 
Sphecida'.     Table  of  genera  of,  375. 
Sphecins  specio.sus,  371,  372,  407,  543,  858,  2014. 
Sphenoi)hori  that  attack  corn.     Larval  habits  of, 

2030. 
Sphenophorus.  Cocklebur,  1301. 
Corn.  1301. 
Grain,  2303,  2394. 
parvulus,  2394. 
robustus,  2030,  2119. 
sculptilis,  337, 1042, 1301. 
zeic  n.  sp.,  337  =:  S.  sculptilis. 
Sphex  ichneumonea,  543. 
Sphida  obliquata.  2357. 
Sphingicampa  n.  g.,  40. 

bicolor,  40,  45. 
Sphingicampa  di.stigma  n.  sp.,  40  =  S.  bicolor. 
Sphingid  pupa.     Probable  soiind  organ  in,  2101.    . 
Sphingidas  771, 1089,  1277, 1418, 1419,  \l<n,  1784,2101. 
Sphinx.     Abbot,  1127, 1248, 1277. 
Achemon,  1127. 
atropos,  2101. 

Carolina  =  Protoparce  Carolina, 
catalpa-  =:  Ceratomia  catalpse. 
hageni  ^  Ceratomia  hageni. 
Larva  of  Abbot,  1248, 1277. 

Aquatic,  1951. 
Osage  orange,  2119. 
5maculata  ^  Protoparce  celeus. 
Satellite.  1127. 

White-lined  morning,  630, 1198,1301,1643, 
2291. 
Sphyracephala  brevicornis,  299. 
Spider  egg-nest.     Mud- wasp  and,  1847. 

Egg  sacks  of  some  unknown,  1144. 
Ladder,  1299. 
and  nest,  1869. 
Poisonous,  2306. 
Red,  1146, 1225, 1710. 
on  roses.     Red,  1710. 
Wort  owlet-moth,  1301. 
Spiders,  217. 

Grape  leaf-folders  eaten  by,  468. 
Jumping,  2302. 
Silk,  830. 

Trees  injured  by,  2409. 
Si'ilochalcis  niarise,  1112. 
Spilonota  oculana  ;=  Tmetocera  ocellana 
Spilosoma  acraja,  2343. 

virginica,  296,  454. 1202, 1307. 


INDEX. 


445 


Spimlle-worms,  331. 
Spined  sluK-wi>rni.  1150. 

aolilier-bnjr.  -456,  1059,  lUll,  1329,  l.VJS. 
spiiltT.  813. 
Spirobohisniirsinatus,  16C,  963,  1025. 
SpittU'  ius(H't,93. 
Spotted  lady  bird,  599. 
Pelidnota,  1301. 
rove-beetle,  1123. 

tonch-iuo-not.      Cecidoniyia    iiupatientis 
on,  852. 
Calls  on,  852. 
mnipet-li'af.      Insects    a.ssociated   with, 
1385,  1390. 
Spraying  trees  forprotei-tion  against  insects.    Ira 

proved  method  of.  2211. 
Spread  of  Pieris  rapa-  into  Alabama,  1720. 

scale  insects.     Introduction  and,  2232. 
Spring  canker-worm,  1423,  1482.  2238. 

Howell,  M.  A.    Experience 
with,  2267. 
Locu.-*t  injury  next,  1555. 
tails,  317. 
Sprinklers  and  atomizers,  1857. 
Spr\Ke-bortr.     Flat-headed,  2267. 
bud.     Tortrix,  2232. 

worm.    Reddish  yellow,  2291. 
Epizeuxis.  2303. 
Spkice.    Insects  affectixc;. 
Eftizeuxis,  2363. 
Lopliyrns  abietis,  115. 
Melanophila,  2267. 
Nematus  integer,  2232. 
Plume  moth.  2303. 
Therina.  2363. 
Tortrix  fumiferana,  2332. 
Spruce.     Xematus,  2232. 

plume-moth,  2363. 
Therina,  2363. 
tree  sawfiies,  115. 
Squares.  Butterfly  larva-  injurious  to  cotton,  1872. 
Squash-borer,  378, 1127. 

bug,  409,  867, 1059, 

does  not  touch  the   white  bush  scol- 
lop, 825. 
GloTified,  262. 
SyUA.sii.    Insects  affectixc;. 
Anasa  tristis.  409,  82.'^. 
Corens  tristis  =  Ana.sa  tristis. 
Diabrotica  vittata,  355. 
Epilachna  boreali.s,  125. 
Melitiia  <eto,  125,  248, 378. 
Trochilinni  cucurbita-  =  Melittia  coto. 
Sqnash-vine  borer.  248. 

insects,  125,  355. 
Squirrel-bot,  526. 
Stag-beetle,  9.57, 1517. 

Horns  of  the,  755. 
Stalk-borer,  1558, 159.5, 1646,  2291. 
Bahlia,  862. 1009. 

and  aster,  940. 
Rice,  2119. 
Tomato,  694, 976. 
weevil.     Potato.  1558. 
Staphylinida'  wanted.     American,  1786, 
Staphylinns  maculosus,  1 123, 1186. 


State  entomologigt  of  IllinoiH,  :i27. 

fur  MiniieMota,  llOK. 
New  Vork.  1H0.1. 
One  day '.H  journal  of  a,  383. 
Status  and  future  ]>rospectH  of  Hillvculturo  in  the 

United  States,  2330. 
Steele,  J.  P.,  report  on  cotton  insects,  2343. 
Steganoptvchii  claypoleana  ;i.*p.,2206. 
Stick-bug,  448. 

Stictonotus  isoson\atis  n.  up.,  2119. 
Still  they  con)e,  908. 
Sting?    Do  locusts.  371. 

of  the  seventeen-year,  407_ 
Stinging  bug,  778. 

caterpillars,  1748. 
larvie,760,811,13J9. 
Stings  of  bees,  110. 

in.sect.s,  110,  217. 
Stiretms  anchorago.  372. 

fimbriatus  :^  S.  anchorage*. 
Stizus  brovlpennis  n.iip.,  375  i=  Megastizus  brevi- 
pennis. 
grandis  =  Spliecins  speciosua. 
speciosus  =:  Sphecins  speciosua. 
Stock.     Insect  injurious  to  live,  2238. 
Stomach  of  black-ba.ss.    Larv.-e  in,  1792. 

blue-bird.    Ichneumon  in,  1878. 

LarviP  from,  1871. 
cat-bird.     Tipula  eggs  in,  17.35, 1745. 
lark,  robin,  and  sun-flsh.    Insect  from, 

1926. 
meadow-lark.    Beetles  in,  1013. 
robin.    Cut- worms  from,  1873. 
rock-bass.    lu.sects  from,  1793. 
shad.    Terrestrial  in.sects  in,  1853. 
Stomoxys  calcitrans,  864. 
Stored  corn.    Serious  injury  to,  1083. 
rice.    Icsects  allecting,  2190. 
Strachla  hisirionica  =  jMurgantia  histrionica. 
Straight-homed  snout-beetle.     Large  gray,  1033 
Strange  bug,  1078. 

Strawjcrry  l)eda.     White-grub  in,  1230. 
boiers,  2385. 
bugs.  637. 
crown-borer,  1301. 

Notes  on,  1393. 
destroyer.  089. 
Eggs  of  bugs  on,  090. 
enemy,  342. 

and  grape-vines.     Injured,  682. 
Strawiif.kkv.     Ixsect.s  akfecti.no. 
.Egeria  imiiropria,  2385. 
Agrotis  tiico.sa,  2321. 
Anarsia  liueatella.  2235. 
Anchylopera   fragaria-  —-  Phoxoptiris   fraga- 

risp. 
Anthonomus  musculus,  2303 
Capsus  obliueatus  -    Lygus  pratensis. 
Cbrysomeliila-,  2235. 
Coiaspis  tiavida,  lOOt. 
Corimelana  pulirariii,  637. 
Cvclocephala  immaculata,  1238. 
Eccopsis  permundana,  2324. 
EmphytuB  maculatus  —  Harpiphonis  macula- 

tus. 
Graphops,  2229. 


446 


INDEX. 


Strawberry.    Insects  affecting— Continued. 
Harpiphonia  macnlatus,  499,  955,  964,1570,1586, 

2324. 
Julus  sp.,  834. 
Lygus  pratensis,  682,  2235. 
Monostegia  rosaj,  984. 
Myriapod,  2235. 
Paria  aterrima,  1004,  2229. 

Phoxopteris  fiagarite,  499,  984, 1059, 1574,  2324. 
Polydesmus  serratus,  342. 

8p.,834. 
Saw-fly,  2418. 

SelaaJria  rosae  ==  Monostegia  rosae. 
Tyloderma  fragariBe,  1301, 1393. 
Strawberry  leaf-ioller,  984, 10.59, 1574. 
A  new  enemy  to,  1904. 
Pests  of  the,  2324. 
saw-fly,  2418. 
weevil,  23C3. 
worm,  955,  965, 1570. 

and  remedy,  1586. 
worm,  499. 
Streaked  cottonwood  leaf-beetle,  2291. 
Striped-beetle,  2291. 

blister-beetle,  1059, 1230, 1558. 
bng,  123, 175. 
cucnraber-beeile,  773, 1127,  2238. 

bug,  148. 
flea-beetle,  2291. 
Sturnella  magna.   Contents  of  the  stomach  of,  1013. 
Subaugular  ground  beetle,  1059. 
Subscribers.     To  our,  1106. 
Subterranean  mites.     Description  of  new,  1370. 
Successful  management  of  the  most  destructive 

orange  insects,  2088. 
Successor.     Mr.  Walsh's,  1105. 
Sucking  organs  of  bees,  wasps,  and  flies,  2182. 
Sugar-berry.    Leaf-galls  and  caterpillars,  762. 
Orgyia  leucostigma  on,  762. 
cane  in  Brazil ;  Branner,  J.  C.     Insects  in- 
jurious to, 2277. 
Sugar  c.4.xe.    Insect  affecting. 

Ligyrus  rugiceps,  1704. 
Sugar-maple.    Beetle  in,  1014. 
borer.  2291. 
Eggs  on,  350. 
Mite  gall  on,  1265. 
tree-borer,  547. 

SlGAR-TREE.      INSECTS  AFFECTING. 

Arhopalus  speciosus  =:PlagionotU8  speciosus. 
Plagionotus  speciosus,  547. 
Sugaring  for  moths,  1300. 

Xatural,  2138. 
Sulphur  cure  on  peach  trees,  176. 

in  trees,  98,  228, 931, 1154, 1383. 
Sumach-beetle.    Jumping,  1363. 

Eggs  in,  118. 
Sumach.    Insects  affecting. 
Blepharida  rhois,  1363. 
Coccid,  320. 

Orchelimum  sp.,  118.  • 

Xiphidium  sp.,  118. 
Summer.    Anticipated  locust  injury  next,  1615. 
dormancy  of  butterfly  larvse,  1410. 

larva  of  Phyciodea  nyc- 
teis,  1410. 


Sunfish.    Insects  from  stomach  of,  1926. 
Suuspots  and  insect  life,  2094. 
Supposed  army -worm  in  Xew  York  and  the  east- 
em  States,  1990. 
bark-lice  eggs  in  Missouri,  1084. 
cause  of  yellows  in  peach  trees,  515. 
dock.    Galls  on,  1165. 
eggs  of  the  preying  Mantis,  1002. 
hibernating  Aletia  chrysalids,  1927. 
trout  enemy,  1141. 
Swallow-tail.    Larva  of  thoas,  1237. 
Philenor,  1127. 
Thoas,  1268. 
Swallows,  878, 1502. 

Dipterous  larva  on,  153. 
Swarms  of  butterflies,  406, 1050, 
lady-birds,  824. 
minute  flies  in  rooms,  596. 
that   devastate     the     trans-Miasissippi 
country.    Locust,  1674. 
Sweet-potato  beetles,  681, 1510, 1697. 
Sweet-potato.    Insects  affecting. 
Cassida  bivittata  681, 1127, 1510. 
nigripes,  1127, 1510, 1697, 
sp.,  94. 
Casaididie,  993, 1056, 1082, 1127, 1510. 
Coptocycla  aurichalcea,  681, 1127,  1510. 

bivittata  =  Cassida  bivittata. 
guttata,  1127, 1510. 
nigripes  =  Cassida  nigripes. 
Gryllus  .sp.,  2384. 
SweUings  in  apple  scions,  548. 

roots  of  Ampelopsis,  1428. 
Swinton,  A.  H.,  Solar  physics  and  locust  multipli- 
cation and  migration,  2267. 
Switzerland.    Extermination  and    restriction  of 

Pliylloxerain,  2207. 
Sycamore.    Insects  affecting. 
Cerambycid,  2267. 
Lachnus  platanicola,  2138. 
Symbols.     Scientific,  405. 
Synchlora  rubivoraria,  721, 1059. 
Synergus  albipes  =  S.  lana. 
lana,  41. 
lignicola,  41. 
mendax  n.  sp.,  41. 

rhoditiformis  n.  gp.  41  =  S.  lignicola. 
Synonyms  of  parasites,  1932. 
Synophrus  albipes  n.  sp.  =  Synergus  lana. 
Synopsisof  North  American  HeliothjnaB  (Review), 

2178. 
Syntomeida  sp.,  2412. 

Syringa.    Citheronia  regalis  feeding  on,  803. 
Syrphidae.    Larval  habits  of,  168. 
Syrphus-fly.    Eoot-louse,  1059. 
mellinus,  1813. 
sp.,  1251, 1798. 

caught  by  flower  of  Bidens  chrysan- 
tbemoides.  1761. 
Systematic  position  of  the  Orthoptera.    Packard, 
A.  S.,  2267. 
relations    of  Platypsyllua   as   deter- 
mined by  the  larva,  2417. 
Systtechus  leucophaeus,  2355. 

oreas,  1541, 1947, 1959,  2002. 
Taliauus  atratus,  1127. 


INDEX. 


447 


Tabanus,  sp.,  40. 

Table.     On    our,    395,  408,  506,  546,  568.  623,  827, 

1110. 
Tachina  aletia-  n.  »p.,  1712,  2343. 
anonyma  n.  gp.,  1311. 
archippivoia  n.«p.,  1301  =Maaicora  ar- 

chippivora. 
concinnata,  2343. 
flies,  1643, 173C. 
fly,  1558. 

Anonymous,  1423, 1625. 
Cecropia,  1311. 
Red-tailed,  1127. 
Yellow-tailed,  1127, 1625. 
fraterna,  2343. 
phycitae,  1311. 
8p.,  2378. 
villica,  2343. 
Tachinid  eggs,  1914. 
Tachinida?,  66, 1301. 
Ta}r!iopteryx  fasciata,  249. 
Tamarack.    Pieris  tueuapia  feeding  on,  2121. 
Tamariscns.     Xanodca  tamarisci  on,  1496. 
Tansy  for  borers,  1016. 
Tarantula  killer.    Notes  on  the,  823. 
of  Texas.  466,  521, 1178. 
again,  493. 
Tamished  plant-bug,  1127, 1219,2291,2363. 
Tarred  paper  for  fruit  trees,  1568. 
Tat.    Tit  for,  432. 
Tawncy  emperor,  1363. 
Tea  roses.     Failure  of  1708. 

Telea  polyphemus.  244,  542,  629,  635.  841, 1164, 1311. 
Caterpillar  of  765. 
Cocoons  of,  2181. 
TeleuomuH,  2115. 

bifidus,  2378, 2394. 
Telephorid*,  374. 
Telephorus  bilineatus,  1311, 18S5. 
Temnochila  viresceus  =  Trogosita  virescens. 
Ten-lined  potato  beetle,  925. 
striped  spearman.  32. 

Larvae  of  866. 
Tenacity  of  life,  1755. 
Tenebrio  molitor,  72, 191,  980.  2167. 

obsenrus,  191,  216'.. 
Tenebrionidff',  210,5. 
Tent  caterpillar.  642. 

of  the  apple  tree,  336, 1301, 2238, 

2291. 
Eggs  of  the  American,  1329. 
of  the  forest,  645,  688, 1181. 1200 
1301,  1331. 
caterpillars.  363. 

and  fall  web-worms,  819. 
Tentbredinids,  197.  294. 

Descriptions  of  new,  385. 
Larva;  of,  108. 
Tenthredo.     Venation  of  197. 
Teras  Cinderella.  1311. 
malivorana.  1311. 
AVillow.  2363. 
Terias,  1711. 
Termes.  2267. 

Uaripes,  1620.  1729. 
Terrestrial  larvae  in  stomach  ot  shad,  1853. 


Teat  of   machinery   for  destroying    the  cotton- 

worni.    Barnard,  VV.  S.,  2253. 
Teats  of  .silk-llhcr  from  cocoons  raised  at  the  De- 
partment.    McMurtrie,  W..  22.53. 
TetranycbuH  americaniis.  1326. 
irritans,  1320. 
telarlus,  1140,  1225,  1710. 

Means  against,  508. 
Tetraopes  femoratus,  323. 

5-nia('iilatus,  1140. 
tetra(>)>hthalm\is,  323. 
tornator  :i:  T.  tetraophtbalmua. 
Tetrastichns  esnrus,  1712,  2343. 

]>roductus  )t.  «p.,  2332. 
Tettigonia  coaguluta,  1024. 
sp.,  951. 

vitis  =  Typhlocyba  vitis. 
Tettigonida;,  452. 
Tettix  granulata,  1566. 
Texas  again.     Tarantula  of  493. 
fever.     Ticks  and,  404. 

in  1883.     Anderson,  iC.  H.     Cotton-worm  in 
south,  2253. 
spring  of  1886.     Bruner.  L.     Locasts  in, 
2382. 
Tarantula  of,  466,  521, 1178. 
Thalessa,  2286. 

atrata,  338,  477. 
lunator,  1111, 1126,2350. 
Thecla  poeas,  1872. 

Thelaxes  ulmicola  =  Colopha  nlmicola. 
Tlielia  bimaculata,  787. 
Theory.     Plug-ugly,  233. 

wanted.    New  locust,  1532. 
Theridula  sphierula,  2343. 
Therina.     Pine,  2363. 

Spruce,  2303. 
Thersilochus  conotracheli  n.Kp.,  1301,  1751. 
Thick-thiglu-d  walking-stick.  1701. 1721. 
Third  report  State  entomologist  of  Missouri.  1301. 
U.    S.   Entomological     Commission. 
2267. 
Thirteen-year  locust.    The  periodical  Cicada  alias 

the  sevenioen-year  and  the,  1159. 
Thistle.     Beetles  on,  169. 
Thistle.    I.nsixt.s  AKFErriNo. 
Diabrotica  longicornii',  168. 
Phyllobrotiia  longicornis  —  Diabrotica  longi- 

comis. 
Platyptilus  cardnidactylus,  1059. 
Thistle-plume.  1059. 
Thoas  swallow-tail,  1268. 

Larvaof  the,  1237. 

TllOICN.      ISSK(  T.S   AKKRCTINO. 

AnthonomuH  crata.>gi,  376. 
Cecidomyid.  370. 
Thorn-leaf  gall.    Mr.  Couper's,  376. 
Those  centennial  in-sects,  1511. 
Thousand-legged  worm,  193, 236, 261,  834.  1026. 
Threebauded  Spathius,  i:»29. 

lined  l.af  beetle.  1059. 1.558. 
so-called  army-worms,  328. 
worms  and  their  work,  1.504. 
Thrips,  1127,  2362. 

Food-habits  of,  53,  289, 685. 
sp..  203. 


448 


INDEX. 


Thrips.     True  and  bogus,  203. 

of  the  vine-grower,  53. 
Tlirushea.     Food-habits  of,  1726. 
Thyreus  abbotii,  763, 1018,  1118, 1127, 1248, 1277. 
Thyridopteryx  ephemenefoimis,  182,  200,  260,  271, 
427,  538,  C29, 641,  738,  815, 1036,  1059, 1000,1156,1189, 
1352, 1424, 1472, 1650, 1658,  2272,  2378, 2370. 
Thyridopteryx   ephemersBformis.      Remarks  on, 

2272.  » 

Thysania  zeuobia,  1291. 
Thj'sanoptera,  174. 
Thysanura,  2267. 
Tibicen  cassinii,  1057,  2367. 

septendecim,  51,  189,  213,  370,  407,  474,  527, 
618,  619,  648,  698,  707,  740,  884,  920,  1034, 
1037,  1057,  1059, 1093, 1159, 1311, 1489,  1609, 
1624, 1698, 1737,  1809, 1836, 1971, 1979, 1994, 
2014,  2112,  2144,  2216,  2305, 2307,  2312,  2314, 
2315,  2318,  2320,  2321,  2329,  2334,  2363,  2367. 
tredecim,  474,  746, 1034, 1057,1159,1609,1624, 
1809, 1836, 1 979, 1994, 1997,  2014,  2112,  2307, 
2312,  2329,  2367. 
Ticks  under  bark  of  apple-trees.     Seed,  1133. 

and  Texas  fever,  404. 
Tiger  beetle.     Common,  1763. 
larva,  719. 
Virginia,  1059. 
beetles,  028, 1643. 

moth.    Chrysalis  of  the  virgin,  674. 
Isabella,  1311. 
Tilden  tomato  and  tobaoco-worm,  933. 
Tile-horned  Prionua,  1127. 
Tilia  gall,  1116. 

Odontota  rubra  on,  1849. 
Timber  borers,  191. 

encourages  apple-tree  boreis,  1441. 
Insect  in,  918. 
Timothy.    Insects  affecting. 
Hadena  devastatris,  2394. 
Sphcnophorus  parvulus,  2394. 
Timothy :  "Webster,  F.  il.     Insects  affecting,  2394. 
Tinea,  1633. 
Tineid.     Apple-tree,  77,  92. 

genus  allied  to  Prouuba.     A  new,  1830. 
Tineida?,  70. 

New  genus  of,  1329, 1336. 
Tineids  in  bee-hives,  252. 

Fossil,  i084. 
Tineina,  1240. 

Tingis  amorphas  n.  sp.,  45  =  Gargaphia  amorpha?. 
ciliata  =  Corythuca  ciliala. 
tiliiB  n.  sp.,  45  :=  Gargaphia  tilia-. 
Tiphia  femorata,  1363. 

inornata,  1363,  2301. 
and  Rhipiphorus,  2351. 
Unadorned,  1363. 
Tipula,  947, 1161, 1278, 1368. 

eggs  in  stomach  of  cat-bird,  1735, 1745. 
sp.,  512. 

trivittata,  512, 1735. 
Tit  for  tat,  432. 
Tmetocera  ocellana,  747. 
Toads,  217,  262. 

eat  worker  bees  ?     Do,  544. 
in  gardens,  822. 
vs.  bugs,  1103.* 


Tobacco.    Insects  affecting. 
Crepidodera  cucumeris,  1782. 

parvula,  1782. 
Epitrix  cucumeris  =  Crepidodera  cucumeris. 

hirtipennis  =  Crepidodera  parvula. 
Gryllus  sp.,  2384. 

Macrosila  Carolina  ==  Protoparce  Carolina. 
5-maculata=Protoparce  celens. 
Protoparce  Carolina,  131,  933,  li:02,  2238. 

celeus,  131,  771,  885,  933, 1329. 
Sphinx  Carolina  =  Protoparce  Carolina. 
5-maculata  =  Protoparce  celeus. 
Tobacco  moth,  131. 

plants.    Flea  beetles  on  young,  1782. 
worm,  885,  2238. 

moth,  1059. 

Counterworking  the,  1329. 
Tilden  tomato  and  the,  933. 
Tolype  velleda,  972, 1773. 
Tomato  feeding  worm,  850. 
fruit  worm,  1136. 
gall.    Grape-vine,  1329. 
Tomato.    Insects  affecting. 
Doryphora  10-lineata,  21. 
Gortyna  nitela,  694,  734,  976. 
Ileliothis  armigera,  1136. 
Prodcnia  commelLna;,  850. 
Protoparce  Carolina,  933,  1089. 

celeus,  152, 155,  933, 1089, 1661. 
Sphinx  5-maculata  =  Protoparce  celeus. 
Tomato  .stalk  borer,  C94,  976. 

and  the  tobacco  worm.     Tilden,  933. 
worm,  152,  1059, 1558, 1661. 

again,  1104. 
Worm  eating  into  green,  734. 
worm.    Parasitized,  155. 

That  venomous,  1089. 
worms  not  poisonous,  771. 
Tomicus  pu.-iillus  =  Pityophthorus  minutissimus. 
ramulorum  =  Pityophthorus  microgra- 
phus. 
Tongue.    Butterfly's,  1815. 

Humming-bird  moths  caught  by  the, 

1388. 
Moths  and  butterflies  caught  by  the, 
1701. 
Too  fond  of  honey,  764. 
Toothed  Dermestes,  2363.  ■ 
Torrubia,  1064. 

elongata,  1430, 1436. 
ravenelii,  1803, 1823. 
Tortoise  beetle.     Black -legged,  1127. 
Clubbed,  1227, 1558. 
Golden,  1127. 
Larva  of  clubbed,  1238. 
Mottled,  1127. 
Pale  thighed,  1127. 
beetles,  105,  767. 1082, 1127. 
Tortricid.    A  pretty  nfew  gall-making,  2176. 
Tortricidffi,  918, 1975. 

Description  of  new,  19G9. 
Oviposition  of,  1922. 
Tortrix  Cinderella  n.  ."p.,  1311  =  Tera.s  Cinderella, 
fractivittana  =^  Cacoecia  fractivittana. 
fumiferana,  2232. 
rileyana  =  Caccecia  rileyana. 


INDEX. 


449 


Tortrix.     Spnice  Imd,  2232. 

AValnnt,  1059. 
Touch-nieuot,     Ceciiloiuyia  impatientis  on  Hpot- 
ted,  852. 
Galls  ou  spotted,  852. 
TracheiC  ami  double  cot'oons.     Shedding  of,  1715. 
Trade  in  insects.  1986. 
Tragidion  fiilvipenne.  490. 
Tragoceplialii  viridifasciata=  Chortophaga  viridi- 

fasciata. 
Transformations  of  insects,  528. 
Mite,  1618. 
of  red  mites,  1632. 

the  tumble  bug,  1386. 
Trap.     Thomas  Wiiers's  apidc-worm,  1312. 
Trapping  tlie  carpet  beetle,  1752. 
Treat's  insect  extinguisher  (Review),  .')31. 
Tree  borers  of  the  family  Cossidje.     Bailey,  J.  S., 
2253. 
cricket,  251,  953,  9G1,  999. 

ou  grape  vines.     Eggs  of,  723. 
Grapes  cut  otf  by,  414. 
Habits  of,  207. 
Jumping,  1329. 

in  raspberry  canes.     Eggs  of,  1006. 
Snowy,  2238. 
Snowy,  1329,  2291. 
cut-worms,  229,  281. 
hopper.     Buflalo,  415, 1329. 

injurious    to    potatoes.      Buffalo, 
2107. 
Trees.     Apple-tree  borers  of  the  south  side  of,  634. 
injured  by  spiders,  2409. 
for  protection  against  insects.    Improved 

method  of  spraying,  2211. 
Shall  wo  scrape  our,  1399. 
Tn-mex  columba,  458,  928, 1126,  2286. 

Pigeon,  458, 1126. 
Trenton,  N.  J.     Bennett,  T.     Report    of  experi- 
ments at,  2344. 
Trichius  delta,  372. 

Trichobaris  trinotata,  401, 1059,  1558,  2172. 
Trichodectes  ovis,  2043. 
Tricbogramma  minutnm  n.  gp.,  1301. 

pretiosa  n.  »;x.  1712,  2115.  2343. 
Trichopsenius  depressus,  1729. 
Trichoptera.  2267. 
Trifolinm  insects,  1459. 
Trimble's  insect  enemies  of  fruit,  etc.  (Review). 

187. 
Trimerotropis  creruleipcs  n.  gp.,  1959. 
latifasciata  n.gp.,  1959. 
similis  n.  gp.,  1959. 
Triodites,  1947. 

mus,  1959,  2002. 
Trioza  tripunctata,  669. 
Triphleps  insidiosns,  1853,  2048. 
Triplax  thoracica  =  Tritoma  thoracica.  • 

Tritoma  thoracica,  114. 
Tritoxa  flexa.  225. 
Triunguliu  of  Meloidae,  2083. 
Trochilium  acericolnm  =^geria  acemL 
acerni  =:  -Egeria  acerni. 
caudatum  =:  Alcathie  caudatum. 
cucnrbitre  =  Melirtia  ceto. 
denndatum  ^  Fatua  denudata. 
29  ENT 


Trocliiliiini  liospos,  197. 
sp.,  1003. 

tipuliformis  —  .Algeria  lipuliforniiii. 
Trogmlemia  tar.salc,  2167. 

as  a  niuHeum  pest,  21.10. 
Trogosita      niauritanica  —  Tenobrioides     niuuri- 
tanica. 
virescens,  721. 
Trogus  obsidianator,  1802. 
Troilus  bnttcrliy  c.iteniillar.  469. 
Trombidiuiii,  624. 

developed  from  Astoma,  2071. 
giganteum  n.gp.,  1632. 
holosericeum,  1470. 
locustarum  n.gp.,  146,728.  1287.  H'A. 

1521, 15G8, 1018, 1632. 
muscarura  7i.  gp.,  1632. 
sericeura,  1451, 1470, 1.198,  1018. 
telarium  =  Tetranychus  telarius. 
tinctorium,  1470. 
Trout.    Death-web  of  young,  1138, 1160, 1174. 
enemy.    Supposed,  1141. 
Food  for,  1142. 

So-called  web- worm  of  young,  1283. 
True  army-worm,  647, 1127. 

and  bogus  Yucca  moth,  18(4. 
Thrips  and  bogus  Thrips,  203. 
Trumpet  grape-gall,  791, 1116.  1329. 

leaf.  Insects  associated  with  the  spotted, 

1385, 1390. 
vine.    Clydonopteron   tecom:B  in  seed- 
pods  of.  1029. 
Pyralid   infesting  seed  pods   of. 
1929. 
Trupanea  apivora  =  Promachus  apivorus. 
Truths   in   applied   entomology.     General,  2291, 

2292. 
Trypeta  pomonella  n.  gp..  177,  367,  373,  454,  1320, 
1553,1654,2119,2238. 
solidaginis,  137, 180, 798, 1059. 
Tryphon  atricoxus  n.gp.,  385. 
Trypoxylon  albitarse,  .543. 
Tulip-tiee  bark-louse,  271. 
Tumble-dung.     Transformation  of  the  common. 

1386. 
Turf  web-worni,  2418. 
Turk  aud  its  crescent.     The  little,  329. 
Torkey-gnat,  2394. 
Turnip  enemy.  215. 

PolydesmuH   couiplanatua    an   enemy   to, 
215. 
Toaseh  silk-wonn,  1311. 

Tussock-moth.    Caterjiillarsof  the  white-marked. 
1227. 
Eggs  of  the   wbit<--niarked,  480, 

600. 
Whitci-marked.    1050,    1363,  2238. 
2378. 
again,  5.35. 
Twelvi  spotttd  Diabrotlca,  687, 1127,2418. 
Twice-stabbed  lady  bird.  38, 1329, 1883. 
Twig-borers,  lO.V-',  1185. 
girdler,  476,  1938. 
Twigs  amputated  by  some  unknown  animal,  4i2. 
B<rry  and  cherry,  1503. 
Eggs  in  or  on  C)ines  and,  1329. 


450 


INDEX. 


Twigs  girdled  by  some  animal,  443. 
primers,  288. 

punctured  by  periodical  Cicada,  1055. 
Two-striped  locust,  1423,  2363. 

Saperda.     "Variation  in,  1213. 
sweet-potato  beetle,  1127. 
walkinsr-stick,  1298. 
Tyloderma  fragarise,  1301, 1393. 
Typhlocyba  aurea  n.  sp.,  22. 

binotata  n.  «p.,  22. 
pallidula  n.sp.,  22. 
tricincta,  25. 
vitis,  203,  686, 1392, 1853. 
Typhlocybini.     Xew  .species  of,  22. 
Typhlodromus  pyri,  1739, 1759. 
Tyroglypbus  pbylloxerto  7i.  sp.,  1363, 1370. 

siro,  1703. 
TJji  parasite,  1311. 
Cloma  impressa,  805. 

Ulmus.       Gall -making  Pempbiginse  on,  1653. 
Tnadorned  Tipbia,  1363. 

Unfledged   locusts.       De.struction   of   young   or, 
1577. 
Habits  of  young  or,  1578. 
Unicorn  apple-tree  caterpillars,  749. 

prominent,  1280. 
Unimpregnated  eggs  batcb  ?    TTill,  1029. 
Unique  and  beautiful  noctuid,  2189. 
United  States.     Agricultural  advancement  in  the, 
1750. 
Clotbes  motbs  observed  in  tbe, 

2146. 
The  cotton-worm  in  the,  1769. 
Department  of  Agriculture.     Di- 
vision of  Entomology — 

Bulletin  1,    2164;    2,    2165 
3,  2253;    4,  2277;    6,  2304 
8,2315;    10,2378;   11,2344 
12,2364;  13,2382;  14,2388 
15,  2389. 
Entomological     .   Commis.sion. 
Appropriation  for,  1843. 
Bulletin  1,  1577;    2,  1578; 

3,1736;  6,2026. 
Circular  1,1575;  2,1.576. 
Report    1,  1643;     2,  1959; 

3,2267;  4,2343. 
Reports,  1757. 
Supplementary    iustructions 
to  agents  of  the,  1888. 
U.  S.  Entomologist.     Report   for  1878,  1721. 
1881 -'82,  2119. 
for  1883,  2232. 

1884,  2291. 

1885,  2363. 

1886,  2394. 

1887,  2418. 
United  States.    New  source  of  wealth  to,  1668. 

Notes  on  ApbidiniB  of  tbe,  27,  1678. 

Psyllidae  of  the,  2210. 

settled     fact.      Hibernation      of 

Aletia  xylina  in  the,  2141. 
Silk-culture  in  the,  1668, 1945,  2070, 
2196. 
industry    in   the    (Review), 
2268. 


United  States.     Status    and    prospects    of    silk- 
culture  in  tbe,  2336. 
Unity  of  coloration  in  insects,  50. 
Universal  remedies,  204,  503,  818. 
More,  278. 
remedy.     Another,  232. 
Unjust  accusation,  1537. 
Unknown  corn  pest,  1073. 
la-rvte,  853. 
mot:  1,753. 
worm,  986. 
Unmasked.    A  friend,  374. 
Unnatural  secretion  of  wax,  782. 
Unsightly  galls  on  cotton-wood,  446. 
Untrue.     Attractive  but,  1644. 
Urena  Anomis,  2119. 

lobata.     Anomis  erosa  feeding  on,  2343. 
UroceridsB  injurious  to  apple-twigs,  893. 
Urocerus  flavicornis,  2347. 
Uropoda  ameiicana  n.  sp.,  1505, 1626. 

vegetans,  1626. 
Useful  Labena,  1423. 

lives.     Two,  2370. 
A  nuisance  made,  983. 
Useless?    la  any  knowledge,  1135. 
Ustilago  segetum,  1461, 1479. 
Utah  in  1878.     Packard,  A.  S.     Notes  of  a  journey 

to,  1959. 
Utilization  of  ants  in  horticulture,  2089,  2137. 
Vagabond  Crambus,  2119. 
Valedictory,  326. 

Valery  Mayet  on  Phylloxera,  2207. 
Valuable  insecticides.     Two.  1742. 
Vanessa  antiopa,  540,  907, 1234, 1327, 1609, 1704, 1711. 
comma  =  Grapta  comma, 
inten-ogationis  =  Grapta  interrogationis. 
Variable  molting  in  Orgyia,  2379. 
Variation  in  Anisopteryx,  1540. 

the  two-striped  Saperda,  1213. 
Variegated  cut- worm,  1059,  2291. 

Eccopsis,  2363. 
Varieties.    Phytophagic,  45,  50. 
Varying  Anomala,  2291. 
Vegetable  phenomena,  436. 
Vegetal-feeding  ground  beetles,  1738. 
Vegetation  cau.sed  by  locusts.     Changes  in,  1495. 
Harris.     Insects     injurious     to     (Re- 
view), 568. 
in  Illinois.     Insects  injurious  to,  G,  52. 
Legislation  to  control  insects  injuri- 
ous to,  1946. 
Venation  of  wings  of  Anisopteryx,  1540. 
Venomous  tomato-worm.     That,  1099. 
Vera   Cruz,    Mexico.      Interesting     cotton-worm 

notes  from,  1845. 
Verified.     Predictions,  1494. 
Vertical  in.sect-boxes,  1963. 
V^esicants.    Meloidse  as,  912. 
Vespa  crabro,  616. 

maculata,  543. 
VespidBB,  190,  505,  770. 

Victoria.    Grape  Phylloxera  in  Geelong,  1732. 
Vilfa  yaginaflora,  402,  1495, 1538. 
Vine  area  of  France  afiected  by  Phylloxera.    Half 
the,  2020. 
I  Blue  caterpillars  of  tbe,  1127, 1363. 


INDEX. 


4ol 


Vine-growers.     Thrips  of,  5.1. 

infested  with  parasites.    Hog  caterpillar  of 

tlie,  1247. 
Tn.softs  injurious  to  the,  223S. 
loving  pomace  lly,  2119. 
Vinegar  for  insects.     Salt  and,  937. 
Virgin  tijer-moth.     Chry,sali.s  of  the,  C74. 
Virginia  tiger  beetle,  10.">9. 
Vitislituus,  1116. 

vinifera.    Phylloxera  de.strnctive  to,  1727. 
viticola,  1116. 
V-marked  Cacojcia,  2363. 
Viviparity  of  a  moth,  21.')3. 
Volume.     Close  of  lln-  first,  701. 
Voyle,  J.     Experiments  on  orange  scale  insects, 
2164. 
Report  on   the  effects  of  cold  on  the 
scale  insects  of  the  orange  in  Florida, 
2277. 
"Wagner,  B.    Observations  on  the  new  crop  gall- 
gnat,  2267. 
"Walker,  P.     SeiTells  automatic  silk-reel,  2388. 

Silk-culture,  2418. 
"Walking-stick.  144. 

Tbickthighed.  1701,  1721. 
Two-striped,  1298. 
sticks.    Cicadas  and,  920. 
or  specters,  139.5. 
"Walnut  case-bearer.  1311. 
caterpillars,  1229. 

Gregarious,  1045. 
Insect  feeding  on  the  sap  of  black,  1195. 
"Walnut.    Insects  .\ffecting. 
Cacoecia  rileyana,  1059. 
Clisiocampa  dissiria,  363. 

s>Ivatica  =;  C.  disstria. 
Datana  ministra,  1045, 1229,  2222,  2333. 
Notodontid,  757. 
Phy  cis  j  n  slaudi.s,  131 ) . 
Psocua  vcnosus,  1195. 
"Walnut  Tortrix,  10.")9. 

tree.     "Worm  on  bark  of,  757. 
and  willow.    Enemies  of  the  black,  2333. 
"Walsh,  B.  D.    Entomological   collection   of,  1107, 
1203. 
In  raemoriam,  1098. 
Portrait  of,  1128. 
Posthumous  paper  by,  1344. 
Successor  to,  1105. 
"Walshia  amorphella,  1127,  2356. 
"Wanted.     Infonoation.  1111. 
War  on  corn-worms,  1522. 
Warbles,  898. 
Washington  Entomological  Society.     Address  as 

president,  2355. 
"Wasp.     Ichneumon  fly  mistaken  for,  477. 
and  parasites,     ilud,  1827. 

spider-egg  nest.     Mud,  1847. 
Wasps.  1736. 

Digger,  309. 

and  their  habits,  375,  543,  615. 
Social,  616. 

Sucking  organs  of,  2182. 
Water  bug,  797, 1191. 

Gigantic,  534. 
larva,  1205. 


Water.     Moths  attracted  by  f.ilUng,210«. 
weevil,  2119. 

of  rice-plant,  1073. 
"Wavy-striped  tlea-heetle,  348,  5fll,  2291. 
Wax-lK-ans.     Epilachnii  roriupta  eating,  2135. 
insect.     New,  2119. 
Tunatural  secreticn  of,  782. 
worm.  1059. 
Waxy  .secretion  on  stem  of  bit  ti-r. tweet.     White, 

191,3. 
Ways  of  bHg-worm.s.  1421. 
"Wealth  to  the  United  .States.     .V  new  source  of, 

1668. 
"Webworm.    Fall,  1301, 1733,  2238,  2378,  2391. 
Garden,  2363. 
on  hickory.     Fall,  400. 
Juniper,  1721. 
Sorghum,  2119. 
Turf,  2418. 

of  young  trout.     So.called,  1283. 
of  young  trout.     Death,  li.'iS,  1160,  1174. 
Webster,  F.  M.    Insects  affecting  barley,  2394. 

buckwheat,  2394. 
fall-wheat,    2291, 

2303,  2394. 
small  grains  and 

gras.ses,  2394. 
timothy,  2391. 
white     clover, 
2391. 
Record  of  experiments  on  the 
effect  of  punctures  of  hemip- 
tera  upon  «hrub.s,  fruits,  aud 
grains,  231^2. 
Report  on  Buffalo  gnats,  23S8. 

of   experiments  at  La- 
fayette, Ind.,  2344. 
npon  the  season's  obser- 
vations   in    Indiana, 
especially  upon  corn 
insects,  2418. 
"Weeping  lace-wing,  1127. 
Weevil,  1673. 

on  apple-trees.  New  York,  1085. 
Clover,  1777. 
Ilouey-locust  seed,  1026. 
Rice,  1683. 

plant  water,  1073. 
Strawberry,  2363. 
"Weevils.     Aniseed  r».  grain,  1742. 

Raspberries  destroyed  by,  1788. 
"Well-known  animals,     Littlu  known  facts  abont, 

2071. 
Wells.     White  worms  in,  1015. 
West     Canker  worms  at  the,  1530. 

Economic  investigations  in  the  South  and, 

1864. 
Genuine  array- worm  in  the,  2009. 
Hop  growing  in  the,  23.5.  279. 
Importiint  observations  on  the  grasshop- 
per pest  of  the.  1571. 
Indies.     Rejmrt  on  the  rotton  crop  and  its 

enemies  in,  23tS. 
Locusts  in  the,  2044. 
Winged  pest<<  of  the,  2313. 
Western  crirket.  1959,  2267. 


452 


INDEX. 


Western  cricket,  Bruner,  L.   Observations  on  the,   ' 
2267. 
Histology  of,  1959.  ! 

governors  on  the  Rocky  Mountain  lo- 
cust, 1557. 
grasshopper,  1998. 
Missouri.    Eavages  of  young  locusts  in, 

1492. 
striped  cut- worm,  1059. 
Westward    progress  of  the    imported   cabbage- 

wnriu,  1694,  1721. 
What  are  armj"- worms  ?  1400. 

becomes  of  bumble  bees  ?  1032. 
Wheat.     Beetles  supposed  to  be  feeding  on,  1746. 
Bruchus.     A  new  insect  in,  19. 
Cause  of  smut  in,  1461. 
cut-worm,  1055. 

Cut-worms  destroying  recently  sown,455. 
Daraago  to,  1870. 
fly.    CoHipanion,  2394. 
head  army-worm,  1570,  2418. 
Hessian  fly  in  seed,  494. 
insects,  1506. 
Whe.\t.    Insects  affecting. 

Aphis  avenaj  — -Iseciarupboia  granaria. 
Asopia  farinalis,  980. 

Blissus  leucopterus,  886,  S88,  894,  895,  2363. 
Brachytarsus  variegatus,  1461, 1479. 
Bruchus  sp  ,  19. 
Culaudra  reraotepunctata,  15. 
Calocoris  rapidus,  2363. 
Cecidomyia  destructor,  494, 1506. 

tritici  =  Diplosis  tritici. 
Cecidomyid,  18. 
Chloropssp.,2060. 
Cicadula  exitiosa,  1766. 
Cutworm,  1059. 

Diedrocephala  flaviceps  1766, 1767,  2363. 
Diplosis  tritici,  109,  110,  142,  216,  280,  292,372, 

428,  711, 1512,  2238,  2267,  2363. 
Drseocoris  rapidus  ^Calocoris  rapidus. 
Euschistus  fissilis,  2363. 
Gortyna  nitela,  1589, 1870. 
Isosoma  grande,  2288,  2291,  2363,  2394. 
hordei,  2394. 
nigrum  =  I.  hordei. 
tritici,  2060,  2063,  2123,  2363,  2394. 
Jassus  sesnotatus,  1766. 

sp.,  1766. 
Leucania  albilinea,  1507, 1570. 
Liongitarsus  sp.,  636. 
Xygus  praien.sis,  2363. 
Meromyza  americaua,  727,  1058, 1506, 1589, 1848, 

1875,  2394. 
U'ectarophora  granaria,  1806. 
Noctuid,  455. 
Oscinus  sp.,  2394. 

Pyralis  farinalis  =  Asopia  farinalis.. 
Silvanus  surinamensis,  1259. 
Sitophilus    remotepuuctata  =  Calandra    re- 

motepunctata. 
Tenebrio  molitor,  980. 
Wire-worm,  2418. 
Wheat  Isosoma,  2063,  2119. 

just  before  it  ripens,    Meromyza  ameri- 
cana  attacking,  1058. 


Wheat.   Leaf-hoppers  injuring,  1766. 
maggots,  727. 
midge,  109,  110,  142,  216,  280,  292,  428,  711, 

1512,2238,2291,2363. 
A  new  enemy  to,  1507. 

insect  injurious  to,  22S8. 
oats,  and  rye.    Beetles  working  in,  1259. 
plant.     Klippart's  (Review),  186. 
rust  and  Hessian  fly.  1605. 
Smut  in,  1479. 

stalk-worm  on  Pacific  coast,  2123. 
stalks.     New   depredator   infesting,  2060, 

2063. 
straw  Isosoma,  2291,  2394. 

Larger,  2291, 2394. 
Webster,  F.  M.  In.sects  aftecting,  2394. 

f.iU,  2291, 
2363,  2394. 
wire-worm,  2418. 
Worm  iu  joints  of,  1848. 
worms,  980. 

injuring,  1875. 
in  reference  to,  1589. 
White  ant.     Inquilines  in  galleries  of,  1729. 
blast,  2119. 
clover.    Webster,  F.  M.    Insects  affecting, 

2394. 
grub,  68,  410, 1020, 1059,  2238,  2363,  2394. 

fungus,  594,  1064, 1430, 1436, 1-599, 1803, 
1823. 
again,  640.  • 
information  wanted,  1072. 
parasite,  1363. 
grubs,  541. 

in  strawberry-beds,  1236. 
heart  hickory  Gelechi^  2363. 
lined  morning  Sphinx,  630,  1198, 1301, 1643, 

2291. 
marked  tussock-moth,  1059, 1363,  2238,  2378. 
again,  535. 
caterpillar,  1227. 
■     eggs,  480,  600. 
oak.    Leaf-miner  on,  1879. 
AVoolly  gall  on,  739. 
pine  plant-louse,  320. 
scale,  97. 

trees  killed  by  borers,  1049. 
weevil,  781,2363. 
worm,  465,  950. 

Abbof.s,  1570. 
scale  on  acacias.    Large,  1730. 

Means  against  2374. 
waxy  secretion  on  stems  of  bitter-sweet, 
I  1913. 

willow  insects,  907. 

worm,  917,  1211. 
worms  iu  wells,  1015.  < 

Why  noxious  insects  increase  upon  us,  766. 
Wier,  D.  B.     Xative  plums,  2388. 
Wier's  apple- worm  trap.     Thomas,  1312. 

trap.     The  coddling-niolh,  1334. 
Wild  cherry.    Caterpillar's  nest  on,  242. 
cherry.    Cocoon  on,  259. 
grape-vine.    Conical  galls  on  leaves  of,  1077. 
siige.     Galls  growing  on,  1347. 
Will  unimpregnated  eggs  hatch  ?  1029. 


INDEX. 


453 


Willow.    EDemies  of  the  black  walnut  and,  2333. 
gall.     Pod-like,  1170. 
galls,  46. 

of  Cecidoruyida'  on,  46. 197. 
Gracilaria.     Purplo,  2363. 
Willow.    Insects  .vFFECTixr.. 

Cecidomyia  salicis-siliqua',  1170. 

Cecidoniyida',  46, 197. 

Cinibex  aniericana,  1380,  2291,  2333. 

laportei  =:  C.  amoricaniv 
Closlera  aniericana  =  Ichtbj-ura  inclusa. 
Coleopteron.  197. 
Dipteron,  197. 
Gracilaria,  2363. 
Hynienopteron.  197. 
Icbthyiira  inclu.sa,  8.">6. 
Nematus  ventralis,  907,  917, 1211. 
Saperda.  2267. 
Tentbredinidje,  197. 
Teras,  2363. 

Vanessa  antiopa,  907, 1234. 1609. 
Willow  insects.     White,  907. 
Teras,  2363. 
worm.     Large,  1380. 

White,  917.  1121. 

worms.    Gregarious,  856. 

Winged  pests  of  the  West,  2313. 

Phylloxera  iu  California,  1895. 
Wire-worms.  224,  892,932,1030,  2238. 
Means  against,  103. 
in  potatoes,  846. 
Wits  jump  together.     How  great,  567. 
W-markfd  cut-worm.  1059,  2291. 
Wonder      Back-rolling,  1363. 
Wood-borers.     Food  habits  of,  1902. 
Rearing,  1829. 
gall  on  white-oak,  733. 
lice  on  giape-vine  roots,  1900. 
nymph.     Beautiful,  1127, 1363. 
Pearl,  1127. 1301.1363. 
Woolly  elm-tree  lou.se,  1059. 
lice  on  the  beech,  449. 
slug-like  worm  on  apple,  796. 
Work  in  entomology,  202,  418. 

Three  worms  and  their,  1504. 
Worker  bees  ?    Do  toads  eat,  544. 
WorkiTs  among  liymenoptera,  311. 
Works  on  North  American  microlepidoptera,  1975. 
World.     Insect,  1466, 1467. 
Wonn.    Apide,  1666. 
in  apple.  177. 
Army.  11,  17,  120,  670,  876,906,1127,1442, 

1482, 1551, 1570, 2119,  2239, 2267,  2269. 
on  bark  of  walnut  tree,  757. 
boring  into  cucumber,  808.  843. 
peach,  1182. 
in  wheat-.stalk,  1870. 
Canker,  86, 172, 1021, 1066, 1127, 1363,  2012. 
in  com,  181. 
Cotton,   1127,  1363,  1649,   1702,  1719,  2077, 

2119,2130.2295. 
Currant,  877, 1204. 
eating  in  green  tomatoes,  734. 
Hundred  legged.  219. 
infesting  meal  sacks,  1896. 


Woini.    lujoint  of  wheat,  1848. 
(|UfMtion,  9P9. 

and  remedy.     Strawberry,  1686. 
snake,  1662. 
Tobacco,  H85,  2238. 
Tomato,  152,  lO.'.O,  1558, 1661. 
An  unknown,  986. 
Worms.     Hee  bread  devoured  by,  1293. 
in  cabbage,  1915. 
Clover,  83.  675,  948, 1132. 
in  Cottonwood,  1459. 
Currant,  364,  882, 1696. 
on  Dutchman's  pipe,  1321. 
feeding  on  hawthorn,  1051. 
iu  flour  and  rye,  72. 
on  horse-chestnut.     Gregarious,  1192. 
How  to  free  wells  of,  1015. 
injuring  wheat,  1875. 
in  joint  wheat,  1848. 
under  mulch  hay,  1161. 
in  osage  orange  seed,  597. 
iu  potatoes.     Wire,  846. 
in  wells,  1015. 

Wire,  224,  892.  932, 1030,  2238. 
and  their  work.    Three,  1504. 
Worthleasness  of  the  sparrow  ,is  an  insect  killer, 

2413. 
Wyckoffs  silk-industry  in  the  United  States  (Re- 
view), 2268. 
Wyoming,     Montana,  etc.,   in    1881.     Bruner,   L. 

The  Rocky  Mountain  locust  in,  2267. 
Xanthoptera  ridingsii  n.sp.,  1411  =  Exyra  riding 
sii. 
semicrocea,  1385, 1390. 
Xiphidium,  118. 
Xyleborus  calatus,  2267. 
obesus,  1583. 

Packard,  A.  S.     Development  of,  2267. 
pyri,  2,  149. 
X>  K  utes  robinia!  —  Cossus  robiniie. 
Xjlina  cinerca  n.gp.,  1301  =  Lithophane  ant«n- 

nalp. 
Xylocopa  c  \iolina  =  X.  virginica. 

virginica,  372, 1111. 
Xyloryctes  satj  rus,  40,  471. 
Xylotrechus  colonus,  2207. 
Yama-mai  silkworm,  1311. 
Tear.     Desttuctive  insects  of  the,  2322. 
Entomological  notes  of  the,  2235. 
Insects  of  th.-,  2289.  2.331. 
Is  this  a  gra.sshopper,  156.">. 
Yeast  ferment  in  insects.    Experimont«  with,  1930. 
Yellow  bear.     Common,  1301. 
fever-fly,  1950. 
headed  cut- worm.  1050. 
locust,  2.363. 

tailed  Tachina-fly.  1127, 1625. 
swallow-tail,  361. 
Yellows  in  peach  trees.    Suppose*!  cause  of,  515 
Yersiu.     Function  of  the  nervous  system  of  arti- 

culat4-9. 1950. 
Young  grasslioppers.  2377. 

locusts.     Destruction  of,  1577. 
Ditching  for.  1488. 
Habits  of,  1578. 


454 


INDEX. 


Young  locusts  in  western  Missouri.    Eavages  of, 
1492. 
pecan  trees  girdletl,  489. 
tobacco-plants.    Flea-beetle  on,  1782. 
trout.    Death-web  of,  1138, 1160, 1174. 
So-called  webworra  of,  1283. 
Yucca,  1602, 1603. 

angustifolia  fertilized  l)y  Pronuba  yucca- 

sella,  1804. 
borer,  1420, 1482, 1570. 

IN'otes  on  the,  1465. 
Fertilization  of,  1329, 1336,  2171. 
filamentosa.   Prodoxus  decipiens  oviposit- 
ing in,  2049. 
Further  notes  on  the  pollination  of,  2000. 
Yucca.    Ixsects  affecting. 
Elaphidion  tectum,  1602. 

Megathymusynccffi,  1420, 1465, 1482, 1570, 1602. 
Prodoxus  decipiens,  2000.  2049. 
Pronuba  yuccasella.  1329. 1336, 1337, 1354, 1363. 
1603,  2000,  2171,  2391. 


Yucca.    In-sect.s  affecting— Continued. 

Sycophorus  ynccse,  1602. 
Yucca  moth,  1363. 

Oviposition  of  the,  1354. 
Professor  Riley  and  the,  2068. 
True  and  bogus,  1804. 
Pollination  of,  1603, 1804,  2000,  2371. 
Pronuba  and  its  connection  with  the  polli- 
nation of,  2391. 
Zarasa  inflata,  2360. 
Zarhipis,  2397. 

Further  notes  on  Pbengodes  and,  2411. 
Phengodes  and,  2408. 
Zebra  cabbage- worm,  2232. 
caterpillar,  179, 1127. 
Zeller.     Death  of  Professor,  2179. 
Zerene  catenaria,  1140. 
Zimmermann's  flea-beetle,  2291. 
Zoo-geographical  map  of  North  America.    Pack- 
ard, A,  S.,  2267. 
Zygaena  mines,  2224. 


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